EP3863991A1 - Keramisches material, schicht und schichtsystem - Google Patents

Keramisches material, schicht und schichtsystem

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Publication number
EP3863991A1
EP3863991A1 EP19812714.4A EP19812714A EP3863991A1 EP 3863991 A1 EP3863991 A1 EP 3863991A1 EP 19812714 A EP19812714 A EP 19812714A EP 3863991 A1 EP3863991 A1 EP 3863991A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxide
mol
layer
ceramic material
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19812714.4A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Arturo Flores Renteria
Werner Stamm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3863991A1 publication Critical patent/EP3863991A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
    • C04B35/486—Fine ceramics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/62222—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products obtaining ceramic coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/87—Ceramics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
    • C23C28/3215—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer at least one MCrAlX layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
    • C23C28/3455—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer with a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxide, ZrO2, rare earth oxides or a thermal barrier system comprising at least one refractory oxide layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
    • C23C4/11—Oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
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    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
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    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
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    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
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    • C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
    • C04B2235/3225—Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
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    • C04B2235/3229—Cerium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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    • C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3244—Zirconium oxides, zirconates, hafnium oxides, hafnates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
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    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3244—Zirconium oxides, zirconates, hafnium oxides, hafnates, or oxide-forming salts thereof
    • C04B2235/3246—Stabilised zirconias, e.g. YSZ or cerium stabilised zirconia
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/21—Oxide ceramics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/20—Oxide or non-oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/21—Oxide ceramics
    • F05D2300/2118—Zirconium oxides

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ceramic material based on zirconium oxide with stabilizers, a layer and a layer system thereof.
  • Turbine blades or components for high-temperature use in general are often provided with thermal insulation layers. These are mostly ceramic thermal insulation layers based on zirconium oxide, fully or partially stabilized or based on pyrochlores, such as gadolinium zirconate.
  • the requirements for the ceramic thermal insulation layer are high fracture toughness and low sintering behavior, so that the mechanical loads can also be maintained over time.
  • the object is achieved by ceramic material according to claim 1, a layer according to claim 12 and a layer system according to claim 15.
  • Figures 1, 2 schematically show a layer system based on the invention.
  • the ceramic material has a tetragonal and cubic crystal structure, which depends on the proportion of the yttrium oxide stabilizer.
  • the tetragonal phase is stabilized by the proportion of yttrium oxide.
  • the ceramic material on the basis of zirconium oxide (Zr0 2 ) contains yttrium oxide (Y 2 0 3 ) and at least one further, in particular two, very particularly only two further oxides selected from the group erbium oxide (Er 2 0 3 ) and ytterbium oxide ( Yb 2 0 3 ), which preferably act as stabilizers.
  • At least one further oxide is optionally selected from the group:
  • the proportion of yttrium oxide (Y 2 0 3 ) is preferably 2.0 mol% - 3.9 mol%, in particular 2.5 mol% - 3.5 mol%.
  • erbium oxide Er 2 0 3
  • Yb 2 0 3 a mol% - 4.9 mol% erbium oxide
  • the proportion of ytterbium oxide (Yb 2 0 3 ) is preferably 3.5 mol% ytterbium oxide (Yb 2 0 3 ).
  • the proportion of yttrium oxide (Y 2 0 3 ) is preferably
  • Exemplary embodiments are: Zr0 2 / Y2O3 / Yb 2 0 3 +
  • a ceramic layer can be produced from this ceramic material. All coating processes from the prior art, such as plasma spraying (APS, VPS, LPPS, ...) or HVOF, can be used to create layers.
  • All coating processes from the prior art such as plasma spraying (APS, VPS, LPPS, ...) or HVOF, can be used to create layers.
  • a ceramic layer made of this ceramic material has in particular a thickness of 20 ⁇ m, in particular 200 ⁇ m to 2000 ⁇ m, and is produced by atmospheric plasma spraying.
  • the layer can also be produced by an EBPVD process and then preferably has a layer thickness of 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
  • FIG. 1 shows a layer system 1 made of a substrate 4.
  • the substrate 4 is preferably metallic and preferably a nickel- or cobalt-based superalloy.
  • the substrate 4 can be ceramic, in particular can have a CMC material.
  • connection layer 7 is present on the substrate 4.
  • this is preferably a NiCoCrAlY layer 7.
  • a single layer 10 made of the ceramic material according to the invention is then present on the connection layer 7.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further layer system 1 ', in which the single layer is replaced by a double layer 13 by an inner layer 16, in particular based on yttrium-partially stabilized zirconium oxide, but different from the material of the outer layer and an outer one Layer 19 based on the ceramic material according to the invention.
  • the ceramic connection layer 16 below is preferably a partially stabilized yttrium oxide-zirconium oxide layer, in particular with 3 mol% - 4 mol% yttrium oxide (Y2O3).
  • At least the outer ceramic layer 10, 19 can be segmented (DVC).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

