EP3829971A1 - Inner explosion resistant membrane door for a marine vessel - Google Patents

Inner explosion resistant membrane door for a marine vessel

Info

Publication number
EP3829971A1
EP3829971A1 EP18774159.0A EP18774159A EP3829971A1 EP 3829971 A1 EP3829971 A1 EP 3829971A1 EP 18774159 A EP18774159 A EP 18774159A EP 3829971 A1 EP3829971 A1 EP 3829971A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
door
plate
peripheral edge
marine vessel
inner membrane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP18774159.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Arie Gérard VAN ERKEL
Gersom PAPE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Original Assignee
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO filed Critical Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO
Publication of EP3829971A1 publication Critical patent/EP3829971A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/24—Arrangements of watertight doors in bulkheads
    • B63B43/32—Arrangements of watertight doors in bulkheads of non-sliding type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
    • B63B2019/0053—Locking means for ports, doors, windows, covers, or the like, e.g. providing for watertight closure when locked
    • B63B2019/0069—Locking means for ports, doors, windows, covers, or the like, e.g. providing for watertight closure when locked comprising movable positive fit locking members, e.g. swivelling locking clips, or dogs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inner explosion resistant membrane door for a marine vessel according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • FIG. 1 Such an inner membrane door for a marine vessel is known from EP-B- 1144783 and is depicted in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
  • the known inner membrane door 31 is shown comprising a first plate 32 serving as fixed frame with an opening 34 enclosed by a peripheral edge 33.
  • a door 37 is connected pivotally to this first plate 32 by two hinges 35, 36 such that with its peripheral zone 38 the door 37 can co-act sealingly with said peripheral edge 33.
  • the first plate 32 carries a number of peripherally arranged clamps 39, which clamps 39 are simultaneously rotatable by a collective operating mechanism 40 with an operating handle 41 and through rotation can co-act with the peripheral surfaces 42 of corresponding non round continuous holes 43 in door 37.
  • the peripheral surfaces 42 can have a contact surface 44 inclining relative to the main plane of the inner membrane door 31 in the closed situation, which continuous holes 43 have a form such that a clamp 39 can pass
  • the door 37 of the known inner membrane door for a marine vessel further comprises a second plate or door leaf 45 made of steel which is received in a framework 46, which framework co-acts with the peripheral edge 33 in the closed situation of the inner membrane door 31.
  • the clamps 39 are arranged on rotation shafts 47.
  • Continuous holes 43 in door 37 are correspondingly formed slotted holes.
  • the peripheral edge 33 is deformable under the influence of an air pressure load acting on the inner membrane door in the closed position such that the whole inner membrane door consisting of both the first plate with the peripheral edge and the door can be pressed out of the main plane it occupies when at rest.
  • handle 41 the rotation shaft 47 of each clamp can be rotated via
  • the peripheral edge 33 comprises a relatively thin (6-9 mm), sheet-metal strip 51 having the general shape of a wave, with at least one wave.
  • Strip 51 extends wholly around door opening 34 and is welded to the first plate 32 and the remaining part 52 of peripheral edge 33.
  • Figures 2 and 3 shows the situation in which the door 45, 46 is placed in closed position and depicts hooking means present on respectively the peripheral edge 33 and the door 37, which hooking means only enter into hooking co action when a certain minimal deformation of the inner membrane door 31 in closed position is exceeded as a result of a pressure load acting thereon.
  • the hooking means comprise prismatic beams 57, 58 respectively forming part of respectively the peripheral edge and framework 46. These beams have undercut surfaces 59, 60 respectively directed toward each other which, in the case of the described substantial deformation under the influence of an air pressure load, can enter into hooking co-action with each other.
  • This known inner membrane door for a marine vessel meets high standards of resistance to explosion.
  • the invention is for one part based on the insight that the explosion resistance of the inner membrane door for a marine vessel can be improved if fracture resistance of the inner membrane door for a marine vessel is increased in case of combined blast loading and fragment perforations.
