EP3891896A1 - Method for processing a stream of data in a receiver device - Google Patents
Method for processing a stream of data in a receiver deviceInfo
- Publication number
- EP3891896A1 EP3891896A1 EP19839349.8A EP19839349A EP3891896A1 EP 3891896 A1 EP3891896 A1 EP 3891896A1 EP 19839349 A EP19839349 A EP 19839349A EP 3891896 A1 EP3891896 A1 EP 3891896A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coding
- signal
- symbols
- transmission channel
- received
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 38
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007476 Maximum Likelihood Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
- H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
- H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
- H04L25/4904—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems using self-synchronising codes, e.g. split-phase codes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
- F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M5/00—Conversion of the form of the representation of individual digits
- H03M5/02—Conversion to or from representation by pulses
- H03M5/04—Conversion to or from representation by pulses the pulses having two levels
- H03M5/06—Code representation, e.g. transition, for a given bit cell depending only on the information in that bit cell
- H03M5/12—Biphase level code, e.g. split phase code, Manchester code; Biphase space or mark code, e.g. double frequency code
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
- H04L1/0046—Code rate detection or code type detection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
- H04L1/0059—Convolutional codes
- H04L1/006—Trellis-coded modulation
Definitions
- TITLE Method for processing a data stream in a receiving device
- the present invention relates to a method for processing a data stream in a receiving device.
- the data stream is coded by coding using a predefined group of symbols to code a unit of information, such as two-phase coding or Manchester-type coding.
- the invention also relates to a receiving device implementing the processing method according to the invention.
- the invention finds its application in particular in any communication system using Manchester type coding / decoding.
- the invention finds its application in the pyrotechnic field, in communications between one or more detonators and a control console, these communications being able to be of wired or wireless type.
- the electronic detonators and the control console communicate with each other, for example to exchange commands or messages relating to the programming, the diagnosis, and the firing of the electronic detonators.
- a type of coding often used by electronic detonators for the transmission of messages to the control console is two-phase or Manchester type coding.
- Manchester type coding / decoding is understood to be Manchester / Manchester type differential coding / decoding.
- Manchester type coding uses two symbols to code a bit or unit of information. In particular, it uses two different consecutive symbols, which can be two symbols with opposite polarities (+1 or -1 for example). For example, a first pair of symbols “-1, +1" is used to code a "1" and a second pair of symbols "+1, -1" is used to code a "0".
- Each symbol can represent a voltage level, a transition between a low voltage level and a high voltage level representing a "1" and a transition between a high voltage level and a low voltage level representing a "0".
- the signal representative of a coded data stream received by a transmitting device is thus formed by a sequence of symbols, each pair of symbols in the sequence representing a unit of information.
- an equalization is implemented in the receiver, before decoding, on the signal received in the decoder device.
- One type of equalization consists in reconstructing the flow of coded data received in the sense of maximum likelihood, that is to say by exploiting the interdependence of the data received and by maximizing likelihood.
- This type of equalization presents optimal performances but the complexity of implementation for data coded according to a coding using a predefined group of symbols such as the Manchester coding, is high.
- a trellis representing or modeling the transmission channel.
- a trellis comprises a set of nodes representing possible states of the signal transmitted via the transmission channel, the nodes being connected by branches or paths representing the possible transitions from one state to another. Each node has two inbound paths and two outbound paths.
- the equalized symbols are decoded in order to obtain information units or information bits. Decoding is thus carried out on a reconstructed data flow, the probabilities associated with each symbol being no longer available. There is thus a loss of information during decoding.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a method for processing a data stream in a receiving device making it possible to improve the performance of the reconstruction of the information received while reducing the complexity of the processing.
- the invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a method of processing, in a receiving device, a signal representative of a stream of coded data from a train of information units according to a coding using a predefined group of symbols to code each train information unit, the method comprising:
- a combined equalization and decoding step applied to said received signal, using a trellis representing the transmission channel and the coding used, the trellis comprising a number of nodes representing states of the transmission channel, said states of the transmission channel taking into account said coding used.
- both equalization and decoding steps are carried out by means of the trellis, this trellis representing the communication channel and the coding used for the transmission of the signal.
- the likelihoods (or probabilities) associated with each symbol so as to be able to recombine successive symbols forming a group of symbols possible according to the coding used, or group of symbols which can code, according to the coding used, a unit or bit of information.
- the gain in efficiency and performance is obtained without making the processing more complex since only the possible states of the signal according to the coding used are taken into account in the trellis representing the communication channel.
- the nodes of the trellis represent possible states of the received signal.
- the signal is formed by a sequence of symbols comprising predefined groups of symbols, each predefined group of symbols coding a bit or unit of information.
