EP3841049A1

EP3841049A1 - Lift system

Info

Publication number: EP3841049A1
Application number: EP19753347.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Oliver DRÄGER
Original assignee: TK Elevator Innovation and Operations GmbH
Current assignee: TK Elevator Innovation and Operations GmbH
Priority date: 2018-08-23
Filing date: 2019-08-13
Publication date: 2021-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-13
Also published as: WO2020038760A1; DE102018214251B3; CN112585074B; EP3841049B1; CN112585074A

Abstract

The invention relates to a lift system having a lift car, which is arranged movably along a rail in a shaft in a horizontal direction. A drive unit, for example a linear drive (also linear motor drive), is designed to move the lift car along the rail. A brake unit is designed to slow down the lift car. Furthermore, the lift system has a control unit, which is designed, when a change of speed of the lift car is imminent, first of all to apply an acceleration B2 to a person located in the lift car and to then actuate the brake unit or the drive unit in such a way that the brake unit or the drive unit transmits the change of speed with an acceleration B1 to the lift car, acceleration B2 being greater in terms of amount than acceleration B1. Acceleration B2, which acts on the person in the lift car, is advantageously an impulse, that is to say a change of speed of short duration but high intensity.

Description

elevator system

description

The invention relates to an elevator installation with a car traveling in the horizontal direction. A control unit initially initiates an acceleration effect B2, for example a deceleration effect, on a person in the car before, for example, the (service and / or emergency) brake brakes the car with a

Acceleration effect Bl, for example a deceleration effect, brakes, B2 being greater than Bl. Exemplary embodiments show the elevator system, the preemptive one

Movement impulses to prepare the passenger for unexpectedly high accelerations or decelerations in a horizontal travel generated the elevator car.

The linear drive has now emerged as an alternative to the cable drive in elevator construction. Such a linear drive comprises stator units permanently installed in the elevator shaft and at least one rotor unit permanently installed on the elevator car. The invention is applicable to an elevator installation which has a car and such

Has linear drive for driving the car. Lift systems with one

Linear motor drive, the primary part of the linear motor being provided by appropriately designed guide rails of the elevator system and the secondary part of the

Linear motor provided by a carriage of a car, which includes the rotor of the linear motor, are known for example from DE 10 2010 042 144 Al or DE 10 2014 017 357 Al. However, there are also other drives with which the elevator car can travel in the horizontal direction, e.g. a gear drive or similar The invention is also applicable to such elevator systems.

Such an elevator system also enables sideways travel, that is, movements of the car in the horizontal direction. When driving sideways, there is always the risk that people in the car will get used to driving at a certain speed and then (positive or negative) acceleration of the car will bring the people out of balance. The people underestimate the physical

Countermovement that is necessary to maintain stability. Then there is an increased risk of injury to people due to the reduced attention. The object of the present invention is therefore to create an improved concept for the horizontal acceleration of a car in an elevator installation.

The object is achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Exemplary embodiments show an elevator installation with a car which is arranged to be movable in the horizontal direction along a travel rail in a shaft. A drive unit, e.g. a linear drive (also linear motor drive) is designed to move the car along the travel rail. A brake unit is designed to brake the car. Furthermore, the elevator system has a control unit which is designed to first initiate a (second) acceleration B2 on a person in the elevator car when an upcoming speed change of the car and then to control the braking unit or the drive unit in such a way that the latter also changes the speed transmits a (first) acceleration Bl to the car, the amount of acceleration B2 being greater than the acceleration Bl. The acceleration B2 that acts on the person in the car is advantageously an impulse, i.e. a change in speed of short duration but strong intensity in comparison to the acceleration Bl.

It should be noted that the term "acceleration" means both positive acceleration and negative acceleration, i.e. a delay. Unless explicitly differentiated, all accelerations are included.

Furthermore, a horizontal movement of the car can be understood to mean a movement whose speed vector after a component decomposition has a horizontal component that is larger than a vertical component.

The expression speed change is to be understood in particular as a necessity for the car to be accelerated positively or negatively. In particular, the

Speed change should therefore not be regarded as the (specified) intensity of an acceleration.

