EP3875692A1 - Quick change device for a construction machine - Google Patents

Quick change device for a construction machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3875692A1
EP3875692A1 EP21157045.2A EP21157045A EP3875692A1 EP 3875692 A1 EP3875692 A1 EP 3875692A1 EP 21157045 A EP21157045 A EP 21157045A EP 3875692 A1 EP3875692 A1 EP 3875692A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing
openings
quick
side cheeks
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21157045.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3875692B1 (en
Inventor
Michael Kollmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oilquick Deutschland KG
Original Assignee
Oilquick Deutschland KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oilquick Deutschland KG filed Critical Oilquick Deutschland KG
Publication of EP3875692A1 publication Critical patent/EP3875692A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3875692B1 publication Critical patent/EP3875692B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3622—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat with a hook and a locking element acting on a pin
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3618—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat with two separating hooks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3636—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat using two or four movable transversal pins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/365—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat with redundant latching means, e.g. for safety purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3663—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat hydraulically-operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a quick coupler according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such quick couplers are used for simple and convenient changing of different attachments on construction machines.
  • a quick coupler e.g. swivel spoons, grippers, scissors, compressors, magnets, hydraulic hammers or other attachments can be coupled or uncoupled from a driver's cab, e.g. to a boom of an excavator, in a few seconds and with a high level of safety.
  • a generic quick coupler is known. This has a support that can be mounted on a boom arm of an excavator and has a base body and parallel side walls. To fasten the carrier to the excavator, opposite through openings for receiving rear and front bearing bushes for receiving fastening bolts are arranged on the side cheeks of the carrier. The through openings are designed as elongated holes.
  • the bearing bushes have an outer contour that is adapted to the shape of the elongated holes and are arranged in the through-openings in such a way that they are secured against rotation by this outer contour. Due to the different arrangement of the bores within the bearing bushes and the different diameters of the bores, the quick coupler can be adapted to different distances between the fastening bolts and to fastening bolts with different diameters.
  • the object of the invention is to create a quick changer of the type mentioned at the beginning, which has an extended area of application and can be used universally.
  • At least two opposing first bearing bushes are rotated about a center axis of a receiving opening of the Bearing bushing offset axis can be used in different angular positions in first opposite through openings in the side cheeks and have an outer contour for an engagement secured against rotation in a corresponding inner contour on the through openings.
  • the position of the receiving opening of the first bearing bushing relative to the side cheek can thus easily be changed and adapted to the respective needs.
  • the outer contour on the bearing bushing and the corresponding inner contour on the through opening in the side cheeks result in a form-fitting connection with mutual engagement between the bearing bushing and the side cheek, which enables a particularly stable connection that is well secured against undesired adjustment.
  • the opposite second bearing bushes are arranged in second through openings in the side cheeks designed as elongated holes and secured against displacement by means of a form-fit connection formed by arcuate recesses on the top and bottom of the second through opening and corresponding arcuate elevations on the second bearing bush are.
  • the first bearing bushes can be rotated for adjustment and the second bearing bushes can also be moved into different positions for adjustment. In the desired positions, the first and second bearing bushes are then secured against rotation. As a result, an improved possibility of adjustment is achieved with nevertheless precise and safe positioning.
  • the outer contour on the first bearing bushes and the inner contour on the first through openings are designed as a polygonal profile.
  • the positive connection between the first bearing bushes and the side cheeks can, for example, also be achieved by external and internal splines, by a splined shaft and splined hub profile, or by an external and internal polygon profile.
  • the outer contour can expediently be arranged on an engagement part of the bearing bush that engages in the first through opening.
  • the first bearing bushing can have a fastening flange provided with threaded bores for fastening to the side cheek.
  • the second bearing bushes can be fastened to the side cheeks via a retaining washer.
  • the retaining disk can, for example, be arranged on the outside of the side cheek and screwed to the second bearing bush with screws.
  • a quick coupler 1 is shown for simple and convenient changing of different attachments on construction machines, in particular excavators.
  • swivel spoons, grippers, scissors, magnets, compressors, hydraulic hammers or other mechanical or hydraulic attachments can be easily and conveniently coupled or uncoupled from a driver's cab to a boom or other attachment of an excavator or other construction vehicle .
  • the quick coupler 1 contains a carrier made as a welded construction or as a cast part, which contains a base part 2 and two parallel side walls 3 with through openings 4 and 5 for receiving bearing bushes 6 and 7 for two connecting bolts 8 parallel to one another.
  • the quick coupler 1 can be mounted, for example, on a cantilever arm of an excavator or other working device via the connecting bolts 8.
  • the base part 2 designed in cross section as an inverted U-profile, has on one side rearwardly open first receptacles 9 for receiving and holding a first bolt-shaped coupling element and on the other side downwardly open second receptacles 10 for receiving and holding a second bolt-shaped coupling element .
