EP3906588A1 - Unité de dégazage, boîtier électronique, en particulier boîtier de batterie, et véhicule à moteur - Google Patents

Unité de dégazage, boîtier électronique, en particulier boîtier de batterie, et véhicule à moteur

Info

Publication number
EP3906588A1
EP3906588A1 EP19827640.4A EP19827640A EP3906588A1 EP 3906588 A1 EP3906588 A1 EP 3906588A1 EP 19827640 A EP19827640 A EP 19827640A EP 3906588 A1 EP3906588 A1 EP 3906588A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base body
degassing unit
membrane
degassing
electronics housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19827640.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Zbiral
Axel LIEBENDÖRFER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mann and Hummel GmbH
Original Assignee
Mann and Hummel GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mann and Hummel GmbH filed Critical Mann and Hummel GmbH
Publication of EP3906588A1 publication Critical patent/EP3906588A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/308—Detachable arrangements, e.g. detachable vent plugs or plug systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/325—Re-sealable arrangements comprising deformable valve members, e.g. elastic or flexible valve members
    • H01M50/333—Spring-loaded vent valves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/394—Gas-pervious parts or elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • Degassing unit electronics housing, in particular
  • the invention relates to a degassing unit and an electronics housing, in particular a battery housing, in particular a traction battery of a motor vehicle, and the motor vehicle itself.
  • Housings for accommodating electronic components such as battery cells and the like cannot be completely gas-tight against the environment, because on the one hand due to temperature fluctuations (e.g. due to heat input due to charging or discharging of battery cells) and on the other hand due to naturally occurring fluctuations in compressed air, especially in the case of mobile systems, a gas exchange between the interior and exterior must be made possible to prevent impermissible mechanical loads on the housing, in particular bursting or bulging of the housing.
  • it is equally important that the ingress of foreign bodies, dirt and moisture (especially in the form of liquid water) is effectively prevented, as otherwise there is a risk of damage to the electrical system, in the worst case a short circuit.
  • Pressure compensation devices are therefore known which have semipermeable membranes which are gas-permeable but liquid-impermeable.
  • rupture disks in the sense of a "predetermined breaking point", in particular made of a metallic sheet material, or safety flaps or valves which are inserted into a housing opening.
  • High-voltage batteries in particular lithium-based traction batteries with significantly higher storage capacities and power densities, come with highly specific ones Pressure compensation devices for use, which are optimized to perform the above-mentioned tasks.
  • a degassing unit for a battery housing which has a base body which has a gas passage opening which is covered by a semipermeable membrane which is permeable to gases but impermeable to liquids, the membrane being stationary and is fluid-tightly connected to the base body, in particular welded.
  • the base body can be connected in a fluid-tight manner to a pressure compensation opening in the battery housing.
  • the membrane ensures gas exchange in normal operation thanks to its semi-permeable properties, while an emergency degassing mandrel facing the diaphragm is arranged on a cover body to implement an emergency degassing function, which perforates and tears the membrane when a limit expansion induced by an internal pressure in the housing is exceeded, so that a sudden pressure equalization from the interior to the environment is possible.
  • a protective grille is connected to the base body, which is intended to rule out any interference with foreign bodies in the battery housing.
  • DE 10 201 1 080 325 A1 describes a similar degassing unit with a membrane held stationary on a base body, in which the emergency degassing function is likewise achieved via a targeted puncture of the membrane by means of a dome.
  • a degassing unit is known from DE 10 2017 003 360 B3, in which the functions emergency degassing and ventilation are functionally separated in the normal state. While the ventilation in the normal state is realized by a nonwoven fabric fixed in the center of the base body, the emergency degassing is achieved by a screen valve that can be raised when a limit pressure is exceeded, which releases a radially external annular gap of the base body for emergency degassing.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a degassing unit for an electronics housing, in particular for a battery, in particular for a traction battery of a motor vehicle, which avoids the disadvantages described and enables safe operation of the battery.
  • degassing unit with the features of claim 1 and by an electronics housing with the features of claim 15 and a motor vehicle with the features of claim 17.
  • the degassing unit has a fluid-tight base body which can be connected to an edge of a pressure compensation opening of the electronics housing and which has at least one gas passage opening which, in a normal operating state of the degassing unit, is covered by a semipermeable membrane which prevents gaseous media from passing through Enables an environment in the electronics housing and vice versa, but prevents the passage of liquid media and / o the solids.
