EP3835581A1 - Plate with intake and exhaust valves with low irreversibility, and compressor comprising such a plate - Google Patents

Plate with intake and exhaust valves with low irreversibility, and compressor comprising such a plate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3835581A1
EP3835581A1 EP20212684.3A EP20212684A EP3835581A1 EP 3835581 A1 EP3835581 A1 EP 3835581A1 EP 20212684 A EP20212684 A EP 20212684A EP 3835581 A1 EP3835581 A1 EP 3835581A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
exhaust
ports
intake
port
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20212684.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3835581C0 (en
EP3835581B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre RANC
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Ananke
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Ananke
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Publication of EP3835581A1 publication Critical patent/EP3835581A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3835581C0 publication Critical patent/EP3835581C0/en
Publication of EP3835581B1 publication Critical patent/EP3835581B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/08—Actuation of distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/1066—Valve plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/1073—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being reed valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F04B53/1097—Valves; Arrangement of valves with means for lifting the closure member for pump cleaning purposes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an inlet and exhaust valve plate, in particular for a compressor for fluid, in particular air, in a pressurized chamber.
  • Fluids under pressure are widely used, whether in industry, agriculture, transport, tertiary and residential.
  • the performance of the fluid intake and exhaust systems is very dependent on the transfer energy.
  • the present invention thus aims in particular to reduce these pressure losses in order to reduce the transfer losses, while leading to other advantages.
  • the pressure supply port is advantageously formed in a part of the exhaust valve that is different from a part of the exhaust valve closing off at least one exhaust port.
  • Such a pressure supply orifice makes it possible to create an additional flow improving a flow profile of the fluid, in particular improving a speed profile of the flow and reducing aerodynamic turbulence.
  • Such a pressure supply orifice makes it possible, for example, to supply energy to the flow during the transfer, which makes it possible to reduce the fluidic recirculation of an upper part of the valve and thus to reduce the pressure losses.
  • the discharge of the fluid is thus impacted by the exhaust valve.
  • the exhaust valve is fixed to the support plate.
  • the exhaust valve is thus for example pressed against the support plate and the orifices are then opened by elastic deformation of the valve.
  • the exhaust valve preferably consists of a single lamella fixed at its center.
  • the exhaust valve is fixed to the support plate by a guide rod, for example metallic, fixed in the support plate.
  • the guide rod is however configured to be able to slide in a guide and at least the guide rod is provided with an anti-rotation system with respect to the guide.
  • the at least one pressure supply port is formed near the center of the exhaust valve.
  • the at least one pressure supply orifice is advantageously arranged between an attachment center of the exhaust valve and the part of the exhaust valve closing off the at least one exhaust orifice.
  • valve plate further includes a spring configured to press the exhaust valve against the support plate.
  • the at least one exhaust port is then blocked by the valve thanks to a preload spring making it possible to keep it in the closed position against the support plate.
  • the support plate has a plurality of exhaust ports and the exhaust valve is configured to close off all of the exhaust ports of the plurality of exhaust ports.
  • the exhaust valve has a disc shape and is configured to seal off all of the exhaust ports of the plurality of exhaust ports.
  • the exhaust valve may have the shape of a lobed disc, for example with as many lobes as there are exhaust ports.
  • the center of attachment of the exhaust valve is preferably the geometric center of the exhaust valve.
  • the exhaust valve has a plurality of pressure supply ports.
  • the pressure supply ports of the plurality of pressure supply ports are arranged in a circle.
  • the pressure supply ports of the plurality of pressure supply ports are disposed at equal distances from the center of the exhaust valve.
  • the intake valve comprises at least one elastic blade covering at least one intake orifice.
  • the at least one elastic blade of the intake valve is for example a thin foil, that is to say a blade of the order of a hundred micrometers in thickness.
  • the at least one elastic blade of the intake valve is for example fixed at a point to the support plate, for example by means of a screw.
  • the support plate has a plurality of inlet ports and the inlet valve is configured to close off all of the inlet ports of the plurality of inlet ports.
  • the intake valve comprises a plurality of elastic leaves, for example at least eight elastic leaves, or even ten, or even fifteen; for example sixteen elastic blades.
  • the intake valve comprises as many elastic blades as there are intake openings, each elastic blade being configured to close one of the intake openings.
  • the greater number of intake and / or exhaust orifices makes it possible to increase a surface area for the passage of the fluid and thus to reduce pressure losses.
  • increasing the number of blades of the intake valve and using a perforated exhaust valve makes it possible to reduce the unit pressure force, and consequently to further reduce the pressure losses.
  • a compressor can then have a smaller size of the intake and exhaust system: for example a passage diameter can be greater than the solutions of the prior art for an equivalent piston diameter.
  • the intake valve comprises a connecting ring, and the connecting ring connects the elastic leaves of the plurality of elastic leaves.
  • the intake valve comprising a plurality of elastic blades can then be made in one piece.
  • valve plate further comprises a reinforcing plate configured to apply a force to a part of the intake valve.
  • the reinforcement plate is shorter and thicker (its thickness is for example of the order of half a millimeter) than the intake valve, in particular an elastic blade of the intake valve.
  • Such a reinforcing plate makes it possible to apply a prestressing force to the inlet valve, or even to each of the elastic blade, making it possible to keep the valve, or even the elastic blade, pressed against the inlet orifice.
  • Such a reinforcing plate also makes it possible to move the point of deflection of the valve, or of the elastic blade, in order to improve their endurance.
  • Opening is effected by elastic deformation of the intake valve, or even of the elastic blade.
  • the reinforcing plate has a free end portion which is curved in a direction away from the support plate.
  • the free end part of the reinforcing plate designates a part opposite to a part of the reinforcing plate by which it is fixed to the support plate, for example the one furthest from the center.
  • the reinforcing plate comprises at least one reinforcing strip, and preferably one reinforcing strip per elastic strip of the intake valve.
  • the support plate has two opposite faces defining between them a thickness of the support plate, and the at least one orifice inlet and the at least one exhaust port pass through the thickness of the backing plate.
  • the intake valve is then configured to close off at least one intake port by a first of the two faces and the exhaust valve is then configured to close off at least one exhaust port by a other of the two faces (opposite face).
  • One of the two faces then corresponds to a face on the intake side, for example in contact with a cylinder, while the opposite face corresponds to a face on the exhaust side, for example in contact with an exhaust duct.
  • the inlet ports of the plurality of inlet ports are arranged in a circle.
  • the exhaust ports of the plurality of exhaust ports are arranged in a circle.
  • the circle of the plurality of pressure supply ports is inscribed within the circle of the plurality of exhaust ports.
  • the circle of the plurality of exhaust ports is inscribed within the circle of the plurality of intake ports.
  • the exhaust valve and / or the intake valve comprises at least one seal.
  • the seal is used, for example, for better sealing at an orifice when the valve is closed.
  • Such a seal also serves to ensure better sealing between a cylinder and the valve plate.
  • the seal is for example made of a polymer material, but using another material such as copper is also possible.
  • Such a seal is for example configured to cover a corresponding orifice.
  • a compressor comprising a valve plate as described above, a cylinder, fixed to the support plate, surrounding at least the intake valve and a pipe.
  • exhaust fixed on the support plate, surrounding at least the exhaust valve.
  • the figure 1 presents an intake valve 10 according to an exemplary embodiment in which it is formed in one piece.
  • the intake valve is for example formed from a cut and perforated foil. It is for example written in a disc.
  • the intake valve 10 comprises a plurality of elastic blades 11, in particular sixteen elastic blades 11.
  • Each elastic blade 11 is configured to close an inlet port of a support plate 20.
  • the elastic blades are here arranged in stars; in other words, they radiate from the same point P of the intake valve, this point P being here for example its geometric center.
  • the elastic blades 11 are here regularly spaced from one another.
  • the elastic blades are connected by a connecting ring 12, here in the form of a ring.
  • the inlet valve 10 here comprises at least one fixing hole 13 configured to fix the inlet valve 10 to the support plate 20.
  • the intake valve 10 has a fixing hole 13 by elastic blade 11.
  • the intake valve is formed in one piece, it could include fewer fixing holes 13 than elastic blades 11.
  • each fixing hole 13 is here formed in a part of an elastic strip intersecting with the connecting ring 12.
  • the intake valve 10 here comprises seals 14 configured to close an intake orifice of the support plate 20.
  • each seal 14 is fixed on a part of each elastic blade 11.
  • Such seals 14 are however optional.
  • the intake valve 10 has here an opening 15, central, which is here circular.
  • This opening 15 is here configured to leave a fluid escape passage.
  • the opening 15 surrounds the exhaust ports 22 (visible figure 2 ).
  • the figure 2 presents a valve plate comprising a support plate 20 on which the inlet valve 10 of the figure 1 .
  • the support plate 20 is seen here, by definition, "on the intake side".
  • the elements present on the opposite side, known as the “escapement side”, are visible by the effect of transparency, in dotted lines.
  • the support plate 20 mainly comprises intake orifices 21 (visible by the effect of transparency in this figure) and exhaust orifices 22.
  • the support plate 20 comprises sixteen intake openings 21 - the intake valve 10 comprising as many elastic blades 11 as there are intake orifice 21.
  • the support plate 20 here comprises eight exhaust ports 22.
  • the inlet orifices 21 are arranged in a circle; and the exhaust ports 22 are arranged in another circle.
  • the circle of the exhaust ports 22 is inscribed in the circle of the intake ports 21.
  • the support plate 20 also comprises holes configured to receive the fixing elements of the intake valve, for example screws passing through the fixing holes 13. Preferably, these holes of the support plate 20 are blind to promote the sealing.
  • the support plate 20 has holes 23, which are for example configured to allow a cylinder to be fixed, for example here on the same side of the support plate 20 as the intake valve 10.
  • valve plate also includes a reinforcing plate 30.
  • the reinforcing plate 30 is configured to apply a force to a part of the intake valve 10.
  • the reinforcing plate 30 has for example a thickness of the order of half a millimeter.
  • the reinforcing plate 30 comprises a plurality of reinforcing strips 31, in particular a reinforcing strip 31 per elastic strip 11, i.e. sixteen reinforcing strips 31.
  • Each reinforcing strip 31 is here superimposed on a part of one of the elastic strips 11.
  • Each reinforcing strip 31 is fixed to the support plate 20 by a fastening element 32, for example here a screw, passing through a hole in the reinforcing strip 31 and a fastening hole 13 of the corresponding intake valve 10.
  • a fastening element 32 for example here a screw
  • the intake valve 10 is fixed to the support plate 20 by the fastening element 32 passing through the fastening holes 13, and it is clamped between the reinforcing plate 30 and the support plate 20.
  • the intake valve 10 is positioned on the support plate 20 with a part of each elastic blade 11, in particular the seals 14, closing off a corresponding intake port 21.
  • each inlet orifice 21 is closed off by an elastic blade 11, in particular here by a seal 14.
  • the figure 3 presents the valve plate of the figure 3 view, by definition, “on the exhaust side”, that is to say along a face opposite to the face of the support plate 20 “on the inlet side”.
  • valve plate is provided with an exhaust duct 50.
  • the exhaust duct 50 is fixed on the support plate 20 between the intake ports 21 and the exhaust ports 22.
  • the exhaust duct 50 is fixed on a face of the support plate 20 opposite to that on which the intake valve 10 is fixed.
  • the exhaust duct 50 is, by definition, attached to the face of the “exhaust side” support plate.
  • a reinforcement 51 is present in the exhaust duct 50.
  • the reinforcement 51 is for example produced jointly with the exhaust duct 50; they are for example mass-machined together.
  • the reinforcement 51 is used here to maintain a guide rod 54 through a guide 55, described in figure 4 .
  • the reinforcement 51 here comprises holes 52, seven in number in this example, allow the compressed fluid to pass from the zone where an exhaust valve 40 is located, described below, to a downstream zone.
  • valve plate comprises an exhaust valve 40 configured to close the exhaust ports 22.
  • the exhaust valve 40 is attached "exhaust side" of the support plate 20.
  • the exhaust valve 40 here consists of a single plate which is fixed at its (geometric) center, which in this case coincides with the point P of the intake valve 10 illustrated. figure 1 .
  • the plate forming the exhaust valve 40 here has the shape of a disc, in particular here the shape of a lobed disc, with as many lobes as there are exhaust ports 22.
  • the exhaust valve 40 is fixed by the guide rod 54, for example metallic, configured to be able to slide relative to the guide 55.
  • the guide rod 54 comprises for example a flat 56 (better visible figure 3 for example) while the guide 55 is here formed by a corresponding truncated cylinder in order to form together an anti-rotation system.
  • the guide 55 is integral with the reinforcement 51.
  • the exhaust valve 40 is placed against the support plate 20 by means of a preload spring 53 making it possible to strengthen its retention in the closed position at the level of the support plate 20.
  • the exhaust valve 40 comprises pressure supply ports 41.
  • the pressure supply ports 41 are formed in a part of the exhaust valve 40 different from a part of the exhaust valve 40 closing off the exhaust ports 22.
  • Using a perforated exhaust valve 40 makes it possible in particular to reduce the unit pressure force.
  • the pressure supply orifices 41 are advantageously close to the center, here of the guide rod 54.
  • the pressure supply ports 41 are here arranged between the center of the exhaust valve 40 and the part of the exhaust valve 40 closing off the exhaust ports 22.
  • the pressure supply ports 41 are here arranged in a circle, at equal distances from the center of the exhaust valve 40.
  • the circle of the pressure supply ports 41 is inscribed in the circle of the exhaust ports 22, which is inscribed in the circle of the intake ports 21.
  • the figure 5 shows the valve plate according to the tear-off plane of the figure 4 , showing a relative positioning of the intake valve 10, of the reinforcing plate 30 and of the exhaust valve 40 with respect to each other, here centered.
  • the dotted arrows also visible on the figures 3 and 4 , allow you to visualize a fluid flow.
  • a fluid is thus admitted via the inlet ports 21. It is then found on the “inlet side”, that is to say in the upper part of the inlet. figure 5 .
  • the fluid is compressed and is then ejected via the exhaust ports 22.
  • the fluid is then “on the exhaust side”, in particular in the exhaust duct 50, and escapes via the holes 52 of the reinforcement 51.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Check Valves (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)

