EP3894824A1 - Procédé de détection de particules ou d'aérosols dans un fluide qui s'écoule, programme d'ordinateur et support de stockage électrique - Google Patents

Procédé de détection de particules ou d'aérosols dans un fluide qui s'écoule, programme d'ordinateur et support de stockage électrique

Info

Publication number
EP3894824A1
EP3894824A1 EP19794140.4A EP19794140A EP3894824A1 EP 3894824 A1 EP3894824 A1 EP 3894824A1 EP 19794140 A EP19794140 A EP 19794140A EP 3894824 A1 EP3894824 A1 EP 3894824A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
time intervals
temperature radiation
spot
laser
particle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19794140.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Radoslav Rusanov
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3894824A1 publication Critical patent/EP3894824A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
    • G01N15/1434—Optical arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/10—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame
    • G01M15/102—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases
    • G01M15/108—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring exhaust gases or combustion flame by monitoring exhaust gases using optical methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
    • G01N15/1456—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry without spatial resolution of the texture or inner structure of the particle, e.g. processing of pulse signals
    • G01N15/1459—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry without spatial resolution of the texture or inner structure of the particle, e.g. processing of pulse signals the analysis being performed on a sample stream
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
    • G01N21/718—Laser microanalysis, i.e. with formation of sample plasma
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0038—Investigating nanoparticles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
    • G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N2015/1027—Determining speed or velocity of a particle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
    • G01N2015/1486—Counting the particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
    • G01N2015/1493—Particle size

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the detection of particles or aerosol in a flowing fluid using the principle of laser-induced incandescence, as well as a computer program and an electrical one
  • LN laser-induced incandescence
  • soot particles with a nanosecond pulse for example soot particles with a nanosecond pulse
  • the method according to the invention serves for the detection of particles or aerosol in a fluid, for example an exhaust gas. He works using the principle of laser-induced incandescence (LII). It starts with Laser light, which emanates from a laser and is concentrated in a spot, i.e. a volume area with the smallest dimensions in the pm range, with a sufficiently high intensity, heats a particle to several thousand degrees through partial absorption of the laser light. This hot particle gives way after LII. It starts with Laser light, which emanates from a laser and is concentrated in a spot, i.e. a volume area with the smallest dimensions in the pm range, with a sufficiently high intensity, heats a particle to several thousand degrees through partial absorption of the laser light. This hot particle gives way after
  • Planck's law of radiation emits a characteristic temperature radiation (incandescence or glow emission), which serves as a measurement signal and is received with a detector.
  • the spectrum of this thermally emitted light (thermal radiation) is usually relatively broadband with a maximum in the red range (at approx. 750 nm).
  • an optical element which is arranged in the beam path of the laser and is designed and set up to bundle the laser light emanating from the laser in the very small spot is used.
  • a focus diameter of e.g. 10 pm it can be assumed that only one particle flies through the spot at a time
  • the detector is set up and arranged such that it detects the temperature radiation emanating from the spot.
  • Inexpensive semiconductor laser diodes can be used as lasers.
  • the detection of the temperature radiation can, for example, by means of a sensitive one
  • Photodiode or a multi-pixel photon counter (MPPC).
  • the method according to the invention comprises at least the following steps:
  • Time intervals the duration of the time intervals of one
  • the invention uses the fact that the particles or aerosols have a typical flight time through the laser spot, which depends on the known and constant spot dimensions and above all on the variable
  • Velocity of the fluid in which the particles or aerosol are located depends. This makes it possible to determine the probable period of time during which the signal provided by the detector is detected on the basis of a
  • the invention thus aims at a method for extended signal evaluation, in which the information regarding the fluid velocity (e.g. from a
  • Engine control unit of an internal combustion engine is used
  • variable characterizing temperature radiation for example intensity over time
  • the variable characterizing temperature radiation is evaluated as a function of a speed of the fluid and thus to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio. It is
  • Time interval at a high speed of the fluid is shorter than at a low speed of the fluid.