- the trellis nodes or channel states corresponding only to the possible states according to the coding used the number of possible signal states is reduced compared to a trellis representing a communication channel of the same length and used for equalization in which the coding used is not taken into account.
- the train of information units is coded in two-phase coding to form the coded data stream.
- the predefined group of symbols comprises two different symbols of opposite polarity, each bit or unit of information being coded by two symbols.
- the symbols represent for example a voltage level with opposite polarities respectively.
- the number of nodes is for example equal to the number of possible states of the transmission channel according to the coding used.
- M 2 for the Manchester coding where the symbols used are ⁇ -1; 1 ⁇ .
- Nst 2L L / 2 J.
- the number of nodes is therefore much lower and suddenly the complexity of the receiver is reduced.
- the number of trellis nodes or possible signal states is a function of the length of the transmission channel and the number of symbols used when coding the train of information units.
- the communication channel has a length L where L is an integer being greater than or equal to the unit.
- L is an integer being greater than or equal to the unit.
- the communication channel has a length (L) of four.
- the number of symbols used is two.
- the structure of the two-phase coding provides that the symbols are transmitted by pairs of symbols of opposite polarity.
- the possible predefined groups are formed by the sequence of symbols -1, +1 or the sequence of symbols +1, -1.
- the communication channel has a length L of four
- the number of possible states of the communication channel or the number of nodes of the trellis is four.
- the number of states of the communication channel is 4, whereas it would be 16 when processing methods of the prior art are implemented artwork.
- the equalization step implements the Viterbi algorithm.
- the equalization step includes a step of determining a cumulative metric at each node of the trellis.
- the equalization step comprises a step of association of an initial metric corresponding to each node of the trellis at an instant of time, the metrics representing the likelihood of the predefined groups of symbols received with respect to the predefined groups of symbols possible depending on the coding used.
- This association of an initial metric allows the association of the initial metrics with each possible channel state according to the coding used.
- the initial state of the communication channel is defined by the symbol sequence [-1 -1 -1 -1], this state not containing predefined groups of possible symbols according to the two-phase coding.
- association thus makes it possible to associate metrics with each of the possible states according to the two-phase coding, these states being respectively formed by the following symbol sequences: [-1 +1 -1 +1], [-1 +1 + 1 -1], [+1 -1 -1 +1] and [+1 -1 +1 -1 -1]
- the present invention relates, according to a second aspect, to a receiving device comprising:
- the present invention relates, according to a third aspect, to a control unit configured to establish communications with electronic detonators, the control unit comprising a receiver device according to the invention implementing the method for processing a signal representative of a coded data stream according to the invention.
- the present invention relates according to a fourth aspect a system for firing at least one electronic detonator comprising at least one control unit according to the invention and at least one electronic detonator connected to said control unit.
- said at least one electronic detonator and the control unit can be connected via wired or wireless communication means.
- the receiving device, the control unit and the firing system of at least one electronic detonator have characteristics and advantages similar to those described above in relation to the treatment method.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a transmitter and a receiver implementing the processing method according to the invention
- FIG. 2 illustrates a diagram representing steps of the processing method according to one embodiment
- FIG. 3 shows an example of a signal representing a data stream coded according to the two-phase coding
- FIG. 4 shows an example of a trellis used during the implementation of the treatment method according to one embodiment.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an electronic detonator 1 and a control unit or control console 2.
- the electronic detonator 1 is a transmitting device transmitting messages or commands to the control console 2 which constitutes a receiving device.
- the processing method in accordance with the invention is implemented in the receiving device 2. Steps of the method are illustrated in FIG. 2.
- the treatment method according to the invention will be described with reference to a firing system comprising at least one electronic detonator 1 and a control console 2.
- the treatment method can be implemented by any other device receiver implementing a decoding using a group of symbols, such as two-phase coding or Manchester type coding.
- the coding used to form the coded data stream is two-phase or Manchester coding.
- the group of symbols encoding an information bit has two symbols.
- the electronic detonator 1 and the control console 2 communicate with each other through a transmission channel or communication channel 3.
- the communication channel 3 can be of the wired type, the communications being governed for example according to Ethernet standards such as 10Base-T, 10Base5 or 10Base-2.
- the communication channel 3 can also be of the wireless type, the transmitting device and the receiving device being for example connected according to a short distance radio link.
- the electronic detonator 1 or transmitting device comprises a cyclic redundancy check module or CRC (“Cyclic Redundancy Check”) 10.
- This CRC module 10 adds (for example by concatenation) to the train of units d information or bit stream to be sent to the receiving device 2, control codes or CRC codes making it possible to be able to check on reception the integrity of the bit bit received in the receiving device 2
- the electronic detonator 1 further comprises a synchronization module 11, a coding module 12 and a modulation module 13.
- the bit stream to be transmitted is processed sequentially by the modules mentioned above to form a lemis signal representing a stream of data coded according to a coding such as Manchester type coding.
