EP3901550A1 - A system for detecting clogging in a heat exchanger - Google Patents
A system for detecting clogging in a heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3901550A1 EP3901550A1 EP21165770.5A EP21165770A EP3901550A1 EP 3901550 A1 EP3901550 A1 EP 3901550A1 EP 21165770 A EP21165770 A EP 21165770A EP 3901550 A1 EP3901550 A1 EP 3901550A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
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- measuring device
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- volume
- flow
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002023 somite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/48—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water
- F24H1/52—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water incorporating heat exchangers for domestic water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
- F24H15/144—Measuring or calculating energy consumption
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
- F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
- F24H15/238—Flow rate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/395—Information to users, e.g. alarms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
- F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
- F24H15/45—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based remotely accessible
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G15/00—Details
- F28G15/003—Control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
- F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
- F24H15/40—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers
- F24H15/414—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based
- F24H15/421—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the type of controllers using electronic processing, e.g. computer-based using pre-stored data
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2200/00—Prediction; Simulation; Testing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a system for detecting a blockage in the heat exchanger of a water heater, comprising a first line which is hydraulically connected to a central heating circuit, and a second line which is hydraulically connected to a domestic water line; a heating cell connected to the first conduit for heating the liquid in the first conduit; a first volume hydraulically connected to the first conduit, and a second volume hydraulically connected to said second conduit, at least one heat transfer means provided between said first volume and said second volume, and a heat exchanger for Heat transfer between the first conduit and the second conduit.
- Water heaters in particular combination water heaters, are connected to a central heating circuit and to a domestic water pipe. They ensure that the liquid in the central heating circuit and the water in the house water pipe are heated.
- the water in the central heating circuit is fed into the water heater, heated by a heating cell and fed back into the central heating circuit. Heating components such as radiators in the central heating circuit ensure that the rooms are heated.
- the water in the house water pipe is heated in that heat is transferred between the water from the central heating circuit after it has been heated and the water from the house water pipe using a heat exchanger.
- the heat exchanger comprises a first volume through which the water from the central heating circuit flows, and a second volume through which the water from the domestic water pipe flows. That first volume and the second volume exchange heat via a heat transfer medium. In this case, heat is transferred from the water heated by a heating cell in the first volume of the central heating circuit to the water in the second volume of the domestic water pipe.
- a blockage can also damage the heat exchanger in the following steps and ensure a flow of liquid from the central heating circuit into the domestic water pipe.
- the present invention relates to a system for eliminating the above-mentioned drawbacks and for detecting clogging in a heat exchanger in order to obtain new advantages in the relevant technical field.
- the feature of a possible embodiment of the invention is that the consumption measuring device mentioned is a gas measuring device.
- the feature of a possible embodiment of the invention is that the consumption measuring device mentioned is a current measuring device.
- the consumption measuring device is a counter which counts the cycles in which the heating cell is activated and deactivated.
- the feature of a further possible embodiment of the invention is that it comprises a user interface for displaying the generated signal, which is controlled by the control unit.
- the feature of a further possible embodiment of the invention is that the mentioned user interface is provided on the water heater. This will inform the user of the blockage and make it easier to take precautionary measures.
- the mentioned user interface is arranged remotely from the water heater and is either wired or wirelessly connected to the control unit.
- the blockage is recognized by the user from other rooms or from a distance.
- the mentioned user interface is provided on an electronic terminal and is configured in such a way that it communicates wirelessly with the control unit. If the terminal is a server, additional information about water heaters is obtained, which enables replacement of spare parts and a visit by the service technician can be planned and negative effects on the user are reduced.
- control unit is configured to recognize the increase trend when it determines that the beginning and the end of a predetermined number of monitored measurements are in a first value range, which is above the beginning and end of a normal value range, and to recognize the decrease trend when it determines that the beginning and the end of a predetermined number of monitored measurements are in a second value range which is below the beginning and end of a normal value range.
- the flow measuring device mentioned is part of a pump which is provided to provide feedback on the speed of the pump mentioned in order to provide data on the volume flow of the liquid in the first line. This means that the flow rate measurement can be carried out without the need for additional devices.
- the flow measuring device is a flow sensor.
- the invention relates to a system (200) for detecting blockages in the heat exchanger (150) in water heaters (100).
- the water heater (100) contains a first line (110) which is hydraulically connected to a central heating circuit (310), and a second line (120), which is hydraulically connected to the house water pipe.
- the liquid circulating in the central heating circuit (310) enters the first line (110), exits again after heating and is reintroduced into the central heating circuit (310).
- the tap water which comes from a pipe such as the municipal water supply, enters the second pipe (120) and, after heating, is introduced into the domestic water pipe so that consumers can use it via components such as faucets and the like.
- the liquid in the mentioned first line (110) can be water or another liquid that is used for heating purposes.
- the water heater (100) contains a heating cell (130) for heating the liquid in the first conduit (110).
- the aforementioned heating cell (130) provides through the consumption of types of energy such as electricity, gas and the like. Heat off.
- the heating cell (130) can be controlled by thermostat-like elements or a control unit (210). In other words, the cycles in which the heating cell (130) is activated and deactivated can be controlled by these components.
- the first line (110) can also contain a pump (140) for moving the liquid.
- the water heater (100) contains a heat exchanger (150) to enable heat transfer between the heated liquid in the first line (110) and the water in the second line (120) without these mixing with one another.