Abstract

Plaque à clapets d'admission et d'échappement comportant une plaque de support (20) qui comporte au moins un orifice d'admission (21) et au moins un orifice d'échappement (22), un clapet d'admission (10) configuré pour obturer l'au moins un orifice d'admission (21), et un clapet d'échappement (40) configuré pour obturer l'au moins un orifice d'échappement (22), le clapet d'échappement (40) comportant au moins un orifice d'apport de pression (41) formé dans une partie du clapet d'échappement (40) différente d'une partie du clapet d'échappement (40) obturant l'au moins un orifice d'échappement (22) ; et compresseur comportant un telle plaque à clapets.Intake and exhaust valve plate comprising a support plate (20) which has at least one intake port (21) and at least one exhaust port (22), one intake valve (10) configured to close off at least one intake port (21), and an exhaust valve (40) configured to close off at least one exhaust port (22), the exhaust valve (40) comprising at least one pressure supply port (41) formed in a part of the exhaust valve (40) different from a part of the exhaust valve (40) closing off the at least one exhaust port (22) ; and compressor comprising such a valve plate.

Description

La présente invention concerne une plaque à clapets d'admission et d'échappement, en particulier pour un compresseur de fluide, notamment d'air, dans une enceinte sous pression.The present invention relates to an inlet and exhaust valve plate, in particular for a compressor for fluid, in particular air, in a pressurized chamber.

