EP3844061A1

EP3844061A1 - Reactor

Info

Publication number: EP3844061A1
Application number: EP19752491.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Andreas Thiele; Svenja BIERBAUM; Joerg Grube; Wiebke MATTHIAS; Pascal PHILIPPSEN; Juergen Wetzel
Original assignee: SKF Marine GmbH
Current assignee: SKF Marine GmbH
Priority date: 2018-08-31
Filing date: 2019-08-08
Publication date: 2021-07-07
Also published as: CA3111143A1; KR20210050557A; DE102018214863A1; JP2021536352A; WO2020043457A1; CN113226917A; US20210197945A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a reactor for cleaning liquids, particularly ballast water on ships, comprising a reactor housing. Said reactor housing has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet and a reactor tube arranged in the housing, which reactor tube produces a fluid communication between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet. The inner wall of the reactor tube has at least one channel-type or groove-type axial cavity, extending over the entire length of the reactor tube, for receiving portions of an elongate treatment means.

Description

reactor

description

The present invention relates to a reactor for cleaning

Liquids, in particular ballast water on ships, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Ships regularly take up ballast water for improved stabilization and release it again when necessary. The ballast water is taken directly from the water, filtered, in accordance with legal requirements

Determinations of microorganisms, microorganisms and the like are freed or disinfected and then stored in a ballast water tank. Disinfection is usually carried out in a reactor by means of treatment with ultraviolet radiation (UV radiation) and / or with ultrasound waves (US waves). When returning the

Ballast water is led into the water again through the reactor and disinfected again. However, filtering is not mandatory.

Known reactors for cleaning ballast water have one

Reactor housing that has a liquid inlet and a

Has liquid outlet. A reactor tube is arranged in the reactor housing and establishes a fluid connection between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet. The reactor housing has one

cylindrical inner wall and is axially penetrated by a variety of elongated treatment agents such as UV lamps. In addition, at least one US rod sonotrode is usually provided, which extends into the reactor tube.

The object of the invention is to provide a reactor with an improved

To create cleaning effect.

This object is achieved by a reactor with the features of patent claim 1.

A reactor according to the invention for cleaning liquids,

in particular of ballast water on ships, has a reactor housing that has a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet. By doing A reactor tube is arranged that creates a fluid connection between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet. According to the invention, the reactor has at least one recess on its inner wall for receiving a treatment agent in sections. The depression has an elongated or groove-like or channel-like shape and extends over the entire length of the reactor tube. On

exemplary treatment agent is an elongated lamp that

emits ultraviolet radiation (UV). By arranging a

Treatment agent in the at least one inner wall

Deepening improves the cleaning effect compared to one

conventional reactor with a reactor tube with a cylindrical inner wall.

The at least one depression is preferably rounded. It is designed as a concave cavity in the inner wall. This measure prevents unfavorable flow conditions through the depressions

prevented. This also ensures that the recess-side inner wall section surface around the treatment agent in one

is guided around a constant distance, which further improves the cleaning effect, since the recess-side inner wall section surface has the same distance from the treatment agent over its entire circumferential and axial extent.

The cleaning effect can also be improved in that a plurality of depressions for receiving one each

Treatment agent is provided. As a result, a large number of UV lamps, for example, can be arranged in the reactor, so that the UV treatment takes place over the entire flow cross section of the reactor tube.

To even out the treatment, it is preferred if the

Wells in the circumferential direction are evenly distributed over the inner wall.

When viewed in the circumferential direction of the reactor tube, the sum of the

Inner wall section areas between the depressions is smaller than the sum of the recess-side inner wall section areas, shadow spaces or shading can be prevented, whereby the

Cleaning effect is further improved. The front of the reactor housing can accommodate the

Have treatment agents, wherein some of the receptacles are arranged in a ring and at least one of the receptacles is positioned in the center between the annularly arranged receptacles. A further treatment agent can be introduced into the central receptacle, so that the number of the first treatment agent, such as UV lamps, can be increased further, or another treatment agent, for example an ultrasonic rod sonotrode (US sonotrode), can be introduced into the reactor tube, so that a second treatment procedure can be carried out for disinfection. The fact that the receptacle is arranged in the center ensures that the ballast water is treated over the entire flow cross section of the reactor tube.

