EP3857702A1 - Filtrage électromagnétique d'un circuit de contrôle d'un moteur électrique - Google Patents
Filtrage électromagnétique d'un circuit de contrôle d'un moteur électriqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP3857702A1 EP3857702A1 EP19795272.4A EP19795272A EP3857702A1 EP 3857702 A1 EP3857702 A1 EP 3857702A1 EP 19795272 A EP19795272 A EP 19795272A EP 3857702 A1 EP3857702 A1 EP 3857702A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filtering
- control circuit
- electric motor
- power
- filtering device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/08—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor
- H02P6/085—Arrangements for controlling the speed or torque of a single motor in a bridge configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/50—Reduction of harmonics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
Definitions
- the technical context of the present invention is that of protection against electromagnetic radiation. More particularly, the invention relates to a control circuit for an electric motor, in particular of the type used in ventilation assemblies for the front panel of a motor vehicle. The invention also relates to a motor-fan unit for a motor vehicle, controlled by such an engine control circuit.
- Motor-fan units are known which make it possible to regulate an air flow sufficient to cool several elements of motor vehicles, such as for example a heat engine or an electric circuit.
- Such motor-ventilator groups comprise a mobile fan in rotation and an electric motor for driving the fan in rotation, the electric motor being controlled by a control circuit.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a new control circuit in order to respond at least in large part to the preceding problems and also to lead to other advantages. More particularly, an object of the invention is to reduce the electromagnetic emissions of such a control circuit during its operation.
- Another aim is to reduce the mechanical bulk of the control circuit.
- a motor control circuit of an electric motor comprising (i) a power bridge comprising at least one power branch , the power bridge being configured to drive the electric motor, and (ii) a filter device arranged in parallel with the at least one power branch in order to filter electromagnetic radiation from the power bridge, said filter device comprising at at least one filtering capacity, at least one filtering capacity of the filtering device being of the polymer-hybrid type.
- the electric motor controlled by the electric switch is advantageously of the type of a direct current electric motor.
- Each power branch of the power bridge comprises one or more - and preferably two - power switch.
- Each power switch is configured to generate an electric pulse width modulated power signal to control the rotation and / or speed of rotation of the electric motor to which the control circuit is connected.
- each power switch is alternately configured in a conducting conduction state - in which it has a very low resistance between its terminals - and in a blocking conduction state - in which it has a very high resistance between its terminals.
- the switching of the power switch between its conducting and blocking conduction states thus makes it possible to generate the power signal of the pulse width modulation type and to be able to control its characteristics, such as for example a frequency and / or a duty cycle. of said power signal.
- control circuit is a source of electromagnetic radiation, mainly due to the successive switching of power switch (s) of the power bridge.
- the filtering device makes it possible to filter brutal variations of electric current which can appear during the rotation of the electric motor, and in particular during the opening or the closing of the power switches when they switch from their conduction state passing towards their blocking conduction state, or vice versa.
- the filtering device has an electrical impedance which depends on the frequency of the electrical current flowing through it: for sudden variations in electrical current - when the electrical switching of the power switch is established - then the impedance the filtering device is very high.
- the filtering device behaves essentially like a low-pass type filter, a cut-off frequency of which determines its behavior with respect to the electric current passing through it:
- the cut-off frequency of the filtering device depends on the electrical characteristics of the components which form the filtering device, and in particular on those of at least one hybrid polymer filtering capacity.
- the singular use of polymer-hybrid technology for the filtering device makes it possible to optimize its design, both electrical and dimensional.
- the use of polymer-hybrid filtering capacity makes it possible to increase the volume capacitance of the filtering capacity or capacities of the filtering device.
- the capacitance of the polymer-hybrid filtering capacity is, for a given volume, greater than that obtained for the same volume in another non-polymer-hybrid technology.
- the polymer-hybrid technology thus makes it possible to improve the compactness of the filtering device of the control circuit in accordance with the first aspect of the invention.