  • the bolt-shaped coupling elements can be arranged, for example, on an attachment or an adapter that can be fastened to the attachment.
  • the quick changer 1 contains two spaced apart first receptacles 9 for the first coupling element on the rear side of the base part 4 and two spaced apart receptacles 10 for the second coupling element on the front.
  • the rearwardly open first receptacles 9 are fork-shaped or claw-shaped.
  • the downwardly open second receptacles 10 have a curved lower contact surface 11 for the contact of the second bolt-shaped coupling element.
  • the downwardly open second receptacles 10 are closed on the underside by the bolt-shaped locking elements 13, which are arranged displaceably in the guide bores 12 in the base part 2, so that the second bolt-shaped coupling element is gripped under and held by the bolt-shaped locking elements 13.
  • the bolt-shaped locking elements 13 hook-shaped or differently shaped locking elements can also be arranged on the base part 2 of the carrier.
  • the quick coupler 1 which is usually arranged on the boom of an excavator, is first moved in such a way that the first coupling element arranged on an adapter or directly on the attachment into the claw-shaped or fork-shaped receptacles 9 one side of the quick coupler 1 is retracted. Then the quick changer 1 with the locking elements 13 still retracted is pivoted around the first bolt-shaped coupling element so that the second coupling element on the adapter or attachment comes to rest on the contact surfaces 11 of the downwardly open receptacles 10 on the other side of the quick changer 1.
  • the locking elements 13, which are arranged displaceably in the guide bores 12 in the base part 2 of the carrier, can then be hydraulically extended, so that the second bolt-shaped coupling element engages under the two bolt-shaped locking elements 13 on the quick coupler 1 and the attachment is thus held on the quick coupler 1.
  • first bearing bushings 6 are in the two side cheeks 3 of the carrier and two opposite front through openings 5 for receiving second bearing bushings 7 are provided.
  • the first bearing bushes 6 arranged at the rear have an engagement part 14 for engagement in the rear through opening 4 and a fastening flange 16 provided with threaded bores 15.
  • the engagement part 14 of the rear bearing bush 6 has an outer contour 17, here designed as an external hexagon profile, for positive engagement with a corresponding inner contour 18, here designed as an internal hexagon profile, of the rear through opening 5.
  • the first bearing bush 6 can within the through opening 4 by an in Figure 1
  • the axis 19 shown can be rotated in different angular positions and inserted into the through opening 5 in a certain position secured against rotation.
  • a receiving bore 20 eccentric to the axis 19 is provided in the first bearing bush 6 .
  • the central axis 21 of the receiving bore 20 is offset with respect to the axis 19, so that the position of the receiving bore 20 relative to the side cheek 3 can be changed by rotating the first bearing bush 6.
  • a plurality of through bores 22 for screws 23, which are aligned with the threaded bores 15 in the fastening flange 16, are arranged around the through opening 5 in the side cheeks 3.
  • the bearing bushing 6 inserted in a certain angular position into the through opening 4 of the side cheek 3 can be fastened to the side cheek 3 via the screws 23.
  • the outer contour 17 and the corresponding inner contour 18 can expediently be designed as a polygonal profile.
  • the connection between the bearing bush 6 and the side cheek 3 can, for example, also be made by external and internal splines, by a splined shaft and splined hub profile, or by an external and internal polygonal profile.
  • the second through-openings 5 arranged at the front in the side cheeks 3 are designed as elongated holes with arcuate recesses 24 on the top and bottom.
  • the second bearing bushes 7 arranged at the front have an oval base body with a flange 25 and an engagement area 26 for form-fitting engagement in the front through-opening 5.
  • the engagement area 26 contains on its top and bottom sides corresponding to the depressions 24 arcuate elevations 27.
  • the front bearing bush 7 is also a receiving bore 28 for receiving a Fastening bolt 8 arranged. Due to the design of the front through opening 5 and the engagement area 26, the bearing bush 7 can be inserted within the through opening 5, which is designed as an elongated hole, at various points on the side cheek 3 and is secured there against displacement. Thus, the position of the receiving bore 28 relative to the side wall 3 can be changed easily.
  • the attachment of the front bearing bush 7 to the side wall 3 is carried out by an in Figure 1
  • the retaining disk 29 shown which is arranged on the outside of the side cheek 3 and is screwed to the bearing bush 7 by means of screws 30.
  • through-bores 31 are provided in the retaining disk 29 and corresponding threaded bores 32 are provided in the bearing bush 7.
  • the fastening bolts 8 can be fixed to the side cheeks 3 via fastening elements 33 and threaded bores 34 in the side cheeks 3.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schnellwechsler (1) zum Wechseln von Anbaugeräten an einer Baumaschine, der einen Grundkörper (2) und parallele Seitenwangen (3) mit gegenüberliegenden ersten und zweiten Lagerbuchsen (4, 5) zur Aufnahme von Befestigungsbolzen (8) enthält. Um den Einsatzbereich zu erweitern, sind zumindest zwei gegenüberliegende erste Lagerbuchsen (6) durch Drehung um eine zu einer Mittelachse (21) einer Aufnahmeöffnung (20) der ersten Lagerbuchse (6) versetzte Achse (19) in verschiedenen Winkelstellungen in erste gegenüberliegende Durchgangsöffnungen (4) in den Seitenwangen (3) einsetzbar und weisen eine Außenkontur (17) für einen gegen Verdrehen gesicherten Eingriff in eine entsprechende Innenkontur (18) an den Durchgangsöffnungen (4) auf.The invention relates to a quick coupler (1) for changing attachments on a construction machine, which contains a base body (2) and parallel side cheeks (3) with opposing first and second bearing bushes (4, 5) for receiving fastening bolts (8). In order to expand the range of application, at least two opposing first bearing bushes (6) can be rotated about an axis (19) offset from a central axis (21) of a receiving opening (20) of the first bearing bushing (6) in different angular positions into first opposing through openings (4 ) can be used in the side cheeks (3) and have an outer contour (17) for engagement, secured against rotation, in a corresponding inner contour (18) on the through openings (4).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schnellwechsler nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a quick coupler according to the preamble of claim 1.

