EP3842621B1 - Procédé de production de vapeur, producteur de vapeur et utilisation d'un ventilateur à piston rotatif - Google Patents

Procédé de production de vapeur, producteur de vapeur et utilisation d'un ventilateur à piston rotatif Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3842621B1
EP3842621B1 EP20217204.5A EP20217204A EP3842621B1 EP 3842621 B1 EP3842621 B1 EP 3842621B1 EP 20217204 A EP20217204 A EP 20217204A EP 3842621 B1 EP3842621 B1 EP 3842621B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
pressure
energy
bar
rotary lobe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20217204.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3842621A1 (fr
Inventor
Marlina Hamm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ebel Corinna
Original Assignee
Ebel Corinna
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ebel Corinna filed Critical Ebel Corinna
Publication of EP3842621A1 publication Critical patent/EP3842621A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3842621B1 publication Critical patent/EP3842621B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/06—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using mixtures of different fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for generating steam, a steam generator suitable for this purpose and a use with which steam can be generated for subsequent technical processes.
  • a method for operating a heating boiler system in which steam is generated by burning a fuel in a heating boiler at a specific target operating temperature and a specific target operating pressure for operating a downstream high-pressure steam turbine intended for power generation by using a control system to regulate the temperature of the boiler exiting steam is monitored and, if necessary, water is sprayed into the steam stream to cool the steam to the target operating temperature.
  • EP 1 702 140 B1 it is known to supply steam at a low temperature and pressure level to a low-pressure expansion device designed as a Roots blower in order to be able to generate electrical energy from technically no longer usable steam at an extremely low exergy level.
  • a generator system used as a pressure reducing station in which steam generated at a high pressure level in a heating boiler is reduced in a Roots blower to a target pressure provided for an industrial steam line network, with a generator for generating electricity being coupled to the Roots blower feeds the electrical current generated during the expansion of the water vapor from the high pressure to the desired pressure to a power grid.
  • One aspect of the invention relates to a method for generating steam, in which a fuel is fed to a burner to generate heat with the aid of a conveying device, with the heat generated in the burner being used to generate steam with an actual generation pressure, the actual generation pressure being greater by a pressure difference ⁇ p than a target operating pressure intended for technical use of the steam, and the steam is expanded to the target operating pressure with the aid of a Roots blower that generates mechanical energy and/or electrical energy from the thermal energy of the steam, with the energy generated in the Roots blower being fully or partially used Operation of the conveyor is mechanically and / or electrically fed to the conveyor.
  • the steam is deliberately generated with the actual generation pressure that is higher by the pressure difference ⁇ p.
  • the steam is present at a higher energy level than necessary and that more fuel has to be burned accordingly.
  • the additional amount of heat stored in the steam for the pressure increase of ⁇ p is used in the Roots blower to generate energy.
  • the Roots blower can expand the steam from the actual generation pressure to the target operating pressure, but can also generate higher-quality energy, in particular mechanical energy and/or electrical energy, compared to lower-quality thermal energy.
  • An output shaft of the Roots blower can derive mechanical energy, which can be used as such or can be fed in whole or in part to a generator for generating electrical energy.
  • the energy generated by the Roots blower is at least partially used to generate at least part of the steam, so that a supply of external electrical energy can be avoided or at least reduced. It is also possible to feed at least part of the energy generated by the Roots blower into a power grid and to have this energy supply compensated, whereby at least part of the production costs for generating the steam can be compensated.
  • the delivery device currently requires no or less electrical power, for example because no fuel or less fuel is to be supplied at the moment, the excess electrical energy that is not required for the delivery device in this case can be fed into the power grid.
  • the mechanical and/or electrical energy can be generated much more efficiently with the help of the Roots blower in a system in which this fuel is burned anyway and done more cheaply.
  • the pressure increase ⁇ p required for this is relatively small, so that the component strength of the apparatus involved is completely sufficient for the increased actual generation pressure with the safety margins usually applied for the design and no structural adjustments are required.
  • the efficient conversion of additional thermal energy into higher-value forms of energy by the Roots blower means that the use of expensive external higher-value energy can be reduced and/or costs can be compensated for by feeding it into a power grid, so that a cost-effective generation of technically usable steam is possible.
  • the energy generated in the Roots blower is supplied mechanically and/or electrically to the conveying device for full or partial operation of the conveying device, the energy required to operate the steam generation by burning the fuel can be generated using the Roots blower itself.