- the heat exchanger (150) can have a first volume (151) that receives the liquid in the first line (110), a second volume (152) that receives the liquid in the second line (120), and a heat transfer medium (153) for heat transfer between the first volume (151) and the second volume (152).
- the heat exchanger (150) can be of a type known in the art as the plate type.
- the innovation in the system (200) according to the invention consists in ensuring that the blockage in the first volume (151) of the heat exchanger (150) is detected early.
- the system (200) comprises a flow measuring device (220) for measuring the volume flow of the liquid in the first line (110).
- the flow measuring device (220) mentioned can be a flow sensor.
- the pump (140) can be a pump that can communicate bidirectionally.
- the flow measuring device (220) is part of the Pump (140). More precisely, it is a part of the pump (140) which provides feedback regarding the movement of the same. More precisely, it is a part of the pump (140) that provides feedback with regard to the signal with which it is controlled.
- the system (200) comprises a first temperature sensor (231) which is provided in the first line (110) in order to measure the temperature of the heated liquid emerging from the heating cell (130).
- the system (200) also comprises a second temperature sensor (232) which is provided in the second conduit (120) in order to measure the temperature of the heated liquid exiting the heat exchanger (150).
- the system (200) may include a consumption meter (240) that measures the amount of type of energy consumed by the heating cell (130).
- the aforementioned consumption measuring device (240) can be a measuring element that measures the amount of gas or amount of electricity consumed by the heating cell (130), or a counter that counts the cycles in which the heating cell is activated and deactivated.
- the system (200) comprises a control unit (210), which comprises a processor unit (211), the measurements of the flow, the temperature and the type of energy consumed by the flow measuring device (220), the first temperature sensor (231), the second temperature sensor (232 ) and the consumption measuring device (240) receives.
- the mentioned control unit (210) comprises a memory unit (212) which is assigned to the processor unit (211) in such a way that the processor unit (211) can read and write the data.
- the processor unit (211) can be a microprocessor.
- the processor unit (211) stores the measurements of flow rate, temperature and type of energy consumed assigned to their reception times in a storage unit (212).
- the temperature of the water in the second volume (152) will rise to a lesser degree as a lesser amount of heated liquid heats the water in the second volume (152) transmits; in other words, the temperature will remain below the expected temperature range.
- the flow rate of the liquid in the first line (110) will decrease, since the expected amount of liquid is not in the cycle and this will increase the temperature of the liquid in the first conduit (110).
- the operating frequency of the heating cell is increased because the desired temperature in the domestic water pipe cannot be reached.
- the processor unit (211) monitors the measurements that are stored in the storage unit (212).
- the processor unit (211) generates a signal about the blockage in the first volume (151) when an increase in the temperature measurements received in a first time interval from the first temperature sensor (231) is detected, if a decrease in the aforementioned first time interval temperature measurements received from the second temperature sensor (232) are detected when a decrease trend in the flow measurements obtained in the first time interval from the flow measuring device (220) is detected, and when an increase trend is detected in the measurements of the type of energy received by the consumption measuring device (240) will.
- the processor unit (211) recognizes the increase trend and the decrease trend, for example, as follows, without having a restrictive effect:
- the processor unit (211) recognizes the increase trend when it determines that the initial values and final values of a predetermined number of monitored measurements are in a first value range, which successively lies above the start values and end values of a normal value range, recognizes the decrease trend when it determines that the start values and end values of a predetermined number of monitored measurements are in a first value range, which in turn is below the start and end of a normal value range Value range.
- the increasing trend can be recognized if it is determined that the majority of the successive measurements are increasing according to time and that it is above certain threshold values; the decrease trend can be recognized if it is established that the majority of the successive measurements are decreasing and that it is below certain threshold values.
- the increase or decrease trend can be recognized by taking into account the maximum and / or minimum values observed at certain intervals.
- the system can also comprise a user interface (250) associated with the processor unit (211) in order to ensure that the aforesaid Signal is sent to the user.
- the mentioned user interface (250) can be provided on the water heater (100).
- the user interface (250) can be arranged in a room remote from the water heater (100) and can provide data exchange with the processor unit (211) in a wired or wireless manner.
- the user interface (250) can be provided on an electronic terminal.
- the processor unit (211) can exchange the data wirelessly with the electronic terminal.