In order to check an effect of the treatment or to adjust the treatment agents, for example with regard to their radiation power / dose / intensity or their number to be activated, it can be advantageous to record a measured value in the ballast water in the reactor tube. For example, the sensor can be set up to

To determine the permeability of UV radiation or the propagation of sound waves due to a US exposure. In order not to impede the treatment, it is preferred if a sensor provided for this purpose can be inserted radially into the reactor space.

A preferred reactor has a large number of treatment agents which are matched to the respective depression in such a way that they are accommodated in the depression with more than 50% of their cross-sectional area. As a result, the treatment agents are each large in the respective

Well arranged, which further improves the cleaning effect.

Other advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of further dependent claims.

A preferred starting example of the invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of schematic representations. Show it:

1 shows a longitudinal section through a reactor according to the invention, and FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the reactor according to the invention in the area of a sensor receptacle. FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a reactor 2 according to the invention for cleaning a liquid. The reactor 2 is mounted, for example, on board a ship and is used for the disinfectant treatment of sea water when used as ballast water. Before the sea water is led into a ballast tank, not shown, it is passed through the reactor 2 and thus subjected to the treatment. Depending on national or international regulations, the ballast water is also fed to the reactor 2 for repeated treatment before it is returned from the ballast water tank to the water.

Before the ballast water is introduced into the reactor housing 2, it is filtered in a filter, not shown, for example with a mesh width of 20 μm. This will remove impurities and

Microorganisms h20pm away. Filtering takes place when the ballast water is absorbed, but not necessarily when the ballast water is removed from a ballast water tank. The filter device works continuously.

The reactor 2 has a cylindrical shape according to FIGS. 1 and 2

Reactor housing 4. The reactor housing 4 has two interiors 8, 10 separated from one another by a partition 6, which are closed in a fluid-tight manner on the side remote from the partition 6 by a cover 12, 14 in each case. The interiors 8, 10 are each opened via an upper radial pipe socket 16, 18, one pipe socket 16 as the liquid inlet and the other pipe socket 18 as

Serves liquid outlet. To empty the interiors 8, 10,

for cleaning, for example, is a bottom up and down

controllable emptying device 17, 19 is provided. The interiors 8, 10 have the same inside diameter, but preferably

different axial lengths. In the exemplary embodiment shown here, the interior 10 on the outlet side has a greater axial extent than the interior 8 on the inlet side. Through a central opening 20 in the partition 6, a reactor tube 22 is guided in a fluid-tight manner

Establishes fluid connection between the two interiors 8, 10. The opening 20 is arranged centrally in the partition 6, so that

Reactor tube 22 is positioned centrally in the interior 8, 10.

The interiors 8, 10 preferably each have one

Flow cross section which is substantially larger, for example approximately twice as large as the flow cross section of the reactor tube 22. As a result, the liquid to be treated is calmed down in the interiors 8, 10. The inlet 16 and the outlet 18 have

preferably a uniform flow cross section which is the same or almost the same as the flow cross section of the reactor tube 22.

The reactor tube 22 is open at its two end faces over its entire flow cross section. The ballast water thus axially enters the reactor tube 22, flows axially through it and exits the reactor tube 22 axially. The reactor tube 22 is closed on the circumference.

