EP3827271A1 - Prüfvorrichtung, verfahren und system zum prüfen eines mehrphasen-stufenschalters eines mehrphasen-transformators - Google Patents
Prüfvorrichtung, verfahren und system zum prüfen eines mehrphasen-stufenschalters eines mehrphasen-transformatorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3827271A1 EP3827271A1 EP19729546.2A EP19729546A EP3827271A1 EP 3827271 A1 EP3827271 A1 EP 3827271A1 EP 19729546 A EP19729546 A EP 19729546A EP 3827271 A1 EP3827271 A1 EP 3827271A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- multiphase
- phase
- transformer
- phases
- tap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/62—Testing of transformers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
- H01H2009/0061—Monitoring tap change switching devices
Definitions
- Test device method and system for testing a
- the invention is in the field of energy technology and relates in particular to methods, devices and systems for testing a multiphase tap changer of a multiphase transformer.
- Multi-phase transformers are usually used in energy supply networks to transfer electrical energy from one part of the energy supply network to another part for several phases of such an energy supply network and thereby convert the voltages and currents of one part of the energy supply network into voltages and currents for the other part of the energy supply network
- a transformer has a transformation ratio, which denotes the ratio between the electrical voltages on one side and on the other side of the transformer.
- the side of the transformer, in which the electrical voltage is higher, is usually referred to as the high-voltage side and the other side as the low-voltage side.
- a three-phase transformer can be connected with its high-voltage side to a three-phase extra-high voltage network for energy supply and convert these three phases of the extra-high voltage to a lower voltage on its undervoltage side - that is, transform - which in turn can be connected to a three-phase high-voltage network.
- the two sides of a transformer can also be called the primary side and the secondary side.
- the primary side designates that side of the transformer at which electrical energy is fed in, so that it can correspond in particular to the high-voltage side.
- To customize the A transformer can have a primary winding per phase, which is designed as a step winding with several taps, and a tap changer, which is set up to switch between these taps.
- a corresponding multiphase transformer has such primary windings designed as step windings correspondingly for each of its phases.
- a transformer test can determine the properties of a transformer, which may be necessary for the development of a transformer, to ensure its operational safety, to control it, to maintain it, to manage the product life cycles of such transformers, or for other reasons.
- Properties of such a transformer can be, in particular, its resistance, its transformation ratio or its inductance and / or in the case of a transformer with a tap changer, for example, the switching behavior of the tap changer.
- a transformer test To carry out a transformer test, it is usually connected to one or more test devices per phase and a test method is carried out, different configurations of the transformer, the test device and / or the electrical connections between them often being required for different properties.
- the invention has for its object to improve the testing of a multi-phase transformer with a multi-phase tap changer and in particular to simplify the testing, to make it more efficient or the significance of the test with respect to the individual phases and / or the switching behavior of the multi-phase tap changer to increase.
- the invention achieves the object in each case by a method for testing a multiphase tap changer of a multiphase transformer, by a test device for testing a multiphase tap changer of a multiphase Transformer and through a corresponding system depending on the teaching of one of the main claims.
- Advantageous embodiments, further developments and variants of the present invention are the subject of the subclaims in particular.
- a first aspect of the invention relates to a method for testing a multiphase tap changer of a multiphase transformer.
- a multi-phase transformer has a primary winding and a secondary winding for each of its phases and a leg made of magnetic material which extends through the primary and secondary windings.
- the primary windings are designed as step windings with at least one and a further tap, the multi-phase tap changer being set up to switch between the at least one and the further tap.
- the method comprises feeding a test signal for each phase of the multiphase transformer into the respective primary winding via the multiphase tap changer.
- the process always short-circuits the secondary winding of at least two phases.
- the multi-phase tap changer is actuated in order to simultaneously switch between the at least one tap and the further tap for the at least two of the phases.
- the multiphase step switch but in some advantageous variants also beforehand and / or subsequently - an electrical measurement variable with respect to the primary windings for the at least two of the phases is recorded.
- a “multi-phase transformer” is to be understood as a transformer for several phases, for which purpose it has a primary winding and a secondary winding for each phase.
- a leg made of magnetic material extends through the primary winding and the secondary winding, in particular to increase the magnetic flux density and thus specifically the coupling of the primary and the secondary winding.
- the legs on both sides of the primary and secondary windings are each connected by a common yoke in order to connect the source-free magnetic flux per leg via the other legs and the yoke on one side and the yoke on the other side of the primary and secondary windings one close magnetic circuit.
- the other legs serve as reflux legs for each leg.
- additional reflux legs can advantageously be saved and / or a slightly asymmetrical feed or a slight unbalanced load can be compensated for by the magnetic fluxes coupled to one another.
- a “multi-phase tap changer” is to be understood as meaning at least one tap changer which is designed for each of its phases to switch between at least two taps of the respective primary winding designed as a tap winding.
- the tap changer can be designed as an on-load tap changer for uninterrupted switching and / or have a load switch and a selector.
- the selector can enable a selection between different gear ratios by means of several circuits on several taps - for example three or more taps - while the load switch enables switching between two gear ratios selected via the selector without interruption.
- the tap changer or the load switch can also have two load resistors, in particular to dampen current peaks or voltage peaks when switching over and / or to enable switching from one gear ratio to another gear ratio with an intermediate state in which both gear ratios are selected via the load resistors.
- the resistances of the tap changer that occur when switching over and, if applicable, also the respective resistance for a transmission ratio are also referred to as transition resistances or as a (temporal) course of the transition resistance.
- a multi-phase tap changer is preferably set up to switch the individual phases synchronously with the other phases, at least when it is operating properly, as a result of which asymmetrical translations can be avoided.
- a multi-phase tap changer can also consist of several tap changers, each for one phase, which are preferably synchronized with one another in order to enable a corresponding synchronous switchover.
- this synchronicity - i.e. the synchronous switching - can be caused, for example, by the aging of such a multi-phase Tap changer and or due to mechanical or electrical tolerances deviate from the ideal.
- short-circuiting means at least the production of an electrically conductive path with a low resistance.
- the electrically conductive path can therefore establish an almost perfect electrical connection with respect to the winding of a transformer.
- the short-circuiting of this winding is almost perfect in particular if the resistance via the short-circuit is significantly less than the resistance of the winding, that is to say in particular by a factor of 7.20, 100 or 1000.
- the electrical current can also be measured along the short-circuit path - preferably by inductive and therefore resistance-free measurement - or the electrical voltage via the short-circuit path, in particular to determine the short-circuit resistance and / or the voltage drop across the short-circuit and thus the quality of the short-circuit.
- An advantage of the detection of the electrical measured variable of the primary windings for the at least two of the phases can be, in particular, that this measured variable can be recorded for these two phases at the same time, which in particular can reduce the time required to carry out a transformer test.
- the behavior of the switching can be determined at least for these two phases at the same time by detecting during the actuation of the multiphase step switch. This makes it possible to check whether the changeover actually takes place without interruption and / or how the gear ratios change during the changeover. It is also possible to measure the switching resistances or load resistances of the tap changer.
- An advantage of short-circuiting can in particular be that the short-circuited secondary windings counteract a change in the magnetic flux, as a result of which the coupling between the primary windings - in particular via the legs and the yokes - can be reduced and / or the primary windings of the at least two of the phases such as behave independent chokes, the inductance of which at least essentially corresponds to the leakage inductance - but not to the full inductance of the transformer or the respective leg.
- the measured variable to be recorded for at least substantially decouple one of the at least two of the phases from the detected electrical measurement variable of the other phase, as a result of which the changes in the measured variable due to the switching over of one phase can be distinguished from the changes in the other electrical measurement variable due to the switching over in the other phase.
- the reduced inductance also allows the switchover behavior to be better resolved via the electrical measured variable recorded in each case.
- the method furthermore has such a stamping of a direct current per phase into the respective primary winding before the short-circuiting of the secondary windings, so that when the short-circuiting occurs, the multiphase transformer is at least essentially stationary.
- a stationary multiphase transformer is at least to be understood to mean that it is in a stationary state and in particular the respective magnetic flux through the respective primary winding and the respective leg per phase is at least substantially constant.