Elle concerne également un compresseur comportant une telle plaque.It also relates to a compressor comprising such a plate.

Les fluides sous pression sont largement utilisés, que ce soit dans l'industrie, l'agriculture, le transport, le tertiaire et le résidentiel.Fluids under pressure are widely used, whether in industry, agriculture, transport, tertiary and residential.

Les performances des systèmes d'admission et d'échappement de fluides sont très dépendantes de l'énergie de transvasement.The performance of the fluid intake and exhaust systems is very dependent on the transfer energy.

Aussi, les moteurs thermiques largement déployés aujourd'hui effectuent les phases de compression et de détente dans une même enceinte. Très rarement, certains moteurs utilisent une seconde enceinte dédiée uniquement à la phase de compression. L'industrie est aussi une grande consommatrice d'énergie pneumatique apportée le plus souvent par des compresseurs volumétriques. Ces derniers représentent un poste énergétique très important.Also, the heat engines widely deployed today perform the compression and expansion phases in the same enclosure. Very rarely, some engines use a second enclosure dedicated solely to the compression phase. Industry is also a large consumer of pneumatic energy, most often supplied by positive displacement compressors. These represent a very important energy item.

L'amélioration de l'efficacité des dispositifs de compression est donc un enjeu notable. Or, les irréversibilités de transvasement en admission ou en refoulement, aussi appelées pertes de charge, contribuent largement à diminuer les performances du compresseur.Improving the efficiency of compression devices is therefore a significant issue. However, the irreversibility of transfer in inlet or outlet, also called pressure losses, greatly contribute to reducing the performance of the compressor.

La présente invention vise ainsi notamment à réduire ces pertes de charges afin de réduire les pertes de transvasement, tout en menant à d'autres avantages.The present invention thus aims in particular to reduce these pressure losses in order to reduce the transfer losses, while leading to other advantages.

A cet effet, est proposé, selon un premier aspect, une plaque à clapets d'admission et d'échappement comportant :

  • une plaque de support qui comporte au moins un orifice d'admission et au moins un orifice d'échappement ;
  • un clapet d'admission configuré pour obturer l'au moins un orifice d'admission, et
  • un clapet d'échappement configuré pour obturer l'au moins un orifice d'échappement, Selon un aspect intéressant de l'invention, le clapet d'échappement comporte au moins un orifice d'apport de pression.
To this end, there is proposed, according to a first aspect, an intake and exhaust valve plate comprising:
  • a support plate which has at least one intake port and at least one exhaust port;
  • an intake valve configured to close off at least one intake port, and
  • an exhaust valve configured to close off at least one exhaust port. According to an interesting aspect of the invention, the exhaust valve comprises at least one pressure supply port.

L'orifice d'apport de pression est avantageusement formé dans une partie du clapet d'échappement différente d'une partie du clapet d'échappement obturant l'au moins un orifice d'échappement.The pressure supply port is advantageously formed in a part of the exhaust valve that is different from a part of the exhaust valve closing off at least one exhaust port.

Un tel orifice d'apport de pression permet de créer un écoulement supplémentaire améliorant un profil d'écoulement du fluide, en particulier améliorant un profil de vitesse de l'écoulement et réduisant les turbulences aérodynamiques.Such a pressure supply orifice makes it possible to create an additional flow improving a flow profile of the fluid, in particular improving a speed profile of the flow and reducing aerodynamic turbulence.

Un tel orifice d'apport de pression permet par exemple d'apporter de l'énergie à l'écoulement pendant le transvasement ce qui permet de diminuer la recirculation fluidique d'une partie supérieure du clapet et ainsi de diminuer les pertes de charge. Le refoulement du fluide est ainsi impacté par le clapet d'échappement. En modifiant l'écoulement grâce à un ou des orifices d'apport de pression dans ce clapet, la perte de charge du fluide est diminuée et donc les performances du compresseur s'en trouvent améliorées.Such a pressure supply orifice makes it possible, for example, to supply energy to the flow during the transfer, which makes it possible to reduce the fluidic recirculation of an upper part of the valve and thus to reduce the pressure losses. The discharge of the fluid is thus impacted by the exhaust valve. By modifying the flow by means of one or more pressure supply orifices in this valve, the pressure drop of the fluid is reduced and therefore the performance of the compressor is improved.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, le clapet d'échappement est fixé à la plaque de support.According to an exemplary embodiment, the exhaust valve is fixed to the support plate.

Le clapet d'échappement est ainsi par exemple plaqué contre la plaque de support et une ouverture des orifices se fait alors par déformation élastique du clapet.The exhaust valve is thus for example pressed against the support plate and the orifices are then opened by elastic deformation of the valve.

Le clapet d'échappement est de préférence constitué d'une seule lamelle fixée en son centre.The exhaust valve preferably consists of a single lamella fixed at its center.

Dans un exemple de réalisation, le clapet d'échappement est fixé à la plaque de support par une tige de guidage, par exemple métallique, fixée dans la plaque de support.In an exemplary embodiment, the exhaust valve is fixed to the support plate by a guide rod, for example metallic, fixed in the support plate.

La tige de guidage est toutefois configurée pour pouvoir coulisser dans un guide et au moins la tige de guidage est munie d'un système anti-rotation par rapport au guide. De préférence, l'au moins un orifice d'apport de pression est formé proche du centre du clapet d'échappement.The guide rod is however configured to be able to slide in a guide and at least the guide rod is provided with an anti-rotation system with respect to the guide. Preferably, the at least one pressure supply port is formed near the center of the exhaust valve.

En d'autres termes, l'au moins un orifice d'apport de pression est avantageusement disposé entre un centre d'attache du clapet d'échappement et la partie du clapet d'échappement obturant l'au moins un orifice d'échappement.In other words, the at least one pressure supply orifice is advantageously arranged between an attachment center of the exhaust valve and the part of the exhaust valve closing off the at least one exhaust orifice.

Dans un exemple particulier, la plaque à clapets comporte en outre un ressort configuré pour plaquer le clapet d'échappement contre la plaque de support.In a particular example, the valve plate further includes a spring configured to press the exhaust valve against the support plate.

L'au moins un orifice d'échappement est alors obstrué par le clapet grâce à un ressort de précontrainte permettant de le maintenir en position fermée contre la plaque de support.The at least one exhaust port is then blocked by the valve thanks to a preload spring making it possible to keep it in the closed position against the support plate.

Dans un exemple de réalisation, la plaque de support comporte une pluralité d'orifices d'échappement et le clapet d'échappement est configuré pour obturer tous les orifices d'échappement de la pluralité d'orifices d'échappement.In an exemplary embodiment, the support plate has a plurality of exhaust ports and the exhaust valve is configured to close off all of the exhaust ports of the plurality of exhaust ports.

Par exemple, le clapet d'échappement a une forme de disque et est configuré pour obturer tous les orifices d'échappement de la pluralité d'orifices d'échappement.For example, the exhaust valve has a disc shape and is configured to seal off all of the exhaust ports of the plurality of exhaust ports.

En particulier, le clapet d'échappement peut avoir une forme de disque lobé, par exemple avec autant de lobes que d'orifices d'échappement.In particular, the exhaust valve may have the shape of a lobed disc, for example with as many lobes as there are exhaust ports.

Le centre d'attache du clapet d'échappement est de préférence le centre, géométrique, du clapet d'échappement.The center of attachment of the exhaust valve is preferably the geometric center of the exhaust valve.

Par exemple, le clapet d'échappement comporte une pluralité d'orifices d'apport de pression.For example, the exhaust valve has a plurality of pressure supply ports.

Par exemple, les orifices d'apport de pression de la pluralité d'orifices d'apport de pression sont disposés selon un cercle.For example, the pressure supply ports of the plurality of pressure supply ports are arranged in a circle.

Dans un exemple particulier, les orifices d'apport de pression de la pluralité d'orifices d'apport de pression sont disposés à égales distances du centre du clapet d'échappement.In a particular example, the pressure supply ports of the plurality of pressure supply ports are disposed at equal distances from the center of the exhaust valve.

Selon un aspect intéressant de l'invention, le clapet d'admission comporte au moins une lame élastique recouvrant l'au moins un orifice d'admission.According to an interesting aspect of the invention, the intake valve comprises at least one elastic blade covering at least one intake orifice.

L'au moins une lame élastique du clapet d'admission est par exemple un clinquant fin, c'est-à-dire une lame de l'ordre d'une centaine de micromètres d'épaisseur.The at least one elastic blade of the intake valve is for example a thin foil, that is to say a blade of the order of a hundred micrometers in thickness.

L'au moins une lame élastique du clapet d'admission est par exemple fixée en un point à la plaque de support, par exemple à l'aide d'une vis.The at least one elastic blade of the intake valve is for example fixed at a point to the support plate, for example by means of a screw.

Dans un exemple de réalisation, la plaque de support comporte une pluralité d'orifices d'admission et le clapet d'admission est configuré pour obturer tous les orifices d'admission de la pluralité d'orifices d'admission.In an exemplary embodiment, the support plate has a plurality of inlet ports and the inlet valve is configured to close off all of the inlet ports of the plurality of inlet ports.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, le clapet d'admission comporte une pluralité de lames élastiques, par exemple au moins huit lames élastiques, voire dix, voire quinze ; par exemple seize lames élastiques.According to an exemplary embodiment, the intake valve comprises a plurality of elastic leaves, for example at least eight elastic leaves, or even ten, or even fifteen; for example sixteen elastic blades.

En particulier, le clapet d'admission comporte autant de lames élastiques que d'orifices d'admission, chaque lame élastique étant configurée pour obturer l'un des orifices d'admission.In particular, the intake valve comprises as many elastic blades as there are intake openings, each elastic blade being configured to close one of the intake openings.

Le nombre plus important d'orifices d'admission et/ou d'échappement permet d'augmenter une surface de passage du fluide et ainsi réduire les pertes de charge. En outre, accroître le nombre de lames du clapet d'admission et utiliser un clapet d'échappement perforé permet de diminuer l'effort de pression unitaire, et par conséquent de diminuer encore les pertes de charge.The greater number of intake and / or exhaust orifices makes it possible to increase a surface area for the passage of the fluid and thus to reduce pressure losses. In addition, increasing the number of blades of the intake valve and using a perforated exhaust valve makes it possible to reduce the unit pressure force, and consequently to further reduce the pressure losses.

En utilisation, il est ainsi possible de diminuer des écarts de pression entre un cylindre et l'atmosphère en phase d'admission, et entre le cylindre et un conduit d'échappement en phase d'échappement.In use, it is thus possible to reduce the pressure differences between a cylinder and the atmosphere in the intake phase, and between the cylinder and an exhaust duct in the exhaust phase.

Ceci permet de diminuer la consommation énergétique liée à la compression d'un fluide gazeux, i.e. diminuer la consommation spécifique du compresseur.This makes it possible to reduce the energy consumption linked to the compression of a gaseous fluid, i.e. to reduce the specific consumption of the compressor.

Un compresseur peut alors présenter un encombrement du système d'admission et d'échappement plus réduit : par exemple un diamètre de passage peut être supérieur aux solutions de l'art antérieur pour un diamètre de piston équivalent.A compressor can then have a smaller size of the intake and exhaust system: for example a passage diameter can be greater than the solutions of the prior art for an equivalent piston diameter.

Dans un exemple de réalisation, le clapet d'admission comporte une couronne de raccordement, et la couronne de raccordement relie les lames élastiques de la pluralité de lames élastiques.In an exemplary embodiment, the intake valve comprises a connecting ring, and the connecting ring connects the elastic leaves of the plurality of elastic leaves.

Par exemple, le clapet d'admission comportant une pluralité de lames élastiques peut alors être réalisé en une seule pièce.For example, the intake valve comprising a plurality of elastic blades can then be made in one piece.

Selon une option intéressante, la plaque à clapets comporte en outre une plaquette de renfort configurée pour appliquer un effort sur une partie du clapet d'admission.According to an interesting option, the valve plate further comprises a reinforcing plate configured to apply a force to a part of the intake valve.

La plaquette de renfort est plus courte et plus épaisse (son épaisseur est par exemple de l'ordre du demi-millimètre) que le clapet d'admission, en particulier qu'une lame élastique du clapet d'admission.The reinforcement plate is shorter and thicker (its thickness is for example of the order of half a millimeter) than the intake valve, in particular an elastic blade of the intake valve.

Une telle plaquette de renfort permet d'appliquer un effort de précontrainte au clapet d'admission, voire à chaque la lame élastique, permettant de maintenir le clapet, voire la lame élastique, plaqué contre l'orifice d'admission.Such a reinforcing plate makes it possible to apply a prestressing force to the inlet valve, or even to each of the elastic blade, making it possible to keep the valve, or even the elastic blade, pressed against the inlet orifice.

Une telle plaquette de renfort permet aussi de déplacer le point de fléchissement du clapet, ou de la lame élastique, afin d'améliorer leur endurance.Such a reinforcing plate also makes it possible to move the point of deflection of the valve, or of the elastic blade, in order to improve their endurance.

L'ouverture s'effectue par déformation élastique du clapet d'admission, voire de la lame élastique.Opening is effected by elastic deformation of the intake valve, or even of the elastic blade.

Dans un exemple de réalisation, la plaquette de renfort comporte une partie d'extrémité libre qui est recourbée selon une direction s'éloignant de la plaque de support.In an exemplary embodiment, the reinforcing plate has a free end portion which is curved in a direction away from the support plate.

Par définition, la partie d'extrémité libre de la plaquette de renfort désigne une partie opposée à une partie de la plaquette de renfort par laquelle elle est fixée à la plaque de support, par exemple celle la plus éloignée du centre.By definition, the free end part of the reinforcing plate designates a part opposite to a part of the reinforcing plate by which it is fixed to the support plate, for example the one furthest from the center.

Dans un exemple de réalisation, la plaquette de renfort comporte au moins une lamelle de renfort, et de préférence une lamelle de renfort par lame élastique du clapet d'admission.In an exemplary embodiment, the reinforcing plate comprises at least one reinforcing strip, and preferably one reinforcing strip per elastic strip of the intake valve.

Dans un exemple de réalisation, la plaque de support présente deux faces opposées définissant entre elles une épaisseur de la plaque de support, et l'au moins un orifice d'admission et l'au moins un orifice d'échappement traversent l'épaisseur de la plaque de support.In an exemplary embodiment, the support plate has two opposite faces defining between them a thickness of the support plate, and the at least one orifice inlet and the at least one exhaust port pass through the thickness of the backing plate.

Par exemple, le clapet d'admission est alors configuré pour obturer l'au moins un orifice d'admission par une première des deux faces et le clapet d'échappement est alors configuré pour obturer l'au moins un orifice d'échappement par une autre des deux faces (face opposée).For example, the intake valve is then configured to close off at least one intake port by a first of the two faces and the exhaust valve is then configured to close off at least one exhaust port by a other of the two faces (opposite face).

L'une des deux faces correspond alors à une face côté admission, par exemple en contact avec un cylindre, tandis que la face opposée correspond à une face côté échappement, par exemple en contact avec un conduit d'échappement.One of the two faces then corresponds to a face on the intake side, for example in contact with a cylinder, while the opposite face corresponds to a face on the exhaust side, for example in contact with an exhaust duct.

Dans un exemple de réalisation, les orifices d'admission de la pluralité d'orifices d'admission sont disposés selon un cercle.In an exemplary embodiment, the inlet ports of the plurality of inlet ports are arranged in a circle.

