EP3828317A1 - Frame for galvanizing and method for protecting frames for galvanizing and use of such a frame - Google Patents
Frame for galvanizing and method for protecting frames for galvanizing and use of such a frame Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3828317A1 EP3828317A1 EP20000270.7A EP20000270A EP3828317A1 EP 3828317 A1 EP3828317 A1 EP 3828317A1 EP 20000270 A EP20000270 A EP 20000270A EP 3828317 A1 EP3828317 A1 EP 3828317A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- protective layer
- frame
- layer
- pvc
- marker
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 title 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001780 ECTFE Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;molecular fluorine Chemical compound C.FF QLOAVXSYZAJECW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002397 thermoplastic olefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/06—Suspending or supporting devices for articles to be coated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
- B05D5/083—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/50—Multilayers
- B05D7/52—Two layers
- B05D7/54—No clear coat specified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/06—Suspending or supporting devices for articles to be coated
- C25D17/08—Supporting racks, i.e. not for suspending
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
- B05D1/22—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping using fluidised-bed technique
- B05D1/24—Applying particulate materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2451/00—Type of carrier, type of coating (Multilayers)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rack for electroplating and a method for protecting racks for electroplating and a use of such a rack.
- the invention relates to a frame for electroplating with a base body which is surrounded by a PVC layer.
- racks are used for the electroplating of plastics and metals and consist of a frame head for attaching the frame made of brass or other materials.
- a blind frame is provided in the edge area to protect the high current density area and in the bottom area there is insulation, which is usually made of PVC in various colors to protect the metal from acid attack during electroplating.
- the invention is based on the object of further developing such a frame, to present a method for protecting frames and a use of such frames.
- the invention is achieved with a frame for electroplating with a base body which is surrounded by a PVC layer, in which a protective layer is applied to the PVC layer.
- the protective layer prevents the frame from being metallized and thus favors the galvanization of the treated products.
- the protective layer closes microcracks and pores on the PVC-coated frames that can arise during the manufacture of the frames.
- the racks according to the invention are particularly suitable for chromium-free pretreatment using alternative oxidizing agents such as.
- B. Manganese compounds and strong acids In particular, it prevents palladium and other metals such as iridium from the platinum group, which have a catalytic character, from the pretreatment in a still cracked and porous frame insulation made of PVC, which is favored by the aggressive pickling processes during the galvanization of plastics, and in the PVC Insulation is absorbed.
- the base body is made essentially from metal.
- the main focus here is the frame, which can be made of aluminum, brass, iron or other metals.
- the protective layer has a fluorocarbon. Since in fluoropolymers the fluorine atoms with their larger volume are much larger than the hydrogen atoms, they form a dense and protective shell around the carbon chain and thus provide highly effective protection against chemical attack. The very stable bond between the carbon atoms and the fluorine atoms also results in high thermal and chemical stability both at particularly high and at particularly low temperatures.
- the protective layer have polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or a modified PTFE (TFM ⁇ ) from Dyneon.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- TFM ⁇ modified PTFE
- the chain length of PTFE is shortened by adding a small amount of oxygen, and cross-linking of the molecular chains is also increased. This increases the resilience to compressive and tensile loads.
- the protective layer can also have perfluoroalkoxy (PFA), which has approximately the same properties as PTFE. The shorter chain length, which is due to the incorporated oxygen atom, results in a lower melt viscosity. Perfluoroalkoxy can therefore be sprayed.
- PCTFE polytrifluoretylene
- PFA polyvinylidene fluoride
- ECTFE Ethylene-chlorotrifluoretylene copolymer
- a copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) enables molded parts to be manufactured using injection molding. Good results have also been achieved with polyether ketones (PEEK) and / or polyoxymethylene (POM).
- the materials described can be used alternatively or cumulatively, depending on the coating technology.
- the protective layer is usually transparent. This results in the frame being the color of the PVC layer.
- the protective layer can, however, also be opaque.
- a marker be applied to the PVC layer under the protective layer, which should function as an early warning system. As long as this marker can be seen, it is protected by the protective layer. However, if the protective layer has been removed, then first the marker in between and then the PVC layer underneath is attacked during the pickling process. The material of the marker is chosen so that the marker is attacked by the stain used before or when the PVC layer is attacked. If the marker can no longer be seen, then the person skilled in the art knows that the PVC layer is already being attacked or at least is no longer adequately protected by the protective layer, which in turn promotes cracks and porosity in the PVC, with which the frame is used as insulation is coated. It is then time to replace or recoat the frame.
- the marker is not always visible. It is therefore suggested that the marker be invisible to light in the range between 750 nm and 400 nm. So you can't see the marker in natural light.
- a special light source such as UV light or IR light with a certain wavelength range
- a person skilled in the art can tell whether the marker is still visible, has already been removed from the stain or has only been attacked. From this, the person skilled in the art can determine whether the PVC layer has already been attacked or whether the protective layer is still completely intact.
- the object on which the invention is based is achieved with a method for protecting frames for electroplating, in which a PVC layer is applied to the base body of the frame and a protective layer is applied to the PVC layer.
- the aforementioned materials are particularly suitable as a protective layer.
- the protective layer is applied to the PVC layer, which is still soft. This creates a particularly intimate connection between the PVC layer and the protective layer.
- the protective layer can be applied as a powder.
- a powder swirling process is particularly suitable here.
- the protective layer can also be applied in liquid form.
- the protective layer is burned in.
- a baking process at temperatures of, for example, 100 ° C to 300 ° C or for PVDF of around 200 ° C is suitable.
- a marker can be applied between the PVC layer and the protective layer, which is only visible with light in a certain defined wavelength range outside of visible light. This means that the specialist can make the marker visible with a lamp with a special lamp that is matched to the marker, provided that it has not yet been washed off by the stain because the protective layer no longer fulfills its function.
- Such racks are particularly suitable for electroplating plastics, but they can also be used for standard electroplating in order to increase the service life.
- the frame 1 shown has a base body 2, which is also referred to as a frame frame and is made of aluminum, brass, iron or other materials.
- the rack head 3 is located above it, and contacts 4 made of stainless steel are provided on the rack frame for the power transmission of the components for coating.
- a blind frame 5 is used to protect the area with a high current density and the insulation 6 is usually made of PVC in various colors to protect the metal from acid attack during electroplating.
- the Figure 1 shows a cross section through the base body 2, which is surrounded by a PVC layer 7.
- a protective layer 8 made of PVDF is applied around the PVC layer 7.
- a marker 9 is applied to the PVC layer 7 at least at some points or at a certain point. In the exemplary embodiment, this marker 9 is only visible when a UV light 10 from a UV lamp 11 reaches the marker 9 through the protective layer 8.
- the chemical agents of the stain can remove the protective layer 8.
- the PVC layer 7 can then be attacked.
- the marker 9 applied to the PVC layer 7 can also be attacked.
- the marker is attacked first when the protective layer 8 no longer fulfills its protective function. As a result, a lack of the marker or an attacked marker indicates that the PVC layer 7 is at least in danger of being attacked and roughened by the pickling process.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Ein Gestell für die Galvanisierung mit einem Grundkörper, der mit einer PVC-Schicht umgeben ist, weist eine Schutzschicht auf, die auf die PVC-Schicht aufgebracht ist. Dadurch wird die PVC-Schicht geschützt. Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Schutzschicht einen Fluorkohlenstoff aufweist und eingebrannt ist.A frame for electroplating with a base body that is surrounded by a PVC layer has a protective layer that is applied to the PVC layer. This will protect the PVC layer. It is advantageous if the protective layer has a fluorocarbon and is burned in.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Gestell für die Galvanisierung und ein Verfahren zum Schützen von Gestellen für die Galvanisierung sowie eine Verwendung eines derartigen Gestells.The invention relates to a rack for electroplating and a method for protecting racks for electroplating and a use of such a rack.
Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung ein Gestell für die Galvanisierung mit einem Grundkörper, der mit einer PVC-Schicht umgeben ist. Derartige Gestelle werden für die Galvanisierung von Kunststoffen und Metallen verwendet und bestehen aus einem Gestellkopf zum Anhängen des Gestells aus Messing oder anderen Materialien. Darunter befindet sich ein Gestellrahmen aus Aluminium, Messing, Eisen oder anderen Materialien. Am Gestellrahmen befinden sich Kontakte aus Edelstahl für die Stromübertragung der Bauteile zur Beschichtung. Im Randbereich ist ein Abblendrahmen zum Schutz des hohen Stromdichtebereichs vorgesehen und im Bodenbereich befindet sich eine Isolierung, die meist aus PVC in diversen Farben zum Schutz des Metalls vor Säureangriff beim Galvanisieren hergestellt ist.In particular, the invention relates to a frame for electroplating with a base body which is surrounded by a PVC layer. Such racks are used for the electroplating of plastics and metals and consist of a frame head for attaching the frame made of brass or other materials. Underneath there is a frame made of aluminum, brass, iron or other materials. On the frame there are contacts made of stainless steel for the power transmission of the components for coating. A blind frame is provided in the edge area to protect the high current density area and in the bottom area there is insulation, which is usually made of PVC in various colors to protect the metal from acid attack during electroplating.