- the synchronization module 11 adds a synchronization preamble to the binary train to be transmitted in order to be able to correctly reconstruct the binary train in the receiving device 2.
- the coding module 12 codes the bit stream leaving the synchronization module 11 according to a given coding.
- a widely used coding is Manchester coding. This coding, well known to those skilled in the art, will be described with reference to FIG. 3.
- this module implements a load modulation.
- This type of modulation varies, for example, a resistive load in an electronic circuit so as to generate, or not, a current on the line connecting the electronic detonator and the control console so as to generate the signal lemis to be emitted.
- control console 2 comprises means for receiving the signals (not shown), a sampling module 20 and a synchronization module 21 known to those skilled in the art.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a diagram representing steps of the processing method implemented by the control console 2.
- the received signal I received is sampled at a sampling step E1 and synchronized with a synchronization step E2.
- the received signal Ireece once sampled and synchronized, is sent to an equalization module 22.
- the equalization module 22 implements, in a combined manner, in an equalization step E3, the equalization and the decoding of the signal received Received to obtain the bit stream in the decoded data stream without interference between symbols.
- a cyclic redundancy control module 23 checks the coded word to ensure the integrity of the data received.
- the receiving device 2 further comprises means 24 for estimating the communication channel 3 configured to obtain the impulse response from the communication channel 3 through which the signal is transmitted. This impulse response is used when equalizing the received signal. Note that the channel E10 estimate is implemented prior to E3 equalization.
- one type of coding used by the coding module 12 in the transmitting device 1 is Manchester coding.
- This type of coding is widely used because it is simple to implement and signals thus coded are resistant to loss of synchronization and to interference.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a signal 40 representing a data stream coded according to the Manchester coding.
- FIG. 3 also represents a clock signal 42 allowing synchronization between the sending device 1 and the receiving device 2.
- Manchester type coding or two-phase coding is synchronous type coding, that is to say that, in addition to the data to be transmitted via a communication channel 3, the signals generated contain a synchronization clock signal which is necessary for decoding data on reception.
- the coding module 12 of the transmitting device 1 generates a signal representative of a coded data stream 40 from a train of information units or binary train 41.
- the coding of the units or bits of information is implemented by a signal transition.
- the coding of a "1" is implemented by a transition of the signal from a high level to a low level, and the coding of a "0" by a transition from a low level to a high level.
- the coding module 12 in the transmitting device 1 is configured so that when the information bit to be coded is a "1", the signal generated 40 comprises a high level followed by a low level, that is to say say that a transition descending is generated. When the information bit to be coded is a "0", the generated signal 40 comprises a low level followed by a high level, that is to say that an uplink transition is generated.
- the start of the frame to be processed is obtained at the synchronization module 21, from the received coded data stream and addressed to the equalization module 22 in order to be used for decoding the received coded data stream .
- the synchronization module 21 is also configured to estimate the clock rhythm or frequency used on the transmitter side and to implement a sampling of the signal at the estimated clock rhythm or frequency.
- the equalization module 22 receives the impulse response from the communication channel 3 coming from the estimation means 24 of the communication channel, and the coded data stream sampled and synchronized, it implements the equalization and the decoding E3 of the coded data stream.
- the equalization is implemented in the sense of maximum likelihood. This type of equalization is known to those skilled in the art and will not be described here. This type of equalization achieves optimal performance results.
- the equalization can be implemented according to the Viterbi algorithm, also well known to those skilled in the art.
- This algorithm has very good equalization performance but requires that the communication channel be estimated.
- the communication channel is modeled by a finite impulse response filter.
- the signal received at the receiving device 2 can be written as follows:
- y (k) represents the k-th sample of the received signal, s (k) being the k-th symbol emitted and b (k) the white Gaussian additive noise of zero mean and variance s 2 .
- the impulse response of the channel being of length L, the signal has a memory of depth L
- y (k) depends on the symbols s (k-L + 1), s (k-L + 2), ..., s (k) and the following sample, y (k + 1), depends on the symbols s (k-L + 2), s (k-L + 3), ..., s (k + 1).
- These two symbol sequences contain L-1 common symbols and there are therefore only two possibilities to go from the first sequence to the second (the modulated symbols can only take two values, namely +1 or -1).
- the Viterbi algorithm uses a trellis to implement the equalization of the data flow.
- FIG. 4 represents an example of a trellis 100 which can be used by the equalization module 22 to implement the equalization step of the treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the equalization module 22 thus constructs a trellis 100 representing the communication channel 3.
- the trellis represents the state of the channel representative of the coded data stream received at different times k.
- the trellis 100 comprises a set of nodes 101, each node 101 representing a state of the channel at a given time.