  • the method according to the invention allows both the number and the mass concentration of particles or aerosols in a flowing fluid, in particular of soot particles in the exhaust gas from diesel and
  • Gasoline vehicles This explicitly includes the ability to
  • the invention allows an improvement or optimization of the relationship between the actual signal and signal noise so that even very small soot particles can be reliably detected.
  • a lower detection limit can be reduced by the method according to the invention, for example to a particle size of less than 23 nm.
  • Evaluation algorithms are used, whereby a computing effort is reduced.
  • time intervals overlap. This allows a seamless evaluation of the variable characterizing the detected temperature radiation.
  • the time intervals can thus be a kind of "sliding window", i.e. that the quantity provided by the detector is evaluated in a time interval and compared with the expected background noise, this time interval e.g. is "pushed" forward in a certain time grid, for example every 1 ps, so that the last time sections of the size are always evaluated in the time interval.
  • the duration of the time interval is greater than an expected FWHM of the size characterizing the temperature radiation, in particular approximately 1 to 2 times, more preferably approximately 1.5 times the expected FWHM.
  • An FWHM is understood to mean a “full width at half maximum” or a “half width”, which is the difference between the two
  • the duration of the time interval during which the size provided by the detector is compared with the expected background and a decision is made about the detection or non-detection of a particle is based on the expected FWHM, determined on the basis of the speed of the fluid, of the size provided by the detector customized. This can be, for example, one or two times the expected FWHM.
  • These adjustments to the duration of the time interval or “evaluation windows” serve to ensure that background noise is not unnecessarily collected around the signal expected for a detected particle, as a result of which the signal-to-noise ratio would be deteriorated.
  • a further development of the invention provides that an overlap period of two adjacent or successive time intervals corresponds to at least half the duration of the time interval. This allows a reliable evaluation of the entire course of the variable provided by the detector.
  • a particle is considered to be detected if the quantity characterizing the temperature radiation or a quantity determined therefrom at least reaches a limit value within a time interval. This is easy to implement in terms of programming.
  • the limit value can depend on an expected background noise. In this way, the "sensitivity" to the expected
  • variable that characterizes the temperature radiation is thus “collected” at fixed intervals, which for example have a duration of e.g. can have 0.5 times the FWHM.
  • a particle is considered to be detected if, within at least two immediately successive time intervals, the quantity characterizing the temperature radiation or a quantity determined therefrom at least reaches a limit value or several different limit values. In this way, the detection of a particle can be displayed very easily.
  • the limit value or the limit values can in turn depend on an expected background noise.
  • variable that characterizes temperature radiation is a continuous variable and an integral is preferably formed therefrom within the scope of the evaluation within the time interval. This is useful, for example, when the detector is a photodiode. In a development of the invention it is provided that the
  • Characteristic temperature radiation characteristic includes a discontinuous variable, in particular a number of pulse-like signals. This is useful if the detector is an MPPC. In the course of the evaluation, a number of the pulse-like signals can then be determined from this within a time interval.
  • time intervals overlapping / non-overlapping
  • time intervals can also be combined with one another, that is to say they can be implemented as mixed forms.
  • the speed of the fluid is determined from an FWHM of preferably large particles, and that this determined speed is then used to determine the length of the time intervals for the detection of the small particles.
  • the SNR signal-to-noise ratio
  • the invention also includes a computer program which is programmed to carry out the method according to at least one of the preceding claims, and an electrical storage medium for one
  • Evaluation device in particular for use in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, on which a computer program for executing the above method is stored, and finally also one
  • FIG. 1 shows a measurement principle based on laser-induced incandescence, which is used in the invention using a detector in the form of a photodiode, for example;
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic structure of a particle sensor which uses the measuring principle shown in principle in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram to explain the structure of the particle sensor from FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a more detailed representation of the structure of the particle sensor of
  • Figure 5 is a diagram in which the course of one of the detector of
  • Particle sensor of Figure 4 and a variable characterizing a detected temperature radiation over time is shown together with a first type of evaluation time intervals, at a first velocity of the flowing fluid;
  • Figure 6 is a diagram similar to Figure 5, at a second velocity of the flowing fluid that is higher than the first velocity;
  • FIG. 7 shows a diagram similar to FIG. 5, with a second type of evaluation time interval at a first speed of the flowing fluid
  • Figure 8 is a diagram similar to Figure 7 at a second velocity of the flowing fluid that is higher than the first velocity
  • Figure 9 is a diagram similar to Figure 5 but with a different type of size provided by the detector.
