EP3921977A1 - Method and system for the computer-aided manufacturing of a three-dimensional part - Google Patents

Method and system for the computer-aided manufacturing of a three-dimensional part

Info

Publication number
EP3921977A1
EP3921977A1 EP20702826.7A EP20702826A EP3921977A1 EP 3921977 A1 EP3921977 A1 EP 3921977A1 EP 20702826 A EP20702826 A EP 20702826A EP 3921977 A1 EP3921977 A1 EP 3921977A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
manufacturing
remanufacturing
dimensional part
data
initial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20702826.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pérez PELAGE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Viaccess SAS
Original Assignee
Viaccess SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Viaccess SAS filed Critical Viaccess SAS
Publication of EP3921977A1 publication Critical patent/EP3921977A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
    • G05B19/4099—Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
    • G05B19/4063—Monitoring general control system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • G05B19/4188—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by CIM planning or realisation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
    • G06F18/20—Analysing
    • G06F18/24—Classification techniques
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G06Q30/018—Certifying business or products
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G06Q30/018—Certifying business or products
    • G06Q30/0185—Product, service or business identity fraud
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/04—Manufacturing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/12—Applying verification of the received information
    • H04L63/123—Applying verification of the received information received data contents, e.g. message integrity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3236—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions
    • H04L9/3239—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions involving non-keyed hash functions, e.g. modification detection codes [MDCs], MD5, SHA or RIPEMD
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3271—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using challenge-response
    • H04L9/3278—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using challenge-response using physically unclonable functions [PUF]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/32—Operator till task planning
    • G05B2219/32222—Fault, defect detection of origin of fault, defect of product
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/36—Nc in input of data, input key till input tape
    • G05B2219/36542—Cryptography, encrypt, access, authorize with key, code, password
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
    • G05B2219/49023—3-D printing, layer of powder, add drops of binder in layer, new powder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/30—Computing systems specially adapted for manufacturing

Definitions

  • TITLE Computer-aided three-dimensional part manufacturing process and system
  • the present invention relates to a method and system for computer-aided three-dimensional part manufacturing, and an associated computer-aided remanufacturing method and system.
  • the invention lies in the field of computer-aided manufacturing of three-dimensional parts, and in particular in the field of repairing or replacing such parts.
  • additive manufacturing for example 3D printing, which consists in manufacturing a part by depositing successive layers of one or more predetermined materials
  • subtractive manufacturing in which a three-dimensional part is manufactured by removing material from a block of material, for example by machining, plastic injection (or injection molding), or assembly.
  • the invention applies to all of these fields and methods.
  • the computer-aided manufacturing is carried out from a set of manufacturing data which comprises on the one hand a three-dimensional model obtained by computer-aided design and represented in a predetermined file format, and d on the other hand, parameters relating to the manufacturing process and device, parameters relating to the materials used, and configuration parameters of the device for manufacturing the part.
  • the manufacturing process refers to the technique used to form a layer of material. It may for example be selective laser melting, or “Selective Laser Melting” (SLM), in which a laser beam is directed towards a bed of powder previously deposited, or the projection of powder, or “Directed Energy Deposition” (DED ), in which a laser beam is directed towards a jet of material to melt it as it is deposited.
  • SLM Selective Laser Melting
  • DED Directed Energy Deposition
  • Other methods are known, and the invention applies to their contexts. For each of these processes, corresponding parameters have to be set.
  • Manufacturing data contributes to the final properties of the manufactured object, and therefore to compliance with specifications for the part to be manufactured. These data manufacturing are developed by the manufacturer of a three-dimensional part, and their development requires the implementation of specific technical expertise.
  • Computer-aided manufacturing also involves creating and storing a manufacturing record.
  • the latter contains data characteristic of the actual conditions of the manufacture of a part, obtained by sensors fitted to the manufacturing device.
  • the manufacturing report typically comprises a report per layer, which may for example contain a melting temperature, an evaluation of the homogeneity of the melting of the material used, and an image, obtained by means of thermal, acoustic or ultrasonic sensors, and an infrared camera.
  • a replacement part remanufactured by a maintenance agent separate from the manufacturer of the initial part, when such an agent has adequate manufacturing devices. These manufacturing devices, known as remanufacturing, are specifically constrained, and do not allow the maintenance agent to freely perform all of the configuration.
  • the maintenance agent is also not authorized to carry out, upstream or downstream, computer-aided manufacturing operations, such as constituting the pre-processing phases of a 3D model of a part to be manufactured, or finishing of a manufactured 3D part.
  • the maintenance agent is previously certified by the manufacturer.
  • a digital rights management system, or DRM for "Digital Rights Management" in English
  • an access control system of any other type can be used to control this authorization.
  • Such a maintenance agent can, for example, be located, advantageously, geographically close to the place of operation of the three-dimensional part to be replaced.
  • One of the objectives of the invention is to facilitate the repair or remanufacturing of three-dimensional parts by a maintenance agent other than the manufacturer.
  • the invention provides a method for the computer-aided manufacturing of a three-dimensional part by a manufacturing device, using at least one predetermined manufacturing material, and implementing a manufacturing data set comprising data relating to the manufacturing process. shape of the three-dimensional part and of the corresponding controls that can be used by the manufacturing device to implement a predetermined manufacturing process, data relating to the manufacturing materials and data relating to the device and the manufacturing process.
  • This process comprises, during or at the end of the manufacture of a three-dimensional part, steps of:
  • the method of the invention makes it possible to facilitate and automate a partial or complete remanufacturing of an initial three-dimensional part thanks to the inscription, on the surface or in the mass of the initial three-dimensional part, of a mark encoding refabrication information making it possible to remanufacture, by a maintenance agent other than the initial manufacturer, a three-dimensional part mechanically identical to the initial three-dimensional part.
  • the three-dimensional part manufacturing process according to the invention may have one or more of the characteristics below, taken independently or in any acceptable combination.
  • the calculation of remanufacturing information includes:
  • the calculation of a unique identifier of said three-dimensional part comprises the calculation of a physically non-clonable function of at least part of the three-dimensional part making it possible to obtain a value of a non-clonable physical characteristic of said at least part of the three-dimensional piece.
  • the calculation of a unique identifier further comprises applying a cryptographic function to said physical characteristic value to obtain the unique identifier.
  • the application of said cryptographic combination comprises: a concatenation of the data of all the manufacturing data, and an application of a cryptographic function with a secret key, the secret key used for said function being said unique identifier.
  • the method further includes a step of compressing at least part of the manufacturing data.
  • Marking is performed by printing a coded representation of said remanufacturing information.
  • At least a subset of the manufacturing data set is replaced with a network address of a file containing said subset of the manufacturing data set.
  • the invention relates to a process for complete or partial remanufacturing, by a remanufacturing device, of an initial marked three-dimensional part manufactured by a manufacturing process as briefly described above.
  • the remanufacturing process includes steps of:
  • the three-dimensional part remanufacturing process according to the invention may have one or more of the characteristics below, taken independently or in any acceptable combination.
  • the remanufacturing device has associated configuration parameters, and the remanufacturing process further comprises a step of validating that the configuration parameters of the remanufacturing device conform to all the manufacturing data obtained.
  • Obtaining a manufacturing data set of the initial three-dimensional part involves:
  • the calculation of a unique identifier of the initial three-dimensional part comprises a calculation of a physically unclonable function of at least a part of the three-dimensional part making it possible to obtain a non-clonable physical characteristic value of said at least part of the initial three-dimensional piece.
  • the cryptographic recombination comprises the application of a second cryptographic function with a secret key, associated with the cryptographic function with a secret key applied during the initial three-dimensional part, to the remanufacturing information obtained, the secret key used for said application being said. unique identifier, and applying a deconcatenation to the decryption result to obtain manufacturing data.
  • the invention relates to a system for manufacturing the computer-aided manufacturing of a three-dimensional part by a manufacturing device, using at least one predetermined manufacturing material, and implementing a manufacturing data set comprising data.
  • This system includes modules configured to implement, during or at the end of the manufacture of a three-dimensional part:
  • the invention relates to a remanufacturing system for complete or partial remanufacturing, by a remanufacturing device, of an initial marked three-dimensional part manufactured by a manufacturing system as briefly described above, comprising configured modules. to implement:
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates a three-dimensional part manufacturing and remanufacturing system according to one embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of the main steps of a three-dimensional part manufacturing process according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of steps of a variant of the three-dimensional part manufacturing process
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram of the main steps of a three-dimensional part remanufacturing process according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram of the main steps in implementing remanufacturing using manufacturing data extracted from a marked three-dimensional part.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a system for manufacturing and remanufacturing a three-dimensional part according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 1 comprises, in this embodiment, a first subsystem 2 for manufacturing a three-dimensional part marked with a remanufacturing mark, and a second subsystem 4 for remaking, complete or partial, of a three-dimensional part from a marked three-dimensional piece.
  • the first sub-system 2 and the second sub-system 4 are located in geographically distant locations and are operated in different environments by different business operators.
  • the first subsystem 2 is integrated into a manufacturing environment operated by a manufacturer and typically further comprising a methods office responsible for preprocessing operations of a 3D model of a part to be manufactured, and a workshop post-processing responsible for finishing operations of a manufactured part.
  • the second subsystem 4 is for example isolated in an environment operated by a maintenance agent of three-dimensional parts not authorized to perform some of the computer-aided manufacturing operations, in particular the phases of preprocessing a 3D model from one part to another. fabricate, or finish a 3D fabricated part.
  • the first subsystem 2 comprises a device 6 for manufacturing three-dimensional parts, for example a computer-aided additive manufacturing device such as a 3D printer.
  • the device 6 is controlled according to a set 8 of manufacturing data, and uses materials 10 to make a three-dimensional part P, reference 12 in FIG. 1.
  • the 8 manufacturing data set includes:
  • - data 8A relating to the shape of the part to be manufactured, for example a model defining the shape of the three-dimensional part to be manufactured and the corresponding commands that can be used by the manufacturing device to implement a predetermined manufacturing process
  • 8C data relating to the device and the manufacturing process in particular an identifier of the type of manufacturing device and configuration parameters of the manufacturing device.
  • the manufacturing data set 8 is stored in a predetermined format file.
  • the data 8A, 8B, 8C are stored in separate files.
  • the data 8A, 8B, 8C are compressed by applying a compression method, and stored in compressed form.
  • the compressed data is stored together with the uncompressed data.
  • the manufacturing data 8A, 8B, 8C are stored by the manufacturer on at least one non-volatile, computer-readable electronic recording medium, preferably on at least one server connected by a network to the manufacturing device, or to a computer configured to control the manufacturing device.
  • the data 8A comprises a three-dimensional model of the 3D part to be manufactured and corresponding commands which can be used by the manufacturing device to implement a predetermined manufacturing process.
  • Such a three-dimensional model is obtained in a known manner from a CAD model describing the geometry of the three-dimensional part to be manufactured, and from parameters of the manufacturing process, for example during a pre-processing phase in a design office.
  • the data 8A is in an exchange format, such as for example IGES (“Initial Graphics Exchange Specification”), STEP (“Standard for Exchange of ProducT Model Data”), STL (“Stereolitography”), AMF (“Additive Manufacturing File Format”) or 3MF (“3D Manufacturing Format”).
  • the data 8A are formed from an electronic address, for example a network address, for storing a file comprising the three-dimensional model of the part to be manufactured and the corresponding commands that can be used by the manufacturing device to put implementing a predetermined manufacturing process.
  • the data 8B relating to the materials of manufacture includes, for example, physical characteristics of the materials, for example nature (polymer or metal), particle size, humidity and oxidation rate, melting temperature.
  • the data 8B is formed from an electronic address, for example a network address, for storing a file comprising data relating to the materials of manufacture.
  • the data 8C relating to the device and to the manufacturing process comprise, for example, an identifier of the type of manufacturing device, an identifier of the manufacturing process, and configuration parameters of the manufacturing device, as well as parameters relating to the manufacturing process.
  • the configuration parameters are the parameters to be set for putting the device into operation, that is to say both physical parameters (eg physical characteristics of the laser rays), and environmental parameters (atmosphere , humidity, oxygen or radon level in the manufacturing chamber).
  • physical parameters eg physical characteristics of the laser rays
  • environmental parameters atmosphere , humidity, oxygen or radon level in the manufacturing chamber.
  • the data 8C also includes data relating to the manufacturing process, for example relating to the positioning of the part, to the support (s) to be used at the time of material deposition or to the laser strategy (scanning direction, etc. ) to be implemented for each layer to be manufactured.
  • the data 8C is formed of an electronic address, for example a network address, for storing a file comprising data relating to the device and to the manufacturing process.
  • the three-dimensional part 12 manufactured is analyzed by a module 14 for calculating the unique identifier 16, also called UID for “Unique IDentifier”, of the part 12.
  • the identifier 16 is obtained from a random physical characteristic. of the 3D part also called “Physically Unclonable Function” of the part. Such an identifier is intrinsically linked to the manufactured part.
  • the physically nonclonable function is an intrinsic nonclonable physical characteristic, for example of a physical irregularity of the workpiece surface observed at a predetermined level of detail, of an orientation of electromagnetic particles of the constituent material. part, or a distribution observable by spectrometry of the chemical molecules of the material constituting the part.
  • the module 14 in this case comprises an appropriate analysis device, for example a scanner, an electromagnetic radiation sensor, or a spectrometer.
  • the manufacturing of the part is modified to add such a random physical characteristic, for example by adding to a first manufacturing material, a second material having mechanical properties similar to those of the first material but comprising a random physical characteristic.
  • a piece of semiconductor material is inserted into the piece during its manufacture, and the physically non-clonable function is calculated from the conductivity of this piece of semiconductor. This, linked to thermal agitation, impurities or various types of defects, of the material of the piece of semiconductor, is indeed random.
  • the identifier UID is preferably calculated from the value of the physically unclonable function of the 3D part, for example by applying a hash or symmetric encryption function by block chaining, that is to say in CBC mode, for “Cipher Block Chaining”, or any other cryptographic function. This calculation makes it possible to protect the value of the part's physically non-cloning function in confidentiality, to endow the UID identifier with a predetermined length, and to disperse the UID identifiers of the 3D parts in their value space. As a variant, the UID identifier is taken equal to the value of the physically non-cloning function of the part.
  • the UID 16 obtained is supplied to a calculation module 18, configured to calculate information 20 of remanufacturing.
