EP3847015A1 - Composite glass with an intermediate film that changes colour depending on the viewing angle - Google Patents
Composite glass with an intermediate film that changes colour depending on the viewing angleInfo
- Publication number
- EP3847015A1 EP3847015A1 EP19762906.6A EP19762906A EP3847015A1 EP 3847015 A1 EP3847015 A1 EP 3847015A1 EP 19762906 A EP19762906 A EP 19762906A EP 3847015 A1 EP3847015 A1 EP 3847015A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- intermediate film
- viewing angle
- layer
- laminated glass
- film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019646 color tone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910016570 AlCu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000637 aluminium metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052950 sphalerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036561 sun exposure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
- B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
- B32B17/10504—Liquid crystal layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
- B32B17/1022—Metallic coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
- B44F1/00—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects
- B44F1/06—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects produced by transmitted light, e.g. transparencies, imitations of glass paintings
- B44F1/066—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects produced by transmitted light, e.g. transparencies, imitations of glass paintings comprising at least two transparent elements, e.g. sheets, layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
- B44F1/00—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects
- B44F1/08—Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects characterised by colour effects
- B44F1/10—Changing, amusing, or secret pictures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0098—Organic pigments exhibiting interference colours, e.g. nacrous pigments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
- C09K19/02—Liquid crystal materials characterised by optical, electrical or physical properties of the components, in general
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1044—Invariable transmission
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10651—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/402—Coloured
- B32B2307/4026—Coloured within the layer by addition of a colorant, e.g. pigments, dyes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/414—Translucent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/416—Reflective
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/42—Polarizing, birefringent, filtering
Definitions
- the invention relates to a laminated glass, which acts differently depending on the side by means of an intermediate film.
- Laminated glass generally comprises two or more panes of glass which comprise at least one intermediate film to increase the break resistance of the laminated glass.
- laminated glass should be reflective from the outside to reduce sun exposure and semi-transparent from the inside to allow a view to the outside.
- Laminated glass is already being offered, which comprises a regular pattern of opaque intermediate film pieces, which appears semi-transparent from the inside.
- the intermediate film pieces are coated on the inside black and on the outside with a selectable color, for example in a green or a blue color, reflective.
- coated films which, for example, have different colors depending on the viewing angle, and known coatings with pigments which act differently depending on the viewing angle.
- the object of the invention is to provide a laminated glass which is optically attractive to the viewer and which can be produced in particular at low cost. The object is achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims.
- the dependent claims relate to preferred configurations.
- the laminated glass comprises at least two glass and / or plastic plates and an intermediate film arranged between the glass and / or plastic plates. Due to the intermediate film, the laminated glass is designed differently depending on the side. It is preferably semi-transparent from the inside and reflective from the outside. In the present case, the laminated glass is adapted by the intermediate film to appear different from the outside depending on the viewing angle.
- the laminated glass is therefore not only visually more attractive to the viewer, but also much more versatile.
- the viewing angle dependency can serve to represent a motif, such as company logo, or information, such as text, numbers or directional arrow (s).
- the viewing angle dependency of the laminated glass can be adapted to the installation location, for example to the color of the background, such as the surrounding area or neighboring building, depending on the viewing angle.
- the viewing angle dependence is provided in the intermediate film by a relief structure, an interference layer structure or pigments in a pigment layer.
- a viewing angle dependency that is adjusted, for example, with regard to motif, viewing angle or color tones, does not require re-certification of the laminated glass, since only parameters of the relief structure, the interference layer structure or the pigment of the intermediate film can be adapted. In particular, other substances, additional layers or other types of pigment are not required.
- the intermediate film can provide different viewing angle dependencies, which may be combined with one another.
- the laminated glass appears reflective in a first colored hue and at a second viewing angle, preferably a second viewing angle range, non-colored - in particular reflective or non-reflective - or in one second color shade reflective.
- a movement in particular of a motif or several partial areas, can be represented for the viewer depending on the viewing angle.