- control circuit according to the first aspect of the invention advantageously comprises at least one of the improvements below, the technical characteristics forming these improvements can be taken alone or in combination:
- the power switch or switches are of the type of a field effect transistor. More particularly still, the power switch or switches are of the type of a MOSFET, an acronym for “Meta! Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor ”and meaning insulated gate field effect transistor; a capacitance value of the at least one polymer-fiybrid filtering capacity is greater than 200 pF.
- the capacitance value of the at least one polymer filtering capacity is approximately equal to 330 pF, to within +/- 10%; the at least one polymer-fiybrid filtering capacity is housed in a cylindrical casing whose diameter is less than or equal to 12 mm and / or a height is less than or equal to 12 mm.
- the diameter and / or the height of the housing housing the at least one polymer filtering capacity is approximately equal to 10 mm, to within +/- 10%; according to a first embodiment, each filtering capacity of the filtering device is of the polymer-hybrid type.
- a first part of the filtering capacities is of the electrolytic type, and a second part of the filtering capacities is of the polymer-hybrid type; the filtering device comprises a filtering inductor.
- This advantageous configuration makes it possible to optimize the frequency behavior of the filtering device.
- the combined use of polymer-hybrid technology for the filtering capacity (s) makes it possible to reduce an inductance value of the filtering inductance.
- this advantageous configuration makes it possible to reduce the costs of the filtering device as well as its size and its weight; only one of the filtering capacities of the filtering device is of the polymer-hybrid type, the filtering capacity of the polymer-hybrid type being located opposite the filtering inductance with respect to the power bridge.
- part of the filtering capacities of the filtering device are of the polymer-hybrid type, the filtering capacity situated opposite the filtering inductance with respect to the power bridge being part of those of the polymer-hybrid type; an inductance value of the filtering inductance is between 24-75 pH and 62.5 pH for a cutoff frequency greater than or equal to 100 kHz; the filtering inductor is arranged in parallel with the at least one filtering capacity; the filtering device is of the type of a PI filter, said PI filter being formed by the filter inductor located between two filtering capacitors arranged in parallel with one another.
- the filter device comprises a number of filtering capacity equal to a number of output branches of the power bridge.
- the control circuit is three phase, the number of power branches of the power bridge being equal to three, and the number of filtering capacities being equal to three.
- a motor-fan unit for a motor vehicle comprising (i) a fan driven in rotation by an electric motor, and (ii) a control circuit in accordance with first aspect of the invention or according to any one of its improvements, said control circuit being configured to drive the electric motor.
- the control circuit is configured to control a speed of rotation and / or a direction of rotation of the electric motor and, consequently, of the associated fan.
- the motor-fan unit conforming to the second aspect has a higher level of electromagnetic compatibility compared to the earlier motor-fan groups, for a reduced bulk thanks to the use of the polymer-hybrid capacity (s) in the filtering device.
- FIGURE 1 illustrates an electrical diagram of an electric motor controlled by a control circuit according to the first aspect of the invention
- FIGURE 2 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of such a control circuit according to the first aspect of the invention.
- the characteristics, the variants and the various embodiments of the invention can be associated with one another, according to various combinations, insofar as they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive of each other.
- variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described below in isolation from the other characteristics described, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art.
- FIGURE 1 illustrates an electrical system intended to be installed for example in a motor vehicle not shown, and of which an electrical energy - represented by a voltage U bat - is supplied by a battery 2 via an on-board network 21.
- an electrical system forms a motor-fan unit 8 in accordance with the third aspect of the invention.
- Such a fan-motor unit 8 comprises an electric motor 4 controlled by a control circuit 1, a rotor of the electric motor 4 being mechanically coupled to a shaft 52 driving in rotation a propeller 51 of a fan 5 ⁇
- the control circuit 1 is in accordance with the first aspect of the invention and will be described later with reference to FIGURE 2.
- the electric motor 4 controlled by the control circuit 1 can be of any type, and in particular of the type of a direct current motor for example.
- the electric motor 4 comprises an armature element 41 and an inductor element 42.
- the armature element 41 is a rotor of the electric motor 4; and the inductor element 42 is a stator of said electric motor 4 ⁇
- the inductor element 42 comprises a number N of electric windings 421.
- N is equal to 3 ⁇
- the electrical windings 421 of the inductor element 42 are arranged in an electrical configuration called "star", all the electrical windings 421 being electrically connected together at a common electrical terminal.
- other electrical configurations can be envisaged, such as for example a triangle or ring configuration.
- the electric motor 4 is controlled by a control circuit 1 which makes it possible to selectively or collectively generate phase currents i A , i B , i c from each of the electric windings 421 of the inductor element 42 of said electric motor 4 ⁇
- the circuit control 1 is itself controlled by a control module 3 which generates one or more control signals s c for the attention of control circuit 1, as will be described in more detail with reference to FIGURE 2.
- the control module 3 is also configured to determine an induced current i rot at the induced element 41 of the electric motor 4 ⁇
- the control circuit 1 is placed in derivation of the battery 2 of the motor vehicle, between a positive terminal and a ground terminal M, through the on-board network 21.
- the ground terminal M is advantageously electrically connected to a chassis of the vehicle automotive for electrical safety reasons.
- a control circuit 1 according to the first aspect of the invention comprises a power bridge 12 and a filter device 13.
- the power bridge 12 comprises at least one power branch A, B, C, in order to generate at least one phase current i A , i B , i c for each of the electric windings 421 of the inductor element 42 of said electric motor 4 ⁇ All the power branches A, B, C are placed in derivation from each other on the one hand, and polarized by the voltage LJ bat delivered by the battery 2 of the motor vehicle.
- the power bridge 12 comprises three branches of powers A, B, C, each of the branches of power A, B, C being associated with one of the electrical windings 421.
- Each power branch A, B, C comprises two power switches 121.
- Each power switch 121 is configured to generate the corresponding phase current i A , i B , i c .
- the phase current i A , i B , i c generated by the power switches of each branch A, B, C of the control circuit 1 is of the type of a signal with pulse width modulation in order to control the rotation and / or the speed of rotation of the electric motor 4 ⁇
- each power switch 121 is alternately configured in a passing conduction state - in which it has a very low resistance between its terminals - and in a blocking conduction state - in which it has a very high resistance between its terminals.
- the switching of the power switches 121 between its conducting and blocking conduction states is controlled by the control module 3 and makes it possible to control the characteristics of the corresponding phase currents i A , i B , i c , such as for example a frequency and / or a cyclical report.
- Each power switch 121 is advantageously of the type of a power transistor, such as for example a MOS, a MOSFET, preferably N-doped as in the example illustrated in FIGURE 2.
- the two power switches 121 are advantageously electrically connected at a common terminal, for example via a drain terminal of a first power transistor and via a source terminal of a second power transistor of the same power branch A, B, C. Thereafter, the terminal common to both power components 121 is then electrically connected to one of the electric windings 421 of the electric motor 4 in order to control an electric current which passes through it.
- the filter device 13 is configured to perform low-pass filtering.
- the filtering device 13 comprises at least one filtering capacity 132A, 132B, 132C, 132D.
- Each filtering capacity 132A-132D is placed in derivation of the power bridge 12 on the one hand, and parallel to the voltage U bat delivered by the battery 2 of the motor vehicle on the other hand.
- the filtering device 13 is advantageously of the type of a PI filter. It comprises a first group of filter capacitors 1321 and a second group of filter capacitors 1322. The first 1321 and the second 1322 group of filter capacitors are separated by a filter choke 131 placed in series therebetween.
- An inductance value of the filtering inductor 131, and a capacitance value for each of the filtering capacities 132A-132D are advantageously chosen in order to determine a cut-off frequency of the filtering device 13, according to the desired effects and the electrical and dynamic characteristics of the electric motor 4 and / or of the control circuit 1, and in particular of the power bridge 12.
- At least one of the filtering capacities 132A-132D is of the polymer-hybrid type in order to reduce its dimensions and in order to increase its capacitance, as mentioned above.
- only the filtering capacity 132D of the second group 1322 of filtering capacities is of the polymer-hybrid type.
- only the filtering capacity situated on the side of the electric battery 2 with respect to the filtering inductor 131 is of the polymer-hybrid type.
- At least part of the filtering capacities 131A-132C of the first group 1321 is of the polymer-hybrid type. Also preferably, all the filtering capacities 131A-132C of the first group 1321 are of the polymer-hybrid type.
- the invention aims to replace each filter capacity 132A-132D of the first 1321 and / or second 1322 group whose capacitance value is greater than 100 pF with a capacity of the polymer-hybrid type.
- This advantageous configuration makes it possible in return to undersize the filtering inductor 131 by reducing its inductance value, thus making it possible to reduce both the manufacturing costs of the control circuit 1 and the dimensional size of the filtering device 13
- the filtering capacity (s) of the type polymer-hybrid used in the filtering device 13 have a capacitance value equal to approximately 330 pF.
- the invention relates to a control circuit 1 of an electric motor 4, the control circuit 1 comprising a filtering device 13 in order to filter the high frequencies capable of generating disturbing electromagnetic radiation when driving the electric motor 4
- the filtering device 13 comprises one or more filtering capacities 132A-132D placed in derivation of a power bridge 12 driving the electric motor 4, at least part of the filtering capacities 132A-132D being of the type polymer-hybrid in order to improve the dynamic performance of the filtering device 13 and to reduce its size.
- the filtering device 13 comprises one or more filtering capacities 132A-132D placed in derivation of a power bridge 12 driving the electric motor 4, at least part of the filtering capacities 132A-132D being of the type polymer-hybrid in order to improve the dynamic performance of the filtering device 13 and to reduce its size.
- the different characteristics, forms, variants and embodiments of the invention can be associated with each other in various combinations insofar as they are not incompatible or mutually exclusive of each other.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Filters And Equalizers (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1858770A FR3091427B1 (fr) | 2018-09-25 | 2018-09-25 | Filtrage electromagnetique d'un circuit de controle d'un moteur electrique |
PCT/FR2019/052266 WO2020065221A1 (fr) | 2018-09-25 | 2019-09-25 | Filtrage électromagnétique d'un circuit de contrôle d'un moteur électrique |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3857702A1 true EP3857702A1 (fr) | 2021-08-04 |
Family
ID=65243870
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19795272.4A Withdrawn EP3857702A1 (fr) | 2018-09-25 | 2019-09-25 | Filtrage électromagnétique d'un circuit de contrôle d'un moteur électrique |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11606057B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3857702A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN113169687A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3091427B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020065221A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4459519A (en) * | 1974-06-24 | 1984-07-10 | General Electric Company | Electronically commutated motor systems and control therefor |
FR3024613B1 (fr) * | 2014-08-04 | 2017-10-06 | Alstom Transp Tech | Module d'alimentation electrique d'un bloc moteur, systeme de traction et vehicule electrique associe |
FR3041192B1 (fr) * | 2015-09-15 | 2019-05-17 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Filtre electrique |
JP2018061363A (ja) * | 2016-10-06 | 2018-04-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | モータ駆動装置、モータシステム及び電動パワーステアリング装置 |
-
2018
- 2018-09-25 FR FR1858770A patent/FR3091427B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-09-25 WO PCT/FR2019/052266 patent/WO2020065221A1/fr unknown
- 2019-09-25 US US17/278,708 patent/US11606057B2/en active Active
- 2019-09-25 EP EP19795272.4A patent/EP3857702A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-09-25 CN CN201980077233.2A patent/CN113169687A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US11606057B2 (en) | 2023-03-14 |
FR3091427B1 (fr) | 2021-03-05 |
FR3091427A1 (fr) | 2020-07-03 |
US20220038042A1 (en) | 2022-02-03 |
CN113169687A (zh) | 2021-07-23 |
WO2020065221A1 (fr) | 2020-04-02 |
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