- the electronic terminal can be a server, a mobile device, a computer and the like. If the terminal is a server, the blockage can be detected in advance by the technical service of the water heater (100) and spare parts can be obtained so that measures can be planned at an early stage.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein System (200) zur Erkennung einer Verstopfung des Wärmetauschers (150) in einem Wasserheizer (100), der eine erste Leitung (110), die hydraulisch mit einem Zentralheizkreislauf (310) verbunden ist, und eine zweite Leitung (120), die hydraulisch mit einer Hauswasserleitung (320) verbunden ist, eine Heizzelle (130), die mit der erwähnten ersten Leitung (110) zur Erwärmung der Flüssigkeit in der ersten Leitung (110) verbunden ist, ein erstes Volumen (151), das hydraulisch mit der ersten Leitung (110) verbunden ist, und ein zweites Volumen (152), das hydraulisch mit der erwähnten zweiten Leitung (120) verbunden ist, mindestens ein Wärmeübertragungsmittel (153), das zwischen dem erwähnten ersten Volumen (151) und dem erwähnten zweiten Volumen (152) vorgesehen ist, einen Wärmetauscher (150) zur Wärmeübertragung zwischen der ersten Leitung (110) und der zweiten Leitung (120), umfasst. Die Verstopfung im ersten Volumen (151) wird erkannt.The invention relates to a system (200) for detecting a blockage of the heat exchanger (150) in a water heater (100), which has a first line (110), which is hydraulically connected to a central heating circuit (310), and a second line (120) , which is hydraulically connected to a domestic water line (320), a heating cell (130) which is connected to the mentioned first line (110) for heating the liquid in the first line (110), a first volume (151) which is hydraulically connected to the first conduit (110), and a second volume (152) hydraulically connected to said second conduit (120), at least one heat transfer means (153) interposed between said first volume (151) and said second volume (152) is provided, a heat exchanger (150) for heat transfer between the first line (110) and the second line (120) comprises. The blockage in the first volume (151) is recognized.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein System zur Erkennung einer Verstopfung im Wärmetauscher eines Wasserheizers, umfassend eine erste Leitung, die hydraulisch mit einem Zentralheizkreislauf verbunden ist, und eine zweite Leitung, die hydraulisch mit einer Hauswasserleitung verbunden ist; eine Heizzelle, die mit der ersten Leitung zur Erwärmung der Flüssigkeit in der ersten Leitung verbunden ist; ein erstes Volumen, das hydraulisch mit der ersten Leitung verbunden ist, und ein zweites Volumen, das hydraulisch mit der erwähnten zweiten Leitung verbunden ist, mindestens ein Wärmeübertragungsmittel, das zwischen dem erwähnten ersten Volumen und dem erwähnten zweiten Volumen vorgesehen ist, und einen Wärmetauscher zur Wärmeübertragung zwischen der ersten Leitung und der zweiten Leitung.The invention relates to a system for detecting a blockage in the heat exchanger of a water heater, comprising a first line which is hydraulically connected to a central heating circuit, and a second line which is hydraulically connected to a domestic water line; a heating cell connected to the first conduit for heating the liquid in the first conduit; a first volume hydraulically connected to the first conduit, and a second volume hydraulically connected to said second conduit, at least one heat transfer means provided between said first volume and said second volume, and a heat exchanger for Heat transfer between the first conduit and the second conduit.
Wasserheizer, insbesondere Kombi-Wasserheizer, sind an einen Zentralheizkreislauf und an eine Hauswasserleitung angeschlossen. Sie sorgen für die Erwärmung der Flüssigkeit im Zentralheizkreislauf und des Wassers in der Hauswasserleitung. Das Wasser im Zentralheizkreislauf wird in den Wasserheizer eingeleitet, durch eine Heizzelle erwärmt und wieder in den Zentralheizkreislauf zurückgeleitet. Durch Heizkomponenten wie Heizkörper im Zentralheizkreislauf wird dafür gesorgt, dass die Räume geheizt werden.Water heaters, in particular combination water heaters, are connected to a central heating circuit and to a domestic water pipe. They ensure that the liquid in the central heating circuit and the water in the house water pipe are heated. The water in the central heating circuit is fed into the water heater, heated by a heating cell and fed back into the central heating circuit. Heating components such as radiators in the central heating circuit ensure that the rooms are heated.
Das Wasser in der Hauswasserleitung wird dadurch erwärmt, dass zwischen dem Wasser aus dem Zentralheizkreislauf nach dessen Erhitzen und dem Wasser aus der Hauswasserleitung anhand eines Wärmetauschers eine Wärmeübertragung durchgeführt wird. Der Wärmetauscher umfasst ein erstes Volumen, durch welches das Wasser aus dem Zentralheizkreislauf fließt, und ein zweites Volumen, durch welches das Wasser der Hauswasserleitung fließt. Das erste Volumen und das zweite Volumen tauschen Wärme über ein Wärmeübertragungsmittel aus. Dabei erfolgt eine Wärmeübertragung aus dem durch eine Heizzelle erwärmten Wasser in dem ersten Volumen des Zentralheizkreislaufes auf das Wasser in dem zweiten Volumen der Hauswasserleitung.The water in the house water pipe is heated in that heat is transferred between the water from the central heating circuit after it has been heated and the water from the house water pipe using a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger comprises a first volume through which the water from the central heating circuit flows, and a second volume through which the water from the domestic water pipe flows. That first volume and the second volume exchange heat via a heat transfer medium. In this case, heat is transferred from the water heated by a heating cell in the first volume of the central heating circuit to the water in the second volume of the domestic water pipe.
Bei einer Verstopfung auf der Zentralheizungsseite des Wärmetauschers wird das Wasser in der Hauswasserleitung nicht ausreichend erwärmt und der Komfort der Benutzer wird negativ beeinflusst. Eine Verstopfung kann in den nachfolgenden Schritten auch den Wärmetauscher schädigen und für einen Flüssigkeitsstrom aus dem Zentralheizungskreislauf in die Hauswasserleitung sorgen.If there is a blockage on the central heating side of the heat exchanger, the water in the domestic water pipe will not be heated sufficiently and the comfort of the user will be negatively affected. A blockage can also damage the heat exchanger in the following steps and ensure a flow of liquid from the central heating circuit into the domestic water pipe.
