EP3913187B1 - Screw spindle pump - Google Patents

Screw spindle pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3913187B1
EP3913187B1 EP21168615.9A EP21168615A EP3913187B1 EP 3913187 B1 EP3913187 B1 EP 3913187B1 EP 21168615 A EP21168615 A EP 21168615A EP 3913187 B1 EP3913187 B1 EP 3913187B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bore
symmetry
axis
housing
screw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21168615.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3913187A1 (en
Inventor
Oliver Troßmann
Roland Maurischat
Philipp ROSSOW
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leistritz Pumpen GmbH
Original Assignee
Leistritz Pumpen GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Leistritz Pumpen GmbH filed Critical Leistritz Pumpen GmbH
Publication of EP3913187A1 publication Critical patent/EP3913187A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3913187B1 publication Critical patent/EP3913187B1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/10Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/082Details specially related to intermeshing engagement type machines or pumps
    • F04C2/086Carter
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/12Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C2/14Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C2/16Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with helical teeth, e.g. chevron-shaped, screw type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2230/00Manufacture
    • F04C2230/10Manufacture by removing material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2230/00Manufacture
    • F04C2230/60Assembly methods
    • F04C2230/602Gap; Clearance
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00Components
    • F04C2240/30Casings or housings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00Components
    • F04C2240/80Other components
    • F04C2240/81Sensor, e.g. electronic sensor for control or monitoring
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2250/00Geometry
    • F04C2250/30Geometry of the stator
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2270/00Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
    • F04C2270/17Tolerance; Play; Gap

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a screw spindle pump, comprising a housing with a running bore consisting of at least two intersecting bores, in each of which a spindle is accommodated, the spindles having a screw profile which meshes with one another in sections and bending in a defined bending direction during operation as a result of hydraulic bending pressure.
  • Such screw pumps are used to promote a wide variety of fluid media. They include a housing with a barrel bore formed by at least two intersecting bores. A spindle is received in each of these bores, typically one spindle being a drive spindle and the other being a idler spindle driven via the other spindle. Sometimes two running spindles, which are arranged on both sides of a central engaging spindle, are provided, in which case the running bore consists of three intersecting bores. The spindles have corresponding screw profiles, via which they mesh with one another, cavities being formed via the toothing engagement, which form the conveying chambers for the fluid to be conveyed. This makes it possible to convey the fluid supplied on one side from this suction side to the pressure side, where the fluid is discharged.
  • the structure and function of such a screw pump is basically known.
  • the screw pump sucks in the fluid to be pumped on the suction side and pumps it to the pressure side while constantly compressing it.
  • a corresponding differential pressure between the suction and the pressure side which can be a few bar up to well over 100 bar, depending on the design of the screw pump.
  • This hydraulic bending pressure causes the spindles to bend in a defined bending direction, i.e. that the spindles, which are usually mounted in plain bearings in the area of both spindle ends, experience a slight deflection, i.e.
  • the spindles are located in the respective bores of the housing, which may be either a single housing or an insert inserted into an outer housing, and rotate in the respective bore, the relative position of the spindle changes to the bore wall, which means that the given ring segment-like gap increases in width on one side due to bending, while it narrows on the other side, whereby this change in width naturally varies slightly, seen over the spindle length, due to the bending geometry.
  • the bore diameter is selected with a corresponding oversize so that, despite bending, ideally there is still a corresponding distance even in the maximum bending area given is.
  • it is known to arrange the spindle off-axis in the central bore ie to arrange it with its spindle axis offset slightly from the center against the direction of bending. This design is made in such a way that in the area of maximum bending, the distance between the spindle and the bore wall is almost the same in and opposite the direction of bending.
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem of specifying a screw pump that is improved in comparison thereto.
  • the invention provides in a screw pump of the type mentioned that each bore with a slot a longer first axis of symmetry and a shorter second axis of symmetry orthogonal thereto, the longer first axis of symmetry running in the bending direction.
  • the screw pump according to the invention therefore has no central, i.e. circular, bores, as has been customary in the prior art, but slot-like bores, i.e. bores that do not have a clear radius, but are defined by two different, mutually orthogonal symmetry axes.
  • the slot-like bore has a first, longer axis of symmetry and a second, shorter axis of symmetry that is orthogonal thereto.
  • the longer axis of symmetry runs in the direction of bending, the shorter axis of symmetry runs orthogonally to it.
  • This configuration has the advantage that, on the one hand, the spindle can easily deflect, since after the deflection has taken place along the longer axis of symmetry, there is sufficient space within the bore to ensure that the spindle or its screw profile does not run against the inner wall of the bore .
  • the entire gap cross-sectional area can therefore be reduced considerably, since due to the slot-like design with a longer and shorter axis of symmetry, there is no round gap surrounding the respective spindle with a constant width around the circumference, but a gap with a gap width that varies around the circumference .
  • there is a correspondingly large reduction in the gap width which in turn is reflected in a correspondingly large reduction in the overall gap cross-section.
  • the screw spindle pump according to the invention and the bore geometry provided according to the invention thus enable problem-free and low-wear pump operation on the one hand, since spindle bending resulting from the hydraulic bending pressure is possible without problems and there is always a sufficient distance to the bore walls adjacent in the direction of the longer axis of symmetry, as well as at the same time due to due to the reduced gap diameter in the direction of the shorter axis of symmetry, there is a considerable reduction in the overall gap cross-section and thus in the leakage volume. This results on the one hand in extremely low-wear distribution, but on the other hand in comparison to the previous circular borehole geometry, a significantly more efficient production operation.
  • the arrangement is expediently such that the spindles are positioned in such a way that at a defined differential pressure between a suction side and a pressure side of the pump or within a defined differential pressure interval, the width of the gap between the screw profiles and the inner wall of the bore in the direction of the first axis of symmetry is greater than is the width of the gap in the direction of the second axis of symmetry. It means that the spindles are arranged in such a way that when bending occurs, the distance of the screw profile from the inner wall of the bore in the direction of the first axis of symmetry to both axial directions is always greater than the distance or the gap width in the orthogonal second axis of symmetry.
  • the gap In the direction of the second axis of symmetry, the gap is therefore always narrower during operation than in the direction of the first axis of symmetry. In this way, symmetrical conditions in the direction of both axes of symmetry can ultimately be set in this bending area.
  • each bore is designed as a slot-like bore with two axes of symmetry of different lengths that are orthogonal to one another.
  • a bore can be formed, for example, by means of a milling tool, which not only makes it possible to introduce a cylindrical bore, but also to lengthen it slightly in the direction of the first axis of symmetry to form a slot-like shape.
  • lengthening the bore by grinding a cylindrical bore in the manner of a slot. A simple cylindrical bore is therefore first introduced, which is then ground out in a defined manner to form the longer axis of symmetry.
  • each bore is formed from two separate, intersecting individual bores, the bore axes of which are offset relative to one another in the bending direction.
  • each bore consists of two intersecting individual bores. These are minimally offset from one another in the bending direction, which means that their borehole axes are minimally spaced apart in the bending direction, specifically by the distance of the expected maximum deflection, which is in the range of 0.1-0.3 mm, for example.
  • the formation of the bore via two separate individual bores has the advantage on the one hand that the bore as such is easy to make, since the formation of the bore requires only a simple linear movement of the drilling tool.
  • a drilling tool can be used that has a smaller diameter than a drilling tool that is used to produce a circular, central bore, as has been customary in the prior art (this also applies to the use of a milling cutter, this can also be selected with a smaller diameter). Because it only has to be ensured that the diameter of the two individual bores is sufficiently large that the spindle, viewed in the direction of the second axis of symmetry, is still sufficiently spaced from the bore wall, albeit by a significantly narrower gap, after there is sufficient space in the direction of the first axis of symmetry for the absorption of the bend is given. When two intersecting individual bores are formed, a minimal web or shoulder remains in the intersection area, i.e.
  • the housing can be a complete housing or a central housing block that is only closed by two covers.
  • the housing can also be an insert that is inserted into a corresponding outer housing.
  • each bore can also be possible according to a variant of the invention for each bore to consist of two bore sections that axially adjoin one another, with the central axes of each bore section being set against one another.
  • each bore is therefore composed of two separate bore sections, each bore section in turn being formed from two separate individual bores as described above.
  • the bore sections naturally merge into one another, but are not in an axial arrangement or are not axially aligned with one another, but are marginally angled towards one another. The position is chosen in such a way that this approximately maps the bending geometry of the spindle.
  • each bore section which begins on one side of the housing and runs to the middle of the housing, runs at a minimal angle, so that, viewed in cross section, a quasi minimal V-shape results, with the tip of the V pointing in the bending direction.
  • This bore geometry therefore takes up the spindle bending geometry, so that the bore geometry adapts even better to the actual conditions and, in particular, the gap resulting from the elongated hole-like shape and adapted to the bending is even better adapted to the spindle bending, seen in the axial direction.
  • the screw spindle pump is preferably a double-flow pump, i.e. each screw spindle has two axially adjacent, oppositely increasing screw profiles, which are preferably provided approximately in the area of the longitudinal center of the respective screw spindles or approximately symmetrically to the longitudinal center.
  • this double-flow type of pump corresponding screw profiles running in opposite directions are provided, which extend from the region of the center of the spindle in the direction of the ends of the spindle, where the spindle is mounted.
  • it can also be a single-flow pump in which each screw has only one screw profile that rises in one direction.
  • the screw pump itself is either a pure liquid pump. Alternatively, however, it can also be a multiphase pump, which can also pump a liquid-gas mixture in addition to a pure liquid.
  • the invention also relates to a housing for a screw pump of the type described.
  • the housing has a running bore, consisting of at least two intersecting bores for accommodating one spindle each, the spindles having screw profiles that mesh with one another in sections and during operation of the Bend the screw pump in a defined bending direction using hydraulic bending pressure.
  • This casing which can be the actual pump casing, or an insert in one Outer housing is characterized according to the invention in that each bore is designed as a slot with a longer first axis of symmetry and a shorter second axis of symmetry orthogonal thereto, with the longer first axis of symmetry running in the bending direction.
  • each bore is preferably formed from two separate, intersecting individual bores, the bore axes of which are offset relative to one another in the bending direction.
  • the slot-like bore can also be designed as a milled bore, i.e. the milling tool is guided accordingly to lengthen the bore while forming the longer axis of symmetry.
  • the slot-like bore is ground from a cylindrical bore, i.e. that material is removed locally in a targeted manner by grinding in order to form the longer axis of symmetry.
  • each of the two individual bores can extend over the entire length of the housing, which means that the entire bore consists of these two individual bores running axially.
  • each bore consists of two bore sections axially adjoining one another, with the central axes of each bore section and thus the central axes of the individual bores of one bore section being set against those of the other bore section.
  • each bore section is formed from two separate individual bores, the bore axes of which are set slightly to one another, that is to say at an angle other than 180° to one another and are not aligned with one another. This makes it possible to tilt the entire bore geometry minimally following the bending line.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a housing for a screw pump of the type described above, comprising a running bore formed from at least two intersecting bores.
  • This method is characterized in that for the formation of each bore at least two separate, intersecting individual bores whose bore axes are offset from one another, in one Housing body are drilled. The two individual bores or their bore axes are offset from one another in a previously defined bending direction.
  • each hole can also consist of two axially adjoining hole sections, the central axes of each hole section being set against one another, with two separate individual holes being drilled on both opposite sides of the housing body to form the hole sections.
  • the bore sections or the individual bores meet in the middle of the housing, where the area of maximum spindle deflection is.
  • FIG. 1 shows in the form of a partially cut-away perspective view a double-suction screw pump 1 according to the invention, comprising an outer housing 2 with an inner housing 3 designed as an insert, in which, cf 2 , Two spindles 4, 5 are arranged, which serve to suck in, convey and discharge a fluid or a liquid-gas mixture.
  • an inlet is provided on the housing side, as shown by the arrow P1, through which the fluid is drawn in.
  • the fluid is discharged under pressure via an outlet which is arranged at 90 degrees in the example shown and is not shown in detail, as represented by the arrow P2.
  • the two spindles 4, 5 each have two screw profiles 6, 7 and 8, 9, respectively, the respective screw profile pairs 6, 7 and 8, 9 having opposite pitches. This means that it is a double-flow screw pump 1.
  • the screw profiles 6 and 8 would come together in a manner known per se, as would the screw profiles 7 and 9.
  • the two screw spindles 4, 5 are supported and rotatably mounted in the area of their respective ends via corresponding bearing means 10, 11 or 12, 13, with the bearing means 10-13 generally being plain bearings.
  • the two spindles 4, 5 are accommodated in a barrel bore 14, which has the shape of a "lying 8" and which is shown as a schematic diagram in 3 shown is.
  • 3 shows an end view of the housing 3 with a view of the barrel bore 14, which extends axially in a straight line through the housing 3.
  • the barrel bore 14 consists of two separate bores 15, 16 which intersect so that two central shoulders 17 result.
  • a spindle 4, 5 is accommodated in each bore 15, 16 and rotates in it, one spindle being the drive spindle coupled to a drive motor, while the other spindle is the idler spindle.
  • spindle 5 is the drive spindle
  • spindle 4 is the following idler spindle.
  • the spindles 4, 5 are accommodated in the barrel bore 14 or the bores 15, 16 at a distance from the adjacent inner wall of the bore, so that they can rotate without contact. Consequently, a gap is formed surrounding both spindles 4, 5, which also has the shape of a "lying figure 8".
  • each of the bores 15, 16 is embodied as a slot, which means that each bore 15, 16 is not a circular bore but has a longer and a shorter axis of symmetry.
  • the two holes 15, 16 intersect, but each hole is assigned a defined, specific elongated hole geometry.
  • the two bores 15, 16 are shown.
  • Each bore 15, 16 consists of two intersecting individual bores 18, 19 in the case of bore 15 and 20, 21 in the case of bore 16.
  • the two pairs of individual bores 18, 19 and 20, 21 have respective Bore or central axes Z1 and Z2, which are spaced apart in a bending direction R here.
  • This bending direction R is the direction in which the respective spindle 4, 5 bends due to the hydraulic bending pressure in the housing 3, resulting from the pressure difference between the suction side and the pressure side. Although this bending is minimal, it does result from the more or less end-side support of the spindles 4, 5 via the bearing means 10 - 13.
  • the respective individual bores 18, 19 or 20, 21 are clearly far apart from one another by the distance a with their central axes Z1.
  • the distance a is only 0.1 - 0.3 mm, for example, so it is minimal, but still measurable.
  • This offset of the individual bores 18, 19 in the bending direction R now means that the resulting bore 15, 16 has a slot-like geometry, i.e. no longer a circular bore shape or inner wall shape, but a slightly elongated bore shape.
  • Each individual bore 15, 16 therefore has a longer first axis of symmetry S1, which extends in the bending direction R, and a second, shorter axis of symmetry S2 that is orthogonal thereto.
  • the symmetry axes S1, S2 are shown for the bore 15, the geometry of the bore 16 is identical.
  • the difference in length between the axes of symmetry S1 and S2 ultimately corresponds to the distance a between the two central axes Z1, Z2, so it is also approximately 0.1-0.3 mm.
  • FIG. 5 shows, in the form of a schematic representation, a slot-like bore 15, which is shown closed here for reasons of description and representation (the following description, which sets out the basic principle, of course also applies equally to the second slot-like bore 16, which together with the bore 15 forms an 8-shaped Barrel bore 14 added).
  • the spindle 4 or the outer circumference of the screw profile 6 is also shown as a schematic representation figure 5 shows, between the inner wall 22 of the slot-like bore 15 and the outer circumference 23 of the screw profile 6, a gap space 24 is formed, which in the example shown is ring-shaped, all the way around, in which the fluid collects during operation for delivery (in the barrel bore is that of the respective bore 15, 16 assigned gap only like a ring segment, whereby the two ring segments complement each other to form the "8" shape). Also shown is the longer first axis of symmetry S1 and the shorter second axis of symmetry S2. Also shown is the diameter D of the spindle 4 and its longitudinal or central axis ZS.
  • the gap width consequently changes around the circumference or narrows from the upper and lower axis point on the first axis of symmetry S1 to the lateral axis points on the second axis of symmetry S2, which is also given in the case of a barrel bore.
  • Such a central bore 25, as would be provided in the prior art, is 6 drawn in dashed. As can be seen, the diameter of such a central bore would correspond to the length of the longer first axis of symmetry S1.
  • the comparison in 6 clear that the width B2 of the gap space 24 is significantly smaller compared to the situation with a central bore 25. This results in how 6 also clearly shows that the total cross-sectional area of the gap space 24 is significantly smaller when a slot-shaped bore 15 is formed compared to the cross-sectional area when a central bore 25 is formed, which in turn means that any leakage volume can be significantly reduced and consequently the delivery volume as well as the Efficiency of the screw pump can be improved.
  • the Figures 7 and 8 show for comparison the arrangement of the spindle 4 in a central bore 25, ie a bore with a constant diameter which corresponds to the length of the first axis of symmetry S1.
  • the central axis ZS of the spindle 4 is offset from the central axis Z of the circular central bore 25, so there is also an offset against the bending direction R here.
  • the spindle 4 If the spindle 4 is loaded during operation, it bends slightly, as in 8 is shown. As can be seen, the spindle 4 is then located more or less centrally in the central bore 25. The result is an annular circumferential gap space 24 which has almost the same width B1 around the entire circumference, i.e. the gap width as it is in the embodiment according to the invention only in the upper and lower axis point is given. It can be seen in 8 resulting Cross-sectional area of the annular gap space 24 is significantly larger than the area of the gap space 24 according to 6 .
  • the respective bore 15, 16 is formed by two individual bores 18, 19 or 20, 21, which are introduced one after the other and intersect one another, there is in principle also the possibility of drilling the respective bore 15, 16 using a milling cutter to form, which on the one hand introduces a bore, but on the other hand can also be moved slightly in the bending direction in order to produce the elongated hole geometry.
  • This also has a diameter that is smaller than the diameter of a drill forming a central bore as is customary in the prior art.
  • each bore 15, 16 extends linearly through the housing 3.
  • the housing 3 is shown as an example, as well as the bore 15.
  • This consists of two bore sections 15a, 15b, each bore section in turn consisting of two separate, intersecting individual bores 18a, 19a or 18b, 19b, which intersect, as above for the first Alternative invention described.
  • the individual bores 18a, 19a or 18b, 19b are minimally offset by the distance a in the bending direction.
  • the bore sections 15a, 15b are not aligned with one another, but are at an angle ⁇ 180° to one another, that is to say they are tilted or positioned more or less centrally in the bending direction R.
  • FIG. 1 also shows schematically the course of the central axis ZS of the spindle 4, which is inevitably also slightly bent due to the bending of the spindle.
  • the angled position of the bore sections 15a 15b now approximately takes up this bending line or bent axis course, so that ultimately the resulting, quasi angled or kinked bore 15 is better adapted to the spindle geometry resulting from hydraulic loading.
  • the invention is of course not limited to this. Rather, it can also be a single-flow screw spindle pump, where only one screw profile is provided on each spindle. In addition, more than two spindles can also be provided, which means that a central working spindle and two parallel running spindles are provided.
  • the slot-like configuration of the respective spindle bore according to the invention can be used wherever a spindle deflection occurs during operation and has to be compensated for due to the given hydraulic pressure conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schraubenspindelpumpe, umfassend ein Gehäuse mit einer Laufbohrung bestehend aus wenigstens zwei einander schneidenden Bohrungen, in denen jeweils eine Spindel aufgenommen ist, wobei die Spindeln abschnittsweise miteinander kämmende Schneckenprofil aufweisen und sich im Betrieb durch einen hydraulischen Biegedruck in eine definierte Biegerichtung verbiegen.The invention relates to a screw spindle pump, comprising a housing with a running bore consisting of at least two intersecting bores, in each of which a spindle is accommodated, the spindles having a screw profile which meshes with one another in sections and bending in a defined bending direction during operation as a result of hydraulic bending pressure.

