EP3880384A1

EP3880384A1 - Device and method for the cold-forming shaping of workpieces

Info

Publication number: EP3880384A1
Application number: EP19808713.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Daniel Dériaz; Ekrem Kapkin; Jan Schmid
Original assignee: Ernst Grob AG
Current assignee: Ernst Grob AG
Priority date: 2018-11-15
Filing date: 2019-11-14
Publication date: 2021-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-14
Also published as: CN113015585B; MX2021005743A; TW202106410A; EP3880384B1; JP7373567B2; TWI820243B; CN113015585A; KR20210091694A; BR112021005864A2; WO2020099536A1; CH714772A1; US20210394250A1; JP2022509778A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and to a device for producing a shaped body with shaping by cold-forming a workpiece (1), the workpiece having a longitudinal axis (Z) and an outer surface (11a), for example a cylindrical outer surface, which extends along the longitudinal axis (Z) in a working area (11), and to which the shaping (P) is applied. The workpiece (1) carries out a rotational movement (R1) about the longitudinal axis (Z) and is worked by a tool (2) in multiple forming actions, during each of which an operative part (21) of the tool (2) comes into contact with the working area (11). The tool (2) is held by a tool holder (5), and the tool holder (5) is rotationally mounted in a rotating member (8) about an axis of rotation (W) and is driven to perform a rotary movement (R5) about its axis of rotation (W), and is driven by the rotating member (8) to perform a rotating movement (R8). The rotational movement (R1) of the workpiece (1) is synchronized with the rotating movement (R8) of the tool holder (5), and the rotary movement (R5) of the tool holder (5) is synchronized with the rotating movement (R8) of the tool holder (5).

Description

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR COLD FORMING

BENEFIT FROM WORKPIECES

The invention relates to the field of generating profiles, in particular by cold forming, for example in rotationally symmetrical solid or hollow parts. It relates to devices and methods according to the

Generic terms of the claims.

Various methods are known from the prior art for profiling solid or hollow parts by cold forming.

It is known, for example, to provide hollow parts with a profiling in a single step, by shaping into unprofiled sheet metal part by a device which has a plurality of tools distributed over a circumference and which, when the sheet metal part is inserted into the device, wherever To create profile gaps, intervene in the sheet metal part. A corresponding method for producing an internally and / or externally toothed pot-shaped sheet metal part with teeth running to the axis of the pot center is known for example from DE 102014002971 A1.

A disadvantage of such methods is that they are very inflexible because, for example, a change in the profile gap shape requires all tools to be replaced makes and a change to the processing of sheet metal parts with a different diameter requires the creation of a new, appropriately adapted device.

In other cold forming processes, workpieces for generating a profile are periodically hammered by rotating tools, as is known for example from WO 2005/075125 A1. This procedure is very flexible in use because a change to other products or changed

Product specifications are possible with very little effort. On the other hand, it is possible to continue profiling up to a shoulder projecting radially outwards with the method known from WO 2005/075125 A1 because of the

Orbital movement of the tools is not possible.

A method which allows profiling in a workpiece to be produced close to an outwardly projecting shoulder of the workpiece is known, for example, from WO 2007/009267 A1. In the method described there, a cylindrical thin-walled hollow part, which sits on an externally profiled dome, is cold-formed with a profile that runs essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hollow part by abruptly hammering radially to the longitudinal axis of the hollow part from the outside at least one profiling tool for action brought. In this case, the profiling tool is made to oscillate in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, that is to say by a radial, linear back and forth movement on the surface of the hollow part. And the profiling tool is axially displaced relative to the hollow part with a constant radial infeed depth until the desired profile length is reached, wherein the machining of the hollow part can be started on an outwardly projecting shoulder of the hollow part.

In the case of particularly high demands on the surface quality, it may be necessary that a subsequent to the method according to WO 2007/009267 Al

Post-processing of the hollow part is to be carried out because the hollow part

The profiling tool is only machined in a short axial section during each intervention, which may have a low, scale-like roughness. It is an object of the invention to produce a method using a

To provide profiled profile body and corresponding devices that do not have the disadvantages mentioned above.

For example, it should be possible to change the method or the device for the production of other products or for the implementation

Easy and inexpensive to convert product specifications.

Another possible object of the invention is to enable profiling with a particularly high surface quality.

Another possible object of the invention is to enable profiling with particularly high productivity.

Another possible object of the invention is to enable profiling close to a workpiece projection, for example close to an outwardly projecting shoulder of the workpiece to be profiled.

Another possible object of the invention is to enable profiling between two profiling limitation structures and up to close to them.

At least one of these tasks can be described by below

Devices and / or methods are solved.

In the method, a tool holder, and with it a tool that is held by the tool holder, is driven to a complex movement, which has at least two components, namely a rotating movement, for example along an orbit, similar to a planet, and one

Rotation around its own axis. These two movements are synchronized with each other. The rotating movement can be a periodic movement. A corresponding drive device can be provided to generate the rotary movement. Due to the circumferential movement, the tool holder and thus also the tool can be brought periodically to a workpiece to be machined and act on it and then move away from the workpiece again in order to then sew it on again, etc. For example, the tool can be operated once per revolution (or also in every second or every third revolution) are brought into reshaping engagement with the workpiece.

Due to the rotary movement around its own axis together with the rotating movement, the tool can carry out a tool movement on the workpiece, which includes a rolling movement. The tool can therefore have an effective area which performs an at least partially rolling movement in a machining area of the workpiece. The tool movement can have a rolling and a sliding movement component.

Intervention of the tool in the workpiece can therefore take place periodically (because of the rotating movement), and within this period in which the tool (more precisely: the effective range of the tool) is in contact with the workpiece, the tool rotates the axis of rotation of the tool holder, so that (during the period mentioned) a movement of the tool

(Tool movement) takes place on the workpiece. In this way, during a reshaping procedure, different points of the effective area come into contact with different points of the machining area one after the other. This, for example, in contrast to hammering machining, as are known, for example, from the aforementioned WO 2005/075125 A1 and WO 2007/009267 A1, where there is virtually only momentary contact between the tool and the workpiece, and where the tool intervenes in the workpiece is the whole at the same time

Effective area of the tool comes into contact with the workpiece.