  • FIG. 10 shows a flow diagram of a method for the detection of particles.
  • FIG 1 illustrates the measurement principle based on laser-induced incandescence ("LN").
  • High-intensity laser light 10 strikes a particle 12, for example a soot particle in the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine (not shown).
  • the intensity of the laser light 10 is so high that the energy of the laser light 10 absorbed by the particle 12 extends the particle 12 to several thousand Degrees Celsius heated.
  • the particle 12 spontaneously emits significant radiation 14 in the form of temperature radiation, also referred to as LII light, essentially without a preferred direction. Part of the radiation 14 emitted in the form of temperature radiation is therefore also emitted in the opposite direction to the direction of the incident laser light 10.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically a basic structure of an embodiment of a particle sensor 16.
  • a spot is understood here as a volume element with very small dimensions in the pm range.
  • the optical element 20 preferably comprises a lens 24. Only in the volume of the spot 22 does the intensity of the laser light 10 reach the high values necessary for laser-induced incandescence.
  • the dimensions of the spot 22 are in the range of a few pm, in particular in the range of at most 200 pm, so that particles 12 passing through the spot 22 are excited to emit evaluable radiation powers, be it through laser-induced incandescence or through chemical reactions (in particular oxidation). As a result, it can be assumed that there is always at most one particle 12 in the spot 22 and that a current measurement signal from the particle sensor 16 only originates from this at most one particle 12.
  • the measurement signal is generated by a detector 26, which is arranged in the particle sensor 16 such that it detects particles 12 passing through the spot 22
  • the measurement signal provided by the detector 26 is a variable that characterizes the detected temperature radiation.
  • the detector 26 preferably has at least one photodiode 26.1, which detects the temperature radiation and enables quantification (intensity as a function of time). This enables a single particle measurement, which enables the extraction of information about the particle 12, such as size and speed.
  • an inexpensive SiPM silicon photomultiplier
  • SPAD diode single-photon avalanche diode
  • the detector can also comprise an MPPC (multi-pixel photon counter).
  • the laser of the laser module 18 is modulated or switched on and off (duty cycle ⁇ 100%).
  • the laser of the laser module 18 is a CW laser. This enables the use of inexpensive semiconductor laser elements (laser diodes), which the
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a possible embodiment of the
  • the laser module 18, which emits the laser light 10 can be seen.
  • the laser light 10 is first shaped by a lens 29 into a parallel beam which passes through a beam splitter, for example in the form of a beam splitter or a dichroic mirror 30. From there it arrives at the optical element 20 or the lens 24 and further in a focused form to the spot 22.
  • a beam splitter for example in the form of a beam splitter or a dichroic mirror 30. From there it arrives at the optical element 20 or the lens 24 and further in a focused form to the spot 22.
  • Temperature radiation 14 (dashed arrows) one in the spot 22 through the
  • Particle 12 excited by laser light 10 in turn passes through lens 24 back to dichroic mirror 30, where it is deflected in the present example by 90 °, passes through a focusing lens 31 and through a filter 32 (this is not mandatory) to photodiode 26.1 of detector 26 reached (in principle, it is also conceivable that the temperature radiation first passes through a filter and then through a focusing lens).
  • the filter 32 is designed such that it filters out the wavelengths of the laser light 10. The interfering background is thus reduced by the filter 32.
  • the exemplary embodiment having the filter 32 specifically uses the narrow bandwidth of laser sources (for example laser diodes) in that this narrow bandwidth is used is filtered out by the detector 26. It is also conceivable to use a simple edge filter. This improves the signal-to-noise ratio.
  • FIG. 4 shows in more detail an advantageous exemplary embodiment of a particle sensor 16, which is suitable for use as a soot particle sensor in the exhaust gas of a combustion process, for example in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine.
  • the exhaust gas forms an example of a fluid flowing at a certain speed that contains particles.