Durch ein keramisches Material mit den Stabilisatoren Yttriumoxid sowie zumindest eines der Materialien Erbiumoxid oder Ytterbiumoxid wird eine sinterstabile Phase für ein keramisches Material für keramische Schichten und ein keramisches Schichtsystem aufgezeigt, das die mechanischen und thermischen Eigenschaften auch beim Einsatz von hohen Temperaturen lange Zeit aufweist.

Description

Keramisches Material, Schicht und Schichtsystem
Die Erfindung betrifft ein keramisches Material auf der Basis Zirkonoxid mit Stabilisatoren, eine Schicht und ein Schicht system daraus.
Turbinenschaufeln oder generell Komponenten für den Hochtem peratureinsatz werden oft mit thermischen Wärmedämmschichten versehen. Dies sind meistens keramische Wärmedämmschichten auf der Basis Zirkonoxid, voll- oder teilstabilisiert oder auf der Basis von Pyrochloren, wie zum Beispiel Gadolinium- zirkonat .
Anforderungen an die keramische Wärmedämmschicht neben der geringen thermischen Leitfähigkeit sind eine hohe Bruchzähig keit und geringes Sinterverhalten, damit die mechanischen Be lastungen auch über die Zeit aufrechterhalten werden können.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung ein keramisches Material aufzuzeigen, was diese Probleme löst.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch keramisches Material nach An spruch 1, eine Schicht nach Anspruch 12 und ein Schichtsystem nach Anspruch 15.
Die Figuren 1, 2 zeigen schematisch ein Schichtsystem auf Basis der Erfindung.
Die Figuren und die Beschreibung stellen Ausführungsbeispiele dar .
Das keramische Material weist eine tetragonale und kubische Kristallstruktur auf, die von dem Anteil des Stabilisators Yttriumoxid abhängt. Die tetragonale Phase wird stabilisiert durch den Anteil von Yttriumoxid. Das keramische Material auf der Basis Zirkonoxid (Zr02) ent hält Yttriumoxid (Y203) sowie zumindest einen weiteren, ins besondere zwei, ganz insbesondere nur zwei weitere Oxide aus gewählt aus der Gruppe Erbiumoxid (Er203) und Ytterbiumoxid (Yb203) , die vorzugsweise als Stabilisatoren wirken.
Optional ist zumindest ein weiteres Oxid, insbesondere zumin dest zwei weitere Oxide, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe:
Hafniumoxid (Hf02) , Ceroxid (Ce02) , Calciumoxid (CaO) und/oder Magnesiumoxid (MgO) vorhanden,
deren Anteil insbesondere bei mindestens 0,lmol%,
insbesondere bei mindestens 0,5mol% liegt und insbesondere maximal 5mol% beträgt.
Der Anteil von Yttriumoxid (Y203) liegt vorzugsweise bei 2.0mol% - 3.9mol%, insbesondere bei 2,5mol% - 3,5mol%.
