EP3926606A1 - Verfahren und systeme zur grafischen darstellung von eingeschränkten informationen der erforderlichen ankunftszeit (rta) - Google Patents

Verfahren und systeme zur grafischen darstellung von eingeschränkten informationen der erforderlichen ankunftszeit (rta) Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3926606A1
EP3926606A1 EP21177208.2A EP21177208A EP3926606A1 EP 3926606 A1 EP3926606 A1 EP 3926606A1 EP 21177208 A EP21177208 A EP 21177208A EP 3926606 A1 EP3926606 A1 EP 3926606A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rta
aircraft
time
flight
data
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21177208.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sivakumar KANAGARAJAN
Richard Snyder
Joshua Gavroy
Chunyu Sheng
Ivan Wyatt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honeywell International Inc
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Honeywell International Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US16/997,357 external-priority patent/US11527164B2/en
Application filed by Honeywell International Inc filed Critical Honeywell International Inc
Publication of EP3926606A1 publication Critical patent/EP3926606A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
    • G08G5/0004Transmission of traffic-related information to or from an aircraft
    • G08G5/0008Transmission of traffic-related information to or from an aircraft with other aircraft
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
    • G08G5/0004Transmission of traffic-related information to or from an aircraft
    • G08G5/0013Transmission of traffic-related information to or from an aircraft with a ground station
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
    • G08G5/0017Arrangements for implementing traffic-related aircraft activities, e.g. arrangements for generating, displaying, acquiring or managing traffic information
    • G08G5/0021Arrangements for implementing traffic-related aircraft activities, e.g. arrangements for generating, displaying, acquiring or managing traffic information located in the aircraft
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
    • G08G5/003Flight plan management
    • G08G5/0034Assembly of a flight plan
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
    • G08G5/003Flight plan management
    • G08G5/0039Modification of a flight plan
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G5/00Traffic control systems for aircraft, e.g. air-traffic control [ATC]
    • G08G5/0047Navigation or guidance aids for a single aircraft
    • G08G5/0052Navigation or guidance aids for a single aircraft for cruising

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to methods and systems for presenting flight information on a display, and more particularly relates to methods and systems for graphical representation of required time of arrival (RTA) constraint information on a display of an aircraft.
  • RTA required time of arrival
  • a function on many available flight management systems (FMS) on an aircraft provides the crew with the ability to enter a Required Time of Arrival (RTA) at a waypoint that is part of a given flight plan.
  • RTA Required Time of Arrival
  • the FMS adjusts the speed profile for the climb flight phase, cruise flight phase, and descent flight phase, as appropriate, in order to arrive at the waypoint within the prescribed RTA, thus improving the predictability of the aircraft.
  • This function is also sometimes called TOAC (Time Of Arrival Control), as part of the arrival management.
  • RTA constraint The combination of the RTA and the waypoint may be referred to as an RTA constraint.
  • a technical problem is presented in that many available FMS on an aircraft are insufficient to meet new requirements that the pilot negotiate with Air Traffic Control (ATC) to define an RTA constraint that can be met with a 95% reliable confidence. To meet this confidence level, a pilot may need much more readily and intuitively available information than the available FMS functions can provide.