  • a supply of external energy, in particular electrical energy from a power grid, can be reduced or even completely avoided.
  • the promotion of the fuel for steam generation by burning the fuel can be autonomous without external Energy can be supplied and kept running independently. As a result, it is sufficient if only the stockpiling of the fuel is tracked.
  • a very simple, self-sufficient steam supply results, particularly in the case of industrial plants that have a continuous need for steam at a specific target operating pressure.
  • a gas for example natural gas
  • the conveying device can be designed as a gas blower, for example as a compressor.
  • a conveying element of the conveying device can be driven mechanically or electrically by the Roots blower via a drive motor.
  • the delivery element of the delivery device can be coupled to the output shaft of the Roots fan in a manner comparable to a turbocharger, with a transmission for speed conversion and/or a separating clutch and/or a, preferably, between the delivery element of the delivery device and the output shaft of the Roots fan switchable, freewheel can be provided.
  • the conveying device can in particular also be driven electrically from a power grid, in particular in order to be able to operate the conveying device independently of the Roots blower during a start-up phase when there is still no steam at the actual production pressure.
  • at least part of the energy generated by the Roots fan can be stored as electrical energy in a rechargeable battery, so that the conveyor device can be supplied with electrical energy from the rechargeable battery for the start-up phase, with the rechargeable battery being powered by the Roots fan after the start-up phase is recharged.
  • the conveyor device can be permanently disconnected from the mains power supply and, in situations when the Roots blower is not currently supplying sufficient energy to operate the conveyor device, it can be fed from the rechargeable battery.
  • the Roots blower which works according to the principle of rotary displacement, has two, in particular symmetrical, counter-rotating Roots, which can roll off one another in a rolling region.
  • a distance provided between the Roots in the rolling region of the Roots when the Roots fan is at rest selected in particular in such a way that, taking into account the centrifugal forces acting on the Roots piston during operation and the temperatures to be expected during operation, the distance is minimal, preferably less than 0.1 mm.
  • the volumetric transport of the vapor in the Roots blower does not take place through the rolling region of the Roots, but rather between the respective Roots and an inside of the housing.
  • the Roots blower works essentially isochorically.
  • the Roots blower can be designed in the form of an oval wheel pump.
  • the Roots can have, for example, essentially the outline of the number eight. However, it is also possible for the Roots pistons to have three vanes and, for example, to be designed in a manner comparable to a Roots fan. Compared to a gear pump, the Roots have significantly fewer protruding vanes, so that a larger volume can be transported between two vanes. In particular, the area formed between two vanes is concave compared to a root circle of a gear. Compared to the gear of a gear pump, the roots can be slimmer and/or concave in the middle and/or inner area near the axis of rotation, so that more volume is available inside the housing for the volume transport and is not filled by the material of the roots .
  • the respective vane of the Roots piston can protrude from the axis of rotation of the Roots piston, for example, essentially in the form of a drop.
  • the roots of the Roots blower have only a small rolling area, so that friction effects in the rolling area, if present at all, can be minimized.
  • the Roots blower can work with low gas friction and at the same time be insensitive to liquid droplets.
  • the roots of the roots blower can be operated at speeds at which the sealing edge on the outer radius reaches speeds of more than about 1/10 of the speed of sound. A gap remaining between the lobes and the housing can act as a dynamic seal at such a speed.
  • the Roots blower which was actually developed for vacuum technology and is usually operated in an absolute pressure range of 0 bar to 1 bar, is not used as a suction pump to generate a vacuum, but as a working machine and/or generator. It has been shown here that the Roots blower, which is actually only intended for a very low low-pressure range, can actually also be operated very efficiently in a high pressure range, provided the pressure difference between an inlet and an outlet of the Roots blower is not too high. In comparison to a turbine or expander, the pressure difference in the Roots blower is considerably lower, although the efficiency of the Roots blower can also be significantly better over a large temperature range. In particular, the Roots blower according to the invention is sufficiently upgraded for high-pressure operation.
  • the Roots blower has special sealing devices designed to be suitable for the actual pressure generated, with the help of which shaft ends of the Roots shafts exiting from a housing of the Roots blower are sealed.
  • the sealing device can in particular be designed as a multi-stage seal, in which two or more sealing elements are provided one behind the other in the axial direction, which seal at different pressure levels, so that each sealing element seals against a comparatively small and/or essentially equal pressure difference.
  • only one shaft end of the output shaft, which is also a shaft of one of the Roots is led out of the housing, while the other shaft ends of the shafts of the Roots are arranged and mounted within the housing of the Roots blower.
  • the housing of the Roots blower has two housing halves which are connected to one another via a high-pressure seal.
  • the housing has only one inlet, one outlet and exactly one shaft bushing for a shaft end of the output shaft as bushings through the housing.
  • the supply of energy from the Roots blower to the conveying device takes place while bypassing an external power supply system, in particular in the Substantially direct and/or immediate.
  • the Roots blower can, for example, be mechanically coupled to the delivery device via a shaft in the manner of a turbocharger.
  • a conversion of the mechanical energy present at a shaft output of the Roots blower into electrical energy can be saved as a result, resulting in a particularly high level of efficiency. If the mechanical energy present at the shaft output of the Roots blower is converted into electrical energy, in particular with the aid of an electrical machine designed and/or operated as a generator, the electrical energy generated by the generator can be used essentially directly and immediately, in particular via a power circuit be fed to the conveyor.
  • a generator coupled to the Roots blower is electrically connected to the conveyor via a power line, in particular as short as possible, optionally via interposed power electronics for adapting the electrical energy fed in to the electrical requirements of the conveyor.
  • the electrical operation of the conveying device can take place via an internal power supply starting at the Roots blower and the generator coupled to the Roots blower, so that an external power supply system, to which other electrical consumers are also connected, is not required and can be avoided.
  • the internal power supply running from the generator coupled to the Roots blower to the delivery device preferably has the delivery device as the only electrical consumer.
  • a pump is used to pump an evaporable working medium into a steam boiler heated by the burner, with the energy generated in the Roots blower being fed mechanically and/or electrically to the pump for full or partial operation of the pump.
  • Water in particular, can be used as the working medium be used, it being also possible to use a refrigerant.
  • the working medium can preferably be circulated in a closed circuit, with the working medium being condensed before evaporation, in particular in a steam boiler.
  • the working medium is particularly preferably supplied to the steam boiler almost boiling or slightly below the boiling point, so that correspondingly little fuel has to be burned in order to vaporize the working medium and bring it to the actual production pressure.
  • the working medium can preferably be preheated and/or reheated, in particular with the help of residual heat remaining in the working medium after technical use, so that during combustion a lower fuel input is sufficient to achieve the desired temperature and the actual production pressure during evaporation.
  • the Roots blower By coupling the Roots blower to the pump, the energy required to convey the working medium can be generated with the help of the Roots blower itself. A supply of external energy, in particular electrical energy from a power grid, can be reduced or even completely avoided.
  • a conveying element of the pump can be driven mechanically or electrically by the Roots blower via a drive motor. If the pump is driven mechanically, the conveying element of the pump can be coupled to the output shaft of the Roots fan in a manner comparable to a turbocharger, with a transmission for speed conversion and/or a separating clutch and/or a, preferably, between the conveying element of the pump and the output shaft of the Roots fan switchable, freewheel can be provided.
  • the pump can also be driven electrically from a power grid, in particular in order to be able to operate the pump independently of the Roots blower during a start-up phase when there is still no steam at actual production pressure.
  • a power grid in particular in order to be able to operate the pump independently of the Roots blower during a start-up phase when there is still no steam at actual production pressure.
  • at least part of the energy generated by the Roots fan can be stored as electrical energy in a rechargeable battery, so that the pump can be supplied with electrical energy from the rechargeable battery for the start-up phase, with the rechargeable battery being powered by the Roots fan after the start-up phase is recharged.
  • the pump can be permanently disconnected from the mains and can be fed from the rechargeable battery in situations when the Roots blower is not currently supplying sufficient energy to operate the conveyor device.
  • An independent aspect of the invention thus relates to a method for generating steam, in which, in particular with the aid of a conveyor, fuel is fed to a burner to generate heat, with the aid of a pump, an evaporable working medium is pumped into a steam boiler heated by the burner, with With the help of the heat generated in the burner, steam is generated in the steam boiler with an actual generation pressure, the actual generation pressure being greater by a pressure difference ⁇ p than a target operating pressure provided for technical use of the steam, and the steam using a mechanical one derived from the thermal energy of the steam Energy and / or electrical energy generating Roots blower is expanded to the target operating pressure, wherein the energy generated in the Roots blower is mechanically and / or electrically supplied to the pump for full or partial operation of the pump.
  • the energy generated in the Roots blower can be supplied mechanically and/or electrically to the conveyor device for full or partial operation of the conveyor device.