Derartige Schraubenspindelpumpen dienen der Förderung unterschiedlichster fluider Medien. Sie umfassen ein Gehäuse mit einer Laufbohrung, die über wenigstens zwei einander schneidende Bohrungen gebildet ist. In jeder dieser Bohrung ist eine Spindel aufgenommen, wobei üblicherweise eine Spindel eine Antriebsspindel und die andere eine über die andere Spindel angetriebene Laufspindel ist. Mitunter sind auch zwei Laufspindeln, die beidseits einer mittigen Angriffsspindel angeordnet sind, vorgesehen, wobei in diesem Fall die Laufbohrung aus drei einander schneidenden Bohrungen besteht. Die Spindeln weisen entsprechende Schneckenprofile auf, über die sie miteinander kämmen, wobei über den Verzahnungseingriff Hohlräume gebildet werden, die die Förderräume für das zu fördernde Fluid bilden. Hierüber ist es möglich, das an einer Seite zugeführte Fluid von dieser Saugseite zur Druckseite, wo das Fluid abgegeben wird, zu fördern. Der Aufbau und die Funktion einer solchen Schraubenspindelpumpe ist dem Grunde nach bekannt.Such screw pumps are used to promote a wide variety of fluid media. They include a housing with a barrel bore formed by at least two intersecting bores. A spindle is received in each of these bores, typically one spindle being a drive spindle and the other being a idler spindle driven via the other spindle. Sometimes two running spindles, which are arranged on both sides of a central engaging spindle, are provided, in which case the running bore consists of three intersecting bores. The spindles have corresponding screw profiles, via which they mesh with one another, cavities being formed via the toothing engagement, which form the conveying chambers for the fluid to be conveyed. This makes it possible to convey the fluid supplied on one side from this suction side to the pressure side, where the fluid is discharged. The structure and function of such a screw pump is basically known.