  • ATC Air Traffic Control
  • a method for managing required time of arrival (RTA) information for an aircraft and displaying it on a display device configured to generate a display including a trajectory of the aircraft on a flight plan (FP) includes: at a processor, receiving aircraft status data for the aircraft; receiving aircraft performance data from onboard sensors; determining a plurality of phases of flight for the FP; receiving user RTA clearance input including an RTA waypoint on the FP, an associated RTA, and a time tolerance at the RTA; receiving a user input RTA limit speed; computing RTA limits based on the RTA and the time tolerance at the RTA; referencing environmental data; constructing a plan comprising, for each phase of flight of the plurality of phases of flight for the flight plan, a respective speed target, for the aircraft to arrive at the RTA within the time tolerance and as a function of the environmental data and the RTA limit speed; computing an estimated time of arrival (ETA) based on a summation of the phase of flight speed targets and the aircraft performance data
  • ETA estimated time of arrival
  • a system for managing required time of arrival (RTA) information for an aircraft and displaying it on a display device configured to generate a display including a trajectory of the aircraft on a flight plan (FP), comprising: a memory comprising an RTA constraint controller program; and a processor coupled to the memory and configured to: receive aircraft status data for the aircraft; receive aircraft performance data from onboard sensors; determine a plurality of phases of flight for the FP; receive user RTA clearance input including an RTA waypoint on the FP, an associated RTA, and a time tolerance at the RTA; receive a user input RTA limit speed; compute RTA limits based on the RTA and the time tolerance at the RTA; receive environmental data; construct a plan comprising, for each phase of flight of the plurality of phases of flight for the flight plan, a respective speed target, for the aircraft to arrive at the RTA within the time tolerance and as a function of the environmental data and the RTA limit speed; compute an estimated time of arrival (ETA) based on a summation of the phase of
  • the aircraft including: a display device configured to generate a display including a trajectory of the aircraft on a flight plan (FP); and a system for managing required time of arrival (RTA) information for the aircraft and displaying it on the display device, comprising: a memory comprising an RTA constraint controller program; and a processor coupled to the memory and configured to: receive aircraft status data for the aircraft; receive aircraft performance data from onboard sensors; determine a plurality of phases of flight for the FP; receive user RTA clearance input including an RTA waypoint on the FP, an associated RTA, and a time tolerance at the RTA; receive a user input RTA limit speed; compute RTA limits based on the RTA and the time tolerance at the RTA; receive environmental data; construct a plan comprising, for each phase of flight of the plurality of phases of flight for the flight plan, a respective speed target, for the aircraft to arrive at the RTA within the time tolerance and as a function of the environmental data and the RTA limit speed; compute an estimated time of arrival
  • exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to graphical representations of required time of arrival (RTA) constraint information system shown generally at 10 (shortened hereinafter to system 10 ) that is associated with an aircraft 12.
  • the system 10 includes an RTA constraint controller 16 that implements an algorithm and causes the system 10 to perform the functions described herein.
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 can be implemented in any aircraft 12 as an enhanced computing device that is associated with a display device, where the enhanced computing device includes at least a processor 22, one or more data storage devices 24, and input/output (IO) circuitry 26 for communication.
  • the system 10 includes, but is not limited to, an information datastore 14, the RTA constraint controller 16, onboard sensors 32, and a display 18.
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 transmits commands to and receives data from various flight controls 28.
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 may be incorporated within or separate from, an existing Flight Management System (FMS 30 ).
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 is configured to receive data from external sources, such as weather data source 34 .
  • the information datastore 14 stores RTA definition information and pre-calculated time of arrival data which includes, but is not limited to, precalculated estimated time of arrival minimum and maximum predictions for given waypoints of a flight plan, precalculated optimal time of arrival, precalculated fuel predictions, precalculated impact on estimated time en-route (ETE), precalculated estimated time of arrival to destination (ETA), the precalculated estimated distance to go (DTG), and the estimated time of departure (ETD).
  • ETE estimated time en-route
  • ETA estimated time of arrival to destination
  • TSG the precalculated estimated distance to go
  • ETD estimated time of departure
  • the values of the pre-calculated time of arrival data are pre-calculated iteratively with an appropriate confidence envelope and may be stored in the information datastore 14 during an initialization step.
  • the information datastore 14 may reside in a data storage device of an enhanced computing device on the aircraft 12, may reside in a data storage device on an enhanced computing device at a location remote from the aircraft 12 (e.g., on a central server), or may partially reside on the computing device of the aircraft 12 and partially on the computing device at the location remote from the aircraft 12.
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 includes the processor 22 and one or more instructions implementing an algorithm, for example, as a RTA constraint controller software program stored in memory 24, that may be executed by the processor 22.
  • the instructions of the RTA constraint controller 16 coordinate access to and use of the information datastore 14, construct critical data for an RTA constraint 21 based on the precalculated information in the information datastore 14, and generate a user interface 20 having graphical representations of the critical data for the RTA constraint 21.
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 may communicate with the information datastore 14 directly, and/or may communicate with the information datastore 14 indirectly through one or more communication circuits and protocols.
  • the display 18 is a display device that displays at least a part of the user interface 20.
  • the display 18 may be located in a cockpit of the aircraft 12 for viewing by, for example, a pilot of the aircraft 12.
  • the display 18 can be an interactive display (e.g., a touch screen, or other interactive display) that accepts user input from a user through one or more user input devices (for example, FIG. 10 , input device 1004 ).
  • a pilot may interact with the user interface 20 using one or more input devices to cause the system to display the estimated time of arrival related information.
  • the user interface 20 may automatically display the critical data for the RTA constraint 21 based on a flight condition of the aircraft 12 and/or based on information entered by a user.
  • the lateral display 206 of a cockpit display generally includes a display box 204 with a lateral display 206 that displays the trajectory of the aircraft 12 along a flight path 208 (e.g., displayed in two or three dimensions), and one or more waypoints.
  • a waypoint 210 of the RTA constraint operation the system 10 presents various graphical representations of the critical RTA constraint data 21 in a dialogue box 202 alongside the display box 204, the specific presentation of the RTA constraint data 21, as illustrated in FIGS. 3-9 , is in accordance with rules and algorithms of the graphical user interface 20.
  • the dialogue box 300 displays the waypoint 302 of the RTA constraint operation and the calculated critical data for the RTA constraint 21 to the pilot such that it can be used in the required time of arrival negotiation process between the Air Traffic Controller (ATCo) and the pilot.
  • ATCo Air Traffic Controller
  • the pilot can assess different solutions along any point of an already negotiated two or three-dimensional trajectory as requested by the ATCo.
  • Dialogue box 300 displays the waypoint 302 name and an RTA progress tab 303 displays the calculated critical data for the RTA constraint 21.
  • the calculated critical data for the RTA constraint 21 displayed by the user interface 20 may include, but is not limited to, an RTA type 304, an RTA time 306, an indication of whether the RTA is active (RTA activation 308 ), an area to indicate any RTA error and RTA status 310, an RTA pointer 312, a latest ETA 316, an ETA window band 318, an allowable band 320 (may be depicted in a first color, such as green), a tolerance band 322 (may be depicted in a second color, such as white), an ETA pointer 324, an earliest ETA 326, a current RTA speed target 328, an indicator for RTA Fix DTG 330, and an indicator for ETD 332.
  • RTA type 304 displayed by the user interface 20
  • RTA time 306 an indication of whether the RTA is active (RTA activation 30
  • dialog box 400 shows two additional graphical display features generated by the RTA constraint controller 16 to improve the human-machine interface presentation of critical data for the RTA constraint 21.
  • An RTA status timeline 402 is added in an area below the RTA activation 308 object; and a negotiation/Prediction timeline 404 is added to provide detail to the demarcation line connecting the Earliest ETA 326 and Latest ETA 316.
  • FIGS 5-6 illustrate examples of the RTA status timeline 402 feature.
  • the RTA type 304 is "at or after," and the text for the RTA status 310 indicates "00:08:30 Early.”
  • RTA time text 502 is displayed as 11:45:00+/-10 and an indicator 506 (shown as a first color block) indicates the RTA acceptable range 506 around the RTA time 504.
  • the RTA acceptable range 506 it is bounded by an RTA maximum and an RTA minimum, and based on the current limitations (aircraft performance, environmental, etc), a speed to achieve the RTA maximum and RTA minimum is dynamically calculated. Where either the RTA maximum or RTA minimum are constrained, a constraint boundary symbol is used. IN FIG.
  • a constraint boundary symbol 508 is depicted at the left of the indicator 506; in this example, the constraint boundary symbol 508 is a triangle oriented to point to the indicator 506. There is no constraint boundary symbol on the right, at the maximum RTA, in FIG. 5 .
  • An indicator for time error line 510 is to the left of the constraint boundary symbol 508, and this may be scaled to show a time reference and may be rendered in a second color.
  • the time error represents a difference between a pilot input constraint (RTA goal at the waypoint) and the estimated time of arrival at the waypoint.
  • a demarcation line 512 may be placed horizontally below the indicators and symbols 504-510.
  • RTA type 304 is "at,” and the text for RTA status 310 indicates "On time.”
  • RTA time text 502 is 11:45:00+/-10 and an indicator 506 (shown as a first color block) indicates the RTA acceptable range 506 around the RTA time 504.
  • Constraint boundary symbol 508 is depicted at the left of the indicator 506; in this example, the constraint boundary symbol 508 is a triangle oriented to point to the indicator 506.
  • Constraint boundary symbol 602 is depicted at the right of the indicator 506; in this example, the constraint boundary symbol 508 is a triangle oriented to point to the indicator 506.
  • FIG. 7 provides detail for graphical information displayed below the demarcation line 512, on the Negotiation/Prediction timeline 404.
  • a Control Confidence Band 702 is scaled to a time difference and rendered underneath the demarcation line 512, bisected by the predicted ETA of the aircraft 710.
  • An indicator for aircraft physical limits 704 is shown as a hatched area that extends the control confidence band 702 to the left.
