EP3846962A1 - Tête de broche pour une machine-outil et procédé de montage d'une telle tête de broche - Google Patents

Tête de broche pour une machine-outil et procédé de montage d'une telle tête de broche

Info

Publication number
EP3846962A1
EP3846962A1 EP19756203.6A EP19756203A EP3846962A1 EP 3846962 A1 EP3846962 A1 EP 3846962A1 EP 19756203 A EP19756203 A EP 19756203A EP 3846962 A1 EP3846962 A1 EP 3846962A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centering
spindle
spindle housing
disc
spindle head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19756203.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roger Tresch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fischer Spindle Group Ag
Original Assignee
Fischer Spindle Group Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fischer Spindle Group Ag filed Critical Fischer Spindle Group Ag
Publication of EP3846962A1 publication Critical patent/EP3846962A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/54—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only
    • B23Q1/5406—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2220/00—Machine tool components
    • B23Q2220/006—Spindle heads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spindle head for a machine tool according to the preamble of independent claim 1 and a method for mounting such a spindle head.
  • Machine tools with generic spindle heads are used in the machining of workpieces and are now designed as multi-axis machine tools, which in addition to the movement of the spindle head along the X, Y and Z axes, also a pivoting of the spindle head about an axis perpendicular to the spindle axis of rotation (A-axis) and around another axis (C-axis).
  • spindle heads usually comprise a fork with two fork arms and a spindle unit.
  • the spindle unit comprises a spindle housing, a motor spindle arranged in the spindle housing with a spindle axis of rotation and two hollow shaft ends arranged on the spindle housing, which are aligned on an axis of rotation (A axis) of the spindle unit.
  • the spindle unit is rotatably mounted on the fork arms around the axis of rotation (A-axis).
  • Such one-piece training is disadvantageous in many respects.
  • Either the fork is made in several parts to simplify assembly, which in turn is disadvantageous in terms of the desired rigidity, or the shaft stub must be mounted on the fork arm as close as possible to the spindle housing.
  • This in turn has the disadvantage that the installation in the fork is very complex and the bearings are difficult to access. If a bearing or a bearing at the shaft end is damaged, the spindle unit can only be dismantled with a very high level of effort. In addition, if a bearing on the shaft end is damaged, the entire spindle housing must be replaced.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a simplified and still precise method for mounting such a Spindelkop fes.
  • the object is achieved in a first aspect with a spindle head according to the characterizing part of independent claim 1.
  • a spindle head comprises a fork with two fork arms and a spindle unit.
  • the spindle unit in turn comprises a spindle housing, a motor spindle arranged in the spindle housing and two preferably hollow stub shafts arranged on the spindle housing, the spindle unit being rotatably mounted on the fork arms about an axis of rotation (A axis).
  • the shaft ends are each aligned with a centering disk attached to the spindle housing with a centering surface coaxial with the axis of rotation (A-axis).
  • the stub shafts are preferably hollow in order to be able to carry out supply lines for the spindle unit.
  • the stub shafts are fastened directly to the spindle housing, e.g. B. screwed. This ensures, on the one hand, that the stub shaft can be removed if necessary and replaced if necessary, or that the assembly of the spindle head can be considerably simplified. On the other hand, the direct connection between the stub shaft and the spindle housing results in a very high stiffness of the construction.
  • the centering disk ensures that the two shaft ends are aligned coaxially with the axis of rotation (A-axis).
  • the centering disk and the stub shaft are matched to one another in such a way that the stub shaft is aligned by joining the stub shaft and the centering disk.
  • Centering surface of the centering disk interacts with a correspondingly shaped centering surface of the shaft end, which is also referred to below as the shaft surface.
  • centering effect of the centering surface of the centering disk and / or of the shaft stub need not necessarily be achieved through the entire centering surface.
  • the centering plate is substantially prismatic or truncated pyramid-shaped, the side edges of the lateral surface designed as a centering surface serve as a support for a circular cylindrical-shaped or truncated cone-shaped centering surface of the shaft end.
  • the stub shaft can have a prism-shaped or pyramid-shaped section which extends into an ent speaking circular or frustoconical recess of the centering disc is inserted.
  • a second aspect of the present invention relates to a method for mounting a spindle head as described above with a first centering disk and a second centering disk.
  • the method comprises the following steps: a) fixing the first centering disk to the spindle housing; b) aligning the second centering disk coaxially with the first centering disk and / or with the axis of rotation; c) fixing the second centering disk to the spindle housing; d) Assemble the shaft end with the spindle housing together with the centering discs.
  • Both centering disks are preferably of essentially identical design. This can reduce manufacturing costs and simplify warehousing.
  • the centering surface preferably has an essentially circular cross section.
  • the cross section of the centering surface preferably has an essentially circular cross section.
  • Centering surface refers to a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A-axis).
  • a centering surface with a circular cross section can be produced relatively easily and with very low tolerances, which are decisive for the alignment of the shaft ends.
  • the alignment of a centering disk with such a centering surface is also possible with little effort.
  • the first centering disc is attached to the spindle housing and the second centering disc is then aligned by rotating the spindle housing around the axis of rotation (A axis) that serves as the reference axis and positioning the second centering disc coaxially with the centering surface of the first centering disc and then using a dial gauge is connected to the spindle housing.
