EP3872412A1

EP3872412A1 - Refrigeration apparatus

Info

Publication number: EP3872412A1
Application number: EP21158054.3A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Yuichi MURASHIMA; Osamu Kosuda; Toyoaki KIYA; Kazuhiko Mihara; Kenji Kinjo; Toshiyuki Oinuma
Original assignee: Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-25
Filing date: 2021-02-19
Publication date: 2021-09-01
Also published as: JP7411929B2; JP2021134953A

Abstract

To provide a refrigeration apparatus capable of efficiently cooling a cooling apparatus without a shortage of the refrigeration capacity even when a hot water supply temperature is increased. A water pipe 50 includes: a first water pipe 51; a first branch point 52 where the first water pipe 51 branches midway; a first merging point 53; a second water pipe 54 connecting the first branch point 52 and the first merging point 53 through an auxiliary gas cooler 32; a third water pipe 55 connecting the first branch point 52 and the first merging point 53 through an intercooler 30 without merging with the second water pipe 54; a fourth water pipe 56 connecting the first merging point 53 and a main gas cooler 31; and a hot water supply pipe 57 connecting the main gas cooler 31 and a hot water supply destination. A refrigeration apparatus 1 includes a water feeding mechanism 60 disposed in a midway part of the water pipe 50.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a refrigeration apparatus, and more particularly, to a refrigeration apparatus capable of performing exhaust heat recovery by hot water supply.

Description of the Related Art

Conventionally, for example, many freezing or cold storage showcases have been installed in large stores such as supermarkets, and many refrigeration apparatuses that operate these showcases by using refrigerators have been used.
For example, there is disclosed, as such a refrigeration apparatus, a conventional technique in which a water pipe is connected to an intercooler and a gas cooler in parallel, the intercooler exchanges heat between a coolant supplied to the intercooler and a refrigerant discharged from a low-stage compression mechanism, and the gas cooler exchanges heat between the coolant supplied to the gas cooler and the refrigerant discharged from a high-stage compression mechanism (e.g., refer to Japanese Patent No. 497197 ).
However, in the above conventional technique, in order to increase a hot water supply temperature, it is necessary to reduce the flow rate of water flowing through the water pipe of the intercooler and the gas cooler. Thus, the reduction in the water flow rate reduces the heat-exchange performance, insufficient heat dissipation of the refrigerant occurs in the intercooler and the gas cooler, and the refrigerant temperature at the outlet side of the gas cooler rises, which disadvantageously results in a shortage of the refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration apparatus.
The present invention has been made in view of the above point, and an object thereof is to provide a refrigeration apparatus capable of efficiently cooling a cooling apparatus without a shortage of the refrigeration capacity even when a hot water supply temperature is increased.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a refrigeration apparatus configured to cool a refrigerant by heat exchange between the refrigerant and water, the refrigeration apparatus including: a low-stage compression mechanism; a high-stage compression mechanism; an expansion mechanism; an intercooler configured to cool the refrigerant discharged from the low-stage compression mechanism; a main gas cooler configured to cool the refrigerant discharged from the high-stage compression mechanism; an auxiliary gas cooler configured to cool the refrigerant that has passed through the main gas cooler; a water pipe constituting a flow passage of water for cooling the refrigerant, the water pipe including: a first water pipe; a first branch point where the first water pipe branches midway; a first merging point; a second water pipe connecting the first branch point and the first merging point through the auxiliary gas cooler; a third water pipe connecting the first branch point and the first merging point through the intercooler without merging with the second water pipe; a fourth water pipe connecting the first merging point and the main gas cooler; and a hot water supply pipe connecting the main gas cooler and a hot water supply destination; and a water feeding mechanism disposed in a midway part of the water pipe.
With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the outlet refrigerant temperature of the auxiliary gas cooler and the outlet refrigerant temperature of the intercooler to the vicinity of the incoming water temperature by allowing water to enter the auxiliary gas cooler and the intercooler in parallel.
According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the outlet refrigerant temperature of the auxiliary gas cooler and the outlet refrigerant temperature of the intercooler to the vicinity of the incoming water temperature by allowing water to enter the auxiliary gas cooler and the intercooler in parallel. As a result, the main gas cooler and the auxiliary gas cooler make it possible to sufficiently cool the refrigerant even with a low water flow rate.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a refrigeration apparatus in a first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a control configuration of the first embodiment;
Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing operation of the first embodiment; and
Fig. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a refrigeration apparatus of a second embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