Dans un exemple de réalisation, les orifices d'échappement de la pluralité d'orifices d'échappement sont disposés selon un cercle.In an exemplary embodiment, the exhaust ports of the plurality of exhaust ports are arranged in a circle.

Par exemple, le cercle de la pluralité des orifices d'apport de pression est inscrit dans le cercle de la pluralité des orifices d'échappement.For example, the circle of the plurality of pressure supply ports is inscribed within the circle of the plurality of exhaust ports.

Par exemple, le cercle de la pluralité d'orifices d'échappement est inscrit dans le cercle de la pluralité d'orifices d'admission.For example, the circle of the plurality of exhaust ports is inscribed within the circle of the plurality of intake ports.

Une telle disposition annulaire des orifices d'admission et/ou d'échappement permet de favoriser un remplissage d'une enceinte grâce à l'écoulement et aux recirculations induits.Such an annular arrangement of the intake and / or exhaust orifices makes it possible to promote filling of an enclosure by virtue of the flow and the induced recirculations.

Dans un mode de réalisation intéressant, le clapet d'échappement et/ou le clapet d'admission comporte au moins un joint d'étanchéité.In an interesting embodiment, the exhaust valve and / or the intake valve comprises at least one seal.

Le joint d'étanchéité sert par exemple pour une meilleure étanchéité au niveau d'un orifice lorsque le clapet est fermé.The seal is used, for example, for better sealing at an orifice when the valve is closed.

Un tel joint sert également à garantir une meilleure étanchéité entre un cylindre et la plaque à clapets.Such a seal also serves to ensure better sealing between a cylinder and the valve plate.

Le joint d'étanchéité est par exemple en un matériau polymère, mais utiliser un autre matériau comme du cuivre est aussi possible.The seal is for example made of a polymer material, but using another material such as copper is also possible.

Un tel joint est par exemple configuré pour recouvrir un orifice correspondant.Such a seal is for example configured to cover a corresponding orifice.

Enfin, est également proposé, selon un autre aspect de l'invention, un compresseur comportant une plaque à clapets telle que décrite précédemment, un cylindre, fixé sur la plaque de support, entourant au moins le clapet d'admission et une conduite d'échappement, fixée sur la plaque de support, entourant au moins le clapet d'échappement.Finally, there is also proposed, according to another aspect of the invention, a compressor comprising a valve plate as described above, a cylinder, fixed to the support plate, surrounding at least the intake valve and a pipe. exhaust, fixed on the support plate, surrounding at least the exhaust valve.

En fonction, il est préférable de remplir le cylindre en fluide (air) pour un meilleur fonctionnement du compresseur mais aussi pour améliorer ses performances.In function, it is preferable to fill the cylinder with fluid (air) for better operation of the compressor but also to improve its performance.

Le nombre important de lamelles permettent de parvenir à maximiser la surface de passage du fluide et donc minimiser les pertes de charge.The large number of lamellae make it possible to maximize the surface area for the passage of the fluid and therefore minimize pressure drops.

L'invention, selon un exemple de réalisation, sera bien comprise et ses avantages apparaitront mieux à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit, donnée à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • [Fig. 1] la figure 1 représente un clapet d'admission selon un exemple de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • [Fig. 2] la figure 2 présente en perspective une plaque à clapets côté admission selon un exemple de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • [Fig. 3] la figure 3 présente en perspective la plaque à clapets de la figure 2 côté échappement selon un exemple de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • [Fig. 4] la figure 4 présente le mode de réalisation de la figure 3 en perspective présentant un arrachement selon un plan médian ; et
  • [Fig. 5] la figure 5 présente une vue en coupe selon le plan d'arrachement de la figure 4.
The invention, according to an exemplary embodiment, will be well understood and its advantages will appear better on reading the following detailed description, given as an indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • [ Fig. 1 ] the figure 1 represents an intake valve according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
  • [ Fig. 2 ] the figure 2 shows in perspective a valve plate on the inlet side according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
  • [ Fig. 3 ] the figure 3 shows in perspective the valve plate of the figure 2 exhaust side according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
  • [ Fig. 4 ] the figure 4 presents the embodiment of the figure 3 in perspective showing a cut away along a median plane; and
  • [ Fig. 5 ] the figure 5 shows a sectional view according to the cutaway plane of the figure 4 .

Les éléments identiques représentés sur les figures précitées sont identifiés par des références numériques identiques.Identical elements shown in the aforementioned figures are identified by identical numerical references.

La figure 1 présente un clapet d'admission 10 selon un exemple de réalisation dans lequel il est formé d'une seule pièce.The figure 1 presents an intake valve 10 according to an exemplary embodiment in which it is formed in one piece.

Dans un tel mode de réalisation, le clapet d'admission est par exemple formé à partir d'un clinquant découpé et perforé. Il est par exemple inscrit dans un disque.In such an embodiment, the intake valve is for example formed from a cut and perforated foil. It is for example written in a disc.

Dans cet exemple de réalisation, le clapet d'admission 10 comporte une pluralité de lames élastiques 11, en particulier seize lames élastiques 11.In this exemplary embodiment, the intake valve 10 comprises a plurality of elastic blades 11, in particular sixteen elastic blades 11.

Chaque lame élastique 11 est configurée pour obturer un orifice d'admission d'une plaque de support 20.Each elastic blade 11 is configured to close an inlet port of a support plate 20.

Les lames élastiques sont ici disposées en étoiles ; autrement dit, elles rayonnent à partir d'un même point P du clapet d'admission, ce point P étant ici par exemple son centre géométrique.The elastic blades are here arranged in stars; in other words, they radiate from the same point P of the intake valve, this point P being here for example its geometric center.

En outre, les lames élastiques 11 sont ici régulièrement espacées les unes des autres. Dans le présent exemple de réalisation, les lames élastiques sont reliées par une couronne de raccordement 12, ici en forme d'anneau.In addition, the elastic blades 11 are here regularly spaced from one another. In the present exemplary embodiment, the elastic blades are connected by a connecting ring 12, here in the form of a ring.

Par ailleurs, le clapet d'admission 10 comporte ici au moins un trou de fixation 13 configuré pour fixer le clapet d'admission 10 à la plaque de support 20.Furthermore, the inlet valve 10 here comprises at least one fixing hole 13 configured to fix the inlet valve 10 to the support plate 20.

En l'occurrence, le clapet d'admission 10 comporte un trou de fixation 13 par lame élastique 11.In this case, the intake valve 10 has a fixing hole 13 by elastic blade 11.

Cela étant, comme le clapet d'admission est formé d'une seule pièce, il pourrait comprendre moins de trous de fixation 13 que de lames élastiques 11.However, as the intake valve is formed in one piece, it could include fewer fixing holes 13 than elastic blades 11.

En particulier, chaque trou de fixation 13 est ici formé dans une partie d'une lame élastique en intersection avec la couronne de raccordement 12.In particular, each fixing hole 13 is here formed in a part of an elastic strip intersecting with the connecting ring 12.

Une telle disposition permet de laisser plus de liberté en flexion à la lame élastique. Selon une option intéressante, le clapet d'admission 10 comporte ici des joints d'étanchéité 14 configurés pour obturer un orifice d'admission de la plaque de support 20.Such an arrangement allows more freedom in flexion to the elastic blade. According to an interesting option, the intake valve 10 here comprises seals 14 configured to close an intake orifice of the support plate 20.

Ainsi, ici, chaque joint d'étanchéité 14 est fixé sur une partie de chaque lame élastique 11.Thus, here, each seal 14 is fixed on a part of each elastic blade 11.

De tels joints d'étanchéité 14 sont toutefois optionnels.Such seals 14 are however optional.

