EP3868934A1 - Connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame - Google Patents
Connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3868934A1 EP3868934A1 EP20158476.0A EP20158476A EP3868934A1 EP 3868934 A1 EP3868934 A1 EP 3868934A1 EP 20158476 A EP20158476 A EP 20158476A EP 3868934 A1 EP3868934 A1 EP 3868934A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connecting rod
- profile
- connector
- elongated
- lugs
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03C—SHEDDING MECHANISMS; PATTERN CARDS OR CHAINS; PUNCHING OF CARDS; DESIGNING PATTERNS
- D03C1/00—Dobbies
- D03C1/14—Features common to dobbies of different types
- D03C1/144—Features common to dobbies of different types linking to the heald frame
Definitions
- the invention relates to a connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine, to a drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine comprising such a connecting rod, and to a method for manufacturing such a connecting rod.
- a shed forming device comprises several harness frames, which are moved up and down by means of a drive mechanism.
- the drive mechanism comprises several connecting rods and levers via which the harness frame is coupled to a drive motor.
- several drive motors are provided, in particular one drive motor for each harness frame.
- several or all harness frames are coupled to a common drive motor.
- connecting rods having a sufficient stiffness are necessary.
- a weight of the connecting rods, which are moved together with the harness frames shall be kept small.
- US 5,255,719 shows a connecting rod comprising a flattened tube and two connectors attached to either end of the flattened tube.
- Each connector comprises two lugs with a first section and a second section, wherein the first sections are arranged to allow assembly of a pivot intended for coupling of a corresponding lever.
- the second sections of the lugs are provided with two deformable blocking jaws, which penetrate inside the flattened tube and cooperate with spacer or expander screws accessible through perforations made in the wall of the flattened tube.
- WO 2020/001784 A1 shows a connecting rod comprising a hollow profile with a first end, and a connector attached to the first end of the hollow profile, wherein the connector comprises two plate-shaped lugs, each lug having a first section and a second section, wherein the first sections project from the first end and are arranged for connecting the connecting rod to an element of the drive mechanism, and wherein the second sections each have an attachment surface, wherein each attachment surface is complementary in shape to a one long side of the hollow profile and being glued to said long side of the hollow profile.
- a connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine which comprises an elongated profile with a first end, and a connector attached to the first end of the elongated profile, wherein the connector comprises two lugs, each lug having a plate-shaped distal section and a proximal section, wherein the distal sections are aligned in parallel with one another and are arranged for coupling the connecting rod to an element of the drive mechanism, wherein the proximal sections are at least partly connected to each other in the circumferential direction of the connector and together form a completely or at least partly circumferentially closed hollow structural part.
- a stiff connector is provided, thereby ensuring that the distal sections remain aligned to each other when handling the connector, in particular when attaching the connector to the elongated profile.
- the distal sections are arranged for coupling the connecting rod to an element of the drive mechanism.
- the distal sections are each provided with a coupling structure.
- the coupling structures in one embodiment are pins protruding in a perpendicular direction from the distal sections.
- the distal sections are each provided with an opening, wherein the two openings together function as a bearing, in particular a bearing for a hinge pin or a similar element.
- a protruding rim or chamfer is provided, which functions as a bearing or positioning aid for the element coupled to the connecting rod. Due to the connection of the proximal sections in the circumferential direction, the two coupling structures remain aligned upon handling of the connector.
- the distal sections are also at least partly connected in the circumferential direction. In other embodiments, the distal sections are separated from each other to allow an insertion of an element, which is to be coupled with the connecting rod, between the two parallel distal sections.
- the elongated profile in one embodiment is made of lightweight metal, in particular made of aluminum or aluminum alloy.
- the connector preferably differs in material and/or material thickness to ensure a higher stiffness.
- the connector is made of steel.
- the two lugs are each manufactured as a plate-shaped element, wherein the proximal sections are connected for example by means of a further plate-shaped element, which is welded to the proximal sections.
- the two lugs are provided on a common tubular base profile, wherein one end of the tubular base profile is slit for forming two distal sections separated by a gap. The opposite end of the tubular base profile forms the hollow structural part comprising the two proximal sections.
- At least one of the elongated profile and the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs has a rectangular cross-section having two long sides and two narrow sides.
- the two lugs are provided on a common tubular base profile having a rectangular cross-section with two long sides and two narrow sides, wherein at one end of the tubular base profile, the narrow sides are partly or entirely removed for forming two distal sections separated by a gap.
- the cross-sections of the elongated profile and the hollow structural part of the connector are geometrically similar allowing an insertion of the first end of the elongated profile into the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections or - in case the elongated profile is a hollow profile - an insertion of the proximal sections into the first end of the elongated profile, wherein the proximal sections are glued to the elongated profile.
- the elongated profile is a hollow profile, in particular a casted aluminum profile.
- the connector and the elongated hollow profile are connected with each other via an intermediate element, wherein a first end of the intermediate element is inserted in the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs and a second end of the intermediate element is inserted in the elongated hollow profile.
- the intermediate element in one embodiment is made of aluminum or steel, or any other metal or non-metal material, wherein in particular the material is chosen such that a glue connection of the intermediate element with both the connector and the elongated profile is possible.
- the intermediate element is a casted element made of aluminum.
- the intermediate element in one embodiment is a hollow part, in other embodiments it is a solid part to ensure a sufficient material strength.
- a cross-section of the elongated hollow profile and a cross-section of the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs are equal in shape and size.
- an intermediate element having mirror symmetry can be provided.
- a cross-section of the elongated hollow profile and a cross-section of the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs differ in shape and/or in size.
- an intermediate element having two different opposing ends is provided, wherein cross-sections of the opposing ends of the intermediate element are adapted to the cross-section of the elongated hollow profile and a cross-section of the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs, respectively.
- a center line of the elongated hollow profile is not aligned with a center line of the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs.
- the intermediate element is arranged to allow a connection of the elongated hollow profile and structural parts having unaligned center lines.
- the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs and the elongated hollow profile differ in height, wherein lower ends of the elongated hollow profile and the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs are aligned.
- the intermediate element is provided with a separation element for a defined positioning of the intermediate element in the first end of the elongated hollow profile and in the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs.
- the separation element forms two end stops for limiting an insertion of the intermediate element into the first end of the elongated hollow profile and into the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs.
- the intermediate element is connected using screws to at least one of the elongated hollow profile and the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs. In other embodiments, the intermediate element is glued to the first end of the elongated hollow profile and to the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs.
- the connecting rod is provided with only one connector or is provided with two connectors, which differ in type.
- two connectors are provided, which are attached to the first end and a second end of the elongated profile, respectively, wherein each connector comprises two lugs, each lug having a plate-shaped distal section and a proximal section, wherein the distal sections are aligned in parallel with one another and are arranged for connecting the connecting rod to an element of the drive mechanism, and wherein the proximal sections are at least partly connected to each other in the circumferential direction of the connector and together form a completely or at least partly circumferentially closed hollow structural part.
- the two connectors and the two intermediate elements can be chosen identical in design so that the number of different parts necessary for manufacturing the connecting rod is limited.
- a method for manufacturing a connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine comprises an elongated profile with a first end and a connector attached to the first end of the elongated profile, wherein the connector comprising two lugs, each lug having a plate-shaped distal section and a proximal section, wherein the distal sections are aligned in parallel with one another and are arranged for connecting the connecting rod to an element of the drive mechanism, and wherein the proximal sections are at least partly connected to each other in the circumferential direction of the connector and together form a completely or at least partly circumferentially closed hollow structural part, and wherein the connector is obtained from a tubular base profile.
- the connector is obtained from a tubular base profile having a rectangular cross-section, wherein the tubular base profile in one embodiment is machined for providing two distal sections separated by a gap. In addition or in alternative, a free end of the distal sections is machined for obtaining a desired shape.
- the elongated profile is a hollow profile, wherein the connector and the elongated hollow profile are connected with each other via an intermediate element, wherein a first end of the intermediate element is inserted in the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs and a second end of the intermediate element is inserted in the elongated hollow profile.
- the method in one embodiment further comprises a step of glueing the connector and/or the elongated hollow profile to the intermediate element.
- a drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine which comprises at least one connecting rod as described above and/or which is manufactured according to a method as described above.
- Fig. 1 shows a part of shed-forming device 1 for a weaving machine with a harness frame 2 and a drive mechanism 3 for the harness frame 2.
- a number of harness frames 2 and an equal number of drive mechanisms 3 are provided.
- one drive mechanism 3 is assigned to one harness frame 2 and is driven by a drive motor 4.
- Each harness frame 2 can move between an upper position and a lower position.
- the drive mechanism 3 for driving the harness frame 2 as shown in Fig. 1 comprises a crank 10 rotating about a crank axis 5, a connecting rod 11, and a first swivel lever 12 rotating about a first swivel axis 6.
- the first swivel lever 12 has a first arm 15, a second arm 16 and a third arm 17.
- the drive mechanism 3 further comprises a second swivel lever 13 rotating about a second swivel axis 7.
- the second swivel lever 13 has a first arm 18 and a second arm 19.
- the drive mechanism 3 further comprises a connecting rod 14 connecting the first arm 15 of the first swivel lever 12 to the first arm 18 of the second swivel lever 13, so that the second swivel lever 13 moves conjointly with the first swivel lever 12.
- the connecting rod 11 is connected to the third arm 17 of the first swivel lever 12 via a mounting element 8, which mounting element 8 can slide along the third arm 17 and is fixable in position at the third arm 17.
- the connecting rod 11 is linked to the crank 10 by a linkage joint 30, which linkage joint 30 is arranged eccentric to the crank axis 5. Further, the connecting rod 11 is linked via the mounting element 8 to the third arm 17 of the swivel lever 12 by a hinged joint 31.
- the harness frame 2 is coupled to the second arm 16 of the swivel lever 12 by means of a connecting rod 20 and a guiding element 21 that is guided in the weaving machine.
- the second arm 19 of the second swivel lever 13 is connected via a connecting rod 22 and a guiding element 23 to the harness frame 2.
- the guiding elements 21, 23 are preferably made of a lightweight metal, for example an aluminum alloy.
- first swivel lever 12 is linked to the connecting rod 20 by a first hinged joint 34, which connecting rod 20 is linked by a second hinged joint 35 to the guiding element 21.
- second swivel lever 13 is linked to the connecting rod 22 by a first hinged joint 36, which connecting rod 22 is linked by a second hinged joint 37 to the guiding element 23.
- the first swivel lever 12 is linked to the connecting rod 14 by a first hinged joint 32, while the second swivel lever 13 is linked to the connecting rod 14 by a second hinged joint 33.
- One, several or each of the connecting rods 11, 14, 20, 22 can be designed as a lightweight connecting rod comprising an elongated profile and one connector or two connectors attached to the elongated profile as described in more detail below with reference to Figs. 2 to 7 .
- at least the connecting rod 14 connecting the first swivel lever 12 to the second swivel lever 13 is designed as a lightweight connecting rod 14 comprising an elongated hollow profile 40 and two connectors 41, 43.
- the connector 41 is attached to the first end 42 of the hollow profile 40 and the connector 43 is attached to the second end 44 of the hollow profile 40.
- the hollow profile 40 is made for example of aluminum alloy.
- a fixation element 38 is provided on the connecting rod 14 for cooperating with a stabilizer (not shown). In other embodiments, no stabilizer is provided.
- the hollow profile 40 is deformed for example by hydroforming or in any other appropriate way, such that a height of the connecting rod 14 in the movement direction of the harness frame 2 is larger at a middle section, for example as known from BE 1016228 A3 .
- crank 10 the first swivel lever 12, the second swivel lever 13 and the guiding elements 21, 23 are also referred to as elements 10, 12, 13, 21, 23 of the drive mechanism 3.
- Embodiments of the connecting rod 14 are shown in more detail in Figs. 2 to 7 .
- Figs. 2 and 3 show a connecting rod 14 according to a first embodiment of the invention in a perspective view and in an exploded view, respectively.
- Fig. 4 shows a detail of Fig. 3 in enlarged scale in a different perspective view.
- the connecting rod 14 comprises a hollow profile 40 with an oblong cross-section having two long sides 45, 46 and two narrow sides 47, 48.
- the hollow profile 40 has a first end 42 and a second end 44, wherein a connector 41 is attached to the first end 42 and a connector 43 is attached to the second end 44.
- each connector 41, 43 is connected to the hollow profile 40 via an intermediate element 53.
- the connectors 41, 43 are made for example of steel and the intermediate elements 53 and the hollow profile 40 are made for example of aluminum or aluminum alloy.
- each connector 41, 43 comprises two lugs 51, 52.
- Each lug 51, 52 has a plate-shaped distal section 54, 56 and a proximal section 55, 57.
- the distal sections 54, 56 of the two lugs 51, 52 of each connector 41, 43 are aligned in parallel with one another and are arranged for coupling the connecting rod 14 to a further element, for example to the swivel levers 12, 13 shown in Fig. 1 .
- the distal sections 54, 56 are each provided with an opening 58, 59, wherein the two openings 58, 59 of one connector 41, 43 together function as a bearing, in particular a bearing for a hinge pin or a similar element.
- proximal sections 55, 57 of the two lugs 51, 52 of one connector 41, 43 are connected to each other in the circumferential direction of the connector 41, 43 and together form a completely closed hollow structural part 50.
- the connectors 41, 43 are each obtained from a tubular base profile having a rectangular cross-section with two long sides and two narrow sides, wherein in the region of the distal sections 54, 56 the tubular base profile is machined such that portions of the narrow sides are removed for providing two distal sections 54, 56 separated by a gap. After this machining a connector 41, 43 comprising a hollow structural part 50 having long sides 65, 66 and narrow sides 67, 68 remains. In addition, a free end of the distal sections 54, 56 is machined for obtaining a desired shape, for example a rounded end as shown in Figs. 2 to 4 .
- the elongated hollow profile 40 and the hollow structural part 50 of the connector 41, 43 formed by the proximal sections 55, 57 of the lugs 51, 52 each have a rectangular cross-section, however, the rectangular cross-sections differ in size.
- a height of the two long sides 65, 66 of the proximal sections 55, 57 of the connectors 41, 43 is smaller than a height of the two long sides 45, 46 of the elongated hollow profile 40, and for example, the width of the two narrow sides 67, 68 of the proximal sections 55, 57 of the connectors 41, 43 is almost the same as a width of the two narrow sides 47, 48 of the hollow profile 40.
- the lower sides of the two connectors 41, 43 and the lower side of hollow profile 40 are aligned, wherein the intermediate elements 53 function as adapters.
- the center line 70 of the elongated hollow profile 40 is not aligned with a center line 71, 73 of the hollow structural parts 50 formed by the proximal sections 55, 57 of the lugs 51, 52.
- the intermediate elements 53 have a shape that has no mirror symmetry.
- a first end 61 of the intermediate element 53 is inserted into the hollow structural part 50 formed by the proximal sections 55, 57 of the lugs 51, 52 and a second end 62 of the intermediate element 53 is inserted into the hollow profile 40.
- a separation element 63 is provided, which in use is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the connecting rod 14, wherein a first side of the separation element 63 facing the first end 61 functions as an end stop for the connectors 41, 43 and a second side of the separation element 63 functions as an end stop for the hollow profile 40 for a defined positioning of the intermediate element 53 in the hollow structural part 50 formed by the proximal sections 55, 57 of the lugs 51, 52 and in the first end 42 of the hollow profile 40.
- the connector 41, 43 is attached to the hollow profile 40 in the prolongation of the hollow profile 40 and is arranged in close proximity to the hollow profile 40, wherein a distance between a free end of the elongated hollow profile 40 and the proximal section of the lugs 51, 52 depends on a thickness of the separation element 63.
- the separation element 63 has a surface 64 covering an end 42, 44 of the hollow profile 40 next to the hollow structural part 50, which surface 64 is formed as the first end 61 and the second end 62 differ in size and are arranged mutually offset with respect to the separation element 63.
- the intermediate elements 53 are fixed to the first end 42 and the second end 44 of the hollow profile 40 and the hollow structural part 50 formed by the proximal sections 55, 57 of the lugs 51, 52 by glueing.
- Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of a connecting rod 14 in an exploded view.
- the connecting rod 14 shown in Fig. 5 is similar to the one shown in Figs. 2 and 3 . More particular, the connecting rod 14 shown in Fig. 5 is manufactured from the same elements as the connecting rod 14 shown in Figs. 2 and 3 , and for same elements, same reference signs are used. For a detailed description of these elements, reference is made to above.
- the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 differs from the embodiment shown in Figs. 2 and 3 in that the intermediate elements 53 are rotated by 180° about a longitudinal axis of the connecting rod 14, such that the upper sides of the two connectors 41, 43 and the upper side of the elongated hollow profile 40 are aligned.
- Figs. 6 and 7 shows in an unmounted state and a mounted state, respectively, a connector 41, an intermediate element 53 and a first end 42 of an elongated hollow profile 40 of a third embodiment of a connecting rod 11, 14, 20, 22.
- the connecting rod 11, 14, 20, 22 shown in Figs. 6 and 7 is similar to the one shown in Figs. 2 and 3 , and for the identical or similar elements the same reference signs are used. For a detailed description of these elements, reference is made to above.
- the hollow profile 40 and the hollow structural part 50 formed by the proximal sections 55, 57 of the lugs 51, 52 have the same height and are connected to each other via the intermediate element 53 such that their center lines 70, 71 are aligned, in particular the center line 70 of the elongated hollow profile 40 is aligned with the center line 71 of the hollow structural part 50.
- the hollow profile 40 and the hollow structural part 50 formed by the proximal sections 55, 57 of the lugs 51, 52 each have a rectangular cross-section.
- ribs 75 are provided, which protrude towards an interior space of the hollow profile 40.
- the second end 62 of the intermediate element 53, which is inserted into the first end 42 of the hollow profile 40 is adapted to the design of the inner surfaces of the hollow profile 40.
- the first end 61 of the intermediate element 53, which is inserted into the hollow structural part 50, is adapted to the design of the inner surfaces of the hollow structural part 50.
- the hollow structural part 50 formed by the proximal sections 55, 57 of the lugs 51, 52 has smooth inner surfaces
- the first end 61 of the intermediate element 53, which is inserted into said hollow structural part 50 has also smooth surfaces.
- the hollow structural part 50 can have ribs at inner surfaces and/or the hollow profile 40 can have smooth surfaces.
- the first end 61 and the second end 62 of the intermediate element 53 are identical in design.
- the connecting rod 14 has a connector 41, 43 provided at each side of the elongated hollow profile 40 of the connecting rod 14.
- Each connector 41, 43 has openings 58, 59 configured to cooperate with a hinged joint 32, 33, shown in Fig. 1 .
- the connecting rods 20, 22 can have a connector 41, 43 provided at each side of the connecting rod 20, 22 that is configured to cooperate with a hinged joint 34, 35, 36, 37, shown in Fig. 1 .
- the connecting rod 11, for example, can have only one connector 41 provided at one side of the connecting rod 11 configured to cooperate with the hinged joint 31, shown in Fig. 1 .
- the embodiment of Figs. 6 and 7 with an intermediate element 53 having mirror symmetry are in particular suitable for the connecting rods 11, 20, 22, while an intermediate element 53 having no mirror symmetry as shown in the embodiments of Figs. 2 to 5 is more suitable for a connecting rod 14.
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Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine, to a drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine comprising such a connecting rod, and to a method for manufacturing such a connecting rod.
- As generally known, a shed forming device comprises several harness frames, which are moved up and down by means of a drive mechanism. For each harness frame, the drive mechanism comprises several connecting rods and levers via which the harness frame is coupled to a drive motor. In one embodiment several drive motors are provided, in particular one drive motor for each harness frame. In other embodiments, several or all harness frames are coupled to a common drive motor.
- To allow for a weaving at high weaving speeds, and, thus, a movement of the harness frames with high speed and/or acceleration, connecting rods having a sufficient stiffness are necessary. On the other hand, a weight of the connecting rods, which are moved together with the harness frames, shall be kept small.
-
US 5,255,719 shows a connecting rod comprising a flattened tube and two connectors attached to either end of the flattened tube. Each connector comprises two lugs with a first section and a second section, wherein the first sections are arranged to allow assembly of a pivot intended for coupling of a corresponding lever. For a connection of the connector and the flattened tube, the second sections of the lugs are provided with two deformable blocking jaws, which penetrate inside the flattened tube and cooperate with spacer or expander screws accessible through perforations made in the wall of the flattened tube. -
WO 2020/001784 A1 shows a connecting rod comprising a hollow profile with a first end, and a connector attached to the first end of the hollow profile, wherein the connector comprises two plate-shaped lugs, each lug having a first section and a second section, wherein the first sections project from the first end and are arranged for connecting the connecting rod to an element of the drive mechanism, and wherein the second sections each have an attachment surface, wherein each attachment surface is complementary in shape to a one long side of the hollow profile and being glued to said long side of the hollow profile. - It is the object of the invention to provide a rigid, light-weight connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine. It is further the object of the invention to provide a method for manufacturing such a rigid, light-weight connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine.
- According to a first aspect of the invention, a connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine is provided, which comprises an elongated profile with a first end, and a connector attached to the first end of the elongated profile, wherein the connector comprises two lugs, each lug having a plate-shaped distal section and a proximal section, wherein the distal sections are aligned in parallel with one another and are arranged for coupling the connecting rod to an element of the drive mechanism, wherein the proximal sections are at least partly connected to each other in the circumferential direction of the connector and together form a completely or at least partly circumferentially closed hollow structural part.
- By providing two lugs, which at their proximal sections are connected to each other in the circumferential direction, a stiff connector is provided, thereby ensuring that the distal sections remain aligned to each other when handling the connector, in particular when attaching the connector to the elongated profile. The distal sections are arranged for coupling the connecting rod to an element of the drive mechanism. For this purpose, in embodiments, the distal sections are each provided with a coupling structure. The coupling structures in one embodiment are pins protruding in a perpendicular direction from the distal sections. In other embodiments, the distal sections are each provided with an opening, wherein the two openings together function as a bearing, in particular a bearing for a hinge pin or a similar element. At a circumference of the openings, in one embodiment a protruding rim or chamfer is provided, which functions as a bearing or positioning aid for the element coupled to the connecting rod. Due to the connection of the proximal sections in the circumferential direction, the two coupling structures remain aligned upon handling of the connector. In one embodiment, the distal sections are also at least partly connected in the circumferential direction. In other embodiments, the distal sections are separated from each other to allow an insertion of an element, which is to be coupled with the connecting rod, between the two parallel distal sections.
- The elongated profile in one embodiment is made of lightweight metal, in particular made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. The connector preferably differs in material and/or material thickness to ensure a higher stiffness. In one embodiment, the connector is made of steel.
- In one embodiment, the two lugs are each manufactured as a plate-shaped element, wherein the proximal sections are connected for example by means of a further plate-shaped element, which is welded to the proximal sections. In an alternative embodiment, the two lugs are provided on a common tubular base profile, wherein one end of the tubular base profile is slit for forming two distal sections separated by a gap. The opposite end of the tubular base profile forms the hollow structural part comprising the two proximal sections.
- In other embodiments, at least one of the elongated profile and the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs has a rectangular cross-section having two long sides and two narrow sides. In one embodiment, the two lugs are provided on a common tubular base profile having a rectangular cross-section with two long sides and two narrow sides, wherein at one end of the tubular base profile, the narrow sides are partly or entirely removed for forming two distal sections separated by a gap.
- In one embodiment, the cross-sections of the elongated profile and the hollow structural part of the connector are geometrically similar allowing an insertion of the first end of the elongated profile into the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections or - in case the elongated profile is a hollow profile - an insertion of the proximal sections into the first end of the elongated profile, wherein the proximal sections are glued to the elongated profile.
- In embodiments, the elongated profile is a hollow profile, in particular a casted aluminum profile.
- In one embodiment, the connector and the elongated hollow profile are connected with each other via an intermediate element, wherein a first end of the intermediate element is inserted in the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs and a second end of the intermediate element is inserted in the elongated hollow profile. The intermediate element in one embodiment is made of aluminum or steel, or any other metal or non-metal material, wherein in particular the material is chosen such that a glue connection of the intermediate element with both the connector and the elongated profile is possible. In one embodiment, the intermediate element is a casted element made of aluminum. The intermediate element in one embodiment is a hollow part, in other embodiments it is a solid part to ensure a sufficient material strength. By means of the intermediate element, the connector can be attached to the elongated hollow profile, such that the connector is arranged in close proximity to the elongated hollow profile without overlap.
- In one embodiment, a cross-section of the elongated hollow profile and a cross-section of the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs are equal in shape and size. In this case, an intermediate element having mirror symmetry can be provided.
- In other embodiments, a cross-section of the elongated hollow profile and a cross-section of the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs differ in shape and/or in size. In this case, an intermediate element having two different opposing ends is provided, wherein cross-sections of the opposing ends of the intermediate element are adapted to the cross-section of the elongated hollow profile and a cross-section of the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs, respectively.
- In one embodiment, a center line of the elongated hollow profile is not aligned with a center line of the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs. The intermediate element is arranged to allow a connection of the elongated hollow profile and structural parts having unaligned center lines. In one embodiment, the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs and the elongated hollow profile differ in height, wherein lower ends of the elongated hollow profile and the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs are aligned.
- In one embodiment, the intermediate element is provided with a separation element for a defined positioning of the intermediate element in the first end of the elongated hollow profile and in the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs. The separation element forms two end stops for limiting an insertion of the intermediate element into the first end of the elongated hollow profile and into the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs.
- In one embodiment, the intermediate element is connected using screws to at least one of the elongated hollow profile and the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs. In other embodiments, the intermediate element is glued to the first end of the elongated hollow profile and to the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs.
- In embodiments, the connecting rod is provided with only one connector or is provided with two connectors, which differ in type. In other embodiments, two connectors are provided, which are attached to the first end and a second end of the elongated profile, respectively, wherein each connector comprises two lugs, each lug having a plate-shaped distal section and a proximal section, wherein the distal sections are aligned in parallel with one another and are arranged for connecting the connecting rod to an element of the drive mechanism, and wherein the proximal sections are at least partly connected to each other in the circumferential direction of the connector and together form a completely or at least partly circumferentially closed hollow structural part. The two connectors and the two intermediate elements can be chosen identical in design so that the number of different parts necessary for manufacturing the connecting rod is limited.
- According to a second aspect, a method for manufacturing a connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine is provided, which connecting rod comprises an elongated profile with a first end and a connector attached to the first end of the elongated profile, wherein the connector comprising two lugs, each lug having a plate-shaped distal section and a proximal section, wherein the distal sections are aligned in parallel with one another and are arranged for connecting the connecting rod to an element of the drive mechanism, and wherein the proximal sections are at least partly connected to each other in the circumferential direction of the connector and together form a completely or at least partly circumferentially closed hollow structural part, and wherein the connector is obtained from a tubular base profile.
- In one embodiment, the connector is obtained from a tubular base profile having a rectangular cross-section, wherein the tubular base profile in one embodiment is machined for providing two distal sections separated by a gap. In addition or in alternative, a free end of the distal sections is machined for obtaining a desired shape.
- In one embodiment, the elongated profile is a hollow profile, wherein the connector and the elongated hollow profile are connected with each other via an intermediate element, wherein a first end of the intermediate element is inserted in the hollow structural part formed by the proximal sections of the lugs and a second end of the intermediate element is inserted in the elongated hollow profile.
- The method in one embodiment further comprises a step of glueing the connector and/or the elongated hollow profile to the intermediate element.
- According to a third aspect, a drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine is provided, which comprises at least one connecting rod as described above and/or which is manufactured according to a method as described above.
- In the following, an embodiment of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Throughout the drawings, the same elements will be denoted by the same reference numerals.
- Fig. 1
- shows a drive mechanism according to the invention;
- Fig. 2
- shows a connecting rod according to a first embodiment of the invention;
- Fig. 3
- shows the connecting rod of
Fig. 2 in an exploded view; - Fig. 4
- shows in an enlarged scale a detail of
Fig. 2 ; - Fig. 5
- shows a connecting rod according to a second embodiment of the invention in an exploded view;
- Fig. 6
- shows a connector, an intermediate element and an end of a hollow profile of a third embodiment of a connecting rod in an exploded view;
- Fig. 7
- shows the embodiment of
Fig. 6 in mounted state. -
Fig. 1 shows a part of shed-forming device 1 for a weaving machine with aharness frame 2 and adrive mechanism 3 for theharness frame 2. In a weaving machine, a number of harness frames 2 and an equal number ofdrive mechanisms 3 are provided. For example, onedrive mechanism 3 is assigned to oneharness frame 2 and is driven by adrive motor 4. Eachharness frame 2 can move between an upper position and a lower position. - The
drive mechanism 3 for driving theharness frame 2 as shown inFig. 1 comprises a crank 10 rotating about a crank axis 5, a connectingrod 11, and afirst swivel lever 12 rotating about a first swivel axis 6. Thefirst swivel lever 12 has afirst arm 15, asecond arm 16 and athird arm 17. Thedrive mechanism 3 further comprises asecond swivel lever 13 rotating about a second swivel axis 7. Thesecond swivel lever 13 has afirst arm 18 and asecond arm 19. Thedrive mechanism 3 further comprises a connectingrod 14 connecting thefirst arm 15 of thefirst swivel lever 12 to thefirst arm 18 of thesecond swivel lever 13, so that thesecond swivel lever 13 moves conjointly with thefirst swivel lever 12. The connectingrod 11 is connected to thethird arm 17 of thefirst swivel lever 12 via a mountingelement 8, which mountingelement 8 can slide along thethird arm 17 and is fixable in position at thethird arm 17. The connectingrod 11 is linked to the crank 10 by a linkage joint 30, whichlinkage joint 30 is arranged eccentric to the crank axis 5. Further, the connectingrod 11 is linked via the mountingelement 8 to thethird arm 17 of theswivel lever 12 by a hinged joint 31. - The
harness frame 2 is coupled to thesecond arm 16 of theswivel lever 12 by means of a connectingrod 20 and a guidingelement 21 that is guided in the weaving machine. Thesecond arm 19 of thesecond swivel lever 13 is connected via a connectingrod 22 and a guidingelement 23 to theharness frame 2. The guidingelements - Further, the
first swivel lever 12 is linked to the connectingrod 20 by a first hinged joint 34, which connectingrod 20 is linked by a second hinged joint 35 to the guidingelement 21. Similarly, thesecond swivel lever 13 is linked to the connectingrod 22 by a first hinged joint 36, which connectingrod 22 is linked by a second hinged joint 37 to the guidingelement 23. - The
first swivel lever 12 is linked to the connectingrod 14 by a first hinged joint 32, while thesecond swivel lever 13 is linked to the connectingrod 14 by a second hinged joint 33. - One, several or each of the connecting
rods Figs. 2 to 7 . Preferably, at least the connectingrod 14 connecting thefirst swivel lever 12 to thesecond swivel lever 13 is designed as a lightweight connectingrod 14 comprising an elongatedhollow profile 40 and twoconnectors connector 41 is attached to thefirst end 42 of thehollow profile 40 and theconnector 43 is attached to thesecond end 44 of thehollow profile 40. Thehollow profile 40 is made for example of aluminum alloy. - In the embodiment shown in
Fig. 1 , afixation element 38 is provided on the connectingrod 14 for cooperating with a stabilizer (not shown). In other embodiments, no stabilizer is provided. In alternative, in one embodiment thehollow profile 40 is deformed for example by hydroforming or in any other appropriate way, such that a height of the connectingrod 14 in the movement direction of theharness frame 2 is larger at a middle section, for example as known fromBE 1016228 A3 - In the context of the application the
crank 10, thefirst swivel lever 12, thesecond swivel lever 13 and the guidingelements elements drive mechanism 3. - Embodiments of the connecting
rod 14 are shown in more detail inFigs. 2 to 7 . -
Figs. 2 and 3 show a connectingrod 14 according to a first embodiment of the invention in a perspective view and in an exploded view, respectively.Fig. 4 shows a detail ofFig. 3 in enlarged scale in a different perspective view. - As shown in
Figs. 2 to 4 , the connectingrod 14 comprises ahollow profile 40 with an oblong cross-section having twolong sides narrow sides hollow profile 40 has afirst end 42 and asecond end 44, wherein aconnector 41 is attached to thefirst end 42 and aconnector 43 is attached to thesecond end 44. - In the embodiment shown, each
connector hollow profile 40 via anintermediate element 53. Theconnectors intermediate elements 53 and thehollow profile 40 are made for example of aluminum or aluminum alloy. - In the embodiment shown, each
connector lugs lug distal section proximal section - The
distal sections lugs connector rod 14 to a further element, for example to the swivel levers 12, 13 shown inFig. 1 . For this purpose, in embodiment shown, thedistal sections opening openings connector - The
proximal sections lugs connector connector structural part 50. - In the embodiment shown, the
connectors distal sections distal sections connector structural part 50 havinglong sides narrow sides distal sections Figs. 2 to 4 . - In the embodiment shown, the elongated
hollow profile 40 and the hollowstructural part 50 of theconnector proximal sections lugs long sides proximal sections connectors long sides hollow profile 40, and for example, the width of the twonarrow sides proximal sections connectors narrow sides hollow profile 40. In the embodiment shown inFigs. 2 to 4 , the lower sides of the twoconnectors hollow profile 40 are aligned, wherein theintermediate elements 53 function as adapters. In this embodiment, thecenter line 70 of the elongatedhollow profile 40 is not aligned with acenter line structural parts 50 formed by theproximal sections lugs intermediate elements 53 have a shape that has no mirror symmetry. - For attaching the
connectors first end 61 of theintermediate element 53 is inserted into the hollowstructural part 50 formed by theproximal sections lugs second end 62 of theintermediate element 53 is inserted into thehollow profile 40. Between thefirst end 61 and thesecond end 62 of the intermediate element 53 aseparation element 63 is provided, which in use is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the connectingrod 14, wherein a first side of theseparation element 63 facing thefirst end 61 functions as an end stop for theconnectors separation element 63 functions as an end stop for thehollow profile 40 for a defined positioning of theintermediate element 53 in the hollowstructural part 50 formed by theproximal sections lugs first end 42 of thehollow profile 40. Theconnector hollow profile 40 in the prolongation of thehollow profile 40 and is arranged in close proximity to thehollow profile 40, wherein a distance between a free end of the elongatedhollow profile 40 and the proximal section of thelugs separation element 63. Theseparation element 63 has asurface 64 covering anend hollow profile 40 next to the hollowstructural part 50, which surface 64 is formed as thefirst end 61 and thesecond end 62 differ in size and are arranged mutually offset with respect to theseparation element 63. - The
intermediate elements 53 are fixed to thefirst end 42 and thesecond end 44 of thehollow profile 40 and the hollowstructural part 50 formed by theproximal sections lugs -
Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of a connectingrod 14 in an exploded view. The connectingrod 14 shown inFig. 5 is similar to the one shown inFigs. 2 and 3 . More particular, the connectingrod 14 shown inFig. 5 is manufactured from the same elements as the connectingrod 14 shown inFigs. 2 and 3 , and for same elements, same reference signs are used. For a detailed description of these elements, reference is made to above. - The embodiment shown in
Fig. 5 differs from the embodiment shown inFigs. 2 and 3 in that theintermediate elements 53 are rotated by 180° about a longitudinal axis of the connectingrod 14, such that the upper sides of the twoconnectors hollow profile 40 are aligned. -
Figs. 6 and 7 shows in an unmounted state and a mounted state, respectively, aconnector 41, anintermediate element 53 and afirst end 42 of an elongatedhollow profile 40 of a third embodiment of a connectingrod rod Figs. 6 and 7 is similar to the one shown inFigs. 2 and 3 , and for the identical or similar elements the same reference signs are used. For a detailed description of these elements, reference is made to above. - In contrast to the embodiment of
Figs. 2 and 3 , in the embodiment shown inFigs. 6 and 7 thehollow profile 40 and the hollowstructural part 50 formed by theproximal sections lugs intermediate element 53 such that theircenter lines center line 70 of the elongatedhollow profile 40 is aligned with thecenter line 71 of the hollowstructural part 50. - In the embodiments shown, the
hollow profile 40 and the hollowstructural part 50 formed by theproximal sections lugs Figs. 3 ,5 and6 , at inner surfaces of thehollow profile 40ribs 75 are provided, which protrude towards an interior space of thehollow profile 40. Thesecond end 62 of theintermediate element 53, which is inserted into thefirst end 42 of thehollow profile 40 is adapted to the design of the inner surfaces of thehollow profile 40. Thefirst end 61 of theintermediate element 53, which is inserted into the hollowstructural part 50, is adapted to the design of the inner surfaces of the hollowstructural part 50. In the embodiments shown, the hollowstructural part 50 formed by theproximal sections lugs first end 61 of theintermediate element 53, which is inserted into said hollowstructural part 50, has also smooth surfaces. In other embodiments the hollowstructural part 50 can have ribs at inner surfaces and/or thehollow profile 40 can have smooth surfaces. In other embodiments, thefirst end 61 and thesecond end 62 of theintermediate element 53 are identical in design. - In the embodiments shown, the connecting
rod 14 has aconnector hollow profile 40 of the connectingrod 14. Eachconnector openings Fig. 1 . Similarly, the connectingrods connector rod Fig. 1 . The connectingrod 11, for example, can have only oneconnector 41 provided at one side of the connectingrod 11 configured to cooperate with the hinged joint 31, shown inFig. 1 . The embodiment ofFigs. 6 and 7 with anintermediate element 53 having mirror symmetry are in particular suitable for the connectingrods intermediate element 53 having no mirror symmetry as shown in the embodiments ofFigs. 2 to 5 is more suitable for a connectingrod 14. - The connecting rod, the method and the drive mechanism according to the invention are not limited to the embodiments described by way of example and illustrated in the drawings. Alternatives and combinations of the described and illustrated embodiments that fall under the claims are also possible.
Claims (15)
- Connecting rod for a drive mechanism (3) for a harness frame (2) of a weaving machine comprising an elongated profile (40) with a first end (42), and a connector (41) attached to the first end (42) of the elongated profile (40), wherein the connector (41) comprises two lugs (51, 52), each lug (51, 52) having a plate-shaped distal section (54, 56) and a proximal section (55, 57), wherein the distal sections (54, 56) are aligned in parallel with one another and are arranged for coupling the connecting rod (11, 14, 20, 22) to an element (10, 12, 13, 21, 23) of the drive mechanism (3), characterized in that the proximal sections (55, 57) are at least partly connected to each other in the circumferential direction of the connector (41) and together form a completely or at least partly circumferentially closed hollow structural part (50).
- Connecting rod according to claim 1, characterized in that the two lugs (51, 52) are provided on a common tubular base profile, wherein one end of the tubular base profile is slit for forming two distal sections (54, 56) separated by a gap .
- Connecting rod according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elongated profile (40) has a rectangular cross-section having two long sides (45, 46) and two narrow sides (47, 48).
- Connecting rod according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the hollow structural part (50) formed by the proximal sections (55, 57) of the lugs (51, 52) has a rectangular cross-section having two long sides (65, 66) and two narrow sides (67, 68).
- Connecting rod according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the elongated profile (40) is a hollow profile.
- Connecting rod according to claim 5, characterized in that the connector (41) and the elongated hollow profile (40) are connected with each other via an intermediate element (53), wherein a first end (61) of the intermediate element (53) is inserted in the hollow structural part (50) formed by the proximal sections (55, 57) of the lugs (51, 52) and a second end (62) of the intermediate element (53) is inserted in the elongated hollow profile (40).
- Connecting rod according to claim 6, characterized in that a cross-section of the elongated hollow profile (40) and a cross-section of the hollow structural part (50) formed by the proximal sections (55, 57) of the lugs (51, 52) differ in shape and/or in size, wherein in particular the intermediate element (53) has two different opposing ends (61, 62).
- Connecting rod according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a center line (70) of the elongated hollow profile (40) is not aligned with a center line (71, 73) of the hollow structural part (50) formed by the proximal sections (55, 57) of the lugs (51, 52).
- Connecting rod according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the intermediate element (53) is provided with a separation element (63) for a defined positioning of the intermediate element (53) in the first end (42) of the elongated hollow profile (40) and in the hollow structural part (50) formed by the proximal sections (55, 57) of the lugs (51, 52).
- Connecting rod according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the intermediate element (53) is glued to the first end (42) of the elongated hollow profile (40) and to the hollow structural part (50) formed by the proximal sections (55, 57) of the lugs (51, 52).
- Connecting rod according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that two connectors (41, 43) are provided, which are attached to the first end (42) and a second end (44) of the elongated profile (40), respectively, wherein each connector (41, 43) comprises two lugs (51, 52), each lug (51, 52) having a plate-shaped distal section (54, 56) and a proximal section (55, 57), wherein the distal sections (54, 56) are aligned in parallel with one another and are arranged for connecting the connecting rod (11, 14, 20, 22) to an element (10, 12, 13, 21, 23) of the drive mechanism (3), and wherein the proximal sections (55, 57) are at least partly connected to each other in the circumferential direction of the connector (41, 43) and together form a completely or at least partly circumferentially closed hollow structural part (50).
- Method for manufacturing a connecting rod (11, 14, 20, 22) for a drive mechanism (3) for a harness frame (2) of a weaving machine, which connecting rod (11, 14, 20, 22) comprises an elongated profile (40) with a first end (42) and a connector (41) attached to the first end (42) of the elongated profile (40), characterized in that the connector (41) comprising two lugs (51, 52), each lug (51, 52) having a plate-shaped distal section (54, 56) and a proximal section (55, 57), wherein the distal sections (54, 56) are aligned in parallel with one another and are arranged for connecting the connecting rod (11, 14, 20, 22) to an element (10, 12, 13, 21, 23) of the drive mechanism (3), and wherein the proximal sections (55, 57) are at least partly connected to each other in the circumferential direction of the connector (41) and together form a completely or at least partly circumferentially closed hollow structural part (50), and wherein the connector (41) is obtained from a tubular base profile.
- Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the elongated profile (40) is a hollow profile, wherein the connector (41) and the elongated hollow profile (40) are connected with each other via an intermediate element (53), wherein a first end (61) of the intermediate element (53) is inserted in the hollow structural part (50) formed by the proximal sections (55, 57) of the lugs (51, 52) and a second end (62) of the intermediate element (53) is inserted in the elongated hollow profile (40).
- Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the connector (41) and/or the elongated hollow profile (40) are glued to the intermediate element (53).
- Drive mechanism for a harness frame of a weaving machine comprising at least one connecting rod (11, 14, 20, 22) according to any one of claims 1 to 11 and/or which is manufactured according to a method as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 14.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP20158476.0A EP3868934A1 (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2020-02-20 | Connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP20158476.0A EP3868934A1 (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2020-02-20 | Connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame |
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EP3868934A1 true EP3868934A1 (en) | 2021-08-25 |
Family
ID=69740104
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EP20158476.0A Pending EP3868934A1 (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2020-02-20 | Connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5255719A (en) | 1991-05-15 | 1993-10-26 | S.A. Des Etablissements Staubli (France) | Connectors for joining connecting rods with levers for controlling heddle frames in weaving looms |
BE1016228A3 (en) | 2004-10-07 | 2006-05-02 | Picanol Nv | Dobby for weaving loom, includes hollow connecting rod made by hydroforming |
US20140238526A1 (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2014-08-28 | Staubli Faverges | Connecting rod for a weaving loom and weaving loom comprising this connecting rod |
WO2020001784A1 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | Picanol | Connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame |
-
2020
- 2020-02-20 EP EP20158476.0A patent/EP3868934A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5255719A (en) | 1991-05-15 | 1993-10-26 | S.A. Des Etablissements Staubli (France) | Connectors for joining connecting rods with levers for controlling heddle frames in weaving looms |
BE1016228A3 (en) | 2004-10-07 | 2006-05-02 | Picanol Nv | Dobby for weaving loom, includes hollow connecting rod made by hydroforming |
US20140238526A1 (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2014-08-28 | Staubli Faverges | Connecting rod for a weaving loom and weaving loom comprising this connecting rod |
WO2020001784A1 (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | Picanol | Connecting rod for a drive mechanism for a harness frame |
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