As a result, a high surface quality can be achieved since the workpiece can be produced along a large part of the axial to be produced during a single intervention

Profile extension is editable. In particular, machining of the workpiece can be carried out essentially along the entire extent of the axial profiling to be generated. Accordingly, post-processing, as may be necessary in the case of the method according to WO 2007/009267 A1 with particularly high demands on the surface quality, can be avoided because the processing is not composed of a large number of individual processing steps shifted axially relative to one another along the axial

Profiles that only overlap each other to a small extent. It is also due to the much smaller number of executables

Tool interventions, higher productivity achievable.

And the rotary movement around its own axis together with the synchronization mentioned can cause the tool to be brought into engagement with the workpiece in a desired or predetermined azimuthal orientation, for example always in the same azimuthal orientation or more precisely:

always in the same azimuthal range. Due to the mentioned rotary movement, the azimuthal orientation of the tool changes during each intervention (mediated by the tool holder); The azimuthal orientation changes over the duration of the intervention, for example in the same way with each intervention of the tool.

For example, the rotary movement of the tool holder can be synchronized with the circumferential movement of the tool holder in such a way that the tool runs through the same azimuthal orientations with each of the reshaping operations.

The terms azimuth and azimuthal in the present text refer to the axis of rotation of the tool holder, unless stated otherwise.

The synchronization enables a useful use of a tool that has a non-rotationally symmetrical shape (with respect to the mentioned axis of rotation if the tool is held in the tool holder). In particular, a tool can be used that has an effective range that extends only over an azimuthal sector. The tool can thus be a sectoral tool. For example in contrast to the rotationally symmetrical tools known from the aforementioned WO 2005/075125 A1.

For example, the tool can then end at the effective area or be set back in relation to the effective area in a radial direction (with respect to the mentioned axis of rotation). As a result, there can be a free area which extends over an azimuthal area adjoining the effective area.

Such a sectoral tool can be suitable for creating profiles close to a workpiece projection. This is in contrast to the rotationally symmetrical tools known from WO 2005/075125 A1, in which the effective range extends over the entire circumference and which, moreover, do not perform any defined, let alone synchronized, rotary movement. The tool presented here can have an effective range which (with respect to the

Axis of rotation) has a non-rotationally symmetrical shape.

Due to the self-rotation of the tool holder about its axis of rotation, after the intervention has taken place, a free area adjoining the effective area can be turned toward the workpiece, in which a workpiece protrusion, for example a

Workpiece shoulder can find space, so that a deformation of the workpiece projection by the sector tool can be avoided.

With each intervention, the tool can thus deform the workpiece in an at least partially rolling manner, as described, until an (azimuthal) end of the effective range is reached, and then rotate further about the axis of rotation in order to find space for the workpiece projection in the free area mentioned (without the workpiece projection coming into contact with the tool).

The rotary movement can, for example, during the entire revolution or

take place continuously. This can ensure good synchronizability of the

Rotational movement of the tool holder can be achieved with the rotating movement of the tool holder. For example, the synchronization of the two movements can be implemented mechanically. So there can be a mechanical one for this synchronization

Synchronization device may be provided. However, the movements mentioned can also be synchronized with one another differently, for example electronically, that is to say by an electronic synchronization device.

In some exemplary embodiments, said synchronization device, also referred to below as the second synchronization device, has

Planetary gear on. For example, it can have a ring gear and a planet gear running in the ring gear, wherein the planet gear can represent part of the tool holder or is at least firmly connected to the tool holder or rotates with the rotational movement of the tool holder about the axis of rotation, and also takes part in the aforementioned rotational movement . The axis of the planet gear can be coaxial with the axis of rotation.

The planetary gear, on the other hand, can also be the tool holder

Drive rotation around its axis of rotation. The one already mentioned above

A drive device for generating the rotary movement of the tool holder about its axis of rotation of the tool holder can thus have a planetary gear.

Thus, a planetary gear can be provided which simultaneously produces the rotary movement of the tool holder about its axis of rotation and synchronizes this rotary movement with the rotating movement of the tool holder.

The above-mentioned, for example planetary, orbital movement can be imparted to the tool holder by a circulating body. The tool holder can in the

Be revolving body, in particular be rotatably mounted about its axis of rotation.

The revolving body can, for example, perform a rotation about a revolving body axis, and the axis of rotation of the tool holder is spaced from the revolving body axis, so that the axis of rotation executes a revolving movement essentially along a circular path. This rotating movement can, if the aforementioned planetary gear is provided, generate the rotary movement of the workpiece holder, mediated by the

Planetary gear. For this purpose, the axis of the rotating body can be aligned coaxially with an axis of the ring gear. Accordingly, the one already mentioned above

Drive device for generating the rotational movement of the tool holder about its axis of rotation, ie the revolving body and a planetary gear. Likewise, a drive shaft for driving the revolving body to rotate about its revolving body axis can belong to the drive device mentioned.

A drive shaft for driving the rotating body to rotate about its rotating body axis can, in addition to the rotating body, also to one

Drive device for generating a movement of the rotating body belong.

Furthermore, a radial infeed of the tool or the tool holder - perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the workpiece or of a workpiece holder holding the workpiece - can be provided, so that an ever deeper engagement of the tool in the workpiece is made possible in the course of machining. The tool can be fed radially until a desired profile depth is reached.

For example, the radial infeed can be realized in that the

Orbital body or in particular a revolving body axis of the revolving body is moved towards the longitudinal axis, that is to say is fed radially in this sense.

For example, the revolving body can be mounted in a profiling head, in particular can be rotatably mounted in the profiling head about its revolving body axis, and the profiling head can be driven to move towards the longitudinal axis. Correspondingly, the rotating body, while rotating about its rotating body axis, can be moved towards the longitudinal axis by means of a drive for the radial infeed. And the revolving body axis can be moved accordingly towards the longitudinal axis.

As a result, the described complex movement of the tool can have yet another component, namely the movement described radially to the longitudinal axis (infeed movement). The axis of rotation of the tool stop can be corresponding perform a movement that results from a circular movement that is overlaid with a linear movement of the center of the circle, in particular, wherein the linear movement takes place in a plane that is defined by the circular movement.