Solche Schnellwechsler werden zum einfachen und bequemen Wechseln von unterschiedlichen Anbaugeräten an Baumaschinen eingesetzt. Mit einem derartigen Schnellwechsler können z.B. Schwenklöffel, Greifer, Scheren, Verdichter, Magnete, Hydraulikhammer oder andere Anbaugeräte in wenigen Sekunden und mit hohem Sicherheitsstandard von einer Fahrerkabine aus z.B. an einem Ausleger eines Baggers an- bzw. abgekuppelt werden.Such quick couplers are used for simple and convenient changing of different attachments on construction machines. With such a quick coupler, e.g. swivel spoons, grippers, scissors, compressors, magnets, hydraulic hammers or other attachments can be coupled or uncoupled from a driver's cab, e.g. to a boom of an excavator, in a few seconds and with a high level of safety.

Aus der WO 99/06317 A1 ist ein gattungsgemäßer Schnellwechsler bekannt. Dieser weist einen an einem Auslegerarm eines Baggers montierbaren Träger mit einem Grundkörper und parallelen Seitenwangen auf. Zur Befestigung des Trägers an dem Bagger sind an den Seitenwangen des Trägers gegenüberliegende Durchgangsöffnungen zur Aufnahme hinterer und vorderer Lagerbuchsen für die Aufnahme von Befestigungsbolzen angeordnet. Die Durchgangsöffnungen sind als Langlöcher ausgeführt. Die Lagerbuchsen weisen eine an die Form der Langlöcher angepasste Außenkontur auf und sind durch diese Außenkontur gegen Verdrehung gesichert in den Durchgangsöffnungen angeordnet. Durch unterschiedliche Anordnung der Bohrungen innerhalb der Lagerbuchsen und durch unterschiedliche Durchmesser der Bohrungen kann der Schnellwechsler an unterschiedliche Abstände zwischen den Befestigungsbolzen und an Befestigungsbolzen mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern angepasst werden.From the WO 99/06317 A1 a generic quick coupler is known. This has a support that can be mounted on a boom arm of an excavator and has a base body and parallel side walls. To fasten the carrier to the excavator, opposite through openings for receiving rear and front bearing bushes for receiving fastening bolts are arranged on the side cheeks of the carrier. The through openings are designed as elongated holes. The bearing bushes have an outer contour that is adapted to the shape of the elongated holes and are arranged in the through-openings in such a way that they are secured against rotation by this outer contour. Due to the different arrangement of the bores within the bearing bushes and the different diameters of the bores, the quick coupler can be adapted to different distances between the fastening bolts and to fastening bolts with different diameters.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Schnellwechsler der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der einen erweiterten Einsatzbereich aufweist und universell einsetzbar ist.The object of the invention is to create a quick changer of the type mentioned at the beginning, which has an extended area of application and can be used universally.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Schnellwechsler mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by a quick changer with the features of claim 1. Appropriate refinements and advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Schnellwechsler sind zumindest zwei gegenüberliegende erste Lagerbuchsen durch Drehung um eine zu einer Mittelachse einer Aufnahmeöffnung der Lagerbuchse versetzte Achse in verschiedenen Winkelstellung in erste gegenüberliegende Durchgangsöffnungen in den Seitenwangen einsetzbar und weisen eine Außenkontur für einen gegen Verdrehen gesicherten Eingriff in eine entsprechende Innenkontur an den Durchgangsöffnungen auf. Die Position der Aufnahmeöffnung der ersten Lagerbuchse relativ zur Seitenwange kann so einfach verändert und an die jeweiligen Bedürfnisse angepasst werden. Durch die Außenkontur an der Lagerbuchse und die entsprechende Innenkontur an der Durchgangsöffnung in den Seitenwangen ergibt sich zwischen der Lagerbuchse und der Seitenwange eine formschlüssige Verbindung mit gegenseitigem Eingriff, die eine besonders stabile und gegen unerwünschte Verstellung gut gesicherte Verbindung ermöglicht. Zusätzliche Verstellmöglichkeiten werden dadurch erreicht werden, dass die gegenüberliegenden zweiten Lagerbuchsen in als Langloch ausgebildeten zweiten Durchgangsöffnungen in den Seitenwangen angeordnet und über eine durch bogenförmige Vertiefungen an der Ober- und Unterseite der zweiten Durchgangsöffnung und entsprechende bogenförmige Erhebungen an der zweiten Lagerbuchse gebildete Formschlussverbindung gegen Verschiebung gesichert sind.In the quick changer according to the invention, at least two opposing first bearing bushes are rotated about a center axis of a receiving opening of the Bearing bushing offset axis can be used in different angular positions in first opposite through openings in the side cheeks and have an outer contour for an engagement secured against rotation in a corresponding inner contour on the through openings. The position of the receiving opening of the first bearing bushing relative to the side cheek can thus easily be changed and adapted to the respective needs. The outer contour on the bearing bushing and the corresponding inner contour on the through opening in the side cheeks result in a form-fitting connection with mutual engagement between the bearing bushing and the side cheek, which enables a particularly stable connection that is well secured against undesired adjustment. Additional adjustment possibilities are achieved in that the opposite second bearing bushes are arranged in second through openings in the side cheeks designed as elongated holes and secured against displacement by means of a form-fit connection formed by arcuate recesses on the top and bottom of the second through opening and corresponding arcuate elevations on the second bearing bush are.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung können die ersten Lagerbuchsen zur Verstellung gedreht und die zweiten Lagerbuchsen zur Verstellung zusätzlich in unterschiedliche Positionen verschoben werden. In den gewünschten Positionen sind die ersten und zweiten Lagerbuchsen dann gegen Verdrehung gesichert. Dadurch wird eine verbesserte Verstellmöglichkeit bei dennoch genauer und sicherer Positionierung erreicht.In the embodiment according to the invention, the first bearing bushes can be rotated for adjustment and the second bearing bushes can also be moved into different positions for adjustment. In the desired positions, the first and second bearing bushes are then secured against rotation. As a result, an improved possibility of adjustment is achieved with nevertheless precise and safe positioning.

