EP3853945A1 - Dachantenne mit eingebetteter mmwave-antenne - Google Patents
Dachantenne mit eingebetteter mmwave-antenneInfo
- Publication number
- EP3853945A1 EP3853945A1 EP20743685.8A EP20743685A EP3853945A1 EP 3853945 A1 EP3853945 A1 EP 3853945A1 EP 20743685 A EP20743685 A EP 20743685A EP 3853945 A1 EP3853945 A1 EP 3853945A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- slot
- mmwave
- base body
- antennas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
- H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
- H01Q21/0043—Slotted waveguides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
- H01Q21/0043—Slotted waveguides
- H01Q21/005—Slotted waveguides arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a roof antenna for a vehicle, comprising a base body, a cover device and a printed circuit board (PCB level).
- PCB level printed circuit board
- the new 5G standard should enable faster data transmission, for example in the cellular network.
- Frequencies up to 5 GHz are currently in use. However, as the frequency increases, the range of the wavelengths decreases. However, the higher frequency ranges offer the advantage that higher bandwidths are available, which are necessary for fast data transmission. For example, a 5GHz network with a data transmission rate of 10 or 20 Gbit is only possible with a frequency band of 100 MHz. However, such frequency ranges require a close-knit network of radio masts.
- mmWave technology millimeter wave technology
- bandwidths of up to 400 MHz and downlink transmission rates of> 2 Gbps are possible.
- the mmW technology in the 5G cellular standard is best suited to achieve good coverage in city centers, for example.
- the free space attenuation is proportional to 1 / f 2 , which means that in the mmW frequency range (28GHz / 39GHz) there is significantly greater attenuation of the signals.
- a signal at 30 GHz is attenuated 20 dB (factor 100) more than a signal at 3 GHz.
- the signal attenuation between The transmitter and receiver reduce the reception level at the receiver input and accordingly reduce the data transmission rate.
- Antenna modules are already known in the prior art.
- a scalable multiband antenna module with several antenna elements is known, which are arranged within a metallic or a non-conductive cavity.
- a multifunctional antenna for a vehicle which comprises at least four antennas, a first antenna being set up to receive a satellite signal, another antenna being set up to receive a terrestrial signal, another antenna for the mobile radio area is set up and a further antenna is set up to determine a geoposition.
- an antenna module for a vehicle which comprises an antenna device with a plurality of antennas arranged on the vehicle exterior on a first carrier plate.
- a highly integrated multiband fin antenna for a vehicle is known from the document DE 10 2009 051 605 A1.
- An antenna arrangement for a motor vehicle is known from the document DE 102016006975 B3, which comprises a slot antenna in the outer panel of the motor vehicle.
- the antenna arrangement comprises a roof antenna module with a cap or housing, a base made of metal and a control circuit or printed circuit board in the housing or between them. The floor touches the roof in a support area A.
- a slot antenna in the outer sheet of the roof is described, which is controlled by the control circuit and illuminates the passenger compartment and the surroundings.
- An antenna module for a vehicle is known from the document EP 1 863 119 A1, which has an upper and lower part as well as antennas.
- the antenna module has an external housing on the vehicle roof in the form of a fin with a base plate made of metal and an external printed circuit board attached to it and antennas located thereon.
- the antenna module also has an internal housing with a printed circuit board and internal antennas arranged underneath.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device for high frequencies which is set up to compensate for free space attenuation and at the same time has a small installation space requirement.
- the present invention relates to a roof antenna for a vehicle, comprising a base body, a cover device and a printed circuit board.
- the base body is set up as a carrier for the printed circuit board.
- the covering device is usually designed as an antenna cap that covers the circuit board. The covering device closes the roof antenna and protects it from external influences.
- the covering device is set up to close off with the base body or with a roof plane of the vehicle.
- the base body is metallic, with at least one mmWave antenna (millimeter wave spectrum antenna) being arranged between the metallic base body and the printed circuit board.
- mmWave antenna stands for millimeter wave spectrum antenna. These types of antennas are suitable, among other things, for 5G use in the frequency range below 6Ghz. Placing the mmWave antenna in the roof antenna has the great advantage that the mmWave antenna has an undisturbed view around the car (Bluetooth, LTE, telephone, auxiliary heating) and the sky (satellite services).
- the arrangement of the mmWave antenna between the metallic base body and the printed circuit board means that there is no installation space between the PCB and the cover device are required for the placement of the mmWave antenna.
- the mmWave antenna is not placed directly on the lossy circuit board PCB substrate, which does not affect the efficiency of the mmWave antenna.
- the at least one mmWave antenna is designed to be integrated into the metallic base body.
- the base body has a base plane which is formed centrally on the base body, the at least one mmWave antenna being designed to be integrated into the base plane of the base body.
- the base plane is usually designed as an elevation of the base body.
- the base plane can be oval, round or angular. Due to the integrated arrangement of the mmWave antenna in the metallic base body, no additional physical installation space is required for the placement of the mmWave antenna. By placing the mmWave antenna in the base body, both weight and costs can be saved. Another advantage is that by placing the mmWave antenna, a very good galvanic decoupling of the mmWave antenna from the circuit board can be achieved.
- the metallic base body is designed as a zinc die-cast body.
- the design of the base body made of zinc offers the advantage that zinc is not magnetic.
- the metallic base body is formed from another, in particular non-magnetic, conductive material, in particular metal.
- At least two mmWave antennas are arranged in the base body.
- at least two, in particular at least three mmWave antennas are arranged integrated in the roof antenna, in particular in the base body.
- the mmWave antennas are usually arranged in the direction of travel in the base body of the roof antenna.
- the mmWave antennas are transverse to the direction of travel in the base of the Roof antenna arranged.
- a first mmWave antenna is arranged in the direction of travel and a second mmWave antenna is arranged transversely to the direction of travel or transversely to the first mmWave antenna.
- the at least two mmWave antennas are arranged separately from one another in the base body.
- at least one mmWave antenna is arranged on one side of the base body, while a further mmWave antenna is arranged on an opposite side of the base body.
- the mmWave antennas usually have a different design, in particular the mmWave antennas are usually designed for different frequency ranges.
- a distance between a first mmWave antenna and a second mmWave antenna in the base body of the roof antenna is generally between 25 mm and 30 mm, in particular between 28 mm and 29 mm.
- the mmWave antennas are designed as slot antennas.
- the use of slot antennas has the advantage that they are set up in particular for high frequencies. In addition, these are set up to convert high-frequency alternating current and electromagnetic waves into one another, so that the slot antennas can be used for both sending and receiving.
- the manufacturing effort for the roof antenna is limited to the coupling of the slot antenna or the slot antenna and the machining of the zinc die-cast body.
- a first slot antenna is designed for a frequency of 28 GHz and a second slot antenna is designed for a frequency of 39 GHz.
- This usually corresponds to a frequency band for high frequencies above 6 GFIz for the USA.
- the slot antennas for a frequency between 4 GFIz and 50 are optional GHz, in particular set up between 6 GHz and 40 GHz, with the use frequencies being adjustable by adjusting the waveguide dimensions (height and width).
- both antennas can be operated in the same frequency range. This offers the advantage that better omnidirectional characteristics can be achieved.
- both antennas are optionally set up for a frequency range of 28 GHz.
- a first slot antenna is designed for a frequency of 34 GHz and a second slot antenna is designed for a frequency of 38 GHz. This usually corresponds to a frequency band for Europe.
- a first slot antenna is designed for a frequency of 25 GHz and a second slot antenna is designed for a frequency of 28 GHz.
- a first slot antenna is designed for a frequency of 31 GHz and a second antenna is designed for a frequency of 33 GHz.
- the slot antennas are designed as a waveguide with at least one slot, each waveguide being able to be coupled to a mmW signal (millimeter wave signal) of the mmW antenna, with at least one of the slots of the slot antennas radiating through the mmW signal is stimulable.
- a waveguide with a low frequency is designed to be larger than a waveguide with a higher frequency.
- the waveguides are set up so that they can be coupled to a coaxial line or a microstrip line.
- the slots are stimulated to radiate.
- At least two slots of a slot antenna can be combined to form a slot array.
- the roof antenna is scalable by combining at least two slots to form a slot array.
- a scalable antenna concept can be implemented through the use of slot arrays. The interconnection of several individual ones Slot radiators to form a slot array increases the antenna gain (directivity and efficiency of the antenna).
- FIG. 1 shows a side view of an embodiment of a roof antenna according to the invention with an embodiment of a base body according to the invention
- FIG. 2a shows a top view of the base body shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. 2b shows a perspective top view of the base body shown in FIGS. 1 and 2a
- 3a shows a curve diagram of an adaptation and directional characteristics of a 28 Ghz mmWave antenna
- 3b shows a curve diagram of an adaptation and directional characteristics of a 39 Ghz mmWave antenna
- FIG. 4b a simulation of an adaptation and directional characteristics of a 39 Ghz mmWave antenna
- FIG. 5 a coupling of a slot antenna to a coaxial line
- FIG. 6 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a base body according to the invention with two slot arrays
- 7 shows a simulation of directional characteristics of a slot array.
- FIG. 1 shows a side view of an embodiment of a roof antenna 10 according to the invention with a base body 11 according to the invention.
- the roof antenna 10 is arranged on a roof plane 20 of a vehicle (not shown).
- the roof antenna 10 is formed from a base body 11, a printed circuit board 13 resting on the base body, and a cover device 12.
- the covering device 12 is set up to accommodate the printed circuit board 13 and the base body 11 and to close it off with respect to the roof plane 20.
- the circuit board 13 is formed between the base body 11 and the covering device 12.
- FIG. 2a shows a top view of the base body 11 shown in FIG. 1.
- the base body 11 is designed as a zinc die-cast body.
- the base body 11 has a base plane 19, two mmWave antennas 14 (millimeter wave spectrum antennas) being arranged in an integrated manner in the base plane 19 of the base body 11.
- the two mmWave antennas 14a and 14b are arranged separately from one another, the mMWave antennas 14 being designed to be integrated into the base body 11.
- the mmWave antennas 14a, 14b are designed as slot antennas 15a, 15b and in the present embodiment each have a slot 17.
- the slot 17 is designed for blasting.
- the mmWave antennas 14a, 14b extend in the direction of travel. Alternatively, the mmWave antennas 14a, 14b can also be arranged transversely to the direction of travel.
- the first mmWave antenna 14a is designed for a frequency range of 28 GHz, while the second mmWave antenna 14b is designed for a frequency range of 39 GHz.
- the first and second mmWave antennas 14a, 14b are designed as slot antennas 15a, 15b, the slot antennas 15a, 15b each being designed as a waveguide 16.
- FIG. 2b shows a perspective top view of the base body 11 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2a.
- the two mmWave antennas 14a, 14b designed as slot antennas 15a, 15b are emphasized.
- the slot antenna 15a is designed as a waveguide 16, the waveguide 16 being rectangular in the present embodiment.
- the waveguide 16 of the first slot antenna 15a for the frequency range 28GFIz has a height of 5 mm on the outside and 4 mm on the inside.
- the waveguide 16 of the first slot antenna 15a thus has a wall thickness of 0.5 mm in each case in the fleas.
- the waveguide 16 of the first slot antenna 15a has a width of 8 mm on the outside and 7 mm on the inside.
- the waveguide 16 of the first slot antenna 15a has a wall thickness of 0.5 mm in width in each case.
- the waveguide 16 of the second slot antenna 15b for the frequency range 39GFIz has a height of 3.30 mm on the outside and 2.30 mm on the inside.
- the waveguide 16 of the second slot antenna 15b thus has a wall thickness of 0.5 mm in each case in the fleas.
- the waveguide 16 of the second slot antenna 15b has a width of 5.20 mm on the outside and 4.20 mm on the inside.
- the waveguide 16 of the second slot antenna 15b thus has a wall thickness of 0.5 mm in width in each case.
- the dimensions of the respective waveguides 16 can be varied, as can the respective wall thickness.
- FIG. 3a shows a curve diagram of an adaptation
- FIG. 3b shows a curve diagram of an adaptation
- FIG. 4a shows a simulation of an adaptation and directional characteristics of a 28 Ghz mmWave antenna. Shown is the base body 11 with the base plane 19, as well as a three-dimensional simulation of an exit of the mmWave signal that through the - not shown - slots of the Slot antennas is broadcast. The simulation shows various
- FIG. 4b shows a simulation of an adaptation and directional characteristics of a 39 Ghz mmWave antenna.
- the base body 11 with the base plane 19 is shown, as well as a three-dimensional simulation of the exit of the mmWave signal which is emitted through the slots of the slot antennas (not shown).
- the simulation shows various
- FIG. 5 shows a coupling of a slot array 21 designed as a waveguide 16 to a coaxial line 18.
- the waveguide 16 is designed in accordance with the design of the waveguide 16 described above and shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b.
- the slot array 21 has at least four slots 17, which are offset from one another in the waveguide 16. It is shown that the coaxial line 18 is connected or coupled to the slot array 21 via a lower side of the rectangular waveguide 16. By coupling the waveguide 16 with the mmW signal (millimeter wave signal), the slots 17 are excited to radiate.
- the mmW signal millimeter wave signal
- FIG. 6 shows a top view of an embodiment of a base body 11 according to the invention with two slot arrays 21.
- two slot arrays 21 are arranged or integrated separately from one another in the base body, in particular the base plane 19 of the base body 11.
- a slot array 21 has a length of 50 mm in each case and has at least five slots 17 which are arranged offset to one another in two rows.
- the Slit arrays 21 are formed at a distance of at least 28.50 mm from one another in the base plane 19.
- the present embodiment of the arrangement of the slot arrays 21 is suitable both for slot antennas for frequencies of 28 GHz and for slot antennas for frequencies of 39 GHz.
- FIG. 7 shows two simulations of directional characteristics of a slot array 21.
- the base body 11 with the base plane 19 is shown in each of the simulations.
- the mmWave signal which is emitted through the slots, extends in each case from the slot arrays 21.
- the simulations show different strengths of the mmWave signal in dBi, which are graphically represented using point clouds. The relevant dBi values for a point cloud are given in a respective legend.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019213208.1A DE102019213208B3 (de) | 2019-09-02 | 2019-09-02 | Dachantenne mit eingebetteter mmWave-Antenne |
PCT/EP2020/070537 WO2021043494A1 (de) | 2019-09-02 | 2020-07-21 | Dachantenne mit eingebetteter mmwave-antenne |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3853945A1 true EP3853945A1 (de) | 2021-07-28 |
EP3853945B1 EP3853945B1 (de) | 2022-04-20 |
Family
ID=71738156
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20743685.8A Active EP3853945B1 (de) | 2019-09-02 | 2020-07-21 | Dachantenne mit eingebetteter mmwave-antenne |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11984651B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3853945B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN114258613A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102019213208B3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021043494A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT202200002453A1 (it) * | 2022-02-10 | 2023-08-10 | Ask Ind Spa | Antenna per autoveicoli |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3364295B2 (ja) | 1993-10-08 | 2003-01-08 | 株式会社日立国際電気 | 衛星放送受信用平面アレーアンテナ |
DE10330087B3 (de) | 2003-07-03 | 2005-01-20 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Multifunktionsantenne |
DE102006025176C5 (de) | 2006-05-30 | 2023-02-23 | Continental Automotive Technologies GmbH | Antennenmodul für ein Fahrzeug |
US7492318B2 (en) | 2007-02-15 | 2009-02-17 | Laird Technologies, Inc. | Mobile wideband antennas |
DE102009038150B4 (de) | 2009-08-20 | 2013-11-07 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Multiband-Antennenmodul für ein Fahrzeug |
DE102009051605B4 (de) | 2009-11-02 | 2022-08-18 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Hochintegrierte Multiband-Finnenantenne für ein Fahrzeug |
KR102009701B1 (ko) * | 2012-08-23 | 2019-08-12 | 엔티엔 가부시키가이샤 | 도파관 슬롯 안테나 및 이것을 구비하는 무선 장치 |
US10256548B2 (en) * | 2014-01-31 | 2019-04-09 | Kymeta Corporation | Ridged waveguide feed structures for reconfigurable antenna |
US9851436B2 (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2017-12-26 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Radar antenna assembly with panoramic detection |
DE102016006975B3 (de) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-09-07 | Audi Ag | Kraftfahrzeug mit Antennenanordnung |
WO2018051288A1 (en) * | 2016-09-16 | 2018-03-22 | Uhnder, Inc. | Virtual radar configuration for 2d array |
DE102016219164B4 (de) | 2016-10-04 | 2024-05-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Antennenanordnung für ein Fahrzeug und Fahrzeug |
CN106876901A (zh) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-06-20 | 南京大学(苏州)高新技术研究院 | 一种77GHz毫米波汽车防撞雷达天线 |
US11495877B2 (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2022-11-08 | Metawave Corporation | Multi-layer, multi-steering antenna system for autonomous vehicles |
-
2019
- 2019-09-02 DE DE102019213208.1A patent/DE102019213208B3/de active Active
-
2020
- 2020-07-21 US US17/638,648 patent/US11984651B2/en active Active
- 2020-07-21 EP EP20743685.8A patent/EP3853945B1/de active Active
- 2020-07-21 WO PCT/EP2020/070537 patent/WO2021043494A1/de unknown
- 2020-07-21 CN CN202080058190.6A patent/CN114258613A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US11984651B2 (en) | 2024-05-14 |
DE102019213208B3 (de) | 2020-09-24 |
CN114258613A (zh) | 2022-03-29 |
WO2021043494A1 (de) | 2021-03-11 |
EP3853945B1 (de) | 2022-04-20 |
US20220294102A1 (en) | 2022-09-15 |
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