- a motif such as a company logo or an arrow, can move on a building facade, in particular optionally in the direction of movement of an observer moving in front of the building, against the direction of movement, orthogonal to the observer's movement direction or with a changing motif movement direction for a linear observer - Direction of movement.
- the intermediate film comprises a partial layer with pigments, the color of which depends on the viewing angle.
- the pigments are preferably aligned uniformly.
- interference layer pigments can be used which, depending on the viewing angle, reflect in two different colored shades.
- the colored shades can be selected by means of a partial layer thickness of the interference layer pigments, usually a spacer layer.
- the intermediate film comprises a partial layer with liquid crystal pigments, the color of which depends on the viewing angle.
- the intermediate film comprises a partial film layer and further partial layers, such as the pigment layer.
- the intermediate film may chicht comprise a non-reflective and dark sub S.
- This partial layer makes the intermediate film appear semi-transparent from the inside. It is preferably a semitransparent sublayer, but can also be opaque in the case of intermediate foils arranged over part of the surface.
- the semitransparent sublayer is preferably arranged on one surface, the inside or the outside, of a film sublayer.
- the semi-transparent, non-reflecting and dark partial layer is particularly preferably black and / or matt. It can also serve as a background for a full-surface partial layer with liquid crystal pigments.
- the intermediate film comprises an interference layer structure.
- the interference layer structure preferably comprises three (and optionally two or five) partial layers.
- the thickness of a spacer layer of the interference layer structure becomes a first (and a second) Determine the hue.
- a dielectric partial layer or the partial film layer of the intermediate film is preferably used as the spacer layer.
- the spacer layer is arranged between two semi-transparent, reflecting partial layers, which can be formed in particular from a metal or from highly reflective material.
- one, preferably exactly two, three or all, of the following sub-layers of the intermediate film is formed over the entire surface at least: foil-enteil harsh, chicht pigment layer, the relief layer, first reflector layer, distance S and / or second semi-transparent reflector layer.
- An opaque partial layer or a matt structure of the intermediate film would generally be formed over part of the area, such that the laminated glass appears semi-transparent from the inside.
- a semi-transparent partial layer of the intermediate film is formed over the entire surface, so that the laminated glass has a semi-transparent effect from the inside.
- the intermediate film has a relief layer.
- the relief layer can be an embossed partial layer, in particular the film partial layer and / or an embossed partial layer, preferably formed by an embossing lacquer, in particular a curable one, can be embossed.
- the relief layer or the embossing has a coloring effect on the outside if it is formed, for example, as a color-filtering sub-wavelength structure.
- the relief layer can generate outside the viewing W inkeljotechnik.
- the relief layer can be, for example, a lens structure, a covering structure or a reflector structure.
- a covert re Delivery structure (for example made of knobs, pyramids or lines) obscures the view of a motif surface depending on the viewing angle or enables the view of it.
- the relief structure is particularly preferably a reflector structure, with individual reflectors taking effect depending on the viewing angle, that is to say reflecting in the direction of the viewer.
- Directional flat or curved surfaces, fresnel-like reflectors or lattice-shaped reflector surfaces can serve as directional reflectors of the reflector structure.
- Reflector structures can be used in particular for the effects of a appearing, changing, three-dimensional or moving motif already mentioned.
- the relief structure can be formed on two levels with two partial relief structures, each partial relief structure (or level) reflecting different colors.
- the relief structure can be designed as a matt structure in order to make the laminated glass matt on the inside, that is to say non-reflecting, semi-transparent.
- the intermediate film itself can be provided in a regular or irregular pattern, in particular in a large number of individual intermediate film pieces.
- the intermediate film can be provided over the entire surface or like a net, in particular with a large number of cutouts.
- a full-surface intermediate film can comprise a plurality of individual pre-film pieces or a net-like pre-film, that is to say with a multiplicity of cutouts, on a - preferably transparent - film partial layer.
- at least one partial film layer is present over the entire surface.
- the other partial layers can also be present over the entire surface, provided that they are transparent or semi-transparent.
- the laminated glass has the present, optically effective intermediate film.
- it can also include at least one mechanically effective film.