Die Schraubenspindelpumpe saugt, wie beschrieben, das zu fördernde Fluid an der Saugseite an und fördert es unter stetiger Komprimierung zur Druckseite. Hieraus ergibt sich ein entsprechender Differenzdruck zwischen der Saug- und der Druckseite, der je nach Auslegung der Schraubenspindelpumpe wenige bar bis hin zu weit über 100 bar betragen kann. Das heißt, dass, insbesondere je höher der Differenzdruck ist, ein entsprechender hydraulischer Biegedruck auf den Spindeln lastet, der, da der Fluidweg innerhalb der Pumpe definiert ist, stets in eine definierte Richtung gerichtet ist. Aus diesem hydraulischen Biegedruck resultiert eine Verbiegung der Spindeln in eine definierte Biegerichtung, das heißt, dass die Spindeln, die im Bereich ihrer beiden Spindelenden üblicherweise in Gleitlagern gelagert sind, eine geringe Durchbiegung erfahren, also deformiert werden. Da sich die Spindeln in den jeweiligen Bohrungen des Gehäuses, bei dem es sich entweder um ein Einzelgehäuse handeln kann, oder um einen Einsatz, der in ein Außengehäuse eingesetzt wird, angeordnet sind und in der entsprechenden Bohrung rotieren, ändert sich demzufolge die Relativposition der Spindel zur Bohrungswand, das heißt, dass der gegebene ringsegmentartige Spalt sich biegungsbedingt an einer Seite etwas in seiner Breite vergrößert, während er an der anderen Seite etwas schmäler wird, wobei diese Breitenänderung natürlich, gesehen über die Spindellänge, aufgrund der Biegegeometrie leicht variiert. Um zu vermeiden, dass es infolge dieser Verbiegung zu einem Anlaufen der Spindel respektive des Schneckenprofils an die Bohrungsinnenwand kommt, was extrem verschleißfördernd wäre, ist der Bohrungsdurchmesser mit einem entsprechenden Übermaß gewählt, so dass trotz Verbiegung idealerweise immer noch ein entsprechender Abstand auch im maximalen Biegebereich gegeben ist. Darüber hinaus ist es bekannt, die Spindel deachsiert in der zentrischen Bohrung anzuordnen, also mit ihrer Spindelachse geringfügig aus der Mitte entgegen der Biegerichtung versetzt anzuordnen. Diese Auslegung wird dabei so getroffen, dass im Bereich der maximalen Biegung der Abstand der Spindel von der Bohrungswand in und entgegengesetzt der Biegerichtung nahezu gleich ist. Dies führt dazu, dass in diesem Bereich ein Spalt mit nahezu konstanter Spaltbreite zwischen Spindel und Bohrungsinnenwand gegeben ist. Die Größe des um alle Spindeln umlaufenden Spalts, der bei einer aus zwei Bohrungen bestehenden Laufbohrung genähert die Form einer "8" aufweist, geht in die Berechnung der Fördermenge ein. Denn über diesen Spalt ist eine gewisse Leckage gegeben, also eine gewisse Fluidmenge, die nicht gefördert wird. Je größer der Spalt respektive der umlaufende Spaltquerschnitt, desto größer dieser Leckage-Anteil.As described, the screw pump sucks in the fluid to be pumped on the suction side and pumps it to the pressure side while constantly compressing it. This results in a corresponding differential pressure between the suction and the pressure side, which can be a few bar up to well over 100 bar, depending on the design of the screw pump. This means that, in particular the higher the differential pressure, a corresponding hydraulic bending pressure is exerted on the spindles, which, since the fluid path is defined within the pump, is always directed in a defined direction. This hydraulic bending pressure causes the spindles to bend in a defined bending direction, i.e. that the spindles, which are usually mounted in plain bearings in the area of both spindle ends, experience a slight deflection, i.e. are deformed. Consequently, as the spindles are located in the respective bores of the housing, which may be either a single housing or an insert inserted into an outer housing, and rotate in the respective bore, the relative position of the spindle changes to the bore wall, which means that the given ring segment-like gap increases in width on one side due to bending, while it narrows on the other side, whereby this change in width naturally varies slightly, seen over the spindle length, due to the bending geometry. In order to avoid the spindle or the screw profile coming into contact with the inside wall of the bore as a result of this bending, which would be extremely wear-promoting, the bore diameter is selected with a corresponding oversize so that, despite bending, ideally there is still a corresponding distance even in the maximum bending area given is. In addition, it is known to arrange the spindle off-axis in the central bore, ie to arrange it with its spindle axis offset slightly from the center against the direction of bending. This design is made in such a way that in the area of maximum bending, the distance between the spindle and the bore wall is almost the same in and opposite the direction of bending. This means that in this area there is a gap with an almost constant gap width between the spindle and the inner wall of the bore. The size of the gap surrounding all the spindles, which has approximately the shape of an "8" in a running bore consisting of two bores, is included in the calculation of the delivery rate. Because there is a certain amount of leakage through this gap, ie a certain amount of fluid that is not pumped. The larger the gap or the circumferential gap cross-section, the larger this leakage component.

DE102011101648A1 , SU1435819A1 und US2019078566A1 offenbaren Schraubenspindelpumpen gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1. DE102011101648A1 , SU1435819A1 and US2019078566A1 disclose screw pumps according to the preamble of claim 1.

Der Erfindung liegt damit das Problem zugrunde, eine demgegenüber verbesserte Schraubenspindelpumpe anzugeben.The invention is therefore based on the problem of specifying a screw pump that is improved in comparison thereto.

Zur Lösung dieses Problems ist bei einer Schraubenspindelpumpe der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass jede Bohrung langlochartig mit einer längeren ersten Symmetrieachse und einer orthogonal dazu stehenden kürzeren zweiten Symmetrieachse ausgeführt ist, wobei die längere erste Symmetrieachse in der Biegerichtung verläuft.To solve this problem, the invention provides in a screw pump of the type mentioned that each bore with a slot a longer first axis of symmetry and a shorter second axis of symmetry orthogonal thereto, the longer first axis of symmetry running in the bending direction.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schraubenspindelpumpe weist demzufolge keine zentrischen, also kreisrunden Bohrungen auf, wie bisher im Stand der Technik üblich, sondern langlochartige Bohrungen, also Bohrungen, die keinen eindeutigen Radius besitzen, sondern die über zwei unterschiedliche, orthogonal zueinander stehende Symmetrieachsen definiert werden. Die langlochartige Bohrung weist eine erste längere Symmetrieachse sowie eine orthogonal dazu stehende zweite, kürzere Symmetrieachse auf. Die längere Symmetrieachse verläuft in der Biegerichtung, die kürzere Symmetrieachse verläuft orthogonal dazu. Diese Ausgestaltung hat den Vorteil, dass einerseits eine Durchbiegung der Spindel ohne weiteres möglich ist, da, nachdem die Durchbiegung entlang der längeren Symmetrieachse erfolgt, ausreichend Raum innerhalb der Bohrung gegeben ist, der sicherstellt, dass die Spindel respektive deren Schneckenprofil nicht gegen die Bohrungsinnenwand läuft. In der orthogonalen Richtung dazu aber, in der keine Deformation erfolgt, ist es aufgrund der langlochartigen Ausgestaltung möglich, den Abstand der gegenüberliegenden Wandflächen der Bohrung zu reduzieren, so dass sich insgesamt eine kleinere Spaltbreite gesehen in Richtung der zweiten Symmetrieachse ergibt als in Richtung der ersten Symmetrieachse. Aufgrund dieser langlochartigen Bohrungsgeometrie kann daher die gesamte Spaltquerschnittsfläche beachtlich verringert werden, da aufgrund der langlochartigen Ausführung mit längerer und kürzerer Symmetrieachse kein die jeweilige Spindel umgebender runder, um den Umfang eine konstante Breite aufweisender Spalt gegeben ist, sondern ein Spalt mit um den Umfang variierender Spaltbreite. Je nachdem, wie nahe die gegenüberliegenden Bohrungsinnenwandbereiche in der kurzen Symmetrieachse an die Spindel rücken, ergibt sich eine entsprechend starke Reduktion der Spaltbreite, die sich wiederum in einer entsprechend großen Reduktion des gesamten Spaltquerschnitts niederschlägt.The screw pump according to the invention therefore has no central, i.e. circular, bores, as has been customary in the prior art, but slot-like bores, i.e. bores that do not have a clear radius, but are defined by two different, mutually orthogonal symmetry axes. The slot-like bore has a first, longer axis of symmetry and a second, shorter axis of symmetry that is orthogonal thereto. The longer axis of symmetry runs in the direction of bending, the shorter axis of symmetry runs orthogonally to it. This configuration has the advantage that, on the one hand, the spindle can easily deflect, since after the deflection has taken place along the longer axis of symmetry, there is sufficient space within the bore to ensure that the spindle or its screw profile does not run against the inner wall of the bore . However, in the direction orthogonal to this, in which no deformation takes place, it is possible due to the slot-like design to reduce the distance between the opposite wall surfaces of the bore, so that overall there is a smaller gap width seen in the direction of the second axis of symmetry than in the direction of the first axis of symmetry. Due to this slot-like bore geometry, the entire gap cross-sectional area can therefore be reduced considerably, since due to the slot-like design with a longer and shorter axis of symmetry, there is no round gap surrounding the respective spindle with a constant width around the circumference, but a gap with a gap width that varies around the circumference . Depending on how close the opposite inner wall areas of the bore are to the spindle in the short axis of symmetry, there is a correspondingly large reduction in the gap width, which in turn is reflected in a correspondingly large reduction in the overall gap cross-section.

Durch die Reduzierung dieses Spaltquerschnitts ergibt sich damit zwangsläufig auch eine beachtliche Reduzierung des Leckage-Volumens über den Bereich des Differenzdruckintervalls, wobei Versuche gezeigt haben, dass eine Reduktion von bis zu 25 % oder mehr ohne weiteres möglich ist.The reduction of this gap cross-section inevitably results in a considerable reduction in the leakage volume over the area of the differential pressure interval, tests having shown that a reduction of up to 25% or more is easily possible.

Damit ermöglicht die erfindungsgemäße Schraubenspindelpumpe respektive die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Bohrungsgeometrie einerseits einen problemlosen und verschleißarmen Pumpenbetrieb, da eine aus dem hydraulischen Biegedruck resultierende Spindelverbiegung ohne Probleme möglich ist und stets ein hinreichender Abstand zu den in Richtung der längeren Symmetrieachse benachbarten Bohrungswänden gegeben ist, wie auch gleichzeitig aufgrund des reduzierten Spaltdurchmessers in Richtung der kürzeren Symmetrieachse eine beachtliche Reduktion des gesamten Spaltquerschnitts und damit des Leckage-Volumens gegeben ist. Hieraus resultiert einerseits ein extrem verschleißarmer Vertrieb, andererseits aber auch ein im Vergleich zur bisherigen kreisrunden Bohrungsgeometrie deutlich effizienterer Förderbetrieb.The screw spindle pump according to the invention and the bore geometry provided according to the invention thus enable problem-free and low-wear pump operation on the one hand, since spindle bending resulting from the hydraulic bending pressure is possible without problems and there is always a sufficient distance to the bore walls adjacent in the direction of the longer axis of symmetry, as well as at the same time due to due to the reduced gap diameter in the direction of the shorter axis of symmetry, there is a considerable reduction in the overall gap cross-section and thus in the leakage volume. This results on the one hand in extremely low-wear distribution, but on the other hand in comparison to the previous circular borehole geometry, a significantly more efficient production operation.