In der deutschen Patentanmeldung
Letztlich führen alle oben erwähnten Probleme zur Notwendigkeit einer Neuerung auf dem relevanten technischen Gebiet.Ultimately, all of the above-mentioned problems lead to the need for innovation in the relevant technical field.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein System zur Beseitigung der oben erwähnten Nachteile und zur Erkennung von Verstopfungen in einem Wärmetauscher, um neue Vorteile auf dem relevanten technischen Gebiet zu erzielen.The present invention relates to a system for eliminating the above-mentioned drawbacks and for detecting clogging in a heat exchanger in order to obtain new advantages in the relevant technical field.
Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein System bereitzustellen, das erlaubt, die Verstopfung auf der Zentralheizungsseite des Wärmetauschers zu erkennen.It is an object of the invention to provide a system which allows the clogging on the central heating side of the heat exchanger to be detected.
Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein System bereitzustellen, das ermöglicht, die Verstopfung auf der Zentralheizungsseite des Wärmetauschers früher festzustellen als die Systeme im Stand der Technik.
Um alle oben erwähnten und sich aus der nachstehenden detaillierten Beschreibung ergebenden Aufgaben zu erfüllen, betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein System zur Erkennung einer Verstopfung im Wärmetauscher in einem Wasserheizer, der eine erste Leitung, die hydraulisch mit einem Zentralheizkreislauf verbunden ist, und eine zweite Leitung, die hydraulisch mit einer Hauswasserleitung verbunden ist, eine Heizzelle, die mit der ersten Leitung zur Erwärmung der Flüssigkeit in der erwähnten ersten Leitung verbunden ist, ein erstes Volumen, das hydraulisch mit der ersten Leitung verbunden ist, und ein zweites Volumen, das hydraulisch mit der erwähnten zweiten Leitung verbunden ist, mindestens ein Wärmeübertragungsmittel, das zwischen dem erwähnten ersten Volumen und dem erwähnten zweiten Volumen vorgesehen ist, einen Wärmetauscher zur Wärmeübertragung zwischen der ersten Leitung und der zweiten Leitung, umfasst. Dementsprechend besteht die Neuerung darin, dass sie einen ersten Temperatursensor zum Messen der Temperatur der Flüssigkeit in der ersten Leitung; einen zweiten Temperatursensor zum Messen der Temperatur des Wassers, das den Wärmetauscher in der zweiten Leitung verlässt; eine Durchflussmesseinrichtung zum Messen des Volumenstroms der Flüssigkeit in der ersten Leitung; eine Verbrauchsmessvorrichtung zum Messen der Menge der verbrauchten Energieart, der von der Heizzelle für den Heizprozess verbraucht wird, eine Steuereinheit, die so mit dem ersten Temperatursensor, dem zweiten Temperatursensor, der Durchflussmesseinrichtung und der Verbrauchsmessvorrichtung verbunden ist, dass sie Messungen der Temperatur, des Durchflusses und der Menge der verbrauchten Energieart empfängt, umfasst;
wobei die Steuereinheit derart konfiguriert ist, dass sie die empfangenen Temperaturmessungen, Durchflussmessungen und die Messungen der verbrauchten Energieart in einer Speichereinheit aufzeichnet, indem sie diese den Empfangszeiten zuordnet und
- dass die gespeicherten Temperaturmessungen, Durchflussmessungen und Messungen der verbrauchten Energieart überwacht werden,
- dass ein Signal bezüglich einer Verstopfung im ersten Volumen des Wärmetauschers erzeugt wird, wenn in einem ersten Zeitintervall ein Zunahmetrend in den Temperaturmessungen des ersten Temperatursensors erkannt wird; wenn im erwähnten ersten Zeitintervall ein Abnahmetrend in den Temperaturmessungen des zweiten Temperatursensors erkannt wird; wenn im ersten Zeitintervall ein Abnahmetrend in den von der Durchflussmesseinrichtung empfangenen Durchflussmessungen erkannt wird und wenn im ersten Zeitintervall ein Zunahmetrend in den von der Verbrauchsmessvorrichtung empfangenen Messungen der verbrauchten Energieart erkannt wird. Somit kann die Verstopfung auf der Seite des Zentralheizkreislaufs des Wärmetauschers erkannt werden. Da die Verstopfung anhand von Trends erkannt wird, kann eine frühzeitige Erkennung erfolgen und der Komfort des Benutzers wird in geringerem Maße beeinträchtigt.