Furthermore, a rotational movement of the workpiece or the workpiece holder about the longitudinal axis can be provided, for example generated by means of a corresponding drive device, for example by means of a torque motor, so that the workpiece can be machined by the tool at various positions distributed over the circumference of the workpiece. Different profile gaps of the profile to be generated can be generated by means of the tool. As will be explained further below, several tools can be provided, so that a single tool (or each of the tools) does not necessarily contribute to the formation of all profile gaps in the profiling. Nevertheless, it can be provided that the tool engages with the workpiece at any position along the circumference of the workpiece, at which a test gap of the profiling is to be generated, and thus contributes to the formation of all profile gaps in the profiling.

Said rotational movement can have a varying, in particular an at least sectionally periodically varying rotational speed. The mentioned rotational movement can be an intermittent rotation, for example.

It can be provided that the rotational speed of the rotational movement of the workpiece or the workpiece holder has successive phases of relatively higher rotational speeds and relatively lower rotational speeds.

The machining of the workpiece by the tool can in particular take place during phases of relatively lower rotational speeds. The slower the workpiece rotates during the engagement of the tool or the longer that

Workpiece rotates slowly or stands still in the phases of relatively lower rotational speed, the better the high precision of the profiling ultimately created. For example, it can be provided that the tool processes the workpiece in those phases of the rotational movement in which the workpiece is stationary. For example, it can be provided that the tool processes the workpiece in phases of the rotational stoppage of an intermittent rotation of the workpiece (rotational stoppage has the rotational speed zero).

The rotational movement of the workpiece holder can be synchronized with the rotating movement of the tool holder. This can ensure that the machining of the workpiece always takes place at the same positions along the circumference of the workpiece.

For example, one can also be the first one accordingly

Synchronization device designated synchronization device

electronic synchronization device.

In the exemplary embodiment described above with planetary gear and rotating body, the first synchronization device can, for example, synchronize the drive for rotating the workpiece or workpiece holder with the drive shaft for driving the rotating body to rotate about its rotating body axis.

In particular, the method can thus be a method for producing a profiled body provided with a profile by cold forming a workpiece, the workpiece having a longitudinal axis and one in a machining area

Can have outer surface into which the profiling is to be introduced. The

The outer surface can extend along the longitudinal axis. In particular, the outer surface can be concentric with the longitudinal axis, for example be conical or cylindrical. However, other shapes of the outer surface, for example polygonal ones, for example in the case of prismatic machining areas, are also possible.

The workpiece performs a rotational movement about the longitudinal axis. And the workpiece, in particular the named outer surface, is machined by a tool in a plurality of reshaping interventions carried out in succession, in each of which an effective area of the tool comes into contact with the machining area. The corresponding tool movement has already been described above.

The tool is held by a tool holder, and the tool holder is rotatably mounted in a circulating body about an axis of rotation of the tool holder and is driven to rotate about its axis of rotation. And the tool holder is driven by the rotating body in a rotating movement;

in particular, the tool holder is driven by the circulating body to move along an orbit.

It can also be provided

- That the rotational movement of the workpiece is synchronized with the rotating movement of the tool holder; and

- That the rotary movement of the tool holder is synchronized with the rotating movement of the tool holder.

In particular, it can be provided that the rotational movement of the workpiece is synchronized with the circumferential movement of the tool holder such that several of the reshaping interventions take place at different positions distributed over a circumference of the workpiece. When an external profile is created, the positions mentioned can be positions at which profile gaps in the profile must be created. If the process produces an internal profile of the workpiece, the positions can be those positions that lie between adjacent profile gaps of the internal profile to be created.

And in particular it can also be provided that the rotary movement of the

Tool holder with the rotating movement of the tool holder like this

It is synchronized that the tool runs through the same azimuthal orientations with each of the reshaping operations.

If the rotary movement of the tool holder is synchronized with the rotating movement of the tool holder so that azimuthal orientations that the If the tool passes through during the respective reshaping operation, in which each of the reshaping operations is identical, a profiling can be created, for example, which comes close to a profiling limitation structure, for example a workpiece projection.

The method can also be viewed as a method for profiling a workpiece and / or as a method for generating a profile in a workpiece.

The workpiece can be a hollow part, in particular a rotationally symmetrical, for example cylindrical, hollow part.

The workpiece can be a full part, in particular a rotationally symmetrical, for example cylindrical, full part.

The workpiece can be a metal workpiece.

The processing area can be an area into which the profiling is to be introduced, that is to say an area to be profiled. The machining area can be an axially delimited section of the workpiece, for example an end piece of a pipe or

rod-shaped workpiece.

The workpiece can have a second area adjoining the machining area. This second area can be adjacent to the

Machining area, have a profiling delimitation structure, for example a workpiece projection, which has at least in an (azimuthal) angle I area around the longitudinal axis a radial extent that is greater than a radial extent of the outer surface in the machining area where it adjoins the workpiece projection. The profile limitation structure can be a

Profiling obstacles, such as a workpiece shoulder.

A profiling boundary structure can end or limit the profiling. The outer surface can be in the machining area, for example

be rotationally symmetrical, for example cylindrical or also conical. The

However, the outer surface can also be designed differently, for example polygonal.

The profiling can be an external profiling. This can be created in a hollow part or in a full part. In the case of hollow parts, it is also possible, for example, that an outer and an inner profile are produced at the same time, for example if it is provided that the workpiece is seated on an externally profiled dome in its machining area. Furthermore, it is also possible for an internal toothing to be produced in a hollow part, without this also resulting in an additional one

External gearing is generated. It can also be provided that the workpiece is seated on an externally profiled dome in its machining area.

The profiling can have a large number of profile gaps (depressions of the workpiece in the machining area) which are distributed over the circumference, in particular, for example, are distributed uniformly over the circumference. The profile gaps can also be distributed unevenly over the circumference.

The circumferential movement of the tool holder can be a continuous movement and can in particular take place at a constant speed.

The rotary movement of the tool holder can be a continuous movement and can take place in particular at a constant rotational speed.

In particular, these two speeds can have a temporally constant relationship to one another.

The orbital movement can be a circular movement.

A trajectory (movement path), which describes the movement of the tool holder, can result from a superimposition of the circumferential movement with one of the

Longitudinal axis of vertical (radial) movement result. In some embodiments, the orbital body rotates about an orbital body axis. This allows the orbital movement of the

Tool holder are generated. The rotating movement of the tool holder can take place in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotating body.