- Glass or plastic plates in the present sense are stiff and have a minimum thickness of 0.2 mm, preferably a thickness of 0.2 to 15 mm, more preferably of 0.2 to 9 mm.
- Laminated glass is usually more than 0.5 m 2 in size and / or thicker than 10 mm, preferably 15 mm, more preferably 20 mm, in particular 10 to 60 mm, preferably 20 to 45 mm thick.
- Intermediate films are flexible (not rigid). The thickness of the intermediate film is preferably at most 150 gm, preferably less than 100 gm, more preferably less than 60 gm.
- the laminated glass described can advantageously be arranged as a window, such as a building window, vehicle window or other large-area window, in a laminated glass holder.
- a building facade can be formed, for example, from a large number of such windows, which are of identical or different design, in particular with regard to their viewing angle dependency.
- the viewing angle dependency can be designed to be the same or different depending on the implementation in order to achieve the same viewing angle dependency for the large number of windows.
- the large number of windows can deliberately have different viewing dependencies in order to form an overall motif.
- Show it 1 shows in cross section a window with laminated glass, which has an intermediate film
- FIG. 2 shows in cross section a section of the laminated glass with a first embodiment of an intermediate film
- 3 shows in cross section a section of the laminated glass with a second embodiment of an intermediate film
- 4 shows in cross section a section of the laminated glass with a third embodiment of an intermediate film
- the window in FIG. 1 comprises a laminated glass 1 with at least two glass plates 11, 12 and here an optional further glass plate 13 and an intermediate film 20 arranged between the glass plates 11 and 12.
- the laminated glass 1 is arranged in a laminated glass holder 2, which can be a window frame, for example.
- the laminated glass in particular between the glass plates 12 and 13, there can be at least one - not shown - optional additional film layer, which is preferably transparent and serves, for example, as a lamination aid or as a mechanically effective film (such as breakage resistance).
- the intermediate film 20, on the other hand, is an optically active or effective intermediate film.
- the window is semitransparent for an observer 3 through the intermediate film 20.
- the inside I of the window defines also an inside surface of the intermediate film or - if used conceptually - an inside of the intermediate film 20.
- the window through the intermediate film 20 is reflective for the viewer 3 and acts differently depending on the viewing angle.
- a first viewing angle W1 the viewer sees a first appearance of the laminated glass, for example blue reflecting over the entire surface or a brightly reflecting motif against a darkly reflecting background.
- a second viewing angle W2 the viewer sees a second appearance of the laminated glass, for example now reflecting completely green (instead of blue) or a motif in the blue reflecting surface or the bright motif in a different color, in a different position or no longer.
- the laminated glass extends over an area of more than 0.5 m 2 .
- the glass (and / or plastic) plates are rigid. They are regularly a few mm thick, for example 0.8 to 9 mm.
- the intermediate film 20, on the other hand, is flexible (and considerably thinner). It is less than 200gm thick, for example 40-80gm thick.
- FIG. 2 shows in a first variant how the viewing angle dependency and the semi-transparency are achieved with the aid of the intermediate film 20.
- the intermediate film 20 with its sub-layers 21, 22, 23 is arranged between the glass layers 11, 12.
- a transparent partial film layer 21 serves as a carrier layer.
- a black opaque partial S layer 22 arranged on the outside of the partial film layer 21 (or its outside surface). Due to the opaque partial layer 22, which is only partially present, the laminated glass is semi-transparent from the inside.
- the viewing-angle-dependent color changes between a ERS th and a second non-ferrous hue.
- a viewer can see the laminated glass with the first colored hue, such as blue, green or ..., from a viewing angle range of +/- 30 degrees (0 degrees corresponds to vertical viewing). If the viewer now moves out of this viewing angle range, the hue changes. From an angle of more than + 30 degrees, ie in a second viewing angle range (or less than - 30 degrees - an optional further viewing angle range), the laminated glass for the viewer reflects in the second colored color, such as green, yellow or. .. respectively.
- the pigment sublayer comprises, for example, liquid crystal pigments or interference layer pigments.
- the screened opaque sublayer 22 serves as a background, which makes the color tone (depending on the viewing angle) more recognizable.
- Liquid crystal pigments are usually aligned uniformly in order to produce the desired color impression.
- Interference layer pigments could also be aligned, for example magnetically or by embossing, in order to make the color impression clearer.
- the pigments of the pigment layer can be aligned.
- the alignment can be carried out, for example, by means of a magnetic field.
- Reflective pigments can thus be used like directional reflectors.
- opaque or reflective pigments can be aligned like blinds.
- the semi-transparent partial layer 22 could also be applied to the inside of the partial film layer 21. It should also be mentioned that the semi-transparent partial layer 22 - on one side or the other - could also be designed as a full-surface semi-transparent partial layer.
- FIG. 3 shows such a full-surface semi-transparent partial layer 32 on an inside of a film partial layer 31.
- Semi-transparent partial layers, such as the partial layer 32 are preferably dark and matt, ie non-reflective. The laminated glass thus appears semi-transparent to the viewer from the inside.
- the viewing angle dependency is generated by a multilayer structure (or interference layer structure) 33.
- the multilayer structure 33 is arranged on the outside on the partial film layer 21.
- the multilayer structure 33 comprises two semi-transparent reflector layers 331 and 333 between which a spacer layer 332 is arranged.
- the semi-transparent reflector layers 331 and 333 can be formed by metal or high-index material.
- the spacer layer 332 is preferably transparent, but can optionally comprise a color pigment that supports a discrete color change. The thickness of the spacer layer 332 determines the two color shades in which the multilayer structure 33 appears reflective depending on the viewing angle.
- the multi-layer structure 33 can comprise further layers, for example a symmetrical five-layer structure with a further spacer layer and a further semi-transparent reflector layer or an asymmetrical five-layer structure with two further HRI layers.
- the multilayer structure 33 or at least one or two of its partial layers 331 and 333 are preferably applied over the entire surface.
- the partial layer 331 can - for example by means of a roughened, structured or embossed outer surface of the partial film layer 31 - have a matt effect on the inside and a reflective effect on the outside.
- the film sublayer 21, 31 can also serve as a non-reflecting layer.
- a black colored film layer 21, 31 can be used.
- an interference layer structure in particular are regularly created using PVD coating.
- an interference layer structure can also be produced by means of coextrusion, for example from a sequence of dielectric layers with a selectively different refractive index.
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which both the semi-transparency and the viewing angle dependency are achieved by means of a relief structure.
- a non-reflecting partial layer 42 of the intermediate film 40 is formed by an embossed matt structure.
- the mat structure can in the inner surface-che be shaped part of the film layer or in an additional pre ge (paint) S chicht. If the matt structure is opaque, it can - as shown in FIG. 4 - be partially formed in order to achieve the semi-transparency even with a full-surface intermediate film.
- the relief structure 43 of the intermediate film 40 generates the viewing angle dependency. It is arranged on the outside on the partial film layer.
- the relief structure is formed by a lens structure 433 and a color layer 431, an optional intermediate layer
- the color layer 431 is designed alternately with two different (semitransparent) colors to match the lens rater. A viewer sees through lens structure 433 only the first of the two colors from a negative viewing angle and only the second of the two colors from positive viewing angles. The laminated glass therefore appears in the first or second colored hue depending on the viewing angle. It should be noted that the color layer 431 does not have to be present over the entire surface. Rather, due to the focusing effect of the lens structure, it is sufficient to provide, for example, 10% of the area with the corresponding color.
- a reflector structure can also be used as the relief structure.
- FIG. 4 could be conceptually simple coat of paint and relief S chicht arrange mirrored.
- the viewer looks through the color layer at directional reflectors which, depending on the viewing angle, show the viewer only one of the two colors.
- STRUCTURES reflector having a plurality of directional reflectors can - without a layer spaced color - different viewing angle dependent effects produce.
- the alignment of, for example, planar, directed reflectors is essentially modulated locally in the reflector structure in such a way that a motif only appears in a certain viewing angle range (lights up reflectively) or moves with the viewing angle (lights up reflectively at different positions).
- the de- Tails of how such relief structures work are sufficiently well known in the field of banknotes.
- the intermediate film 50v is semitransparent and can be present over the entire surface.
- a large number of individual intermediate film pieces 50r or an intermediate film network 50n are only partially present in the laminated glass. They can therefore also be opaque (or semi-transparent) so that the laminated glass appears semi-transparent from the inside.
- the intermediate film pieces are preferably formed uniformly and arranged in a grid.
- the intermediate film network 50n comprises a plurality of cutouts.
- a large number of individual pieces arranged on a transparent film layer and optically dependent on the viewing angle (pre-film) can also form a full-surface intermediate film. In supervision, this full-surface intermediate film would be comparable to the plurality of intermediate film pieces 50r shown.
- the intermediate film 50v, 50r, 50n can be provided as a whole (positive viewpoint-dependent motif) or left out (negative motif with background-dependent background).
- the relief structures that are dependent on the viewing angle can comprise (reflecting) Fresnel structures or plane-directed micromirrors.
- the reflective coating of the reflectors can be created either with a PVD metallization made of Al, Ag, Au, Cu, AlCu, ZnS or TiN or with the help of, in particular nanoscale or platelet-shaped, Metal pigments are printed.
- other metallic colors can be made available. For example, overprinting an aluminum metallization with translucent yellow color gives it a golden appearance.
- a combination of the above-mentioned viewing angle-dependent structures is even conceivable.
- a relief structure that appears dependent on the viewing angle can be provided with an interference coating (motif changes - at the same time or in a wider viewing angle range - the color).
- a laminated glass is produced with the steps of providing the intermediate film and the corresponding side-oriented arrangement of the intermediate film between the glass plates.
- the intermediate film is provided, for example, by creating the viewing angle-dependent structure (pigment layer, interference layer or relief structure) on a black film or by transferring the viewing angle-dependent structure from an intermediate carrier to the black film. If the black film (partial layer) were semitransparent, it could be used over the entire surface, like a grid or like a grid.
- the starting film can be opaque (or semi-transparent) black. Then the black film with the viewing angle-dependent structure is punched, lasered or cut into individual (pre-film pieces or) intermediate film pieces.
- the individual intermediate film pieces are placed correctly on a glass plate and laminated between this glass plate and another glass plate. If, on the other hand, the individual pieces are first transferred to a - preferably - transparent film sublayer, they form pre-film pieces. The intermediate film created from the film layer and the pre-film pieces is laminated in the correct direction between two glass plates.
- Large-scale dynamic effects on windows or facades can also be realized, for example, as follows. Starting from a large number of uniform intermediate film pieces with a predetermined reflector inclination, the azimuth angle (and thus the orientation of the reflector) is controlled when the intermediate film pieces are arranged. of 15 degrees, or include a large number of small reflectors with the same angle of inclination, with a glazing color-imparting or a color-tilting coating optionally being provided.
- the individual reflectors form the pixels of the motif, which determine the effect or the motif according to their orientation.
- Black is the preferred color for the inside, but other, preferably dark, hues can also be used.