  • the particle sensor 16 has an arrangement of an outer protective tube 44 and an inner protective tube 46.
  • the two protective tubes 44, 46 preferably have a general cylindrical shape or prism shape.
  • the base areas of the cylindrical shapes are preferably circular, elliptical or polygonal.
  • the cylinders are preferably arranged coaxially, the axes of the cylinders being oriented transversely to the flow of exhaust gas 48.
  • the inner protective tube 46 projects in the direction of the axes beyond the outer protective tube 44 into the flowing exhaust gas 48.
  • the outer protective tube 44 projects beyond the inner protective tube 46.
  • the clear width of the outer protective tube 44 is preferably so much larger than the outer diameter of the inner protective tube 46 that a first flow cross section results between the two protective tubes 44, 46.
  • the clear width of the inner protective tube 46 forms a second
  • Flow cross section enters the arrangement of the two protective tubes 44, 46, then changes its direction at the end of the protective tubes 44, 46 facing away from the exhaust gas 48, enters the inner protective tube 46 and is sucked out of this by the exhaust gas 48 flowing past (arrows with the reference symbol 49 ). This results in a laminar flow in the inner protective tube 46.
  • This arrangement of protective tubes 44, 46 is fastened with the soot particle sensor 16 transversely to the direction of flow of the exhaust gas 48 on or in an exhaust pipe (not shown).
  • the soot particle sensor 16 also has the laser 18, which preferably, as shown here, generates parallel laser light 10.
  • the beam splitter is already in the form of the above dichroic mirror 30 mentioned by way of example.
  • a part of the laser light 10 which passes through the beam splitter 30 without deflection is focused by the optical element 20 to the very small spot 22 in the interior of the inner protective tube 46.
  • the light intensity is high enough to heat the particles 12 transported with the exhaust gas 48 at the speed of the flow in the inner protective tube (arrow 49) to several thousand degrees Celsius, so that the heated particles 12 have significant radiation 14 in the form from
  • the radiation 14 is in the near infrared and visible spectral range, for example, but is not on this
  • the laser 18 has a laser diode 50 and a lens 52 which aligns the laser light 10 emanating from the laser diode 50 in parallel.
  • the use of the laser diode 50 represents a particularly inexpensive and easy-to-use possibility of generating laser light 10.
  • the parallel laser light 10 is focused by the optical element 20 to the spot 22.
  • the particle sensor 16 preferably has a first part 16.1 which is exposed to the exhaust gas and a second part 16.2 which is not exposed to the exhaust gas and which contains the optical components of the particle sensor 16. Both parts are separated by a partition 16.3 which runs between the protective tubes 44, 46 and the optical elements of the particle sensor 16.
  • the wall 16.3 serves to isolate the sensitive optical elements from the hot, chemically aggressive and “dirty” exhaust gas 48
  • particularly sensitive components of the particle sensor for example the laser and the detector, are accommodated in a separate housing, and that for the transport of the laser light and / or the thermal radiation to / from the optical components arranged in the exhaust gas, for example, optical waveguides in Form of one or more glass fibers can be used.
  • the particle sensor 16 can furthermore have an evaluation device 56, which is programmed to evaluate, on the basis of the signals of the detector 26, the one provided by the detector 26 and the one detected
  • the evaluation unit 56 has components that are not shown in any further detail.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 The quantity already mentioned above and provided by the detector 26, which characterizes the intensity of the temperature radiation 14 detected by the detector 26, is plotted in these over time t.
  • a value of the measurement signal 58 is designated by S. It can be seen that the measurement signal 58 is a continuous variable, which, however, runs in a wave-like or zigzag fashion, which corresponds to noise.
  • the measurement signal 58 which otherwise remains at a constant low level, rises to an increased value (maximum Smax) and then drops again.
  • FWHM or Full Width at Half Maximum is indicated in the figures by a double arrow with the reference symbol 60.
  • Rectangular boxes in FIGS. 5 and 6 denote time intervals which have the reference symbols 62a, 62b and 62c. In the present case, only three time intervals 62a-c are shown as examples. In fact, however, there is an almost unlimited sequence of time intervals. In this case, a duration 64 of the time intervals 62a-c is greater than the half-value width 60. In the present case, it is approximately 1.5 times the half-value width 60. It can also be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6 that the time intervals 62a-c overlap.