A first invention provides a refrigeration apparatus configured to cool a refrigerant by heat exchange between the refrigerant and water, the refrigeration apparatus including: a low-stage compression mechanism; a high-stage compression mechanism; an expansion mechanism; an intercooler configured to cool the refrigerant discharged from the low-stage compression mechanism; a main gas cooler configured to cool the refrigerant discharged from the high-stage compression mechanism; an auxiliary gas cooler configured to cool the refrigerant that has passed through the main gas cooler; a water pipe constituting a flow passage of water for cooling the refrigerant, the water pipe including: a first water pipe; a first branch point where the first water pipe branches midway; a first merging point; a second water pipe connecting the first branch point and the first merging point through the auxiliary gas cooler; a third water pipe connecting the first branch point and the first merging point through the intercooler without merging with the second water pipe; a fourth water pipe connecting the first merging point and the main gas cooler; and a hot water supply pipe connecting the main gas cooler and a hot water supply destination; and a water feeding mechanism disposed in a midway part of the water pipe.
With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the outlet refrigerant temperature of the auxiliary gas cooler and the outlet refrigerant temperature of the intercooler to the vicinity of the incoming water temperature by allowing water to enter the auxiliary gas cooler and the intercooler in parallel. The main gas cooler and the auxiliary gas cooler make it possible to sufficiently cool the refrigerant even with a low water flow rate.
In a second invention, the refrigeration apparatus further includes: a control unit configured to control the water feeding mechanism; and an outlet-side water temperature sensor disposed on the hot water supply pipe, the outlet-side water temperature sensor being configured to detect an outlet-side water temperature of the main gas cooler, the water feeding mechanism controls a flow rate of the water pipe, and the control unit controls the water feeding mechanism on the basis of a detection value of the outlet-side water temperature sensor.
With this configuration, since the water feeding mechanism can regulate the flow rate of water flowing through the water pipe, it is possible to ensure a sufficient refrigeration capacity while performing hot water supply at a predetermined temperature.
In a third invention, the refrigeration apparatus further includes: an inlet-side water temperature sensor disposed on the first water pipe, the inlet-side water temperature sensor being configured to detect a temperature of water entering the auxiliary gas cooler and the intercooler; a refrigerant temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the refrigerant that has passed through the auxiliary gas cooler; a drain pipe connected to the fourth water pipe; and a first flow regulating mechanism configured to regulate a flow rate of water flowing to the main gas cooler and the drain pipe, and the control unit controls the first flow regulating mechanism.
With this configuration, since unnecessary water can be discharged by using the first flow regulating mechanism, it is possible to ensure a sufficient flow rate of water flowing into the auxiliary gas cooler and the intercooler while reducing the flow rate of water flowing into the main gas cooler. This makes it possible to perform hot water supply with water heated up to the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the high-stage compression mechanism while ensuring a sufficient refrigeration capacity.
In a fourth invention, the water feeding mechanism is disposed on the fourth water pipe between the first merging point and the first flow regulating mechanism.
With this configuration, since the water feeding mechanism is disposed on the fourth water pipe, exhaust heat from the water feeding mechanism can be used for hot water supply, and hot water supply can be more efficiently performed. Furthermore, water fed to the auxiliary gas cooler and the intercooler is not heated by the water feeding mechanism, and the temperature of water entering the auxiliary gas cooler and the intercooler can thus be reduced. This increases the efficiency of the compression mechanism, which makes it possible to increase the refrigeration capacity.
In a fifth invention, the refrigeration apparatus further includes: an external heat radiator connected to the drain pipe; a second merging point disposed on the first water pipe; and a fifth water pipe connecting the external heat radiator and the second merging point.
With this configuration, water flowing through the drain pipe can be cooled in the external heat radiator, and the cooled water is fed to the auxiliary gas cooler and the intercooler through the water pipe, which makes it possible to reuse water without discarding it and operate the refrigeration apparatus with a reduced amount of water.
In a sixth invention, the refrigeration apparatus further includes: an internal heat exchanger disposed between the auxiliary gas cooler and the expansion mechanism; a refrigerant branch point disposed downstream of the internal heat exchanger; a refrigerant merging point disposed at a suction side of the high-stage compression mechanism; a refrigerant return pipe connecting the refrigerant branch point and the refrigerant merging point through the internal heat exchanger; and a second expansion mechanism disposed upstream of the internal heat exchanger on the refrigerant return pipe.
With this configuration, the temperature of the refrigerant fed to the evaporator can be reduced by the internal heat exchanger exchanging heat between the refrigerant fed from the auxiliary gas cooler and the refrigerant expanded by the second expansion mechanism through the refrigerant return pipe, thereby making it possible to increase the refrigeration capacity. Furthermore, in the present invention, the outlet refrigerant temperature of the intercooler is reduced to the vicinity of the incoming water temperature by parallel water entry, which reduces the suction refrigerant pressure of the high-stage compression mechanism, that is, the refrigerant pressure inside the refrigerant return pipe after the refrigerant passes through the second expansion mechanism, thereby making it possible to further reduce the temperature of the refrigerant cooled by the internal heat exchanger. Thus, it is possible to further increase the refrigeration capacity.
Hereinbelow, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigeration apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 1, a refrigeration apparatus 1 is connected to a cooling apparatus that is cooled with a refrigerant fed from the refrigeration apparatus 1, and the cooling apparatus is, for example, a showcase that is installed in a facility such as a convenience store or a supermarket and cools chilled/frozen products displayed in the showcase.
In the present embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus 1 uses, as the refrigerant, carbon dioxide which brings a refrigerant pressure at the high-pressure side (high-pressure side pressure) equal to or higher than a critical pressure (supercritical). The carbon dioxide refrigerant is a natural refrigerant that is environmentally friendly and takes flammability and toxicity into consideration.
The refrigeration apparatus 1 includes a compressor 10. In the present embodiment, the compressor 10 includes two stages of compression mechanisms: a low-stage compression mechanism 11 and a high-stage compression mechanism 12.
Note that although, in the present embodiment, the compressor 10 includes the two stages of compression mechanisms: the low-stage compression mechanism 11 and the high-stage compression mechanism 12, an equal function can be obtained also by using two compressors as a low-stage compressor and a high-stage compressor.
The low-stage compression mechanism 11 is provided with a low-stage suction port 13 and a low-stage discharge port 14, and the high-stage compression mechanism 12 is provided with a high-stage suction port 15 and a high-stage discharge port 16.
A low-pressure refrigerant pipe 17, which is connected to an evaporator 40 of the cooling apparatus, is connected to the low-stage suction port 13, and a low-pressure refrigerant fed from the evaporator 40 of the cooling apparatus through the low-pressure refrigerant pipe 17 is fed to the low-stage compression mechanism 11 through the low-stage suction port 13.
The low-stage compression mechanism 11 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant sucked through the low-stage suction port 13 to increase the pressure thereof up to an intermediate pressure and discharges the refrigerant through the low-stage discharge port 14. The intermediate-pressure refrigerant compressed by the low-stage compression mechanism 11 passes through an intermediate-pressure discharge pipe 18, an intercooler 30, and an intermediate-pressure suction pipe 19, is sucked through the high-stage suction port 15, compressed by the high-stage compression mechanism 12 up to a high pressure, and discharged through the high-stage discharge port 16.
The intermediate-pressure discharge pipe 18, which is connected to the low-stage compression mechanism 11, is connected to an inlet side 30a of one flow passage of the intercooler 30.
The intermediate-pressure suction pipe 19 is connected to an outlet side 30b of the one flow passage of the intercooler 30, and the intermediate-pressure suction pipe 19 is connected to the high-stage suction port 15 of the high-stage compression mechanism 12.
A high-pressure discharge pipe 20 is connected to the high-stage discharge port 16 of the high-stage compression mechanism 12, and the high-pressure discharge pipe 20 is connected to an inlet side 31a of one flow passage of a main gas cooler 31.
An outlet side 31b of the one flow passage of the main gas cooler 31 is connected to an inlet side 32a of one flow passage of an auxiliary gas cooler 32 through a refrigerant pipe 21. An outlet side 32b of the one flow passage of the auxiliary gas cooler 32 is connected to an expansion mechanism 41 of the cooling apparatus through a refrigerant pipe 22. The evaporator 40 is connected to the expansion mechanism 41, and the low-stage compression mechanism 11 is connected to the evaporator 40.
A water pipe 50 is connected to the other flow passage of the auxiliary gas cooler 32, the other flow passage of the main gas cooler 31, and the other flow passage of the intercooler 30.
The water pipe 50 includes a first water pipe 51, a first branch point 52 where the first water pipe 51 branches midway, a first merging point 53, a second water pipe 54 which connects the first branch point 52 and the first merging point 53 through an inlet side 32c and an outlet side 32d of the auxiliary gas cooler 32, a third water pipe 55 which connects the first branch point 52 and the first merging point 53 through an inlet side 30c and an outlet side 30d of the intercooler 30 without merging with the second water pipe 54, a fourth water pipe 56 which connects the first merging point 53 and an inlet side 31c of the main gas cooler 31, and a hot water supply pipe 57 which connects an outlet side 31d of the main gas cooler 31 and a hot water supply destination.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the water pipe 50 is configured in such a manner that the second water pipe 54 and the third water pipe 55 are respectively connected to the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30 in parallel, and the second water pipe 54 connected to the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the third water pipe 55 connected to the intercooler 30 are connected in series to the main gas cooler 31 through the fourth water pipe 56.
The first water pipe 51 of the water pipe 50 is provided with, for example, a water feeding mechanism 60, such as a water feeding pump.
A first flow regulating valve 61 as the first flow regulating mechanism is disposed in a midway part of the fourth water pipe 56 into which the outlet side of the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the outlet side of the intercooler 30 are connected and merged. A drain pipe 58 is connected to the first flow regulating valve 61 at a position that is not connected to the water pipe 50.
Note that although, in the present embodiment, a three-way valve is used as the first flow regulating valve 61, an equal function can be obtained also by using two two-way valves as the first flow regulating valve 61.
The refrigerant pipe 22 is provided with a refrigerant temperature sensor 71 which detects a refrigerant temperature at the outlet side of the auxiliary gas cooler 32. The first water pipe 51 is provided with an inlet-side water temperature sensor 72 which detects the temperature of water entering the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30, and the hot water supply pipe 57 at the outlet side of the main gas cooler 31 is provided with an outlet-side water temperature sensor 73.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a control configuration of the present embodiment.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus 1 includes a control unit 70 which performs centralized control of the refrigeration apparatus 1. The control unit 70 controls driving of the compressor 10 and controls the opening degree of the expansion mechanism 41. The control unit 70 is configured to control driving of the water feeding mechanism 60 and the first flow regulating valve 61 on the basis of detection values of the refrigerant temperature sensor 71, the inlet-side water temperature sensor 72, and the outlet-side water temperature sensor 73.
Next, operation of the first embodiment will be described.
First, the compressor 10 is operated to suck, through the low-stage suction port 13 of the low-stage compression mechanism 11, the refrigerant fed from the evaporator 40 of the cooling apparatus, and the sucked refrigerant is compressed to the intermediate pressure by the low-stage compression mechanism 11 and discharged through the low-stage discharge port 14.
The refrigerant discharged through the low-stage discharge port 14 of the low-stage compression mechanism 11 flows into the intercooler 30 through the intermediate-pressure discharge pipe 18. The refrigerant is cooled by exchanging heat with water in the intercooler 30 and fed to the high-stage suction port 15 of the high-stage compression mechanism 12.
The refrigerant fed from the intercooler 30 is compressed by the high-stage compression mechanism 12, discharged through the high-stage discharge port 16, and fed to the main gas cooler 31.
The refrigerant fed from the high-stage compression mechanism 12 exchanges heat with water in the main gas cooler 31, then exchanges heat in the auxiliary gas cooler 32, and is fed to the evaporator 40 through the expansion mechanism 41.
In the present embodiment, the water pipe 50 is connected to the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30 in parallel and then connected in series to the main gas cooler 31.
Thus, water flowing through the water pipe 50 simultaneously flows to the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30 and then flows to the main gas cooler 31.
Thus, it is possible to reduce the outlet refrigerant temperature of the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the outlet refrigerant temperature of the intercooler 30 to the vicinity of the incoming water temperature by allowing water to enter the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30 in parallel.