In einer besonders zweckmäßigen Ausführung ist die Außenkontur an den ersten Lagerbuchsen und die Innenkontur an den ersten Durchgangsöffnungen als Mehrkantprofil ausgebildet. Die formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den ersten Lagerbuchsen und den Seitenwangen kann z.B. aber auch durch eine Außen- und Innenkerbverzahnung, durch ein Keilwellen- und Keilnabenprofil, oder durch ein Außen- und Innenpolygonprofil erfolgen.In a particularly expedient embodiment, the outer contour on the first bearing bushes and the inner contour on the first through openings are designed as a polygonal profile. The positive connection between the first bearing bushes and the side cheeks can, for example, also be achieved by external and internal splines, by a splined shaft and splined hub profile, or by an external and internal polygon profile.

Zweckmäßigerweise kann die die Außenkontur an einem in die erste Durchgangsöffnung eingreifenden Eingriffsteil der Lagerbuchse angeordnet sein. Die erste Lagerbuchse kann einen mit Gewindebohrungen versehenen Befestigungsflansch zur Befestigung an der Seitenwange aufweisen.The outer contour can expediently be arranged on an engagement part of the bearing bush that engages in the first through opening. The first bearing bushing can have a fastening flange provided with threaded bores for fastening to the side cheek.

Die zweiten Lagerbuchsen können über eine Haltescheibe an den Seitenwangen befestigt sein. Die Haltescheibe kann z.B. an der Außenseite der Seitenwange angeordnet und über Schrauben mit der zweiten Lagerbuchse verschraubt sein.The second bearing bushes can be fastened to the side cheeks via a retaining washer. The retaining disk can, for example, be arranged on the outside of the side cheek and screwed to the second bearing bush with screws.

Weitere Besonderheiten und Vorzüge der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnung. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen erfindungsgemäßen Schnellwechsler in einer Explosionsdarstellung und
Figur 2
einen Längsschnitt des in Figur 1 gezeigten Schnellwechslers in der Ebene eines Seitenstegs.
Further special features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Figure 1
a quick coupler according to the invention in an exploded view and
Figure 2
a longitudinal section of the in Figure 1 shown quick coupler in the plane of a side bridge.

In Figur 1 ist ein Schnellwechsler 1 zum einfachen und bequemen Wechseln von unterschiedlichen Anbaugeräten an Baumaschinen, insbesondere Baggern, gezeigt. Mit einem derartigen Schnellwechsler 1 können z.B. Schwenklöffel, Greifer, Scheren, Magnete, Verdichter, Hydraulikhammer oder andere mechanische bzw. hydraulische Anbaugeräte einfach und bequem von einer Fahrerkabine aus an einem Ausleger oder einem anderen Anbauteil eines Baggers oder anderen Baufahrzeugs an- bzw. abgekuppelt werden.In Figure 1 a quick coupler 1 is shown for simple and convenient changing of different attachments on construction machines, in particular excavators. With such a quick coupler 1, swivel spoons, grippers, scissors, magnets, compressors, hydraulic hammers or other mechanical or hydraulic attachments can be easily and conveniently coupled or uncoupled from a driver's cab to a boom or other attachment of an excavator or other construction vehicle .