  • the degassing unit can be converted into an emergency degassing state in which at least one emergency degassing opening that clears the membrane is released.
  • the degassing unit also has at least one monitoring means which is designed to detect whether the degassing unit is in the normal operating state and / or in the emergency degassing state. “Bypass the membrane” means that the emergency degassing opening in the emergency degassing state is flowed through parallel to the membrane.
  • the monitoring means can in this case comprise at least one sensor element which is set up to detect an operating state (normal or emergency degassing) of the degassing unit.
  • the sensor element can be an electrical, capacitive, inductive or optical sensor.
  • a detection value recognized by the monitoring means can be processed accordingly by means of a suitable diagnostic device (eg vehicle control unit) and can be used to trigger a predetermined reaction, which can include, for example, a display of an error or even the immediate shutdown of the technical system.
  • a suitable diagnostic device eg vehicle control unit
  • the diagnostic value of the monitoring means can in particular be transferred to a vehicle control unit in such a way that it can be read out by means of common diagnostic interfaces and data transmission standards, for example OBD-II.
  • the term degassing unit was chosen for the device according to the invention.
  • the device according to the invention also allows ventilation of an interior of the electronics housing through the (porous) membrane in normal operation.
  • inside and outside refer to an assembly state with respect to the electronics housing, where “inside” means pointing to the electronics housing and “outside” means pointing to the surroundings.
  • the degassing unit according to the invention can be used to ensure an optimal seal at the base-battery housing interface, a housing seal ha ben, in particular in the form of an O-ring, which in the assembled state axially bezüg Lich an outer housing wall or radially in the pressure compensation opening of the battery riegeophuses can be pressed.
  • the housing seal can also be a radially-axially effective seal, which is designed, for example, to seal against at least one wall inclined at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis.
  • the monitoring means can be designed as an electrical monitoring means which has at least one pair of electrical contacts which is open in the emergency degassing state and in the normal operating condition. was closed or closed in the emergency degassing state and opened in the normal operating state.
  • the membrane can preferably be fastened to a membrane carrier which can be displaced relative to the base body and which, in the normal operating state, is pressed in a sealing manner by an axial force against a seal surrounding an edge of the gas passage opening of the base body, so that the membrane carrier when a predetermined pressure difference between them is exceeded an interior of the electronics housing and egg ner environment with release of the at least one bypassing the diaphragm emergency degassing opening can be lifted from the base body to bring the degassing unit into the emergency degassing state.
  • a membrane carrier Under “relocatable” here can be both a translatory movement, in particular along the longitudinal axis, and a rotation, the membrane carrier is then in particular quasi formed as a flap.
  • the base body and / or the membrane carrier can essentially consist of plastic, in particular thermoplastic, and in particular can be injection molded.
  • Preferred materials are polypropylene, polybutylene terephthalate or polyamide, each having reinforcing fibers, in particular glass fibers.
  • the membrane can be connected to the membrane carrier movable relative to the base body by gluing and / or welding, in particular by ultrasonic welding. As a result, inexpensive manufacture and sufficient tightness can be achieved.
  • the membrane can also be glued to the membrane carrier along a circumferential sealing line.
  • an emergency degassing pressure can be determined which is clearly definable in comparison with the prior art.
  • emergency degassing is not achieved by perforating the membrane and tearing it, but rather by lifting the membrane carrier from the base body under the action of an internal pressure in the housing, at least one emergency degassing opening being opened.
  • the emergency degassing pressure is therefore neither due to the tolerant membrane thickness (especially because fluctuations caused by the the base body is pressed.
  • the membrane remains intact when the degassing unit is transferred to the emergency degassing state and can be reversibly shifted back together with the membrane carrier after the emergency degassing pressure has fallen below again, so that the degassing unit is ready for use again.
  • silicone rubber VMQ
  • fluororubber FKM
  • EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene rubber
  • the degassing unit according to the invention has the largest possible flow cross section for emergency degassing. After lifting the membrane carrier from the gas passage opening of the base body, the full cross section of the gas passage opening is also available for emergency degassing. This is conducive to rapid pressure reduction with minimization of the damage to the battery housing that can be expected.
  • the emergency degassing pressure can not only be set with a smaller fluctuation range, but it is also possible to trigger at significantly lower differential pressures as before, i.e. a very differentiated response behavior can be achieved.