Je nach Verwendung unterschiedlicher Beizen oder unterschiedlicher Vorbehandlungsprozesse besteht die Gefahr, dass die Beizen oder katalytisch wirkenden Substanzen in die PVC-Gestellisolierung eindringen. Eine Absorption von Stoffen aus dem Vorbehandlungsprozess im PVC-Überzug des Gestells bindet einerseits notwendige Bestandteile der Beizen am Gestell und kann andererseits die Schutzfunktion des PVC-Überzugs beeinträchtigen.Depending on the use of different stains or different pretreatment processes, there is a risk that the stains or catalytically active substances will penetrate the PVC frame insulation. An absorption of substances from the pretreatment process in the PVC coating of the frame binds the necessary components of the stain to the frame and can impair the protective function of the PVC coating.
Die
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein derartiges Gestell weiter zu entwickeln, ein Verfahren zum Schützen von Gestellen und eine Verwendung derartiger Gestelle vorzustellen.The invention is based on the object of further developing such a frame, to present a method for protecting frames and a use of such frames.
Vorrichtungsmäßig wird die Erfindung mit einem Gestell für die Galvanisierung mit einem Grundkörper, der mit einer PVC-Schicht umgeben ist, gelöst, bei dem auf die PVC-Schicht eine Schutzschicht aufgebracht ist.In terms of device, the invention is achieved with a frame for electroplating with a base body which is surrounded by a PVC layer, in which a protective layer is applied to the PVC layer.
Dadurch entsteht eine Multilayerisolierung mit einem besonders hydrophoben Charakter. Durch das Verschließen von Mikro-und Makrorissen in der PVC-Schicht wird eine Absorptionssperre für katalytisch wirkende Medien erreicht. Eine Inhibition dient der Vermeidung des Angriffs auf die PVC-Schicht. Dadurch wird vor allem die Beeinträchtigung des Gestells durch neuartige chromfreie Beizen reduziert und eine Metallisierung dieses Gestelles verhindert.This creates a multilayer insulation with a particularly hydrophobic character. By closing micro and macro cracks in the PVC layer, an absorption barrier for catalytically active media is achieved. An inhibition serves to avoid attack on the PVC layer. Above all, this reduces the impairment of the frame caused by new chromium-free stains and prevents the frame from being metallized.
Die Schutzschicht verhindert eine Metallisierung des Gestells und begünstigt somit die Galvanisierung der behandelten Produkte.The protective layer prevents the frame from being metallized and thus favors the galvanization of the treated products.
Die Schutzschicht verschließt Mikrorisse und Poren an den PVC-ummantelten Gestellen, die bei der Fertigung der Gestelle entstehen können. Dadurch eignen sich die erfindungsgemäßen Gestelle vor allem für eine chromfreie Vorbehandlung unter Verwendung von alternativen Oxidationsmitteln wie z. B. Manganverbindungen und starken Säuren. Insbesondere wird verhindert, dass bei der Galvanisierung von Kunststoffen durch die aggressiven Beizprozesse begünstigt Palladium und andere Metalle wie beispielsweise Iridium aus der Platingruppe, die einen katalytischen Charakter aufweisen, von der Vorbehandlung in eine noch rissige und porige Gestellisolierung aus PVC diffundiert und in der PVC-Isolierung absorbiert wird.The protective layer closes microcracks and pores on the PVC-coated frames that can arise during the manufacture of the frames. As a result, the racks according to the invention are particularly suitable for chromium-free pretreatment using alternative oxidizing agents such as. B. Manganese compounds and strong acids. In particular, it prevents palladium and other metals such as iridium from the platinum group, which have a catalytic character, from the pretreatment in a still cracked and porous frame insulation made of PVC, which is favored by the aggressive pickling processes during the galvanization of plastics, and in the PVC Insulation is absorbed.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Grundkörper im Wesentlichen aus Metall hergestellt ist. Hierbei geht es vor allem um den Gestellrahmen, der aus Aluminium, Messing, Eisen oder anderen Metallen hergestellt werden kann.It is advantageous if the base body is made essentially from metal. The main focus here is the frame, which can be made of aluminum, brass, iron or other metals.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Schutzschicht einen Fluorkohlenstoff aufweist. Da bei Fluorpolymeren die Fluoratome mit ihrem größeren Volumen gegenüber den Wasserstoffatomen wesentlich größer sind, bilden diese um die Kohlenstoffkette eine dichte und schützende Hülle und bewirken dadurch einen höchst wirksamen Schutz gegen chemische Angriffe. Die sehr stabile Bindung der Kohlenstoffatome mit den Fluoratomen bewirkt zudem eine hohe thermische und chemische Festigkeit sowohl bei besonders hohen als auch bei besonders tiefen Temperaturen.It is particularly advantageous if the protective layer has a fluorocarbon. Since in fluoropolymers the fluorine atoms with their larger volume are much larger than the hydrogen atoms, they form a dense and protective shell around the carbon chain and thus provide highly effective protection against chemical attack. The very stable bond between the carbon atoms and the fluorine atoms also results in high thermal and chemical stability both at particularly high and at particularly low temperatures.
Daher wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Schutzschicht Polyvinylidenfluorid (PVDF), Polytetrafluorethylen (PTFE) oder ein modifiziertes PTFE (TFM©) von Dyneon aufweist. Bei modifiziertem PTFE wird durch eine geringfügige Zuführung von Sauerstoff die Kettenlänge von PTFE verkürzt und auch eine Quervernetzung der Molekülketten vermehrt. Dadurch erhöht sich die Belastbarkeit auf Druck- und Zugbeanspruchungen. Die Schutzschicht kann jedoch auch Perfluor-Alkoxy (PFA) aufweisen, das annähernd die gleichen Eigenschaften wie PTFE aufweist. Durch die kürzere Kettenlänge, die durch das eingelagerte Sauerstoffatom bedingt ist, wird eine niedrigere Schmelzviskosität erzielt. Perfluor-Alkoxy ist daher spritzfähig.It is therefore proposed that the protective layer have polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or a modified PTFE (TFM © ) from Dyneon. In the case of modified PTFE, the chain length of PTFE is shortened by adding a small amount of oxygen, and cross-linking of the molecular chains is also increased. This increases the resilience to compressive and tensile loads. However, the protective layer can also have perfluoroalkoxy (PFA), which has approximately the same properties as PTFE. The shorter chain length, which is due to the incorporated oxygen atom, results in a lower melt viscosity. Perfluoroalkoxy can therefore be sprayed.
Weiterhin wird Polytrifluoretylen (PCTFE) vorgeschlagen, das ebenfalls spritzfähig ist und eine größere Härte als PTFE und PFA aufweist. Gute Ergebnisse wurden auch mit Polyvinylidenfluorid (PVDF) erzielt. Dieser Teilfluorierter Kohlenstoff besitzt eine sehr gute chemische Beständigkeit. Ethylen-Chlortrifluoretylen-Copolymer (ECTFE) sorgt für eine besonders porendichte und korrosionsbeständige Pulverbeschichtung. Ein Copolymerisat aus Ethylen und Tetrafluoräthylen (ETFE) ermöglicht die Herstellung von Formteilen im Spritzgussverfahren. Gute Ergebnisse wurden auch mit Polyetherketonen (Peek) und/oder Polyoxymethylen (POM) erzielt.Furthermore, polytrifluoretylene (PCTFE) is proposed, which can also be injected and has a greater hardness than PTFE and PFA. Good results have also been achieved with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). This partially fluorinated carbon has very good chemical resistance. Ethylene-chlorotrifluoretylene copolymer (ECTFE) ensures a particularly pore-tight and corrosion-resistant powder coating. A copolymer of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) enables molded parts to be manufactured using injection molding. Good results have also been achieved with polyether ketones (PEEK) and / or polyoxymethylene (POM).
Die beschriebenen Materialien können je nach Beschichtungstechnik alternativ oder kumulativ eingesetzt werden.The materials described can be used alternatively or cumulatively, depending on the coating technology.
Dabei ist die Schutzschicht in der Regel durchsichtig. Dies führt dazu, dass das Gestell die Farbe der PVC-Schicht hat. Die Schutzschicht kann aber auch undurchsichtig sein.The protective layer is usually transparent. This results in the frame being the color of the PVC layer. The protective layer can, however, also be opaque.
Um zu erkennen, ob die Schutzschicht noch dick genug ist oder bereits verbraucht ist, wird vorgeschlagen, dass auf die PVC-Schicht unter der Schutzschicht ein Marker aufgebracht ist, welcher als Frühwarnsystem funktionieren soll. Solange dieser Marker zu sehen ist, wird er von der Schutzschicht geschützt. Wenn die Schutzschicht aber abgetragen ist, dann wird beim Beizen zunächst der dazwischenliegende Marker und danach die darunter liegende PVC-Schicht angegriffen. Das Material des Markers ist so gewählt, dass der Marker durch die verwendete Beize angegriffen wird, bevor oder wenn die PVC-Schicht angegriffen wird. Wenn nun der Marker nicht mehr zu sehen ist, dann weiß der Fachmann, dass auch bereits die PVC-Schicht angegriffen wird oder zumindest durch die Schutzschicht nicht mehr ausreichend geschützt ist, was wiederum Rissigkeiten und Porosität vom PVC begünstigt, mit dem das Gestell als Isolierung beschichtet ist. Es ist dann an der Zeit, das Gestell auszutauschen oder neu zu beschichten.In order to recognize whether the protective layer is still thick enough or has already been used up, it is proposed that a marker be applied to the PVC layer under the protective layer, which should function as an early warning system. As long as this marker can be seen, it is protected by the protective layer. However, if the protective layer has been removed, then first the marker in between and then the PVC layer underneath is attacked during the pickling process. The material of the marker is chosen so that the marker is attacked by the stain used before or when the PVC layer is attacked. If the marker can no longer be seen, then the person skilled in the art knows that the PVC layer is already being attacked or at least is no longer adequately protected by the protective layer, which in turn promotes cracks and porosity in the PVC, with which the frame is used as insulation is coated. It is then time to replace or recoat the frame.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Marker nicht immer sichtbar ist. Daher wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Marker bei Licht im Bereich zwischen 750 nm und 400 nm unsichtbar ist. Somit sieht man den Marker bei natürlichem Licht nicht. Wenn das Gestell aber mit einer speziellen Lichtquelle, wie beispielsweise UV-Licht oder IR-Licht mit einem bestimmten Wellenlängenbereich, angestrahlt wird, dann erkennt der Fachmann, ob der Marker noch sichtbar ist, bereits von der Beize entfernt wurde oder nur angegriffen ist. Daraus kann der Fachmann ermitteln, ob die PVC-Schicht bereits angegriffen ist oder die Schutzschicht noch vollständig intakt ist.It is advantageous if the marker is not always visible. It is therefore suggested that the marker be invisible to light in the range between 750 nm and 400 nm. So you can't see the marker in natural light. However, if the frame is illuminated with a special light source, such as UV light or IR light with a certain wavelength range, then a person skilled in the art can tell whether the marker is still visible, has already been removed from the stain or has only been attacked. From this, the person skilled in the art can determine whether the PVC layer has already been attacked or whether the protective layer is still completely intact.
Verfahrensmäßig wird die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe mit einem Verfahren zum Schützen von Gestellen für die Galvanisierung gelöst, bei dem auf den Grundkörper des Gestells eine PVC-Schicht aufgebracht wird und auf die PVC-Schicht eine Schutzschicht aufgebracht wird.In terms of method, the object on which the invention is based is achieved with a method for protecting frames for electroplating, in which a PVC layer is applied to the base body of the frame and a protective layer is applied to the PVC layer.
Als Schutzschicht eignen sich vor allem die zuvor genannten Materialien.The aforementioned materials are particularly suitable as a protective layer.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Schutzschicht auf die noch weiche PVC-Schicht aufgebracht wird. Dadurch wird eine besonders innige Verbindung zwischen PVC-Schicht und Schutzschicht erreicht.It is particularly advantageous if the protective layer is applied to the PVC layer, which is still soft. This creates a particularly intimate connection between the PVC layer and the protective layer.
Die Schutzschicht kann als Pulver aufgebracht werden. Hierbei eignet sich besonders ein Pulververwirbelungsverfahren. Die Schutzschicht kann jedoch auch flüssig aufgebracht werden.The protective layer can be applied as a powder. A powder swirling process is particularly suitable here. However, the protective layer can also be applied in liquid form.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Schutzschicht eingebrannt wird. Je nach verwendetem Material eignet sich ein Einbrennvorgang bei Temperaturen von beispielsweise 100 °C bis 300 °C oder bei PVDF von etwa 200 °C.It is particularly advantageous if the protective layer is burned in. Depending on the material used, a baking process at temperatures of, for example, 100 ° C to 300 ° C or for PVDF of around 200 ° C is suitable.
Zur Bestimmung der Qualität der Schutzschicht kann zwischen die PVC-Schicht und die Schutzschicht ein Marker aufgebracht werden, der nur bei einem Licht in einem bestimmten definierten Wellenlängenbereich außerhalb des sichtbaren Lichts sichtbar ist. Dies führt dazu, dass der Fachmann mit einer Lampe mit einer speziellen Leuchte, die auf den Marker abgestimmt ist, den Marker sichtbar machen kann, sofern er noch nicht durch die Beize abgewaschen wurde, weil die Schutzschicht ihre Funktion nicht mehr erfüllt.To determine the quality of the protective layer, a marker can be applied between the PVC layer and the protective layer, which is only visible with light in a certain defined wavelength range outside of visible light. This means that the specialist can make the marker visible with a lamp with a special lamp that is matched to the marker, provided that it has not yet been washed off by the stain because the protective layer no longer fulfills its function.
Derartige Gestelle eignen sich vor allem für die Galvanisierung von Kunststoffen, Sie können aber auch bei der Standardgalvanisierung eingesetzt werden, um die Lebensdauer zu erhöhen.Such racks are particularly suitable for electroplating plastics, but they can also be used for standard electroplating in order to increase the service life.
Ein vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben.An advantageous embodiment is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail below.
Es zeigt
- Figur 1
- einen Querschnitt durch einen Teil eines Gestells und
Figur 2- ein Gestell für die Galvanisierung.
- Figure 1
- a cross section through part of a frame and
- Figure 2
- a rack for electroplating.
Das in
Die
Bei einem längeren Einsatz des Gestells 1 kann durch die chemischen Mittel der Beize die Schutzschicht 8 abgetragen werden. Dann ist die PVC-Schicht 7 angreifbar. In diesem Fall ist aber auch der auf der PVC-Schicht 7 aufgebrachte Marker 9 angreifbar. In der Praxis wird zuerst der Marker angegriffen, wenn die Schutzschicht 8 ihre Schutzfunktion nicht mehr erfüllt. Dadurch verweist ein Fehlen des Markers oder ein angegriffener Marker darauf, dass die PVC-Schicht 7 zumindest in Gefahr ist angegriffen und durch den Beizprozess aufgeraut zu werden.If the frame 1 is used for a longer period of time, the chemical agents of the stain can remove the
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019008181.1A DE102019008181A1 (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Rack for electroplating and method for protecting racks for electroplating and use of such a rack |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3828317A1 true EP3828317A1 (en) | 2021-06-02 |
| EP3828317C0 EP3828317C0 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
| EP3828317B1 EP3828317B1 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
Family
ID=71994275
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20000270.7A Active EP3828317B1 (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2020-07-31 | Use of a rack for electrodeposition on plastics |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3828317B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102019008181A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1945699A1 (en) | 1969-09-10 | 1971-04-08 | Bayer Ag | Use of fluorine-containing thermoplastic polyolefins as insulation in chemical metal deposition |
| US3592744A (en) | 1968-12-02 | 1971-07-13 | Macdermid Inc | Method of preventing rack plating in continuous plating cycle for nonconductive articles |
| JPH0610197A (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1994-01-18 | Rohm Co Ltd | Plating jig |
| EP3009528A1 (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-04-20 | Rohm and Haas Electronic Materials LLC | Metallization inhibitors for plastisol coated plating tools |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6187899A (en) * | 1984-10-05 | 1986-05-06 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Plating jig |
-
2019
- 2019-11-26 DE DE102019008181.1A patent/DE102019008181A1/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-07-31 EP EP20000270.7A patent/EP3828317B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3592744A (en) | 1968-12-02 | 1971-07-13 | Macdermid Inc | Method of preventing rack plating in continuous plating cycle for nonconductive articles |
| DE1945699A1 (en) | 1969-09-10 | 1971-04-08 | Bayer Ag | Use of fluorine-containing thermoplastic polyolefins as insulation in chemical metal deposition |
| JPH0610197A (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1994-01-18 | Rohm Co Ltd | Plating jig |
| EP3009528A1 (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2016-04-20 | Rohm and Haas Electronic Materials LLC | Metallization inhibitors for plastisol coated plating tools |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102019008181A1 (en) | 2021-05-27 |
| EP3828317C0 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
| EP3828317B1 (en) | 2023-12-06 |
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