Der Schnellwechsler 1 enthält einen als Schweißkonstruktion oder als Gußteil ausgeführten Träger, der ein Grundteil 2 und zwei zueinander parallele Seitenwangen 3 mit Durchgangsöffnungen 4 und 5 zur Aufnahme von Lagerbuchsen 6 bzw. 7 für zwei zueinander parallele Verbindungsbolzen 8 enthält. Über die Verbindungsbolzen 8 kann der Schnellwechsler 1 z.B. an einem Auslegerarm eines Baggers oder eines anderen Arbeitsgeräts montiert werden.The quick coupler 1 contains a carrier made as a welded construction or as a cast part, which contains a base part 2 and two parallel side walls 3 with through openings 4 and 5 for receiving bearing bushes 6 and 7 for two connecting bolts 8 parallel to one another. The quick coupler 1 can be mounted, for example, on a cantilever arm of an excavator or other working device via the connecting bolts 8.

Das im Querschnitt als umgekehrtes U-Profil ausgebildete Grundteil 2 weist an der einen Seite nach hinten offene erste Aufnahmen 9 zur Aufnahme und Halterung eines ersten bolzenförmigen Kopplungselements und an der anderen Seite nach unten offene zweite Aufnahmen 10 zur Aufnahme und Halterung eines zweiten bolzenförmigen Kopplungselements auf. Die bolzenförmigen Kopplungselemente können z.B. an einem Anbaugerät oder einem am Anbaugerät befestigbaren Adapter angeordnet sein.The base part 2, designed in cross section as an inverted U-profile, has on one side rearwardly open first receptacles 9 for receiving and holding a first bolt-shaped coupling element and on the other side downwardly open second receptacles 10 for receiving and holding a second bolt-shaped coupling element . The bolt-shaped coupling elements can be arranged, for example, on an attachment or an adapter that can be fastened to the attachment.

Bei dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel enthält der Schnellwechsler 1 an der Rückseite des Grundteils 4 zwei voneinander beabstandete erste Aufnahmen 9 für das erste Kopplungselement und an der Vorderseite zwei voneinander beabstandete Aufnahmen 10 für das zweite Kopplungselement. Die nach hinten offenen ersten Aufnahmen 9 sind gabel- oder klauenförmig ausgeführt. Die nach unten offenen zweiten Aufnahmen 10 weisen eine gekrümmte untere Anlagefläche 11 zur Anlage des zweiten bolzenförmigen Kopplungselements auf. An den beiden Aufnahmen 10 an der Vorderseite des Grundteils 4 ist jeweils eine Verriegelungseinrichtung mit einem in einer Führungsbohrung 12 innerhalb des Grundteils 2 verschiebbar geführten und mittels eines Antriebs zwischen einer eingefahren Lösestellung und einer ausgefahrenen Verriegelungsstellung bewegbaren bolzenförmigen Verriegelungselement 13 vorgesehen. In der ausgefahrenen Verriegelungsstellung werden die nach unten offenen zweiten Aufnahmen 10 von den in den Führungsbohrungen 12 im Grundteils 2 verschiebbar angeordneten bolzenförmigen Verriegelungselementen 13 an der Unterseite geschlossen, so dass das zweite bolzenförmige Kopplungselement von den bolzenförmigen Verriegelungselementen 13 untergriffen und gehalten wird. Anstelle der bolzenförmigen Verriegelungselemente 13 können an dem Grundteil 2 des Trägers auch hakenförmige oder anders geformte Verriegelungselemente angeordnet sein.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the quick changer 1 contains two spaced apart first receptacles 9 for the first coupling element on the rear side of the base part 4 and two spaced apart receptacles 10 for the second coupling element on the front. The rearwardly open first receptacles 9 are fork-shaped or claw-shaped. The downwardly open second receptacles 10 have a curved lower contact surface 11 for the contact of the second bolt-shaped coupling element. On the two receptacles 10 on the front of the base part 4 there is a locking device with a bolt-shaped locking element 13 which is guided in a guide bore 12 within the base part 2 and can be moved by means of a drive between a retracted release position and an extended locking position. In the extended locking position, the downwardly open second receptacles 10 are closed on the underside by the bolt-shaped locking elements 13, which are arranged displaceably in the guide bores 12 in the base part 2, so that the second bolt-shaped coupling element is gripped under and held by the bolt-shaped locking elements 13. Instead of the bolt-shaped locking elements 13, hook-shaped or differently shaped locking elements can also be arranged on the base part 2 of the carrier.