  • An overlap period 66 between successive time intervals 62a and 62b or 62b and 62c is constant and in the present case is approximately 75% of a duration 64 of a time interval 62a-c, that is to say greater than half of the duration 64 of a time interval 62a-c.
  • the duration 64 of the time intervals 62a-c is variable in the present case. It depends on the expected half-width 60.
  • the expected half-width 60 in turn depends on the current speed of the flow 49 of the exhaust gas 48 in the spot 22 and thus on the expected possible residence time of a particle 12 in the spot 22.
  • the speed of the flow 49 of the exhaust gas 48 in the inner protective tube 46 can in turn be used in the application example of an internal combustion engine described here using the current one
  • Operating state of the internal combustion engine can be determined or at least estimated, for example on the basis of a current speed and a current torque and on the basis of the geometry of the outer protective tube 44 and the inner protective tube 46.
  • Half-width 60 and thus the duration 64 is rather small ( Figure 6).
  • the measurement signal 58 is always evaluated only within a time interval 62a-c. During the evaluation, for example, an integral of the measurement signal 58 is formed within the respective time interval 62a-c, that is to say the area below the measurement signal 58 is calculated within the limits of the respective time interval 62a-c. This integral (“integral value”) is therefore an off the size that characterizes the temperature radiation 14. The integral value obtained for each time interval 62a-c is then replaced by a
  • a particle 12 is considered to be detected when the
  • Integral value reaches or exceeds the limit.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 An alternative type of evaluation is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. There are no overlapping, but successive and immediately adjacent time intervals 62a-c are used. Again, the measurement signal 58 is evaluated by forming the integral under the measurement signal 58 within each time interval 62a-c. A particle 12 is considered to be detected if it is immediately within at least two
  • the limit value upon reaching or exceeding which indicates the presence of a particle 12, may depend on an expected background signal (noise).
  • FIGS. 5-8 concerned an embodiment in which the detector 26 comprises, for example, a photodiode 26.1 which provides a continuous measurement signal 58.
  • the detector 26 comprises, for example, a photodiode 26.1 which provides a continuous measurement signal 58.
  • the detector 26 it is also possible (FIG. 9) for the detector 26 to comprise an MPPC which provides a discontinuous measurement signal in the form of a number of individual photon pulses 58.
  • a particle 12 is considered to be detected when the number of individual photon pulses 58 counted within a time interval 62 reaches or exceeds a limit value.
  • the width of the time interval is adjusted depending on the speed of the fluid.
  • a laser light 10 emanating from the laser 18 is bundled into the spot 22 in a block 70.
  • fluid namely the exhaust gas 48, which contains particles 12, is passed through the spot 22 by means of the flow 49 headed.
  • a block 74 the one emanating from the spot 22
  • Temperature radiation 14 detected by the detector 26 The duration 64 of the time intervals 62a-c is determined in a block 76, specifically depending on a speed of the flow 49 of the exhaust gas 48 provided in a block 78.
  • the detector 26 provides a measurement signal 58
  • the one below the measurement signal 58 is integrally formed in a block 82 in each time interval 62a-c (in the case of a continuous measurement signal 58), or the number of individual photon pulses 58 located within each time interval 62 is determined ( with a discontinuous measurement signal 58).
  • the ascertained integrals or ascertained numbers are compared in block 84 with a limit value. If the limit value is reached or exceeded, the detection of an article 12 is assumed in block 86. On the other hand, if the limit value is not reached, it is assumed in block 88 that no particle 12 has been detected. The method ends in a block 90.
  • the exhaust gas 48 is only one example of a possible measurement gas.
  • Sample gas can also be another gas or gas mixture.