Vorzugsweise werden 2,lmol% - 4,9mol% Erbiumoxid (Er203) und/oder Ytterbiumoxid (Yb203) , insbesondere 2,5mol% - 4,5mol% Erbiumoxid (Er203) und/oder Ytterbiumoxid (Yb203) verwendet .
Der Anteil von Ytterbiumoxid (Yb203) beträgt vorzugsweise 3,5mol% Ytterbiumoxid (Yb203) .
Der Anteil von Yttriumoxid (Y203) beträgt vorzugsweise
3,0mol% Yttriumoxid (Y203) .
Ausführungsbeispiele (nicht abschließend) sind: Zr02 / Y2O3 / Yb203 +
Hf02
Ce02
CaO - MgO
- Ce02 + CaO
- Ce02 + MgO
- CaO + MgO
- Hf02 + Ce02
- Hf02 + CaO
_ Hf02 + MgO
- Ce02 + CaO + MgO
- Hf02 + CaO + MgO
- Hf02 + Ce02 + MgO
_ Hf02 + Ce02 + CaO
- Hf02 + Ce02 + CaO + MgO
Aus diesem keramischen Material kann eine keramische Schicht hergestellt werden. Zur Schichterstellung können alle Be schichtungsverfahren aus dem Stand der Technik verwendet wer den, wie zum Beispiel Plasmaspritzen, (APS, VPS, LPPS, ...) oder HVOF .
Eine keramische Schicht aus diesem keramischen Material weist insbesondere eine Dicke von 20ym, insbesondere 200ym bis 2000ym auf und wird durch atmosphärisches Plasmaspritzen her gestellt. Ebenso kann die Schicht durch ein EBPVD-Verfahren hergestellt werden und weist dann vorzugsweise eine Schicht dicke von 20ym bis lOOOym auf.
Die keramische Schicht kann im Schichtsystem als Einfach schicht (Fig. 1) oder als Doppelschicht (Fig. 2) aufgebracht werden . Die Figur 1 zeigt ein Schichtsystem 1 aus einem Substrat 4. Das Substrat 4 ist vorzugsweise metallisch und vorzugsweise eine nickel- oder kobaltbasierte Superlegierung. Ebenso kann das Substrat 4 keramisch ausgebildet sein, insbesondere ein CMC-Material aufweisen.
Auf dem Substrat 4 ist eine Anbindungsschicht 7 vorhanden. Im Falle eines metallischen Materials ist dies vorzugsweise eine NiCoCrAlY Schicht 7.
Auf der Anbindungsschicht 7 ist dann eine Einfachschicht 10 aus dem erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Material vorhanden.
Figur 2 zeigt ein weiteres Schichtsystem 1', bei dem die Ein fachschicht durch eine Doppelschicht 13 ersetzt wird durch eine innere Schicht 16, insbesondere auf der Basis von Ytt- rium-teilstabilisiertem Zirkonoxid, aber verschieden von dem Material der äußeren Schicht, und einer äußeren Schicht 19 auf der Basis des erfindungsgemäßen keramischen Materials.
Die untenliegende keramische Anbindungsschicht 16 ist vor zugsweise eine teilstabilisierte Yttriumoxid-Zirkonoxid- Schicht, insbesondere mit 3mol% - 4mol% Yttriumoxid (Y2O3) .
In beiden Fällen (Fig. 1, 2) kann zumindest die äußere kera mische Schicht 10, 19 segmentiert sein (DVC) .