Enfin, le clapet d'admission 10 comporte ici une ouverture 15, centrale, qui est ici circulaire. Cette ouverture 15 est ici configurée pour laisser un passage d'échappement de fluide. Ainsi, dans l'exemple de réalisation des figures 2 à 5, l'ouverture 15 entoure des orifices d'échappement 22 (visibles figure 2).Finally, the intake valve 10 has here an opening 15, central, which is here circular. This opening 15 is here configured to leave a fluid escape passage. Thus, in the example of the realization of figures 2 to 5 , the opening 15 surrounds the exhaust ports 22 (visible figure 2 ).

La figure 2 présente une plaque à clapets comportant une plaque de support 20 sur laquelle est fixé le clapet d'admission 10 de la figure 1.The figure 2 presents a valve plate comprising a support plate 20 on which the inlet valve 10 of the figure 1 .

Sur cette figure, la plaque de support 20 est vue ici, par définition, « côté admission ». Les éléments présents du côté opposé, dit « côté échappement », sont visibles par effet de transparence, en pointillés.In this figure, the support plate 20 is seen here, by definition, "on the intake side". The elements present on the opposite side, known as the “escapement side”, are visible by the effect of transparency, in dotted lines.

La plaque de support 20 comporte principalement des orifices d'admission 21 (visible par effet de transparence sur cette figure) et des orifices d'échappement 22.The support plate 20 mainly comprises intake orifices 21 (visible by the effect of transparency in this figure) and exhaust orifices 22.

Dans le présent exemple de réalisation, la plaque de support 20 comporte seize orifices d'admission 21 - le clapet d'admission 10 comportant autant de lames élastiques 11 qu'il y a d'orifice d'admission 21.In the present exemplary embodiment, the support plate 20 comprises sixteen intake openings 21 - the intake valve 10 comprising as many elastic blades 11 as there are intake orifice 21.

Par ailleurs, la plaque de support 20 comporte ici huit orifices d'échappement 22.Furthermore, the support plate 20 here comprises eight exhaust ports 22.

Bien entendu, le nombre d'orifices peut varier.Of course, the number of orifices can vary.

Dans cet exemple de réalisation, les orifices d'admission 21 sont disposés selon un cercle ; et les orifices d'échappement 22 sont disposés selon un autre cercle.In this exemplary embodiment, the inlet orifices 21 are arranged in a circle; and the exhaust ports 22 are arranged in another circle.

Le cercle des orifices d'échappement 22 est inscrit dans le cercle des orifices d'admission 21.The circle of the exhaust ports 22 is inscribed in the circle of the intake ports 21.

Leurs dispositions en cercles permettent de favoriser le remplissage dans l'enceinte grâce à l'écoulement et aux recirculations induites.Their circular arrangements make it possible to promote filling in the enclosure by virtue of the flow and the induced recirculations.

La plaque de support 20 comporte aussi des trous configurés pour recevoir les éléments de fixation du clapet d'admission, par exemple des vis traversant les trous de fixation 13. De préférence, ces trous de la plaque de support 20 sont borgnes pour favoriser l'étanchéité.The support plate 20 also comprises holes configured to receive the fixing elements of the intake valve, for example screws passing through the fixing holes 13. Preferably, these holes of the support plate 20 are blind to promote the sealing.

Enfin, la plaque de support 20 comporte des trous 23, qui sont par exemple configurés pour permettre de fixer un cylindre, par exemple ici du même côté de la plaque de support 20 que le clapet d'admission 10.Finally, the support plate 20 has holes 23, which are for example configured to allow a cylinder to be fixed, for example here on the same side of the support plate 20 as the intake valve 10.

De plus, selon cet exemple, la plaque à clapets comporte aussi une plaquette de renfort 30.In addition, according to this example, the valve plate also includes a reinforcing plate 30.

La plaquette de renfort 30 est configurée pour appliquer un effort sur une partie du clapet d'admission 10.The reinforcing plate 30 is configured to apply a force to a part of the intake valve 10.

La plaquette de renfort 30 a par exemple une épaisseur de l'ordre du demi-millimètre. Ici, la plaquette de renfort 30 comporte une pluralité de lamelles de renfort 31, notamment une lamelle de renfort 31 par lame élastique 11, soit seize lamelles de renfort 31.The reinforcing plate 30 has for example a thickness of the order of half a millimeter. Here, the reinforcing plate 30 comprises a plurality of reinforcing strips 31, in particular a reinforcing strip 31 per elastic strip 11, i.e. sixteen reinforcing strips 31.

Chaque lamelle de renfort 31 est ici superposée à une partie d'une des lames élastiques 11.Each reinforcing strip 31 is here superimposed on a part of one of the elastic strips 11.

Chaque lamelle de renfort 31 est fixée à la plaque de support 20 par un élément de fixation 32, par exemple ici une vis, traversant un trou de la lamelle de renfort 31 et un trou de fixation 13 du clapet d'admission 10 correspondant.Each reinforcing strip 31 is fixed to the support plate 20 by a fastening element 32, for example here a screw, passing through a hole in the reinforcing strip 31 and a fastening hole 13 of the corresponding intake valve 10.

Ainsi, ici, le clapet d'admission 10 est fixé à la plaque de support 20 par l'élément de fixation 32 traversant des trous de fixation 13, et il est pincé entre la plaquette de renfort 30 et la plaque de support 20.Thus, here, the intake valve 10 is fixed to the support plate 20 by the fastening element 32 passing through the fastening holes 13, and it is clamped between the reinforcing plate 30 and the support plate 20.

Ces éléments sont, par définition, fixés sur une face de la plaque de support 20 dite « côté admission ».These elements are, by definition, fixed to one face of the support plate 20 called the “inlet side”.

En outre, le clapet d'admission 10 est positionné sur la plaque de support 20 avec une partie de chaque lame élastique 11, en particulier les joints d'étanchéité 14, obturant un orifice d'admission 21 correspondant.Furthermore, the intake valve 10 is positioned on the support plate 20 with a part of each elastic blade 11, in particular the seals 14, closing off a corresponding intake port 21.

De la sorte, chaque orifice d'admission 21 est obturé par une lame élastique 11, en particulier ici par un joint d'étanchéité 14.In this way, each inlet orifice 21 is closed off by an elastic blade 11, in particular here by a seal 14.

La figure 3 présente la plaque à clapets de la figure 3 vue, par définition, « côté échappement », c'est-à-dire selon une face opposée à la face de la plaque de support 20 « côté admission ».The figure 3 presents the valve plate of the figure 3 view, by definition, “on the exhaust side”, that is to say along a face opposite to the face of the support plate 20 “on the inlet side”.

Sur cette figure, les éléments présents côté admission, détaillés précédemment, sont visibles par effet de transparence, en pointillés.In this figure, the elements present on the intake side, detailed previously, are visible by the effect of transparency, in dotted lines.

De ce côté, la plaque à clapets est munie d'un conduit d'échappement 50.On this side, the valve plate is provided with an exhaust duct 50.

Le conduit d'échappement 50 est fixé sur la plaque de support 20 entre les orifices d'admission 21 et les orifices d'échappement 22.The exhaust duct 50 is fixed on the support plate 20 between the intake ports 21 and the exhaust ports 22.

Dans cet exemple de réalisation, le conduit d'échappement 50 est fixé sur une face de la plaque de support 20 opposée à celle sur laquelle est fixé le clapet d'admission 10. Ainsi, le conduit d'échappement 50 est, par définition, fixé sur la face de la plaque de support « côté échappement ».In this exemplary embodiment, the exhaust duct 50 is fixed on a face of the support plate 20 opposite to that on which the intake valve 10 is fixed. Thus, the exhaust duct 50 is, by definition, attached to the face of the “exhaust side” support plate.

Dans le présent exemple de réalisation, un renfort 51 est présent dans le conduit d'échappement 50.In the present exemplary embodiment, a reinforcement 51 is present in the exhaust duct 50.

Le renfort 51 est par exemple réalisé conjointement avec le conduit d'échappement 50 ; ils sont par exemple usinés en masse ensemble.The reinforcement 51 is for example produced jointly with the exhaust duct 50; they are for example mass-machined together.