  • This module 18 also receives as input the set 8 of manufacturing data.
  • the calculation module 18 is implemented by a programmable electronic device, for example a computer, or an electronic device produced in the form of programmable logic components, such as an FPGA (standing for Field-Programmable Gâte Arra ⁇ ), or again in the form of dedicated integrated circuits, of the ASIC type (standing for Application-Specific Integrated Circuit).
  • This electronic device comprises in particular a central computing unit, or CPU, comprising one or more electronic processors, capable of executing computer program instructions when the electronic device is powered on.
  • the calculation module 18 is for example produced in the form of computer program code instructions.
  • the module 18 is a calculation module which performs, in one embodiment, a cryptographic combination of the UID identifier 16 and the manufacturing data 8.
  • This cryptographic combination is for example a cryptographic function parameterized by a secret key, also known as with a secret key, the key used being constituted by the identifier UID 16.
  • the manufacturing data 8A, 8B, 8C are concatenated into a character string, to which is then applied the cryptographic function parameterized by the identifier UID 16.
  • the character string is encrypted by an encryption algorithm symmetric with a secret key, the key used being constituted by the identifier UID 16.
  • the result of this operation is the remanufacturing information 20.
  • UID 16 and manufacturing data 8 are linked in remanufacturing information 20, so it is difficult to analyze the latter to derive the former.
  • the 3D part is then marked, using a marking module 22 implementing a predetermined marking method, with a mark encoding the remanufacturing information 20, hereinafter called remanufacturing mark, to obtain the 3D part 24 as output. marked with the refabrication mark.
  • the remanufacturing mark is for example the remanufacturing information 20 in alphanumeric format, or a QR-code encoding the remanufacturing information 20, or a bar code encoding the remanufacturing information 20, or any other representation of this information.
  • the marking module 22 thus calculates the remanufacturing mark then triggers or carries out the actual marking.
  • the actual marking is for example carried out by printing, on the surface of the 3D part.
  • the marking module 22 comprises printing means for this purpose.
  • the marking module 22 transmits the remanufacturing mark to the manufacturing device 6 which prints it.
  • the marking module 22 is adapted to cooperate with the manufacturing device 6 as soon as the 3D part 12 is partially manufactured.
  • the mark representing the remanufacturing information can be inserted or inscribed in the mass of the 3D part during manufacture, that is to say on an internal surface or in an internal volume of the part, exterior to its previously manufactured part.
  • the unique identifier calculation module 14 is applied to the partially manufactured 3D part. It is then planned to use a physical characteristic of the manufactured part of the three-dimensional part that it will be possible to extract also from the 3D part when it is completely manufactured.
  • the device 6 and the modules 14, 18 and 22 are organized according to any viable architecture of the subsystem 2.
  • the modules 14, 18 and 22 are integrated into the device 6, or in the same second device of the subsystem. 2.
  • the second subsystem 4 performs a remanufacturing of three-dimensional parts, mechanically identical to the three-dimensional parts manufactured by the manufacturer.
  • Two distinct parts even if they belong to the same series manufactured by the same manufacturer and are, from the point of view of the manufacturer and of the manufacturing process, identical in so far as they satisfy the same specifications, are in fact never exactly identical.
  • two parts of the same series of polished parts are also smooth as satisfying a same requirement, in terms, for example, of a maximum limit of surface irregularity. If, on the other hand, the observation of their surfaces is made at a higher level of precision, for example ten or a hundred times, that is to say at a level of precision not mastered by the manufacturer and the manufacturing process, then their irregularities are different, random and unpredictable before manufacture.
  • the second subsystem 4 receives as input an initial three-dimensional part 30, which may be partially worn or damaged, for remanufacturing of a mechanically identical three-dimensional part.
  • the subsystem 4 comprises a module 32 for calculating the unique identifier 34.
  • the module 32 is analogous to the module 14 forming part of the first subsystem 2 for manufacturing the part. It performs a calculation of the same physically non-clonable function of the part as that calculated by module 14, and, if necessary, a calculation unique identifier UID, similar to that performed by the module 14.
  • a UID identifier 34 is obtained.
  • the subsystem 4 comprises a mark reading module 36, adapted to read a mark inscribed on the surface or in the mass of the three-dimensional part by the marking module 22 of the first subsystem 2, and making it possible to decode the mark. remanufacturing and obtain the associated remanufacturing information.
  • the marking module 22 performs QR-code printing
  • the module 36 includes an optical reader and an image processing module making it possible to obtain remanufacturing information from the read and decoded QR-code.
  • the mark reading module 36 provides remanufacturing information obtained 38.
  • the unique identifier 34 and the remanufacturing information 38, obtained from the initial three-dimensional part, are supplied to a calculation module 40 which performs a cryptographic recombination of the unique identifier and the remanufacturing information, linked to the cryptographic combination operation performed by the calculation module 18, to obtain manufacturing data 42.
  • this cryptographic recombination is a cryptographic function with a secret key and associated with the cryptographic function applied by the module 18, the key used being the unique identifier 34.
  • the module 18 performs a concatenation of the data 8A, 8B, 8C and a symmetric encryption, by a chosen symmetric encryption algorithm, whose secret key is the UID 16, the module 40 performs the corresponding decryption, with the identifier UID 34 as a secret key. A decrypted character string is then obtained. The module 40 performs a deconcatenation to extract extracted manufacturing data, referenced 42A, 42B, 42C.
  • the uncompressed manufacturing data is obtained using the compressed manufacturing data which has been stored in association with it.
  • the manufacturing data 42A, 42B, 42C are then used to determine materials 44 to be used by a remanufacturing system 46, comprising a remanufacturing device 48, for example a 3D reprint printer.
  • the remanufacturing system 46 performs a compliance check of its set of configuration parameters with the obtained manufacturing data 42 before starting the actual remanufacturing, as explained in detail below with reference to FIG. 5, in order to ensure the remanufacturing of a three-dimensional part mechanically identical to the initial three-dimensional part.
  • the remanufacturing device 48 is analogous to the manufacturing device 6, but specifically constrained, and does not allow the maintenance agent to freely perform all of the configuration thereof.
  • the devices 46, and 48, and the modules 32, 36 and 40 are organized according to any viable architecture of the subsystem 4.
  • the modules 32, 36 and 40 are integrated into the same third device of the subsystem 4, external or internal to the device 46, and, in the latter case, external or internal to the device 48.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the main steps in the manufacture of a three-dimensional part marked according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the method comprises a step 50 of extracting, that is to say of calculating a value, of a non-clonable physical characteristic of the finished three-dimensional part or during manufacture, by calculation of a function that is not physically. clonable as described above with reference to Figure 1.
  • a unique identifier of the three-dimensional piece is obtained in step 52, for example by applying a cryptographic hash function, or any other cryptographic function, to the characteristic value obtained by calculating the physically non-clonable function. Any known hash function, for example SHA-1, can be used.
  • the unique identifier UID of the three-dimensional part is obtained.
  • step 52 is omitted, and the unique identifier of the part is the non-clonable physical characteristic value obtained during step 50.
  • a unique identifier of the three-dimensional part is obtained by incrementing a serial number and / or generating a hazard or a cryptographic key associated with the part.
  • a step 54 of receiving a set of manufacturing data (Data) is implemented.
  • the manufacturing data set contains data relating to the shape of the part to be manufactured and corresponding commands that can be used by the manufacturing device to implement a predetermined manufacturing process, data relating to the manufacturing materials. and data relating to the device and the manufacturing process.
  • the manufacturing data set is large, it is envisaged in this embodiment to apply a compression of at least a part of this data (step 56).
  • This compressed manufacturing data is concatenated in concatenation step 58.
  • the manufacturing data is first concatenated and then compressed.
  • the compressed manufacturing data is stored together with the uncompressed manufacturing data.
  • steps 50 and 52 can be performed after steps 54 to 58, or substantially in parallel with these steps.
  • step 58 a character string representative of the manufacturing data is obtained.
  • step 52 The unique identifier obtained in step 52 and the character string representative of the manufacturing data obtained in step 58 are provided at the input of step 60 of cryptographic combination.
  • a secret key symmetric encryption algorithm the key used being the unique identifier calculated in step 52, is implemented to obtain remanufacturing information.
  • Any known encryption algorithm for example AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), can be used in step 52.
  • AES Advanced Encryption Standard
  • a mark to be affixed to the surface or to be inserted into the mass of the three-dimensional part is generated in step 62, from the remanufacturing information.
  • the mark is then inscribed on the surface or in the mass of the three-dimensional part (step 64) by a predetermined marking method.
  • QR-Code which is a matrix of black and white pixels for encoding remanufacturing information is created.
  • This QR-code is then printed on a surface of the part, internal or external, or in a volume of the part, at the marking step 64.
  • the three-dimensional part marked with a mark encoding the remanufacturing information is then obtained. .
  • Steps 52 to 62 are preferably implemented in the form of software code executable by a computer.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the main steps of a variant of the manufacture of a marked three-dimensional part.
  • step 54 a set of manufacturing data is received.
  • These data are for example presented in one or more files, having a predetermined file format.
  • step 66 the file or files containing the manufacturing data are stored in a storage unit, local or remote.
  • An address of the storage unit for example a network address of the storage unit, allowing access to the file (s) storing the manufacturing data, is obtained in step 68.
  • the network address allowing access to the manufacturing data is the character string provided at the input of the cryptographic combination step 60.
  • Figure 4 is a block diagram of the main steps of a process for remanufacturing, complete or partial, of a three-dimensional part from a three-dimensional part marked during its manufacture described above.
  • FIG. 4 corresponds to the first embodiment of the production described above with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the method comprises a first step 70 of receiving the marked initial three-dimensional part, to be repaired (partial remanufacturing) or to be remanufactured (complete remanufacturing).
  • the mark reading step implements a reading method suitable for reading a mark inscribed on the surface or in the mass of the three-dimensional part by the marking method implemented in the marking step 64.
  • the marking step 64 implements a QR-code printing
  • the step 72 implements a reading by scanner of QR-code, and an extraction of a character string by image processing. applied to the read QR-code.
  • Step 74 is followed by a step 76 for obtaining a unique identifier of the part received, similar to step 52 described above.
  • Steps 74 and 76 can be implemented before steps 70 and 72, or substantially in parallel.
  • a cryptographic recombination step 78 associated with the combination carried out during step 60 is then implemented, from the unique identifier obtained and the character string obtained in step 72.
  • the cryptographic recombination consists in applying the decryption algorithm for decrypting data encrypted by the encryption algorithm implemented in step 60, using the unique identifier obtained as a secret key.
  • step 78 of cryptographic recombination remanufacturing information extracted from the part is obtained.
  • the remanufacturing information corresponds to manufacturing data compressed and concatenated during manufacture.
  • the recombination step 78 is followed by a deconcatenation step 80, then, when the manufacturing data has been compressed during a step 56, by a step 82 for obtaining the uncompressed manufacturing data, by decompression or from the manufacturer using the compressed manufacturing data that it had recorded in association with the uncompressed manufacturing data, depending on whether the compression was performed without or with loss of information, respectively.
  • Manufacturing data, extracted from the marked initial three-dimensional part, is then obtained at the output of step 82, and stored temporarily during memorization step 84, for the implementation of the actual remanufacturing.
  • the manufacturing data obtained are only stored for the implementation of the remanufacturing, so as to avoid any subsequent re-use by the maintenance agent.
  • the character string obtained at the end of step 78 comprises at least one network address of a at least part of the manufacturing data.
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram of the main steps in carrying out a remanufacturing using manufacturing data obtained from an initial three-dimensional part marked according to a method as described above.
  • the remanufacturing method comprises a first step 100 of receiving the manufacturing data obtained by the method described with reference to FIG. 4.
  • a step 102 an indication relating to the type of manufacturing device is extracted from the manufacturing data, and a remanufacturing device of the indicated type is selected in step 104.
  • a set of configuration parameters of the processing device. remanufacturing is obtained during step 104.
  • the selection of a remanufacturing device is omitted.
  • step 106 manufacturing data relating to the configuration of the manufacturing device is extracted from the manufacturing data obtained in step 100.
  • a test of compliance of the set of configuration parameters of the remanufacturing device with the manufacturing data relating to the configuration of the manufacturing device obtained in step 106 is carried out in step 108, and the result of this test of conformity, indicating a conformity or a non-conformity, is transmitted to a step 1 16 described below.
  • Compliance is only diagnosed at the end of testing step 108 if no basic non-compliance has been identified.
  • a step 110 for obtaining manufacturing data relating to the manufacturing materials is also implemented, for example substantially in parallel with step 102.
  • step 1 12 Materials identified in this way are obtained locally (step 1 12) by selection, and a conformity test between the properties of the materials obtained locally and the manufacturing data relating to the materials is carried out in step 1 14.
  • step 1 14 Analogously to the compliance test of step 108, the compliance test of step 1 14 transmits a result of compliance or non-compliance to step 1 16.
  • step 1 16 the results of the compliance tests are compiled, and in the event of a non-compliance, remanufacturing does not take place (stop step 1 18).
  • this avoids remanufacturing a part that does not comply with the specifications it is supposed to meet.
  • remanufacturing data the actual data from the remanufacturing subsystem, called remanufacturing data, is considered to conform to the manufacturing data obtained from the marked three-dimensional part, and step 1 16 is performed. followed by a step 120 of effective remanufacturing, in accordance with the manufacturing data obtained, of a new three-dimensional part mechanically identical to the marked three-dimensional part received.
  • step 120 implements remanufacturing of a three-dimensional part without marking.
  • step 120 implements a remanufacturing of a three-dimensional part with marking, that is to say implements the steps of the manufacturing process described above.
  • step 120 implements a partial remanufacturing, or, in other words, a repair of the initial three-dimensional part.
  • the initial three-dimensional part received at the input of the method, in step 70 described above is completed by a portion of the missing part.
  • the invention also applies in the case of subtractive manufacturing.
  • the marking performed in the marking step 64 is performed on an outer surface of the part.
  • the manufacturing device comprises in particular an injection mold of suitable format.
  • an injection mold is either obtained through a mold or mold type identifier included in the manufacturing data, or remanufactured according to the manufacturing data relating to the shape of the three-dimensional part.
  • the three-dimensional model of the part is used for this purpose.
  • the invention makes it possible to remanufacture a three-dimensional part from an initial three-dimensional part, the remanufactured three-dimensional part being mechanically identical to the initial three-dimensional part in new condition.