  • the connection of the pump to the Roots fan can be configured analogously to the connection of the delivery device to the Roots fan described above.
  • the method can be designed and developed as described above with reference to the first aspect of the invention be. The features described below represent advantageous developments for both aspects of the invention described above.
  • At least part of the energy generated in the Roots blower is particularly preferably fed into a power grid.
  • the energy fed into the power grid can be remunerated, so that production costs for steam generation can be at least partially compensated for with this remuneration.
  • Calculations show that the electrical energy that can be generated in the Roots blower is greater than that required for a gas blower to pump natural gas as fuel, so that part of the energy generated in the Roots blower is not required internally and can be dissipated to external consumers via the power grid .
  • the steam generation is operated exclusively purely thermally by burning the fuel.
  • a supply of external electrical energy can be avoided, so that, for example, when there is a high demand for steam in an industrial plant, a general power grid is not loaded and disruptions in the power grid due to sudden high energy consumption during steam generation for the industrial plant are avoided.
  • the conveying device can be disconnected from an external power supply and can preferably be driven exclusively by the energy mechanically and/or electrically generated in the Roots blower.
  • a rechargeable battery which can be charged by the Roots blower in the regular operating state, can be used in steam generation electrical consumers are fed from the rechargeable battery during the start-up phase, so that battery-supported, purely thermal operation without an external power supply is also possible in the start-up phase, since the electrical energy stored in the rechargeable battery is also a result of thermal combustion during previous steam generation.
  • the delivery rate of the delivery device is preferably set such that the pressure difference ⁇ p is 0.1 bar ⁇ p ⁇ 2.5 bar, in particular 0.3 bar ⁇ p ⁇ 1.5 bar and preferably 0.5 bar ⁇ p ⁇ 1.0 bar amounts to.
  • This pressure difference can be used by the Roots blower with a very high level of efficiency in order to generate mechanical and/or electrical energy. Calculations show that such a small pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the Roots blower can still be used economically to generate energy with a high level of efficiency.
  • Regulation of the conveying capacity of the conveying device as a function of the measured actual generation pressure is sufficient and easy to implement.
  • the amount of fuel fed to the combustion can be influenced via the conveying capacity of the conveying device, so that the energy input into the steam boiler can be influenced as a result of the combustion heat produced during the combustion.
  • the setpoint operating pressure ps ps is particularly preferably ⁇ 1.2 bar, in particular 2.0 bar ⁇ ps ⁇ 100 bar, preferably 5.0 bar ⁇ ps ⁇ 50 bar, more preferably 7.0 bar ⁇ ps ⁇ 30 bar and particularly preferably 9.0 bar ⁇ ps ⁇ 15 bar.
  • steam can be used for technical processes in pressure consumers and/or in heaters.
  • a lower pressure level of generally less than 3 bar is sufficient, while a rather higher pressure level of generally at least 5 bar is desired for a technical process in an industrial plant.
  • the Roots blower is operated at an efficiency ⁇ for a ratio of the thermal energy additionally generated during combustion for the pressure increase of ⁇ p and mechanical energy that can be tapped by a generator on an output shaft of the Roots blower of 0.75 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1.0, in particular 0 .80 ⁇ 0.99, preferably 0.90 ⁇ 0.98 and particularly preferably 0.95 ⁇ 0.97.
  • the Roots blower that has been upgraded for the desired pressure level can be operated extremely efficiently without the need for structural adjustments to the system parts provided for steam generation. This makes it very easy to convert low-value thermal energy into higher-value mechanical energy, which can be used much more efficiently in subsequent processes.
  • an output shaft of the Roots fan provided for dissipating mechanical energy is driven at a speed n of 500 rpm ⁇ n ⁇ 10000 rpm, in particular 1000 rpm ⁇ n ⁇ 6000 rpm and preferably 4000 rpm ⁇ n ⁇ 5000 RPM operated.
  • a speed n 500 rpm ⁇ n ⁇ 10000 rpm, in particular 1000 rpm ⁇ n ⁇ 6000 rpm and preferably 4000 rpm ⁇ n ⁇ 5000 RPM operated.
  • a speed 500 rpm ⁇ n ⁇ 10000 rpm, in particular 1000 rpm ⁇ n ⁇ 6000 rpm and preferably 4000 rpm ⁇ n ⁇ 5000 RPM operated.
  • leakage at a gap formed between the rolling elements and the housing can be minimized, thereby improving efficiency.
  • Such speeds can be easily endured by suitable plain bearings.
  • the Roots can withstand the attacking centrifugal forces without
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a steam generator for carrying out the method, which can be designed and developed as described above, with a steam boiler for evaporating a vaporizable working medium to an actual production pressure, a burner for heating the working medium in the steam boiler by burning fuel , a conveying device for conveying the fuel into the burner, a pump for conveying the working medium into the steam boiler, a Roots blower connected to the steam boiler to expand the steam that is essentially supplied at the actual generation pressure to a target operating pressure that is lower by a pressure difference ⁇ p to the actual generation pressure and a pressure consumer, in particular a heat engine and/or heating, provided downstream of the Roots fan, for the technical use of the steam that is essentially supplied at the target operating pressure while reducing the pressure and/or the temperature of the steam, mechanical energy that can be tapped at least partially on an output shaft of the Roots fan is mechanically and/or electrically coupled to the delivery device and/or to the pump.