  • the semipermeable membrane can be used for the semipermeable membrane, which have a gas permeability for ventilation in normal operation and a sufficiently high water impermeability.
  • Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can be used as the preferred material for the semipermeable membrane.
  • the semipermeable membrane has an average pore size, which can be between 0.01 microns and 20 microns.
  • the porosity is preferably about 50%; the average pore size is preferably about 10 microns.
  • the semipermeable membrane can preferably be designed as a film-like or film-like or disk-shaped, thin membrane.
  • the gas-permeable membrane has a membrane surface which is effective for gas permeation and which can preferably have a rectangular or round outer contour on its outer circumference.
  • the membrane is preferably a thin flat membrane, the membrane surfaces of which are directed away from one another and are effective for the passage of gas and are essentially parallel to one another and preferably essentially planar.
  • the membrane thickness of the membrane is very much smaller than its other outer dimensions.
  • the membrane can have a minimum width and / or a minimum length or a minimum outer diameter of equal to or greater than 20 mm, preferably equal to or greater than 30 mm, in particular equal to or larger than 40 mm, span.
  • the Mem brandicke can in particular be at least 20 times, preferably at least 40 times, in particular at least 100 times, smaller than the minimum width and / or the minimum length or the minimum outer diameter of the membrane.
  • the membrane thickness can be 1 micrometer to 5 millimeters, a membrane fire thickness of 0.1 to 2 mm, in particular 0.15 to 0.5 mm, being preferred.
  • the electrical contact pair can have at least two electrical contact elements, a first contact element being arranged on the base body and a second contact element being arranged on the membrane carrier.
  • the lifting of the membrane carrier which corresponds to a transfer to the emergency degassing state, can be clearly detected.
  • It can be arranged on the membrane carrier on an inner side facing the base body or on the base body on an outer side facing the membrane carrier, a circumferential seal around the gas passage opening, preferably a lip seal, which seals the gas passage opening against the membrane in the normal operating state.
  • the seal can be injection molded onto the membrane carrier or base body, for example by means of a two-component injection molding process. Alternatively, it can also be glued on.
  • the lip seal preferably has a sealing lip with a quasi-linear sealing line, which produces as little adhesion effects as possible and does not stick even after a long time.
  • the seal is preferably held or fixed in a circumferential seal receiving groove of the base body. Alternatively or additionally, the seal can also be glued to the base body or molded onto it by means of a two-component injection molding process.
  • the seal receiving groove is preferably seen on an outer side of the base body facing the membrane carrier, surrounding the gas passage opening.
  • a sealing lip receiving groove can be provided on a side of the membrane carrier facing the base body opposite the base body, which can be conical in particular and which enables a sealing by means of the sealing lip that is optimized by the cone effect (conicity effect).
  • the membrane can be connected to the membrane carrier in a fluid-tight manner all around, in particular welded all round, the membrane preferably being present on an inner side of the membrane carrier facing the base body.
  • a system or connection to the inside of the membrane carrier has the advantage that the membrane is held virtually positively against the membrane carrier when exposed to internal pressure and the connection (welding, gluing or the like) is not subjected to tension, which is particularly the case with It is important to use PTFE materials that are difficult to add anyway.
  • the membrane carrier can have a membrane outer protective grille which at least partially spans the outside of the membrane surface, but with a sufficiently large proportion of area is permeable to fluids to enable gas exchange during normal operation.
  • the membrane carrier can be pressed against the base body by at least one spring element.
  • the spring element can preferably be a compression spring, in particular a spiral spring.
  • the invention is not limited to this. Rather, other spring elements not explicitly mentioned here are also included, such as disc springs and / or spring tongues.
  • torsion and / or leg springs are also particularly suitable.
  • a suitable selection of the spring stiffness of the spring element enables the degassing pressure to be determined very precisely and reproducibly.
  • the tripping characteristic can be further adjusted by using springs with customized spring characteristics, whereby progressive or, in particular, degressive spring characteristics are also possible. With a degressive characteristic curve, it is possible to set a specifically sluggish response behavior, while a progressive characteristic curve can achieve a faster response behavior.
  • the membrane carrier can be pressed onto the base body by a magnetic element, in particular a permanent magnet.
  • the degassing unit can have a cover which is connected to the base body, the cover preferably having at least one ventilation opening.