The main gas cooler 31 and the auxiliary gas cooler 32 make it possible to sufficiently cool the refrigerant even with a low water flow rate.
Furthermore, since the water feeding mechanism 60 can regulate the flow rate of water flowing through the water pipe 50, it is possible to ensure a sufficient refrigeration capacity while performing hot water supply at a predetermined temperature.
Water in an amount unnecessary for hot water supply at the predetermined temperature can be discharged before flowing into the main gas cooler 31 by using the first flow regulating valve 61. Thus, it is possible to ensure a sufficient flow rate of water flowing into the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30 while reducing the flow rate of water flowing into the main gas cooler 31. This makes it possible to perform hot water supply with water heated up to the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the high-stage compression mechanism 12 while ensuring a sufficient refrigeration capacity.
Next, control operation of the first embodiment will be described.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the first embodiment.
As shown in Fig. 3, when flow rate control of water supply (hot water supply) is performed, the control unit 70 first sets the flow rate to an initial flow rate and starts operation (ST1).
Then, the control unit 70 acquires a target hot water supply temperature set value Tg, a current outlet-side water temperature Tout detected by the outlet-side water temperature sensor 73, an inlet-side water temperature Tin detected by the inlet-side water temperature sensor 72, and a refrigerant outlet temperature Tref detected by the refrigerant temperature sensor 71 (ST2).
The control unit 70 determines whether the refrigerant outlet temperature Tref is higher than the inlet-side water temperature Tin + tin1 (ST3).
When it is determined that the refrigerant outlet temperature Tref is higher than the inlet-side water temperature Tin + tin1 (ST3: YES), the control unit 70 performs control to increase the flow rate by using the water feeding mechanism 60 (ST4).
Then, until a flow rate control end signal is input (ST5: NO), the above control is continued.
On the other hand, when it is determined that the refrigerant outlet temperature Tref is lower than the inlet-side water temperature Tin + tin1 (ST3: NO), the control unit 70 determines whether the refrigerant outlet temperature Tref is lower than the inlet-side water temperature Tin + tin2 (ST6).
When it is determined that the refrigerant outlet temperature Tref is lower than the inlet-side water temperature Tin + tin2 (ST6: YES), the control unit 70 performs control to reduce the flow rate by using the water feeding mechanism 60 (ST7). Then, until the flow rate control end signal is input (ST5: NO), the above control is continued.
When it is determined that the refrigerant outlet temperature Tref is higher than the inlet-side water temperature Tin + tin2 (ST6: NO), the control unit 70 determines whether the outlet-side water temperature Tout is higher than the target hot water supply temperature set value Tg + tg (ST8).
When it is determined that the outlet-side water temperature Tout is higher than the target hot water supply temperature set value Tg + tg (ST8: YES), the control unit 70 performs control to increase the flow rate at the hot water supply side of the first flow regulating valve 61 (ST9). Then, until the flow rate control end signal is input (ST5: NO), the above control is continued.
When it is determined that the outlet-side water temperature Tout is lower than the target hot water supply temperature set value Tg + tg (ST8: NO), the control unit 70 determines whether the outlet-side water temperature Tout is lower than the target hot water supply temperature set value Tg - tg (ST10).
When it is determined that the outlet-side water temperature Tout is lower than the target hot water supply temperature set value Tg - tg (ST10: YES), the control unit 70 performs control to reduce the flow rate at the hot water supply side of the first flow regulating valve 61 (ST11).
When it is determined that the outlet-side water temperature Tout is higher than the target hot water supply temperature set value Tg - tg (ST10: NO), the above control is continued until the flow rate control end signal is input (ST5: NO).
Then, when the flow rate control end signal is input (ST5: YES), the flow rate control is finished.
As described above, according to the first embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus 1 includes the intercooler 30 which cools the refrigerant discharged from the low-stage compression mechanism 11, the main gas cooler 31 which cools the refrigerant discharged from the high-stage compression mechanism 12, and the auxiliary gas cooler 32 which cools the refrigerant that has passed through the main gas cooler 31. The water pipe 50 includes the first water pipe 51, the first branch point 52 where the first water pipe 51 branches midway, the first merging point 53, the second water pipe 54 which connects the first branch point 52 and the first merging point 53 through the auxiliary gas cooler 32, the third water pipe 55 which connects the first branch point 52 and the first merging point 53 through the intercooler 30 without merging with the second water pipe 54, the fourth water pipe 56 which connects the first merging point 53 and the main gas cooler 31, and the hot water supply pipe 57 which connects the main gas cooler 31 and the hot water supply destination. The refrigeration apparatus 1 includes the water feeding mechanism 60 which is disposed in the midway part of the water pipe 50.