  • the invention is in particular based on the insight that in case an exploding warhead, shell or bomb explodes in a inner compartment of a marine vessel closed by an inner membrane door fragments of the exploding warhead reach the inner membrane door before significant deformation of the door occurs due to the pressure load and these fragments can penetrate the inner membrane door forming holes therein.
  • the pressure load of the explosion causes significant deformation of the inner membrane door and, fractures or cracks can be created or propagate in the inner membrane door starting from the holes formed by the fragments, which fractures can strongly decrease the explosion resistance of the inner membrane door as (part of the) door leaf 45 can be blown open.
  • the invention is for the other part based on the insight that in case the second plate or door leaf is made of stainless steel this fracture creation or growth can be strongly reduced.
  • using stainless steel for an inner door of a marine vessel is not an obvious choice in particular since stainless is more expensive than normal steel grade (e.g. Fe235) and further since inner doors are not susceptible to corrosion as they are not subjected to the aggressive marine environment.
  • the inventors unexpectedly found that by using a second plate or door leaf of stainless steel fracture resistance under air pressure load of the inner membrane door, in particular the second plate or door leaf, was increased substantially in case of fragment holes.
  • the second plate or door leaf is made of, austenitic stainless steel of the AISI 300 series which are weldable, possess the proper strength values and have the required large toughness.
  • This aspect of the invention is based on the insight that in particular a second plate or door leaf made of austenitic stainless steel provides increased explosions resistance while meanwhile being easy to integrate in an inner membrane door. It is in particular advantageous when the second plate or door leaf is made of austenitic stainless steels of the 300 series from AISI or S3xxxx series from ASTM/UNS.
  • the second plate or door leaf is made of, austenitic stainless steel, especially 316L low carbon, austenitic stainless steel.
  • the second plate or door leaf has a thickness of 4-5 mm.
  • the present invention is further based on the insight that for most kinds of explosions the fracture and explosion resistance of an inner membrane door for a marine vessel is adequate when the second plate or door leaf has a thickness of 4-5 mm.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an inner membrane door for a marine vessel known from EP-B- 1144783 in opened position;
  • Figs. 2 and 3 show a cross-section through a part of an inner membrane door for a marine vessel known from EP-B- 1144783 in closed position, elucidating the hook structure.
  • the construction of the inner membrane door for a marine vessel according to the invention is substantially identical, except for the fact that according to the invention the second plate or door leaf 45 is made of stainless steel.
  • stainless steel for an inner door of a marine vessel is not an obvious choice in particular since stainless is more expensive than normal steel grade (e.g. Fe235) and further since inner doors are not susceptible to corrosion.
  • the second plate or door leaf is made low carbon, austenitic stainless steel, especially 316L low carbon, austenitic stainless steel. With such a second plate or door leaf explosion resistance in particular fracture resistance of the inner membrane door can be increased
  • the chemical compositions of 300 series from AISI or S3xxxx series from ASTM/UNS steels, and in particular 316L are generally known in the technical field.
  • the second plate or door leaf 45 has a thickness of 4-5 mm. For most kinds of explosions such a thickness provides adequate fracture and explosion resistance to an inner membrane door for a marine vessel.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Inner explosion resistant membrane door for a marine vessel An inner membrane door (31) for a marine vessel comprises a first plate (32) with an opening (34) enclosed by a peripheral edge; a door connected to this first plate by a hinge construction; the door sealingly co-acting with said peripheral edge (33). The peripheral edge comprises a plate part (51) having a wave shape with at least one wave. The door (37) comprising a second plate or door leaf (45) of stainless steel, in particular of 316L, which second plate or door leaf is received in a framework (46) which co-acts sealingly with the peripheral edge in a closed position. The peripheral edge is deformable under the influence of an air pressure load acting on the membrane door in the closed position such that at least the door can be pressed out of the main plane it occupies when at rest while maintaining the co-action between the framework and the peripheral edge, and while providing mechanical integrity and fracture resistance to the inner membrane door for a marine vessel