  • the cover hood ensures that the outside of the membrane cannot be damaged with foreign bodies, such as pointed objects such as screwdrivers, etc., or with flap pressure cleaners and / or steam jets, and thus effectively contributes to a high IP protection class.
  • the spring element is supported at one end on an inner surface of the cover facing the membrane carrier and at the other end on an outer surface of the membrane carrier facing the cover.
  • From the cover hood preferably has a spring guide or a spring plate on its inside facing the membrane carrier, which is designed to avoid a particularly slipping radially les the spring.
  • the spring guide or the spring plate particularly preferably has a sleeve section which extends axially and of which, in the case of a spiral spring as spring element, the spring is supported coaxially.
  • the membrane carrier can also have a spring guide or a spring plate is preferably present on the outside of the membrane carrier facing the cover.
  • Another also preferred embodiment provides that there is a first electrical contact element of the electrical contact pair of the monitoring means on the membrane carrier and a second electrical contact element on the cover.
  • the monitoring means can be implemented easily and without problems, for example as an electrical switching element which opens or closes a diagnostic circuit.
  • the cover overlaps the outer circumference of the base body at least partially and is preferably attached to the outer circumference of the base body by means of a locking element.
  • Axial overlap is associated with "overlap" here.
  • the spring force which, according to some embodiments, is introduced into the cover hood, can be transmitted into the base body.
  • fastening means for fastening the cover to the base body into consideration such as positive or non-positive fastening means such as screws or undercuts.
  • a further monitoring means can be used, in particular an electrical monitoring means which is designed to detect a connection of the cover hood to the base body, where two electrical contact elements are preferably provided, one on the base body first contact element and a second contact element is arranged on the cover.
  • the contact elements (82, 83) preferably contact one another in a day-to-day state of the cover (3), the contact being separated from the base body (1) when the cover (3) is separated.
  • a loss or an incomplete attachment of the cover to the base body can additionally be detected via the further monitoring means and passed on to a vehicle control unit for further processing. This is also a safety-critical fault, since the protective function is considerably reduced without or with an inadequately fastened cover, in particular with regard to the penetration of splash water and / or foreign bodies.
  • a degassing unit with an exclusively second monitoring means is an independent invention.
  • Degassing unit for an electronics housing in particular for a battery, in particular for a traction battery of a motor vehicle, which has a base body which can be connected in a fluid-tight manner to an edge of a pressure compensation opening of the electronics housing and which has at least one gas passage opening which, in normal operation, the degassing unit has a semipermeable membrane is covered, which permits the passage of gaseous media from an environment into the electronics housing and vice versa, but prevents the passage of liquid media and / or solids, the degassing unit being convertible to an emergency degassing state in which at least one bypassing the membrane Emergency degassing opening is released, the degassing unit having a cover which is connected to the base body.
  • the degassing unit designed in this way has a monitoring means, in particular an electrical monitoring means, which is designed to detect a connection of the cover hood to the base body, preferably two electrical contact elements being provided, and a first contact element on the base body and on the cover hood second contact element is arranged, the contact elements preferably being in a Montagezu contact the cover and the contact is separated from the base body when separating the cover or vice versa.
  • a monitoring means in particular an electrical monitoring means, which is designed to detect a connection of the cover hood to the base body, preferably two electrical contact elements being provided, and a first contact element on the base body and on the cover hood second contact element is arranged, the contact elements preferably being in a Montagezu contact the cover and the contact is separated from the base body when separating the cover or vice versa.
  • the linear guide is preferably formed as a combination of at least one corresponding pin and at least one bore, preferably on one at least one hole is present on the outside of the base body facing the membrane support and on the inside of the membrane support facing the base body there is a pin corresponding to the bore which is guided in the bore.
  • the invention is not limited to this, but also detects inverted versions with pins on the base body and bores on the membrane carrier.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the holes and pins is not limited to circular cross-sections, but detects any complementary shapes that are capable of allowing the diaphragm support to be guided linearly with respect to the base body, for example a combination of a groove as a “hole” and a complementary one Sword as a "cone”, also other polygonal or elliptical cross-sectional shapes at least in sections.
  • a first electrical contact element of the electrical contact pair of the monitoring means is present on the pin and a second electrical contact element in or on the bore.
  • the contact elements can be embedded in a simple and process-favorable manner in an injection molding insertion process if the membrane carrier and / or base body are made of plastic.
  • the gas passage opening of the base body is at least partially covered, preferably completely, by a fluid-permeable protective grid.
  • the protective grille serves as protection against intrusion into an interior of the electronics housing, so that objects such as screwdrivers or the like. cannot get inside. This is particularly important, since traction batteries for vehicles are often operated in the high-voltage range and this can result in dangers.
  • the protective grille can have a plurality of spaced grating bars, the minimum spacing of which is to be selected such that an intervention can be reliably ruled out.
  • the grid bars can be arranged in a right-angled grid or as a combination of circumferential and radial grid bars.
  • the protective grille can in particular be formed in one piece with the base body or be connected to it as a separate component, in particular on an inside of the base body which faces the electronics housing in the state in which the degassing unit is mounted.
  • the protective grid can preferably be made of or consist of a metal or a plastic, preferably polypropylene and / or polybutylene terephthalate, each preferably having reinforcing fibers, in particular glass fibers.
  • a protective grille made of metal has the advantage that the protective function is retained even after exposure to high temperatures (e.g. fire). In a separate version of the protective grille, this can be screwed, riveted or connected by means of a hot stamp, for example.
  • the base body and / or the cover plastics come into consideration, in particular thermoplastics, which can be processed by injection molding.
  • the base body and / or the cover hood are preferably made of polypropylene, polybutylene terephthalate or polyamide, each having reinforcing fibers, in particular glass fibers, or at least one of these materials at least.
  • the base body can have at least one connecting means with which the degassing unit can be connected to the electronics housing, the connecting means preferably being formed as a bayonet connecting means or as a threaded connecting means.
  • the bayonet connection means particularly preferably protrudes axially from an inside of the base body, which faces the electronics housing in the assembled state.
  • the connection means can preferably be formed by one or more threaded bushes (in particular a threaded insert in plastic).
  • the degassing unit can have a housing seal which surrounds the inner side of the gas passage opening of the base body.
  • the housing seal can be designed as an axial or radial seal, i.e. in particular on an end face (in the case of the axial seal) or on a lateral surface (in the case of the radial seal).
  • the housing seal can be designed as an O-ring, which is received in a corresponding groove in the base body, or as an injection-molded sealing component.
  • An arrangement of the housing seal in an axial configuration is preferred, with the housing seal particularly preferably surrounding a bayonet connection means which projects in particular axially.
  • At least one electrical transmission element can be provided on the base body, in particular on an inside of the base body facing the electronics housing in the assembled state. lie, which is operatively coupled to the monitoring means and by means of which at least one detection value of the monitoring means can be transmitted.
  • the electrical transmission element thus serves to lead the detection value detected by the monitoring means to a downstream device component, so that the information as to whether the degassing unit is in the normal operating state or in the emergency degassing state can be made available for further processing.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to an electronics housing, in particular a battery housing, in particular a traction battery of a motor vehicle.
  • a further possible uses of the degassing unit according to the invention in addition to traction batteries are, for example, control cabinets or transformer housings.
  • the electronics housing has at least one housing wall with a pressure compensation opening, battery cells can preferably be arranged in the electronics housing and the pressure compensation opening is closed by a degassing unit according to the invention, so that a gas exchange between an interior of the electronics housing and the surroundings is possible in a normal operating state, however the penetration of moisture, dirt and foreign bodies is effectively prevented and a quick-release emergency degassing function is provided, which prevents damage or destruction of the wall of the electronics housing in the event of an increase in pressure in the interior.
  • At least one counter-connection means corresponding to the bayonet connection means of the degassing unit can be present on the housing wall in a region surrounding the pressure equalization opening.
  • the outside of the housing wall can have a sealing surface surrounding the pressure compensation opening, against which the housing seal of the degassing unit rests in an assembled state.
  • the sealing surface is preferably designed as an area of the wall of the electronics housing with the smallest possible deviations in terms of flatness and low roughness.
  • the electronics housing or at least its wall is made of or consists of a metal material, so that the sealing surface with respect to the above. Properties can be obtained simply by mechanical processing.
  • an electrical counter-transmission element can be present on the housing wall Transmission element of the degassing unit is operatively coupled.
  • the counterpart transmission element can be designed as at least one electrical contact device, which is connected in particular via a vehicle-bound cable harness to at least one vehicle control unit for further distribution of the detection value.
  • a last aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle, in particular a road vehicle with an at least partially electric drive train which has an electronics housing designed as a battery housing.
  • the battery housing is an electronics housing according to the invention, the counter-transmission element of the electronics housing preferably being operatively coupled to at least one vehicle-bound control unit.
  • an error message can be output by means of the vehicle-bound control device by means of a vehicle-bound output device.
  • the vehicle control unit can advantageously be designed such that it has an error memory and / or via a diagnostic protocol, in particular standardized, e.g. OBD-II, can be read out.
  • a transfer of the degassing unit of the battery housing into an emergency degassing state is therefore no longer hidden in the vehicle according to the invention, but can be displayed to the driver and / or kept ready for reading out in the error memory as important service information.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded isometric view of a Entgasungsein unit according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the degassing unit according to the invention in the normal operating state
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the degassing unit according to the invention in the Notent gassing state.
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the degassing unit according to the invention in the normal operating state with the cover hood hidden;
  • Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal sectional view of a further embodiment of the degassing unit according to the invention
  • Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of yet another embodiment of the degassing unit according to the Invention.
  • the degassing unit 10 according to the invention is shown in an isometric exploded view.
  • This has a base body 1, the Bajonettver binding means 13 which protrude axially from an inner end face of the base body 1 with the edge of a pressure compensation opening of an electronics housing, in particular a battery housing of a traction battery, can be connected.
  • a Ge housing seal 7 is provided, which is designed here as an axially acting O-ring.
  • the base body has a gas passage opening 15 through which pressure equalization takes place both in the normal operating state and pressure can escape from the battery housing in the emergency degassing state.
  • the gas passage opening 15 is covered by a fluid-permeable protective grid 12, which provides protection against tampering and prevents that live components inside the electronics housing are touched and / or damaged by pointed objects.
  • the protective grid 12 has a plurality of grid webs which are arranged both circumferentially and in the radial direction and form a network of grid webs.
  • the protective grille 12 is formed in the present embodiment, in one piece with the base body 1, in particular injection-molded in one piece.
  • the degassing unit 10 has a membrane carrier 2, which can be displaced in the axial direction relative to the base body 1, ie it has a degree of freedom of movement in the axial direction.
  • the membrane carrier 2 carries on its inside facing the base body 1 a semipermeable membrane 6, which is permeable to gaseous fluids, but prevents the passage of solids and liquids.
  • the semipermeable membrane 6 is connected around the gas passage opening 24 of the membrane carrier 2 in a fluid-tight manner to the membrane carrier 2, preferably welded or glued.
  • the membrane carrier 2 is axially pressed in the normal operating state of the degassing unit 10 by a spring element 4, here a spiral spring, in a direction pointing to the base body 1, so that a circumferential seal 5 provided in the axial direction between the membrane carrier 2 and the base body 1 seals the membrane carrier 2 seals against the base body 1.
  • a spring element 4 here a spiral spring
  • the membrane carrier 2 can also be pivotally displaceable relative to the base body 1, so that it can alternatively have at least one rotational degree of freedom.
  • the pressure force acting on the membrane surface 61 increases to the same extent, so that from a predetermined limit pressure the pressure force acting on the membrane surface 61 and the spring force axially pressing the membrane carrier 2 cancel each other out, so that in the event of a further increase in the internal pressure of the membrane carrier 2 together with the membrane 6 is lifted axially from the base body 1 and at least one emergency degassing opening surrounding the membrane 6 is released.
  • This state is called the emergency degassing state and is shown in more detail in FIG. 3.
  • Reasons for a strong increase in internal pressure can be a sudden increase in temperature and / or sudden gas development in the electronics housing, which can happen particularly with traction batteries, since cell defects can never be completely ruled out.
  • the spiral spring 4, which exerts the contact pressure on the membrane carrier 2, is supported at one end on the inside of the cover 3 and at the other end on an outside of the membrane carrier 2 facing the cover 3.
  • the cover 3 is connected to the base body 1 to derive the spring forces ; it encompasses the base body 1 radially on the outside with a circumferential edge and is connected to it in a form-fitting manner by means of latching engagements.
  • the locking element engagement is realized by the combination of corresponding locking hooks 14 on a jacket surface of the base body 1 and locking openings 31 in a peripheral surface of the cover 3.
  • the cover 3 has a plurality of circumferentially distributed ventilation openings 32 through which gases can flow into and out of the electronics housing both in the normal operating state and in the emergency degassing state.
  • a spring guide 22 is provided on the outer surface of the membrane carrier 2 facing the cover 2, which consists of a Large number of circumferentially distributed elevations with axial extension, which are surrounded by the spiral spring 4.
  • the spiral spring can also be present within the spring guide 22 and / or the spring guide can be designed as a continuous sleeve-shaped extension.
  • the spring guide 22 is connected via radially extending connecting elements, here stop bridges 23, to an outer periphery of the membrane carrier 2, wherein the gas passage opening (s) 24 of the membrane carrier 2 is (are) formed in an annular gap between the outer periphery and the spring guide 22.
  • the seal 5, which is present between the membrane carrier 2 and the base body 1, has two areas, a fastening area 52, with which it is received in the circumferential sealing device groove 16 of the base body 1, and a sealing lip 51 with a reduced material thickness compared to the fastening area 52.
  • Be the fastening area 52 and the sealing lip 51 are each circumferential, so that the seal forms an annular seal.
  • the fastening area 52 of the seal 5 is received in a seal receiving groove 16 of the base body 1, which surrounds the gas passage opening 15 radially on the outside.
  • the sealing lip 51 is located at one of the fastening area 52 axially facing away from the end of the seal 5 and is designed to lie in the normal operating state on a sealing counter surface on a body 1 facing the side of the membrane carrier 2 sealingly.
  • a sealing counter surface On the sealing counter surface, the membrane carrier 2 has a sealing lip receiving groove 25, which has a circumferential guide surface radially on the inside, which guides and centers the sealing lip 51 of the seal 5 when the degassing unit 10 is returned from the emergency degassing state to the normal operating state.
  • one of the advantages of the present invention is the large flow cross-section of the emergency degassing opening (s) in the emergency degassing state, which through a large stroke of the membrane support 2 relative to the base body 1 is achieved.
  • a linear guide is provided, which is formed by corresponding holes 11 and pins 21.
  • the pins 21 are present on the membrane carrier 2 and extend freely inward in the axial direction to the base body 1.
  • the pins 21 are each guided in bores 11 of the base body 1, which are open to the outside in the axial direction of the membrane carrier 2.
  • the length of the pin 21 is dimensioned in such a way with respect to the maximum stroke that they are guided with a predetermined minimum length in the holes 1 1 even at maximum stroke.
  • the linear guides also ensure that the sealing lip 51 of the seal 5 always comes into contact with the intended sealing surface in the sealing lip receiving groove 25 of the membrane carrier and is not radially offset, which could lead to leaks during operation. This thus ensures that the degassing unit 10 can easily return to the normal operating state after the transition to the emergency degassing state; ie the reversible functionality is decisively made possible by the linear guide.
  • Fig. 2 the degassing unit 10 is now shown in a longitudinal section in Normal peacefulszu.
  • the membrane carrier 2 is pressed axially by the compression spring 4, which is supported on the cover 3, with the interposition of the seal 5 against the base body 1.
  • the only gas exchange takes place through the membrane 6, through which the gas passage opening 15 of the base body and the gas passage opening 24 of the membrane carrier 2 can flow.
  • the locking element engagement for fastening the cover 3 to the base body can also be clearly seen, the locking hooks 14 present on the base body 1 being present as radial bulges.
  • the compression spring 4 is also guided radially on the cover 3 side by a spring guide 33, which is designed as a dome 33 projecting coaxially into the compression spring 4.
  • the membrane 6, which is welded to the inside of the membrane carrier 2 surrounding the gas passage opening 24, is welded to the protective grid 12 of the base body 1.
  • the membrane carrier is displaced axially in the direction of the cover (to the outside) under the influence of this pressure; this state is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the maximum stroke H of the membrane carrier 2 relative to the base body is denoted by H, so that a circumferential Emergency degassing opening N is released, which enables the internal pressure of the housing to get into the environment along the emergency degassing gas path G.
  • the flow cross-section of the emergency degassing opening N is determined by the axial gap between the sealing lip 51 and the corresponding counter-sealing surface in the sealing lip receiving groove 25 of the membrane carrier 2. From the emergency degassing opening N, the emergency degassing gas path G runs along the inner contour of the cover 3 and finally through the ventilation openings 23.