In order to achieve all of the objects mentioned above and as will become apparent from the detailed description below, the present invention relates to Invention a system for detecting a blockage in the heat exchanger in a water heater, which has a first line, which is hydraulically connected to a central heating circuit, and a second line, which is hydraulically connected to a domestic water line, a heating cell that is connected to the first line for heating the Fluid in the mentioned first conduit is connected, a first volume which is hydraulically connected to the first conduit, and a second volume which is hydraulically connected to the mentioned second conduit, at least one heat transfer medium between the mentioned first volume and the mentioned second volume is provided, comprises a heat exchanger for heat transfer between the first line and the second line. Accordingly, the innovation is that they have a first temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the liquid in the first line; a second temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the water leaving the heat exchanger in the second conduit; a flow measuring device for measuring the volume flow of the liquid in the first line; a consumption measuring device for measuring the amount of the type of energy consumed by the heating cell for the heating process, a control unit which is connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the flow measuring device and the consumption measuring device that it measures the temperature, the flow and the amount of energy type consumed, comprises;
wherein the control unit is configured in such a way that it records the received temperature measurements, flow measurements and the measurements of the type of energy consumed in a memory unit by assigning them to the reception times and
- that the stored temperature measurements, flow measurements and measurements of the type of energy consumed are monitored,
- that a signal relating to a blockage in the first volume of the heat exchanger is generated if an increase trend is detected in the temperature measurements of the first temperature sensor in a first time interval; if a decrease trend is detected in the temperature measurements of the second temperature sensor in the mentioned first time interval; if in the first time interval a decrease trend is recognized in the flow measurements received by the flow measuring device and if in the first Time interval an increase trend is recognized in the measurements of the type of energy consumed received by the consumption measuring device. Thus, the blockage on the central heating circuit side of the heat exchanger can be recognized. Since clogging is detected based on trends, it can be detected early and the comfort of the user is less impaired.
Das Merkmal einer möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist, dass die erwähnte Verbrauchsmessvorrichtung eine Gasmessvorrichtung ist.The feature of a possible embodiment of the invention is that the consumption measuring device mentioned is a gas measuring device.
Das Merkmal einer möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist, dass die erwähnte Verbrauchsmessvorrichtung eine Strommesseinrichtung ist.The feature of a possible embodiment of the invention is that the consumption measuring device mentioned is a current measuring device.
Das Merkmal einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist, dass die Verbrauchsmessvorrichtung ein Zähler ist, der die Zyklen zählt, in denen die Heizzelle aktiviert und deaktiviert ist.The feature of a further possible embodiment of the invention is that the consumption measuring device is a counter which counts the cycles in which the heating cell is activated and deactivated.
Das Merkmal einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist, dass sie eine Benutzerschnittstelle zur Darstellung des erzeugten Signals umfasst, die durch die Steuereinheit gesteuert wird.The feature of a further possible embodiment of the invention is that it comprises a user interface for displaying the generated signal, which is controlled by the control unit.
Das Merkmal einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist, dass die erwähnte Benutzerschnittstelle an dem Wasserheizer vorgesehen ist. Dadurch wird der Benutzer über die Verstopfung informiert und das Ergreifen von Vorsichtsmaßnahmen wird erleichtert.The feature of a further possible embodiment of the invention is that the mentioned user interface is provided on the water heater. This will inform the user of the blockage and make it easier to take precautionary measures.
Das Merkmal einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist, dass die erwähnte Benutzerschnittstelle vom Wasserheizer entfernt angeordnet ist und entweder drahtgebunden oder drahtlos mit der Steuereinheit verbunden ist. Somit wird die Verstopfung durch den Benutzer aus anderen Räumen oder aus der Ferne erkannt.The feature of a further possible embodiment of the invention is that the mentioned user interface is arranged remotely from the water heater and is either wired or wirelessly connected to the control unit. Thus, the blockage is recognized by the user from other rooms or from a distance.
Das Merkmal einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist, dass die erwähnte Benutzerschnittstelle auf einem elektronischen Terminal vorgesehen, und derart konfiguriert ist, dass sie drahtlos mit der Steuereinheit kommuniziert. Wenn es sich beim Terminal um einen Server handelt, werden zusätzliche Informationen über Wasserheizer erhalten, wodurch ermöglicht wird, dass der Austausch von Ersatzteilen sowie der Besuch des Servicetechnikers geplant werden können und negative Auswirkungen auf den Benutzer reduziert werden.The feature of a further possible embodiment of the invention is that the mentioned user interface is provided on an electronic terminal and is configured in such a way that it communicates wirelessly with the control unit. If the terminal is a server, additional information about water heaters is obtained, which enables replacement of spare parts and a visit by the service technician can be planned and negative effects on the user are reduced.
Das Merkmal einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist, dass die Steuereinheit derart konfiguriert ist, den Zunahmetrend zu erkennen, wenn sie feststellt, dass sich der Anfang und das Ende einer vorgegebenen Anzahl überwachter Messungen in einem ersten Wertbereich befinden, der über dem Anfang und Ende eines normalen Wertbereichs liegt, und den Abnahmetrend zu erkennen, wenn sie feststellt, dass sich der Anfang und das Ende einer vorgegebenen Anzahl überwachter Messungen in einem zweiten Wertbereich befinden, der unter dem Anfang und Ende eines normalen Wertbereichs liegt.The feature of a further possible embodiment of the invention is that the control unit is configured to recognize the increase trend when it determines that the beginning and the end of a predetermined number of monitored measurements are in a first value range, which is above the beginning and end of a normal value range, and to recognize the decrease trend when it determines that the beginning and the end of a predetermined number of monitored measurements are in a second value range which is below the beginning and end of a normal value range.
Das Merkmal einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist, dass die erwähnte Durchflussmesseinrichtung ein Teil einer Pumpe ist, der vorgesehen ist, um eine Rückmeldung über die Drehzahl der erwähnten Pumpe vorzunehmen, um Daten über den Volumenstrom der Flüssigkeit in der ersten Leitung zu liefern. Somit kann die Durchflussmessung durchgeführt werden, ohne dass weitere Geräte erforderlich sind.The feature of a further possible embodiment of the invention is that the flow measuring device mentioned is part of a pump which is provided to provide feedback on the speed of the pump mentioned in order to provide data on the volume flow of the liquid in the first line. This means that the flow rate measurement can be carried out without the need for additional devices.