  • the invention makes it possible to facilitate the maintenance of three-dimensional parts.
  • the invention facilitates remanufacturing at the request of a manufacturer by a maintenance agent, and thus makes it possible to replace it with the stock management of spare parts.

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Abstract

The invention concerns a method and system for the computer-aided manufacturing (2) of a three-dimensional part by a manufacturing device, and an associated method and system for complete or partial remanufacturing (4), using at least one predetermined manufacturing material and using a set of manufacturing data. The manufacturing system (2) comprises modules (14, 18, 22, 6) configured to implement, during or at the end of the manufacturing of a three-dimensional part: - a calculation of a piece of remanufacturing information associated with the three-dimensional part and comprising or allowing access to the set of data for manufacturing said three-dimensional part, - an inscription on the surface or in the body of said three-dimensional part, by a predetermined marking method, of a remanufacturing mark coding said remanufacturing information. The remanufacturing system comprises modules (32, 36, 40, 46, 48) configured to implement a reading of the remanufacturing mark, obtaining a set of manufacturing data of the initial three dimensional part, and a full or partial remanufacturing of a three-dimensional part mechanically identical to the initial three-dimensional part.

Description

TITRE : Procédé et système de fabrication assistée par ordinateur de pièce tridimensionnelle TITLE: Computer-aided three-dimensional part manufacturing process and system
La présente invention concerne un procédé et un système de fabrication assistée par ordinateur de pièce tridimensionnelle, et un procédé et un système de refabrication assistée par ordinateur associés. The present invention relates to a method and system for computer-aided three-dimensional part manufacturing, and an associated computer-aided remanufacturing method and system.
L’invention se situe dans le domaine de la fabrication assistée par ordinateur de pièces tridimensionnelles, et en particulier dans le domaine de la réparation ou du remplacement de telles pièces. The invention lies in the field of computer-aided manufacturing of three-dimensional parts, and in particular in the field of repairing or replacing such parts.
Dans le domaine de la fabrication assistée par ordinateur il y a, d’une part, la fabrication additive, par exemple l’impression 3D, qui consiste à fabriquer une pièce par dépôt de couches successives d’un ou plusieurs matériaux prédéterminés, et d’autre part, la fabrication soustractive, dans laquelle une pièce tridimensionnelle est fabriquée par enlèvement de matière à partir d’un bloc de matériau, par exemple par usinage, injection plastique (ou moulage par injection), ou assemblage. L’invention s’applique à l’ensemble de ces domaines et procédés. In the field of computer-aided manufacturing there is, on the one hand, additive manufacturing, for example 3D printing, which consists in manufacturing a part by depositing successive layers of one or more predetermined materials, and on the other hand, subtractive manufacturing, in which a three-dimensional part is manufactured by removing material from a block of material, for example by machining, plastic injection (or injection molding), or assembly. The invention applies to all of these fields and methods.
Dans tous les cas de figure, la fabrication assistée par ordinateur est effectuée à partir d’un ensemble de données de fabrication qui comporte d’une part un modèle tridimensionnel obtenu par conception assistée par ordinateur et représenté dans un format de fichier prédéterminé, et d’autre part des paramètres relatifs au procédé et au dispositif de fabrication, des paramètres relatifs aux matériaux utilisés, et des paramètres de configuration du dispositif de fabrication de la pièce. In all cases, the computer-aided manufacturing is carried out from a set of manufacturing data which comprises on the one hand a three-dimensional model obtained by computer-aided design and represented in a predetermined file format, and d on the other hand, parameters relating to the manufacturing process and device, parameters relating to the materials used, and configuration parameters of the device for manufacturing the part.
Dans le cas de la fabrication additive, et plus précisément de l’impression 3D, le procédé de fabrication désigne la technique utilisée pour la formation d’une couche de matière. Il peut par exemple être la fusion sélective par laser, ou « Sélective Laser Melting » (SLM), dans laquelle un faisceau laser est dirigé vers un lit de poudre préalablement déposé, ou la projection de poudre, ou « Directed Energy Déposition » (DED), dans lequel un faisceau laser est dirigé vers un jet de matière pour la fondre au fur et à mesure de son dépôt. D’autres procédés sont connus, et l’invention s’applique dans leurs contextes. Pour chacun de ces procédés, des paramètres correspondants sont à fixer. In the case of additive manufacturing, and more specifically 3D printing, the manufacturing process refers to the technique used to form a layer of material. It may for example be selective laser melting, or “Selective Laser Melting” (SLM), in which a laser beam is directed towards a bed of powder previously deposited, or the projection of powder, or “Directed Energy Deposition” (DED ), in which a laser beam is directed towards a jet of material to melt it as it is deposited. Other methods are known, and the invention applies to their contexts. For each of these processes, corresponding parameters have to be set.
Les données de fabrication contribuent aux propriétés finales de l’objet fabriqué, et donc au respect d’un cahier des charges de la pièce à fabriquer. Ces données de fabrication sont mises au point par le fabricant d’une pièce tridimensionnelle, et leur mise au point nécessite la mise en oeuvre d’expertises techniques spécifiques. Manufacturing data contributes to the final properties of the manufactured object, and therefore to compliance with specifications for the part to be manufactured. These data manufacturing are developed by the manufacturer of a three-dimensional part, and their development requires the implementation of specific technical expertise.
La fabrication assistée par ordinateur comporte également l’établissement et la mémorisation d’un compte-rendu de fabrication. Ce dernier contient des données caractéristiques des conditions effectives de la fabrication d’une pièce, obtenues par des capteurs équipant le dispositif de fabrication. Computer-aided manufacturing also involves creating and storing a manufacturing record. The latter contains data characteristic of the actual conditions of the manufacture of a part, obtained by sensors fitted to the manufacturing device.
Dans le cas de la fabrication additive, le compte-rendu de fabrication comporte typiquement un compte-rendu par couche, qui peut par exemple contenir une température de fusion, une évaluation de l’homogénéité de la fusion du matériau utilisé, et une image, obtenues au moyen de capteurs thermiques, acoustiques ou à ultrasons, et d’une caméra infrarouge. In the case of additive manufacturing, the manufacturing report typically comprises a report per layer, which may for example contain a melting temperature, an evaluation of the homogeneity of the melting of the material used, and an image, obtained by means of thermal, acoustic or ultrasonic sensors, and an infrared camera.
Dans divers scénarios pratiques, par exemple en cas d’usure partielle ou d’endommagement d’une pièce tridimensionnelle, un exploitant de la pièce, généralement différent du fabricant, a besoin de remplacer la pièce existante. In various practical scenarios, such as partial wear or damage to a three-dimensional part, an operator of the part, usually different from the manufacturer, needs to replace the existing part.
Pour ce faire, une solution classique consiste à faire une demande auprès du fabricant de la pièce initiale, qui est à même de refabriquer et de renvoyer une pièce de remplacement. Alternativement, de manière classique, il est également connu de gérer un stock de pièces de remplacement. Ces deux solutions classiques présentent des inconvénients, en termes de délais de fabrication ou de difficulté à gérer des stocks importants de pièces de remplacement. To do this, a classic solution is to make a request to the manufacturer of the original part, who is able to remanufacture and return a replacement part. Alternatively, conventionally, it is also known practice to manage a stock of replacement parts. These two conventional solutions have drawbacks, in terms of manufacturing times or of difficulty in managing large stocks of replacement parts.
Alternativement, il est possible de faire refabriquer une pièce de remplacement, par un agent de maintenance, distinct du fabricant de la pièce initiale, lorsqu’un tel agent possède des dispositifs de fabrication adéquats. Ces dispositifs de fabrication, dits de refabrication, sont spécifiquement contraints, et ne permettent pas à l’agent de maintenance d’en réaliser librement l’ensemble du paramétrage. L’agent de maintenance n’est par ailleurs pas habilité à réaliser, en amont ou en aval, des opérations de fabrication assistée par ordinateur, telles notamment que constituant les phases de prétraitement d’un modèle 3D d’une pièce à fabriquer, ou de finition d’une pièce 3D fabriquée. L’agent de maintenance est préalablement certifié par le fabricant. Un système de gestion de droits numériques, ou DRM (pour « Digital Rights Management » en anglais), ou un système de contrôle d’accès de tout autre type, peut être utilisé pour contrôler cette habilitation. Un tel agent de maintenance peut par exemple se situer, avantageusement, à proximité géographique du lieu d’exploitation de la pièce tridimensionnelle à remplacer. Alternatively, it is possible to have a replacement part remanufactured by a maintenance agent, separate from the manufacturer of the initial part, when such an agent has adequate manufacturing devices. These manufacturing devices, known as remanufacturing, are specifically constrained, and do not allow the maintenance agent to freely perform all of the configuration. The maintenance agent is also not authorized to carry out, upstream or downstream, computer-aided manufacturing operations, such as constituting the pre-processing phases of a 3D model of a part to be manufactured, or finishing of a manufactured 3D part. The maintenance agent is previously certified by the manufacturer. A digital rights management system, or DRM (for "Digital Rights Management" in English), or an access control system of any other type, can be used to control this authorization. Such a maintenance agent can, for example, be located, advantageously, geographically close to the place of operation of the three-dimensional part to be replaced.
Un des objectifs de l’invention est de faciliter la réparation ou la refabrication de pièces tridimensionnelles par un agent de maintenance différent du fabricant. A cet effet, l’invention propose un procédé de fabrication assistée par ordinateur de pièce tridimensionnelle par un dispositif de fabrication, en utilisant au moins un matériau de fabrication prédéterminé, et mettant en oeuvre un ensemble de données de fabrication comprenant des données relatives à la forme de la pièce tridimensionnelle et des commandes correspondantes exploitables par le dispositif de fabrication pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé de fabrication prédéterminé, des données relatives aux matériaux de fabrication et des données relatives au dispositif et au procédé de fabrication. Ce procédé comporte, en cours ou en fin de fabrication d’une pièce tridimensionnelle, des étapes de : One of the objectives of the invention is to facilitate the repair or remanufacturing of three-dimensional parts by a maintenance agent other than the manufacturer. To this end, the invention provides a method for the computer-aided manufacturing of a three-dimensional part by a manufacturing device, using at least one predetermined manufacturing material, and implementing a manufacturing data set comprising data relating to the manufacturing process. shape of the three-dimensional part and of the corresponding controls that can be used by the manufacturing device to implement a predetermined manufacturing process, data relating to the manufacturing materials and data relating to the device and the manufacturing process. This process comprises, during or at the end of the manufacture of a three-dimensional part, steps of:
-calcul d’une information de refabrication, associée à ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, et comportant ou permettant d’accéder à l’ensemble des données de fabrication de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, -calculation of remanufacturing information, associated with said three-dimensional part, and comprising or allowing access to all the manufacturing data of said three-dimensional part,
-inscription en surface ou dans la masse de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, par une méthode de marquage prédéterminée, d’une marque de refabrication codant ladite information de refabrication. - inscription on the surface or in the mass of said three-dimensional part, by a predetermined marking method, of a remanufacturing mark encoding said remanufacturing information.
Avantageusement, le procédé de l’invention permet de faciliter et d’automatiser une refabrication partielle ou complète d’une pièce tridimensionnelle initiale grâce à l’inscription, sur la surface ou dans la masse de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale, d’une marque codant une information de refabrication permettant de refabriquer, par un agent de maintenance différent du fabricant initial, une pièce tridimensionnelle mécaniquement identique à la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale. Advantageously, the method of the invention makes it possible to facilitate and automate a partial or complete remanufacturing of an initial three-dimensional part thanks to the inscription, on the surface or in the mass of the initial three-dimensional part, of a mark encoding refabrication information making it possible to remanufacture, by a maintenance agent other than the initial manufacturer, a three-dimensional part mechanically identical to the initial three-dimensional part.
Le procédé de fabrication de pièce tridimensionnelle selon l’invention peut présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques ci-dessous, prises indépendamment ou selon toutes les combinaisons acceptables. The three-dimensional part manufacturing process according to the invention may have one or more of the characteristics below, taken independently or in any acceptable combination.
Le calcul d’une information de refabrication comporte : The calculation of remanufacturing information includes:
-un calcul d’un identifiant unique de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, et -a calculation of a unique identifier of said three-dimensional part, and
-une application d’une combinaison cryptographique combinant l’identifiant unique de la pièce et des données de l’ensemble des données de fabrication. -an application of a cryptographic combination combining the unique identifier of the part and data from all manufacturing data.
Le calcul d’un identifiant unique de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle comprend le calcul d’une fonction physiquement non clonable d’au moins une partie de la pièce tridimensionnelle permettant d’obtenir une valeur d’une caractéristique physique non clonable de ladite au moins une partie de la pièce tridimensionnelle. The calculation of a unique identifier of said three-dimensional part comprises the calculation of a physically non-clonable function of at least part of the three-dimensional part making it possible to obtain a value of a non-clonable physical characteristic of said at least part of the three-dimensional piece.
Le calcul d’un identifiant unique comprend en outre l’application d’une fonction cryptographique à ladite valeur de caractéristique physique pour obtenir l’identifiant unique. L’application de ladite combinaison cryptographique comporte : une concaténation des données de l’ensemble des données de fabrication, et une application d’une fonction cryptographique à clé secrète, la clé secrète utilisée pour ladite fonction étant ledit identifiant unique. The calculation of a unique identifier further comprises applying a cryptographic function to said physical characteristic value to obtain the unique identifier. The application of said cryptographic combination comprises: a concatenation of the data of all the manufacturing data, and an application of a cryptographic function with a secret key, the secret key used for said function being said unique identifier.
Le procédé comporte en outre une étape de compression d’au moins une partie des données de fabrication. The method further includes a step of compressing at least part of the manufacturing data.
Le marquage est effectué par impression d’une représentation codée de ladite information de refabrication. Marking is performed by printing a coded representation of said remanufacturing information.
Au moins un sous-ensemble de l’ensemble des données de fabrication est remplacé par une adresse réseau d’un fichier contenant ledit sous-ensemble de l’ensemble des données de fabrication. At least a subset of the manufacturing data set is replaced with a network address of a file containing said subset of the manufacturing data set.