- the laminated glass, viewed from the inside also appears to be dependent on the viewing angle.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018007108.2A DE102018007108A1 (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2018-09-07 | Laminated glass with a variable color intermediate film depending on the viewing angle |
PCT/EP2019/025290 WO2020048638A1 (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2019-09-02 | Composite glass with an intermediate film that changes colour depending on the viewing angle |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3847015A1 true EP3847015A1 (en) | 2021-07-14 |
Family
ID=67851090
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19762906.6A Pending EP3847015A1 (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2019-09-02 | Composite glass with an intermediate film that changes colour depending on the viewing angle |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11745474B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3847015A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2021535882A (en) |
CN (1) | CN112601660A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102018007108A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020048638A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022155801A1 (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-07-28 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display substrate and manufacturing method therefor, and display device |
WO2024071307A1 (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-04-04 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Light modulating body, laminated glass, and automobile |
WO2024071308A1 (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-04-04 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Laminated glass and automobile |
WO2024190750A1 (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2024-09-19 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Interlayer film for laminated glass, and laminated glass |
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EP0170472B1 (en) * | 1984-07-28 | 1989-12-06 | Contra Vision Limited | Panel |
DE3532120A1 (en) | 1985-09-10 | 1987-03-19 | Ver Glaswerke Gmbh | WINDSHIELD WITH A REFLECTIVE DEVICE FOR MIRRORING OPTICAL SIGNALS INTO THE FIELD OF THE DRIVER |
DE3546648C2 (en) * | 1985-09-10 | 1991-05-16 | Volkswagen Ag | |
JPS6461238A (en) | 1987-09-01 | 1989-03-08 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Laminated liquid crystal film and window in use of it |
US4968553A (en) * | 1988-09-16 | 1990-11-06 | Claudio Cesar | Graphic architectural glass |
EP0410952A3 (en) * | 1989-07-27 | 1992-02-26 | Monsanto Company | Optical element for a vehicle windshield |
CN1026890C (en) * | 1991-11-02 | 1994-12-07 | 杨德宁 | Holographic grating resin sandwich transparent glass |
DE69332364D1 (en) * | 1992-01-06 | 2002-11-14 | Shiseido Co Ltd | LAYER BODY |
JP2871401B2 (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1999-03-17 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | Heat shielding glass with reduced film surface reflection |
US6737154B2 (en) * | 1995-06-26 | 2004-05-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Multilayer polymer film with additional coatings or layers |
JPH11157880A (en) * | 1997-11-26 | 1999-06-15 | Central Glass Co Ltd | Glass sheet having improved functionality |
JP2002004738A (en) * | 2000-06-22 | 2002-01-09 | Yamaha Livingtec Corp | Entrance door laminated sheet glass |
DE10050345C1 (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2002-05-08 | Andreas Peter Galac | Process for the production of laminated glass with a matting |
US7169472B2 (en) * | 2003-02-13 | 2007-01-30 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Robust multilayer magnetic pigments and foils |
JP2004307303A (en) | 2003-04-10 | 2004-11-04 | Maeda Kankyo Bijutsu Kk | Ornamental plate and manufacturing method therefor |
ES2378069T3 (en) * | 2004-04-01 | 2012-04-04 | Industria Bergamasca Rifrangenti S.R.L. | Method to produce a high visibility printed product |
DE102006057049A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2008-06-05 | Glas Trösch Holding AG | Decorative laminated glass useful in interior and exteriors of building and construction element, comprises two glass plates/discs out of another equivalent material, whose surfaces turned to one another are connected by intermediate layer |
DE102007059818B3 (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-04-09 | Saint-Gobain Sekurit Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Window pane with a flat electrical connection element |
US20090169795A1 (en) | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-02 | Andre Fiechter | Poster as well as methods and materials for its manufacture |
EP2399735A1 (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2011-12-28 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Laminated glass pane with electrical function and connecting element |
CN106170718A (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2016-11-30 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Antireflection film and functional glass |
MA45082B1 (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2021-12-31 | Saint Gobain | COMPOSITE GLASS WITH A SENSOR SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MAKING A COMPOSITE GLASS WITH A SENSOR SYSTEM |
-
2018
- 2018-09-07 DE DE102018007108.2A patent/DE102018007108A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-09-02 JP JP2021506305A patent/JP2021535882A/en active Pending
- 2019-09-02 US US17/273,265 patent/US11745474B2/en active Active
- 2019-09-02 CN CN201980054602.6A patent/CN112601660A/en active Pending
- 2019-09-02 WO PCT/EP2019/025290 patent/WO2020048638A1/en unknown
- 2019-09-02 EP EP19762906.6A patent/EP3847015A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20210339504A1 (en) | 2021-11-04 |
US11745474B2 (en) | 2023-09-05 |
DE102018007108A1 (en) | 2020-03-12 |
JP2021535882A (en) | 2021-12-23 |
CN112601660A (en) | 2021-04-02 |
WO2020048638A1 (en) | 2020-03-12 |
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