  • the centering surface is preferably designed as a side surface of a bore in the centering disk, wherein for aligning the shaft stub has a complementary shaft surface to the centering surface and is inserted into the bore.
  • the drilling axis preferably coincides with the axis of rotation (A axis).
  • the bore is preferably formed as a cylindrical bore, so that the centering surface is essentially cylindrical in shape.
  • the shaft surface of the shaft end serving as the centering surface is likewise essentially cylindrical in shape.
  • the bore can be embodied as a conical bore, so that the centering surface is essentially frustoconical.
  • the shaft surface of the shaft end which serves as the centering surface is likewise essentially frustoconical.
  • a further preferred embodiment provides that the centering surface is designed as an outer surface of the centering disk, wherein for aligning the stub shaft has a bore complementary to the centering surface and on the centering disk be attached.
  • the outer surface is preferably formed con centrically to the axis of rotation (A axis).
  • the centering surface is preferably essentially cylindrical in the form of a jacket.
  • the bore of the shaft is designed as a cylindrical bore.
  • the centering surface can be substantially frustoconical in shape.
  • the bore of the shaft is designed as a conical bore.
  • Each centering disk preferably has two flat and essentially parallel disk surfaces.
  • the Scheibenflä surfaces are preferably formed perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A-axis).
  • the spindle housing preferably has two planar and essentially parallel support surfaces.
  • the contact surfaces are preferably perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A-axis) Asbil det.
  • A-axis axis of rotation
  • a flat disk surface of the centering disk is preferably placed on one of the support surfaces of the spindle housing. This makes it much easier to align the centering disks, because the parallelism of the disk surfaces and the bearing surfaces of the spindle housing means that the centering disks can be positioned in parallel and only the concentricity of the centering surface with the axis of rotation (A-axis) has to be achieved for alignment.
  • the stub shafts and / or the centering disks preferably have an undercut.
  • the undercut is arranged in an area in which the stub shaft and the centering disk touch.
  • the undercut is preferably arranged between an axial and a radial contact surface of the centering disk and the stub shaft. This achieves a very high degree of rigidity in the connection between the spindle housing and the stub shaft.
  • the undercut preferably interrupts a contact surface between the shaft stub and the spindle housing or centering disk, which extends perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A-axis).
  • the power flow of the connecting means for example screws, between the stub shaft and the spindle housing is optimized.
  • a bearing surface of the stub shaft is pressed against the disc surface of the centering disc.
  • the contact surface between the shaft shaft and spindle housing is preferably carried out with a very large diameter and thus enables a very high rigidity of the connection point between shaft shaft and spindle housing to be achieved.
  • the other components such as screws, centering plate and the other, interrupted by the undercut support surface play a subordinate role in the formation of the rigidity.
  • the centering disk is preferably provided with a bolt circle for fastening to the spindle housing.
  • a bolt circle enables a simple yet very precise possibility of connecting the centering disk and the spindle housing.
  • the centering disk is preferably fixed to the spindle housing by means of pins.
  • the centering disk is preferably attached with screws to the spindle housing with play and aligned. After the alignment, the holes for the pins are then, preferably conical, made, finished and then hammered in. This also becomes a very Easy fixation of the centering disc with the spindle housing.
  • the stub shafts are each preferably mounted on the fork arm by means of a rotary bearing, the pivot bearings being arranged in an end region of the stub shaft facing away from the spindle housing.
  • Figure 1 is a partially sectioned side view through an inventive spindle head.
  • Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of the connection area between
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the sectional view of the
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a possible training of the connection between the stub shaft and spindle housing
  • Fig. 5 shows a further schematic representation of a possible
  • Fig. 6 shows a further schematic representation of a possible
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view through a spindle head 1 according to the invention.
  • the sectional plane is a plane which is spanned by a rotational axis A (A axis) of a spindle unit 4 and by a spindle rotational axis S of a motor spindle 6.
  • the spindle head 1 comprises a fork 2 with two fork arms 3 and 3 '. Between the fork arms 3 and 3 'a Spindelein unit 4 is arranged, which comprises the motor spindle 6, which is arranged in a spindle housing 5 egg. Two hollow stub axles 7 and 7 'are on both sides of the spindle housing 5 coaxially to the axis of rotation A of the spindle unit 4 on the spindle housing 5 with fastening screws 22 attached.
  • centering disks 8 and 8' are fastened to the spindle housing 5 and are of identical design. Both centering disks 8 and 8 'and the stub shaft 7 and 7' are thus described below only with reference to the centering disk 8 and the stub shaft 7. However, the description is applicable accordingly to the centering disk 8 'and the stub shaft 7'.
  • the centering disk 8 is visible in the detailed view of FIG. 2 bes.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the spindle head 1 of FIG. 1, the stub shaft 7 and the fastening screws 22 having been removed.
  • the centering disc 8 is only partially visible.
  • the centering disk 8 is substantially annular and has a central cylindrical bore 11.
  • the spindle housing 5 has two mutually parallel support surfaces, of which only the support surface 16 in FIG. 2 is provided with a reference symbol. Accordingly, a support surface 16 'is formed on the opposite side of the spindle housing.
  • the centering disc 8 has two parallel and flat disc surfaces 15 and 15 '.