  • the steam generator can be designed and developed in particular as explained above with reference to the method.
  • the efficient conversion of additional thermal energy into higher-value forms of energy by the Roots blower means that the use of expensive external higher-value energy can be reduced and/or costs can be compensated for by feeding it into a power grid, so that a cost-effective generation of technically usable steam is possible.
  • the mechanical energy that can be tapped off at the output shaft of the Roots blower is at least partially electrically coupled to a power grid via a generator acting on the output shaft.
  • excess electrical energy that is not required for the delivery device and/or for the pump can be fed to the external power grid and compensated for.
  • a rechargeable battery is coupled to the output shaft of the Roots blower via a generator for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
  • the generator can convert all or part of the mechanical energy discharged at an output shaft of the Roots blower into electrical energy and store it in the rechargeable battery.
  • Electrical consumers can be connected to the rechargeable battery, which can then be operated without being connected to an external power grid.
  • the delivery device and/or the pump is preferably connected to the rechargeable battery, so that the delivery device and/or the pump can also be operated without being connected to an external power supply system.
  • the delivery device and/or the pump is mechanically coupled to the output shaft of the Roots blower.
  • a transmission for speed conversion and/or a separating clutch and/or a preferably switchable freewheel is provided between the delivery device and/or the pump on the one hand and the output shaft of the Roots blower on the other hand.
  • the delivery device and/or the pump can be driven by the Roots blower without the need for an energy input from an external power supply.
  • the conveying device and/or the pump is electrically coupled via an internal power supply to a generator acting on the output shaft of the Roots blower, bypassing an external power supply system.
  • the mechanical energy present at the shaft output of the Roots blower is converted into electrical energy, in particular with the aid of an electrical machine designed and/or operated as a generator
  • the electrical energy generated by the generator can be used essentially directly and immediately, in particular via a power circuit be fed to the conveyor and/or the pump. Power losses, in particular via ohmic resistances of the external power grid, can be avoided in this way, so that compared to feeding the electrical energy of the generator into the power grid and operating the delivery device or the pump with electrical energy from the power grid, there is a better degree of efficiency.
  • a generator coupled to the Roots blower is electrically connected to the conveyor device and/or to the pump via a power line, in particular as short as possible, if necessary via interposed power electronics for adapting the electrical energy fed in to the electrical requirements of the conveyor device or the pump.
  • the electrical operation of the conveyor and / or the pump can be done via the beginning of the Roots blower and the generator coupled to the Roots blower internal power supply, so that an external Power grid, to which other electrical consumers are connected, is not required and can be avoided.
  • the internal power supply running from the generator coupled to the Roots blower to the delivery device and/or to the pump preferably has the delivery device and/or the pump as the only electrical consumer.
  • a delivery controller is particularly preferably provided for controlling a delivery capacity of the delivery device as a function of the current actual generation pressure. Regulation of the conveying capacity of the conveying device as a function of the measured actual generation pressure is sufficient and easy to implement.
  • the amount of fuel fed to the combustion can be influenced via the conveying capacity of the conveying device, so that the energy input into the steam boiler can be influenced as a result of the combustion heat produced during the combustion.
  • a speed controller is provided for controlling a speed of the output shaft of the Roots blower.
  • the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy can be further optimized with the aid of a generator, so that the generator can be operated with the highest possible degree of efficiency.
  • a bypass line can be provided, for example, which is routed past the Roots blower and via which part of the volume flow of the steam can be diverted in order to prevent an excessively high speed at the output shaft of the Roots blower avoid.
  • the volumetric flow derived via the bypass line can be admixed again downstream to the positive displacement fan, so that the steam can have the highest possible energy content.
  • the bypass line can be connected via a pressure-reducing valve downstream of the positive displacement blower in order to have the desired operating pressure as exactly as possible.
  • the Roots blower has a sealing device designed for the actual pressure generated, for sealing the output shaft relative to a housing of the Roots blower.
  • the sealing device can in particular be designed as a multi-stage seal, in which two or more sealing elements are provided one behind the other in the axial direction, which seal at different pressure levels, so that each sealing element seals against a comparatively small and/or essentially equal pressure difference.
