EP3903029B1 - Brenner mit einstellbarer flamme - Google Patents

Brenner mit einstellbarer flamme Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3903029B1
EP3903029B1 EP19848894.2A EP19848894A EP3903029B1 EP 3903029 B1 EP3903029 B1 EP 3903029B1 EP 19848894 A EP19848894 A EP 19848894A EP 3903029 B1 EP3903029 B1 EP 3903029B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
fuel
deflection element
distance
inner tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19848894.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3903029A1 (de
Inventor
Gaël Le Piver
Pascal LAROCHE
Fouad SAID
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fives Pillard SA
Original Assignee
Fives Pillard SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3903029A1 publication Critical patent/EP3903029A1/de
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Publication of EP3903029B1 publication Critical patent/EP3903029B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/84—Flame spreading or otherwise shaping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/002—Gaseous fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2201/00—Burners adapted for particulate solid or pulverulent fuels
    • F23D2201/20—Fuel flow guiding devices

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to the field of burners, for example burners for rotary kilns, such as cement kilns or lime kilns. More particularly, the invention relates to a burner which comprises means making it possible to adjust the shape of its flame.
  • the majority of the combustion air arrives at a very high temperature (often between 300 and 1200° C.) after having been used as heating air. cooling of the hot material falling from the furnace.
  • the secondary air represents between 80 and 95% of the combustion air.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a burner having a better adjustment of the shape of the flame and consequently making it possible to solve the problems mentioned above.
  • the burner further comprising a deflection element configured to impart a radial component to the direction of flow of a fuel moving in said annular circuit from the upstream part towards the open end.
  • said deflection element is placed in the annular fuel transport circuit and it is movable in translation between the upstream part and the downstream part of said circuit.
  • the fuel can be in the form of a fluid, for example a gas, or in the form of a solid pulverized and transported by a fluid such as a gas, optionally having a calorific value, or air.
  • the burner according to the invention comprises a deflection element configured to adjust the shape of the flame by adjusting the effective angle of injection of fuel into the furnace. Indeed, on the one hand, the distance between the first tube and the second tube is variable between the upstream part and the downstream part.
  • the deflection element is movable in translation between the upstream part and the downstream part of the fuel transport circuit.
  • the effective injection angle is the resultant of its axial component and its radial component, its value depends on the position of the deflection element in the circuit. Indeed, the more it is positioned in a zone where the circuit is narrow (the distance between the two tubes is reduced), the more the fluid passes through the deflection element and therefore the more the radial component increases. Conversely, the more the deflection element is positioned in a zone where the circuit widens (the distance between the two tubes increases), the lower the radial component, because a significant part of the fuel continues its axial trajectory and does not pass through the deflection element.
  • the deflection element occupies all or part of the circuit. annular fuel transport.
  • all of the fuel passes through the deflection element.
  • the deflection element occupies only part of the annular circuit, only part of the fuel passes through the deflection element, the balance passing through the free space around the deflection element. The proportion of fuel passing through the deflection element is thus all the greater as the ratio between the section of the deflection element and that of the annular circuit is low.
  • the effective fuel injection angle can be modified by advancing or retracting the deflection element between the upstream part and the downstream part of the burner.
  • Such an adjustment also makes it possible to reduce the level of nitrogen oxide emissions by placing the deflection element in an appropriate position.
  • the inner tube is fixed relative to the outer tube.
  • said distance between the inner tube and the outer tube is greater in the upstream part than in the downstream part of the fuel transport circuit.
  • the narrowing of the circuit in the downstream part makes it possible, in particular in the case of gaseous fuels, to increase the radial component imparted by the deflection element when the latter is in the advanced position in the downstream part.
  • the open end is provided with a system of convergers configured to converge the fuel leaving the burner towards the longitudinal axis.
  • a system of convergers configured to converge the fuel leaving the burner towards the longitudinal axis.
  • the distance between the inner tube and the outer tube is smaller in the upstream part than in the downstream part.
  • the deflection element When the deflection element is positioned in the downstream part, it covers part of the distance between the two tubes. In this case, the greater the distance between the outer tube and the deflection element is reduced, the higher the fuel exit velocity. However, an excessive increase in this output speed can cause rapid wear of the burner and would be harmful for the downstream part of the circuit, due to the abrasive nature of certain fuels, in particular solid fuels. An increase in the downstream part therefore solves this problem.
  • the open end comprises an additional element reducing the distance between the inner tube and the outer tube in the vicinity of said open end.
  • the additional element has a shape configured to converge the fluid leaving the burner towards the longitudinal axis.
  • the concentration of the fuel in the center of the burner makes it possible to maintain a low level of formation of nitrogen oxides. Indeed, the concentration of the fuel with a low level of oxygen promotes the formation of HCN and NH3 radicals which evolve into N2 rather than NOx.
  • the deflection element has an annular shape. This results in a homogeneous flame around its circumference.
  • the annular shape also facilitates the manufacture of the burner.
  • the deflection element may have an asymmetrical shape so as to favor the development of the flame in a particular direction, for example towards the floor or towards the vault of the oven.
  • the means for moving the deflection element may comprise a means for adjusting the position angle of the deflection element so as to direct the flame in the desired direction.
  • the distance between the inner tube and the outer tube has a minimum value and the deflection element has a height equal to said minimum value.
  • the distance between the inner tube and the outer tube has a minimum value and a maximum value, the minimum value being less than or equal to 85% of the maximum value.
  • the deflection element comprises blades, said blades possibly having a fixed radial angle between 5° and 50°.
  • the invention also relates to an oven, in particular a rotary oven, comprising a burner according to the above description.
  • the figures 1 and 2 represent a partial view of an example of a burner according to the invention which can be used with gaseous fuels, for example in a cement kiln.
  • the burner 1 comprises an inner tube 3 and an outer tube 4 substantially concentric along a longitudinal axis X visible on the picture 3 .
  • the two tubes 3 and 4 form an annular fuel transport circuit 2.
  • the fuel transport circuit 2 has, in the direction of fuel flow, an upstream part 2A and a downstream part 2B terminating in an end 2C.
  • the burner 1 further comprises a deflection element 5 comprising for example blades 6 oriented in such a way as to give rotation to the flow of fuel which passes through this deflection element 5.
  • a deflection element 5 comprising for example blades 6 oriented in such a way as to give rotation to the flow of fuel which passes through this deflection element 5.
  • the flow of fuel at the outlet of the deviation includes a component axial and a radial component.
  • the outer wall of the deflection element 5 has not been shown in order to better visualize the blades 6. This outer wall is visible on the picture 2 .
  • the deflection element 5 is in a first position P0 at the level of the end 2C of the circuit 2.
  • the flame formed by the burner 1 resulting from the position P0 of the deflection element 5 has a first form F0.
  • the deflection element 5 is movable in translation in the fuel transport circuit 2 between the upstream part 2A and the downstream part 2B.
  • a mechanism, not shown, making it possible to ensure the displacement of the deflection element 5 can, for example, be installed at the rear of the burner 1.
  • deflection elements 5 has been moved to be positioned in the upstream part 2A of the circuit 2. Consequently, in this position P1, the shape of the resulting flame F1 is different.
  • the inner tube 3 and the outer tube 4 are fixed relative to each other.
  • the inner tube may be movable relative to the outer tube.
  • the deflection element can be secured to the inner tube and therefore be movable at the same time as the inner tube relative to the outer tube.
  • the picture 3 schematically represents a view in longitudinal section of the burner 1 as represented by the figure 1 .
  • Circuit 2 in this embodiment has a distance S between inner tube 3 and outer tube 4 that varies from upstream to downstream. More precisely, the distance has a maximum value Smax in the upstream part 2A and a minimum value Smin in the downstream part 2B. In this embodiment, the distance S gradually decreases from upstream to downstream over the length Cmin represented in figure 4 . However, in other embodiments, not illustrated, the variation of the distance S can be sudden.
  • the deflection element 5 has a height H which is, in this embodiment, equal to the minimum value Smin.
  • H can be different from Smin, in particular smaller than Smin.
  • the fuel flow passes entirely through the deflection element 5 at the end 2C.
  • the fuel flow is entirely deflected by the deflection element 5 giving it a radial component, thus resulting in the shape of the flame F0 represented by the figure 1 .
  • the effective angle of fuel injection into the furnace being the resultant of its axial component and of its radial component, it therefore assumes a maximum value in position P0.