The acceleration B2 can be at least twice as strong or at least 5 times as strong as the acceleration Bl. The strength can refer to an average or a peak value of the acceleration B2. Furthermore, the acceleration Bl can last longer the car and thus the person in the car act as the acceleration B2. In particular, the acceleration B2 can be shorter than 0.25s, shorter than 0.1s or shorter than 0.05s. It is also advantageous if the duration and strength of the acceleration B2 are selected such that a product of the strength and the square of the duration is less than 0.6 m, preferably less than 0.3 m. The values result from the relation s = 0.5 · a · t ² , where s describes the distance traveled, a the acceleration and t the duration. If the product of the strength and the square of the duration is less than 0.6 m, this is

distance traveled by the person's feet, which are in contact with the floor of the car, relative to the person's upper body 0.3 m. The center of gravity thus remains within the usual footprint of the person, which means that stability remains unaffected. However, it may be advisable, especially for older people, to choose a lower impulse, either by reducing the duration or the intensity.

With this short movement impulse (B2), which has a higher intensity and advantageously also in the same direction as the functional one that follows a little later

Movement change (Bl), the person in the car is told that he must adjust to a change in speed without the person being imbalanced by the impulse itself. In other words, the stability of the person remains unaffected by the impulse. A direction of acceleration B2 can be freely chosen to the extent that the person in the car, regardless of a direction of acceleration, is brought to increased attention in order to be able to react better to the subsequent change in speed than if it were e.g. is in an intensive conversation. However, it is advantageous to select acceleration B2 in such a way that it acts in the same direction as acceleration B1. The person in the car can then directly focus on the direction of the following one

Set the speed change or a compensating movement to intercept the impulse is already going in the right direction, so that the person has already assumed the correct position for the actual, weaker, acceleration process.

To initiate acceleration B2, exemplary embodiments of the elevator system show that the brake unit is first activated in such a way that it exerts a greater braking force on the car before the control unit controls the brake unit in such a way that it brakes the car with acceleration B1. In this case, acceleration B2 is a deceleration. Alternatively, the control unit for initiating the acceleration B2 can first control the drive unit in such a way that it exerts greater acceleration on the car before the control unit controls the drive unit in such a way that the drive unit Car accelerated with acceleration Bl. The greater acceleration can be positive or negative. The greater acceleration is negative, for example, if the speed of the car can be reduced by means of a suitable control of the drive unit, for example in the case of a linear drive. It should be noted that, for example, in the event of emergency braking, both the braking unit and the drive unit can apply the deceleration B1. Acceleration B2 can then be generated by one or both units.

Furthermore, in exemplary embodiments, the car can have a floor which is arranged to be movable at least in the horizontal direction relative to a wall of the car. The control unit is designed to control the floor of the car to initiate acceleration B2 in such a way that it exerts acceleration B2 on the person in the car. Such an arrangement is e.g. advantageous if the required acceleration B2 cannot be applied with the brake unit and / or the drive unit. The floor can be equipped with dynamic, especially short-stroke, control elements

(mechanically) connected to perform the movement relative to the wall of the car. Very large accelerations can be achieved with these control elements.

In exemplary embodiments, the control unit is designed to control a recoil element and thus to initiate a recoil in order to bring about acceleration B2 on a person in the car. This is particularly advantageous if the

Control elements, i.e. for example (electric) motors or pneumatic or hydraulic actuators, are unable to apply sufficient acceleration or it is not practical to support the forces to initiate the acceleration on the shaft or the car. In this case, the recoil element, for example a (tensioned) spring (mechanical energy) and / or a e.g. propulsion filled with a propellant similar to a rocket (chemical energy), by accelerating a recoil mass in opposite directions, exert acceleration B2 on the person in the car. Due to the lower mass with the same acceleration effect, the use of the propellant charge can be advantageous. After the propellant charge has been used up, it can be replaced or refilled.