Um auch hier zu ermöglichen, dass in Richtung der ersten, längeren Symmetrieachse der Abstand der Spindel respektive des Schneckenprofils in Richtung der ersten längeren Symmetrieachse auch hier zu beiden Seiten hin nahezu gleich ist, ist es zweckmäßig, die Spindeln bzw. deren Spindelachsen im unbelasteten Zustand versetzt zur Mitte der ersten Symmetrieachse anzuordnen, also auch hier quasi außermittig zu positionieren. Dabei bezieht sich wie ausgeführt der Ort des gleichen Abstands letztlich auf den Bereich der größten Spindeldurchbiegung, wobei dieser Bereich üblicherweise im mittleren Spindelbereich liegt.In order to enable the distance of the spindle or the screw profile in the direction of the first, longer axis of symmetry to be almost the same on both sides in the direction of the first, longer axis of symmetry, it is expedient to keep the spindles or their spindle axes in the unloaded state offset to the center of the first axis of symmetry, i.e. to be positioned off-centre here as well. As stated, the location of the same distance ultimately relates to the area of the greatest spindle deflection, with this area usually being in the middle of the spindle area.

Dabei ist die Anordnung zweckmäßigerweise derart, dass die Spindeln so positioniert sind, dass sich bei einem definierten Differenzdruck zwischen einer Saugseite und einer Druckseite der Pumpe oder innerhalb eines definierten Differenzdruckintervalls die Breite des Spalts zwischen den Schneckenprofilen und der Bohrungsinnenwand in Richtung der ersten Symmetrieachse größer als die Breite des Spalts in Richtung der zweiten Symmetrieachse ist. Das heißt, dass die Anordnung der Spindeln derart getroffen ist, dass im Biegefall der Abstand des Schneckenprofils von der Bohrungsinnenwand in Richtung der ersten Symmetrieachse zu beiden Achsrichtungen stets größer ist als der Abstand respektive die Spaltbreite in der orthogonalen zweiten Symmetrieachse. In Richtung der zweiten Symmetrieachse ist demzufolge in Betrieb der Spalt stets schmäler als in Richtung der ersten Symmetrieachse. Hiermit lassen sich letztlich in diesem Biegebereich symmetrische Verhältnisse in Richtung beider Symmetrieachsen einstellen.The arrangement is expediently such that the spindles are positioned in such a way that at a defined differential pressure between a suction side and a pressure side of the pump or within a defined differential pressure interval, the width of the gap between the screw profiles and the inner wall of the bore in the direction of the first axis of symmetry is greater than is the width of the gap in the direction of the second axis of symmetry. It means that the spindles are arranged in such a way that when bending occurs, the distance of the screw profile from the inner wall of the bore in the direction of the first axis of symmetry to both axial directions is always greater than the distance or the gap width in the orthogonal second axis of symmetry. In the direction of the second axis of symmetry, the gap is therefore always narrower during operation than in the direction of the first axis of symmetry. In this way, symmetrical conditions in the direction of both axes of symmetry can ultimately be set in this bending area.

Wie beschrieben ist jede Bohrung als langlochartige Bohrung mit zwei unterschiedlich langen, orthogonal zueinanderstehenden Symmetrieachsen ausgeführt. Eine solche Bohrung kann beispielsweise mittels eines Fräswerkzeugs gebildet werden, das es ermöglicht, nicht nur eine zylindrische Bohrung einzubringen, sondern diese auch geringfügig in Richtung der ersten Symmetrieachse zu einer langlochartigen Form zu verlängern. Ferner besteht die alternative Möglichkeit, die Bohrung durch Schleifen einer zylindrischen Bohrung langlochartig zu verlängern. Es wird also zunächst eine einfache zylindrische Bohrung eingebracht, die dann zur Bildung der längeren Symmetrieachse definiert ausgeschliffen wird. Eine weitere alternative Möglichkeit der Bohrungsausbildung sieht demgegenüber vor, dass jede Bohrung aus zwei separaten, einander schneidenden Einzelbohrungen, deren Bohrungsachsen in Biegerichtung versetzt zueinander sind, gebildet sind. Jede Bohrung besteht demzufolge aus zwei miteinander schneidenden Einzelbohrungen. Diese sind in Biegerichtung minimal versetzt zueinander, das heißt, dass ihre Bohrungsachsen in Biegerichtung minimal beabstandet sind, und zwar um den Abstand der erwarteten maximalen Durchbiegung, die beispielsweise im Bereich von 0,1 - 0,3 mm liegt. Die Ausbildung der Bohrung über zwei separate Einzelbohrungen hat einerseits den Vorteil, dass die Bohrung als solche einfach einzubringen ist, da die Ausbildung der Bohrungen lediglich eine einfache Linearbewegung des Bohrwerkzeugs erfordert. Darüber hinaus kann ein Bohrwerkzeug verwendet werden, das einen kleineren Durchmesser aufweist als ein Bohrwerkzeug, das zur Herstellung einer kreisrunden, zentrischen Bohrung, wie bisher im Stand der Technik üblich, verwendet wird (dies gilt gleichermaßen auch bei Verwendung eines Fräsers, auch dieser kann mit kleinerem Durchmesser gewählt werden). Denn es ist lediglich sicherzustellen, dass der Durchmesser der beiden Einzelbohrungen ausreichend groß ist, dass die Spindel, gesehen in Richtung der zweiten Symmetrieachse, noch ausreichend, wenngleich über einen deutlich schmäleren Spalt beabstandet zur Bohrungswand ist, nachdem in Richtung der ersten Symmetrieachse ausreichend Raum für die Aufnahme der Biegung gegeben ist. Bei Ausbildung zweier sich schneidender Einzelbohrungen verbleibt im Schnittbereich, also in Richtung der zweiten Symmetrieachse, geometriebedingt ein minimaler, sich aufgrund des nur minimalen Versatzes der Bohrungsachsen nur um wenige Mikrometer nach innen in die Bohrung erstreckender Steg respektive eine Schulter. Dies verschmälert zwar den Spalt marginal, ihre Höhe ist jedoch derart gering, dass sie sich in keinem Fall nachteilig auf die Spindelbewegung in und gegen die Biegerichtung auswirkt, zumal in Richtung der zweiten Symmetrieachse ohnehin keine Spindeldeformation gegeben ist.As described, each bore is designed as a slot-like bore with two axes of symmetry of different lengths that are orthogonal to one another. Such a bore can be formed, for example, by means of a milling tool, which not only makes it possible to introduce a cylindrical bore, but also to lengthen it slightly in the direction of the first axis of symmetry to form a slot-like shape. There is also the alternative possibility of lengthening the bore by grinding a cylindrical bore in the manner of a slot. A simple cylindrical bore is therefore first introduced, which is then ground out in a defined manner to form the longer axis of symmetry. In contrast, a further alternative possibility of forming the bore provides that each bore is formed from two separate, intersecting individual bores, the bore axes of which are offset relative to one another in the bending direction. Accordingly, each bore consists of two intersecting individual bores. These are minimally offset from one another in the bending direction, which means that their borehole axes are minimally spaced apart in the bending direction, specifically by the distance of the expected maximum deflection, which is in the range of 0.1-0.3 mm, for example. The formation of the bore via two separate individual bores has the advantage on the one hand that the bore as such is easy to make, since the formation of the bore requires only a simple linear movement of the drilling tool. In addition, a drilling tool can be used that has a smaller diameter than a drilling tool that is used to produce a circular, central bore, as has been customary in the prior art (this also applies to the use of a milling cutter, this can also be selected with a smaller diameter). Because it only has to be ensured that the diameter of the two individual bores is sufficiently large that the spindle, viewed in the direction of the second axis of symmetry, is still sufficiently spaced from the bore wall, albeit by a significantly narrower gap, after there is sufficient space in the direction of the first axis of symmetry for the absorption of the bend is given. When two intersecting individual bores are formed, a minimal web or shoulder remains in the intersection area, i.e. in the direction of the second axis of symmetry, due to the geometry and due to the minimal offset of the bore axes only a few micrometers inwards into the bore. Although this marginally narrows the gap, its height is so small that it in no case has a negative effect on the spindle movement in and against the bending direction, especially since there is no spindle deformation in the direction of the second axis of symmetry anyway.

Die beiden Einzelbohrungen erstrecken sich zweckmäßigerweise über die gesamte Länge des Gehäuses, was deren Ausbildung vereinfacht. Bei dem Gehäuse kann es sich, wie beschrieben, um ein komplettes Gehäuse respektive einen zentralen Gehäuseblock handeln, der lediglich noch über zwei Deckel geschlossen wird. Alternativ kann es sich bei dem Gehäuse auch um einen Einsatz handeln, der in ein entsprechendes Außengehäuse eingesetzt wird.The two individual bores expediently extend over the entire length of the housing, which simplifies their formation. As described, the housing can be a complete housing or a central housing block that is only closed by two covers. Alternatively, the housing can also be an insert that is inserted into a corresponding outer housing.

Alternativ zu der Ausgestaltung, bei der sich die beiden Einzelbohrungen jeder Bohrung über die gesamte Gehäuselänge erstrecken, kann es gemäß einer Erfindungsvariante auch möglich sein, dass jede Bohrung aus zwei axial aneinander anschließenden Bohrungsabschnitten besteht, wobei die Zentralachsen jedes Bohrungsabschnitts gegeneinander angestellt sind. Bei dieser Erfindungsausgestaltung setzt sich demzufolge jede Bohrung aus zwei separaten Bohrungsabschnitten zusammen, wobei jeder Bohrungsabschnitt wiederum aus zwei separaten Einzelbohrungen wie vorstehend beschrieben gebildet ist. Die Bohrungsabschnitte gehen natürlich ineinander über, stehen aber nicht in axialer Anordnung respektive fluchten nicht axial miteinander, sondern sind marginal zueinander gewinkelt. Die Anstellung ist derart gewählt, dass hierüber näherungsweise die Biegegeometrie der Spindel abgebildet wird. Das heißt, dass jeder Bohrungsabschnitt, der an einer Gehäuseseite beginnt und zur Gehäusemitte läuft, minimal schräg verläuft, sodass sich, querschnittlich gesehen, quasi eine minimale V-Form ergibt, wobei die Spitze des V in die Biegerichtung zeigt. Diese Bohrungsgeometrie nimmt daher die Spindelbiegegeometrie auf, sodass die Bohrungsgeometrie sich noch besser den tatsächlichen Verhältnissen anpasst und insbesondere der aus der langlochartigen Form resultierende, der Biegung angepasste Spalt noch besser an die Spindelbiegung, in axialer Richtung gesehen, adaptiert ist.As an alternative to the configuration in which the two individual bores of each bore extend over the entire length of the housing, it can also be possible according to a variant of the invention for each bore to consist of two bore sections that axially adjoin one another, with the central axes of each bore section being set against one another. In this embodiment of the invention, each bore is therefore composed of two separate bore sections, each bore section in turn being formed from two separate individual bores as described above. The bore sections naturally merge into one another, but are not in an axial arrangement or are not axially aligned with one another, but are marginally angled towards one another. The position is chosen in such a way that this approximately maps the bending geometry of the spindle. This means that each bore section, which begins on one side of the housing and runs to the middle of the housing, runs at a minimal angle, so that, viewed in cross section, a quasi minimal V-shape results, with the tip of the V pointing in the bending direction. This bore geometry therefore takes up the spindle bending geometry, so that the bore geometry adapts even better to the actual conditions and, in particular, the gap resulting from the elongated hole-like shape and adapted to the bending is even better adapted to the spindle bending, seen in the axial direction.

Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei der Schraubenspindelpumpe um eine doppelflutige Pumpe, das heißt, dass jede Schraubenspindel zwei axial benachbarte, gegengleich steigende Schneckenprofile aufweist, die bevorzugt näherungsweise im Bereich der Längsmitte der jeweiligen Schraubenspindeln bzw. näherungsweise symmetrisch zur Längsmitte vorgesehen sind. Bei dieser doppelflutigen Pumpenform sind entsprechende, entgegengesetzt laufende Schneckenprofile vorgesehen, die sich aus dem Bereich der Spindelmitte in Richtung der Spindelenden, wo die Spindel gelagert ist, erstrecken. Alternativ kann es sich aber auch um eine einflutige Pumpe handeln, bei der jede Spindel nur ein in eine Richtung steigendes Schneckenprofil aufweist.The screw spindle pump is preferably a double-flow pump, i.e. each screw spindle has two axially adjacent, oppositely increasing screw profiles, which are preferably provided approximately in the area of the longitudinal center of the respective screw spindles or approximately symmetrically to the longitudinal center. In this double-flow type of pump, corresponding screw profiles running in opposite directions are provided, which extend from the region of the center of the spindle in the direction of the ends of the spindle, where the spindle is mounted. Alternatively, however, it can also be a single-flow pump in which each screw has only one screw profile that rises in one direction.

Die Schraubenspindelpumpe selbst ist entweder eine reine Flüssigkeitspumpe. Alternativ kann es sich aber auch um eine Mehrphasenpumpe handeln, die also neben einer reinen Flüssigkeit auch ein Flüssigkeits-Gas-Gemisch fördern kann.The screw pump itself is either a pure liquid pump. Alternatively, however, it can also be a multiphase pump, which can also pump a liquid-gas mixture in addition to a pure liquid.

Neben der Schraubenspindelpumpe selbst betrifft die Erfindung ferner ein Gehäuse für eine Schraubenspindelpumpe der beschriebenen Art. Das Gehäuse weist eine Laufbohrung, bestehend aus wenigstens zwei einander schneidenden Bohrungen zur Aufnahme jeweils einer Spindel auf, wobei die Spindeln abschnittsweise miteinander kämmende Schneckenprofile aufweisen und sich im Betrieb der Schraubenspindelpumpe durch einen hydraulischen Biegedruck in eine definierte Biegerichtung verbiegen. Dieses Gehäuse, bei dem es sich um das eigentliche Pumpengehäuse handeln kann, oder um einen Einsatz in einem Außengehäuse, zeichnet sich erfindungsgemäß dadurch aus, dass jede Bohrung langlochartig mit einer längeren ersten Symmetrieachse und einer orthogonal dazu stehenden kürzeren zweiten Symmetrieachse ausgeführt ist, wobei die längere erste Symmetrieachse in der Biegerichtung verläuft.In addition to the screw pump itself, the invention also relates to a housing for a screw pump of the type described. The housing has a running bore, consisting of at least two intersecting bores for accommodating one spindle each, the spindles having screw profiles that mesh with one another in sections and during operation of the Bend the screw pump in a defined bending direction using hydraulic bending pressure. This casing, which can be the actual pump casing, or an insert in one Outer housing is characterized according to the invention in that each bore is designed as a slot with a longer first axis of symmetry and a shorter second axis of symmetry orthogonal thereto, with the longer first axis of symmetry running in the bending direction.

Dabei ist bevorzugt jede Bohrung aus zwei separaten, einander schneidenden Einzelbohrungen, deren Bohrungsachsen in Biegerichtung versetzt zueinander sind, gebildet. Alternativ kann die langlochartige Bohrung auch als eine gefräste Bohrung ausgeführt sein, d.h., dass das Fräswerkzeug zur Verlängerung der Bohrung unter Bildung der längeren Symmetrieachse entsprechend geführt wird. Eine weitere Alternative sieht vor, dass die langlochartige Bohrung aus einer zylindrischen Bohrung geschliffen wird, d.h., dass gezielt lokal Material durch Schleifen abgetragen wird, um die längere Symmetrieachse auszubilden.In this case, each bore is preferably formed from two separate, intersecting individual bores, the bore axes of which are offset relative to one another in the bending direction. Alternatively, the slot-like bore can also be designed as a milled bore, i.e. the milling tool is guided accordingly to lengthen the bore while forming the longer axis of symmetry. A further alternative provides that the slot-like bore is ground from a cylindrical bore, i.e. that material is removed locally in a targeted manner by grinding in order to form the longer axis of symmetry.

Jede der beiden Einzelbohrungen kann sich über die gesamte Länge des Gehäuses erstrecken, das heißt, dass die gesamte Bohrung aus diesen beiden axial verlaufenden Einzelbohrungen besteht. Alternativ dazu ist es denkbar, dass jede Bohrung aus zwei axial aneinander anschließenden Bohrungsabschnitten besteht, wobei die Zentralachsen jedes Bohrungsabschnitts und damit die Zentralachsen der Einzelbohrungen eines Bohrungsabschnitts zu denen des anderen Bohrungsabschnitts gegeneinander angestellt sind. Hier wird also jeder Bohrungsabschnitt aus zwei separaten Einzelbohrungen gebildet, wobei deren Bohrungsachsen geringfügig zueinander angestellt sind, also einen Winkel ungleich 180° zueinander einnehmen und nicht miteinander fluchten. Dies ermöglicht es, die gesamte Bohrungsgeometrie minimal der Biegelinie folgend zu verkippen.Each of the two individual bores can extend over the entire length of the housing, which means that the entire bore consists of these two individual bores running axially. Alternatively, it is conceivable that each bore consists of two bore sections axially adjoining one another, with the central axes of each bore section and thus the central axes of the individual bores of one bore section being set against those of the other bore section. In this case, therefore, each bore section is formed from two separate individual bores, the bore axes of which are set slightly to one another, that is to say at an angle other than 180° to one another and are not aligned with one another. This makes it possible to tilt the entire bore geometry minimally following the bending line.

Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gehäuses für eine Schraubenspindelpumpe der vorstehend beschriebenen Art, umfassend eine aus wenigstens zwei einander schneidenden Bohrungen gebildete Laufbohrung. Dieses Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass zur Ausbildung jeder Bohrung wenigstens zwei separate, einander schneidende Einzelbohrungen, deren Bohrungsachsen versetzt zueinander sind, in einen Gehäusekörper gebohrt werden. Die beiden Einzelbohrungen respektive deren Bohrungsachsen sind in einer vorab definierten Biegerichtung zueinander versetzt.Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method for producing a housing for a screw pump of the type described above, comprising a running bore formed from at least two intersecting bores. This method is characterized in that for the formation of each bore at least two separate, intersecting individual bores whose bore axes are offset from one another, in one Housing body are drilled. The two individual bores or their bore axes are offset from one another in a previously defined bending direction.

Weiterhin kann vorgesehen sein, dass sich die Einzelbohrungen über die gesamte Länge des Gehäusekörpers erstrecken. Alternativ kann jede Bohrung auch aus zwei axial aneinander anschließenden Bohrungsabschnitten bestehen, wobei die Zentralachsen jedes Bohrungsabschnitts gegeneinander angestellt sind, wobei zur Ausbildung der Bohrungsabschnitte an beiden einander gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Gehäusekörpers jeweils zwei separate Einzelbohrungen gebohrt werden. Die Bohrungsabschnitte respektive die Einzelbohrungen treffen sich in der Gehäusemitte, wo der Bereich der maximalen Spindelbiegung ist.Furthermore, it can be provided that the individual bores extend over the entire length of the housing body. Alternatively, each hole can also consist of two axially adjoining hole sections, the central axes of each hole section being set against one another, with two separate individual holes being drilled on both opposite sides of the housing body to form the hole sections. The bore sections or the individual bores meet in the middle of the housing, where the area of maximum spindle deflection is.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus den im Folgenden beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen sowie anhand der Zeichnungen. Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Perspektivansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Schraubenspindelpumpe im teilweise aufgeschnittenen Zustand,
Fig. 2
das ausgeschnittene innere Gehäuse nebst zweier Spindeln der Schraubenspindelpumpe aus Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Stirnseitenansicht des Gehäuses aus Fig. 2 unter Darstellung der Laufbohrung,
Fig. 4
eine Prinzipdarstellung zur Ausbildung der beiden die Laufbohrung bildenden Bohrungen, jeweils bestehend aus zwei einander schneidenden Einzelbohrungen,
Fig. 5
eine Prinzipdarstellung einer langlochartigen Bohrung nebst deachsiert darin angeordneter Spindel im unbelasteten Zustand,
Fig. 6
die Anordnung aus Fig. 5 mit belasteter Spindel,
Fig. 7
eine Prinzipdarstellung einer zentrischen Bohrung mit deachsiert angeordneter Spindel gemäß Stand der Technik,
Fig. 8
die Anordnung aus Fig. 7 mit belasteter Spindel, und
Fig. 9
eine Prinzipdarstellung einer Schraubenspindelpumpe respektive eines Gehäuses mit zwei unter einem Winkel zueinander angestellten Bohrungabschnitten.
Further advantages and details of the present invention result from the exemplary embodiments described below and from the drawings. show:
1
a perspective view of a screw pump according to the invention in a partially cut-away state,
2
the cut out inner housing together with two spindles of the screw spindle pump 1 ,
3
an end view of the housing 2 showing the barrel bore,
4
a schematic representation of the formation of the two bores forming the barrel bore, each consisting of two intersecting individual bores,
figure 5
a basic representation of a slot-like bore together with a spindle arranged off-axis in it in the unloaded state,
6
the arrangement figure 5 with loaded spindle,
7
a schematic diagram of a central bore with a spindle arranged off-axis according to the prior art,
8
the arrangement 7 with loaded spindle, and
9
a schematic diagram of a screw pump or a housing with two bore sections set at an angle to one another.

Fig. 1 zeigt in Form einer teilweise aufgeschnittenen Perspektivansicht eine erfindungsgemäße doppelflutige Schraubenspindelpumpe 1, umfassend ein Außengehäuse 2 mit einem inneren, als Einsatz ausgeführten Gehäuse 3, in dem, siehe Fig. 2, zwei Spindeln 4, 5 angeordnet sind, die dem Ansaugen, Fördern und Abgeben eines Fluids oder eines Flüssigkeit-Gas-Gemisches dienen. Hierzu ist gehäuseseitig ein Einlass vorgesehen, wie durch den Pfeil P1 dargestellt, über den das Fluid angesaugt wird. Über einen im gezeigten Beispiel um 90 Grad angeordneten, nicht näher gezeigten Auslass, wie durch den Pfeil P2 dargestellt, wird das Fluid unter Druck abgegeben. 1 shows in the form of a partially cut-away perspective view a double-suction screw pump 1 according to the invention, comprising an outer housing 2 with an inner housing 3 designed as an insert, in which, cf 2 , Two spindles 4, 5 are arranged, which serve to suck in, convey and discharge a fluid or a liquid-gas mixture. For this purpose, an inlet is provided on the housing side, as shown by the arrow P1, through which the fluid is drawn in. The fluid is discharged under pressure via an outlet which is arranged at 90 degrees in the example shown and is not shown in detail, as represented by the arrow P2.

Die beiden Spindeln 4, 5 weisen jeweils zwei Schneckenprofile 6, 7 bzw. 8, 9 auf, wobei die jeweiligen Schneckenprofilpaare 6, 7 und 8, 9 gegenläufige Steigungen aufweisen. Das heißt, dass es sich um eine doppelflutige Schraubenspindelpumpe 1 handelt. Dabei kämen in an sich bekannter Weise die Schneckenprofile 6 und 8 miteinander, ebenso wie die Schneckenprofile 7 und 9.The two spindles 4, 5 each have two screw profiles 6, 7 and 8, 9, respectively, the respective screw profile pairs 6, 7 and 8, 9 having opposite pitches. This means that it is a double-flow screw pump 1. The screw profiles 6 and 8 would come together in a manner known per se, as would the screw profiles 7 and 9.

Die beiden Schraubenspindeln 4, 5 sind im Bereich ihrer jeweiligen Enden über entsprechende Lagermittel 10, 11 bzw. 12, 13 abgestützt und drehgelagert, wobei es sich bei den Lagermitteln 10 - 13 in der Regel um Gleitlager handelt.The two screw spindles 4, 5 are supported and rotatably mounted in the area of their respective ends via corresponding bearing means 10, 11 or 12, 13, with the bearing means 10-13 generally being plain bearings.

Die beiden Spindeln 4, 5 sind in einer Laufbohrung 14 aufgenommen, die die Form einer "liegenden 8" aufweist und die als Prinzipdarstellung in Fig. 3 gezeigt ist. Fig. 3 zeigt eine stirnseitige Ansicht des Gehäuses 3 mit Blick auf die Laufbohrung 14, die sich axial geradlinig durch das Gehäuse 3 erstreckt.The two spindles 4, 5 are accommodated in a barrel bore 14, which has the shape of a "lying 8" and which is shown as a schematic diagram in 3 shown is. 3 shows an end view of the housing 3 with a view of the barrel bore 14, which extends axially in a straight line through the housing 3.

Die Laufbohrung 14 besteht aus zwei separaten Bohrungen 15, 16, die einander schneiden, sodass sich zwei mittige Schultern 17 ergeben. In jeweils einer Bohrung 15, 16 ist eine Spindel 4, 5 aufgenommen und rotiert in dieser, wobei eine Spindel die mit einem Antriebsmotor gekoppelte Antriebsspindel ist, während die andere Spindel die Laufspindel ist. Im gezeigten Beispiel ist exemplarisch die Spindel 5 die Antriebsspindel, während die Spindel 4 die folgende Laufspindel ist. Die Spindeln 4, 5 sind in der Laufbohrung 14 bzw. den Bohrungen 15, 16 mit Abstand zur benachbarten Bohrungsinnenwand aufgenommen, so dass die berührungsfrei rotieren können. Es bildet sich folglich ein beide Spindeln 4, 5 umlaufender Spalt an, der ebenfalls die Form einer "liegenden 8" aufweist.The barrel bore 14 consists of two separate bores 15, 16 which intersect so that two central shoulders 17 result. A spindle 4, 5 is accommodated in each bore 15, 16 and rotates in it, one spindle being the drive spindle coupled to a drive motor, while the other spindle is the idler spindle. In the example shown, spindle 5 is the drive spindle, while spindle 4 is the following idler spindle. The spindles 4, 5 are accommodated in the barrel bore 14 or the bores 15, 16 at a distance from the adjacent inner wall of the bore, so that they can rotate without contact. Consequently, a gap is formed surrounding both spindles 4, 5, which also has the shape of a "lying figure 8".

Erfindungsgemäß ist jede der Bohrungen 15, 16 langlochartig ausgeführt, das heißt, dass jede Bohrung 15, 16 keine kreisrunde Bohrung ist, sondern eine längere und eine kürzere Symmetrieachse aufweist. Natürlich schneiden sich die beiden Bohrungen 15, 16, gleichwohl aber ist jeder Bohrung eine definierte, spezifische Langloch-Geometrie zuzuordnen.According to the invention, each of the bores 15, 16 is embodied as a slot, which means that each bore 15, 16 is not a circular bore but has a longer and a shorter axis of symmetry. Of course, the two holes 15, 16 intersect, but each hole is assigned a defined, specific elongated hole geometry.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine diesbezügliche Prinzipdarstellung. Gezeigt sind die beiden Bohrungen 15, 16. Jede Bohrung 15, 16 besteht aus zwei einander schneidenden Einzelbohrungen 18, 19 im Falle der Bohrung 15 sowie 20, 21 im Falle der Bohrung 16. Die beiden Einzelbohrungspaare 18, 19 respektive 20, 21 weisen jeweilige Bohrungs- oder Zentralachsen Z1 und Z2 auf, die hier jedoch in einer Biegerichtung R voneinander beabstandet sind. Diese Biegerichtung R ist die Richtung, in der sich die jeweilige Spindel 4, 5 aufgrund des im Gehäuse 3 gegebenen hydraulischen Biegedrucks, resultierend aus der Druckdifferenz zwischen der Saugseite und der Druckseite, verbiegt. Diese Biegung ist zwar minimal, jedoch gegeben, resultierend aus der quasi endseitigen Abstützung der Spindeln 4, 5 über die Lagermittel 10 - 13. Diese definierte, in der Biegerichtung R erfolgende Biegedeformation führt nun dazu, dass die Schneckenprofile 6, 7, 8, 9 ihre Position relativ zur Bohrungsinnenwand, verglichen mit dem unbelasteten Zustand, geringfügig ändern, sodass, worauf nachfolgend noch eingegangen wird, der entsprechende, die jeweilige Spindel 4, 5 respektive das jeweilige Schneckenprofil 6 - 9 umgebende Spalt in seiner Breite variiert. 4 shows a relevant representation of the principle. The two bores 15, 16 are shown. Each bore 15, 16 consists of two intersecting individual bores 18, 19 in the case of bore 15 and 20, 21 in the case of bore 16. The two pairs of individual bores 18, 19 and 20, 21 have respective Bore or central axes Z1 and Z2, which are spaced apart in a bending direction R here. This bending direction R is the direction in which the respective spindle 4, 5 bends due to the hydraulic bending pressure in the housing 3, resulting from the pressure difference between the suction side and the pressure side. Although this bending is minimal, it does result from the more or less end-side support of the spindles 4, 5 via the bearing means 10 - 13. This defined bending deformation, which takes place in the bending direction R, now means that the screw profiles 6, 7, 8, 9 their position relative to the inner wall of the bore compared to the unloaded one Condition change slightly, so that, which will be discussed below, the corresponding, the respective spindle 4, 5 or the respective screw profile 6 - 9 surrounding gap varies in width.

In Fig. 4 sind die jeweiligen Einzelbohrungen 18, 19 bzw. 20, 21 allein zu Übersichtlichkeitsgründen deutlich weit um das Abstandsmaß a mit ihren Zentralachsen Z1 voneinander beabstandet. Tatsächlich beträgt das Abstandsmaß a beispielsweise nur 0,1 - 0,3 mm, ist also minimal, gleichwohl aber messbar.In 4 For reasons of clarity, the respective individual bores 18, 19 or 20, 21 are clearly far apart from one another by the distance a with their central axes Z1. In fact, the distance a is only 0.1 - 0.3 mm, for example, so it is minimal, but still measurable.

Dieser Versatz der Einzelbohrungen 18, 19 in der Biegerichtung R führt nun dazu, dass die sich ergebende Bohrung 15, 16 eine langlochartige Geometrie hat, also nicht mehr eine kreisrunde Bohrungsform respektive Innenwandungsform, sondern eine geringfügig langgestreckte Bohrungsform. Jede Einzelbohrung 15, 16 weist daher eine längere erste Symmetrieachse S1 auf, die sich in Biegerichtung R erstreckt, sowie eine dazu orthogonal stehende zweite, kürzere Symmetrieachse S2. Für die Bohrung 15 sind die Symmetrieachsen S1, S2 dargestellt, die Geometrie der Bohrung 16 ist identisch. Der Längenunterschied der Symmetrieachsen S1 und S2 zueinander entspricht letztlich dem Abstandsmaß a der beiden Zentralachsen Z1, Z2, er beträgt also mithin ebenfalls ca. 0,1 - 0,3 mm.This offset of the individual bores 18, 19 in the bending direction R now means that the resulting bore 15, 16 has a slot-like geometry, i.e. no longer a circular bore shape or inner wall shape, but a slightly elongated bore shape. Each individual bore 15, 16 therefore has a longer first axis of symmetry S1, which extends in the bending direction R, and a second, shorter axis of symmetry S2 that is orthogonal thereto. The symmetry axes S1, S2 are shown for the bore 15, the geometry of the bore 16 is identical. The difference in length between the axes of symmetry S1 and S2 ultimately corresponds to the distance a between the two central axes Z1, Z2, so it is also approximately 0.1-0.3 mm.

Wie beschrieben handelt es sich bei Fig. 4 um eine reine Prinzipdarstellung mit jeweiligen Einzelbohrungen 18, 19 bzw. 20, 21, die übertrieben weit voneinander beabstandet sind. Hieraus resultierend ergibt sich in Fig. 4 jeweils an der rechten Seite der Bohrung 15 bzw. an der linken Seite der Bohrung 16 eine Schulter. Diese ist jedoch tatsächlich bei dem gegebenen minimalen Achsversatz a nur marginal ausgeprägt, sie hat eine Höhe von wenigen Mikrometern und behindert demzufolge die Spindelbewegung respektive- verbiegung nicht und hat ebenfalls auch keinen Einfluss auf den Pumpenbetrieb.As described, it is 4 a purely schematic representation with respective individual bores 18, 19 and 20, 21, which are exaggeratedly spaced from each other. This results in in 4 in each case on the right side of the bore 15 and on the left side of the bore 16 a shoulder. However, this is actually only marginally pronounced with the given minimum axis offset a, it has a height of a few micrometers and therefore does not impede the spindle movement or bending and also has no influence on the pump operation.