  • the method can also be used for other scenarios and areas of application (e.g. with portable emission monitoring systems, measurement of indoor air quality,
  • thermal radiation can also be conducted by means of optical fibers.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de détection de particules ou d'aérosols dans un fluide qui s'écoule à l'aide du principe de l'incandescence induite par laser, comprenant les étapes suivantes : a. focalisation d'une lumière laser issue d'un laser en un point, b. guidage d'un fluide qui contient des particules ou aérosols à travers le point, c. détection d'un rayonnement thermique issu du point au moyen d'un détecteur, d. évaluation d'une grandeur caractérisant le rayonnement thermique, fournie par le détecteur, au sein d'intervalles temporels, la durée des intervalles temporels dépendant d'une vitesse du fluide.
EP19794140.4A 2018-12-13 2019-10-23 Procédé de détection de particules ou d'aérosols dans un fluide qui s'écoule, programme d'ordinateur et support de stockage électrique Withdrawn EP3894824A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018221700.9A DE102018221700A1 (de) 2018-12-13 2018-12-13 Verfahren zur Detektion von Partikeln oder Aerosol in einem strömenden Fluid, Computerprogramm sowie elektrisches Speichermedium
PCT/EP2019/078907 WO2020119990A1 (fr) 2018-12-13 2019-10-23 Procédé de détection de particules ou d'aérosols dans un fluide qui s'écoule, programme d'ordinateur et support de stockage électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3894824A1 true EP3894824A1 (fr) 2021-10-20

Family

ID=68342926

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19794140.4A Withdrawn EP3894824A1 (fr) 2018-12-13 2019-10-23 Procédé de détection de particules ou d'aérosols dans un fluide qui s'écoule, programme d'ordinateur et support de stockage électrique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20220026338A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3894824A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20210098471A (fr)
CN (1) CN113167682A (fr)
DE (1) DE102018221700A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020119990A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220091017A1 (en) * 2020-09-22 2022-03-24 Becton, Dickinson And Company Methods for continuous measurement of baseline noise in a flow cytometer and systems for same
DE102020213731A1 (de) * 2020-11-02 2022-05-05 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Sensors zur Detektion von Teilchen in einem Messgas

Family Cites Families (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6122054A (en) * 1996-11-04 2000-09-19 Certainteed Corporation Device for measuring the concentration of airborne fibers
CA2272255C (fr) * 1998-05-22 2005-05-10 David R. Snelling Mesures absolues de l'intensite lumineuse dans une incandescence excitee par laser
KR100996304B1 (ko) * 2002-07-19 2010-11-23 콜롬비안케미컬스컴파니 레이저-유도 백열법을 사용하여 입자 표면적을 측정하기위한 카본 블랙 샘플링 및 그것을 기반으로 한 반응기공정 제어
WO2009117033A2 (fr) * 2007-12-19 2009-09-24 Singulex, Inc. Analyseur à balayage permettant la détection de molécule unique et procédés d’utilisation
GB2459452A (en) * 2008-04-22 2009-10-28 Rolls Royce Plc Continuous wave laser induced incandescence detector
EP2312296A1 (fr) * 2009-10-15 2011-04-20 Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Saint Etienne Dispositif de diagnostic optique d'un flux de particules à haute vitesse
EP2333515A1 (fr) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-15 Bayer Technology Services GmbH Moyen de détection de particules luminescentes et/ou diffusant de la lumière dans des liquides s'écoulant
US20110228257A1 (en) * 2010-03-17 2011-09-22 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Alabama Hollow core fiber laser induced incandescence
GB2494895B (en) * 2011-09-22 2014-11-26 Rolls Royce Plc A fluid management apparatus and method
US20140026538A1 (en) * 2012-07-25 2014-01-30 JATechnologies, LLC Turbo charger pre-spooler
US9677990B2 (en) * 2014-04-30 2017-06-13 Particles Plus, Inc. Particle counter with advanced features
DE102015207289A1 (de) * 2015-04-22 2016-10-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Partikelsensorvorrichtung
PL3308136T3 (pl) * 2015-06-12 2022-04-11 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Czujnik optyczny cząstek i sposób wykrywania