  • the housing of the Roots blower has two housing halves which are connected to one another via a high-pressure seal.
  • the housing has only one inlet, one outlet and exactly one shaft bushing for a shaft end of the output shaft as bushings through the housing.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to the use of a Roots blower as a pressure reducing valve for reducing steam generated at an actual production pressure to a target operating pressure for a pressure consumer, which is in particular part of an industrial plant, while at the same time generating mechanical energy and/or electrical energy from the thermal energy of the supplied steam and internal use of the generated energy when generating the steam.
  • a Roots blower can be used in particular in in the method described above and/or in the steam generator described above.
  • Roots blower can preferably be designed and developed as explained with reference to the method described above and/or using the steam generator described above.
  • the efficient conversion of additional thermal energy into higher-value forms of energy by the Roots blower means that the use of expensive external higher-value energy can be reduced and/or costs can be compensated for by feeding it into a power grid, so that a cost-effective generation of technically usable steam is possible.
  • the inside 1 illustrated steam generator 10 can be used to generate steam for an industrial plant.
  • the steam generator 10 has a combustor 12 in which a fuel conveyed by a conveying device 14, for example natural gas, can be burned. With the aid of the fuel burned in the combustor 12, a steam boiler 16 can be heated, in which a working medium, for example water, conveyed by a pump 18 has been supplied.
  • the working medium which is preferably preheated, in particular to the boiling point, is vaporized in the steam boiler 16 and is present at the outlet of the steam boiler 16 at an actual production pressure, which is specified, for example, with the aid of a pressure valve that is provided at the outlet of the steam boiler 16 and is in particular adjustable and/or controllable can be.
  • the actual production pressure and/or a volumetric flow and/or a temperature of the steam is measured and fed to a feed controller 20 in order to be fed to the combustor 12 Regulate the amount of fuel so that the steam can be present at a precisely defined energy state.
  • Roots blower 22 The steam is fed from the steam boiler 16 to a Roots blower 22, where the steam is expanded by a comparatively small pressure difference ⁇ p of, for example, 1.5 bar or less to a desired operating pressure. Pressure consumers 24 in an industrial plant are to be subjected to precisely this target operating pressure, which is 8 bar, for example. Roots blower 22 can generate mechanical energy that can be discharged via an output shaft 26 with a very high level of efficiency, which can be converted into electrical energy, for example, with the aid of a generator 28 and fed to an external power supply system 30 .
  • the output shaft 26 of the Roots blower 22 can be mechanically coupled to the delivery device 14 and/or to the pump 18, in which case in particular a coupling device 34 can be interposed in each case.
  • the coupling device 34 can have, for example, a transmission for speed conversion and/or a separating clutch and/or a freewheel, in particular a switchable one. In comparison to a pressure-reducing valve, exergy is not destroyed in the Roots blower 22 but rather converted into higher-value forms of energy and used to reduce the energy requirement of the steam generator 10 in order to set the lower setpoint operating pressure.
  • a target operating pressure of 8 bar is assumed.
  • 9.5 bar is specified for the actual production pressure, which leads to a pressure difference ⁇ p of 1.5 bar that can be managed very well by the Roots blower 22, which has been upgraded for a pressure level of 10 bar.
  • Due to the increased pressure of 9.5 bar at the outlet of the Steam boiler 12 has increased the boiling point of the water used as the working medium by about 7 K.
  • a reduction in the efficiency of the steam boiler 16 as a result of increased exhaust gas losses and heat losses via the boiler surface at the increased temperature can essentially be ignored with such a small increase in pressure and temperature and would at most be of the order of -0.4%.
  • Roots blower 22 before conversion into electrical power is significantly higher, so that after conveyor 14 has been in operation, there is still enough energy left over to feed rechargeable battery 32, drive pump 18, and/or transfer useful electrical power to the external power supply 30 feed.
  • the additional combustion has increased the steam output by approx. 10.3 kWth, which can also be used in the pressure consumers 24.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de production de vapeur, dans lequel
    à l'aide d'un dispositif de transport (14), un combustible est amené à un brûleur (12) pour produire de la chaleur,
    à l'aide de la chaleur produite dans le brûleur (12), de la vapeur est produite avec une pression réelle de production, la pression réelle de production étant supérieure d'une différence de pression Δp à une pression d'exploitation de consigne prévue pour une utilisation technique de la vapeur, et
    la vapeur est détendue à la pression d'exploitation de consigne à l'aide d'un compresseur rotatif à lobes (22) produisant de l'énergie mécanique et/ou de l'énergie électrique à partir de l'énergie thermique de la vapeur, caractérisé en ce que