Die Funktionsweise dieser langlochartigen Ausgestaltung der Bohrungen 15, 16 im Vergleich zu einer bisher im Stand der Technik üblichen, rein zentrischen Bohrung wird anhand der Fig. 5 und 6 im Vergleich zu den Fig. 7 und 8 deutlich. Die Fig. 5 zeigt in Form einer Prinzipdarstellung eine langlochartige Bohrung 15, die hier aus Beschreibungs- und Darstellungsgründen geschlossen dargestellt ist (die folgende, das grundlegende Prinzip darlegende Beschreibung gilt natürlich gleichermaßen auch für die zweite langlochartige Bohrung 16, die sich mit der Bohrung 15 zur 8er-förmigen Laufbohrung 14 ergänzt). Gezeigt ist des Weiteren als Prinzipdarstellung die Spindel 4 bzw. der Außenumfang des Schneckenprofils 6. Wie Fig. 5 zeigt, bildet sich zwischen der Innenwand 22 der langlochartigen Bohrung 15 und dem Außenumfang 23 des Schneckenprofils 6 ein im gezeigten Beispiel ringförmig umlaufender Spaltraum 24, in dem sich im Betrieb zur Förderung das Fluid sammelt (in der Laufbohrung ist der der jeweiligen Bohrung 15, 16 zuzuordnende Spalt nur ringsegmentartig, wobei sich die beiden Ringsegmente zur "8er"-Form ergänzen). Dargestellt ist des Weiteren die längere erste Symmetrieachse S1 sowie die kürzere zweite Symmetrieachse S2. Ebenfalls dargestellt ist der Durchmesser D der Spindel 4 sowie deren Längs- bzw. Zentralachse ZS. Diese ist ersichtlich um ein Abstandsmaß b von der Längsmitte bzw. der Zentralachse Z der Bohrung 15 beabstandet, und zwar entgegen der Biegerichtung R. Das heißt, dass sie, gesehen in Fig. 5, etwas nach oben aus der Mitte der Bohrung 15 versetzt ist. Das Abstandsmaß b entspricht letztlich dem Abstandsmaß a, um welches die beiden Einzelbohrungen 18, 19 versetzt sind, über die die Bohrung 15 gebildet ist.The mode of operation of this slot-like configuration of the bores 15, 16 in comparison to a purely centric one previously customary in the prior art Bore is based on the figure 5 and 6 compared to the Figures 7 and 8 clear. the figure 5 shows, in the form of a schematic representation, a slot-like bore 15, which is shown closed here for reasons of description and representation (the following description, which sets out the basic principle, of course also applies equally to the second slot-like bore 16, which together with the bore 15 forms an 8-shaped Barrel bore 14 added). The spindle 4 or the outer circumference of the screw profile 6 is also shown as a schematic representation figure 5 shows, between the inner wall 22 of the slot-like bore 15 and the outer circumference 23 of the screw profile 6, a gap space 24 is formed, which in the example shown is ring-shaped, all the way around, in which the fluid collects during operation for delivery (in the barrel bore is that of the respective bore 15, 16 assigned gap only like a ring segment, whereby the two ring segments complement each other to form the "8" shape). Also shown is the longer first axis of symmetry S1 and the shorter second axis of symmetry S2. Also shown is the diameter D of the spindle 4 and its longitudinal or central axis ZS. This can be seen at a distance b from the longitudinal center or the central axis Z of the bore 15, specifically counter to the bending direction R. This means that, seen in figure 5 , is offset slightly upwards from the center of the bore 15. The distance b ultimately corresponds to the distance a, by which the two individual bores 18, 19 are offset, over which the bore 15 is formed.

Wirkt nun im Betrieb ein hydraulischer Biegedruck in Richtung der Biegerichtung R auf die Spindel 4, so biegt sich diese geringfügig. Fig. 6 zeigt diese Betriebssituation, wobei hier der Bereich der maximalen Spindelbiegung gezeigt ist. Ersichtlich fallen die Zentralachse ZS der Spindel 4 und die Zentralachse Z der Bohrung 15 exemplarisch zusammen. Die Spindel 4 biegt sich also in der Bohrung 15 etwas nach unten. Dies führt dazu, dass die Breite B1 des hier ringförmigen Spalts oder Spaltraums 24, gesehen in Richtung der ersten, längeren Symmetrieachse S1 und damit in Biegerichtung R, nahezu gleich ist, verglichen mit dem unbelasteten Zustand. Gesehen in Richtung der zweiten, kürzeren Symmetrieachse S2 jedoch ist die Breite B2 des Spaltraums 24 deutlich schmäler. Die Spaltraumbreite verändert sich folglich um den Umfang bzw. schnürt sich vom oberen und unteren Achspunkt auf der ersten Symmetrieachse S1 zu den seitlichen Achspunkten auf der zweiten Symmetrieachse S2 ein, was auch im Fall einer Laufbohrung gegeben ist. Dies resultiert aus dem Umstand, dass die beiden Einzelbohrungen 18, 19 jeweils einen Bohrungsdurchmesser d1 bzw. d2 aufweisen, der etwas kleiner ist als der Durchmesser, den eine rein zentrische Bohrung aufweisen würde. Eine solche zentrische Bohrung 25, wie sie im Stand der Technik vorgesehen wäre, ist in Fig. 6 gestrichelt eingezeichnet. Ersichtlich entspräche der Durchmesser einer solchen zentrischen Bohrung der Länge der längeren ersten Symmetrieachse S1. Gesehen in Richtung der kürzeren zweiten Symmetrieachse S2 zeigt der Vergleich in Fig. 6 deutlich, dass die breite B2 des Spaltraums 24 deutlich kleiner ist verglichen mit der Situation bei einer zentrischen Bohrung 25. Hieraus resultiert, wie Fig. 6 ferner deutlich zeigt, dass die gesamte Querschnittsfläche des Spaltraums 24 bei Ausgestaltung einer langlochförmigen Bohrung 15 gegenüber der Querschnittsfläche bei Ausbildung einer zentrischen Bohrung 25 deutlich kleiner ist, was wiederum dazu führt, dass ein etwaiges Leckagevolumen deutlich reduziert werden kann und demzufolge das Fördervolumen wie auch die Effizienz der Schraubenspindelpumpe verbessert werden kann.If a hydraulic bending pressure acts on the spindle 4 in the direction of the bending direction R during operation, the latter bends slightly. 6 shows this operating situation, showing the area of maximum spindle deflection. As can be seen, the central axis ZS of the spindle 4 and the central axis Z of the bore 15 coincide as an example. The spindle 4 thus bends in the bore 15 somewhat downwards. As a result, the width B1 of the annular gap or gap space 24 seen in the direction of the first, longer axis of symmetry S1 and thus in the bending direction R is almost the same compared to the unloaded state. Viewed in the direction of the second, shorter axis of symmetry S2, however, the width B2 of the gap space 24 is significantly narrower. The gap width consequently changes around the circumference or narrows from the upper and lower axis point on the first axis of symmetry S1 to the lateral axis points on the second axis of symmetry S2, which is also given in the case of a barrel bore. This results from the fact that the two individual bores 18, 19 each have a bore diameter d1 or d2, which is slightly smaller than the diameter that a purely central bore would have. Such a central bore 25, as would be provided in the prior art, is 6 drawn in dashed. As can be seen, the diameter of such a central bore would correspond to the length of the longer first axis of symmetry S1. Viewed in the direction of the shorter second axis of symmetry S2, the comparison in 6 clear that the width B2 of the gap space 24 is significantly smaller compared to the situation with a central bore 25. This results in how 6 also clearly shows that the total cross-sectional area of the gap space 24 is significantly smaller when a slot-shaped bore 15 is formed compared to the cross-sectional area when a central bore 25 is formed, which in turn means that any leakage volume can be significantly reduced and consequently the delivery volume as well as the Efficiency of the screw pump can be improved.

Die Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen zum Vergleich die Anordnung der Spindel 4 in einer zentrischen Bohrung 25, also einer Bohrung mit einem konstanten Durchmesser, der der Länge der ersten Symmetrieachse S1 entspricht. Auch hier ist die Zentralachse ZS der Spindel 4 deachsiert zur Zentralachse Z der kreisrunden zentrischen Bohrung 25, es ist also auch hier eine Deachsierung entgegen der Biegerichtung R gegeben.the Figures 7 and 8 show for comparison the arrangement of the spindle 4 in a central bore 25, ie a bore with a constant diameter which corresponds to the length of the first axis of symmetry S1. Here, too, the central axis ZS of the spindle 4 is offset from the central axis Z of the circular central bore 25, so there is also an offset against the bending direction R here.

Wird nun im Betrieb die Spindel 4 belastet, so verbiegt sie sich geringförmig, wie in Fig. 8 gezeigt ist. Ersichtlich liegt dann die Spindel 4 quasi zentrisch in der zentrischen Bohrung 25. Es ergibt sich ein ringförmig umlaufender Spaltraum 24, der um den gesamten Umfang nahezu die gleiche Breite B1 aufweist, also die Spaltbreite, wie sie bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung lediglich im oberen und unteren Achspunkt gegeben ist. Ersichtlich ist die sich in Fig. 8 ergebende Querschnittsfläche des ringförmigen Spaltraums 24 deutlich größer als die Fläche des Spaltraums 24 gemäß Fig. 6.If the spindle 4 is loaded during operation, it bends slightly, as in 8 is shown. As can be seen, the spindle 4 is then located more or less centrally in the central bore 25. The result is an annular circumferential gap space 24 which has almost the same width B1 around the entire circumference, i.e. the gap width as it is in the embodiment according to the invention only in the upper and lower axis point is given. It can be seen in 8 resulting Cross-sectional area of the annular gap space 24 is significantly larger than the area of the gap space 24 according to 6 .

Die erfindungsgemäße Reduzierung der Spaltraumfläche respektive des Abstands der Bohrungsinnenwand von der Spindel gesehen in der Ebene der kürzeren zweiten Symmetrieachse S2 resultiert aus der langlochartigen Ausgestaltung und dem Umstand, dass diese die Möglichkeit bietet, die jeweilige Bohrung aus zwei Einzelbohrungen herzustellen, deren jeweiliger einzelner Durchmesser d1, d2 kleiner ist als der Durchmesser d einer zylindrischen Bohrung, die in gleicher Weise geeignet wäre, die Spindelverbiegung aufzunehmen. Das heißt, dass d1, d2 < d ist.The inventive reduction of the gap space area or the distance of the bore inner wall from the spindle seen in the plane of the shorter second axis of symmetry S2 results from the slot-like design and the fact that this offers the possibility of producing the respective bore from two individual bores, whose respective individual diameter d1 , d2 is smaller than the diameter d of a cylindrical bore which would be equally suitable to accommodate the spindle deflection. That is, d1, d2 < d.