The revolving body axis and the axis of rotation can be aligned parallel to one another.

The circumferential movement of the tool holder can take place in a plane to which the longitudinal axis is aligned in parallel.

The rotation of the circulating body can be a continuous movement and in particular can have a constant rotational speed. And the

Rotary movement of the tool holder can be a continuous movement and in particular can have a constant rotational speed. And these two speeds of rotation can have a temporally constant relationship to one another. These two rotational speeds can be synchronized, for example, by means of a planetary gear, as already described above.

The planetary gear can have a ring gear and a planet gear running in the ring gear. The planet gear can be part of the tool holder. And it can rotate with it. The position of the planet gear can be fixed relative to the position of the tool held on the tool holder.

The ring gear can be fixed in a profiling head in which the circulating body is mounted, in particular is rotatably mounted.

The profiling head can be a bearing housing for receiving or storing parts of the device. For example, in the profiling header

- The circulating body be mounted, in particular be rotatably mounted;

- A drive for the rotation of the circulating body can be mounted; and

- A ring gear can be fixed, if available. The profiling head can also be equipped with a drive, for example a

Linear drive, be operatively connected for radial infeed.

Two profiling heads can also be provided, each with at least one tool, for example with a first tool in a first profiling head and a second tool in a second profiling head. These can be arranged opposite one another with respect to the longitudinal axis, for example in mirror image with respect to a plane containing the longitudinal axis.

The two profiling heads, in particular including the device parts provided in them, such as the rotating body and ring gear, can be designed identically or can be produced according to the same specifications, the movements of the device parts running in mirror image with respect to a plane containing the longitudinal axis.

The respective circumferential movements of the two tools mentioned can be different from one another, namely, in particular mutually mirror-image to a plane containing the longitudinal axis. The respective

circumferential movements of the two tools mentioned take place in one and the same plane.

The circumferential movement of the first tool (the first profiling head) can thus with the circumferential movement of the second tool (the second

Profiling head) be synchronized that the reshaping interventions of the two tools mentioned take place simultaneously.

Due to the (mirror) symmetrical structure, a mechanical load on the workpiece holder can be kept low, because the respective forces directed towards the longitudinal axis essentially cancel each other out.

For other reasons and in other places, for example within the same profiling head, several tools can be provided. On the one hand, a single tool holder can hold two or more tools, for example in such a way that their effective areas are azimuthal with respect to the axis of rotation of the

Tool holders are evenly distributed.

For example, these tools can alternately intervene in the workpiece during successive revolutions.

This can result in an increased service life for the individual tools.

On the other hand, two or more tool holders can be provided, each holding (at least) one tool. The orbiting movements of this

For example, tool holders can describe the same orbit; and they can be evenly distributed along the orbit. For example, these tool holders can be distributed azimuthally with respect to the axis of the rotating body.

For example, an intervention in the workpiece can take place per rotation of the rotating body per tool holder.

As a result (with the same number of revolutions of the revolving body), the number of interventions can be multiplied per time and the workpiece can be machined faster. During a period of rotation of the revolving body, N reshaping interventions can take place, N indicating the number of tool holders with (at least) one tool each.

If N indicates the number of tool holders with n tools each and two embossing heads of the same (or mirror image) design are provided, the machining of the workpiece can therefore take place with 2 · N · h tools.

The tools or at least their effective areas can be manufactured, for example, according to the same specifications.

The tool can be an unwind stamp.

The tool (azimuthal) can then have a recess, for example an inward shoulder, to the effective area. There can be a free one Start the area that, for example, has space for one after the intervention

Leaves the workpiece projection so that it is not deformed by the tool.

In the free area, the tool held by the tool holder can be radially set back from the effective area.

In a section perpendicular to the axis of the smile through the effective area during an intervention, the tool can have a shape that corresponds to the negative of the shape of a profile gap of the generating profile. This can be provided in particular if the profiling contains or is an outer profiling. At the same time as the external profile, an internal profile can optionally be created - or not.

The effective range can be defined in that it is the area of the tool in which the tool comes into (direct) contact with the workpiece.

When the tool is held by the tool holder, the tool and the tool holder can have a constant relative position to one another. The tool can rotate with the associated tool holder. And if a planet gear is provided that is part of the tool holder, then the relative position of the tool to the planet gear can also be constant.

The tool can be part of a tool insert that can be fixed to the tool holder.

The device can be a device for producing a profiled body provided with a profile by cold forming a workpiece. For this purpose, the device can have:

- A workpiece holder rotatable about its longitudinal axis for holding the

Workpiece;

- A drive device for generating a rotational movement of the

Workpiece holder around the longitudinal axis, in particular where the Rotational movement is intermittent or alternately has periods of standstill and periods of rotation;

- a circulating body;

A tool holder for holding a tool, in particular the tool holder being rotatably mounted in the circulating body about an axis of rotation of the tool holder;

- A drive device for generating a rotary movement of the

Tool holder about its axis of rotation; and

A drive device for generating a movement of the circulating body, by means of which the tool holder can be driven to make a circulating movement, in particular along an orbit.

The device can further comprise:

- A first synchronization device for synchronizing the

Rotational movement of the workpiece holder with the rotating movement of the tool holder; and

- A second synchronization device for synchronizing the

Rotary movement of the tool holder with the rotating movement of the tool holder.

The drive device for generating a rotary movement of the tool holder about its axis of rotation can be at least partially identical to the second synchronization device. For example, the planetary gear already described can be part of this drive device, on the one hand, by converting the movement of the rotating body into the rotary movement of the tool holder, and, on the other hand, it can be part of the first synchronization device (or correspond to the first synchronization device), by applying the rotary movement of the tool holder the circumferential movement of the tool holder couples. The drive device for generating a movement of the circulating body can have, for example, a drive spindle. This can also be part of the

Drive device for generating a rotary movement of the tool holder about its axis of rotation, e.g. mediated by the planetary gear.

The circulating body can be mounted in a profiling head, in particular can be mounted rotatably. And this can be drivable on the longitudinal axis by means of a drive for the radial infeed movement. The drive can, for example, be a drive for a movement of the profiling head running perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

The first synchronization device and the second synchronization device can be one and the same synchronization device or can be completely or partially different from one another.

The first synchronization device can be set up to ensure that a rotational frequency of the rotational movement of the first tool holder with a rotational speed of the rotational movement of the workpiece in a fixed (temporally

unchanged) ratio.

The second synchronization device can be set up to ensure that a rotational frequency of the rotating movement of the tool holder with a rotational speed of the rotary movement of the tool holder in a fixed (temporally

unchanged) ratio.

The device can be set up in such a way that the cold forming of the workpiece can take place by means of a large number of successive shaping interventions. These can be interventions of the same tool or interventions of several tools.

And the first synchronization device can be set up that

Rotational movement of the workpiece holder with the circumferential movement of the

To synchronize the tool holder so that several of the reshaping interventions take place at different positions distributed over a circumference of the workpiece. The device can be set up in such a way that in each of the reshaping interventions an effective area of a tool (for example one and the same tool or also several tools) comes into contact with the processing area. The tool (more precisely: the effective area) can roll on the outer surface (in the machining area). With each of the reshaping interventions, different locations of the effective area can come into contact with different locations of the processing area during a duration of the intervention.

And the second synchronization device can be set up to synchronize the rotary movement of the tool holder with the circumferential movement of the tool holder so that the tool in each of the reshaping interventions of the

Tool goes through the same azimuthal orientations.

If several tools and one or more tool holders (each holding at least one of the tools) are provided, it can be provided that the second synchronization device is set up to synchronize the rotary movement of the at least one tool holder with the circumferential movement of the respective tool holder so that each of the Tools in each of the reshaping interventions of the corresponding tool undergo the same azimuthal orientations.

For example, if the profiling to be generated has r profile gaps and the device has N tool holders whose circumferential movement describes one and the same orbit, the first synchronization device can, for example, be set up so that an Nth of a period of the circumferential movement equals an integral multiple is an r-th of the period of the rotational movement of the workpiece. As a result, the interventions take place precisely at the positions along the circumference of the workpiece, where profile gaps have to be created. In particular, the first synchronization device can, for example, be set up such that an Nth of a period of the rotating movement is equal to an Rth of the period of the rotating movement of the workpiece. As a result, the interventions take place in adjacent profile gap positions. The invention comprises devices with features that correspond to the features of described methods and vice versa also methods with features that correspond to the features of described devices.

Further embodiments and advantages emerge from the dependent patent claims and the figures.

The subject matter of the invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings. They show schematically:

Fig. 1 shows an apparatus for performing the method for cold forming

Profiling of a workpiece;

Figs. 2A-2D successive phases of the process;

Fig. 3 shows a tool holder with tools, in a section through its

Axis of rotation;

FIG. 4 shows a detail of a planetary gear with a planet gear according to FIG. 3;

Fig. 5 shows a detail of a device with two profiling heads, with

symbolized radial infeed;

6A shows an orbit of a tool holder;

6B shows a radial infeed movement, symbolically;

6C shows a trajectory of a tool holder, as an overlay of

circumferential movement and radial infeed;

7 shows a detail of a device with two profiling heads, each having three tool holders, each with two tools;

8 shows a profile body with the shoulder projecting outwards;

Fig. 9 shows a detail of a workpiece on an externally profiled dome, in a

Section perpendicular to the catch axis; 10 shows a workpiece with a conical machining area, in a section containing the longitudinal axis

11 shows a workpiece with a polygonal outer surface, in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis;

12 shows a workpiece or a profile body with two axially spaced, radially outwardly directed profiling limitation structures, between which a profiling was generated;

13 shows a workpiece or a profile body with two axially spaced, radially inward or outward directions

Profiling limitation structures, between which a profiling was created;

Fig. 14 a workpiece or a profile body without

Profiling limitation structures;

15 a workpiece with non-rotationally symmetrical

Profiling limitation structure, in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis;

16 a workpiece or a profile body with azimuthally unevenly distributed profile gaps, in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

Parts that are not essential for understanding the invention are not shown in part. The exemplary embodiments described are exemplary of the

Subject of the invention or serve to explain it and have no restrictive effect.

1 shows a device 100 for carrying out the method for

Cold-forming profiling of a workpiece 1. The workpiece 1 is held in a workpiece holder 10, which is shown symbolically in FIG. 1 and has a longitudinal axis Z, which is also a longitudinal axis of the workpiece 1. In the example shown, the workpiece 1 has a machining region 11 which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis Z and has an outer surface 11a, which is cylindrical, for example, and in which a profiling is to be introduced, and to which a second region 12 adjoins, in which the workpiece 1 is united has a larger diameter than in the machining area 11. As a result, a workpiece shoulder 13 is formed between the areas 11 and 12

Profiling limitation structure formed.

Furthermore, a revolving body 8 symbolically shown in FIG. 1 is provided, which executes a movement R8 ″, namely by rotating in the example shown about a revolving body axis not shown in FIG. 1 and thus executing a rotation R8 ″. A tool holder 5 is mounted in the revolving body 8 and, due to the movement R8 'of the revolving body 8, executes a revolving movement R8 along an orbit U.

The tool holder 5 has an axis of rotation W about which the one

Performs rotary movement R5. This rotary movement R5 can, for example, be generated directly by a drive (rotary drive) or can be derived from the movement R8 'of the circulating body 8, for example mechanically, for example by means of a planetary gear, as will be described in more detail below.

The tool holder 5 holds at least one tool 2 which has an active region 21 in which it comes into cold-forming contact with the workpiece 1, specifically by performing a movement during an intervention in the workpiece 1, which will be described in more detail below. wherein this movement can be an at least partially rolling movement and can be composed, for example, of a rolling movement (the effective area on the machining area) and a sliding movement (the tool on the workpiece).

Profile gaps are created in the workpiece 1 by means of the tool 2, the tool 2 performing a large number of interventions per profile gap. So that the tool 2 can engage in the workpiece 1 at various positions distributed over the circumference of the workpiece 1, the workpiece 1 can be driven by the workpiece holder 10 about the longitudinal axis Z to a rotational movement RI, in particular wherein the rotational movement RI can be an intermittent rotation, so that the tool engagement can take place in one phase of the rotational stoppage of the workpiece 1.