Le renfort 51 sert ici à maintenir une tige de guidage 54 à travers un guide 55, décrits à la figure 4.The reinforcement 51 is used here to maintain a guide rod 54 through a guide 55, described in figure 4 .

Le renfort 51 comporte ici des trous 52, au nombre de sept dans cet exemple, permettent de faire passer le fluide comprimé de la zone où se situe un clapet d'échappement 40, décrit ci-après, vers une zone avale.The reinforcement 51 here comprises holes 52, seven in number in this example, allow the compressed fluid to pass from the zone where an exhaust valve 40 is located, described below, to a downstream zone.

Comme le montre mieux la figure 4, la plaque à clapets comporte un clapet d'échappement 40 configuré pour obturer les orifices d'échappement 22.As best shown by the figure 4 , the valve plate comprises an exhaust valve 40 configured to close the exhaust ports 22.

Dans cet exemple, le clapet d'échappement 40 est fixé « côté échappement » de la plaque de support 20.In this example, the exhaust valve 40 is attached "exhaust side" of the support plate 20.

Le clapet d'échappement 40 est ici constitué d'une seule plaquette qui est fixée en son centre (géométrique), qui, en l'occurrence coïncide avec le point P du clapet d'admission 10 illustré figure 1. Comme l'illustre la figure 4, la plaquette formant le clapet d'échappement 40 a ici une forme de disque, en particulier ici une forme de disque lobé, avec autant de lobes que d'orifices d'échappement 22.The exhaust valve 40 here consists of a single plate which is fixed at its (geometric) center, which in this case coincides with the point P of the intake valve 10 illustrated. figure 1 . As illustrated by figure 4 , the plate forming the exhaust valve 40 here has the shape of a disc, in particular here the shape of a lobed disc, with as many lobes as there are exhaust ports 22.

En particulier ici, le clapet d'échappement 40 est fixé par la tige de guidage 54, par exemple métallique, configurée pour pouvoir coulisser par rapport au guide 55.In particular here, the exhaust valve 40 is fixed by the guide rod 54, for example metallic, configured to be able to slide relative to the guide 55.

La tige de guidage 54 comporte par exemple un méplat 56 (mieux visible figure 3 par exemple) tandis que le guide 55 est ici formé par un cylindre tronqué correspondant afin de former ensemble un système anti-rotation.The guide rod 54 comprises for example a flat 56 (better visible figure 3 for example) while the guide 55 is here formed by a corresponding truncated cylinder in order to form together an anti-rotation system.

En outre, le guide 55 est solidaire du renfort 51.In addition, the guide 55 is integral with the reinforcement 51.

De plus, le clapet d'échappement 40 est placé contre la plaque de support 20 grâce à un ressort de précontrainte 53 permettant de renforcer son maintien en position fermée au niveau de la plaque de support 20.In addition, the exhaust valve 40 is placed against the support plate 20 by means of a preload spring 53 making it possible to strengthen its retention in the closed position at the level of the support plate 20.

Selon un aspect intéressant de l'invention, le clapet d'échappement 40 comporte des orifices d'apport de pression 41.According to an interesting aspect of the invention, the exhaust valve 40 comprises pressure supply ports 41.

Ces derniers permettent d'apporter de l'énergie à l'écoulement pendant le transvasement ce qui permet de diminuer la recirculation fluidique de la partie supérieure du clapet et ainsi de diminuer les pertes de charge.The latter make it possible to bring energy to the flow during the transfer, which makes it possible to reduce the fluidic recirculation of the upper part of the valve and thus to reduce the pressure losses.

Les orifices d'apport de pression 41 sont formés dans une partie du clapet d'échappement 40 différente d'une partie du clapet d'échappement 40 obturant les orifices d'échappement 22.The pressure supply ports 41 are formed in a part of the exhaust valve 40 different from a part of the exhaust valve 40 closing off the exhaust ports 22.

En effet, si une partie des orifices d'apport de pression 41 se superposent à une partie des orifices d'échappement 22, des fuites indésirables se produiraient.Indeed, if a part of the pressure supply ports 41 are superimposed on a part of the exhaust ports 22, undesirable leaks would occur.

Utiliser un clapet d'échappement 40 perforé permet notamment de diminuer l'effort de pression unitaire.Using a perforated exhaust valve 40 makes it possible in particular to reduce the unit pressure force.

En outre, ici, les orifices d'apport de pression 41 sont avantageusement proches du centre, ici de la tige de guidage 54.In addition, here, the pressure supply orifices 41 are advantageously close to the center, here of the guide rod 54.

En d'autres termes, les orifices d'apport de pression 41 sont ici disposés entre le centre du clapet d'échappement 40 et la partie du clapet d'échappement 40 obturant les orifices d'échappement 22.In other words, the pressure supply ports 41 are here arranged between the center of the exhaust valve 40 and the part of the exhaust valve 40 closing off the exhaust ports 22.

Comme l'illustre la figure 4, les orifices d'apport de pression 41 sont ici disposés selon un cercle, à égales distances du centre du clapet d'échappement 40.As illustrated by figure 4 , the pressure supply ports 41 are here arranged in a circle, at equal distances from the center of the exhaust valve 40.

Ainsi, dans cet exemple de réalisation, le cercle des orifices d'apport de pression 41 est inscrit dans le cercle des orifices d'échappement 22, qui est inscrit dans le cercle des orifices d'admission 21.Thus, in this exemplary embodiment, the circle of the pressure supply ports 41 is inscribed in the circle of the exhaust ports 22, which is inscribed in the circle of the intake ports 21.

La figure 5 montre la plaque à clapets selon le plan d'arrachement de la figure 4, mettant en évidence un positionnement relatif du clapet d'admission 10, de la plaquette de renfort 30 et du clapet d'échappement 40 les uns par rapport aux autres, ici centrés. En outre, les flèches en pointillés, aussi visibles sur les figures 3 et 4, permettent de visualiser un écoulement de fluide.The figure 5 shows the valve plate according to the tear-off plane of the figure 4 , showing a relative positioning of the intake valve 10, of the reinforcing plate 30 and of the exhaust valve 40 with respect to each other, here centered. In addition, the dotted arrows, also visible on the figures 3 and 4 , allow you to visualize a fluid flow.

En fonctionnement, un fluide est ainsi admis via les orifices d'admission 21. Il se retrouve alors « côté admission », c'est-à-dire en partie supérieure de la figure 5. Le fluide est comprimé et est ensuite éjecté via les orifices d'échappement 22. Le fluide est alors « côté échappement », en particulier dans le conduit d'échappement 50, et s'échappe via les trous 52 du renfort 51.In operation, a fluid is thus admitted via the inlet ports 21. It is then found on the “inlet side”, that is to say in the upper part of the inlet. figure 5 . The fluid is compressed and is then ejected via the exhaust ports 22. The fluid is then “on the exhaust side”, in particular in the exhaust duct 50, and escapes via the holes 52 of the reinforcement 51.

Claims (14)

Plaque à clapets d'admission et d'échappement comportant : - une plaque de support (20) qui comporte au moins un orifice d'admission (21) et au moins un orifice d'échappement (22) ; - un clapet d'admission (10) configuré pour obturer l'au moins un orifice d'admission (21), et - un clapet d'échappement (40) configuré pour obturer l'au moins un orifice d'échappement (22), Caractérisée en ce que le clapet d'échappement (40) comporte au moins un orifice d'apport de pression (41) qui est formé dans une partie du clapet d'échappement (40) différente d'une partie du clapet d'échappement (40) obturant l'au moins un orifice d'échappement (22).Intake and exhaust valve plate comprising: - a support plate (20) which has at least one intake port (21) and at least one exhaust port (22); - an intake valve (10) configured to close off at least one intake port (21), and - an exhaust valve (40) configured to close off at least one exhaust port (22), Characterized in that the exhaust valve (40) has at least one pressure supply port (41) which is formed in a part of the exhaust valve (40) different from a part of the exhaust valve ( 40) closing off at least one exhaust port (22). Plaque à clapets selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'au moins un orifice d'apport de pression (41) est disposé entre un centre d'attache du clapet d'échappement (40) et la partie du clapet d'échappement obturant l'au moins un orifice d'échappement (22).Valve plate according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one pressure supply port (41) is arranged between an attachment center of the exhaust valve (40) and the part of the exhaust valve closing off at least one exhaust port (22). Plaque à clapets selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la plaque de support (20) comporte une pluralité d'orifices d'échappement (22) et le clapet d'échappement (40) est configuré pour obturer tous les orifices d'échappement (22) de la pluralité d'orifices d'échappement.A valve plate according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the support plate (20) has a plurality of exhaust ports (22) and the exhaust valve (40) is configured to shut off all of the exhaust ports (22) of the plurality of exhaust ports. Plaque à clapets selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le clapet d'échappement (40) comporte une pluralité d'orifices d'apport de pression (41).Valve plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the exhaust valve (40) has a plurality of pressure supply ports (41). Plaque à clapets selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la plaque de support (20) comporte une pluralité d'orifices d'admission (21) et le clapet d'admission (10) est configuré pour obturer tous les orifices d'admission (21) de la pluralité d'orifices d'admission.A valve plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the support plate (20) has a plurality of intake ports (21) and the intake valve (10) is configured to shut off all of the inlet ports (21) of the plurality of inlet ports. Plaque à clapets selon les revendications 3 et 4, caractérisée en ce que les orifices d'apport de pression (41) de la pluralité d'orifices d'apport de pression sont disposés selon un cercle, en ce que les orifices d'échappement (22) de la pluralité d'orifices d'échappement sont disposés selon un cercle, et en ce que le cercle de la pluralité des orifices d'apport de pression (41) est inscrit dans le cercle de la pluralité des orifices d'échappement (22).Valve plate according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the pressure supply ports (41) of the plurality of pressure supply ports are arranged in a circle, in that the exhaust ports ( 22) of the plurality of exhaust ports are arranged in a circle, and in that the circle of the plurality of pressure supply ports (41) is inscribed in the circle of the plurality of exhaust ports ( 22). Plaque à clapets selon les revendications 3 et 5, caractérisée en ce que les orifices d'admission (21) de la pluralité d'orifices d'admission sont disposés selon un cercle, en ce que les orifices d'échappement (22) de la pluralité d'orifices d'échappement sont disposés selon un cercle, et en ce que le cercle de la pluralité des orifices d'échappement (22) est inscrit dans le cercle de la pluralité des orifices d'admission (21).Valve plate according to claims 3 and 5, characterized in that the inlet ports (21) of the plurality of inlet ports are arranged in a circle, in that the outlet ports (22) of the The plurality of exhaust ports are arranged in a circle, and in that the circle of the plurality of exhaust ports (22) is inscribed within the circle of the plurality of intake ports (21). Plaque à clapets selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le clapet d'admission (10) comporte au moins une lame élastique (11) recouvrant l'au moins un orifice d'admission (21).Valve plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the intake valve (10) comprises at least one elastic blade (11) covering at least one intake orifice (21). Plaque à clapets selon les revendications 5 et 8, caractérisée en ce que le clapet d'admission (10) comporte une pluralité de lames élastiques (11), chaque lame élastique (11) étant configurée pour obturer l'un des orifices d'admission (21).Valve plate according to claims 5 and 8, characterized in that the inlet valve (10) comprises a plurality of elastic blades (11), each elastic blade (11) being configured to close one of the inlet openings (21). Plaque à clapets selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que le clapet d'admission (10) comporte une couronne de raccordement (12), et la couronne de raccordement (12) relie les lames élastiques (11) de la pluralité de lames élastiques.Valve plate according to claim 9, characterized in that the inlet valve (10) comprises a connecting ring (12), and the connecting ring (12) connects the elastic leaves (11) of the plurality of elastic leaves . Plaque à clapets selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte en outre une plaquette de renfort (30) configurée pour appliquer un effort sur une partie du clapet d'admission (10).Valve plate according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it further comprises a reinforcing plate (30) configured to apply a force to a part of the intake valve (10). Plaque à clapets selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que la plaquette de renfort (30) comporte au moins une lamelle de renfort (31).Valve plate according to Claim 11, characterized in that the reinforcing plate (30) comprises at least one reinforcing strip (31). Plaque à clapets selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce que la plaque de support (20) présente deux faces opposées définissant entre elles une épaisseur de la plaque de support, et l'au moins un orifice d'admission (21) et l'au moins un orifice d'échappement (22) traversent l'épaisseur de la plaque de support (20), le clapet d'admission (10) étant configuré pour obturer l'au moins un orifice d'admission (21) par une première des deux faces et le clapet d'échappement (40) étant configuré pour obturer l'au moins un orifice d'échappement (22) par une autre des deux faces.Valve plate according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the support plate (20) has two opposite faces defining between them a thickness of the support plate, and the at least one inlet port (21) and the at least one exhaust port (22) pass through the thickness of the backing plate (20), the inlet valve (10) being configured to close the au at least one intake port (21) by a first of the two faces and the exhaust valve (40) being configured to close off at least one exhaust port (22) by another of the two faces. Compresseur comportant une plaque à clapets selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, un cylindre, fixé sur la plaque de support (20), entourant au moins le clapet d'admission (10) et une conduite d'échappement (50), fixée sur la plaque de support (20), entourant au moins le clapet d'échappement (40).Compressor comprising a valve plate according to any one of claims 1 to 13, a cylinder, fixed to the support plate (20), surrounding at least the intake valve (10) and an exhaust pipe (50) , fixed on the support plate (20), surrounding at least the exhaust valve (40).
EP20212684.3A 2019-12-11 2020-12-09 Plate with intake and exhaust valves with low irreversibility, and compressor comprising such a plate Active EP3835581B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1914216A FR3104650B1 (en) 2019-12-11 2019-12-11 LOW IRREVERSIBILITY INLET AND EXHAUST VALVE PLATE, AND COMPRESSOR CONTAINING SUCH A PLATE.

Publications (3)

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EP3835581A1 true EP3835581A1 (en) 2021-06-16
EP3835581C0 EP3835581C0 (en) 2023-08-23
EP3835581B1 EP3835581B1 (en) 2023-08-23

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FR (1) FR3104650B1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3039487A (en) * 1960-09-26 1962-06-19 American Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US4283166A (en) * 1978-01-24 1981-08-11 Sankyo Electric Company, Limited Fluid suction and discharge apparatus
GB2068510A (en) * 1980-01-23 1981-08-12 Necchi Spa Compressor unit
FR2596815A1 (en) * 1986-04-07 1987-10-09 Finoszerelvenygyar Piston compressor, especially refrigeration compressor
US4976284A (en) * 1990-01-16 1990-12-11 General Motors Corporation Reed valve for piston machine
WO2015011906A1 (en) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-29 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Sealed compressor and refrigeration device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3039487A (en) * 1960-09-26 1962-06-19 American Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US4283166A (en) * 1978-01-24 1981-08-11 Sankyo Electric Company, Limited Fluid suction and discharge apparatus
GB2068510A (en) * 1980-01-23 1981-08-12 Necchi Spa Compressor unit
FR2596815A1 (en) * 1986-04-07 1987-10-09 Finoszerelvenygyar Piston compressor, especially refrigeration compressor
US4976284A (en) * 1990-01-16 1990-12-11 General Motors Corporation Reed valve for piston machine
WO2015011906A1 (en) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-29 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 Sealed compressor and refrigeration device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3835581C0 (en) 2023-08-23
FR3104650A1 (en) 2021-06-18
EP3835581B1 (en) 2023-08-23
FR3104650B1 (en) 2021-12-17

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