    l'énergie produite dans le compresseur rotatif à lobes (22) est amenée mécaniquement et/ou électriquement au dispositif de transport (14) pour l'exploitation complète ou partielle du dispositif de transport (14).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'amenée de l'énergie au dispositif de transport (14) à partir du compresseur rotatif à lobes (22) est effectuée en contournant un réseau électrique externe, notamment de manière essentiellement directe et/ou immédiate.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel un fluide de travail vaporisable est pompé à l'aide d'une pompe (18) dans une chaudière à vapeur (16) chauffée par le brûleur (12), l'énergie produite dans le compresseur rotatif à lobes (22) étant amenée mécaniquement et/ou électriquement à la pompe (18) pour l'exploitation complète ou partielle de la pompe (18).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel au moins une partie de l'énergie produite dans le compresseur rotatif à lobes (22) est introduite dans un réseau électrique (30).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel, au moins après une phase de démarrage pour atteindre un état d'exploitation régulier, la production de vapeur est exploitée exclusivement thermiquement par la combustion du combustible.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel la puissance de transport du dispositif de transport (14) est ajustée de telle sorte que la différence de pression Δp est de 0,1 bar ≤ Δp ≤ 2,5 bar, notamment de 0,3 bar ≤ Δp ≤ 1,5 bar et de préférence de 0,5 bar ≤ Δp ≤ 1,0 bar.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel la pression d'exploitation de consigne ps est de ps ≥ 1,2 bar, notamment 2,0 bar ≤ ps ≤ 100 bar, de préférence 5,0 bar ≤ ps ≤ 50 bar, de manière davantage préférée 7,0 bar ≤ ps ≤ 30 bar et de manière particulièrement préférée 9,0 bar ≤ ps ≤ 15 bar.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel le compresseur rotatif à lobes (22) est exploité à un rendement η pour un rapport de l'énergie thermique produite en outre lors de la combustion pour l'augmentation de la pression de Δp et une énergie mécanique pouvant être prélevée au niveau d'un arbre de sortie du compresseur rotatif à lobes (22) par un générateur (28) de 0,75 ≤ η ≤ 1,0, notamment 0,80 ≤ η ≤ 0,99, de préférence 0,90 ≤ η ≤ 0,98 et de manière particulièrement préférée 0,95 ≤ η ≤ 0,97.
  9. Producteur de vapeur pour la réalisation du procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, comprenant :
    une chaudière à vapeur (16) pour vaporiser un fluide de travail vaporisable à une pression réelle de production,
    un brûleur (12) pour chauffer le fluide de travail dans la chaudière à vapeur (16) par une combustion de combustible,
    un dispositif de transport (14) pour transporter le combustible dans le brûleur (12),
    une pompe (18) pour transporter le fluide de travail dans la chaudière à vapeur (16),
    un compresseur rotatif à lobes (22) raccordé à la chaudière à vapeur (16) pour détendre la vapeur amenée essentiellement à la pression réelle de production à une pression d'exploitation de consigne inférieure d'une différence de pression Δp à la pression réelle de production et
    un consommateur de pression prévu en aval du compresseur rotatif à lobes (22), notamment un moteur thermique et/ou un dispositif de chauffage, pour l'utilisation technique de la vapeur amenée essentiellement à la pression d'exploitation de consigne, avec réduction de la pression et/ou de la température de la vapeur,
    caractérisé en ce que
    une énergie mécanique pouvant être prélevée au niveau d'un arbre de sortie du compresseur rotatif à lobes (22) est amenée au moins partiellement mécaniquement et/ou électriquement au dispositif de transport pour l'exploitation complète ou partielle du dispositif de transport (14).
  10. Producteur de vapeur selon la revendication 9, dans lequel l'énergie mécanique pouvant être prélevée au niveau de l'arbre de sortie du compresseur rotatif à lobes (22) est couplée électriquement, au moins partiellement, à un réseau électrique (30) par l'intermédiaire d'un générateur (28) agissant sur l'arbre de sortie.
  11. Producteur de vapeur selon la revendication 9 ou 10, dans lequel une batterie rechargeable (32) est couplée à l'arbre de sortie du compresseur rotatif à lobes (22) par l'intermédiaire d'un générateur (28) pour la conversion d'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique.
  12. Producteur de vapeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 11, dans lequel le dispositif de transport (14) et/ou la pompe (18) sont couplés mécaniquement à l'arbre de sortie du compresseur rotatif à lobes.
  13. Producteur de vapeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 12, dans lequel le dispositif de transport (14) et/ou la pompe (18) sont couplés électriquement, par l'intermédiaire d'une alimentation électrique interne, à un générateur (28) agissant sur l'arbre de sortie du compresseur rotatif à lobes (22), en contournant un réseau électrique externe.
  14. Producteur de vapeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 13, dans lequel seulement une extrémité d'arbre de l'arbre de sortie sort d'un boîtier du compresseur rotatif à lobes (22).
  15. Utilisation du compresseur rotatif à lobes (22) dans un producteur de vapeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 13 en tant que soupape de réduction de pression pour réduire une vapeur produite à une pression réelle de production à une pression d'exploitation de consigne pour un consommateur de pression, qui fait notamment partie d'une installation industrielle, avec production simultanée d'énergie mécanique et/ou d'énergie électrique à partir de l'énergie thermique de la vapeur amenée et utilisation interne de l'énergie produite lors de la production de la vapeur.
EP20217204.5A 2019-12-27 2020-12-24 Procédé de production de vapeur, producteur de vapeur et utilisation d'un ventilateur à piston rotatif Active EP3842621B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019135820.5A DE102019135820A1 (de) 2019-12-27 2019-12-27 Verfahren zur Dampferzeugung, Dampferzeuger und Verwendung eines Wälzkolbengebläses