Um mit Hilfe des Schnellwechslers 1 ein Anbaugerät anzukuppeln, wird der in der Regel an einem Ausleger eines Baggers angeordnete Schnellwechsler 1 zunächst so bewegt, dass das an einem Adapter oder direkt an dem Anbaugerät angeordnete erste Kopplungselement in die klauen- bzw. gabelförmigen Aufnahmen 9 auf der einen Seite des Schnellwechslers 1 eingefahren wird. Dann wird der Schnellwechsler 1 mit noch zurückgezogenen Verriegelungselementen 13 um das erste bolzenförmige Kopplungselement so geschwenkt, dass das zweite Kopplungselement am Adapter oder Anbaugerät zur Anlage an den Anlageflächen 11 der nach unten offenen Aufnahmen 10 auf der anderen Seite des Schnellwechslers 1 gelangt. Anschließend können die in den Führungsbohrungen 12 im Grundteil 2 des Trägers verschiebbar angeordneten Verriegelungselemente 13 hydraulisch ausgefahren werden, so dass das zweite bolzenförmige Kopplungselement von den beiden bolzenförmigen Verriegelungselementen 13 an dem Schnellwechsler 1 untergriffen und das Anbaugerät somit an dem Schnellwechsler 1 gehalten wird.In order to couple an attachment with the aid of the quick coupler 1, the quick coupler 1, which is usually arranged on the boom of an excavator, is first moved in such a way that the first coupling element arranged on an adapter or directly on the attachment into the claw-shaped or fork-shaped receptacles 9 one side of the quick coupler 1 is retracted. Then the quick changer 1 with the locking elements 13 still retracted is pivoted around the first bolt-shaped coupling element so that the second coupling element on the adapter or attachment comes to rest on the contact surfaces 11 of the downwardly open receptacles 10 on the other side of the quick changer 1. The locking elements 13, which are arranged displaceably in the guide bores 12 in the base part 2 of the carrier, can then be hydraulically extended, so that the second bolt-shaped coupling element engages under the two bolt-shaped locking elements 13 on the quick coupler 1 and the attachment is thus held on the quick coupler 1.

Wie aus den Figuren 1 und 2 hervorgeht, sind in den beiden Seitenwangen 3 des Trägers zwei gegenüberliegende hintere Durchgangsöffnungen 4 zur Aufnahme von ersten Lagerbuchsen 6 und zwei gegenüberliegende vordere Durchgangsöffnungen 5 zur Aufnahme von zweiten Lagerbuchsen 7 vorgesehen. Die hinten angeordneten ersten Lagerbuchsen 6 weisen einen Eingriffsteil 14 zum Eingriff in die hintere Durchgangsöffnung 4 und einen mit Gewindebohrungen 15 versehenen Befestigungsflansch 16 auf. Das Eingriffsteil 14 der hinteren Lagerbuchse 6 weist eine hier als Außensechskantprofil ausgebildete Außenkontur 17 zum formschlüssigen Eingriff mit einer entsprechenden, hier als Innensechskantprofil ausgebildeten Innenkontur 18 der hinteren Durchgangsöffnung 5 auf. Dadurch kann die erste Lagerbuchse 6 innerhalb der Durchgangsöffnung 4 um eine in Figur 1 gezeigte Achse 19 in unterschiedlichen Winkelstellungen gedreht und in einer bestimmten Stellung gegen Verdrehung gesichert in die Durchgangsöffnung 5 eingesetzt werden.As from the Figures 1 and 2 As can be seen, two opposite rear through-openings 4 for receiving first bearing bushings 6 are in the two side cheeks 3 of the carrier and two opposite front through openings 5 for receiving second bearing bushings 7 are provided. The first bearing bushes 6 arranged at the rear have an engagement part 14 for engagement in the rear through opening 4 and a fastening flange 16 provided with threaded bores 15. The engagement part 14 of the rear bearing bush 6 has an outer contour 17, here designed as an external hexagon profile, for positive engagement with a corresponding inner contour 18, here designed as an internal hexagon profile, of the rear through opening 5. As a result, the first bearing bush 6 can within the through opening 4 by an in Figure 1 The axis 19 shown can be rotated in different angular positions and inserted into the through opening 5 in a certain position secured against rotation.

In der ersten Lagerbuchse 6 ist eine zur Achse 19 exzentrische Aufnahmebohrung 20 vorgesehen. Die Mittelachse 21 der Aufnahmebohrung 20 ist gegenüber der Achse 19 versetzt, so dass die Position der Aufnahmebohrung 20 relativ zur Seitenwange 3 durch Drehung der ersten Lagerbuchse 6 verändert werden kann. Um die Durchgangsöffnung 5 sind in den Seitenwangen 3 mehrere mit den Gewindebohrungen 15 im Befestigungsflansch 16 fluchtende Durchgangsbohrungen 22 für Schrauben 23 angeordnet. Über die Schrauben 23 kann die in einer bestimmten Winkelstellung in die Durchgangsöffnung 4 der Seitenwange 3 eingesetzte Lagerbuchse 6 an der Seitenwange 3 befestigt werden.In the first bearing bush 6 a receiving bore 20 eccentric to the axis 19 is provided. The central axis 21 of the receiving bore 20 is offset with respect to the axis 19, so that the position of the receiving bore 20 relative to the side cheek 3 can be changed by rotating the first bearing bush 6. A plurality of through bores 22 for screws 23, which are aligned with the threaded bores 15 in the fastening flange 16, are arranged around the through opening 5 in the side cheeks 3. The bearing bushing 6 inserted in a certain angular position into the through opening 4 of the side cheek 3 can be fastened to the side cheek 3 via the screws 23.

Die Außenkontur 17 und die entsprechende Innenkontur 18 können zweckmäßigerweise als Mehrkantprofil ausgebildet sein. Die Verbindung zwischen der Lagerbuchse 6 und der Seitenwange 3 kann z.B. aber auch durch eine Außen- und Innenkerbverzahnung, durch ein Keilwellen- und Keilnabenprofil, oder durch ein Außen- und Innenpolygonprofil erfolgen.The outer contour 17 and the corresponding inner contour 18 can expediently be designed as a polygonal profile. The connection between the bearing bush 6 and the side cheek 3 can, for example, also be made by external and internal splines, by a splined shaft and splined hub profile, or by an external and internal polygonal profile.

Die vorne angeordneten zweiten Durchgangsöffnungen 5 in den Seitenwangen 3 sind als Langloch mit bogenförmigen Vertiefungen 24 an der Ober- und Unterseite ausgeführt. Die vorne angeordneten zweiten Lagerbuchsen 7 weisen einen ovalen Grundkörper mit einem Flansch 25 und einem Eingriffsbereich 26 zum formschlüssigen Eingriff in die vordere Durchgangsöffnung 5 auf.The second through-openings 5 arranged at the front in the side cheeks 3 are designed as elongated holes with arcuate recesses 24 on the top and bottom. The second bearing bushes 7 arranged at the front have an oval base body with a flange 25 and an engagement area 26 for form-fitting engagement in the front through-opening 5.

Wie aus Figur 2 ersichtlich ist, enthält der Eingriffsbereich 26 an seiner Ober- und Unterseite zu den Vertiefungen 24 korrespondierende bogenförmige Erhebungen 27. In der vorderen Lagerbuchse 7 ist ebenfalls eine Aufnahmebohrung 28 zur Aufnahme eines Befestigungsbolzens 8 angeordnet. Durch die Ausgestaltung der vorderen Durchgangsöffnung 5 und des Eingriffsbereichs 26 kann die Lagerbuchse 7 innerhalb der als Langloch ausgebildeten Durchgangsöffnung 5 an verschiedenen Stellen der Seitenwange 3 eingesetzt werden und ist dort gegen Verschiebung gesichert. Somit kann die Position der Aufnahmebohrung 28 relativ zur Seitenwange 3 einfach verändert werden.How out Figure 2 As can be seen, the engagement area 26 contains on its top and bottom sides corresponding to the depressions 24 arcuate elevations 27. In the front bearing bush 7 is also a receiving bore 28 for receiving a Fastening bolt 8 arranged. Due to the design of the front through opening 5 and the engagement area 26, the bearing bush 7 can be inserted within the through opening 5, which is designed as an elongated hole, at various points on the side cheek 3 and is secured there against displacement. Thus, the position of the receiving bore 28 relative to the side wall 3 can be changed easily.

Die Befestigung der vorderen Lagerbuchse 7 an der Seitenwange 3 erfolgt durch eine in Figur 1 gezeigte Haltescheibe 29, die an der Außenseite der Seitenwange 3 angeordnet ist und über Schrauben 30 mit der Lagerbuchse 7 verschraubt wird. Hierzu sind in der Haltescheibe 29 Durchgangsbohrungen 31 und in der Lagerbuchse 7 entsprechende Gewindebohrungen 32 vorgesehen. Über Befestigungselemente 33 und Gewindebohrungen 34 in den Seitenwangen 3 können die Befestigungsbolzen 8 an den Seitenwangen 3 fixiert werden.The attachment of the front bearing bush 7 to the side wall 3 is carried out by an in Figure 1 The retaining disk 29 shown, which is arranged on the outside of the side cheek 3 and is screwed to the bearing bush 7 by means of screws 30. For this purpose, through-bores 31 are provided in the retaining disk 29 and corresponding threaded bores 32 are provided in the bearing bush 7. The fastening bolts 8 can be fixed to the side cheeks 3 via fastening elements 33 and threaded bores 34 in the side cheeks 3.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

11
SchnellwechslerQuick coupler
22
GrundteilBasic part
33
SeitenwangeSidewall
44th
Erste DurchgangsöffnungFirst passage opening
55
Zweite DurchgangsöffnungSecond passage opening
66th
Erste LagerbuchseFirst bearing bush
77th
Zweite LagerbuchseSecond bearing bush
88th
BefestigungsbolzenFastening bolts
99
Erste AufnahmeFirst shot
1010
Zweite AufnahmeSecond shot
1111
AnlageflächeContact surface
1212th
FührungsbohrungPilot hole
1313th
VerriegelungselementLocking element
1414th
EingriffsteilEngaging part
1515th
GewindebohrungenThreaded holes
1616
BefestigungsflanschMounting flange
1717th
AußenkonturOuter contour
1818th
InnenkonturInner contour
1919th
Achseaxis
2020th
AufnahmebohrungMounting hole
2121
MittelachseCentral axis
2222nd
DurchgangsbohrungThrough hole
2323
Schraubescrew
2424
Vertiefungdeepening
2525th
Flanschflange
2626th
EingriffsbereichIntervention area
2727
ErhebungElevation
2828
AufnahmebohrungMounting hole
2929
HaltescheibeRetaining washer
3030th
Schraubescrew
3131
DurchgangsbohrungThrough hole
3232
GewindebohrungThreaded hole
3333
BefestigungselementFastener
3434
GewindebohrungThreaded hole