CN107850527A (zh) * 2015-07-30 2018-03-27 皇家飞利浦有限公司 用于颗粒密度检测的激光传感器
WO2017017282A1 (fr) * 2015-07-30 2017-02-02 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Capteur laser pour détection de taille de particules
CN106556559A (zh) * 2015-09-29 2017-04-05 东莞前沿技术研究院 一种云/气溶胶的监测方法、装置和系统
CN108603825B (zh) * 2016-01-25 2021-10-08 普莱尔股份公司 用于对单独流体承载颗粒进行检测和/或形态分析的方法和设备
RU2018136883A (ru) * 2016-03-21 2020-04-22 Конинклейке Филипс Н.В. Лазерный датчик для обнаружения размеров ультратонкодисперсных частиц
KR102696308B1 (ko) * 2017-03-01 2024-08-16 아우스터, 인크. 라이더를 위한 정확한 광검출기 측정
DE102017207402A1 (de) * 2017-05-03 2018-11-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Optischer Rußpartikelsensor für Kraftfahrzeuge
US10627331B2 (en) * 2017-12-29 2020-04-21 ChandlerTec Inc. Optical flow cytometry system
US10444137B2 (en) * 2018-01-23 2019-10-15 Cbrn International, Ltd. Bioaerosol detector having safeguards
US11525841B2 (en) * 2018-04-19 2022-12-13 Honeywell International Inc. System and method for deriving airspeed from a particle sensor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113167682A (zh) 2021-07-23
WO2020119990A1 (fr) 2020-06-18
KR20210098471A (ko) 2021-08-10
US20220026338A1 (en) 2022-01-27
DE102018221700A1 (de) 2020-06-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3877751B1 (fr) Capteur pour la detection de particule ou d'aerosols dans un fluide coulant utilisant l'incandescance induite par laser
DE10124235B4 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur umfassenden Charakterisierung und Kontrolle des Abgases und der Regelung von Motoren, speziell von Verbrennungsmotoren, und von Komponenten der Abgasnachbehandlung
EP3619522A1 (fr) Capteur de particules de suie optique pour véhicules à moteur
DE19904691C2 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur simultanen In-situ-Bestimmung der Teilchengröße und Massenkonzentration von fluidgetragenen Partikeln
WO1998040673A1 (fr) Procede et dispositif pour l'analyse de la combustion et la surveillance d'une flamme dans une chambre de combustion
EP2287591A2 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de détermination de la concentration de NO2 dans des mélanges de gaz
EP3894824A1 (fr) Procédé de détection de particules ou d'aérosols dans un fluide qui s'écoule, programme d'ordinateur et support de stockage électrique
DE102012004977B3 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Messen eines Zielgases
EP3884262B1 (fr) Procédé pour faire fonctionner un capteur de particules
DE102017218084A1 (de) Partikelsensoreinheit mit einem optischen Partikelsensor
WO2019170393A1 (fr) Capteur de particules fonctionnant par incandescence induite par laser muni d'un ensemble confocal d'un point laser et d'un point de rayonnement thermique
DE102006010100B4 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur spektroskopischen Messung
EP3894831B1 (fr) Procédé de traitement du signal d'un capteur de particules fonctionnant selon le principe de l'incandescence induite par laser, système de traitement d'un tel signal, et capteur de particules
DE102018220154A1 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Partikelsensors
WO2020126194A1 (fr) Procédé pour faire fonctionner un dispositif de détection destiné à détecter des particules ou un aérosol, et dispositif de détection
AT500543A1 (de) Verfahren zur raschen spektroskopischen konzentrations-, temperatur- und druckmessung von gasförmigem wasser
WO2021244839A1 (fr) Capteur de nombre de particules
WO2019048321A2 (fr) Appareil de mesure permettant la détermination de matières en temps réel par mesure de la durée de vie de fluorescence dans le domaine fréquentiel
DE102018222619A1 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Verbrennungsanlage oder Brennkraftmaschine, sowie Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung einer Abgasgeschwindigkeit
DE102022202137A1 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Partikelsensors, sowie Datenverarbeitungsvorrichtung und Computerprogramm
DE102020211328A1 (de) Optischer Rußpartikelsensor
DE202014004129U1 (de) Gerät zur Zählung von in Gasen suspendierten Partikeln

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20210713

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20240117

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20240319