This has the advantage that along the treatment agent

Ballast water flows only axially. Only in that

The ballast water is deflected and meets the opening region and outlet region of the reactor tube 22 perpendicularly

Treatment agent. The reactor tube 22 has an inner wall which is provided with a multiplicity of elongate depressions 24a to 24e which are uniformly distributed over the circumference (FIG. 2). The depressions 24a to 24e extend over the entire length of the reactor and each form a recess-side inner wall section surface 26 which is curved radially outward as seen from the longitudinal axis x of the reactor tube. The depressions 24a to 24e are, starting from a cylindrical or almost

cylindrical inner wall, quasi rounded hollows, each with a constant cross-section over their entire length. The depressions 24a to 24e are thus formed between axial elevations 25 which protrude radially inwards. The well side

Inner wall section surfaces 26 merge into each other via a radially inner inner wall section surface 28. Viewed in the circumferential direction of the reactor tube 22 is the sum of the recess-side

Inner wall section surfaces 26 are substantially larger than the sum of those lying between the depressions 24a to 24e

Inner wall section surfaces 28. The depressions 24a to 24e serve to receive a treatment agent 30a to 30e, for example one UV lamp each for irradiating the ballast water flowing through the reactor tube 22 with ultraviolet radiation.

The UV lamps continuously emit UV light within one

preferred wavelength range from 200nm to 400nm at different intensities. Since different microorganisms absorb different wavelengths, this bandwidth enables a multitude of

Detect and deactivate microorganisms. The treatment agents 30a to 30e extend over the entire length of the reactor tube 22 and emerge from the ends 12, 14 in a fluid-tight manner through corresponding receptacles 32, 34 (FIG. 1). They are in each case radially objected to by the inner peripheral portion surfaces 26 on the recess side. Their positioning in the recesses 24a to 24e is such that the recess-side

Inner circumferential section surfaces 26 are guided around the respective treatment agent 30a to 30e at a constant distance (FIG. 1).

The treatment agents 30a to 30e are preferably immersed in the respective recess 24a to 24e with more than 50% of their cross-sectional area.

In the middle between the treatment agents 30a to 30e are on the

Reactor tube longitudinal axis x further treatment agents 36a, 36b arranged (Figure 1). The other treatment agents 36a, 36b are here

exemplary ultrasonic rod sonotrodes (US sonotrodes). They are guided fluid-tight through a cover-side central receptacle 40, 42 located in the center of the annularly arranged receptacles 32, 34 and arranged opposite one another. They are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the reactor tube 22. The further treatment means 36a, 36b preferably extend over 30% of the axial length of the reactor tube 22.

The treatment with ultrasound causes high pressure phases (compression) and low pressure phases (rarefaction). Steam-filled microbubbles, so-called cavities, in the liquid expand in the low-pressure phase and are compressed in the high-pressure phase, which ultimately causes the microbubbles to be destroyed within milliseconds. This releases a large amount of energy, which in turn is high locally

Temperatures and pressure waves. The high temperatures cause the enzymes and proteins to be denatured, for example. The pressure waves cause damage to the zooplankton, for example. The ultrasound is applied continuously. A preferred one

Frequency spectrum is in the range in which physical / mechanical effects of ultrasound exposure predominate. This is in

low-frequency range in which cavity formation is more pronounced than in the high-frequency range at approx. 500 kHz. For example

low frequency range is around 20 kHz. There are big bubbles large pressure pulses and high temperatures when the bubbles collapse. Thus, physical / mechanical effects dominate, which have a destructive effect on parts and microorganisms. The effect of the US treatment also depends on the ultrasound dose, which can be varied.

The combination of UV treatment and US treatment increases the disinfectant effect on the microorganisms. As a result, the risk of reactivation of the microorganisms is considerably reduced or even avoided. A combined treatment is also more effective than a single treatment with only ultraviolet radiation or with ultrasound waves.

A sensor 44, which is arranged in a sensor tube 46, is provided for detecting a measured value in the liquid. The sensor tube 46 runs radially to the longitudinal axis X of the reactor tube and penetrates fluid-tightly through a radial opening in the reactor housing 4, which is not numbered, and a radial opening 48 in the reactor tube 22, being flush with a

recess-side inner peripheral portion surface 26 completes. The sensor 44 is here, for example, a UV sensor, by means of which one

Permeability of the ballast water to the UV radiation is measured.

The permeability can be used to adjust and control the

Treatment agents 30a to 30e, 36a, 36b serve. The measuring range of the sensor 44 is coordinated with the UV lamps. Its measuring range is preferably 0 to 1000W / m ² . When viewed in the flow direction, the sensor 44 is preferably located behind the dividing wall 6. It is therefore arranged behind the center of the reactor tube, so that the

Sensor tube 46 extends through the rear interior 10.

It should be mentioned that in principle there is also the possibility of treating the ballast water directly in the interior spaces 8, 10. In the interior 8 on the inlet side, one such

Pretreatment and aftertreatment take place in the interior 10 on the outlet side. The “core treatment” would then take place in the reactor tube 22. For this purpose, appropriate treatment agents, for example US sonotrodes 36a, 36a, could be inserted in corresponding receptacles in the covers 12, 14

be used. In particular, different types of treatment, for example UV treatment or US treatment, could be the same

Treatment with a different power / intensity / dose. For example, because the interior 10 on the outlet side has a greater axial extent than the interior 8 on the inlet side, longer US rod sonotrodes 36a, 36b could be used in the interior 10 on the outlet side.

Disclosed is reactor for cleaning liquids, in particular ballast water on ships, with a reactor housing that one

Has liquid inlet and a liquid outlet and in which a reactor tube is arranged, which has a fluid connection between the

Establishes liquid inlet and the liquid outlet, the reactor tube on its inner wall at least one gutter or

has groove-like axial cavity for receiving an elongated treatment agent in sections, which extends over the entire length of the reactor tube.

Reference list

2 reactor

4 reactor housings

6 partition

8 interior

10 interior

12 lids

14 cover

16 admission

17 emptying device

18 outlet

19 emptying device

20 opening in partition

22 reactor tube

24a to 24e deepening

25 survey

26 recess-side inner peripheral portion surface

28 inner peripheral portion surface between recesses

30a to 30e treatment agent

32 UV exposure

34 UV exposure

36a, b treatment agents

40 UV exposure

42 UV exposure

44 sensor

46 sensor tube

48 Opening in the reactor tube x longitudinal axis of the reactor tube

Claims

claims

1. Reactor (2) for cleaning liquids, in particular

Ballast water on ships, with a reactor housing (4) which has a liquid inlet (16) and a liquid outlet (18) and in which a reactor tube (22) is arranged which provides a fluid connection between the liquid inlet (16) and the liquid outlet (18) manufactures, characterized in that the reactor tube (22) has on its inner wall at least one elongated recess (24a to 24e) for receiving an elongated treatment agent (30a to 30e) in sections, which extends over the entire length of the reactor tube (22).

2. Reactor for cleaning liquids according to claim 1, wherein the at least one recess (24a to 24e) is rounded.

3. Reactor for cleaning liquids according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of wells (24a to 24e) is provided.

4. Reactor for cleaning liquids according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the depressions (24a to 24e) are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction over the inner wall of the reactor tube (22).

5. Reactor for cleaning liquids according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the circumferential direction of the reactor tube (22) the sum of the inner wall section surfaces (28) between the recesses (24a to 24e) is smaller than the sum of the recess-side

Inner wall section surfaces (26).

6. Reactor for cleaning liquids according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reactor housing (4) has receptacles (32, 34, 40, 42) for receiving the treatment agents (30a to 30e, 36a, 36b), some of the receptacles ( 32, 34) are arranged in a ring and at least one of the receptacles (40, 42) is positioned in the center between the annularly arranged receptacles (32, 34).

7. Reactor for cleaning liquids according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a sensor (44) for detecting a measured value in the reactor tube (22) can be arranged radially.

8. Reactor for cleaning liquids according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of treatment agents (30a to 30e) is provided, which are matched to the respective recess (24a to 24e) in such a way that they have more than 50% of their cross-sectional area the recess (24a to 24e) are added.