Das Merkmal einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist, dass die Durchflussmesseinrichtung ein Durchflusssensor ist.The feature of a further possible embodiment of the invention is that the flow measuring device is a flow sensor.
-
In
Fig. 1 ist eine repräsentative Ansicht des Wasserheizers dargestellt.InFig. 1 a representative view of the water heater is shown. -
In
Fig. 2 ist eine repräsentative Ansicht des Systems dargestellt.InFig. 2 a representative view of the system is shown.
In dieser ausführlichen Beschreibung wird der Gegenstand der Erfindung anhand von Beispielen erläutert, die lediglich dem besseren Verständnis des Gegenstands dienen und nicht einschränkend sind.In this detailed description, the subject matter of the invention is explained with the aid of examples, which only serve to provide a better understanding of the subject matter and are not restrictive.
Bei der Erfindung handelt es sich um ein System (200) zur Erkennung der Verstopfung im Wärmetauscher (150) in Wasserheizern (100). Bezugnehmend auf
Der Wasserheizer (100) enthält eine Heizzelle (130) zum Erhitzen der Flüssigkeit in der ersten Leitung (110). Die erwähnte Heizzelle (130) gibt durch den Verbrauch von Energiearten wie Strom, Gas u. Ä. Wärme ab. Die Heizzelle (130) kann durch thermostatartige Elemente oder eine Steuereinheit (210) gesteuert werden. Mit anderen Worten können die Zyklen, in denen die Heizzelle (130) aktiviert und deaktiviert ist, von diesen Komponenten gesteuert werden.The water heater (100) contains a heating cell (130) for heating the liquid in the first conduit (110). The aforementioned heating cell (130) provides through the consumption of types of energy such as electricity, gas and the like. Heat off. The heating cell (130) can be controlled by thermostat-like elements or a control unit (210). In other words, the cycles in which the heating cell (130) is activated and deactivated can be controlled by these components.
Die erste Leitung (110) kann auch eine Pumpe (140) zum Bewegen der Flüssigkeit enthalten.The first line (110) can also contain a pump (140) for moving the liquid.
Der Wasserheizer (100) enthält einen Wärmetauscher (150), um eine Wärmeübertragung zwischen der erwärmten Flüssigkeit in der ersten Leitung (110) und dem Wasser in der zweiten Leitung (120) zu ermöglichen, ohne dass diese sich miteinander vermischen. Der Wärmetauscher (150) kann ein erstes Volumen (151), das die Flüssigkeit in der ersten Leitung (110) aufnimmt, ein zweites Volumen (152), das die Flüssigkeit in der zweiten Leitung (120) aufnimmt, und ein Wärmeübertragungsmittel (153) zur Wärmeübertragung zwischen dem ersten Volumen (151) und dem zweiten Volumen (152) enthalten. Der Wärmetauscher (150) kann von einem Typ sein, der im Stand der Technik als Plattentyp bekannt ist. Die Neuerung in dem erfindungsgemäßen System (200) besteht darin, dafür zu sorgen, dass die Verstopfung in dem ersten Volumen (151) des Wärmetauschers (150) früh erkannt wird.The water heater (100) contains a heat exchanger (150) to enable heat transfer between the heated liquid in the first line (110) and the water in the second line (120) without these mixing with one another. The heat exchanger (150) can have a first volume (151) that receives the liquid in the first line (110), a second volume (152) that receives the liquid in the second line (120), and a heat transfer medium (153) for heat transfer between the first volume (151) and the second volume (152). The heat exchanger (150) can be of a type known in the art as the plate type. The innovation in the system (200) according to the invention consists in ensuring that the blockage in the first volume (151) of the heat exchanger (150) is detected early.
Bezugnehmend auf
Das System (200) umfasst einen ersten Temperatursensor (231), der in der ersten Leitung (110) vorgesehen ist, um die Temperatur der aus der Heizzelle (130) austretenden erwärmten Flüssigkeit zu messen. Das System (200) umfasst außerdem einen zweiten Temperatursensor (232), der in der zweiten Leitung (120) vorgesehen ist, um die Temperatur der aus dem Wärmetauscher (150) austretenden erwärmten Flüssigkeit zu messen. Das System (200) kann eine Verbrauchsmessvorrichtung (240) umfassen, die die Menge der von der Heizzelle (130) verbrauchten Energieart misst. Die erwähnte Verbrauchsmessvorrichtung (240) kann ein Messelement sein, das die von der Heizzelle (130) verbrauchte Gasmenge oder Strommenge misst, oder ein Zähler, der die Zyklen zählt, in denen die Heizzelle aktiviert und deaktiviert ist.The system (200) comprises a first temperature sensor (231) which is provided in the first line (110) in order to measure the temperature of the heated liquid emerging from the heating cell (130). The system (200) also comprises a second temperature sensor (232) which is provided in the second conduit (120) in order to measure the temperature of the heated liquid exiting the heat exchanger (150). The system (200) may include a consumption meter (240) that measures the amount of type of energy consumed by the heating cell (130). The aforementioned consumption measuring device (240) can be a measuring element that measures the amount of gas or amount of electricity consumed by the heating cell (130), or a counter that counts the cycles in which the heating cell is activated and deactivated.
Das System (200) umfasst eine Steuereinheit (210), die eine Prozessoreinheit (211) umfasst, die Messungen des Durchflusses, der Temperatur und der verbrauchten Energieart von der Durchflussmesseinrichtung (220), dem ersten Temperatursensor (231), dem zweiten Temperatursensor (232) und der Verbrauchsmessvorrichtung (240) empfängt. Die erwähnte Steuereinheit (210) umfasst eine Speichereinheit (212), die der Prozessoreinheit (211) derart zugeordnet ist, dass die Prozessoreinheit (211) die Daten lesen und schreiben kann. Die Prozessoreinheit (211) kann ein Mikroprozessor sein.The system (200) comprises a control unit (210), which comprises a processor unit (211), the measurements of the flow, the temperature and the type of energy consumed by the flow measuring device (220), the first temperature sensor (231), the second temperature sensor (232 ) and the consumption measuring device (240) receives. The mentioned control unit (210) comprises a memory unit (212) which is assigned to the processor unit (211) in such a way that the processor unit (211) can read and write the data. The processor unit (211) can be a microprocessor.
Die Prozessoreinheit (211) speichert die Messungen von Durchfluss, Temperatur und verbrauchter Energieart zugeordnet zu ihren Empfangszeiten in einer Speichereinheit (212).The processor unit (211) stores the measurements of flow rate, temperature and type of energy consumed assigned to their reception times in a storage unit (212).
Im Falle einer Verstopfung im ersten Volumen (151) des Wärmetauschers (150), wird die Temperatur des Wassers im zweiten Volumen (152) um einen geringeren Grad ansteigen, da eine geringere Menge an erwärmter Flüssigkeit Wärme an das Wasser im zweiten Volumen (152) überträgt; mit anderen Worten wird die Temperatur unter dem erwarteten Temperaturbereich bleiben. Im Falle einer Verstopfung im ersten Volumen (151), wird die Durchflussgeschwindigkeit der Flüssigkeit in der ersten Leitung (110) abnehmen, da sich nicht die erwartete Flüssigkeitsmenge im Zyklus befindet, und dies wird die Temperatur der Flüssigkeit in der ersten Leitung (110) erhöhen. Außerdem wird die Betriebsfrequenz der Heizzelle erhöht, da die gewünschte Temperatur in der Hauswasserleitung nicht erreicht werden kann.In the event of a blockage in the first volume (151) of the heat exchanger (150), the temperature of the water in the second volume (152) will rise to a lesser degree as a lesser amount of heated liquid heats the water in the second volume (152) transmits; in other words, the temperature will remain below the expected temperature range. In the event of a blockage in the first volume (151), the flow rate of the liquid in the first line (110) will decrease, since the expected amount of liquid is not in the cycle and this will increase the temperature of the liquid in the first conduit (110). In addition, the operating frequency of the heating cell is increased because the desired temperature in the domestic water pipe cannot be reached.
Demnach überwacht die Prozessoreinheit (211) die Messungen, die in der Speichereinheit (212) gespeichert sind. Als Neuerungsaspekt der Erfindung erzeugt die Prozessoreinheit (211) ein Signal über die Verstopfung im ersten Volumen (151), wenn ein Zunahmetrend der in einem ersten Zeitintervall aus dem ersten Temperatursensor (231) empfangenen Temperaturmessungen erkannt wird, wenn ein Abnahmetrend der im erwähnten ersten Zeitintervall aus dem zweiten Temperatursensor (232) empfangenen Temperaturmessungen erkannt wird, wenn ein Abnahmetrend der im ersten Zeitintervall von der Durchflussmesseinrichtung (220) erhaltenen Durchflussmessungen erkannt wird, und wenn ein Zunahmetrend in den Messungen der Energieart erkannt wird, die von der Verbrauchsmessvorrichtung (240) empfangen werden.Accordingly, the processor unit (211) monitors the measurements that are stored in the storage unit (212). As an innovation aspect of the invention, the processor unit (211) generates a signal about the blockage in the first volume (151) when an increase in the temperature measurements received in a first time interval from the first temperature sensor (231) is detected, if a decrease in the aforementioned first time interval temperature measurements received from the second temperature sensor (232) are detected when a decrease trend in the flow measurements obtained in the first time interval from the flow measuring device (220) is detected, and when an increase trend is detected in the measurements of the type of energy received by the consumption measuring device (240) will.