1, active connections for the purpose of the drive are shown by dashed lines and active connections for the purpose of synchronization (which can be implemented mechanically and / or electronically) by thick dotted lines.

A drive device A1 for generating a rotational movement RI of the workpiece holder 10 is provided, for example a torque motor or another rotary drive, and a drive device A8 for generating the movement R8 ’of the rotating body 8. The drive device A8 can, for example, be a

Have drive shaft.

And there is also a drive device A5 for generating the rotary movement R5 of the tool holder 5 about its axis of rotation W, as already stated above.

The axis of rotation W is aligned parallel to the axis of the rotating body. The rotating movement R8 of the tool holder takes place in a plane on which these axes are perpendicular. The longitudinal axis is aligned parallel to this plane.

So that tool interventions take place where profile gaps are to be created, the workpiece rotation RI and the circumferential movement R8 are by means of a first one

Synchronization device S 1 is synchronized with one another, for example by the workpiece rotation RI and the movement R8 ′ of the circulating body 8 being synchronized with one another by means of the first synchronization device S 1.

For example, the synchronization can consist in that the two movements (RI and R8 or R8 ') have a temporally constant ratio of their orbital times. For example, if only one tool 2 is provided and successive interventions of the tool 2 in the workpiece 1 in each case in adjacent profile gaps T8 / T1 = z can be selected, with a round trip time (period) T8 of the rotating movement R8 of the tool holder 5 and a round trip time (period) TI of the workpiece, where z is the number of profile gaps to be generated.

This synchronization can be done for example by means of an electronic

Synchronization device S 1 can be realized. Other synchronization

Devices, for example mechanical ones, are in principle also conceivable.

A second synchronization device S5 is also provided, by means of which the rotary movement R5 of the tool holder 5 and the circumferential movement R8 of the tool holder 5 are synchronized with one another. This can be implemented, for example, by means of an electronic synchronization device, which can then also be identical to the first synchronization device S1. in the

shown example, this synchronization is realized mechanically, namely by means of the planetary gear already mentioned.

In this respect, the drive device A5 can be at least partially identical to the second synchronization device S5, namely in that the planetary gear on the one hand generates the rotary movement R5 and on the other hand effects the synchronization between the rotary movement R5 and the circumferential movement R8.

By means of the second synchronization device S5

Synchronization can cause the tool 2 to assume the same azimuthal orientations (with respect to the axis of rotation W of the tool holder 5) during each of its interventions in the workpiece 1. This can be advantageous, for example, if the workpiece 1, as shown in FIG. 1, has a workpiece shoulder 13 projecting outwards and the profiling is to be created close to it. This is shown in Figs. 2A to 2D explained.

Figs. 2A-2D illustrate successive phases of the process. Most of the reference numerals have already been explained above; 23 denotes a tool recess or a tool shoulder, 22 denotes a free area of the tool 2, and f denotes an azimuthal orientation of the tool in relation to the axis of rotation W, or, more precisely, the corresponding azimuth angle (measured counter-clockwise). As reference axes for the azimuthal orientation, for example, as shown in Figs. 2A-2D (and also shown in Fig. 4, see below) can be selected:

an axis oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation W (shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 2A-2D) which runs through the center of the effective region 21 and through the axis of rotation W; and

an axis oriented perpendicular to the axis of rotation W (shown in dotted lines in FIGS. 2A-2D), which runs through the center of the effective region 21 and through the axis of the rotating body.

2A illustrates the situation approximately at the beginning of an intervention, where the tool 2 is just coming into contact with the workpiece 1. The azimuth angle f is approximately 317 ° in the illustrated example, corresponding to -43 °.

2B illustrates the situation approximately in the middle of the procedure. The azimuth angle f is a few degrees in the illustrated example.

2C illustrates the situation approximately at the end of an intervention, where the tool 2 is just in contact with the workpiece 1. The azimuth angle f is approximately 40 ° in the illustrated example.

2D illustrates the situation shortly after the end of an intervention, where the tool 2 is no longer in contact with the workpiece 1. The azimuth angle f is a good 70 ° in the illustrated example.

By means of the second synchronization device S5 it can be caused, for example, that the tool 2 during each engagement during the engagement in the

Workpiece 1 passes through the azimuthal angular range, here for example from -43 ° to a good 70 °.

This can prevent the tool 2 from coming into (reshaping) contact with the workpiece shoulder 13 - and nevertheless the formation of the profile can take place close to the workpiece shoulder 13. For this purpose, tool 2 is a sector tool. Adjoining the effective area, it has the free area 22 in which it is set back radially (with respect to the axis of rotation W).

As can easily be seen from FIG. 2A, the workpiece 1 could have a further workpiece projection at the end shown on the right instead of stopping there (indicated by dots in FIG. 2A). In such a case, it is possible by means of the method described, the profiling between the two

To produce workpiece protrusions so that it extends close to the respective workpiece protrusion.

3 shows a tool holder 5 with tool 2, in a section through its axis of rotation W. It has (optionally) two planet gears 45, the axes of which are coaxial with the axis of rotation W, and two bearing areas 2F for the rotatable bearing in the rotating body 8 ( see Fig. 1). The tool holder 5 can be formed in one piece. The tool 2 forms part of a tool insert 2e, which with the

Tool holder 5 is fixedly connected, for example screwed to it.

The tool 2 can rotate relative to the planet wheels 45 on

Tool holder 5 may be attached.

4 illustrates a detail of a planetary gear 40 of the device, for example having a view of a section perpendicular to the axis of rotation W.

Planetary gears 45, as are integrated in the tool holder 5 according to FIG. 3, of which only one is visible in FIG. 4.

The planetary gear 40 has a ring gear 41 with an axis 42 and, in addition to this, can also have a second ring gear, not shown in FIG. 4, in which the second planet gear of the tool holder 5 runs.

The axis 46 of the planet gear 45 is coaxial with the axis of rotation W. And the

The revolving body axis V (corresponding to the axis of the revolving movement of the tool carrier) is coaxial with the axis 42 of the ring gear 41. By suitable dimensioning of the planetary gear 40, it can be ensured, for example, that the tool 2 at a specific position along the orbit U (see FIG. 1) of the tool carrier 5, for example where the intervention into the workpiece 1 is to be ended, for each Orbit has the same azimuthal orientation.