Selon un autre aspect, l’invention concerne un procédé de refabrication complète ou partielle, par un dispositif de refabrication, d’une pièce tridimensionnelle initiale marquée fabriquée par un procédé de fabrication tel que brièvement décrit ci-dessus. Le procédé de refabrication comporte des étapes de : According to another aspect, the invention relates to a process for complete or partial remanufacturing, by a remanufacturing device, of an initial marked three-dimensional part manufactured by a manufacturing process as briefly described above. The remanufacturing process includes steps of:
-lecture de la marque inscrite en surface ou dans la masse de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, -reading of the mark inscribed on the surface or in the mass of said three-dimensional part,
-obtention d’un ensemble de données de fabrication de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale à partir de l’information de refabrication obtenue, -obtaining a set of manufacturing data for the initial three-dimensional part from the remanufacturing information obtained,
-refabrication complète, par le dispositif de refabrication, d’une pièce tridimensionnelle mécaniquement identique à ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale ou refabrication partielle d’une partie de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale utilisant des données de l’ensemble de données de fabrication obtenues. -complete fabrication, by the remanufacturing device, of a three-dimensional part mechanically identical to said initial three-dimensional part or partial remanufacturing of part of said initial three-dimensional part using data from the set of manufacturing data obtained.
Le procédé de refabrication de pièce tridimensionnelle selon l’invention peut présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques ci-dessous, prises indépendamment ou selon toutes les combinaisons acceptables. The three-dimensional part remanufacturing process according to the invention may have one or more of the characteristics below, taken independently or in any acceptable combination.
Le dispositif de refabrication a des paramètres de configuration associés, et le procédé de refabrication comporte en outre une étape de validation de conformité des paramètres de configuration du dispositif de refabrication à l’ensemble des données de fabrication obtenues. The remanufacturing device has associated configuration parameters, and the remanufacturing process further comprises a step of validating that the configuration parameters of the remanufacturing device conform to all the manufacturing data obtained.
L’obtention d’un ensemble de données de fabrication de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale comporte : Obtaining a manufacturing data set of the initial three-dimensional part involves:
- un calcul d’un identifiant unique de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale, - a calculation of a unique identifier of said initial three-dimensional part,
- une application d’une recombinaison cryptographique combinant ledit identifiant unique et l’information de refabrication obtenue. Le calcul d’un identifiant unique de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale comporte un calcul d’une fonction physiquement non clonable d’au moins une partie de la pièce tridimensionnelle permettant d’obtenir une valeur de caractéristique physique non clonable de ladite au moins une partie de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale. an application of cryptographic recombination combining said unique identifier and the remanufacturing information obtained. The calculation of a unique identifier of the initial three-dimensional part comprises a calculation of a physically unclonable function of at least a part of the three-dimensional part making it possible to obtain a non-clonable physical characteristic value of said at least part of the initial three-dimensional piece.
La recombinaison cryptographique comporte l’application d’une deuxième fonction cryptographique à clé secrète, associée à la fonction cryptographique à clé secrète appliquée lors de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale, à l’information de refabrication obtenue, la clé secrète utilisée pour ladite application étant ledit identifiant unique, et l’application d’une dé-concaténation au résultat du déchiffrement pour obtenir des données de fabrication. Selon un autre aspect, l’invention concerne un système de fabrication de fabrication assistée par ordinateur de pièce tridimensionnelle par un dispositif de fabrication, en utilisant au moins un matériau de fabrication prédéterminé, et mettant en oeuvre un ensemble de données de fabrication comprenant des données relatives à la forme de la pièce tridimensionnelle et des commandes correspondantes exploitables par le dispositif de fabrication pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé de fabrication prédéterminé, des données relatives aux matériaux de fabrication et des données relatives au dispositif et au procédé de fabrication. Ce système comporte des modules configurés pour mettre en oeuvre, en cours ou en fin de fabrication d’une pièce tridimensionnelle: The cryptographic recombination comprises the application of a second cryptographic function with a secret key, associated with the cryptographic function with a secret key applied during the initial three-dimensional part, to the remanufacturing information obtained, the secret key used for said application being said. unique identifier, and applying a deconcatenation to the decryption result to obtain manufacturing data. According to another aspect, the invention relates to a system for manufacturing the computer-aided manufacturing of a three-dimensional part by a manufacturing device, using at least one predetermined manufacturing material, and implementing a manufacturing data set comprising data. relating to the shape of the three-dimensional part and the corresponding controls which can be used by the manufacturing device to implement a predetermined manufacturing process, data relating to the manufacturing materials and data relating to the device and the manufacturing process. This system includes modules configured to implement, during or at the end of the manufacture of a three-dimensional part:
- un calcul d’une information de refabrication, associée à ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, et comportant ou permettant d’accéder à l’ensemble des données de fabrication de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, - a calculation of remanufacturing information, associated with said three-dimensional part, and comprising or allowing access to all the manufacturing data of said three-dimensional part,
- une inscription en surface ou dans la masse de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, par une méthode de marquage prédéterminée, d’une marque de refabrication codant ladite information de refabrication. - an inscription on the surface or in the mass of said three-dimensional part, by a predetermined marking method, of a remanufacturing mark encoding said remanufacturing information.
Selon un autre aspect, l’invention concerne un système de refabrication de refabrication complète ou partielle, par un dispositif de refabrication, d’une pièce tridimensionnelle initiale marquée fabriquée par un système de fabrication tel que brièvement décrit ci-dessus, comportant des modules configurés pour mettre en oeuvre : According to another aspect, the invention relates to a remanufacturing system for complete or partial remanufacturing, by a remanufacturing device, of an initial marked three-dimensional part manufactured by a manufacturing system as briefly described above, comprising configured modules. to implement:
-une lecture de la marque inscrite en surface ou dans la masse de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale, a reading of the mark inscribed on the surface or in the mass of said initial three-dimensional part,
-une obtention d’un ensemble de données de fabrication de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale à partir de l’information de refabrication obtenue, - obtaining a set of manufacturing data for the initial three-dimensional part from the remanufacturing information obtained,
-une refabrication complète, par le dispositif de refabrication, d’une pièce tridimensionnelle mécaniquement identique à ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale ou refabrication partielle d’une partie de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale utilisant des données de l’ensemble de données de fabrication obtenues. -a complete remanufacturing, by the remanufacturing device, of a three-dimensional part mechanically identical to said initial three-dimensional part or partial remanufacturing of part of said initial three-dimensional part using data from the obtained manufacturing dataset.
D’autres caractéristiques et avantages de l’invention ressortiront de la description qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles : Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which is given below, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended figures, among which:
[Fig 1] la figure 1 illustre schématiquement un système de fabrication et de refabrication de pièce tridimensionnelle selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention ; [Fig 1] Figure 1 schematically illustrates a three-dimensional part manufacturing and remanufacturing system according to one embodiment of the invention;
[Fig 2] la figure 2 est un synoptique des principales étapes d’un procédé de fabrication de pièce tridimensionnelle selon un premier mode de réalisation de l’invention ; [Fig 2] Figure 2 is a block diagram of the main steps of a three-dimensional part manufacturing process according to a first embodiment of the invention;
[Fig 3] la figure 3 est un synoptique d’étapes d’une variante du procédé de fabrication de pièce tridimensionnelle ; [Fig 3] Figure 3 is a block diagram of steps of a variant of the three-dimensional part manufacturing process;
[Fig 4] la figure 4 est un synoptique des principales étapes d’un procédé de refabrication de pièce tridimensionnelle selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention ; [Fig 4] Figure 4 is a block diagram of the main steps of a three-dimensional part remanufacturing process according to one embodiment of the invention;
[Fig 5] la figure 5 est un synoptique des principales étapes de la mise en oeuvre d’une refabrication en utilisant des données de fabrication extraites d’une pièce tridimensionnelle marquée. [Fig 5] Figure 5 is a block diagram of the main steps in implementing remanufacturing using manufacturing data extracted from a marked three-dimensional part.
La figure 1 illustre schématiquement un système de fabrication et de refabrication de pièce tridimensionnelle selon un mode de réalisation de l’invention. FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a system for manufacturing and remanufacturing a three-dimensional part according to one embodiment of the invention.
Le système 1 comporte, dans ce mode de réalisation, un premier sous-système 2 de fabrication de pièce tridimensionnelle marquée avec une marque de refabrication, et un deuxième sous-système 4 de refabrication, complète ou partielle, de pièce tridimensionnelle à partir d’une pièce tridimensionnelle marquée. The system 1 comprises, in this embodiment, a first subsystem 2 for manufacturing a three-dimensional part marked with a remanufacturing mark, and a second subsystem 4 for remaking, complete or partial, of a three-dimensional part from a marked three-dimensional piece.
Dans un scénario d’application, le premier sous-système 2 et le deuxième sous- système 4 se situent dans des endroits distants géographiquement et sont exploités dans des environnements différents par des exploitants de métiers différents. In an application scenario, the first sub-system 2 and the second sub-system 4 are located in geographically distant locations and are operated in different environments by different business operators.
Par exemple, le premier sous-système 2 est intégré à un environnement de fabrication exploité par un fabricant et comportant en outre typiquement un bureau des méthodes chargé d’opérations de prétraitement d’un modèle 3D d’une pièce à fabriquer, et un atelier de post-traitement chargé d’opérations de finition d’une pièce fabriquée. Le deuxième sous-système 4 est par exemple isolé dans un environnement exploité par un agent de maintenance de pièces tridimensionnelles non habilité à réaliser certaines des opérations de fabrication assistée par ordinateur, notamment les phases de prétraitement d’un modèle 3D d’une pièce à fabriquer, ou de finition d’une pièce 3D fabriquée. Le premier sous-système 2 comprend un dispositif 6 de fabrication de pièces tridimensionnelles, par exemple un dispositif de fabrication additive assistée par ordinateur tel une imprimante 3D. For example, the first subsystem 2 is integrated into a manufacturing environment operated by a manufacturer and typically further comprising a methods office responsible for preprocessing operations of a 3D model of a part to be manufactured, and a workshop post-processing responsible for finishing operations of a manufactured part. The second subsystem 4 is for example isolated in an environment operated by a maintenance agent of three-dimensional parts not authorized to perform some of the computer-aided manufacturing operations, in particular the phases of preprocessing a 3D model from one part to another. fabricate, or finish a 3D fabricated part. The first subsystem 2 comprises a device 6 for manufacturing three-dimensional parts, for example a computer-aided additive manufacturing device such as a 3D printer.
Le dispositif 6 est contrôlé conformément à un ensemble 8 de données de fabrication, et utilise des matériaux 10 pour réaliser une pièce tridimensionnelle P, référence 12 sur la figure 1. The device 6 is controlled according to a set 8 of manufacturing data, and uses materials 10 to make a three-dimensional part P, reference 12 in FIG. 1.
L’ensemble 8 de données de fabrication comporte : The 8 manufacturing data set includes:
- des données 8A relatives à la forme de la pièce à fabriquer, par exemple un modèle définissant la forme de la pièce tridimensionnelle à fabriquer et des commandes correspondantes exploitables par le dispositif de fabrication pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé de fabrication prédéterminé, - data 8A relating to the shape of the part to be manufactured, for example a model defining the shape of the three-dimensional part to be manufactured and the corresponding commands that can be used by the manufacturing device to implement a predetermined manufacturing process,
- des données 8B relatives aux matériaux de fabrication, - 8B data relating to manufacturing materials,
- des données 8C relatives au dispositif et au procédé de fabrication, notamment un identifiant de type de dispositif de fabrication et des paramètres de configuration du dispositif de fabrication. 8C data relating to the device and the manufacturing process, in particular an identifier of the type of manufacturing device and configuration parameters of the manufacturing device.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l’ensemble 8 de données de fabrication est mémorisé dans un fichier de format prédéterminé. In one embodiment, the manufacturing data set 8 is stored in a predetermined format file.
Selon une variante, les données 8A, 8B, 8C sont mémorisées dans des fichiers séparés. According to a variant, the data 8A, 8B, 8C are stored in separate files.
Selon une autre variante, les données 8A, 8B, 8C sont compressées en appliquant une méthode de compression, et mémorisées sous forme compressée. According to another variant, the data 8A, 8B, 8C are compressed by applying a compression method, and stored in compressed form.
Lorsque la compression est réalisée avec perte d’information, les données compressées sont mémorisées en association avec les données non compressées. When compression is performed with loss of information, the compressed data is stored together with the uncompressed data.
Selon une autre variante, seule une partie des données 8A, 8B, 8C est compressée. According to another variant, only part of the data 8A, 8B, 8C is compressed.
Les données de fabrication 8A, 8B, 8C sont mémorisées par le fabricant sur au moins un support électronique d’enregistrement non volatile, lisible par ordinateur, de préférence sur au moins un serveur relié par un réseau au dispositif de fabrication, ou à un ordinateur configuré pour contrôler le dispositif de fabrication. The manufacturing data 8A, 8B, 8C are stored by the manufacturer on at least one non-volatile, computer-readable electronic recording medium, preferably on at least one server connected by a network to the manufacturing device, or to a computer configured to control the manufacturing device.
Dans un mode de réalisation, les données 8A comprennent un modèle tridimensionnel de la pièce 3D à fabriquer et des commandes correspondantes exploitables par le dispositif de fabrication pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé de fabrication prédéterminé. In one embodiment, the data 8A comprises a three-dimensional model of the 3D part to be manufactured and corresponding commands which can be used by the manufacturing device to implement a predetermined manufacturing process.
Elles comprennent notamment, dans le cas de la fabrication additive par couches, des commandes du dispositif de fabrication pour chaque couche de matière à déposer. Un tel modèle tridimensionnel est obtenu de façon connue à partir d’un modèle de CAO décrivant la géométrie de la pièce tridimensionnelle à fabriquer, et de paramètres du procédé de fabrication, par exemple lors d’une phase de prétraitement en bureau d’études. Par exemple, les données 8A sont dans un format d’échange, tel par exemple qu’IGES (« Initial Graphics Exchange Spécification »), STEP (« Standard for Exchange of ProducT Model Data »), STL (« Stereolitography »), AMF (« Additive Manufacturing File Format ») ou 3MF (« 3D Manufacturing Format »). They include in particular, in the case of additive manufacturing by layers, commands from the manufacturing device for each layer of material to be deposited. Such a three-dimensional model is obtained in a known manner from a CAD model describing the geometry of the three-dimensional part to be manufactured, and from parameters of the manufacturing process, for example during a pre-processing phase in a design office. For example, the data 8A is in an exchange format, such as for example IGES (“Initial Graphics Exchange Specification”), STEP (“Standard for Exchange of ProducT Model Data”), STL (“Stereolitography”), AMF (“Additive Manufacturing File Format”) or 3MF (“3D Manufacturing Format”).