With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the outlet refrigerant temperature of the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the outlet refrigerant temperature of the intercooler 30 to the vicinity of the incoming water temperature by allowing water to enter the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30 in parallel. Furthermore, the main gas cooler 31 and the auxiliary gas cooler 32 make it possible to sufficiently cool the refrigerant even with a low water flow rate.
In the present embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus 1 further includes the control unit 70 which controls the water feeding mechanism 60, and the outlet-side water temperature sensor 73 which detects the outlet-side water temperature of the hot water supply pipe 57 of the main gas cooler 31. The water feeding mechanism 60 controls the flow rate of the water pipe 50. The control unit 70 controls the water feeding mechanism 60 on the basis of a detection value of the outlet-side water temperature sensor 73.
With this configuration, the water feeding mechanism 60 can regulate the flow rate of water flowing through the water pipe 50, and it is possible to ensure a sufficient refrigeration capacity while performing hot water supply at the predetermined temperature.
In the present embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus 1 further includes the inlet-side water temperature sensor 72 which is disposed on the first water pipe 51 and detects the temperature of water entering the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30, the refrigerant temperature sensor 71 which measures the temperature of the refrigerant that has passed through the auxiliary gas cooler 32, the drain pipe 85 which is connected to the fourth water pipe 56, and the first flow regulating valve 61 which regulates the flow rate of water flowing to the main gas cooler 31 and the drain pipe 58. The control unit 70 controls the first flow regulating valve 61.
With this configuration, water in an amount unnecessary for hot water supply at the predetermined temperature can be discharged by using the first flow regulating valve 61. Thus, it is possible to ensure a sufficient flow rate of water flowing into the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30 while reducing the flow rate of water flowing into the main gas cooler 31. This makes it possible to perform hot water supply with water heated up to the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the high-stage compression mechanism 12 while ensuring a sufficient refrigeration capacity.
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
Fig. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, a water feeding mechanism 60 is disposed on a fourth water pipe 56 between a first merging point 53 and a first flow regulating valve 61.
Furthermore, an external heat radiator 80 is connected to a drain pipe 58, and the external heat radiator 80 merges with a second merging point 82 on a first water pipe 51 through a fifth water pipe 81.
Furthermore, an internal heat exchanger 83 is disposed between an auxiliary gas cooler 32 and an expansion mechanism 41. A refrigerant branch point 84 is disposed downstream of the internal heat exchanger 83, and a refrigerant merging point 85 is disposed at an inlet side of a high-stage compression mechanism 12. Refrigerant return pipes 86a, 86b which connect the refrigerant branch point 84, the internal heat exchanger 83, and the refrigerant merging point 85 are provided, and a second expansion mechanism 87 is disposed upstream of the internal heat exchanger 83 on the refrigerant return pipe 86a.
The other configurations are similar to those of the first embodiment. Thus, identical parts are designated by the same reference signs to omit redundant description.
Furthermore, since control of the water feeding mechanism 60 and the first flow regulating valve 61 is also similar to that of the first embodiment, description thereof will be omitted.
In the present embodiment, the water feeding mechanism 60 is disposed on the fourth water pipe 56. Thus, exhaust heat from the water feeding mechanism 60 can be used for hot water supply, and hot water supply can be more efficiently performed.
Furthermore, water fed to the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30 is not heated by the water feeding mechanism 60, and the temperature of water entering the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30 can thus be reduced. This increases the efficiency of the compression mechanism, which makes it possible to increase the refrigeration capacity. Furthermore, since the temperature of water entering the main gas cooler 31 can be increased using part of the amount of heat dissipated from the water feeding mechanism 60, it is possible to efficiently increase the water temperature up to a predetermined hot water supply temperature.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, water flowing from the fourth water pipe 56 to the drain pipe 58 through the first flow regulating valve 61 is fed to the external heat radiator 80 and cooled in the external heat radiator 80.
The cooled water is fed to the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30 through the fifth water pipe 81, the first water pipe 51, the second water pipe 54, and the third water pipe 55. This makes it possible to reuse water without discarding it and operate the refrigeration apparatus 1 with a reduced amount of water.
Furthermore, the temperature of the refrigerant fed to the evaporator 40 can be reduced by the internal heat exchanger 83 exchanging heat between the refrigerant fed from the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the refrigerant expanded by the second expansion mechanism 87 through the refrigerant return pipe 86a, thereby making it possible to increase the refrigeration capacity.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the outlet refrigerant temperature of the intercooler 30 is reduced to the vicinity of the incoming water temperature by parallel water entry, which reduces the suction refrigerant pressure of the high-stage compression mechanism 12, that is, the refrigerant pressure inside the refrigerant return pipes 86a, 86b after the refrigerant passes through the second expansion mechanism 87, thereby making it possible to further reduce the temperature of the refrigerant cooled by the internal heat exchanger 83. Thus, it is possible to further increase the refrigeration capacity.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the water feeding mechanism 60 is disposed on the fourth water pipe 56 between the first merging point 53 and the first flow regulating valve 61.
With this configuration, since the water feeding mechanism 60 is disposed on the fourth water pipe 56, exhaust heat from the water feeding mechanism 60 can be used for hot water supply, and hot water supply can be more efficiently performed.
Furthermore, water fed to the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30 is not heated by the water feeding mechanism 60, and the temperature of water entering the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30 can thus be reduced. This increases the efficiency of the compressor 10, which makes it possible to increase the refrigeration capacity.
In the present embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus 1 further includes the external heat radiator 80 which is connected to the drain pipe 58, the second merging point 82 which is disposed on the first water pipe 51, and the fifth water pipe 81 which connects the external heat radiator 80 and the second merging point 82.
With this configuration, the external heat radiator 80 enables water cooled by the external heat radiator 80 to be fed to the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the intercooler 30, which makes it possible to reuse water without discarding it and operate the refrigeration apparatus 1 with a reduced amount of water.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the refrigeration apparatus 1 further includes the internal heat exchanger 83 which is disposed between the auxiliary gas cooler 32 and the expansion mechanism 41, the refrigerant branch point 84 which is disposed downstream of the internal heat exchanger 83, the refrigerant merging point 85 which is disposed at the suction side of the high-stage compression mechanism 12, the refrigerant return pipes 86a, 86b which connect the refrigerant branch point 84 and the refrigerant merging point 85 through the internal heat exchanger 83, and the second expansion mechanism 87 which is disposed upstream of the internal heat exchanger 83 on the refrigerant return pipe 86a.
With this configuration, the temperature of the refrigerant fed to the evaporator 40 can be reduced by heat exchange in the internal heat exchanger 83, thereby making it possible to increase the refrigeration capacity. Furthermore, the outlet refrigerant temperature of the intercooler 30 is reduced to the vicinity of the incoming water temperature by parallel water entry, which reduces the suction refrigerant pressure of the high-stage compression mechanism 12, that is, the refrigerant pressure inside the refrigerant return pipes 86a, 86b after the refrigerant passes through the second expansion mechanism 87, thereby making it possible to reduce the temperature of the refrigerant cooled by the internal heat exchanger 83. Thus, it is possible to further increase the refrigeration capacity.
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and can be modified in various manners without departing from the gist of the present invention.
AS described above, the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention is suitably usable as a refrigeration apparatus capable of maintaining a sufficient refrigeration capacity even when the hot water supply temperature is increased. Furthermore, the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention is also suitably usable for hot water supply using hot water generated by heat exchange between a refrigerant and water, hot water supply used for, for example, hot water heating, and a hot water heating apparatus.

Reference Signs List

1: refrigeration apparatus
10: compressor
11: low-stage compression mechanism
12: high-stage compression mechanism
13: low-stage suction port
14: low-stage discharge port
15: high-stage suction port
16: high-stage discharge port
17: low-pressure refrigerant pipe
18: intermediate-pressure discharge pipe
19: intermediate-pressure suction pipe
20: high-pressure discharge pipe
21: refrigerant pipe
22: refrigerant pipe
30: intercooler
31: main gas cooler
32: auxiliary gas cooler
40: evaporator
41: expansion mechanism
50: water pipe
51: first water pipe
52: first branch point
53: first merging point
54: second water pipe
55: third water pipe
56: fourth water pipe
57: hot water supply pipe
58: drain pipe
60: water feeding mechanism
61: first flow regulating valve
70: control unit
71: refrigerant temperature sensor
72: inlet-side water temperature sensor
73: outlet-side water temperature sensor
80: external heat radiator
81: fifth water pipe
82: second merging point
83: internal heat exchanger
84: refrigerant branch point
85: refrigerant merging point
86a, 86b: refrigerant return pipe
87: second expansion mechanism

Claims

A refrigeration apparatus configured to cool a refrigerant by heat exchange between the refrigerant and water, the refrigeration apparatus characterized by comprising:
a low-stage compression mechanism (11);

a high-stage compression mechanism (12);

an expansion mechanism (41);

an intercooler (30) configured to cool the refrigerant discharged from the low-stage compression mechanism;

a main gas cooler (31) configured to cool the refrigerant discharged from the high-stage compression mechanism;

an auxiliary gas cooler (32) configured to cool the refrigerant that has passed through the main gas cooler;

a water pipe (50) constituting a flow passage of water for cooling the refrigerant,

the water pipe including:
a first water pipe (51);

a first branch point (52) where the first water pipe branches midway;

a first merging point (53);

a second water pipe (54) connecting the first branch point and the first merging point through the auxiliary gas cooler;

a third water pipe (55) connecting the first branch point and the first merging point through the intercooler without merging with the second water pipe;

a fourth water pipe (56) connecting the first merging point and the main gas cooler; and

a hot water supply pipe (57) connecting the main gas cooler and a hot water supply destination; and

a water feeding mechanism (60) disposed in a midway part of the water pipe.
The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising:
a control unit (70) configured to control the water feeding mechanism; and

an outlet-side water temperature sensor (73) disposed on the hot water supply pipe, the outlet-side water temperature sensor being configured to detect an outlet-side water temperature of the main gas cooler, wherein

the water feeding mechanism controls a flow rate of the water pipe, and

the control unit controls the water feeding mechanism on the basis of a detection value of the outlet-side water temperature sensor.
The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising:
an inlet-side water temperature sensor (72) disposed on the first water pipe, the inlet-side water temperature sensor being configured to detect a temperature of water entering the auxiliary gas cooler and the intercooler;

a refrigerant temperature sensor (71) configured to measure a temperature of the refrigerant that has passed through the auxiliary gas cooler;

a drain pipe (58) connected to the fourth water pipe; and

a first flow regulating mechanism (61) configured to regulate a flow rate of water flowing to the main gas cooler and the drain pipe, wherein

the control unit controls the first flow regulating mechanism.
The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the water feeding mechanism is disposed on the fourth water pipe between the first merging point and the first flow regulating mechanism.
The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising:
an external heat radiator (80) connected to the drain pipe;

a second merging point (82) disposed on the first water pipe; and

a fifth water pipe (81) connecting the external heat radiator and the second merging point.
The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising:
an internal heat exchanger (83) disposed between the auxiliary gas cooler and the expansion mechanism;

a refrigerant branch point (84) disposed downstream of the internal heat exchanger;

a refrigerant merging point (85) disposed at a suction side of the high-stage compression mechanism;

a refrigerant return pipe (86a, 86b) connecting the refrigerant branch point and the refrigerant merging point through the internal heat exchanger; and

a second expansion mechanism (87) disposed upstream of the internal heat exchanger on the refrigerant return pipe.