- a first node 1011 represents a first state
- a second node 1012 represents a second state
- a third node 1013 represents a third state
- a fourth node 1014 represents a fourth state.
- the communication channel 3 is considered to have a length L of 4.
- each sample of the received signal is actually a combination of 4 consecutive samples of the transmitted signal.
- the purpose of equalization is then to recombine this signal so as to distinguish each sample from the signal emitted.
- the decoding is implemented once the signal has been equalized, the number of channel states represented by a trellis would be M L.
- M is equal to 2 because 2 levels are used for coding, therefore the number of states is equal to 16.
- the trellis incorporates Manchester coding in order to be able to jointly implement equalization and decoding.
- the symbols are always transmitted in pairs and are in phase opposition. Thus, when a logical "0" is transmitted, the symbols [+1 -1] are transmitted and for a "1" the symbols [-1 +1] are transmitted. Thus for a state of the channel ⁇ 0 1 ⁇ the symbols [+1 - 1 -1 +1] are transmitted.
- the number of channel states and therefore the number of trellis nodes is reduced.
- the implementation complexity of the algorithm used for equalization such as the Viterbi algorithm, is reduced.
- Each node 101 of the trellis has two incoming paths 102a and two associated outgoing paths 103a.
- the incoming paths 102a and the outgoing paths 103a have been referenced for a single node 101.
- the metric accumulated at each node 101 of the trellis is determined.
- the metric of a state (node) corresponding to the information bit k depends on the cumulative metric of the state of the channel at the previous node, as well as the corresponding observation metric. This can be expressed using the following formula:
- the path for which the cumulative metric D (k) is the lowest is the path selected. These operations are repeated over time for each state of the channel or node 101.
- an initial metric is associated with each node of the trellis at an instant of time.
- the initial state of the communication channel is defined by the symbol sequence [-1 -1 -1 -1].
- This report does not contain predefined groups of symbols possible according to two-phase coding.
- the initialization of the communication channel 3 can be implemented according to the following formulas:
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
- Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1872208A FR3089371B1 (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2018-12-03 | Process for processing a data stream in a receiving device |
PCT/FR2019/052902 WO2020115423A1 (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Method for processing a stream of data in a receiver device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3891896A1 true EP3891896A1 (en) | 2021-10-13 |
Family
ID=66690467
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19839349.8A Withdrawn EP3891896A1 (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Method for processing a stream of data in a receiver device |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220045886A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3891896A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2019394821A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112021010821A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3122121A1 (en) |
CL (1) | CL2021001444A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3089371B1 (en) |
PE (1) | PE20211941A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020115423A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5031195A (en) * | 1989-06-05 | 1991-07-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Fully adaptive modem receiver using whitening matched filtering |
US5263033A (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1993-11-16 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Joint data and channel estimation using fast blind trellis search |
US6327317B1 (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-12-04 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Combined equalization and decoding techniques |
US6934102B2 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2005-08-23 | Stmicroeletronics S.R.L. | Encoding and decoding process and corresponding data detector |
US7376181B2 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2008-05-20 | Micronas Semiconductors, Inc. | Transposed structure for a decision feedback equalizer combined with a trellis decoder |
US20050018786A1 (en) * | 2003-07-21 | 2005-01-27 | Parhi Keshab K. | Interleaved trellis coded modulation and decoding |
US7848396B1 (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2010-12-07 | Marvell International Ltd. | Methods, algorithms, software, circuits, receivers, and systems for increasing bandwidth and/or recording density in data communication and data storage systems |
US7680180B2 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2010-03-16 | Yuwei Zhang | Decision feedback equalization with composite trellis slicer |
-
2018
- 2018-12-03 FR FR1872208A patent/FR3089371B1/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-12-03 WO PCT/FR2019/052902 patent/WO2020115423A1/en unknown
- 2019-12-03 AU AU2019394821A patent/AU2019394821A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2019-12-03 BR BR112021010821-1A patent/BR112021010821A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-12-03 CA CA3122121A patent/CA3122121A1/en active Pending
- 2019-12-03 PE PE2021000820A patent/PE20211941A1/en unknown
- 2019-12-03 EP EP19839349.8A patent/EP3891896A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-12-03 US US17/299,228 patent/US20220045886A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2021
- 2021-06-02 CL CL2021001444A patent/CL2021001444A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3089371A1 (en) | 2020-06-05 |
AU2019394821A1 (en) | 2021-07-22 |
CA3122121A1 (en) | 2020-06-11 |
CL2021001444A1 (en) | 2021-12-10 |
FR3089371B1 (en) | 2021-08-13 |
WO2020115423A1 (en) | 2020-06-11 |
BR112021010821A2 (en) | 2021-08-24 |
PE20211941A1 (en) | 2021-09-29 |
US20220045886A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 |
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