Wenngleich vorstehend beschrieben ist, dass die jeweilige Bohrung 15, 16 über zwei Einzelbohrungen 18, 19 bzw. 20, 21, die nacheinander eingebracht werden und einander schneiden, gebildet ist, besteht grundsätzlich auch die Möglichkeit, die jeweilige Bohrung 15, 16 mittels eines Fräsers zu bilden, der einerseits eine Bohrung einbringt, andererseits aber auch geringfügig in Biegerichtung bewegt werden kann, um die Langlochgeometrie herzustellen. Auch dieser weist einen Durchmesser auf, der kleiner als der Durchmesser eines eine zentrische Bohrung wie im Stand der Technik üblich bildenden Bohrers auf.Although it is described above that the respective bore 15, 16 is formed by two individual bores 18, 19 or 20, 21, which are introduced one after the other and intersect one another, there is in principle also the possibility of drilling the respective bore 15, 16 using a milling cutter to form, which on the one hand introduces a bore, but on the other hand can also be moved slightly in the bending direction in order to produce the elongated hole geometry. This also has a diameter that is smaller than the diameter of a drill forming a central bore as is customary in the prior art.

Beim Ausführungsbeispiel der vorstehend beschriebenen Figuren erstreckt sich jede Bohrung 15, 16 linear durch das Gehäuse 3. Alternativ dazu besteht jedoch die Möglichkeit, die jeweilige Bohrung 15, 16 aus zwei aneinander anschließenden Bohrungsabschnitten auszubilden, deren Zentralachsen geringfügig gegeneinander angestellt sind, um über diese quasi gewinkelt zueinander stehende Ausgestaltung der Bohrungsabschnitte die Form der sich ergebenden Spindelbiegung aufzunehmen. Eine Prinzipdarstellung einer solchen Anordnung ist in Fig. 9 gezeigt. Dort ist exemplarisch das Gehäuse 3 gezeigt sowie die Bohrung 15. Diese besteht aus zwei Bohrungsabschnitten 15a, 15b, wobei jeder Bohrungsabschnitt wiederum aus zwei separaten, miteinander schneidenden Einzelbohrungen 18a, 19a bzw. 18b, 19b besteht, die einander schneiden, wie vorstehend zur ersten Erfindungsalternative beschrieben. Das heißt, dass auch hier die Einzelbohrungen 18a, 19a bzw. 18b, 19b minimal um das Abstandsmaß a in Biegerichtung versetzt sind. Ersichtlich fluchten die Bohrungsabschnitte 15a, 15b nicht miteinander, sondern stehen unter einem Winkel α ≠ 180° zueinander, sind also quasi mittig in der Biegerichtung R verkippt bzw. angestellt.In the embodiment of the figures described above, each bore 15, 16 extends linearly through the housing 3. Alternatively, however, there is the possibility of forming the respective bore 15, 16 from two adjacent bore sections, the central axes of which are slightly offset against each other in order to angled configuration of the bore sections to each other to accommodate the shape of the resulting spindle bending. A schematic diagram of such an arrangement is shown in 9 shown. There, the housing 3 is shown as an example, as well as the bore 15. This consists of two bore sections 15a, 15b, each bore section in turn consisting of two separate, intersecting individual bores 18a, 19a or 18b, 19b, which intersect, as above for the first Alternative invention described. That means that too here the individual bores 18a, 19a or 18b, 19b are minimally offset by the distance a in the bending direction. As can be seen, the bore sections 15a, 15b are not aligned with one another, but are at an angle α≠180° to one another, that is to say they are tilted or positioned more or less centrally in the bending direction R.

Die Fig. 9 zeigt des Weiteren schematisch den Verlauf der Zentralachse ZS der Spindel 4, die aufgrund der Spindelbiegung zwangsläufig ebenfalls geringfügig gebogen ist. Die gewinkelte Anstellung der Bohrungsabschnitte 15a 15b nimmt nun näherungsweise diesen Biegelinien- oder gebogenen Achsverlauf auf, sodass letztlich die sich insgesamt ergebende, quasi gewinkelte oder geknickte Bohrung 15 besser an den sich bei hydraulischer Belastung ergebenden Spindelgeometrie angepasst ist.the 9 FIG. 1 also shows schematically the course of the central axis ZS of the spindle 4, which is inevitably also slightly bent due to the bending of the spindle. The angled position of the bore sections 15a 15b now approximately takes up this bending line or bent axis course, so that ultimately the resulting, quasi angled or kinked bore 15 is better adapted to the spindle geometry resulting from hydraulic loading.

Auch hier gilt natürlich, dass die Biegung und gewinkelte Anstellung rein aus Darstellungsgründen deutlich übertrieben dargestellt ist. Tatsächlich beträgt der Winkel α nur wenige Minuten.Of course, it also applies here that the bend and angled position are clearly exaggerated purely for reasons of representation. In fact, the angle α is only a few minutes.

Wenngleich die beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiele, insbesondere die Fig. 1 - 4, eine doppelflutige Schraubenspindelpumpe mit zwei Spindeln zeigt, ist die Erfindung hierauf natürlich nicht beschränkt. Vielmehr kann es sich auch um eine einflutige Schraubenspindelpumpe handeln, wo also an jeder Spindel nur ein Schneckenprofil vorgesehen ist. Daneben können auch mehr als zwei Spindel vorgesehen sein, das heißt, dass eine zentrale Arbeitsspindel und zwei parallele Laufspindeln vorgesehen sind. Grundsätzlich kann die erfindungsgemäße langlochartige Ausgestaltung der jeweiligen Spindelbohrung überall dort angewendet werden, wo im Betrieb aufgrund der gegebenen hydraulischen Druckverhältnisse eine Spindelbiegung gegeben und auszugleichen ist.Although the exemplary embodiments described, in particular the Figures 1 - 4 , shows a double-suction screw pump with two spindles, the invention is of course not limited to this. Rather, it can also be a single-flow screw spindle pump, where only one screw profile is provided on each spindle. In addition, more than two spindles can also be provided, which means that a central working spindle and two parallel running spindles are provided. In principle, the slot-like configuration of the respective spindle bore according to the invention can be used wherever a spindle deflection occurs during operation and has to be compensated for due to the given hydraulic pressure conditions.

Claims (15)

  1. Screw spindle pump, comprising a housing (3) having a running bore (14) consisting of at least two intersecting bores (15, 16) in which in each case one spindle (4, 5) is received, wherein the spindles (4, 5) have screw profiles (6, 7, 8, 9) meshing with one another in sections and, during operation, bend in a defined bending direction (R) as a result of a hydraulic bending pressure, characterized in that each bore (15, 16) is formed in the manner of an elongated hole with a relatively long first axis of symmetry (S1) and with a relatively short second axis of symmetry (S2) which is orthogonal thereto, wherein the relatively long first axis of symmetry (S1) extends in the bending direction (R).
  2. Screw spindle pump according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in the unloaded state, the spindles (4, 5) are arranged in a manner offset from the centre (Z) of the first axis of symmetry (S1).
  3. Screw spindle pump according to Claim 2, characterized in that the spindles (4, 5) are positioned in such a way that, for a defined difference in pressure between a suction side and a pressure side of the pump or within a defined differential-pressure interval, the width (B1) of a gap (24) between the screw profiles (6, 7, 8, 9) and the bore inner wall (22) in the direction of the first axis of symmetry (S1) is greater than the width (B2) of the gap (24) in the in the direction of the second axis of symmetry (S2).
  4. Screw spindle pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each bore (15, 16) is formed from two separate, intersecting single bores (18, 19, 20, 21) whose bore axes (Z1, Z2) are offset from one another in the bending direction (R), or as a milled bore, or as a bore ground from a cylindrical bore.
  5. Screw spindle pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two single bores (18, 19, 20, 21) extend over the entire length of the housing (3).
  6. Screw spindle pump according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that each bore (15, 16) consists of two bore portions (15a, 15b) which adjoin one another axially, wherein the central axes of the bore portions (15a, 15b) are inclined in relation to one another.
  7. Screw spindle pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each spindle (4, 5) has two axially adjacent screw profiles (6, 7, 8, 9) which rise in an identical but inverted manner, said screw profiles being provided in the region of the longitudinal centre of the respective spindles (4, 5).
  8. Screw spindle pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said screw spindle pump is a liquid pump or a multiphase pump.
  9. Housing for a screw spindle pump (1) according to one of the preceding claims, having a running bore (14) consisting of at least two intersecting bores (15, 16) for receiving in each case one spindle (4, 5), wherein the spindles (4, 5) have screw profiles (6, 7, 8, 9) meshing with one another in sections and, during operation of the screw spindle pump (1), bend in a defined bending direction (R) as a result of a hydraulic bending pressure, characterized in that each bore (15, 16) is formed in the manner of an elongated hole with a relatively long first axis of symmetry (S1) and with a relatively short second axis of symmetry (S2) which is orthogonal thereto, wherein the relatively long first axis of symmetry (S1) extends in the bending direction (R).
  10. Housing according to Claim 9, characterized in that each bore (15, 16) is formed from two separate, intersecting single bores (18, 19, 20, 21) whose bore axes (Z1, Z2) are offset from one another in the bending direction (R), or as a milled bore, or as a bore ground from a cylindrical bore.
  11. Housing according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the two single bores (18, 19, 20, 21) extend over the entire length of the housing (3).
  12. Housing according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that each bore (15, 16) consists of two bore portions (15a, 15b) which adjoin one another axially, wherein the central axes of the bore portions (15a, 15b) are inclined in relation to one another.
  13. Method for producing a housing for a screw spindle pump according to one of Claims 1 to 8, said housing comprising a running bore (14) formed from two intersecting bores (15, 16), characterized in that, for forming each bore (15, 16), at least two separate, intersecting single bores (18, 19, 20, 21) whose bore axes (Z1, Z2) are offset from one another are formed in a housing body, or each bore is milled with the two different axes of symmetry, or each bore is formed with the two different axes of symmetry by grinding a cylindrical bore.
  14. Method according to Claim 13, characterized in that the two single bores (18, 19, 20, 21) extend over the entire length of the housing body.
  15. Method according to Claim 13, characterized in that each bore consists of two bore portions (15a, 15b) which adjoin one another axially, wherein the central axes of the bore portions (15a, 15b) are inclined in relation to one another, wherein, for forming the bore portions (15a, 15b), in each case two separate single bores (18a, 19a, 18b, 19b) are formed on the two mutually oppositely situated sides of the housing body.
EP21168615.9A 2020-05-18 2021-04-15 Screw spindle pump Active EP3913187B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102020113372.3A DE102020113372A1 (en) 2020-05-18 2020-05-18 Screw pump

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CN (1) CN113685348B (en)
BR (1) BR102021009059A2 (en)
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JP3086217B1 (en) * 1999-05-07 2000-09-11 財団法人工業技術研究院 Dual screw rotor device
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CN208778218U (en) * 2018-08-02 2019-04-23 天津华曼泵业集团有限公司 A kind of high viscosity triple screw pump

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US11401931B2 (en) 2022-08-02
CN113685348B (en) 2023-03-21
DE102020113372A1 (en) 2021-11-18
EP3913187A1 (en) 2021-11-24
BR102021009059A2 (en) 2021-11-23
PL3913187T3 (en) 2023-01-23
ES2934065T3 (en) 2023-02-16
US20210355938A1 (en) 2021-11-18

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