Dans une variante de réalisation, les données 8A sont formées d’une adresse électronique, par exemple une adresse réseau, de stockage d’un fichier comprenant le modèle tridimensionnel de la pièce à fabriquer et les commandes correspondantes exploitables par le dispositif de fabrication pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé de fabrication prédéterminé. In an alternative embodiment, the data 8A are formed from an electronic address, for example a network address, for storing a file comprising the three-dimensional model of the part to be manufactured and the corresponding commands that can be used by the manufacturing device to put implementing a predetermined manufacturing process.
Les données 8B relatives aux matériaux de fabrication comprennent par exemple des caractéristiques physiques des matériaux, par exemple nature (polymère ou métal), granulométrie, taux d’humidité et d’oxydation, température de fusion. The data 8B relating to the materials of manufacture includes, for example, physical characteristics of the materials, for example nature (polymer or metal), particle size, humidity and oxidation rate, melting temperature.
Dans une variante de réalisation, les données 8B sont formées d’une adresse électronique, par exemple une adresse réseau, de stockage d’un fichier comprenant les données relatives aux matériaux de fabrication. In an alternative embodiment, the data 8B is formed from an electronic address, for example a network address, for storing a file comprising data relating to the materials of manufacture.
Les données 8C relatives au dispositif et au procédé de fabrication comprennent par exemple un identifiant de type de dispositif de fabrication, un identifiant de procédé de fabrication, et des paramètres de configuration du dispositif de fabrication, ainsi que des paramètres relatifs au procédé de fabrication. The data 8C relating to the device and to the manufacturing process comprise, for example, an identifier of the type of manufacturing device, an identifier of the manufacturing process, and configuration parameters of the manufacturing device, as well as parameters relating to the manufacturing process.
Par exemple, les paramètres de configuration sont les paramètres à fixer pour une mise en fonctionnement du dispositif, c’est-à-dire à la fois des paramètres physiques (e.g. caractéristiques physiques des rayons laser), et des paramètres d’environnement (atmosphère, humidité, taux d’oxygène ou de radon dans l’enceinte de fabrication). For example, the configuration parameters are the parameters to be set for putting the device into operation, that is to say both physical parameters (eg physical characteristics of the laser rays), and environmental parameters (atmosphere , humidity, oxygen or radon level in the manufacturing chamber).
Les données 8C comportent également des données relatives au procédé de fabrication, par exemple relatives au positionnement de la pièce, au(x) support(s) à utiliser au moment du dépôt de matière ou à la stratégie laser (sens de balayage, etc.) à mettre en oeuvre pour chaque couche à fabriquer. The data 8C also includes data relating to the manufacturing process, for example relating to the positioning of the part, to the support (s) to be used at the time of material deposition or to the laser strategy (scanning direction, etc. ) to be implemented for each layer to be manufactured.
Dans une variante de réalisation, les données 8C sont formées d’une adresse électronique, par exemple une adresse réseau, de stockage d’un fichier comprenant les données relatives au dispositif et au procédé de fabrication. In an alternative embodiment, the data 8C is formed of an electronic address, for example a network address, for storing a file comprising data relating to the device and to the manufacturing process.
La pièce tridimensionnelle 12 fabriquée est analysée par un module 14 de calcul d’identifiant unique 16, également appelé UID pour « Unique IDentifier », de la pièce 12. De préférence, l’identifiant 16 est obtenu à partir d’une caractéristique physique aléatoire de la pièce 3D également appelée « fonction physiquement non clonable » de la pièce (en anglais, « Physically Unclonable Function »). Un tel identifiant est intrinsèquement lié à la pièce fabriquée. The three-dimensional part 12 manufactured is analyzed by a module 14 for calculating the unique identifier 16, also called UID for “Unique IDentifier”, of the part 12. Preferably, the identifier 16 is obtained from a random physical characteristic. of the 3D part also called “Physically Unclonable Function” of the part. Such an identifier is intrinsically linked to the manufactured part.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la fonction physiquement non clonable est une caractéristique physique non clonable intrinsèque, par exemple d’une irrégularité physique de la surface de la pièce observée à un niveau de détail prédéterminé, d’une orientation de particules électromagnétiques du matériau constituant la pièce, ou d’une répartition observable par spectrométrie des molécules chimiques du matériau constituant la pièce. La fonction physiquement non clonable n’étant pas maîtrisée par le fabricant, elle est imprévisible pour toute nouvelle pièce à fabriquer. Le fabricant ne peut donc pas fabriquer une pièce identique sous cet aspect, ni donc exactement identique, à une première pièce donnée, c’est-à-dire cloner cette première pièce. Le module 14 comprend dans ce cas un dispositif d’analyse approprié, par exemple un scanner, un capteur de rayonnement électromagnétique, ou un spectromètre. In one embodiment, the physically nonclonable function is an intrinsic nonclonable physical characteristic, for example of a physical irregularity of the workpiece surface observed at a predetermined level of detail, of an orientation of electromagnetic particles of the constituent material. part, or a distribution observable by spectrometry of the chemical molecules of the material constituting the part. As the physically non-cloning function is not mastered by the manufacturer, it is unpredictable for any new part to be manufactured. The manufacturer cannot therefore manufacture an identical part in this aspect, nor therefore exactly identical, to a first given part, that is to say clone this first part. The module 14 in this case comprises an appropriate analysis device, for example a scanner, an electromagnetic radiation sensor, or a spectrometer.
Dans une variante de réalisation, lors d’une fabrication additive ou par injection plastique, la fabrication de la pièce est modifiée pour ajouter une telle caractéristique physique aléatoire, par exemple par ajout à un premier matériau de fabrication, d’un deuxième matériau ayant des propriétés mécaniques analogues à celles du premier matériau mais comportant une caractéristique physique aléatoire. In an alternative embodiment, during additive manufacturing or by plastic injection, the manufacturing of the part is modified to add such a random physical characteristic, for example by adding to a first manufacturing material, a second material having mechanical properties similar to those of the first material but comprising a random physical characteristic.
Selon une autre variante, un morceau de matériau semi-conducteur est inséré dans la pièce lors de sa fabrication, et la fonction physiquement non clonable est calculée à partir de la conductivité de ce morceau de semi-conducteur. Celle-ci, liée à l’agitation thermique, à des impuretés ou à différents types de défauts, de la matière du morceau de semi-conducteur, est en effet aléatoire. According to another variant, a piece of semiconductor material is inserted into the piece during its manufacture, and the physically non-clonable function is calculated from the conductivity of this piece of semiconductor. This, linked to thermal agitation, impurities or various types of defects, of the material of the piece of semiconductor, is indeed random.
L’identifiant UID est de préférence calculé à partir de la valeur de la fonction physiquement non clonable de la pièce 3D, par exemple par application d’une fonction de hachage ou de chiffrement symétrique par chaînage de bloc, c’est-à-dire en mode CBC, pour « Cipher Block Chaining », ou toute autre fonction cryptographique. Ce calcul permet de protéger en confidentialité la valeur de la fonction physiquement non clonable de la pièce, de doter l’identifiant UID d’une longueur prédéterminée, et de disperser les identifiants UID des pièces 3D dans leur espace de valeurs. En variante, l’identifiant UID est pris égal à la valeur de la fonction physiquement non clonable de la pièce. The identifier UID is preferably calculated from the value of the physically unclonable function of the 3D part, for example by applying a hash or symmetric encryption function by block chaining, that is to say in CBC mode, for “Cipher Block Chaining”, or any other cryptographic function. This calculation makes it possible to protect the value of the part's physically non-cloning function in confidentiality, to endow the UID identifier with a predetermined length, and to disperse the UID identifiers of the 3D parts in their value space. As a variant, the UID identifier is taken equal to the value of the physically non-cloning function of the part.
L’UID 16 obtenu est fourni à un module 18 de calcul, configuré pour calculer une information 20 de refabrication. Ce module 18 reçoit également en entrée l’ensemble 8 de données de fabrication. Le module de calcul 18 est mis en oeuvre par un dispositif électronique programmable, par exemple un ordinateur, ou un dispositif électronique réalisé sous forme de composants logiques programmables, tel qu’un FPGA (de l’anglais Field- Programmable Gâte Arraÿ), ou encore sous forme de circuits intégrés dédiés, de type ASIC (de l’anglais Application-Specific Integrated Circuit). Ce dispositif électronique comporte notamment une unité centrale de calcul, ou CPU, comportant un ou plusieurs processeurs électroniques, apte à exécuter des instructions de programme informatique lorsque le dispositif électronique est mis sous tension. Le module de calcul 18 est par exemple réalisé sous forme d’instructions de code de programme informatique. The UID 16 obtained is supplied to a calculation module 18, configured to calculate information 20 of remanufacturing. This module 18 also receives as input the set 8 of manufacturing data. The calculation module 18 is implemented by a programmable electronic device, for example a computer, or an electronic device produced in the form of programmable logic components, such as an FPGA (standing for Field-Programmable Gâte Arraÿ), or again in the form of dedicated integrated circuits, of the ASIC type (standing for Application-Specific Integrated Circuit). This electronic device comprises in particular a central computing unit, or CPU, comprising one or more electronic processors, capable of executing computer program instructions when the electronic device is powered on. The calculation module 18 is for example produced in the form of computer program code instructions.
Le module 18 est un module de calcul qui effectue, dans un mode de réalisation, une combinaison cryptographique de l’identifiant UID 16 et des données de fabrication 8. Cette combinaison cryptographique est par exemple une fonction cryptographique paramétrée par une clé secrète, également dite à clé secrète, la clé utilisée étant constituée par l’identifiant UID 16. The module 18 is a calculation module which performs, in one embodiment, a cryptographic combination of the UID identifier 16 and the manufacturing data 8. This cryptographic combination is for example a cryptographic function parameterized by a secret key, also known as with a secret key, the key used being constituted by the identifier UID 16.
Par exemple, les données de fabrication 8A, 8B, 8C sont concaténées en une chaîne de caractères, à laquelle est ensuite appliquée la fonction cryptographique paramétrée par l’identifiant UID 16. Par exemple, la chaîne de caractères est chiffrée par un algorithme de chiffrement symétrique à clé secrète, la clé utilisée étant constituée par l’identifiant UID 16. Le résultat de cette opération est l’information 20 de refabrication. L’identifiant UID 16 et les données de fabrication 8 sont liées dans l’information 20 de refabrication, de sorte qu’il est difficile d’analyser cette dernière pour en déduire les premières. For example, the manufacturing data 8A, 8B, 8C are concatenated into a character string, to which is then applied the cryptographic function parameterized by the identifier UID 16. For example, the character string is encrypted by an encryption algorithm symmetric with a secret key, the key used being constituted by the identifier UID 16. The result of this operation is the remanufacturing information 20. UID 16 and manufacturing data 8 are linked in remanufacturing information 20, so it is difficult to analyze the latter to derive the former.
La pièce 3D est ensuite marquée, en utilisant un module de marquage 22 mettant en oeuvre une méthode de marquage prédéterminée, avec une marque codant l’information 20 de refabrication, appelée ci-après marque de refabrication, pour obtenir en sortie la pièce 3D 24 marquée avec la marque de refabrication. The 3D part is then marked, using a marking module 22 implementing a predetermined marking method, with a mark encoding the remanufacturing information 20, hereinafter called remanufacturing mark, to obtain the 3D part 24 as output. marked with the refabrication mark.
La marque de refabrication est par exemple l’information 20 de refabrication en format alphanumérique, ou un QR-code codant l’information 20 de refabrication, ou un code-barre codant l’information 20 de refabrication, ou toute autre représentation de cette information. Le module de marquage 22 calcule ainsi la marque de refabrication puis déclenche ou réalise le marquage effectif. The remanufacturing mark is for example the remanufacturing information 20 in alphanumeric format, or a QR-code encoding the remanufacturing information 20, or a bar code encoding the remanufacturing information 20, or any other representation of this information. . The marking module 22 thus calculates the remanufacturing mark then triggers or carries out the actual marking.
Le marquage effectif est par exemple effectué par impression, en surface de la pièce 3D. Dans ce cas, par exemple, le module de marquage 22 comprend à cet effet des moyens d’impression. Dans un autre exemple, lorsque la pièce est fabriquée par fabrication additive, le module de marquage 22 transmet la marque de refabrication au dispositif 6 de fabrication qui l’imprime. Selon une autre variante, lorsque la pièce est fabriquée par fabrication additive, le module de marquage 22 est adapté à coopérer avec le dispositif de fabrication 6 dès lors que la pièce 3D 12 est partiellement fabriquée. Dans cette variante, la marque représentative de l’information de refabrication peut être insérée ou inscrite dans la masse de la pièce 3D en cours de fabrication, c’est-à-dire sur une surface interne ou dans un volume interne de la pièce, extérieur à sa partie préalablement fabriquée. Il est à noter que dans ce cas, le module 14 de calcul d’identifiant unique est appliqué à la pièce 3D partiellement fabriquée. Il est alors prévu d’utiliser une caractéristique physique de la partie fabriquée de la pièce tridimensionnelle qu’il sera possible d’extraire également à partir de la pièce 3D lorsqu’elle sera complètement fabriquée. The actual marking is for example carried out by printing, on the surface of the 3D part. In this case, for example, the marking module 22 comprises printing means for this purpose. In another example, when the part is manufactured by additive manufacturing, the marking module 22 transmits the remanufacturing mark to the manufacturing device 6 which prints it. According to another variant, when the part is manufactured by additive manufacturing, the marking module 22 is adapted to cooperate with the manufacturing device 6 as soon as the 3D part 12 is partially manufactured. In this variant, the mark representing the remanufacturing information can be inserted or inscribed in the mass of the 3D part during manufacture, that is to say on an internal surface or in an internal volume of the part, exterior to its previously manufactured part. It should be noted that in this case, the unique identifier calculation module 14 is applied to the partially manufactured 3D part. It is then planned to use a physical characteristic of the manufactured part of the three-dimensional part that it will be possible to extract also from the 3D part when it is completely manufactured.
Le dispositif 6 et les modules 14, 18 et 22, sont organisés selon toute architecture viable du sous-système 2. Par exemple, les modules 14, 18 et 22 sont intégrés au dispositif 6, ou à un même deuxième dispositif du sous-système 2. The device 6 and the modules 14, 18 and 22 are organized according to any viable architecture of the subsystem 2. For example, the modules 14, 18 and 22 are integrated into the device 6, or in the same second device of the subsystem. 2.
Le deuxième sous-système 4 effectue une refabrication de pièces tridimensionnelles, mécaniquement identiques aux pièces tridimensionnelles fabriquées par le fabricant. The second subsystem 4 performs a remanufacturing of three-dimensional parts, mechanically identical to the three-dimensional parts manufactured by the manufacturer.
Le terme « mécaniquement identique » s’entend ici du point de vue du fabricant, du procédé de fabrication et du cahier des charges à satisfaire. The term "mechanically identical" is understood here from the point of view of the manufacturer, the manufacturing process and the specifications to be met.
Deux pièces distinctes, même si elles appartiennent à une même série fabriquée par un même fabricant et sont, du point de vue du fabricant et du procédé de fabrication, identiques en tant que satisfaisant à un même cahier des charges, ne sont en effet jamais exactement identiques. Par exemple, deux pièces d’une même série de pièces polies, sont également lisses en tant que satisfaisant à une même exigence, en termes, par exemple, d’une borne maximale d’irrégularité de surface. Si, par contre, l’observation de leurs surfaces est faite à un niveau de précision supérieur, par exemple dix ou cent fois, c’est-à-dire à un niveau de précision non maîtrisé par le fabricant et le procédé de fabrication, alors leurs irrégularités sont différentes, aléatoires et imprévisibles avant fabrication. Two distinct parts, even if they belong to the same series manufactured by the same manufacturer and are, from the point of view of the manufacturer and of the manufacturing process, identical in so far as they satisfy the same specifications, are in fact never exactly identical. For example, two parts of the same series of polished parts, are also smooth as satisfying a same requirement, in terms, for example, of a maximum limit of surface irregularity. If, on the other hand, the observation of their surfaces is made at a higher level of precision, for example ten or a hundred times, that is to say at a level of precision not mastered by the manufacturer and the manufacturing process, then their irregularities are different, random and unpredictable before manufacture.
Le deuxième sous-système 4 reçoit en entrée une pièce tridimensionnelle initiale 30, qui peut être partiellement usée ou endommagée, pour refabrication d’une pièce tridimensionnelle mécaniquement identique. The second subsystem 4 receives as input an initial three-dimensional part 30, which may be partially worn or damaged, for remanufacturing of a mechanically identical three-dimensional part.
Le sous-système 4 comprend un module 32 de calcul d’identifiant unique 34. Le module 32 est analogue au module 14 faisant partie du premier sous-système 2 de fabrication de la pièce. Il effectue un calcul de la même fonction physiquement non clonable de la pièce que celle calculée par le module 14, et, le cas échéant, un calcul d’identifiant unique UID, analogue à celui effectué par le module 14. Un identifiant UID 34 est obtenu. The subsystem 4 comprises a module 32 for calculating the unique identifier 34. The module 32 is analogous to the module 14 forming part of the first subsystem 2 for manufacturing the part. It performs a calculation of the same physically non-clonable function of the part as that calculated by module 14, and, if necessary, a calculation unique identifier UID, similar to that performed by the module 14. A UID identifier 34 is obtained.
Le sous-système 4 comporte un module 36 de lecture de marque, adapté à lire une marque inscrite en surface ou dans la masse de la pièce tridimensionnelle par le module de marquage 22 du premier sous-système 2, et permettant de décoder la marque de refabrication et d’obtenir l’information de refabrication associée. Par exemple, lorsque le module de marquage 22 effectue une impression de QR-code, le module 36 comporte un lecteur optique et un module de traitement d’image permettant d’obtenir une information de refabrication à partir du QR-code lu et décodé. Le module 36 de lecture de marque fournit une information de refabrication obtenue 38. The subsystem 4 comprises a mark reading module 36, adapted to read a mark inscribed on the surface or in the mass of the three-dimensional part by the marking module 22 of the first subsystem 2, and making it possible to decode the mark. remanufacturing and obtain the associated remanufacturing information. For example, when the marking module 22 performs QR-code printing, the module 36 includes an optical reader and an image processing module making it possible to obtain remanufacturing information from the read and decoded QR-code. The mark reading module 36 provides remanufacturing information obtained 38.
L’identifiant unique 34 et l’information de refabrication 38, obtenus à partir de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale, sont fournis à un module de calcul 40 qui effectue une recombinaison cryptographique de l’identifiant unique et de l’information de refabrication, liée à l’opération de combinaison cryptographique effectuée par le module de calcul 18, pour obtenir des données de fabrication 42. The unique identifier 34 and the remanufacturing information 38, obtained from the initial three-dimensional part, are supplied to a calculation module 40 which performs a cryptographic recombination of the unique identifier and the remanufacturing information, linked to the cryptographic combination operation performed by the calculation module 18, to obtain manufacturing data 42.
Par exemple, cette recombinaison cryptographique est une fonction cryptographique à clé secrète et associée à la fonction cryptographique appliquée par le module 18, la clé utilisée étant l’identifiant unique 34. For example, this cryptographic recombination is a cryptographic function with a secret key and associated with the cryptographic function applied by the module 18, the key used being the unique identifier 34.
Par exemple, si le module 18 effectue une concaténation des données 8A, 8B, 8C et un chiffrement symétrique, par un algorithme de chiffrement symétrique choisi, dont la clé secrète est l’identifiant UID 16, le module 40 effectue le déchiffrement correspondant, avec l’identifiant UID 34 comme clé secrète. Une chaîne de caractères déchiffrée est alors obtenue. Le module 40 effectue une dé-concaténation pour extraire des données de fabrication extraites, référencées 42A, 42B, 42C. For example, if the module 18 performs a concatenation of the data 8A, 8B, 8C and a symmetric encryption, by a chosen symmetric encryption algorithm, whose secret key is the UID 16, the module 40 performs the corresponding decryption, with the identifier UID 34 as a secret key. A decrypted character string is then obtained. The module 40 performs a deconcatenation to extract extracted manufacturing data, referenced 42A, 42B, 42C.
Dans le cas où les données de fabrication ont été compressées sans perte d’information, un algorithme de décompression correspondant est appliqué. In case the manufacturing data has been compressed without loss of information, a corresponding decompression algorithm is applied.
Dans le cas où les données de fabrication ont été compressées avec perte d’information, les données de fabrication non compressées sont obtenues à l’aide des données de fabrication compressées qui ont été mémorisées en association avec elles. In the case where the manufacturing data has been compressed with loss of information, the uncompressed manufacturing data is obtained using the compressed manufacturing data which has been stored in association with it.
Les données de fabrication 42A, 42B, 42C sont alors exploitées pour déterminer des matériaux 44 à utiliser par un système de refabrication 46, comportant un dispositif de refabrication 48, par exemple une imprimante 3D de réimpression. The manufacturing data 42A, 42B, 42C are then used to determine materials 44 to be used by a remanufacturing system 46, comprising a remanufacturing device 48, for example a 3D reprint printer.
Le système de refabrication 46 effectue une vérification de conformité de son ensemble de paramètres de configuration aux données de fabrication 42 obtenues avant de lancer la refabrication effective, comme expliqué en détail ci-après en référence à la figure 5, afin d’assurer la refabrication d’une pièce tridimensionnelle mécaniquement identique à la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale. The remanufacturing system 46 performs a compliance check of its set of configuration parameters with the obtained manufacturing data 42 before starting the actual remanufacturing, as explained in detail below with reference to FIG. 5, in order to ensure the remanufacturing of a three-dimensional part mechanically identical to the initial three-dimensional part.
En effet, de façon à éviter de possibles attaques contre le système de refabrication, il est utile d’assurer que les données authentiques et intègres de fabrication de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale sont obtenues, et également d’assurer que la refabrication effective est réalisée conformément à ces données de fabrication. Indeed, in order to avoid possible attacks against the remanufacturing system, it is useful to ensure that the authentic and correct manufacturing data of the initial three-dimensional part is obtained, and also to ensure that the actual remanufacturing is carried out in accordance with to these manufacturing data.
Dans un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de refabrication 48 est analogue au dispositif de fabrication 6, mais spécifiquement contraint, et ne permet pas à l’agent de maintenance d’en réaliser librement l’ensemble du paramétrage. In one embodiment, the remanufacturing device 48 is analogous to the manufacturing device 6, but specifically constrained, and does not allow the maintenance agent to freely perform all of the configuration thereof.
Les dispositifs 46, et 48, et les modules 32, 36 et 40 sont organisés selon toute architecture viable du sous-système 4. Par exemple, les modules 32, 36 et 40 sont intégrés à un même troisième dispositif du sous-système 4, externe ou interne au dispositif 46, et, dans ce dernier cas, externe ou interne au dispositif 48. The devices 46, and 48, and the modules 32, 36 and 40 are organized according to any viable architecture of the subsystem 4. For example, the modules 32, 36 and 40 are integrated into the same third device of the subsystem 4, external or internal to the device 46, and, in the latter case, external or internal to the device 48.
La figure 2 est un synoptique des principales étapes de fabrication de pièce tridimensionnelle marquée selon un premier mode de réalisation de l’invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the main steps in the manufacture of a three-dimensional part marked according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Le procédé comporte une étape 50 d’extraction, c’est-à-dire de calcul d’une valeur, d’une caractéristique physique non clonable de la pièce tridimensionnelle finie ou en cours de fabrication, par calcul d’une fonction physiquement non clonable comme décrit ci-dessus en référence à la figure 1. The method comprises a step 50 of extracting, that is to say of calculating a value, of a non-clonable physical characteristic of the finished three-dimensional part or during manufacture, by calculation of a function that is not physically. clonable as described above with reference to Figure 1.
Un identifiant unique de la pièce tridimensionnelle est obtenu à l’étape 52, par exemple par application d’une fonction cryptographique de hachage, ou toute autre fonction cryptographique, à la valeur de caractéristique obtenue par le calcul de la fonction physiquement non clonable. Toute fonction de hachage connue, par exemple SHA-1 , est utilisable. En sortie de l’étape 52 est obtenu l’identifiant unique UID de la pièce tridimensionnelle. A unique identifier of the three-dimensional piece is obtained in step 52, for example by applying a cryptographic hash function, or any other cryptographic function, to the characteristic value obtained by calculating the physically non-clonable function. Any known hash function, for example SHA-1, can be used. At the end of step 52, the unique identifier UID of the three-dimensional part is obtained.
Selon une variante, l’étape 52 est omise, et l’identifiant unique de la pièce est la valeur de caractéristique physique non clonable obtenue lors de l’étape 50. Alternatively, step 52 is omitted, and the unique identifier of the part is the non-clonable physical characteristic value obtained during step 50.
Selon une autre variante, un identifiant unique de la pièce tridimensionnelle est obtenu par incrémentation d’un numéro de série et/ou génération d’un aléa ou d’une clé cryptographique associé(e) à la pièce. According to another variant, a unique identifier of the three-dimensional part is obtained by incrementing a serial number and / or generating a hazard or a cryptographic key associated with the part.
Une étape 54 de réception d’un ensemble de données de fabrication (Data) est mise en oeuvre. Comme déjà expliqué, l’ensemble de données de fabrication contient des données relatives à la forme de la pièce à fabriquer et des commandes correspondantes exploitables par le dispositif de fabrication pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé de fabrication prédéterminé, des données relatives aux matériaux de fabrication et des données relatives au dispositif et au procédé de fabrication. Dans le cas où l’ensemble de données de fabrication est volumineux, il est envisagé dans ce mode de réalisation d’appliquer une compression d’au moins une partie de ces données (étape 56). A step 54 of receiving a set of manufacturing data (Data) is implemented. As already explained, the manufacturing data set contains data relating to the shape of the part to be manufactured and corresponding commands that can be used by the manufacturing device to implement a predetermined manufacturing process, data relating to the manufacturing materials. and data relating to the device and the manufacturing process. In the case where the manufacturing data set is large, it is envisaged in this embodiment to apply a compression of at least a part of this data (step 56).
Les données de fabrication en ce sens compressées sont concaténées à l’étape de concaténation 58. This compressed manufacturing data is concatenated in concatenation step 58.
Selon une variante, les données de fabrication sont d’abord concaténées, puis compressées. Alternatively, the manufacturing data is first concatenated and then compressed.
Dans le cas où une compression avec perte d’information est réalisée, les données de fabrication compressées sont mémorisées en association avec les données de fabrication non compressées. In the event that lossy compression is performed, the compressed manufacturing data is stored together with the uncompressed manufacturing data.
Il est également à noter que les étapes 50 et 52 peuvent être effectuées après les étapes 54 à 58, ou sensiblement en parallèle de ces étapes. It should also be noted that steps 50 and 52 can be performed after steps 54 to 58, or substantially in parallel with these steps.
A l’issue de l’étape 58 on obtient une chaîne de caractères représentative des données de fabrication. At the end of step 58, a character string representative of the manufacturing data is obtained.
L’identifiant unique obtenu à l’étape 52 et la chaîne de caractères représentative des données de fabrication obtenue à l’étape 58 sont fournies en entrée de l’étape 60 de combinaison cryptographique. The unique identifier obtained in step 52 and the character string representative of the manufacturing data obtained in step 58 are provided at the input of step 60 of cryptographic combination.
Par exemple, un algorithme de chiffrement symétrique à clé secrète, la clé utilisée étant l’identifiant unique calculé à l’étape 52, est mis en oeuvre pour obtenir une information de refabrication. For example, a secret key symmetric encryption algorithm, the key used being the unique identifier calculated in step 52, is implemented to obtain remanufacturing information.
Tout algorithme de chiffrement connu, par exemple AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), est utilisable à l’étape 52. Any known encryption algorithm, for example AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), can be used in step 52.
Une marque à apposer sur la surface ou à insérer dans la masse de la pièce tridimensionnelle est générée à l’étape 62, à partir de l’information de refabrication. La marque est ensuite inscrite en surface ou dans la masse de la pièce tridimensionnelle (étape 64) par une méthode de marquage prédéterminée. A mark to be affixed to the surface or to be inserted into the mass of the three-dimensional part is generated in step 62, from the remanufacturing information. The mark is then inscribed on the surface or in the mass of the three-dimensional part (step 64) by a predetermined marking method.