  • a drilling axis of the bore 11 runs perpendicular to the disk surfaces 15 and 15 '.
  • the drilling axis of the bore 11 of the centering disk 8 is aligned with the axis of rotation A and the centering disk 8 is then fixed with pins 19.
  • the centering disk 8 ' can be fixed directly to the spindle housing 5, the centering disk 8 'then being aligned with the centering disk 8 as a reference. This defines the axis of rotation A.
  • the stub shaft 7 is provided with a shaft surface 12, which che is inserted into the bore 11.
  • the shaft surface 12 of the stub shaft 7 and the centering surface 9 are matched to one another in such a way that an exact fit is achieved.
  • the stub shaft 7 is then by means of the mounting screws 22 which in the threaded holes 24 of the Screw housing 5 are screwed and of which only two are visible in Figure 1, firmly connected to the spindle housing 5.
  • only two threaded bores 24 of a hole circle in FIG. 1 are provided with reference numerals.
  • the centering disc 8 is provided at the transition from the centering surface 9 to the disc surface 15 'with an undercut 17 in order to design the force flow of the screw connection in such a way that a high surface pressure occurs on the surface of the shaft stub 7 which is external to the rotational axis A, which abuts the disc surface 15 '.
  • This allows a very high stiffness speed of the connection between the stub shaft 7 and Spindelgephin se 5 can be achieved, which is ver comparable with one-piece constructions.
  • the surface pressure which occurs at the contact point between the end surface of the shaft stub 7 facing the spindle housing and the bearing surface 16 of the spindle housing plays a relatively minor role.
  • the shaft ends 7 and 7 ' are then supported by roller bearings 20 in the fork arms 3 and 3', which allow the rotation of the Spindelein unit 4 about the axis of rotation A.
  • roller bearings 20 can be arranged in an end region 21 of the shaft ends 7 and 7 ′, which end region 21 of the spindle unit 4 faces away.
  • the roller bearings 20 are thus more accessible and can e.g. can be better replaced in the event of any damage, without the spindle head 1 having to be disassembled.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further design option of a centering disk 8 and a shaft end 7 schematically in cross section, similar to FIG. 2.
  • the centering disk 8 is formed essentially in a ring shape and has two parallel and flat disk surfaces 15 and 15 'a central bore 11.
  • the bore 11 is designed in the sem embodiment as a conical bore 11.
  • the side surface 10 of the bore 11, which serves as the centering surface 9, is thus formed in the shape of a truncated cone.
  • the stub shaft 7 has a frustoconical shaft surface 12. A radial play between the centering disk 8 and the shaft end 7 with respect to the axis of rotation A is largely avoided by the conical shape.
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows a further design option of a centering disk 8 and a shaft stub 7 in cross section, similar to FIG. 2.
  • pins 19, fastening screws 22 and screws ben 23 have not been shown.
  • the centering disk 8 is essentially annular and has two parallel and plane disk surfaces 15 and 15 '.
  • the centering surface 9 is designed as a cylindrical outer surface 13 of the centering disk 8.
  • the stub shaft 7 has a cylindrical bore 14. To align the shaft stub 7, the centering disk 8 fixed and aligned with the spindle housing 5 is inserted into the bore 14. The outer surface of the bore 14 of the stub shaft 7 and the centering surface 9 are matched to one another in such a way that an exact fit is achieved. Thus, when the centering disk 8 is inserted into the bore 14, the stub shaft 7 is aligned coaxially with the axis of rotation A.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further design option of a centering disk 8 and a shaft stub 7 schematically in cross section, similar to FIG. 2.
  • pins 19, fastening screws 22 and screws 23 have been omitted for the sake of clarity.
  • the centering disk 8 is essentially annular and has two parallel and plane disk surfaces 15 and 15 '.
  • the centering surface 9 is designed as an outer surface 13 of the centering disk 8 in the shape of a truncated cone.
  • the stub shaft 7 has a conical bore 14. To align the shaft stub 7, the centering disk 8 fixed and aligned with the spindle housing 5 is inserted into the bore 14. The outer surface of the bore 14 of the stub shaft 7 and the centering surface 9 are matched to one another in such a way that an exact fit is achieved. Thus, when the centering disk 8 is inserted into the bore 14, the stub shaft 7 is aligned coaxially with the axis of rotation A. In addition, with respect to the axis of rotation A radial play between the centering disk 8 and the shaft stub 7 is largely avoided by the conical shape.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Holding Or Fastening Of Disk On Rotational Shaft (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une tête de broche (1) pour une machine-outil contenant une fourche (2) équipée de deux bras de fourche (3, 3') et une unité de broche (4) équipée d'un boîtier de broche (5), une broche moteur (6) montée dans le boîtier de broche (5) et deux bouts d'arbre (7, 7') de préférence creux, disposés sur le boîtier de broche (5), ladite unité de broche (4) étant montée de façon rotative autour d'un axe de rotation (A) sur les bras de fourche (3, 3'). Selon l'invention, les bouts d'arbre (7, 7') sont orientés chacun avec un disque de centrage (8, 8') fixé au boîtier de broche (5) avec une surface de centrage (9) coaxiale à l'axe de rotation (A). L'invention concerne également un procédé de montage d'une telle tête de broche (1) comprenant les étapes suivantes : a) fixation du premier disque de centrage (8) sur le boîtier de broche (5) ; b) alignement du deuxième disque de centrage (8') coaxiale au premier disque de centrage (8) et/ou à l'axe de rotation (A) ; c) fixation du deuxième disque de centrage (8') sur le boîtier de broche (5) ; d) assemblage des bouts d'arbre (7, 7') au boîtier de broche (5) avec les disques de centrage (8, 8').
EP19756203.6A 2018-09-07 2019-08-26 Tête de broche pour une machine-outil et procédé de montage d'une telle tête de broche Withdrawn EP3846962A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18193099.1A EP3620261A1 (fr) 2018-09-07 2018-09-07 Tête de broche pour une machine-outil
PCT/EP2019/072707 WO2020048808A1 (fr) 2018-09-07 2019-08-26 Tête de broche pour une machine-outil et procédé de montage d'une telle tête de broche