  • the figure 4 represents a view in longitudinal section of the burner 1 as represented by the figure 2 and wherein the deflection element is in position P1.
  • part of the fuel Cb circulating between the upstream part 2A and the downstream part 2B passes through deflection elements 5.
  • the other part passes directly from the upstream part 2A to the downstream part 2B without passing through the deflection element. deviation 5, as shown by the arrows.
  • deviation 5 as shown by the arrows.
  • only the part passing through the deflection element 5 has a radial component. Consequently the shape of the flame F1 in the position P1 is modified.
  • the distance Cmin is the minimum distance between the part of the circuit 2 in which the distance S is minimum Smin and the part in which the distance S is maximum Smax.
  • the deflection element 5 can take any other position between the upstream part 2A and the downstream part 2B by adjusting a displacement means 7. In this way, it is possible to modify the shape of the flame as needed.
  • the inner tube 3 can transport inside it, in known or discontinuous manner, a fuel, air or even a fuel/air mixture.
  • the burner 1 can comprise other elements present in the burners known to those skilled in the art.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 schematically represent a second embodiment of a burner according to the invention, intended in particular for the combustion of lean gases with a view to their recovery, for example for the production of steam.
  • the burner 10 comprises an inner tube 30 and an outer tube 40.
  • the two tubes 30 and 40 form an annular circuit 20 for transporting fuel.
  • the fuel transport circuit 20 has an upstream part 20A and a downstream part 20B terminating in an end 20C.
  • the burner 10 further comprises a deflection element 50 positioned in the circuit 20 and configured to be movable in translation between the upstream part 20A as illustrated by the figure 6 (position P1 ') and the downstream part 20B as illustrated by the figure 5 (position P0').
  • a pilot gas G is injected via a central tube 60 to provide the pilot flame function before the injection of the lean gas Gp. Once the lean gas flame Gp is established, the pilot flame can be extinguished by closing the pilot gas supply G. In some cases, however, the pilot flame can be maintained.
  • the majority of the air A (secondary air) is injected between the tubes 60, 61 and 61, 30 which are coaxial with the central tube 60.
  • This air A can advantageously pass through a deflection element 62 to provide its movement with a radial component.
  • the lean gas Gp arrives via a side inlet E with an angle close to 90° then it is directed towards the upstream part 20A as indicated by the arrows.
  • the lean gas Gp is then transported in the circuit 20 to the end 20C where it is directed to be burned in the combustion chamber and produce steam.
  • the end 20C can comprise a system of convergers 21 configured to converge the fuel at the outlet of the burner 10 towards the longitudinal axis X.
  • the body of burner B is only partially shown. It can take any form and/or element known to those skilled in the art.
  • the figures 7 and 8 represent another example of burner 100 according to the invention.
  • the burner 100 is intended to burn pulverized solid fuels, such as coal, with a reduced emission of NOx gases.
  • the burner 100 comprises an inner tube 300 and an outer tube 400.
  • the two tubes 300 and 400 form an annular circuit 200 for transporting a fuel PC.
  • the fuel transport circuit 200 has, in the direction of fuel flow, an upstream part 200A and a downstream part 200B terminating in an end 200C.
  • the distance S between the inner tube 300 and the outer tube 400 has a maximum value Smax in the downstream part 200B and a minimum value Smin in the upstream part 200A.
  • the variation of the distance S between the upstream part and the downstream part is abrupt in this embodiment. However, it can be progressive in other embodiments not shown.
  • the burner 100 further comprises a deflection element 500 which may be similar to the deflection element 5 described previously.
  • This deflection element 500 is configured to be movable in translation in the circuit 200.
  • the deflection element 500 is more precisely movable between one end of the upstream part represented by the recess 301 and the downstream end 200C.
  • the burner also comprises two external circuits for conveying two other fluids AA and RA, for example other fuels, combustion air or a mixture between a fuel and the air.
  • the inner tube 300 can also convey within it a complementary fluid Q.
  • the figure 9 represents a variant of the embodiment of the figure 8 in which the end 200C is provided with an additional element 201 making it possible to reduce the distance S at this end.
  • the fuel speed variation as a function of the position of the deflection element 500 is limited.
  • the figure 10 represents another variant of the embodiment of the figure 8 in which the end 200C is provided with an additional element 202 which has a shape configured to converge the fluid leaving the burner 100 towards the longitudinal axis X.
  • This variant makes it possible to further reduce the NOx and to concentrate the fuel at the center of the burner 100, in particular if it is a pulverized solid fuel.