  • the membrane carrier 2 shifts axially back again (flysteresis) and is supported by the linear guide so that the sealing lip 51 is exactly centered on the counter sealing surface in the sealing lip receiving groove 25 in a sealing contact with the system can come.
  • FIG. 5 shows detail B from FIG. 4.
  • the core of the invention, the monitoring means 8, can now be clearly seen in the detailed view of FIG. 5.
  • the monitoring means 8 has an electrical contact pair with two contact elements 81, 82, by means of which a diagnostic circuit can be closed or opened.
  • a first contact element 82 is at the bottom of the bore 1 1 in front and a second contact element 81 on the end face of the pin 21.
  • the first and second contact elements 81, 82 contact and the diagnostic circuit is closed.
  • the pin 21 rises from the bottom of the bore 11 so that the diagnostic circuit is interrupted, which can be further processed as a diagnostic value of the monitoring by a subsequent technical system means 8 can be provided.
  • FIG. 6 An alternative possibility for detecting the operating state of the degassing unit 10 is shown in FIG. 6.
  • corresponding contact elements 81, 83 just in case a lifting of the membrane carrier 2.
  • a first electrical contact element 81 of the electrical contact pair of the monitoring means is present here the membrane carrier in front and a second electrical contact element 83 on the covering hood 3.
  • the base body 1 according to this embodiment is not involved in the detection, which can offer advantages since the base body 1 is kept free of electrical current and therefore in particular completely made of an insulating material can be manufactured.
  • an alternative or additional further monitoring means 8 'ge is shown, which is designed to detect a connection of the cover 3 with the basic body by 1.
  • Two electrical contact elements 82, 83 are provided, a first contact element 82 on the base body and a second contact element 83 on the cover 3.
  • the contact elements 82, 83 make contact with the cover 3 in an assembled state, the contact when the cover 3 is separated from the cover 3 Base body 1 is separated. This makes it possible to detect whether the cover is properly attached to the base body 1, which is a safety-relevant feature.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une unité de dégazage (10) pour un boîtier électronique, en particulier pour une batterie, en particulier pour une batterie de traction d'un véhicule à moteur. L'unité de dégazage (10) présente un corps de base (1) pouvant être relié de manière étanche aux fluides à un bord d'une ouverture d'équilibrage de la pression du boîtier électronique, ledit corps de base comportant au moins un orifice de passage de gaz (15) qui est recouvert par une membrane (6) semi-perméable, dans un état de fonctionnement normal de l'unité de dégazage (10). La membrane semi-perméable (6) permet à des milieux gazeux provenant d'un environnement de pénétrer dans le boîtier électronique et inversement, tout en empêchant le passage de milieux liquides et/ou de solides. L'unité de dégazage (10) peut passer dans un état de dégazage d'urgence, dans lequel au moins un orifice de dégazage d'urgence (N) entourant la membrane (6) est dégagé. L'unité de dégazage (10) comporte au moins un moyen de surveillance (8), conçu de sorte à détecter si l'unité de dégazage (10) se trouve dans l'état de fonctionnement normal et/ou dans l'état de dégazage d'urgence. L'invention concerne par ailleurs un boîtier électronique doté d'une unité de dégazage (10) selon l'invention et un véhicule à moteur.
EP19827640.4A 2019-01-04 2019-12-10 Unité de dégazage, boîtier électronique, en particulier boîtier de batterie, et véhicule à moteur Pending EP3906588A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019100085.8A DE102019100085A1 (de) 2019-01-04 2019-01-04 Entgasungseinheit, Elektronikgehäuse, insbesondere Batteriegehäuse, und Kraftfahrzeug
PCT/EP2019/084339 WO2020141045A1 (fr) 2019-01-04 2019-12-10 Unité de dégazage, boîtier électronique, en particulier boîtier de batterie, et véhicule à moteur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3906588A1 true EP3906588A1 (fr) 2021-11-10

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EP19827640.4A Pending EP3906588A1 (fr) 2019-01-04 2019-12-10 Unité de dégazage, boîtier électronique, en particulier boîtier de batterie, et véhicule à moteur

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US (1) US12062808B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3906588A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN113228391A (fr)
DE (1) DE102019100085A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020141045A1 (fr)

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US12062808B2 (en) 2024-08-13
DE102019100085A1 (de) 2020-07-09
CN113228391A (zh) 2021-08-06
US20210320376A1 (en) 2021-10-14

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