Claims (8)

Schnellwechsler (1) zum Wechseln von Anbaugeräten an einer Baumaschine, der einen Grundkörper (2) und parallele Seitenwangen (3) mit gegenüberliegenden ersten und zweiten Lagerbuchsen (6, 7) zur Aufnahme von Befestigungsbolzen (8) enthält, wobei zumindest zwei gegenüberliegende erste Lagerbuchsen (6) durch Drehung um eine zu einer Mittelachse (21) einer Aufnahmeöffnung (20) der ersten Lagerbuchse (6) versetzte Achse (19) in verschiedenen Winkelstellungen in erste gegenüberliegende Durchgangsöffnungen (4) in den Seitenwangen (3) einsetzbar sind und eine Außenkontur (17) für einen gegen Verdrehen gesicherten Eingriff in eine entsprechende Innenkontur (18) an den Durchgangsöffnungen (4) aufweisen und wobei die gegenüberliegenden zweiten Lagerbuchsen (5) in als Langloch ausgebildeten zweiten Durchgangsöffnungen (5) in den Seitenwangen (3) angeordnet und über eine Formschlussverbindung (24, 27) gegen Verschiebung gesichert sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Formschlussverbindung (24, 27) durch bogenförmige Vertiefungen (24) an der Ober- und Unterseite der zweiten Durchgangsöffnung (5) und entsprechende bogenförmige Erhebungen (27) an der zweiten Lagerbuchse (7) gebildet wird.Quick coupler (1) for changing attachments on a construction machine, which contains a base body (2) and parallel side cheeks (3) with opposing first and second bearing bushes (6, 7) for receiving fastening bolts (8), with at least two opposing first bearing bushes (6) by rotation about an axis (19) offset from a central axis (21) of a receiving opening (20) of the first bearing bushing (6) in different angular positions in first opposite through openings (4) in the side cheeks (3) and an outer contour (17) for an engagement secured against rotation in a corresponding inner contour (18) on the through openings (4) and wherein the opposite second bearing bushes (5) are arranged in second through openings (5) in the side cheeks (3) designed as elongated holes and over a form-fit connection (24, 27) are secured against displacement, characterized in that the form-fit connection (24, 27 ) is formed by arcuate recesses (24) on the top and bottom of the second through opening (5) and corresponding arcuate elevations (27) on the second bearing bush (7). Schnellwechsler (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Außenkontur (17) an den ersten Lagerbuchsen (6) und die Innenkontur (18) an den ersten Durchgangsöffnungen (4) als Mehrkantprofil ausgebildet sind.Quick changer (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer contour (17) on the first bearing bushes (6) and the inner contour (18) on the first through openings (4) are designed as a polygonal profile. Schnellwechsler (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Außenkontur (17) an einem in die erste Durchgangsöffnung (4) eingreifenden Eingriffsteil (14) der ersten Lagerbuchse (6) angeordnet ist.Quick changer (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer contour (17) is arranged on an engaging part (14) of the first bearing bushing (6) engaging in the first through opening (4). Schnellwechsler (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Lagerbuchse (6) einen mit Gewindebohrungen (15) versehenen Befestigungsflansch (16) zur Befestigung an der Seitenwange (3) enthält.Quick coupler (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first bearing bush (6) contains a fastening flange (16) provided with threaded bores (15) for fastening to the side cheek (3). Schnellwechsler (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die bogenförmigen Erhebungen (27) an einem in die zweite Durchgangsöffnung (5) eingreifenden Eingriffsteil (26) der zweiten Lagerbuchse (7) angeordnet sind.Quick changer (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the arcuate elevations (27) are arranged on an engaging part (26) of the second bearing bush (7) engaging in the second through opening (5). Schnellwechsler (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweiten Lagerbuchsen (7) über eine Haltescheibe (29) an den Seitenwangen (3) befestigt sind.Quick changer (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second bearing bushes (7) are fastened to the side cheeks (3) via a retaining washer (29). Schnellwechsler (1) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Haltescheibe (29) an der Außenseite der Seitenwange (3) angeordnet und über Schrauben (30) mit der zweiten Lagerbuchse (7) verschraubt ist.Quick changer (1) according to Claim 6, characterized in that the retaining disk (29) is arranged on the outside of the side cheek (3) and is screwed to the second bearing bush (7) via screws (30). Schnellwechsler (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Befestigungsbolzen (8) über Befestigungselemente (33) an den Seitenwangen (3) fixiert sind.Quick coupler (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the fastening bolts (8) are fixed to the side cheeks (3) via fastening elements (33).
EP21157045.2A 2020-03-02 2021-02-15 Quick change device for a construction machine Active EP3875692B1 (en)

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DE102020105460A1 (en) 2021-09-02
ES2954947T3 (en) 2023-11-27
CA3109025A1 (en) 2021-09-02
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CN113338373A (en) 2021-09-03
DK3875692T3 (en) 2023-08-07
AU2021200771B2 (en) 2024-05-16
AU2021200771A1 (en) 2021-09-16
US20210270005A1 (en) 2021-09-02
FI3875692T3 (en) 2023-08-02

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