Claims

Patentansprüche
1. Keramisches Material
auf der Basis von Zirkonoxid (ZrCt) mit
Yttriumoxid (Y2O3) und
zumindest einem weiteren Oxid ausgewählt aus der Gruppe: Erbiumoxid (Er203) und Ytterbiumoxid (Yb203) sowie
optional
mit zumindest einem weiteren Oxid,
insbesondere mit zumindest zwei weiteren Oxiden,
ausgewählt aus der Gruppe:
Hafniumoxid (Hf02) , Ceroxid (Ce02 ) , Calciumoxid (CaO) und/oder Magnesiumoxid (MgO) ,
deren Anteil insbesondere bei mindestens 0,lmol%,
insbesondere bei mindestens 0,5mol% liegt und
insbesondere maximal 5mol% beträgt.
insbesondere dass das keramische Material daraus besteht.
2. Keramisches Material nach Anspruch 1,
bei dem Yttriumoxid (Y2O3) , Erbiumoxid (Er203) und Ytter biumoxid (Yb203) als Oxide verwendet werden,
optional
mit zumindest einem weiteren Oxid,
insbesondere mit zumindest zwei weiteren Oxiden,
ausgewählt aus der Gruppe:
Hafniumoxid (Hf02) , Ceroxid (Ce02 ) , Calciumoxid (CaO) und/oder Magnesiumoxid (MgO),
insbesondere nur diese.
3. Keramisches Material nach Anspruch 1,
bei dem Yttriumoxid (Y2O3) und Erbiumoxid (Er203) als Oxide verwendet werden,
optional
mit zumindest einem weiteren Oxid,
insbesondere mit zumindest zwei weiteren Oxiden,
ausgewählt aus der Gruppe:
Hafniumoxid (Hf02) , Ceroxid ( Ce02 ) , Calciumoxid (CaO) und/oder Magnesiumoxid (MgO),
insbesondere nur diese.
4. Keramisches Material nach Anspruch 1,
bei dem Yttriumoxid (Y2O3) und Ytterbiumoxid (Yb2<03) als
Oxide verwendet werden,
optional
mit zumindest einem weiteren Oxid,
insbesondere mit zumindest zwei weiteren Oxiden,
ausgewählt aus der Gruppe:
Hafniumoxid (Hf02) , Ceroxid ( Ce02 ) , Calciumoxid (CaO) und/oder Magnesiumoxid (MgO) ,
insbesondere nur diese.
5. Keramisches Material nach einem oder mehreren der An sprüche 1 bis 4,
das 4,0mol% - 16mol% Yttriumoxid (Y2O3) aufweist,
insbesondere 6, 0mol% - 16mol% Yttriumoxid (Y2O3) aufweist.
6. Keramisches Material nach einem oder mehreren der An sprüche 1 bis 4,
das 2,0mol% - 3, 9mol% Yttriumoxid (Y2O3) aufweist,
insbesondere 2,5mol% - 3,5mol% Yttriumoxid (Y2O3) aufweist.
7. Keramisches Material nach einem oder mehreren der An sprüche 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 oder 6,
das 2mol% - 40mol% Erbiumoxid (Er203) und/oder Ytterbium oxid (Yb203) ,
insbesondere 5mol% - 32mol% Erbiumoxid (Er203) und/oder Ytterbiumoxid (Yb203) aufweist.
8. Keramisches Material nach einem oder mehreren der An sprüche 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 oder 6,
das 2,lmol% - 4,9mol% Erbiumoxid (Er203) und/oder Ytter biumoxid (Yb203) ,
insbesondere 2,5mol% - 4,5mol% Erbiumoxid (Er203) und/oder Ytterbiumoxid (Yb203) aufweist.
9. Keramisches Material nach einem oder mehreren der An sprüche 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 oder 8,
das 2,5mol% - 4,5mol% Ytterbiumoxid (Yb203) ,
insbesondere 3,0mol% - 4,0mol% Ytterbiumoxid (Yb203) und
2,0mol% - 4,0mol% Yttriumoxid (Y203) ,
insbesondere 2,5mol% - 3,5mol% Yttriumoxid (Y203) aufweist.
10. Keramisches Material nach einem oder mehreren der An sprüche 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 oder 9,
aufweisend 3,5mol% Ytterbiumoxid (Yb203) .
11. Keramisches Material nach einem oder mehreren der An sprüche 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 oder 10,
aufweisend 3,0mol% Yttriumoxid (Y203) .
12. Keramische Schicht,
aufweisend ein keramisches Material nach einem oder mehre ren der Ansprüche 1 bis 11,
insbesondere bestehend aus einem keramischen Material nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 11.
13. Keramische Schicht nach Anspruch 12,
hergestellt durch APS und
insbesondere aufweisend eine Schichtdicke von 20ym bis 2000ym.
14. Keramische Schicht nach Anspruch 12,
hergestellt durch EB-PVD und
insbesondere aufweisend eine Schichtdicke von 20ym bis lOOOym.
15. Schichtsystem,
zumindest aufweisend
ein Substrat ( 4 ) ,
metallisch oder keramisch,
eine Anbindungsschicht (7),
entweder metallisch oder keramisch,
zumindest eine Schicht (10, 19) aus dem keramischen Mate rial nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 oder eine keramische Schicht nach einem oder zwei der Ansprüche 12 bis 14.
16. Schichtsystem nach Anspruch 15,
bei dem eine keramische Anbindungsschicht (16) zwischen einer äußeren Schicht (19) vorhanden ist,
insbesondere wobei die Anbindungsschicht (7) teilstabi lisiertes Zirkonoxid aufweist,
insbesondere daraus besteht.
17. Schichtsystem nach Anspruch 15 oder 16,
bei dem zumindest die äußere keramische Schicht (19) seg
5 mentiert ist.
EP19812714.4A 2018-12-17 2019-11-19 Keramisches material, schicht und schichtsystem Pending EP3863991A1 (de)

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