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3842621A1 EP3842621A1 (fr) 2021-06-30
EP3842621B1 true EP3842621B1 (fr) 2022-07-06

Family

ID=74186430

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20217204.5A Active EP3842621B1 (fr) 2019-12-27 2020-12-24 Procédé de production de vapeur, producteur de vapeur et utilisation d'un ventilateur à piston rotatif

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3842621B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102019135820A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2928410T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3842621T3 (fr)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19831697A1 (de) * 1998-07-15 2001-04-26 Alfred Leufen Erzeugung von Wärme auf dem Gebiet kleinerer Gebäude- und Raumheizungen unter Einschluß der üblichen Brauchwassererwärmung und der zum Betrieb des Systems erforderlichen Elektroenergie
AU2002305423A1 (en) * 2001-05-07 2002-11-18 Battelle Memorial Institute Heat energy utilization system
DE202004021185U1 (de) * 2003-12-22 2007-02-01 Oser, Erwin, Dr. Entspannungsvorrichtung zur Umwandlung von Wärmeenergie in mechanische Energie mit einer Niederdruck-Entspannungsvorrichtung
WO2005066466A1 (fr) * 2003-12-22 2005-07-21 Erwin Oser Procede et installation de conversion d'une energie thermique resultante en energie mecanique
DE102004014101A1 (de) * 2004-03-23 2005-10-13 Erwin Dr. Oser Stromgewinnung an Heizungsanlagen mit Niederdruck-Brüdenentspannung
CH710264A2 (de) * 2014-10-17 2016-04-29 Talbot New Energy Spa Generatoranlage.
US10240775B2 (en) * 2016-07-29 2019-03-26 Emerson Process Management Power & Water Solutions, Inc. Multi-objective steam temperature control
DE102016222687B4 (de) * 2016-11-17 2022-06-23 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Wärmebereitstellungseinrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102019135820A1 (de) 2021-07-01
PL3842621T3 (pl) 2022-11-14
ES2928410T3 (es) 2022-11-17
EP3842621A1 (fr) 2021-06-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE60315823T2 (de) Verfahren und einrichtung zur stromerzeugung aus der im kern mindestens eines hochtemperatur-kernreaktors erzeugten wärme
WO2013135718A1 (fr) Centrale d'accumulation d'énergie et procédé de fonctionnement d'une telle centrale
EP2087210B1 (fr) Procédé de transformation d'énergie thermique et moteur à pistons à palettes
EP2447506A2 (fr) Système destiné à la production d'énergie mécanique et/ou électrique
DE2544179A1 (de) Integrierte elektrizitaetserzeugungs- und klimatisierungseinrichtung
DE1065666B (de) Kombinierte Gasturbmen-Dampferzeugungsanlage zur Lieferung sowohl von Wärmeenergie als auch mechanischer Leistung
WO2008067855A2 (fr) Procédé et dispositif d'augmentation de la puissance et du rendement d'un processus de centrale orc
WO2014000830A1 (fr) Dispositif de production d'énergie électrique au moyen d'un circuit orc
EP3006682B1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de fonctionnement d'une station de transmission thermique
EP2655832A2 (fr) Procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un système de petite turbine à gaz ainsi que système de petite turbine à gaz
DE102018209203B4 (de) Niederdruckdampfturbinenanlage und Betriebsverfahren für eine Niederdruckdampfturbinenanlage
EP2802757B1 (fr) Centrale à gaz
WO2008107406A2 (fr) Installation à turbine à vapeur et procédé pour faire démarrer une installation à turbine à vapeur
EP3842621B1 (fr) Procédé de production de vapeur, producteur de vapeur et utilisation d'un ventilateur à piston rotatif
EP1870646B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif destinés à la récupération de chaleur de condensation à partir d'un cycle thermodynamique
EP0474894B1 (fr) Installation de turbine à gaz
EP3141710A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de fonctionnement de machines d'expansion volumétriques
DE3235557A1 (de) Bypasssystem fuer eine dampfturbinenanlage
WO2015106981A1 (fr) Turbine à gaz
EP3473821B1 (fr) Installation de production combinée de chaleur et d'électricité et procédé de régulation d'une installation de production combinée de chaleur et d'électricité
DE102004034657A1 (de) Kraftwerksanlage
DE102012212353A1 (de) ORC-Anlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer ORC-Anlage
EP3578765B1 (fr) Procédé de fonctionnement pour un turbogénérateur et pour une installation de turbine à basse pression et installation de turbine à basse pression
EP2762691B1 (fr) Installation ORC avec production de chaleur améliorée
DE102013219166A1 (de) Ansaugluftvorwärmsystem

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20211223

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: F01K 25/06 20060101AFI20220110BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20220209

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1503026

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20220715

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502020001335

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: RO

Ref legal event code: EPE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2928410

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20221117

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NO

Ref legal event code: T2

Effective date: 20220706

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221107

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221106

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221007

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502020001335

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20230411

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20221231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221224

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221224

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20221231

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RO

Payment date: 20231214

Year of fee payment: 4

Ref country code: NO

Payment date: 20231222

Year of fee payment: 4

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20231220

Year of fee payment: 4

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20231222

Year of fee payment: 4

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231214

Year of fee payment: 4

Ref country code: CZ

Payment date: 20231218

Year of fee payment: 4

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20231218

Year of fee payment: 4

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20240130

Year of fee payment: 4

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Payment date: 20231222

Year of fee payment: 4

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20240102

Year of fee payment: 4

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220706