Par exemple, un QR-Code, qui est une matrice de pixels noirs et blancs permettant d’encoder l’information de refabrication est créé. For example, a QR-Code, which is a matrix of black and white pixels for encoding remanufacturing information is created.
Ce QR-code est ensuite imprimé sur une surface de la pièce, interne ou externe, ou dans un volume de la pièce, à l’étape de marquage 64. La pièce tridimensionnelle marquée avec une marque codant l’information de refabrication est alors obtenue. This QR-code is then printed on a surface of the part, internal or external, or in a volume of the part, at the marking step 64. The three-dimensional part marked with a mark encoding the remanufacturing information is then obtained. .
Les étapes 52 à 62 sont de préférence mises en oeuvre sous forme de code logiciel exécutable par un ordinateur. Steps 52 to 62 are preferably implemented in the form of software code executable by a computer.
L’étape de compression 56 est optionnelle, selon une variante les données de fabrication sont utilisées sans compression. La figure 3 est un synoptique des principales étapes d’une variante de la fabrication de pièce tridimensionnelle marquée. The compression step 56 is optional, according to a variant the manufacturing data is used without compression. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the main steps of a variant of the manufacture of a marked three-dimensional part.
Le mode de réalisation de la figure 3 diffère du mode de réalisation de la figure 2 par les étapes 56 et 58, qui sont remplacées par des étapes 66 et 68, les autres étapes restant inchangées. The embodiment of Figure 3 differs from the embodiment of Figure 2 by steps 56 and 58, which are replaced by steps 66 and 68, the other steps remaining unchanged.
Comme dans le premier mode de réalisation décrit en référence à la figure 2, à l’étape de réception 54 un ensemble de données de fabrication est reçu. As in the first embodiment described with reference to Figure 2, in receiving step 54 a set of manufacturing data is received.
Ces données sont par exemple présentées dans un ou plusieurs fichiers, ayant un format de fichier prédéterminé. These data are for example presented in one or more files, having a predetermined file format.
A l’étape 66 le ou les fichiers contenant les données de fabrication sont mémorisés dans une unité de stockage, locale ou distante. In step 66, the file or files containing the manufacturing data are stored in a storage unit, local or remote.
Une adresse de l’unité de stockage, par exemple un adresse réseau de l’unité de stockage, permettant d’accéder au(x) fichier(s) mémorisant les données de fabrication, est obtenue à l’étape 68. An address of the storage unit, for example a network address of the storage unit, allowing access to the file (s) storing the manufacturing data, is obtained in step 68.
Dans ce mode de réalisation, l’adresse réseau permettant d’accéder aux données de fabrication est la chaîne de caractères fournie en entrée de l’étape de combinaison cryptographique 60. In this embodiment, the network address allowing access to the manufacturing data is the character string provided at the input of the cryptographic combination step 60.
Les modes de réalisation décrits en référence aux figures 2 et 3 peuvent être combinés, c’est-à-dire mis en oeuvre au cours d’un même procédé de fabrication pour des parties distinctes des données de fabrication. The embodiments described with reference to Figures 2 and 3 can be combined, that is to say implemented in the same manufacturing process for separate parts of the manufacturing data.
La figure 4 est un synoptique des principales étapes d’un procédé de refabrication, complète ou partielle, de pièce tridimensionnelle à partir d’une pièce tridimensionnelle marquée lors de sa fabrication décrite ci-dessus. Figure 4 is a block diagram of the main steps of a process for remanufacturing, complete or partial, of a three-dimensional part from a three-dimensional part marked during its manufacture described above.
Le mode de réalisation de la figure 4 correspond au premier mode de réalisation de la fabrication décrite ci-dessus en référence à la figure 2. The embodiment of FIG. 4 corresponds to the first embodiment of the production described above with reference to FIG. 2.
Le procédé comprend une première étape 70 de réception de pièce tridimensionnelle initiale marquée, à réparer (refabrication partielle) ou à refabriquer (refabrication complète). The method comprises a first step 70 of receiving the marked initial three-dimensional part, to be repaired (partial remanufacturing) or to be remanufactured (complete remanufacturing).
Une lecture de marque 72 est ensuite appliquée. L’étape de lecture de marque met en oeuvre une méthode de lecture adaptée à lire une marque inscrite en surface ou dans la masse de la pièce tridimensionnelle par la méthode de marquage mise en oeuvre à l’étape de marquage 64. A mark reading 72 is then applied. The mark reading step implements a reading method suitable for reading a mark inscribed on the surface or in the mass of the three-dimensional part by the marking method implemented in the marking step 64.
Par exemple, lorsque l’étape de marquage 64 met en oeuvre une impression de QR-code, l’étape 72 met en oeuvre une lecture par scanner de QR-code, et une extraction d’une chaîne de caractères par traitement d’image appliqué au QR-code lu. Ensuite une étape 74 d’extraction d’une caractéristique physique non clonable de la pièce tridimensionnelle reçue, analogue à l’étape 50 décrite en référence à la figure 2, est mise en oeuvre. L’étape 74 est suivie d’une étape 76 d’obtention d’identifiant unique de la pièce reçue, analogue à l’étape 52 décrite ci-dessus. For example, when the marking step 64 implements a QR-code printing, the step 72 implements a reading by scanner of QR-code, and an extraction of a character string by image processing. applied to the read QR-code. Then a step 74 of extracting a non-clonable physical characteristic of the three-dimensional part received, analogous to step 50 described with reference to FIG. 2, is implemented. Step 74 is followed by a step 76 for obtaining a unique identifier of the part received, similar to step 52 described above.
Les étapes 74 et 76 peuvent être mises en oeuvre avant les étapes 70 et 72, ou sensiblement en parallèle. Steps 74 and 76 can be implemented before steps 70 and 72, or substantially in parallel.
Une étape de recombinaison cryptographique 78 associée à la combinaison réalisée lors de l’étape 60 est ensuite mise en oeuvre, à partir de l’identifiant unique obtenu et de la chaîne de caractères obtenue à l’étape 72. A cryptographic recombination step 78 associated with the combination carried out during step 60 is then implemented, from the unique identifier obtained and the character string obtained in step 72.
Dans ce mode de réalisation, la recombinaison cryptographique consiste à appliquer l’algorithme de déchiffrement permettant de déchiffrer des données chiffrées par l’algorithme de chiffrement mis en oeuvre à l’étape 60, en utilisant l’identifiant unique obtenu comme clé secrète. In this embodiment, the cryptographic recombination consists in applying the decryption algorithm for decrypting data encrypted by the encryption algorithm implemented in step 60, using the unique identifier obtained as a secret key.
A l’issue de l’étape 78 de recombinaison cryptographique est obtenue une information de refabrication extraite de la pièce. At the end of step 78 of cryptographic recombination, remanufacturing information extracted from the part is obtained.
Dans ce mode de réalisation, l’information de refabrication correspond à des données de fabrication compressées et concaténées lors de la fabrication. In this embodiment, the remanufacturing information corresponds to manufacturing data compressed and concatenated during manufacture.
L’étape 78 de recombinaison est suivie d’une étape 80 de dé-concaténation, puis, lorsque les données de fabrication ont été compressées lors d’une étape 56, d’une étape 82 d’obtention des données de fabrication non compressées, par décompression ou auprès du fabricant au moyen des données de fabrication compressées qu’il avait enregistrées en association avec les données de fabrication non compressées, selon que la compression avait été réalisée sans ou avec perte d’information, respectivement. The recombination step 78 is followed by a deconcatenation step 80, then, when the manufacturing data has been compressed during a step 56, by a step 82 for obtaining the uncompressed manufacturing data, by decompression or from the manufacturer using the compressed manufacturing data that it had recorded in association with the uncompressed manufacturing data, depending on whether the compression was performed without or with loss of information, respectively.
Des données de fabrication, extraites de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale marquée, sont alors obtenues en sortie de l’étape 82, et mémorisées temporairement lors de l’étape de mémorisation 84, pour mise en oeuvre de la refabrication effective. De préférence, les données de fabrication obtenues sont uniquement mémorisées pour la mise en oeuvre de la refabrication, de manière à éviter toute ré-utilisation ultérieure par l’agent de maintenance. Manufacturing data, extracted from the marked initial three-dimensional part, is then obtained at the output of step 82, and stored temporarily during memorization step 84, for the implementation of the actual remanufacturing. Preferably, the manufacturing data obtained are only stored for the implementation of the remanufacturing, so as to avoid any subsequent re-use by the maintenance agent.
Dans un deuxième mode de réalisation du procédé de refabrication, correspondant au mode de réalisation décrit ci-dessus en référence à la figure 3, la chaîne de caractères obtenue à l’issue de l’étape 78 comporte au moins une adresse réseau d’une partie au moins des données de fabrication. In a second embodiment of the remanufacturing process, corresponding to the embodiment described above with reference to FIG. 3, the character string obtained at the end of step 78 comprises at least one network address of a at least part of the manufacturing data.
Dans le procédé de refabrication décrit en référence à la figure 4, en cas d’erreur dans la lecture de la marque ou d’extraction de la pièce tridimensionnelle reçue d’une caractéristique physique non clonable différente de celle qui en avait été extraite lors de l’étape 50, les données de fabrication obtenues ne sont pas exploitables en tant que telles. Dans ce cas, la refabrication est interrompue. In the remanufacturing process described with reference to FIG. 4, in the event of an error in reading the mark or extraction of the three-dimensional part received from a non-clonable physical characteristic different from that which had been extracted from it during step 50, the manufacturing data obtained cannot be used as such. In this case, the remanufacturing is interrupted.
La figure 5 est un synoptique des principales étapes de la mise en oeuvre d’une refabrication en utilisant des données de fabrication obtenues à partir d’une pièce tridimensionnelle initiale marquée selon un procédé tel que décrit ci-dessus. Figure 5 is a block diagram of the main steps in carrying out a remanufacturing using manufacturing data obtained from an initial three-dimensional part marked according to a method as described above.
Dans ce mode de réalisation, le procédé de refabrication comporte une première étape 100 de réception des données de fabrication obtenues par le procédé décrit en référence à la figure 4. In this embodiment, the remanufacturing method comprises a first step 100 of receiving the manufacturing data obtained by the method described with reference to FIG. 4.
Lors d’une étape 102 une indication relative au type de dispositif de fabrication est extraite des données de fabrication, et un dispositif de refabrication du type indiqué est sélectionné à l’étape 104. De plus, un ensemble de paramètres de configuration du dispositif de refabrication est obtenu lors de l’étape 104. In a step 102 an indication relating to the type of manufacturing device is extracted from the manufacturing data, and a remanufacturing device of the indicated type is selected in step 104. In addition, a set of configuration parameters of the processing device. remanufacturing is obtained during step 104.
En variante, lorsque le sous-système de refabrication ne comporte qu’un seul dispositif de refabrication, la sélection d’un dispositif de refabrication est omise. Alternatively, when the remanufacturing subsystem has only one remanufacturing device, the selection of a remanufacturing device is omitted.
A l’étape 106 des données de fabrication relatives à la configuration du dispositif de fabrication sont extraites des données de fabrication obtenues à l’étape 100. In step 106, manufacturing data relating to the configuration of the manufacturing device is extracted from the manufacturing data obtained in step 100.
Un test de conformité de l’ensemble de paramètres de configuration du dispositif de refabrication aux données de fabrication relatives à la configuration du dispositif de fabrication obtenues à l’étape 106 est mis en oeuvre à l’étape 108, et le résultat de ce test de conformité, indiquant une conformité ou une non-conformité, est transmis à une étape 1 16 décrite ci-après. A test of compliance of the set of configuration parameters of the remanufacturing device with the manufacturing data relating to the configuration of the manufacturing device obtained in step 106 is carried out in step 108, and the result of this test of conformity, indicating a conformity or a non-conformity, is transmitted to a step 1 16 described below.
Par exemple, dès que la valeur de l’une des données de configuration du dispositif de refabrication est différente de celle de la donnée de fabrication obtenue homologue, sa valeur est forcée, si elle peut l’être, pour éliminer cette non-conformité élémentaire, ou une non-conformité élémentaire est relevée. For example, as soon as the value of one of the configuration data of the remanufacturing device is different from that of the homologous manufacturing data obtained, its value is forced, if it can be, to eliminate this elementary non-conformity. , or a basic non-conformity is noted.
La conformité n’est diagnostiquée à l’issue de l’étape 108 de test que si aucune non-conformité élémentaire n’a été relevée. Compliance is only diagnosed at the end of testing step 108 if no basic non-compliance has been identified.
Une étape 1 10 d’obtention des données de fabrication relatives aux matériaux de fabrication est également mise en oeuvre, par exemple sensiblement en parallèle de l’étape 102. A step 110 for obtaining manufacturing data relating to the manufacturing materials is also implemented, for example substantially in parallel with step 102.
Des matériaux identifiés ainsi sont obtenus localement (étape 1 12) par sélection, et un test de conformité entre les propriétés des matériaux obtenus localement et les données de fabrication relatives aux matériaux est mis en oeuvre à l’étape 1 14. Materials identified in this way are obtained locally (step 1 12) by selection, and a conformity test between the properties of the materials obtained locally and the manufacturing data relating to the materials is carried out in step 1 14.
De manière analogue au test de conformité de l’étape 108, le test de conformité de l’étape 1 14 transmet un résultat de conformité ou de non-conformité à l’étape 1 16. A l’étape 1 16 les résultats des tests de conformité sont compilés, et en cas de présence d’une non-conformité, la refabrication n’a pas lieu (étape d’arrêt 1 18). Analogously to the compliance test of step 108, the compliance test of step 1 14 transmits a result of compliance or non-compliance to step 1 16. In step 1 16, the results of the compliance tests are compiled, and in the event of a non-compliance, remanufacturing does not take place (stop step 1 18).
Avantageusement, cela évite de refabriquer une pièce non conforme au cahier des charges qu’elle est censée satisfaire. Advantageously, this avoids remanufacturing a part that does not comply with the specifications it is supposed to meet.