Description

Inner explosion resistant membrane door for a marine vessel
The invention relates to an inner explosion resistant membrane door for a marine vessel according to the preamble of claim 1.
Such an inner membrane door for a marine vessel is known from EP-B- 1144783 and is depicted in Figures 1, 2 and 3. In Figure 1 the known inner membrane door 31 is shown comprising a first plate 32 serving as fixed frame with an opening 34 enclosed by a peripheral edge 33. A door 37 is connected pivotally to this first plate 32 by two hinges 35, 36 such that with its peripheral zone 38 the door 37 can co-act sealingly with said peripheral edge 33. The first plate 32 carries a number of peripherally arranged clamps 39, which clamps 39 are simultaneously rotatable by a collective operating mechanism 40 with an operating handle 41 and through rotation can co-act with the peripheral surfaces 42 of corresponding non round continuous holes 43 in door 37. For each clamp 39 the peripheral surfaces 42 can have a contact surface 44 inclining relative to the main plane of the inner membrane door 31 in the closed situation, which continuous holes 43 have a form such that a clamp 39 can pass
therethrough. The door 37 of the known inner membrane door for a marine vessel further comprises a second plate or door leaf 45 made of steel which is received in a framework 46, which framework co-acts with the peripheral edge 33 in the closed situation of the inner membrane door 31. The clamps 39 are arranged on rotation shafts 47. Continuous holes 43 in door 37 are correspondingly formed slotted holes. The peripheral edge 33 is deformable under the influence of an air pressure load acting on the inner membrane door in the closed position such that the whole inner membrane door consisting of both the first plate with the peripheral edge and the door can be pressed out of the main plane it occupies when at rest. By means of handle 41 the rotation shaft 47 of each clamp can be rotated via
transmission arms 50 between a closing position and a free position, this via a system of mutually coupled rods generally designated 49. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the peripheral edge 33 comprises a relatively thin (6-9 mm), sheet-metal strip 51 having the general shape of a wave, with at least one wave. Strip 51 extends wholly around door opening 34 and is welded to the first plate 32 and the remaining part 52 of peripheral edge 33. Figures 2 and 3 shows the situation in which the door 45, 46 is placed in closed position and depicts hooking means present on respectively the peripheral edge 33 and the door 37, which hooking means only enter into hooking co action when a certain minimal deformation of the inner membrane door 31 in closed position is exceeded as a result of a pressure load acting thereon. The hooking means comprise prismatic beams 57, 58 respectively forming part of respectively the peripheral edge and framework 46. These beams have undercut surfaces 59, 60 respectively directed toward each other which, in the case of the described substantial deformation under the influence of an air pressure load, can enter into hooking co-action with each other. This known inner membrane door for a marine vessel meets high standards of resistance to explosion.
It is an object of the invention relative to this prior art to provide an inner membrane door for a marine vessel which meets the higher standards of explosion resistance.
This object is achieved with an inner membrane door for a marine vessel having the characterizing features of claim 1. The invention is for one part based on the insight that the explosion resistance of the inner membrane door for a marine vessel can be improved if fracture resistance of the inner membrane door for a marine vessel is increased in case of combined blast loading and fragment perforations. The invention is in particular based on the insight that in case an exploding warhead, shell or bomb explodes in a inner compartment of a marine vessel closed by an inner membrane door fragments of the exploding warhead reach the inner membrane door before significant deformation of the door occurs due to the pressure load and these fragments can penetrate the inner membrane door forming holes therein. Thereafter the pressure load of the explosion causes significant deformation of the inner membrane door and, fractures or cracks can be created or propagate in the inner membrane door starting from the holes formed by the fragments, which fractures can strongly decrease the explosion resistance of the inner membrane door as (part of the) door leaf 45 can be blown open. The invention is for the other part based on the insight that in case the second plate or door leaf is made of stainless steel this fracture creation or growth can be strongly reduced. Please note, that using stainless steel for an inner door of a marine vessel is not an obvious choice in particular since stainless is more expensive than normal steel grade (e.g. Fe235) and further since inner doors are not susceptible to corrosion as they are not subjected to the aggressive marine environment. However, after numerous studies and experiments the inventors unexpectedly found that by using a second plate or door leaf of stainless steel fracture resistance under air pressure load of the inner membrane door, in particular the second plate or door leaf, was increased substantially in case of fragment holes.
In an embodiment of an inner membrane door for a marine vessel according to the invention the second plate or door leaf is made of, austenitic stainless steel of the AISI 300 series which are weldable, possess the proper strength values and have the required large toughness. This aspect of the invention is based on the insight that in particular a second plate or door leaf made of austenitic stainless steel provides increased explosions resistance while meanwhile being easy to integrate in an inner membrane door. It is in particular advantageous when the second plate or door leaf is made of austenitic stainless steels of the 300 series from AISI or S3xxxx series from ASTM/UNS. Preferably, the second plate or door leaf is made of, austenitic stainless steel, especially 316L low carbon, austenitic stainless steel.
In a still further embodiment of an inner membrane door for a marine vessel according to the invention the second plate or door leaf has a thickness of 4-5 mm. This is in contrast to EP-B- 1144783 which teaches that the second plate or door leaf requires a thickness of a maximum of 3 mm, the present invention is further based on the insight that for most kinds of explosions the fracture and explosion resistance of an inner membrane door for a marine vessel is adequate when the second plate or door leaf has a thickness of 4-5 mm.
The invention has been described above with reference to an inner membrane door for a marine vessel known from EP-B- 1144783, which known inner membrane door for a marine vessel is shown in the Figures. In the drawing:
Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an inner membrane door for a marine vessel known from EP-B- 1144783 in opened position; and
Figs. 2 and 3 show a cross-section through a part of an inner membrane door for a marine vessel known from EP-B- 1144783 in closed position, elucidating the hook structure.
When compared to the inner membrane door for a marine vessel known from known EP-B- 1144783 the construction of the inner membrane door for a marine vessel according to the invention is substantially identical, except for the fact that according to the invention the second plate or door leaf 45 is made of stainless steel. As discussed above using stainless steel for an inner door of a marine vessel is not an obvious choice in particular since stainless is more expensive than normal steel grade (e.g. Fe235) and further since inner doors are not susceptible to corrosion. However, after numerous studies and experiments the inventors unexpectedly found that by using a second plate or door leaf 45 of stainless steel, preferably weldable, austenitic stainless steel, in particular austenitic stainless steels of the 300 series from AISI or S3xxxx series from ASTM/UNS explosion resistance in particular fracture resistance of the inner door structure can be increased
substantially. Preferably , the second plate or door leaf is made low carbon, austenitic stainless steel, especially 316L low carbon, austenitic stainless steel. With such a second plate or door leaf explosion resistance in particular fracture resistance of the inner membrane door can be increased
substantially. Please note that the chemical compositions of 300 series from AISI or S3xxxx series from ASTM/UNS steels, and in particular 316L are generally known in the technical field. In particular the second plate or door leaf 45 has a thickness of 4-5 mm. For most kinds of explosions such a thickness provides adequate fracture and explosion resistance to an inner membrane door for a marine vessel.