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3846962A1 true EP3846962A1 (fr) 2021-07-14

Family

ID=63528556

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18193099.1A Withdrawn EP3620261A1 (fr) 2018-09-07 2018-09-07 Tête de broche pour une machine-outil
EP19756203.6A Withdrawn EP3846962A1 (fr) 2018-09-07 2019-08-26 Tête de broche pour une machine-outil et procédé de montage d'une telle tête de broche

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18193099.1A Withdrawn EP3620261A1 (fr) 2018-09-07 2018-09-07 Tête de broche pour une machine-outil

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (2) EP3620261A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020048808A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114535678B (zh) * 2022-03-07 2023-03-24 中国北方车辆研究所 一种高集成度同轴双分度万能铣头装置
CN117564307B (zh) * 2024-01-19 2024-04-05 山东豪迈数控机床有限公司 一种主轴管路连接结构及机床

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5584621A (en) * 1995-06-13 1996-12-17 Bertsche Engineering Corp. Direct drive multiple axes rotary spindle head for milling machine
EP1880796B2 (fr) * 2006-07-18 2011-11-02 Franz Kessler GmbH Tête rotative à axes multiples pour machine-outil
JP4981556B2 (ja) * 2007-07-12 2012-07-25 津田駒工業株式会社 工作機械の主軸ヘッド
DE102008051613B4 (de) 2008-10-08 2010-07-01 Tramec Gmbh Fräskopf

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3620261A1 (fr) 2020-03-11
WO2020048808A1 (fr) 2020-03-12

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