  • An indicator for aircraft physical limits 706 is shown as a hatched area that extends the control confidence band 702 to the right.
  • the Earliest confidence time 708 is indicated with a marker on the control confidence band 702.
  • FIGS. 8-9 depict various ways in which the system 10 may use the graphical display to indicate to the pilot that the 95% reliable condition cannot be met for the waypoint.
  • dialog box 800 displays "Unreliable RTA" 802 in the area that previously displayed the Negotiation/Prediction Timeline 404.
  • dialog box 900 omits much of the previously described calculated critical data for the RTA constraint 21.
  • rules embodied in an algorithm of the RTA constraint controller 16 may direct the receipt of inputs 1002, such as flight plan data, RTA inputs, and user input, and generation of output commands, data, and controls, such as aircraft control 1008 and speed targets 1006.
  • the rules embodied in the algorithm of the RTA constraint controller 16 may direct the graphical user interface 20 and presentation of critical RTA constraint data 21 on the display 18.
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 may also manage the presentation of the lateral display ( FIG. 2 , 206 ) and a vertical situation display.
  • the user input may be received based on a user interacting with the user interface 20.
  • the user input may include activating/deactivating the RTA constraint controller 16 functionality, enabling/disabling the RTA, speed limits for a climb, a cruise, and a descent flight phase, the specific waypoint 210, a target RTA time, and a waypoint distance offset.
  • Other inputs 1002 shown in FIG. 11 may be provided by a Datalink, via ATC transcription, or via a connected technology, these other inputs include a required time of arrival (RTA) definition data waypoint and its position constraint type (at, before, or after) time, an estimated time of departure (ETD), and an RTA tolerance value.
  • RTA required time of arrival
  • ETD estimated time of departure
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 may receive forecasted external weather reports, and current weather data from onboard sensors 32.
  • the flight plan (FP) data may be received from a flight plan database or other on-board system or module in control of the flight plan, including the FMS 30.
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 may be partitioned into any number of sub-modules, each directed to performing a different process of system 10. Accordingly, in various embodiments, the RTA constraint controller 16 includes an RTA optimization module 1010, a real time calculations module 1012, a trajectory prediction module 1014, and an earlies/latest ETA module 1016.
  • the RTA optimization module 1010 receives pre-calculated time of arrival data 1018 and the input flight planning data 1002, as well as estimated RTA waypoint data output from the trajectory prediction module 1014, and calculates adjustments for flight controls, the adjustments are received by the real time calculations module 1012, which drives the recommended speed for achieving a target RTA; the output from the real time calculations module 1012 feeds the trajectory prediction module 1014, the aircraft control 1008, the speed targets 1006, and ultimately the flight controls 28.
  • the user interface 20 presents the output 1102 data as described and shown in FIGS. 3-9 .
  • the displayed RTA constraint data 1104 may include the current RTA speed 328 to achieve the goal waypoint, the ETA (graphically, an ETA pointer 324, and an ETA band - the negotiation/prediction timeline 404- extending from an ETA earliest 326, and ETA latest 316 ).
  • the time error is also included with the RTA status 310 (the time error being a difference between the input RTA provided by the pilot and the ETA that has been calculated by the system 10 ), a RTA status timeline 402 (as described in connection with FIGS.
  • Unreliable condition 1106 feedback may be presented on the user interface 20 as shown in FIG. 8 , 802, as an alphanumeric message with other viewing areas zeroed out.
  • the system 10 determines that an unreliable condition has occurred when it determines that the aircraft cannot meet, based on aircraft performance data or environmental (weather) data, the 95% confidence interval to meet the RTA. Additional mission feedback 1108 may be presented.
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 retrieves from the information datastore 14 precalculated data, such as a precalculated ETA minimum data, precalculated ETA maximum data, and a precalculated optimal RTA value for a given point on the flight path that is near or associated with the waypoint 210.
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 data may then interpolate the precalculated data based on the RTA tolerance 1020 and a waypoint distance offset.
  • the RTA tolerance may be plus or minus ten seconds.
  • simple linear interpolation or any other suitable interpolation procedure may be performed on the precalculated data considering internal segmentation of the flight plan related data in the information datastore 14.
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 data manager module may therefrom generate the critical data for the RTA constraint based on the results of the interpolation.
  • the RTA constraint controller 16 data manager module may similarly access the information datastore 14 for the fuel impact, the ETE values, the flown distance impact, and the other values as described above.