Si aucune non-conformité n’a été détectée, les données effectives du sous- système de refabrication, dites données de refabrication, sont considérées comme conformes aux données de fabrication obtenues à partir de la pièce tridimensionnelle marquée, et l’étape 1 16 est suivie d’une étape 120 de refabrication effective, conformément aux données de fabrication obtenues, d’une nouvelle pièce tridimensionnelle mécaniquement identique à la pièce tridimensionnelle marquée reçue. If no nonconformity has been detected, the actual data from the remanufacturing subsystem, called remanufacturing data, is considered to conform to the manufacturing data obtained from the marked three-dimensional part, and step 1 16 is performed. followed by a step 120 of effective remanufacturing, in accordance with the manufacturing data obtained, of a new three-dimensional part mechanically identical to the marked three-dimensional part received.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l’étape 120 met en oeuvre une refabrication de pièce tridimensionnelle sans marquage. In one embodiment, step 120 implements remanufacturing of a three-dimensional part without marking.
Selon une variante, l’étape 120 met en oeuvre une refabrication de pièce tridimensionnelle avec marquage, c’est-à-dire met en oeuvre les étapes du procédé de fabrication décrit ci-dessus. According to a variant, step 120 implements a remanufacturing of a three-dimensional part with marking, that is to say implements the steps of the manufacturing process described above.
Selon une autre variante, l’étape 120 met en oeuvre une refabrication partielle, ou, en d’autres termes, une réparation de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale. Dans ce cas, la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale reçue en entrée du procédé, à l’étape 70 décrite ci-dessus, est complétée par une portion de pièce manquante. According to another variant, step 120 implements a partial remanufacturing, or, in other words, a repair of the initial three-dimensional part. In this case, the initial three-dimensional part received at the input of the method, in step 70 described above, is completed by a portion of the missing part.
L’invention s’applique également dans le cas de la fabrication soustractive. Dans ce cas, le marquage effectué à l’étape de marquage 64 est effectué sur une surface extérieure de la pièce. The invention also applies in the case of subtractive manufacturing. In this case, the marking performed in the marking step 64 is performed on an outer surface of the part.
Dans le cas où la fabrication est en outre effectuée par injection plastique, le dispositif de fabrication comporte notamment un moule d’injection de format adapté. Un tel moule d’injection est soit obtenu grâce à un identifiant de moule ou de type de moule compris dans les données de fabrication, soit refabriqué en fonction des données de fabrication relatives à la forme de la pièce tridimensionnelle. En particulier, le modèle tridimensionnel de la pièce est utilisé à cet effet. In the case where the manufacture is also carried out by plastic injection, the manufacturing device comprises in particular an injection mold of suitable format. Such an injection mold is either obtained through a mold or mold type identifier included in the manufacturing data, or remanufactured according to the manufacturing data relating to the shape of the three-dimensional part. In particular, the three-dimensional model of the part is used for this purpose.
Avantageusement, l’invention permet de refabriquer une pièce tridimensionnelle à partir d’une pièce tridimensionnelle initiale, la pièce tridimensionnelle refabriquée étant mécaniquement identique à la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale à l’état neuf. Ainsi, l’invention permet de faciliter la réalisation de la maintenance de pièces tridimensionnelles. En particulier l’invention facilite la refabrication à la demande d’un fabricant par un agent de maintenance, et permet ainsi de la substituer à la gestion de stock de pièces de rechange. Advantageously, the invention makes it possible to remanufacture a three-dimensional part from an initial three-dimensional part, the remanufactured three-dimensional part being mechanically identical to the initial three-dimensional part in new condition. Thus, the invention makes it possible to facilitate the maintenance of three-dimensional parts. In particular, the invention facilitates remanufacturing at the request of a manufacturer by a maintenance agent, and thus makes it possible to replace it with the stock management of spare parts.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de fabrication assistée par ordinateur de pièce tridimensionnelle par un dispositif de fabrication, en utilisant au moins un matériau de fabrication prédéterminé, et mettant en oeuvre un ensemble de données de fabrication comprenant des données relatives à la forme de la pièce tridimensionnelle et des commandes correspondantes exploitables par le dispositif de fabrication pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé de fabrication prédéterminé, des données relatives aux matériaux de fabrication et des données relatives au dispositif et au procédé de fabrication, caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte, en cours ou en fin de fabrication d’une pièce tridimensionnelle, des étapes de : 1. A method of computer-aided manufacturing of a three-dimensional part by a manufacturing device, using at least one predetermined manufacturing material, and implementing a set of manufacturing data comprising data relating to the shape of the three-dimensional part and corresponding commands that can be used by the manufacturing device to implement a predetermined manufacturing process, data relating to manufacturing materials and data relating to the device and the manufacturing process, characterized in that it comprises, in progress or at the end of manufacturing a three-dimensional part, steps of:
- calcul (50-62) d’une information de refabrication, associée à ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, et comportant ou permettant d’accéder à l’ensemble des données de fabrication de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, - calculation (50-62) of remanufacturing information, associated with said three-dimensional part, and comprising or allowing access to all the manufacturing data of said three-dimensional part,
- inscription (64) en surface ou dans la masse de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, par une méthode de marquage prédéterminée, d’une marque de refabrication codant ladite information de refabrication. - Inscription (64) on the surface or in the mass of said three-dimensional part, by a predetermined marking method, of a remanufacturing mark encoding said remanufacturing information.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel le calcul d’une information de refabrication comporte : 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculation of remanufacturing information comprises:
- un calcul (50,52) d’un identifiant unique de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, et - a calculation (50,52) of a unique identifier of said three-dimensional part, and
- une application (56-60) d’une combinaison cryptographique combinant l’identifiant unique de la pièce et des données de l’ensemble des données de fabrication. - an application (56-60) of a cryptographic combination combining the unique identifier of the part and the data of all the manufacturing data.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le calcul d’un identifiant unique de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle comprend le calcul (50) d’une fonction physiquement non clonable d’au moins une partie de la pièce tridimensionnelle permettant d’obtenir une valeur d’une caractéristique physique non clonable de ladite au moins une partie de la pièce tridimensionnelle. 3. Method according to claim 2, wherein the calculation of a unique identifier of said three-dimensional part comprises the calculation (50) of a physically non-clonable function of at least a part of the three-dimensional part making it possible to obtain a value. a non-clonable physical characteristic of said at least part of the three-dimensional part.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le calcul d’un identifiant unique comprend en outre l’application (52) d’une fonction cryptographique à ladite valeur de caractéristique physique pour obtenir l’identifiant unique. The method of claim 3, wherein calculating a unique identifier further comprises applying (52) a cryptographic function to said physical characteristic value to obtain the unique identifier.
5. Procédé selon l’une des revendications 2 à 4 dans lequel l’application de ladite combinaison cryptographique comporte : une concaténation (58) des données de l’ensemble des données de fabrication, et une application (60) d’une fonction cryptographique à clé secrète, la clé secrète utilisée pour ladite fonction étant ledit identifiant unique. 5. Method according to one of claims 2 to 4 wherein the application of said cryptographic combination comprises: a concatenation (58) of the data of all the manufacturing data, and an application (60) of a function. cryptographic secret key, the secret key used for said function being said unique identifier.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, comportant en outre une étape de compression (56) d’au moins une partie des données de fabrication. 6. The method of claim 5, further comprising a step of compressing (56) at least part of the manufacturing data.
7. Procédé selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel ledit marquage (64) est effectué par impression d’une représentation codée de ladite information de refabrication. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said marking (64) is performed by printing an encoded representation of said remanufacturing information.
8. Procédé selon l’une des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel au moins un sous-ensemble de l’ensemble des données de fabrication est remplacé par une adresse réseau d’un fichier contenant ledit sous-ensemble de l’ensemble des données de fabrication. 8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein at least one subset of the set of manufacturing data is replaced by a network address of a file containing said subset of the set of data. Manufacturing.
9. Procédé de refabrication complète ou partielle, par un dispositif de refabrication, d’une pièce tridimensionnelle initiale marquée fabriquée par un procédé de fabrication conforme à l’une des revendications 1 à 8, comportant des étapes de : 9. A method of complete or partial remanufacturing, by a remanufacturing device, of an initial marked three-dimensional part manufactured by a manufacturing process according to one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
- lecture (72) de la marque inscrite en surface ou dans la masse de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale, - reading (72) of the mark inscribed on the surface or in the mass of said initial three-dimensional part,
- obtention (74-82) d’un ensemble de données de fabrication de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale à partir de l’information de refabrication obtenue, - obtaining (74-82) a set of manufacturing data for the initial three-dimensional part from the remanufacturing information obtained,
- refabrication (100-120) complète, par le dispositif de refabrication, d’une pièce tridimensionnelle mécaniquement identique à ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale ou refabrication partielle d’une partie de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale utilisant des données de l’ensemble de données de fabrication obtenues. - complete remanufacturing (100-120), by the remanufacturing device, of a three-dimensional part mechanically identical to said initial three-dimensional part or partial remanufacturing of a part of said initial three-dimensional part using data from the manufacturing data set obtained.
10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, dans lequel le dispositif de refabrication a des paramètres de configuration associés, et comportant en outre une étape de validation (108, 1 14, 1 16) de conformité des paramètres de configuration du dispositif de refabrication à l’ensemble des données de fabrication obtenues. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the remanufacturing device has associated configuration parameters, and further comprising a validation step (108, 1 14, 1 16) of compliance of the configuration parameters of the remanufacturing device with the. all the manufacturing data obtained.
11. Procédé selon l’une des revendications 9 ou 10, dans lequel l’obtention d’un ensemble de données de fabrication de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale comporte : 11. Method according to one of claims 9 or 10, wherein obtaining a set of manufacturing data for the initial three-dimensional part comprises:
- un calcul (74, 76) d’un identifiant unique de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale, - a calculation (74, 76) of a unique identifier of said initial three-dimensional part,
- une application d’une recombinaison cryptographique (78-82) combinant ledit identifiant unique et l’information de refabrication obtenue. - an application of a cryptographic recombination (78-82) combining said unique identifier and the remanufacturing information obtained.
12. Procédé selon la revendication 1 1 , dans lequel le calcul d’un identifiant unique de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale comporte un calcul (74) d’une fonction physiquement non clonable d’au moins une partie de la pièce tridimensionnelle permettant d’obtenir une valeur de caractéristique physique non clonable de ladite au moins une partie de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the calculation of a unique identifier of the initial three-dimensional part comprises a calculation (74) of a physically non-clonable function of at least a part of the three-dimensional part to obtain a non-clonable physical characteristic value of said at least part of the initial three-dimensional part.
13. Procédé selon l’une des revendications 1 1 ou 12, dans lequel la recombinaison cryptographique comporte l’application (78) d’une deuxième fonction cryptographique à clé secrète, associée à la fonction cryptographique à clé secrète appliquée (60) au titre du procédé de fabrication conforme à l’une des revendications 1 à 8 de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale, à l’information de refabrication obtenue, la clé secrète utilisée pour ladite application étant ledit identifiant unique, et l’application (80) d’une dé-concaténation au résultat du déchiffrement pour obtenir des données de fabrication. 13. Method according to one of claims 1 1 or 12, wherein the cryptographic recombination comprises the application (78) of a second secret key cryptographic function, associated with the applied secret key cryptographic function (60) under from the manufacturing process according to one of claims 1 to 8 of the initial three-dimensional part, to the remanufacturing information obtained, the secret key used for said application being said unique identifier, and the application (80) of a deconcatenation to the decryption result to obtain manufacturing data.
14. Système de fabrication assistée par ordinateur de pièce tridimensionnelle par un dispositif de fabrication, en utilisant au moins un matériau de fabrication prédéterminé, et mettant en oeuvre un ensemble de données de fabrication comprenant des données relatives à la forme de la pièce tridimensionnelle et des commandes correspondantes exploitables par le dispositif de fabrication pour mettre en oeuvre un procédé de fabrication prédéterminé, des données relatives aux matériaux de fabrication et des données relatives au dispositif et au procédé de fabrication, caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte des modules (14, 18, 22, 6) configurés pour mettre en oeuvre, en cours ou en fin de fabrication d’une pièce tridimensionnelle: 14. System for the computer aided manufacturing of a three-dimensional part by a manufacturing device, using at least one predetermined manufacturing material, and implementing a set of manufacturing data comprising data relating to the shape of the three-dimensional part and corresponding commands exploitable by the manufacturing device to implement a predetermined manufacturing process, data relating to the manufacturing materials and data relating to the device and the manufacturing process, characterized in that it comprises modules (14, 18 , 22, 6) configured to use, during or at the end of manufacture of a three-dimensional part:
- un calcul d’une information de refabrication, associée à ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, et comportant ou permettant d’accéder à l’ensemble des données de fabrication de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, - a calculation of remanufacturing information, associated with said three-dimensional part, and comprising or allowing access to all the manufacturing data of said three-dimensional part,
- une inscription en surface ou dans la masse de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle, par une méthode de marquage prédéterminée, d’une marque de refabrication codant ladite information de refabrication. - an inscription on the surface or in the mass of said three-dimensional part, by a predetermined marking method, of a remanufacturing mark encoding said remanufacturing information.
15. Système de refabrication complète ou partielle, par un dispositif de refabrication, d’une pièce tridimensionnelle initiale marquée fabriquée par un système de fabrication conforme à la revendication 14, comportant des modules (32, 36, 40, 46, 48) configurés pour mettre en oeuvre : - une lecture de la marque inscrite en surface ou dans la masse de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale, 15. A system for complete or partial remanufacturing, by a remanufacturing device, of an initial marked three-dimensional part manufactured by a manufacturing system according to claim 14, comprising modules (32, 36, 40, 46, 48) configured to enforce : - a reading of the mark inscribed on the surface or in the mass of said initial three-dimensional part,
- une obtention d’un ensemble de données de fabrication de la pièce tridimensionnelle initiale à partir de l’information de refabrication obtenue, - obtaining a set of manufacturing data for the initial three-dimensional part from the remanufacturing information obtained,
- une refabrication complète, par le dispositif de refabrication, d’une pièce tridimensionnelle mécaniquement identique à ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale ou refabrication partielle d’une partie de ladite pièce tridimensionnelle initiale utilisant des données de l’ensemble de données de fabrication obtenues. - complete remanufacturing, by the remanufacturing device, of a three-dimensional part mechanically identical to said initial three-dimensional part or partial remanufacturing of a part of said initial three-dimensional part using data from the set of manufacturing data obtained.
EP20702826.7A 2019-02-07 2020-02-07 Method and system for the computer-aided manufacturing of a three-dimensional part Pending EP3921977A1 (en)

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