Instead of a planetary gear with two ring gears and two planet gears, the planetary gear can, for example, also be realized with no more than one ring gear and no more than one planet gear.

The mechanical requirements on the workpiece holder 10 can be greatly reduced if two tool interventions take place with each tool intervention, namely at locations of the workpiece 1 opposite one another with respect to the longitudinal axis, and in particular also axially (with respect to the longitudinal axis Z) at the same position.

Lig. 5 illustrates a detail of a device 100 with two profiling heads 3a, 3b, wherein a radial infeed is also symbolized. In the

Profiling heads 3a, 3b, the circulating bodies (including at least one tool carrier each) and, if provided, the planetary gears can be mounted.

The profiling heads 3 a, 3 b or the parts stored in them can in

be essentially the same, but be mirrored with respect to the movements.

That in big. 5 symbolized workpiece 1 (dashed) can thereby mirror each other by two with respect to the longitudinal axis Z.

opposite tools can be processed.

The movements of the two circulating bodies can be correspondingly synchronized with one another or can result from one and the same movement, for example from one and the same rotary drive. And it can be in any of the

Profiling heads one or more ring gears can be fixed. During the course of the machining, it can be advantageous if the tools can be advanced radially, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z, since the profile gaps that are created become deeper as the number of interventions increases. This also applies if only a single profiling head is provided or a tool intervention takes place only from one side or respectively by no more than a single tool at the same time.

Such a radial infeed movement is symbolized in FIG. 5 by the open arrows labeled L2. It can take place along an axis that is perpendicular to the

Longitudinal axis runs and is parallel to a plane through the circumferential

Movement of the tool holder is described.

For this purpose, a drive A2 can be provided for the radial infeed.

The radial infeed results in the trajectory or the movement path of the tool holder from a superimposition of the circumferential movement U with the (linear) radial infeed movement, as is shown in FIGS. 6A-6C is schematically illustrated.

6A symbolizes an orbit U of a tool holder.

6B symbolizes a radial infeed movement L2.

6C symbolizes a trajectory T of a tool holder, which can be seen as

Superposition of circumferential movement U and radial infeed L2 results. In reality, the distances between the roughly circular ones

Trajectory components much less than shown in Fig. 6C for clarity.

7 illustrates a detail of a device 100 with two profiling heads, each of which has three tool holders 5al, 5a2, 5a3 or 5bl, 5b2, 5b3, each with two tools 2al, 2al 'or 2a2, 2a2', etc.

By (possibly per profiling head) several tool holders 5al, 5a2, ...

can be provided, several interventions per one revolution of a circulating body take place, which can enable faster processing and thus creation of the profile within a shorter time.

By providing several tools per tool holder, their service life can be increased and a longer, uninterrupted profiling can thus be made possible. For example, the second synchronization device S5 (see FIG. 1) can be set up so that with n tools per tool holder, each of the tools after one revolution of the circulating body 8 at a specific position along the orbit U (see FIG. 1) of the tool carrier 5 (for example where the intervention in workpiece 1 is to be ended) has an azimuthal orientation which deviates by 360 ° / n from the azimuthal position at the beginning of the rotation. The

Deviation can also be a multiple of 360 ° / n, provided that this multiple is different from 360 ° and from a multiple of 360 °.

It is further illustrated in FIG. 7 that the method described in this text can also be used to create profiles between two profile limitation structures, for example between the two workpiece schools 13, 13, wherein the profiles can each extend as far as the profile limitation structures.

8 shows in a section perpendicular to the catch axis Z a profile body lp which has a profile P which can be produced by means of the described method or by means of the described device. The profiling has a large number of profile gaps pl. Each of these profile gaps pl is by a

Performing a plurality of interventions of one or more in succession

Tools 2 were created, each of which has an active region 21 which, in the section according to FIG. 8, has a shape which essentially corresponds to the shape of a profile gap p 1 to be produced.

The profile body lp is a hollow part, which sits on an externally profiled dome 6 and has an outwardly projecting shoulder 13. By using a Profiled dome 6 can be generated not only an outer profile, but also an inner profile at the same time by the method.

With full parts or hollow parts sitting on non-profiled domes, a

External profiling can be generated without an internal profile being generated at the same time.

Furthermore, it is possible to produce an internal toothing in a hollow part without generating an external profile in the hollow part. Figure 9 illustrates this.

FIG. 9 shows in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis a detail of a workpiece 1, which is seated on an externally profiled dome 6 and is in the process of being used, by means of

Tool 2 to be processed in the manner described. Through the processing, material of the workpiece 1 is then molded into profile gaps 6p. The tool 2 has a two-dimensional effective area.

10 shows in a section containing the longitudinal axis Z using an example that an outer surface of a machining region 11 of a workpiece 1 does not have to be cylindrical, but, for example, as shown, can be conical.

11 shows in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z using an example that an outer surface 11a of a machining area 11 of a workpiece 1 does not necessarily have to be rotationally symmetrical, but can, for example, as shown, be polygonal. Shown in Fig. 11 is the case that the

Outer surface 11a has six partial surfaces; however, it can be provided that the outer surface 11a has many more partial surfaces. In the associated

For example, the workpiece 1 can be prismatic in the machining area.

FIG. 12 shows an example of a workpiece 1 or a profile body lp with two axially spaced profiling limitation structures 13, 13 which stand radially outwards. The profiling P with its profile gaps pl, which is generated by means of the described method, extends close to this. Profiling delimiting structures can also be directed radially inward relative to the adjacent portion of the machining area. FIG. 13 shows an example of this, in which the profiling limitation structures 13 at one end of the processing region 11 are directed radially inwards and the

Profiling limitation structures 13 'at the other end of the

Machining area 11 are directed radially outwards.

14 uses an example to illustrate that a machining area 11 does not necessarily have to be delimited on one or two sides by profiling delimitation structures. A profile body is shown in which both ends of the

Machining area 11 are not adjacent to profiling limitation structures.

15 illustrates using an example that a profiling limitation structure 13 of a workpiece 1 is not necessarily rotationally symmetrical. By doing

In the illustrated example, a plurality of workpiece projections projecting radially outward are provided, which are located at different azimuthal positions.