Claims

Claims
1. Inner explosion resistant membrane cloor (31) for a marine vessel, comprising:
a fixed frame comprising a first plate (32) with an opening (34) enclosed by a peripheral edge (33);
a door (37) connected pivotally to said first plate (32) by at least one hinge construction (35, 36) such that with its peripheral zone (38) the door (37) sealingly co-acts with said peripheral edge (33), said peripheral edge (33) comprising a plate part (51) having a wave shape with at least one wave;
said door (37) comprising a second plate or door leaf (45) of steel which is received in a framework (46) which co-acts sealingly with the peripheral edge (33) in a closed position;
said first plate (32) carrying a number of peripherally arranged clamps (39) arranged on rotation shafts (47),
which clamps (39) are simultaneously rotatable by a collective operating mechanism (40) with an operating handle (41) and through rotation can co act with the peripheral surfaces (42) of corresponding non-round through holes (43) in the door (37);
said peripheral edge (33) being deformable under the influence of a predetermined pressure load on the inner membrane door (31) in the closed position such that at least the door (37) can be pressed out of the main plane it occupies when at rest while maintaining the co-action between the framework (46) and the peripheral edge (33) and the mechanical integrity of the membrane door (31), characterized in that the second plate or door leaf (45 ) is made of stainless steel.
2. Inner membrane door (31) for a marine vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the second plate or door leaf (45) is made of i austenitic stainless steels of the 300 series from AISI or S3xxxx series from ASTM/UNS.
3. Inner membrane door (31) for a marine vessel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second plate or door leaf (45) is made of weldable, austenitic stainless steel.
4. Inner membrane door (31) for a marine vessel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second plate or door leaf (45) is made 316L low carbon, austenitic stainless steel.
5. Inner membrane door (31) for a marine vessel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second plate or door leaf (45) has a thickness of 4-5 mm.
EP18774159.0A 2018-07-31 2018-07-31 Inner explosion resistant membrane door for a marine vessel Pending EP3829971A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NL2018/050528 WO2020027651A1 (en) 2018-07-31 2018-07-31 Inner explosion resistant membrane door for a marine vessel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3829971A1 true EP3829971A1 (en) 2021-06-09