  • the deflection element 5; 50; 500 can have an annular shape. It may also include blades and other elements or shapes known to those skilled in the art.
  • said blades have an angle of deviation between 5° and 50°.
  • Smin can be less than or equal to 85% of Smax.
  • the fuel which does not pass through the deflection element passes through the exterior of the latter, that is to say into the space located between the deflection element and the outer tube.
  • the fuel which does not pass through the deflection element circulates in the space located between the deflection element and the inner tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Brenner (1; 10; 100), umfassend einen ringförmigen Kreislauf (2; 20; 200) zum Transportieren von Heizmaterial, der durch ein inneres Rohr (3; 30; 300) und ein äußeres Rohr (4; 40; 400) begrenzt wird, die gemäß einer Längsachse (X) im Wesentlichen konzentrisch sind, wobei der Kreislauf aufweist:
    - einen stromaufwärtigen Teil (2A; 20A; 200A) und einen stromabwärtigen Teil (2B; 20B; 200B) in der Strömungsrichtung des Heizmaterials, der in einem offenen Ende (2C; 20C; 200C) endet,
    - einen Abstand (S) zwischen dem inneren Rohr (3; 30; 300) und dem äußeren Rohr (4; 40; 400), der zwischen dem stromaufwärtigen Teil (2A; 20A; 200A) und dem stromabwärtigen Teil (2B; 20B; 200B) des ringförmigen Kreislaufs (2; 20; 200) variabel ist,
    der Brenner (1; 10; 100) umfassend ferner ein Ablenkungselement (5; 50; 500), das konfiguriert ist, um einer Richtung des Heizmaterials, das sich in dem ringförmigen Kreislauf (2; 20; 200) des stromaufwärtigen Teils (2A; 20A; 200A) in Richtung des offenen Endes (2C; 20C; 200C) bewegt, eine radiale Komponente zu verleihen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ablenkungselement (5; 50; 500) zwischen dem stromaufwärtigen Teil (2A; 20A; 200A) und dem stromabwärtigen Teil (2B; 20B; 200B) verschiebbar ist und wobei das innere Rohr (3; 30; 300) bezogen auf das äußere Rohr (4; 40; 400) fixiert ist.
  2. Brenner (1; 10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Abstand (S) zwischen dem inneren Rohr (3; 30) und dem äußeren Rohr (4; 40) in dem stromaufwärtigen Teil (2A; 20A) größer als in dem stromabwärtigen Teil (2B; 20B) des ringförmigen Kreislaufs (2; 20) ist.
  3. Brenner (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2, wobei das offene Ende (20C) mit einem Mischrohrkopfsystem (21) versehen ist, das zum Zusammenführen des Heizmaterials an einem Auslass des Brenners (10) in Richtung der Längsachse (X) konfiguriert ist.
  4. Brenner (100) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Abstand (S) zwischen dem inneren Rohr (3; 30) und dem äußeren Rohr (4; 40) in dem stromaufwärtigen Teil (200A) geringer als in dem stromabwärtigen Teil (200B) ist.
  5. Brenner (100) nach Anspruch 4, wobei das offene Ende (200C) ein zusätzliches Element (201; 202) umfasst, das den Abstand zwischen dem inneren Rohr (300) und dem äußeren Rohr (400) nahe des offenen Endes (200C) verringert.
  6. Brenner (100) nach Anspruch 5, wobei das zusätzliche Element (202) eine Form aufweist, die zum Zusammenführen des Fluids an dem Auslass des Brenners (100) in Richtung der Längsachse (X) konfiguriert ist.
  7. Brenner (1; 10; 100) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Ablenkungselement (5; 50; 500) eine ringförmige Form aufweist.
  8. Brenner (1; 10; 100) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Abstand (S) zwischen dem inneren Rohr (3; 30; 300) und dem äußeren Rohr (4; 40; 400) einen Minimalwert (Smin) aufweist, wobei das Ablenkungselement (5; 50; 500) eine Höhe (H) aufweist, die gleich dem Minimalwert (Smin) ist.
  9. Brenner (1; 10; 100) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Abstand (S) zwischen dem inneren Rohr (3; 30; 300) und dem äußeren Rohr (4; 40; 400) einen Minimalwert (Smin) und einen Maximalwert (Smax) aufweist, wobei der Minimalwert (Smin) kleiner als oder gleich 85 % des Maximalwerts (Smax) ist.
EP19848894.2A 2018-12-28 2019-12-20 Brenner mit einstellbarer flamme Active EP3903029B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1874343A FR3091331B1 (fr) 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 Brûleur a flamme ajustable
PCT/FR2019/053230 WO2020136334A1 (fr) 2018-12-28 2019-12-20 Brûleur a flamme ajustable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3903029A1 EP3903029A1 (de) 2021-11-03
EP3903029B1 true EP3903029B1 (de) 2023-01-25

Family

ID=66676794

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19848894.2A Active EP3903029B1 (de) 2018-12-28 2019-12-20 Brenner mit einstellbarer flamme

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3903029B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2942061T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3091331B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2020136334A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2772887B1 (fr) * 1997-12-24 2000-03-17 Pillard Chauffage Bruleur a faible emission d'oxyde d'azote avec circuit de gaz recycle
US6474250B1 (en) * 2001-05-24 2002-11-05 Babcock Borsig Power, Inc. Nozzle assembly for a pulverized coal burner
FR2901852B1 (fr) * 2006-05-30 2010-10-22 Egci Pillard Conduite annulaire a double flux et bruleur comportant une telle conduite

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2942061T3 (es) 2023-05-29
EP3903029A1 (de) 2021-11-03
FR3091331A1 (fr) 2020-07-03
FR3091331B1 (fr) 2021-01-08
WO2020136334A1 (fr) 2020-07-02

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