  • method 1200 may be implemented by a processor-executable method 1200.
  • the following description of method 1200 may refer to elements mentioned above in connection with FIGS. 1-11 .
  • portions of method 1200 may be performed by different components of the described system.
  • method 1200 may include any number of additional or alternative tasks, the tasks shown in FIG. 12 need not be performed in the illustrated order, and method 1200 may be incorporated into a more comprehensive procedure or method having additional functionality not described in detail herein.
  • one or more of the tasks shown in FIG. 6 could be omitted from an embodiment of the method 1200 as long as the intended overall functionality remains intact.
  • an initialization may be performed, the initialization may include loading instructions and the software program into a processor within the RTA controller 16, as well as loading predefined values into one or more datastore(s) 14.
  • an RTA constraint is received, it comprises a user selected waypoint (WPT) and a required time of arrival (RTA) at the WPT.
  • WPT user selected waypoint
  • RTA required time of arrival
  • precalculated times of arrival data are referenced for the WPT.
  • critical data for the RTA constraint is calculated.
  • the critical data calculation step 1206 include steps 1208-1212, described in connection with respective modules in FIG. 10 .
  • the RTA optimization is performed, at 1210 the real time calculations using aircraft specific performance data, environmental data, and the like, are performed.
  • the current trajectory is predicted for the aircraft.
  • the earliest and latest ETA are generated for the negotiation/prediction timeline 402, and at 1216, the speed targets to achieve the goal of the RTA are generated.
  • the suite of RTA constraint data 21 is displayed on the dialogue box 202.
  • Embodiments present information and results of the data calculations back to the pilot in a concise and informative manner to ease the workload of the crew in negotiating this critical constraint with ATCo, accepting the clearance and having confidence in the system that it will achieve the defined RTA constraint.
  • Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of a system or a component may employ various integrated circuit components, e.g., memory elements, digital signal processing elements, logic elements, look-up tables, or the like, which may carry out a variety of functions under the control of one or more microprocessors or other control devices.
  • integrated circuit components e.g., memory elements, digital signal processing elements, logic elements, look-up tables, or the like, which may carry out a variety of functions under the control of one or more microprocessors or other control devices.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • a processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
  • a software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may be integral to the processor.
  • the processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC.
  • the ASIC may reside in a user terminal.
  • the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
EP21177208.2A 2020-06-16 2021-06-01 Verfahren und systeme zur grafischen darstellung von eingeschränkten informationen der erforderlichen ankunftszeit (rta) Pending EP3926606A1 (de)

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IN202011025274 2020-06-16
US16/997,357 US11527164B2 (en) 2020-06-16 2020-08-19 Methods and systems for graphical representation of required time of arrival (RTA) constraint information

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1943571A1 (de) * 2005-10-31 2008-07-16 Honeywell International Inc. System und verfahren zum durchführen vierdimensionaler navigation
US7765061B1 (en) * 2006-05-18 2010-07-27 Rockwell Collins, Inc. Flight display system with enhanced temporal depiction of navigation information
EP2804066A1 (de) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-19 The Boeing Company Verfahren und System zur Flugzeugführung
US9047763B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-06-02 Honeywell International Inc. Methods and systems for representing time of arrival information on a cockpit display
US9829341B1 (en) * 2008-06-26 2017-11-28 Rockwell Collins, Inc. System and method for providing flight cues for the navigation function required time of arrival (RTA)
US20200168106A1 (en) * 2018-11-28 2020-05-28 The Boeing Company System and Method for Optimizing a Cruise Vertical Profile Subject to a Time-of-Arrival Constraint

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1943571A1 (de) * 2005-10-31 2008-07-16 Honeywell International Inc. System und verfahren zum durchführen vierdimensionaler navigation
US7765061B1 (en) * 2006-05-18 2010-07-27 Rockwell Collins, Inc. Flight display system with enhanced temporal depiction of navigation information
US9829341B1 (en) * 2008-06-26 2017-11-28 Rockwell Collins, Inc. System and method for providing flight cues for the navigation function required time of arrival (RTA)
US9047763B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-06-02 Honeywell International Inc. Methods and systems for representing time of arrival information on a cockpit display
EP2804066A1 (de) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-19 The Boeing Company Verfahren und System zur Flugzeugführung
US20200168106A1 (en) * 2018-11-28 2020-05-28 The Boeing Company System and Method for Optimizing a Cruise Vertical Profile Subject to a Time-of-Arrival Constraint

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