Family

ID=63683270

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18774159.0A Pending EP3829971A1 (en) 2018-07-31 2018-07-31 Inner explosion resistant membrane door for a marine vessel

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3829971A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2018435214B2 (en)
CA (1) CA3106345A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2020027651A1 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB489904A (en) * 1937-09-21 1938-08-05 Joseph John Mascuch Improvements in bulkhead doors and hatch covers

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2060608A (en) * 1934-08-21 1936-11-10 Budd Edward G Mfg Co Door construction
US2156635A (en) * 1935-01-17 1939-05-02 Breeze Corp Bulkhead door
NL1010945C2 (en) * 1999-01-04 2000-07-06 Groeneveld H D Beheer Door structure.
KR20140001424A (en) * 2012-06-27 2014-01-07 현대중공업 주식회사 The safety cabin door for protecting crew from pirates

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB489904A (en) * 1937-09-21 1938-08-05 Joseph John Mascuch Improvements in bulkhead doors and hatch covers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA3106345A1 (en) 2020-02-06
AU2018435214A1 (en) 2021-03-18
WO2020027651A1 (en) 2020-02-06
AU2018435214B2 (en) 2025-01-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Wierzbicki Petalling of plates under explosive and impact loading
Hoar Stress-corrosion cracking
Lakshminarayanan et al. Assessment of fatigue life and crack growth resistance of friction stir welded AISI 409M ferritic stainless steel joints
AU2018435214B2 (en) Inner explosion resistant membrane door for a marine vessel
Beachem Electron fractographic studies of mechanical fracture processes in metals
EP1144783B1 (en) Door structure
TWI862479B (en) Inner explosion resistant membrane door for a marine vessel
Iaiani et al. Projectile perforation models for the vulnerability assessment of atmospheric storage tanks
KR101164285B1 (en) Safety valve for sealed cells
US20090064387A1 (en) Method for making a protective garment and resulting protective garment
US6260304B1 (en) Door structure
Tsybailo et al. Use of electrolytic hydrogenation to visualize the damage of long-term operated heat-resistant steel of TPP steam pipelines
Bhattacharyya et al. The origin of microtwinning at low strains during low-cycle fatigue of Inconel 718 at room temperature
US4486271A (en) Coke oven door having a laminated sealing strip
Sitorus Konsep Freies Ermessen Dalam Akuntabilitas Administrasi Dan Hukum Atas Keputusan Administrasi Pejabat Pemerintahan
Feng et al. Malfunction and failure analysis investigations of C26000 (Cu-30% Zn) brass cartridge cases
Titelius " Free the refugees"-palm Sunday rally Perth
KR20140001424A (en) The safety cabin door for protecting crew from pirates
Ohishi et al. Development of High Fatigue Strength Maraging Steel for CVT Belt
Ifezue et al. Failure Investigation of a gate valve eye bolt fracture during hydrotesting
Strang et al. Prediction of the long-term creep rupture properties of 9-12% Cr power plant steels.
Khan Countering Terrorism. Martha Crenshaw and Gary LaFree. Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press, 2017, 288.
Wang et al. Fracture failure analysis of flameproof enclosure of hydraulic pump regulator
Ogawa et al. Superplasticity and post-SPF properties of SP-700
AU2008100654A4 (en) Explosion-proof enclosure design with extreme overpressure capability

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20210129

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20230405

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230522

APBN Date of receipt of notice of appeal recorded

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNNOA2E

APAV Appeal reference deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDREFNE

APAF Appeal reference modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSCREFNE

APBR Date of receipt of statement of grounds of appeal recorded

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNNOA3E

APAV Appeal reference deleted

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSDREFNE

APBT Appeal procedure closed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNNOA9E

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED