EP3866960A1 - Émulsion et émulsion multiple de pickering avec des particules de bois - Google Patents
Émulsion et émulsion multiple de pickering avec des particules de boisInfo
- Publication number
- EP3866960A1 EP3866960A1 EP19806021.2A EP19806021A EP3866960A1 EP 3866960 A1 EP3866960 A1 EP 3866960A1 EP 19806021 A EP19806021 A EP 19806021A EP 3866960 A1 EP3866960 A1 EP 3866960A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- particles
- wood
- wood particles
- phase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 216
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 241001070941 Castanea Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000014036 Castanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000219492 Quercus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001070947 Fagus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 94
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 69
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 19
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- NZZFYRREKKOMAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N diiodomethane Chemical compound ICI NZZFYRREKKOMAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012632 extractable Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005501 phase interface Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000020551 Helianthus annuus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NDJKXXJCMXVBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC NDJKXXJCMXVBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002634 lipophilic molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC BKIMMITUMNQMOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001133760 Acoelorraphe Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003320 Adansonia digitata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000056971 Adansonia gregorii Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003319 Adansonia gregorii Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144725 Amygdalus communis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011437 Amygdalus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000226021 Anacardium occidentale Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000272814 Anser sp. Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000125300 Argania sideroxylon Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005343 Azadirachta indica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007689 Borago officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004355 Borago officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016401 Camelina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000197813 Camelina sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003255 Carthamus tinctorius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000020518 Carthamus tinctorius Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000009226 Corylus americana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001543 Corylus americana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000007466 Corylus avellana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000009355 Dianthus caryophyllus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006497 Dianthus caryophyllus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000408747 Lepomis gibbosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000018330 Macadamia integrifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003800 Macadamia tetraphylla Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000912 Macadamia tetraphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013500 Melia azadirachta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004165 Methyl ester of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000183331 Nephelium lappaceum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000219925 Oenothera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004496 Oenothera biennis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010678 Paulownia tomentosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002834 Paulownia tomentosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008673 Persea americana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000025272 Persea americana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003447 Pistacia vera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006711 Pistacia vera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010582 Pisum sativum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004713 Pisum sativum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001300674 Plukenetia volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012377 Salvia columbariae var. columbariae Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005481 Salvia hispanica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001498 Salvia hispanica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000040738 Sesamum orientale Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020224 almond Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020226 cashew nut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014167 chia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010730 cutting oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- RARMCIVPBIPKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCCCCCCCCC RARMCIVPBIPKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PPAFDTIQCIVDKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC.CCCCCCCCCCCC PPAFDTIQCIVDKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940013317 fish oils Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002949 hemolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000016507 interphase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002029 lignocellulosic biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940038384 octadecane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020233 pistachio Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021251 pulses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020236 pumpkin seed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000007861 rambutan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008521 reorganization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K8/06—Emulsions
- A61K8/066—Multiple emulsions, e.g. water-in-oil-in-water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
Definitions
- the invention relates to an emulsion or multiple emulsion composition which contains wood particles capable of stabilizing said emulsion.
- An emulsion is of the type:
- Oil in water when the dispersing phase is an aqueous phase and the dispersed phase is an organic phase (or in other words hydrophobic or oily).
- Such an emulsion is commonly designated by the acronym “H / E” or by the expression “direct emulsion”;
- Water in oil when the dispersing phase is an organic phase (hydrophobic or oily) and the dispersed phase is an aqueous phase.
- Such an emulsion is commonly designated by the acronym “W / O” or by the expression “reverse emulsion”.
- Oil in water in oil designated by the acronym H / E / H.
- This type of emulsion can be obtained by introducing an oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion in oil with stirring;
- Water in oil in water designated by the acronym W / M / W.
- This type of emulsion can be obtained by introducing a water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion in water with stirring.
- An emulsion is a physical state of a composition which is not stable: the dispersed phase tends to combine to form a single continuous whole, in particular due to the difference in density between the dispersing phase and the phase scattered.
- stabilizing compounds which give the emulsion rheological properties capable of slowing the phenomenon of coalescence, or else emulsifying compounds.
- Emulsifying compounds are conventionally small molecular weight surfactant molecules or macromolecules (synthetic polymers, biopolymers or soluble proteins), capable of organizing into micelles by placing themselves at the dispersing phase / dispersed phase interface during the emulsification processes. so as to stabilize the organic or aqueous dispersed droplets depending on whether it is a direct emulsion or an inverse emulsion.
- surfactants do not always offer the desired stability over time.
- surfactants can consist of the use of solid particles, which make it possible to obtain so-called “Pickering emulsion” emulsions.
- Pickering emulsions are therefore emulsions devoid of surfactants, and which are stabilized by colloidal suspended particles which are anchored at the dispersed phase / dispersing phase interface.
- patent application FR 2 962 662 A1 discloses a composition in the form of a Pickering emulsion the emulsifying particles of which are cellulose nanocrystals.
- biobased particles are generally not used "as such” or in other words in their natural state in Pickering emulsions. They require transformation steps, for example:
- bio-based particles known to date for stabilizing Pickering emulsions have certain drawbacks.
- the inventors of the present invention have sought to develop new emulsions which fulfill these objectives and have discovered, quite surprisingly, that wood particles make it possible to stabilize direct, reverse and even multiple emulsions.
- the first object of the invention is a composition in the form of an emulsion or multiple emulsion comprising at least one phase dispersed in at least one dispersing phase, as well as emulsifying particles capable of stabilizing said emulsion, said composition is characterized in that the emulsifying particles are particles of wood.
- the emulsion is a Pickering emulsion.
- the emulsion can be a direct oil in water emulsion (O / W) or a reverse water in oil emulsion (W / O).
- the multiple emulsion can be an oil in water in oil (O / W / O) emulsion or a water in oil in water (W / O / W) emulsion.
- Wood is the source of raw material for particles capable of stabilizing the emulsion.
- the composition according to the invention thus has the advantage of comprising particles which come from a biodegradable biomass.
- Wood which is an integral part of lignocellulosic biomass, constitutes a renewable and biodegradable resource abundant on Earth. 44.5% of the biomass produced by forests is currently not exploited and is therefore available for new uses. The wood industry is also a source of interest, because lignocellulosic by-products from forests are currently still little valued, unlike the powders from the vegetable fiber industry which are used for animal feed. or fertilizing plants.
- the lignocellulosic plant material of wood constitutes a source of emulsifying material which is particularly suitable for Pickering emulsions.
- the wood particles are strongly anchored at the interface of the emulsion; which makes it very robust.
- the wood particles can be of any kind of wood. Without this being limiting of the present invention, it can be hardwood or softwood, for example chestnut, oak, spruce or beech.
- Wood leading to particle production can be obtained from co-products and waste from the logging and wood industry. For example, these are sawdust, sawmill chips, machining shavings, sanding dust and scrap.
- the compositions according to the invention thus confer on this biomass that is wood which is little exploited but available in a way abundant, an added value that is greater than that of incineration and combustion.
- the wood particles have been carbonized by hydrothermal treatment. It can be wood particles obtained from carbonized wood by hydrothermal treatment, wood particles contained in the residual washing waters from hydrothermal wood carbonization processes.
- the wood particles can also be prepared according to a process derived from the papermaking processes sequentially involving a mechanical pulping of the chips by thermomechanical defibering and refining (defibering steps, then advanced refining), a low consistency destructuring up to obtaining an average fiber length of 200 ⁇ m, whether or not followed, depending on the desired particle size and the level of polydispersity in size of the particles produced, of stages of homogenization.
- the wood chips are steamed, then mechanically destructured by thermomechanical defibering in a high consistency disc refiner. This step is followed by a refining which allows the fibers, for the vast majority individualized, to be obtained with 30% dry matter.
- the wood pulp is subjected to intensive refining. Any refining technique can be applied.
- low consistency refining 4% dry matter
- the parameters adjusted are: the types of linings, the air gap and the power applied.
- the low consistency refining is prolonged until a hyper-refined wood pulp is obtained, the average length of the fibers of which is at most 200 ⁇ m.
- this hyper-refined paste can be homogenized.
- One to five stages of homogenization can be applied using a homogenizer with pressures varying between 1000 to 1500 bars.
- wood particles are obtained in the form of a suspension of wood particles, wood pulp or more hyper-refined wood pulp.
- the wood particles may be in the free form or of a suspension of wood particles or of a wood pulp or else of a hyper-refined wood pulp.
- compositions according to the invention have the advantage of being available in the form of a whole panel of emulsions. Indeed, one can select a type of wood particles according to the desired emulsion (namely reverse or direct emulsion or even multiple emulsion).
- the lignocellulosic plant material of wood consists of a complex assembly of:
- extractables such as polyphenols
- composition of the wood particles in particular on the surface of the particles, conditions the surface polarity of the particles:
- particles with a high surface affinity for water are hydrophilic
- particles with a high surface affinity for an oil are hydrophobic (or in other words lipophilic).
- wood particles can have a hydrophilic or hydrophobic character.
- the wood particle is hydrophilic
- the wood particle is hydrophobic.
- wood particles can have an amphiphilic nature. Indeed, when such wood particles are dispersed in an aqueous phase, they have a hydrophilic character. When they are dehydrated, they become dispersible in an organic phase and they have a hydrophobic character. In other words, these particles of wood can be dispersed in a dispersing phase, and whether said dispersing phase is aqueous or organic.
- the wood particles can exhibit variable surface chemistry for the stabilization of emulsions.
- the wood particles are not modified and naturally exhibit a hydrophilic, hydrophobic or even amphiphilic nature.
- this reversal of polarity of the wood particles can be carried out by solvent exchange.
- ethanol which is miscible both in water and in decane can be used as an intermediate phase. After dispersing the wood particles having a hydrophilic character in water, they are subjected to successive washes with slight stirring (for example with a magnetic bar), starting with 100% of aqueous phase and gradually increasing to 100% ethanol. Then, successive washes are carried out with ethanol / decane mixtures by gradually increasing the decane content up to 100%. The wood particles are then recovered. They then have a hydrophobic character and can thus be dispersed correctly in a hydrophobic dispersing phase.
- composition according to the invention can also advantageously have the following technical characteristics detailed below, taken in combination or independently of one another:
- Wood particles can be in the form of powders. It can be a suspension of wood particles.
- the size of the wood particles can be between 100 nm and 40 ⁇ m, preferably between 120 nm and 200 nm, even more preferably between 140 nm and 160 nm.
- the term “particle size” is understood to mean that at least one dimension of said particles lies within the intervals as described above.
- the particles of wood have a spherical or quasi-spherical shape, it is their diameter which is included in the abovementioned intervals.
- the wood particles advantageously have a size less than or equal to 40 ⁇ m. They are present at the dispersed and dispersing phase interface.
- the wood particles have a uniform size distribution.
- Their polydispersity index can be between 0.01 and 1, preferably between 0.1 and 0.3, even more preferably between 0.1 and 0.25.
- the wood particles may have been obtained by a manufacturing process comprising at least one grinding step.
- the wood particles were obtained from a manufacturing process which comprises at least the following steps:
- a first stage comprising dry grinding and / or wet grinding, the dry grinding being followed by wet grinding when said first stage comprises these two grindings;
- a 2 nd step comprising centrifugation and / or filtration, centrifugation being followed by filtration when said 2 nd step comprises centrifugation and filtration.
- the wood particles were obtained from a manufacturing process which comprises at least the following steps:
- a filtration step is carried out.
- the wood particles are thus advantageously obtained by an alternating manufacturing process of mechanical destructuring (that is to say the stages of dry and / or wet grinding) and stages of selection of size of said particles (it is ie the sieving, centrifugation and filtration steps), with the advantage that there is no production of chemical residues.
- This anisotropy originates from the very nature of the lignocellulosic raw material of wood. Indeed, as explained above, this raw material is a complex mixture of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose polymers and extractables, the contents of which vary according to the plant species considered and which has a certain resistance to heterogeneous defragmentation.
- Step 2) of ier screening can be performed with a screen configured to retrieve sawdust sizes less than or equal to 1mm, preferably less than or equal to 0.5 mm.
- Step 3) of dry grinding can be carried out in a knife mill, for example for a period of between 10 and 12 minutes at a speed of between 4,000 rpm and 5,000 rpm.
- a knife mill for example for a period of between 10 and 12 minutes at a speed of between 4,000 rpm and 5,000 rpm.
- other dry grinding devices equivalent to the knife mill can be envisaged in the context of the invention and are perfectly within the reach of those skilled in the art.
- it is a ball mill.
- step 3) of dry grinding wood particles of sizes less than or equal to 250 ⁇ m are obtained.
- step 4) 2 -th screening can be performed with a column sieving with sieves of 250, 125 and 40 microns which are superimposed. This makes it possible to recover wood particles of sizes less than or equal to 40 ⁇ m.
- Step 5 of wet grinding can be carried out in a rotor-stator type grinder for a period of between 30 seconds and 20 minutes at a speed of between 3,000 rpm and 24,000 rpm.
- a rotor-stator type grinder for a period of between 30 seconds and 20 minutes at a speed of between 3,000 rpm and 24,000 rpm.
- wet grinding devices can be envisaged in the context of the invention and are perfectly within the reach of those skilled in the art. It can be a colloid mill, high pressure homogenizer, ball mill, ultrasonic probe, tubular ultrasonic reactor.
- the wet milling step is used to modify the relative distribution in particle size that has been retrieved in the previous steps to dry milling and sieving 2 -th.
- the quantity of particles of size less than 1 ⁇ m is increased compared to the quantity of particles of size greater than 1 ⁇ m.
- step 5 wood particles of sizes less than or equal to 40 ⁇ m are obtained.
- This wet grinding step makes it possible to multiply by 2.3 the quantity of solid particles of size less than 450 nm.
- Step 6) of centrifugation can be carried out in a centrifuge for a period of between 30 seconds and 30 minutes at a speed of between 98 ms 2 g and 206,000 ms 2 .
- step 6 wood particles of sizes less than or equal to 1 ⁇ m, preferably less than or equal to 600 nm, are obtained.
- Step 7) of filtration can be carried out with a series of filters, for example filters of cellulose acetate and cellulose nitrate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethersulfone and is configured to recover wood particles of sizes less than or equal to 5.1. , 2 and 0.45 pm.
- filters of cellulose acetate and cellulose nitrate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethersulfone for example filters of cellulose acetate and cellulose nitrate, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethersulfone and is configured to recover wood particles of sizes less than or equal to 5.1. , 2 and 0.45 pm.
- step 7 At the end of step 7) of filtration, among the wood particles recovered, 100% of these particles have a size less than or equal to 450 nm.
- the method for manufacturing wood particles comprises the following steps:
- a 1st sieving step is carried out so as to recover sawdust of sizes less than or equal to 0.5 mm;
- dry grinding is carried out in a knife mill for approximately 10 minutes at a speed of 5000 revolutions / minute so as to recover wood particles of sizes less than or equal to 250 ⁇ m;
- a 2 nd sieving step is carried out so as to recover wood particles of sizes less than or equal to 40 ⁇ m;
- wet grinding is carried out in a rotor-stator type mill for approximately 10 minutes at a speed of 5000 revolutions / minute;
- a centrifugation step is carried out for 8 minutes at a speed of 68,600 ms 2 in a centrifuge so as to recover wood particles of sizes less than or equal to 1 ⁇ m;
- a filtration step is carried out with a cellulose acetate filter configured to recover wood particles of sizes less than or equal to 450 nm.
- the dispersed phase can be an organic phase or an aqueous phase
- the dispersing phase can be an organic phase or an aqueous phase.
- vegetable oils for example: rapeseed, soya, sunflower, high oleic sunflower, castor, flax, camelina and chia, almond, peanut, argan, avocado, lorenzo, neem, hazelnut, cashew, macadamia nut, nlive, pistachio , rice, sacha inchi, borage, safflower, hemp, cotton, wheat germ, corn, nuts, carnation, evening primrose, barley, pumpkin seeds, grape seeds, peas, sesame, coconut, palm kernel, rambutan, baobab, tung. ..);
- vegetable oils for example: rapeseed, soya, sunflower, high oleic sunflower, castor, flax, camelina and chia, almond, peanut, argan, avocado, lorenzo, neem, hazelnut, cashew, macadamia nut, nlive, pistachio , rice, sacha inchi,
- animal oils for example fish oils, tallow, poultry fat such as chicken, goose and duck fat, fat of porcine origin such as lard, rind fat and pork fat, as well as bone fats, in particular of porcine or bovine origin ...;
- petroleum-based oils for example: pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, hexadecane, dodecane undecane, tetradecane, pentadecane, hexadecane, heptadecane and octadecane ...;
- bio-based solvents for example: methyl esters of fatty acids, ethyl esters of fatty acids, etc.
- petrosourced lipophilic organic solvents for example: methyl esters of fatty acids, ethyl esters of fatty acids, etc.
- the aqueous phase includes water.
- it is demineralized water.
- water contains a certain amount of electrolytes in solution such as sodium chloride, at a concentration not exceeding 35 g / L. This gives it a certain conductivity between 0 and 60 mS / cm.
- the composition is stabilized only with wood particles, without adding other emulsifying or stabilizing compounds.
- the composition is stabilized by wood particles and at least one compound chosen from stabilizing compounds and surfactants.
- the mass percentage of the wood particles expressed relative to the mass of the dispersed phase can be between 0.014% and 1.116%, preferably between 0.083% and 1.116%.
- the volume percentage of the dispersed phase expressed relative to the total volume of the composition namely the volume constituted by the sum of the volumes of the dispersing phase and of the dispersed phase used for the emulsification, can be between 1% and 75%, preferably between 1% and 60%.
- this volume percentage of the dispersed phase expressed relative to the total volume of the composition can be between:
- the particle size is between 100 nm and 40 pm and the concentration of wood particles dispersed in said aqueous phase before emulsification is between 0.31 g / L and 33 g / L, preferably between 10 g / L and 33 g / L.
- the wood particles may have been obtained from sawdust having been subjected to dry grinding, sieving and then wet grinding as described above.
- the particle size is between 120 nm and 200 nm and the concentration of wood particles dispersed in said aqueous phase before emulsification is between 0.31 g / L and 2.37 g / L, preferably between 0.89 g / L and 2.37 g / L.
- the wood particles may have been obtained from sawdust which has been subjected to dry grinding, sieving, wet grinding, centrifugation, then filtration at 0.45 ⁇ m as described above.
- the particle size is between 100 nm and 40 pm and the concentration of wood particles dispersed in said organic phase before emulsification is between 3.65 g / L and 32.85 g / L, preferably between 10.95 g / L and 32.85 g / L.
- the wood particles may have been obtained from sawdust which has been subjected to dry grinding, sieving and wet grinding and dehydration.
- step b) dispersing said wood particles in a dispersing phase; c) adding a dispersed phase in the dispersing phase obtained at the end of step b) so as to obtain an emulsion;
- step d) optionally, when the emulsion is a multiple emulsion, the emulsion obtained in step c) is added in a 2nd dispersing phase.
- the 2nd dispersing phase contains wood particles.
- the dispersing phase is an aqueous phase and the dispersed phase an organic phase
- a direct O / W emulsion is obtained at the end of step c), and where appropriate at the end of step d) a multiple emulsion of the O / W / O type (the 2nd dispersing phase being an organic phase).
- step c) When the dispersing phase is an organic phase and the dispersed phase an aqueous phase, at the end of step c) a W / O reverse emulsion is obtained, and where appropriate at the end of step d) a multiple W / O / W type emulsion (the 2nd dispersing phase being an aqueous phase).
- the wood particles may have the technical characteristics which have been described above.
- the wood particles when the dispersing phase is an organic phase, the wood particles are dehydrated so as to make them hydrophobic, for example by solvent exchange as described above.
- the concentration of wood particles in the dispersing phase can be between 0.31 g / L and 33 g / L, preferably between 10 g / L and 33 g / L.
- Step c) of adding the dispersed phase to the dispersing phase is carried out according to conventional techniques of emulsification of Pickering emulsions and is thus perfectly within the reach of those skilled in the art.
- step c) is carried out by mechanical shearing with a dispersing device.
- a dispersing device for example, the device sold by the company IKA WERKE GmbH & CO. KG under the name
- ULTRA-TURRAX can be used.
- the emulsion is stirred for a period of between 30 seconds and 30 minutes, and preferably between 5 minutes and 10 minutes, at a speed of between 3000 revolutions / minute and 24,000 revolutions / minute, and preferably at 18,000 rpm, for example with a module sold by the company IKA WERKE GmbH & CO. KG under the trade name S 25N 10G for a total volume of the composition according to the invention of 10 ml.
- step c) is carried out with an ultrasonic emulsion apparatus.
- an ultrasonic emulsion apparatus for example, the device sold by SinapTec under the trade name LIXEA FORMULATOR C80-500-PI can be used.
- the emulsion is generated in the reactor after pre-homogenization obtained with the propeller for 7 minutes at 500 revolutions / minute.
- the pre-emulsion is then emulsified with a stirring intensity of 100% and pulses of 30 seconds for a period of between 30 seconds and one hour.
- step c) is carried out using an ultrasound probe.
- the device marketed by SONICS & MATERIALS, INC. under the trade name Vibra-Cell TM VCX 500 can be used with a frequency of 22 kHz.
- the 13 mm diameter probe, made of the titanium alloy TÎ-6AI-4V, is placed 2 cm below the liquid surface. This device can be used to generate the emulsion after a pre-homogenization step obtained with the above-mentioned ULTRA-TURRAX device for 5 minutes at 18,000 revolutions / minute.
- step c) is carried out by high pressure homogenization, advantageously after passing to 100 MPa using for example a device marketed under the trade name APV-1000 by the company SPX FLOW , Inc.
- step c) can be carried out by mechanical shearing or with an ultrasonic emulsion device or an ultrasound probe or even by high pressure homogenization.
- the emulsion can be produced in an apparatus also configured to manufacture particles of wood as has been detailed above.
- the wood particles can be manufactured and dispersed in a dispersing phase at the same time as a dispersed phase is added in said dispersing phase.
- the emulsion manufacturing process can thus be implemented, and that the wood particles are in free form, in the form of a suspension of wood particles, a paste of wood or a hyper-refined wood pulp.
- the present invention also relates to the use of wood particles to stabilize an emulsion or a multiple emulsion.
- the emulsion or multiple emulsion is a Pickering emulsion.
- the emulsion can be a direct emulsion or a reverse emulsion.
- the multiple emulsion can be an oil in water in oil (O / W / O) emulsion or a water in oil in water (W / O / W) emulsion.
- the emulsion or the multiple emulsion may have the technical characteristics as detailed above in the description of the composition according to the invention.
- composition according to the invention can have multiple applications in various technical fields, and among which are:
- sanitation of aqueous effluents for example sanitation of water containing lipophilic compounds by concentration of these lipophilic compounds and by their emulsion;
- perfumery for example for the release of active ingredients; cosmetic applications;
- FIG. 1 is a graph of the evolutions of the volume percentage of the direct emulsion and of the mass percentage of the chestnut particles expressed relative to the mass of decane as a function of the volume percentage of decane of a composition in the form of direct emulsion according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 represents 6 photographs taken with an optical microscope of direct emulsions according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a graph of the evolution of the percentage of residual emulsion after centrifugation as a function of the volume percentage of decane of a composition in the form of direct emulsion according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a graph of the evolution of the volume percentage of direct emulsion as a function of the concentration of particles of chestnut dispersed in demineralized water with a composition in the form of an emulsion according to the invention.
- Table 1 below details the mass percentages of the various constituents which have been determined from samples of these three species of wood.
- Wood particles of these three species were all prepared according to the following manufacturing process: 1) sawdust was available;
- wet grinding was carried out in a rotor-stator type mill sold by the company IKA WERKE GmbH & CO. KG under the
- a centrifugation step was carried out for 8 minutes under a speed centrifugation field of 68,600 ms 2 in a centrifuge so as to recover wood particles of sizes less than or equal to 1 ⁇ m;
- a filtration step was carried out with a cellulose acetate filter configured to recover wood particles of sizes less than or equal to 0.45 ⁇ m.
- dry matter concentration (in g / L): the dry matter concentration was determined by taking 1 ml of a dispersion of an aqueous solution of a sample of particles, and weighing it with a precision balance. The dispersion was left overnight in an oven at minimum 60 ° C and the flask was weighed the next day;
- the device which has been used to measure these physico-chemical properties of the particles is marketed under the trade name Zetasizer Nano ZS by the company Malvern.
- the average particle size is between 149 and 198 nm; - the polydispersity index is of the same order of magnitude for spruce and beech (0.230 and 0.268) and a little higher for chestnut (0.326);
- the zeta potential is between -33.0 and -26.8 mV. This means that the double layer made up of ions which are in solution and which surround the charged particles are negatively charged ions and that the surface of the particles of the three wood species is positively charged. Study of the wettability of wood particles by measuring the contact angles:
- the wettability of the particles is linked to the affinity of the particles with respect to a hydrophilic phase and a hydrophobic phase. This is why the wettability of wood particles was studied by measurements of contact angles on surfaces of particles compressed to 27.6 MPa.
- CMOS being the acronym for “complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor” which means complementary metal oxide semiconductor
- Table 3 below details the values of the contact angles measured between the particle surfaces of the three compressed wood species and the reference liquids.
- Free surface energy is the energy per unit area needed to form a liquid / solid interface.
- the angles formed by the drops of liquid on the surfaces of wood particles allow, from calculations according to the Owens-Wendt method, to arrive at the polar components y s p and of dispersion y s d of the solid which constitutes this free surface energy. y s .
- Table 4 details these polar and dispersion components, as well as the free surface energy for the three wood species.
- the adhesion work is the energy which binds the surface of two separate phases or materials and increases as the interfacial tension of the two phases decreases.
- the adhesion work between two phases of the same liquid, called cohesion work, is therefore the energy necessary to form an interphase.
- Table 5 detailing the work of adhesion W of the particles of the three wood species to the air
- the values of the adhesion work in air detailed in table 5 above are higher for diiodomethane than for water and ethylene glycol which are polar liquids.
- wood surfaces At the solid-air interface, wood surfaces have more affinity for lipophilic liquids than hydrophilic liquids.
- the particle surfaces are still both lipophilic and hydrophilic.
- the particles are dispersed in water. Work has therefore been carried out to assess the surface polarity of particles immersed in water.
- Direct emulsions (O / W) according to the invention were prepared with the particles of the three wood species and using demineralized water as the dispersing phase of said wood particles and decane as the dispersed phase.
- the wood particles of each of the three species were dispersed in demineralized water at a concentration of 10 g / L.
- volume percentages of decane were: 10%, 20%, 25% and 33%, these volume percentages being expressed relative to the total volume constituted by the sum of the volumes of demineralized water and decane used before emulsification, so as to obtain 12 emulsions according to the invention.
- these emulsions were prepared using a rotor-stator disperser sold by the company IKA under the trade name IKA-ULTRA-TURRAX ® T 25 to emulsify for 1 minute at 15,000 rpm at room temperature (20 ° C ).
- the emulsions thus obtained were stored in airtight containers in order to avoid any evaporation of the water and of the decane, as well as any possible interaction liable to alter the emulsion.
- the wood particles had an average diameter between 100 nm and 40 ⁇ m.
- micrometric particles visible to the naked eye were in the emulsion and formed a steric barrier in addition to the action of nanometric particles which are adsorbed at the interface
- particles of micrometric sizes also help to increase the viscosity of the system, thus reducing the diffusion rates and therefore the migration of the contents from one drop to another.
- Direct emulsions (O / W) according to the invention were prepared with the particles of chestnut having been produced from steps 1) to 7) as detailed above for the three species of wood and using demineralized water as the dispersing phase of said particles and decane as the dispersed phase.
- the chestnut particles were dispersed in demineralized water at a concentration of 0.906 g / L.
- emulsions were produced by adding decane to the dispersing phase thus obtained.
- the volume percentages of decane were: 10%, 20%, 25%, 33%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 66%, 75% and 90%, these volume percentages being expressed relative to the total volume constituted by the sum of the volumes of demineralized water and decane before the emulsification is carried out, so as to obtain 10 emulsions according to the invention.
- volume of the emulsion increases with the increase in the volume percentage of decane between 10% and 60%, and this without any major phenomenon of oil release. This means that all of the decane is dispersed in the emulsion.
- the mass percentage of the chestnut particles (namely the particles which have been dispersed in demineralized water) which is expressed relative to the mass of decane of the composition
- the volume percentage of the emulsion expressed relative to the total volume of the composition (in other words the demineralized water-decane system).
- the mass percentage of the chestnut particles which is expressed relative to the mass of decane of the composition was used for the following reasons:
- the mass measurement of the components of an emulsion does not vary with external factors such as the temperature which can vary the volume of the liquids used in the composition. There is thus a direct relationship between the mass of wood particles and the mass of decane, therefore a direct relationship between the mass of stabilizing agent and the mass of the liquid which has been dispersed.
- Figure 1 is a graph based on the values detailed in Table 8, namely:
- the mass percentage of the particles expressed relative to the mass of decane decreases exponentially as the volume percentage of decane increases; which shows a reduction in the overlap of the droplet interface;
- FIG. 2 includes 6 photographs of the emulsions which have been obtained with a volume percentage of decane of:
- the stability of the emulsions according to the invention was studied by measurements of the percentage of residual emulsion after centrifugation.
- Centrifugation was carried out with a centrifuge sold by the company SIGMA CENTRIFUGES under the trade name Sigma 6-16K. The samples were centrifuged at 9800 ms 2 for 5 minutes at 20 ° C.
- Table 9 details the percentage values of residual emulsion which have been measured as a function of the volume percentage of decane.
- FIG. 3 is a graph which represents the change in the percentage of residual emulsion after centrifugation of the emulsion as a function of the volume percentage of decane.
- the chestnut particles were dispersed in demineralized water at the following concentrations (expressed in g / L): 1.23; 3.69; 5.53; 10.99 and 32.90.
- emulsions were produced by adding decane to the dispersing phase thus obtained.
- the volume percentage of decane was 60%, this volume percentage being expressed relative to the total volume constituted by the sum of the volumes of demineralized water and decane for the implementation of the emulsification, so as to obtain 5 emulsions according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a graph which details the evolution of the volume percentage of emulsion as a function of the concentration of particles of chestnut dispersed in demineralized water.
- the increase in the emulsion volume is due to the fact that smaller drops tend towards a larger surface water-decane interface which is stabilized by the exponential increase in the concentration of chestnut particles.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1859602A FR3087355B1 (fr) | 2018-10-17 | 2018-10-17 | Emulsion et emulsion multiple de pickering avec des particules de bois |
PCT/FR2019/052443 WO2020079364A1 (fr) | 2018-10-17 | 2019-10-16 | Émulsion et émulsion multiple de pickering avec des particules de bois |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3866960A1 true EP3866960A1 (fr) | 2021-08-25 |
Family
ID=65244315
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19806021.2A Pending EP3866960A1 (fr) | 2018-10-17 | 2019-10-16 | Émulsion et émulsion multiple de pickering avec des particules de bois |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3866960A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3087355B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020079364A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8691248B2 (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2014-04-08 | Mary Kay Inc. | Stable three-phased emulsions |
FR2962662B1 (fr) | 2010-07-19 | 2012-08-24 | Agronomique Inst Nat Rech | Composition sous forme d'emulsion, comprenant une phase hydrophobe dispersee dans une phase aqueuse |
-
2018
- 2018-10-17 FR FR1859602A patent/FR3087355B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-10-16 EP EP19806021.2A patent/EP3866960A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-10-16 WO PCT/FR2019/052443 patent/WO2020079364A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2020079364A1 (fr) | 2020-04-23 |
FR3087355B1 (fr) | 2020-11-13 |
FR3087355A1 (fr) | 2020-04-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Abdollahi et al. | Physicochemical properties of foam‐templated oleogel based on gelatin and xanthan gum | |
CA2765982C (fr) | Procede de preparation d'une emulsion huile-dans-eau stable | |
EP1208898B1 (fr) | Formulation désémulsionnante organique et son utilisation dans le traitement des puits forés en boue à l'huile | |
EP2683475A2 (fr) | Procédé de formation de gouttes d'une première phase dispersées dans une deuxième phase sensiblement immiscible avec la première phase | |
EP3022289B1 (fr) | Procédé optimise de rupture des parois de chlorelles par homogénéisation a très haute pression | |
CN102026663A (zh) | 油质体中活性剂的控制释放 | |
EP3648736A1 (fr) | Procédé de préparation d'émulsions de pickering à partir de particules biosourcées | |
FR2925365A1 (fr) | Procede d'encapsulation des huiles en milieu aqueux avec des emulsions polymeres de type hase, produits obtenus et leurs utilisations | |
EP3866960A1 (fr) | Émulsion et émulsion multiple de pickering avec des particules de bois | |
FR3068606B1 (fr) | Procede de preparation d'emulsions seches a partir de particules biosourcees | |
EP3600643A1 (fr) | Procédé de préparation de capsules comprenant au moins un composé volatile et capsules obtenues | |
WO2018172430A2 (fr) | Procédé de préparation de capsules comprenant au moins un composé volatile et capsules obtenues | |
EP3383527A1 (fr) | Controle d'evaporation des emulsions stabilisees avec la lignine | |
EP2859146B1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'une emulsion d'anhydride alkenyle succinique (asa) dans une solution aqueuse de matiere amylacee cationique, emulsion obtenue et son utilisation | |
EP1713570A1 (fr) | Compositions d huile cristallisable stabilisees par des particules solides colloi dales | |
WO2014053788A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'une emulsion stable d'anhydride alkenyle succinique (asa) dans une solution aqueuse de matiere amylacee cationique, emulsion obtenue et son utilisation | |
FR3052064A1 (fr) | Procede d'obtention d'emulsion stable a partir de graines entieres oleo-proteagineuses, l'emulsion obtenue et les compositions cosmetiques comprenant ladite emulsion | |
FR3099341A1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif d’obtention d’un macérât végétal aqueux liquide | |
EP3681466B1 (fr) | Combinaison emulsifiante pour l'obtention d'emulsions eau-dans-huile de faible viscosite | |
EP4347715A1 (fr) | Utilisation de melasse fermentee comme emulsifiant | |
Breschi et al. | Composition and Physical Stability of the Colloidal Dispersion in Veiled Virgin Olive Oil | |
EP2365871A1 (fr) | Procédé de fabrication d'un émulsifiant et procédé de fabrication d'une émulsion. | |
EP0765184B1 (fr) | Nouveau procede de traitement d'une emulsion | |
Diakabana et al. | Evaluation of the traditional technology of production of lungwila, a wine of sugarcane of Congo | |
FR2967689A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un materiau solide a partir d'une plante oleagineuse et materiau solide obtenu |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20210503 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
RAP3 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: INSTITUT TECHNOLOGIQUE FCBA (FORET, CELLULOSE, BOIS-CONSTRUCTION AMEUBLEMENT) Owner name: INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE POUR L'AGRICULTURE L'ALIMENTATION ET L'ENVIRONNEMENT Owner name: INSTITUT NATIONAL POLYTECHNIQUE DE TOULOUSE |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20231023 |