16 illustrates in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L a workpiece 1 or a profile body lp which has a profile whose profile gaps lp are distributed unevenly azimuthally. Although profile gaps distributed evenly over the circumference are preferred for many applications, there are applications for which an azimuthally irregular arrangement of the profile gaps pl is advantageous.

Of course, a single workpiece can have two or more different ones

Have machining areas that can be axially spaced apart, for example, and each in the manner described in this text with a

Profiling be provided.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Method for producing a profiled (P)

Profile body (lp) by cold forming a workpiece (1) which has a longitudinal axis (Z) and in a processing area (11) an outer surface (11a) into which the profiling (P) is to be introduced, the workpiece (1) making a rotational movement (RI) around the longitudinal axis (Z) and processed by a first tool (2) in a plurality of successive forming operations, in each of which an effective area (21) of the first tool (2) is in contact with the processing area (11) comes, the first tool (2) by a first

Tool holder (5; 5al) is held, and wherein the first tool holder (5; 5al, ...)

- Is rotatably mounted in a circulating body (8) about an axis of rotation (W) of the first tool holder (5; 5al, ...) and is driven to rotate (R5) about the axis of rotation (W), with the axis of rotation (W ) the term azimuthal used below is defined; and

- Is driven by the circulating body (8) to a circumferential movement (R8); and

in which

- The rotational movement (RI) of the workpiece (1) with the rotating

Movement (R8) of the first tool holder (5; 5al, ...) is synchronized; and

- The rotary movement (R5) of the first tool holder (5; 5al, ...) with the

circumferential movement (R8) of the first tool holder (5; 5al, ...) is synchronized. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein

- The rotational movement (RI) of the workpiece (1) with the rotating

Movement (R8) of the first tool holder (5; 5al, ...) is synchronized so that several of the reshaping interventions take place at different positions distributed over a circumference of the workpiece (1); and

- The rotary movement (R5) of the first tool holder (5; 5al, ...) with the

circumferential movement (R8) of the first tool holder (5; 5al, ...) is synchronized so that the first tool (2) passes through the same azimuthal orientations (cp) with each of the reshaping operations.

3. The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the revolving body (8) performs a rotation (R8 ') about a revolving body axis (V), and wherein the

Orbital axis (V) and the axis of rotation (W) are aligned parallel to each other.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first tool holder (5; 5al, ...) describes a trajectory (T), which results from a superposition of the circumferential movement (U) with a radial on the longitudinal axis (Z ) results in a directed infeed movement (L2).

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the effective range (21) of the first tool (2) when the first tool (2) through the first

Tool holder (5; 5al, ...) is held, extends azimuthally over only one sector.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the workpiece adjoining the machining area (11) has a profiling limitation structure (13), and wherein in each of the reshaping interventions, the effective area (21) up to the profiling limitation structure (13) comes into contact with the processing area (11).

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the rotary movement (R5) of the tool holder (5; 5al, ...) with the circumferential movement (R8) of the first tool holder (5; 5al, ...) by means of a planetary gear (40) is synchronized.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the planetary gear (40) has a ring gear (41) and a in the ring gear (41) running planet gear (45), wherein the

Planetary gear (45) is part of the first tool holder (5; 5al, ...) and performs the rotary movement (R5) together with it.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the workpiece is simultaneously machined by a second tool (2b) in a plurality of successive forming operations, in each of which an effective area of the second tool (2b) with the machining area (11) in Contact comes, in particular wherein each of the successive reshaping operations of the second tool (2b) takes place at a position of the workpiece (1) which is opposite to that position of the workpiece (1) with respect to the longitudinal axis (Z) at which a reshaping engagement of the first tool (2a) takes place.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the workpiece is additionally machined by a further tool (2a2, 2al ') in a plurality of successive reshaping interventions, in each of which an effective area of the further tool (2a2, 2al') comes into contact with the machining area (11), in particular with a tool holder (5; 5a2, ...) holding the further tool (2a 1 ') carrying out the same circumferential movement (R8) as the one already mentioned Tool holder (5; 5al, ...), and wherein this tool holder (5; 5a2) is identical to or different from the already mentioned tool holder (5; 5al, ...).

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the further tool (2al ') is held by the same tool holder (5al) as the first tool (2; 2al), in particular wherein the effective areas of the two tools (2al; 2al') are spaced apart azimuthally .

12. The method according to claim 10, wherein a second tool holder (5a2) is provided, which is different from the first tool holder (5al) and by which the further tool (2a2) is held, the circumferential movements of the first and the second tool holder describe the same orbit (Ua).

13. Device (100) for producing a profile (P)

Profile body (lp) by cold forming a workpiece (1), the device

(100) has:

- A workpiece holder (10) rotatable about its longitudinal axis (Z) for holding the workpiece (1);

- A drive device (Al) for generating a rotational movement (RI) of the workpiece holder (10) about the longitudinal axis (Z);

- A circulation body (8);

- A first tool holder (5; 5al) for holding a first tool (2; 2al), the tool holder (5; 5al) being rotatably mounted in the rotating body (8) about an axis of rotation (W) of the tool holder (5; 5al) ;

- A drive device (A5) for generating a rotary movement (R5) of the first tool holder (5; 5al) about its axis of rotation (W); - A drive device (A8) for generating a movement of the

Revolving body (8), through which the first tool holder (5; 5al) can be driven for a revolving movement (R8);

- A first synchronization device (Sl) for synchronizing the

Rotational movement (RI) of the workpiece holder (10) with the rotating one

Movement (R8) of the first tool holder (5; 5al); and

- A second synchronization device (S5) for synchronizing the

Rotational movement (R5) of the first tool holder (5; 5al) with the circumferential movement (R8) of the first tool holder (5; 5al).

14. The device (100) according to claim 13, comprising a planetary gear (40) which is a component of the second synchronization device (S5) and / or a component of the drive device (A5) for generating a rotary movement (R5) of the first tool holder (5; 5al) around the axis of rotation (W).

15. The apparatus according to claim 13 or claim 14, wherein the

Circulating body (8) is mounted in a profiling head (3), and the

Device (100) has a drive (A2) for moving the profiling head (3) on the longitudinal axis (Z).