Die Prozessoreinheit (211) erkennt den Zunahmetrend und den Abnahmetrend beispielhaft wie folgt, ohne einschränkend zu wirken: Die Prozessoreinheit (211) erkennt den Zunahmetrend, wenn sie feststellt, dass sich die Anfangswerte und Endwerte einer vorgegebenen Anzahl überwachter Messungen in einem ersten Wertbereich befinden, welcher der Reihe nach über den Anfangswerten und Endwerten eines normalen Wertbereichs liegt, erkennt den Abnahmetrend, wenn sie feststellt, dass sich die Anfangswerte und Endwerte einer vorgegebenen Anzahl überwachter Messungen in einem ersten Wertbereich befinden, welcher der Reihe nach unter dem Anfang und Ende eines normalen Wertbereichs liegt. Als Alternative kann der Zunahmetrend erkannt werden, wenn festgestellt wird, dass die Mehrzahl der aufeinanderfolgenden Messungen entsprechend der Zeit zunimmt, und dass sie über bestimmten Schwellenwerten liegt; der Abnahmetrend kann erkannt werden, wenn festgestellt wird, dass die Mehrzahl der aufeinanderfolgenden Messungen abnimmt, und dass sie unter bestimmten Schwellenwerten liegt. In einer möglichen Ausführung kann der Zunahme- oder Abnahmetrend durch Berücksichtigung der in bestimmten Intervallen beobachteten Maximal- und/oder Minimalwerte erkannt werden.The processor unit (211) recognizes the increase trend and the decrease trend, for example, as follows, without having a restrictive effect: The processor unit (211) recognizes the increase trend when it determines that the initial values and final values of a predetermined number of monitored measurements are in a first value range, which successively lies above the start values and end values of a normal value range, recognizes the decrease trend when it determines that the start values and end values of a predetermined number of monitored measurements are in a first value range, which in turn is below the start and end of a normal value range Value range. As an alternative, the increasing trend can be recognized if it is determined that the majority of the successive measurements are increasing according to time and that it is above certain threshold values; the decrease trend can be recognized if it is established that the majority of the successive measurements are decreasing and that it is below certain threshold values. In one possible embodiment, the increase or decrease trend can be recognized by taking into account the maximum and / or minimum values observed at certain intervals.
Das System kann auch eine der Prozessoreinheit (211) zugeordnete Benutzerschnittstelle (250) umfassen, um zu gewährleisten, dass das genannte Signal an den Benutzer gesendet wird. Die erwähnte Benutzerschnittstelle (250) kann an dem Wasserheizer (100) vorgesehen sein. Die Benutzerschnittstelle (250) kann in einer möglichen Ausführungsform in einem vom Wasserheizer (100) entfernten Raum angeordnet sein und drahtgebunden oder drahtlos für Datenaustausch mit der Prozessoreinheit (211) sorgen. In einer möglichen Ausführungsform kann die Benutzerschnittstelle (250) auf einem elektronischen Terminal vorgesehen sein. Die Prozessoreinheit (211) kann die Daten drahtlos mit dem elektronischen Terminal austauschen. Das elektronische Terminal kann ein Server, ein mobiles Gerät, ein Computer u.Ä. sein. Falls es sich beim Terminal um einen Server handelt, kann die Verstopfung vom Technik-Service des Wasserheizers (100) im Voraus erkannt und Ersatzteile besorgt werden, so dass eine frühe Maßnahmenplanung vorgenommen werden kann.The system can also comprise a user interface (250) associated with the processor unit (211) in order to ensure that the aforesaid Signal is sent to the user. The mentioned user interface (250) can be provided on the water heater (100). In one possible embodiment, the user interface (250) can be arranged in a room remote from the water heater (100) and can provide data exchange with the processor unit (211) in a wired or wireless manner. In one possible embodiment, the user interface (250) can be provided on an electronic terminal. The processor unit (211) can exchange the data wirelessly with the electronic terminal. The electronic terminal can be a server, a mobile device, a computer and the like. If the terminal is a server, the blockage can be detected in advance by the technical service of the water heater (100) and spare parts can be obtained so that measures can be planned at an early stage.
Der Schutzumfang der Erfindung ist in den Ansprüchen in der Anlage angegeben und kann nicht auf das beschränkt werden, was in dieser detaillierten Beschreibung zum Zweck der Angabe von Beispielen erläutert wird. Es ist offensichtlich, dass der Fachmann auf dem technischen Gebiet im Lichte der obigen Erläuterungen ähnliche Ausführungsformen erstellen kann.The scope of the invention is indicated in the appended claims and cannot be limited to what is set forth in this detailed description for the purpose of giving examples. It is obvious that those skilled in the technical field can create similar embodiments in light of the above explanations.
- 100 Wasserheizer100 water heaters
- 110 Erste Leitung110 First line
- 120 Zweite Leitung120 Second line
- 130 Heizzelle130 heating cell
- 140 Pumpe140 pump
- 150 Wärmetauscher150 heat exchangers
- 151 Erstes Volumen151 First volume
- 152 Zweites Volumen152 Second volume
- 153 Wärmeübertragungsmittel153 heat transfer media
- 200 System200 system
- 210 Steuereinheit210 control unit
- 211 Prozessoreinheit211 processor unit
- 212 Speichereinheit212 storage unit
- 220 Durchflussmesseinrichtung220 flow meter
- 231 Erster Temperatursensor231 First temperature sensor
- 232 Zweiter Temperatursensor232 Second temperature sensor
- 240 Verbrauchsmessvorrichtung240 Consumption meter
- 250 Benutzerschnittstelle250 user interface
- 310 Zentralheizkreislauf310 central heating circuit
- 320 Hauswasserleitung320 house water pipe
Claims (11)
wobei die Steuereinheit (210) derart konfiguriert ist, dass sie die empfangenen Temperaturmessungen, Durchflussmessungen und die Messungen der verbrauchten Energieart in einer Speichereinheit (212) speichert, indem sie diese den Empfangszeiten zuordnet und
wherein the control unit (210) is configured in such a way that it stores the received temperature measurements, flow measurements and the measurements of the type of energy consumed in a memory unit (212) by assigning them to the reception times and
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