In exemplary embodiments, the subsequent speed change is greater than the otherwise usual positive accelerations or decelerations for starting or

Record speed or brake the car in regular operation. larger Accelerations occur, for example, in dangerous situations. One situation where major delays occur is emergency braking. In combination with the emergency braking of a car, in the event of an impending collision between two cars, the first car with which the collision is imminent can also move away from the second car, which triggers the impending collision, in order to increase the braking distance available for the second car increase. In this case, large positive accelerations can act on the person in the first car. Through the (sporadic) use of the second

Acceleration B2 only with subsequent large speed changes, a habituation effect of the person in the car is avoided, so that the pulse by means of the second acceleration B2 remains effective in a dangerous situation.

In exemplary embodiments, the elevator installation further comprises at least one fixed first travel rail, which is aligned in a first, in particular vertical, direction (z). The elevator installation comprises at least one fixed second travel rail, which is fixedly aligned in a second, in particular horizontal, direction (y) and at least one conversion unit for transferring the car from a journey in the first direction (z) to a journey in the second direction (y ). In particular, the conversion unit comprises at least one movable, in particular rotatable, third travel rail. In particular, the third rail can be moved between a first position, in particular one

Alignment in the direction (z), and a second position, especially one

Alignment in the second direction (y).

Furthermore, a method for operating an elevator system is disclosed, comprising the following steps: moving a car in a horizontal direction along a guide rail and in the event of an impending change in speed: initiating an acceleration B2 on a person in the car; and actuating a brake unit or a drive unit in such a way that the speed change, e.g. as a target or final speed of the car to be reached, with an acceleration Bl to the car, the acceleration B2 (in terms of amount) being greater than the acceleration Bl.

The method can be implemented in a program code of a computer program for carrying out the method when the computer program runs on a computer.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it: Fig. La: a schematic representation of an elevator system in a perspective

View;

Fig. Lb: a schematic representation of a car with a movable floor in a perspective view;

2 shows a schematic representation of a comparison of two driving curves of the car, one with and one without initial acceleration B2;

Fig. 3: a schematic representation of an elevator system in a perspective

View according to exemplary embodiments;

Before exemplary embodiments of the present invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings, it is pointed out that identical,

Elements, objects and / or structures having the same function or having the same effect are provided with the same reference symbols in the different figures, so that the description of these elements shown in different exemplary embodiments is interchangeable or can be applied to one another.

1 shows a schematic illustration of an elevator system 100. The elevator system 100 comprises a car 110, a drive unit 10, a brake unit 12 and a

Control unit 14. The car 110 is arranged to be movable along a travel rail 102 in a shaft 120 in the horizontal direction (y). The drive unit 10 can move the car 110 along the travel rail 102. The drive unit is e.g. a linear drive or another drive that can move the car on guide rails. The

The braking unit can be moved in the direction of movement K, for example by means of a spring, in order to brake the car 110. However, any other brake that can brake the car 110 can also be used.

The control unit can be a computer that controls the elevator installation. The control unit recognizes that the car 110 changes its speed in order to go through its driving curve or due to an unforeseen event, i.e. (positive) accelerate or brake, the control unit (14) first initiates one

Acceleration B2 to a person in car 110 before the

Speed change is implemented. In particular, acceleration B2 acts for a predetermined duration on the person before the control unit controls the brake unit and / or the drive unit in accordance with the detected speed change. The acceleration B2 is of greater intensity, ie it is (in terms of amount) greater than the acceleration B1, but has a shorter duration.

1b shows a schematic illustration of a car 110 according to a

Embodiment. The car 110 has a floor 16 which is arranged to be movable at least in the horizontal direction (y) relative to the walls of the car. This can e.g. be realized by a shelf that is (mechanically) connected to the car by means of one or more actuators or adjusting elements. The floor of the car can be moved at least horizontally by means of the adjusting element, so that the floor performs a corresponding movement before the braking or acceleration process of the car is initiated in order to transmit the acceleration B2 to the person in the car.

2 shows a schematic illustration of exemplary driving curves of the car 100 in a diagram of the speed v over the time t. A conventional driving curve 18 of a braking operation is shown at the top, the corresponding counterpart, the driving curve 18 ', with an initial impulse, i.e. the acceleration B2 which acts on the person in the car before the acceleration B1. Here acceleration B2 acts on the entire car, for example by the braking unit initializing the car, i.e. at time tl, until time t2 brakes somewhat more than is necessary to brake the car. The normal braking process then takes place between the time t2 and the time t3.

As described in relation to Fig. 1b, the effect of the pulse, i.e. the

Acceleration B2 between time t1 and time t2 can also be realized by moving the floor of the car. This then has no significant effects on the car's driving curve. In this case, the movement curve of the person in the car, in particular their feet, is (approximately) the driving curve 18 '

3 shows a detail of an elevator installation 100 according to the invention in accordance with exemplary embodiments. The elevator installation 100 comprises a plurality of travel rails 102, along which a plurality of cars 110 can be guided, for example using a backpack storage. A vertical travel rail 102V is aligned vertically in a first direction and enables the guided car 110 to be moved between different floors. There are several vertical rails 102V in this vertical direction adjacent shafts 120 arranged. The travel rails can also be referred to as guide rails.

A horizontal travel rail 102H is arranged between the two vertical travel rails 102V, along which the car 110 can be guided by means of a backpack storage. This horizontal travel rail 102H is aligned horizontally in a second direction and enables the car 110 to be moved within one floor. Furthermore, the horizontal running rail 102H connects the two vertical running rails 102V to one another. Thus, the second runway 102H also serves to transfer the car 110 between the two vertical runways, e.g. to carry out a modern paternoster operation. A plurality of such horizontal travel rails 102H, which are not shown, and which connect the two vertical travel rails to one another can be provided in the elevator installation. The elevator car 110 can be transferred between a vertical track 102V and a horizontal track 102H via a transfer unit with a movable, in particular rotatable track 103. The invention can be applied to the running rail 102H. All the rails 102, 103 are installed at least indirectly in a shaft wall 120. Such elevator systems are basically described in WO 2015/144781 A1 and in DE10 2016 211 997A1 and DE 10 2015 218 025 A1.

Although some aspects have been described in connection with a device, it is understood that these aspects also represent a description of the corresponding method, so that a block or a component of a device also as one

corresponding process step or to be understood as a feature of a process step. Analogously, aspects related to or as a

Process step have been described, also represent a description of a corresponding block or details or features of a corresponding device.

Depending on the specific implementation requirements, exemplary embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or in software. The implementation can be carried out using a digital storage medium such as a floppy disk, DVD, Blu-ray disc, CD, ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM or FLASFI memory, hard disk or other magnetic or optical memory are carried out, on which electronically readable control signals are stored, which can interact with a programmable computer system or in such a way that the respective method is carried out. That is why the digital Storage medium to be computer readable. Some exemplary embodiments according to the invention thus comprise a data carrier which has electronically readable control signals which are able to interact with a programmable computer system in such a way that one of the methods described herein is carried out.

In general, embodiments of the present invention can be used as

Computer program product can be implemented with a program code, the program code being effective in this regard. perform one of the methods when the computer program product runs on a computer. The program code can, for example, also be stored on a machine-readable carrier. Other

Embodiments include the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein, the computer program being stored on a machine-readable medium.

In other words, an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is thus a computer program which has a program code for carrying out one of the functions described herein

described method when the computer program runs on a computer. Another exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is thus a data carrier (or a digital storage medium or a computer-readable medium) on which the computer program for carrying out one of the methods described herein is recorded.

Another exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is therefore a

A data stream or a sequence of signals representing the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein. The

The data stream or the sequence of signals can, for example, be configured to be transferred via a data communication connection, for example via the Internet.

A further exemplary embodiment comprises a processing device, for example a computer or a programmable logic component, which is configured or adapted to carry out one of the methods described herein.

Another embodiment includes a computer on which the computer program for performing one of the methods described herein is installed. In some embodiments, a programmable logic device (e.g., a field programmable gate array, an FPGA) can be used to perform some or all of the functionality of the methods described herein. In some embodiments, a field programmable gate array may cooperate with a microprocessor to perform one of the methods described herein. In general, in some exemplary embodiments, the methods are carried out by any flardware device. This can be universally usable hardware such as a computer processor (CPU) or hardware specific to the method, such as an ASIC.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. It is to be understood that modifications and variations in the arrangements and details described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, it is intended that the invention be limited only by the scope of the following claims and not by the specific ones

Details that were presented based on the description and explanation of the exemplary embodiments are limited.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 drive unit

12 brake unit

14 control unit

16 floor of the car

18, 18 'driving curves

100 elevator system

102 track

103 rotatable rail segment (third rail) 110 car

120 shaft

F direction of travel

K Direction of movement of the brake unit

M direction of movement of the floor

Claims

claims

1. elevator system (100) with the following features: a car (110) which is arranged to be movable in the horizontal direction along a travel rail (102) in a shaft (120); a drive unit (10) which is designed to move the car (110) along the travel rail (102); a braking unit (12) which is designed to brake the car (110); a control unit (14), which is designed for an upcoming

Speed change of the car first to initiate an acceleration B2 on a person in the car and then the braking unit (12) or

To control the drive unit (10) in such a way that it transmits the speed change to the car (110) with an acceleration Bl, the amount of acceleration B2 being greater than the acceleration Bl.

2. elevator (100) gladly. Claim 1, wherein the acceleration Bl and the

Acceleration B2 act in the same direction.

3. elevator system (100), according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (14) for initiating the acceleration B2 controls the braking unit (12) in such a way that it exerts a greater braking force on the car (110) before the control unit ( 14) controls the brake unit in such a way that it brakes the car with the acceleration Bl; or wherein the control unit (14) for initiating the acceleration B2 initially controls the drive unit (10) in such a way that it exerts greater acceleration on the car (110) before the control unit (14) controls the drive unit (10) in such a way that the latter accelerates the car (110) with the acceleration Bl.

4. elevator (100) gladly. Claim 1 wherein the car (110) has a floor (16) which is arranged to be movable at least in the horizontal direction relative to a wall of the car; wherein the control unit (14) is designed to control the floor of the car to initiate the acceleration B2 in such a way that the latter exerts the acceleration B2 on the person in the car (110).

5. elevator system (100) gladly, one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (14) is designed to initiate acceleration B2 only when the control unit then controls the brake unit (12) in such a way that emergency braking of the car is carried out.

6. elevator system (100), one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (14) is designed to initiate the acceleration B2 at least twice as much, in particular at least 5 times as strongly as the acceleration B1.

7. elevator system (100) like one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (14) is designed to initiate the acceleration B2 for a shorter time than that

Acceleration Bl.

8. elevator system (100) like, one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (14) is designed to select a duration of the acceleration B2 less than 0.25s, preferably less than 0.1s, in particular less than 0.05s.

9. elevator system (100) like, one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit (14) is designed to choose duration and strength of the acceleration B2 such that a product of the strength and the square of the duration is less than 0.6m, preferably is less than 0.3m.

10. elevator system (100) gladly, one of the preceding claims, wherein the control unit is designed to control a recoil element to initiate the acceleration B2 on a person in the elevator car.

11. Elevator system (100) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one fixed first travel rail (102V), which is fixedly aligned in a first, in particular vertical, direction (z); at least one fixed second travel rail (102H), which is aligned in a second, in particular horizontal, direction (y); at least one transfer unit for transferring the car (110) from a trip in the first direction (z) to a trip in the second direction (y); in particular, the transfer unit comprises at least one movable, in particular rotatable, third travel rail (103); in particular, the third travel rail (103) can be transferred between a first position, in particular an orientation in the direction (z), and a second position, in particular an orientation in the second direction (y).

12. Method for operating an elevator system with the following steps:

Moving a car in a horizontal direction along a guide rail;

If there is an upcoming speed change:

Initiating an acceleration B2 on a person in the car; and

Activation of a brake unit or a drive unit in such a way that it transmits the speed change to the car with an acceleration Bl, the amount of acceleration B2 being greater than the acceleration Bl.

13. Computer program with a program code for carrying out the method according to

Claim 12 if the computer program runs on a computer.