- the magnetic material of the leg can be in magnetic saturation.
- the respective test signal in which a direct current is impressed per phase, can at least substantially correspond to the respectively impressed direct current.
- the multiphase transformer it is possible for the multiphase transformer to remain in a stationary or at least quasi-steady state when feeding in the test signal and when detecting the electrical measurement variable and / or short-circuiting the respective secondary windings, so that any changes in the electrical measurement variable are made - in particular targeted - Changes in the test signal and / or the actuation of the multi-phase step switch result.
- the method in which a direct current is impressed into the primary winding, has a detection of the electric current fed in for the injection or the electrical voltage applied across the respective primary winding during the injection.
- a criterion is that the multiphase transformer is at least essentially stationary, that the voltage value of a current source that feeds the electrical current has converged to a certain value and / or essentially no longer changes, that is is stationary.
- a corresponding criterion can be that the fed-in current has reached an at least substantially constant value.
- the current or the voltage can be applied over a predetermined period of time, which is chosen to be so large, for example based on empirical values, that the multiphase transformer is then stationary. In this advantageous manner, it can be ensured and / or checked whether the multiphase transformer is in a steady state.
- the respective test signal for each phase is a respective direct current with a predetermined current strength.
- the detected electrical measurement variable for each of the at least two of the phases is in each case the electrical voltage which is present across the respective primary winding and the multiphase step switch.
- the respective direct current can be fed in as a respective test signal from a current source, as a result of which the electrical voltage across the respective primary winding can be used as the detected electrical measurement variable.
- the power fed into the power source can be checked, in particular in conjunction with a voltage limitation, thus preventing the transformer from being destroyed during testing.
- the electrical voltage recorded as the measured electrical variable can also enable a resolution of the switchover behavior of the multiphase step switch that is particularly good compared to other measured variables, in particular making it possible to draw conclusions about its switching behavior and / or its components and their state.
- the method further comprises: determining the time profile of the electrical resistance of the respective primary winding on the basis of the respective current strength and electrical voltage, ie in particular Basis of the respectively predetermined current strength and the detected electrical voltage.
- some variants can have an output of the time profile of the electrical resistance for the at least two of the phases.
- An advantage of the electrical resistance can be, in particular, that it allows particularly good conclusions to be drawn about the components of the tap changer and the transformer. Outputting the time profile of the electrical resistance for the at least two of the phases can also make it possible to analyze the switching behavior and in particular the time behavior when switching, and in particular to compare the behavior with respect to these two phases.
- Some embodiments also have a determination of the time profile of the electrical measured variable detected in each case of the at least two phases.
- the properties of the multiphase transformer and / or the multiphase tap changer can be resolved as a function of the changeover process, so that in particular it can be determined how the transformer behaves during the changeover and / or how the transformation ratio and / or or changed the transmission of electrical energy.
- Some embodiments include determining a synchronicity of switching between the at least one tap and the further tap for the at least two of the phases on the basis of a comparison of the temporal profiles of the electrical measured variable for the at least two of the phases.
- the synchronicity when switching is determined by the multi-phase tap changer. It is advantageously not important that the switching by the multiphase step switch always takes place in absolute times or in relative times from the start of the test process. Rather, in this advantageous manner, the switching and its time sequence for the at least two of the phases can be determined relative to one another. This can be particularly advantageous if the multi-phase tap changer has different time sequences, for example due to mechanical tolerances or fluctuations.
- An advantage of this in cooperation with the short-circuiting of the secondary windings can in particular lie in the fact that the detected electrical measured variables are decoupled from one another with respect to the at least two of the phases and thus the behavior of the multiphase step switch when switching over with respect to one of the at least two of the phases compared to and / or can be resolved and / or differentiated relative to the other.
- a direct current with such a current strength is impressed for each primary winding, so that these direct currents correspond to an electrical current through the primary windings at a time when the multiphase transformer is operating symmetrically.
- the correspondence of the direct currents in symmetrical operation can be based on the absolute currents in real operation or, in some variants, can advantageously be designed such that the ratios of the currents correspond to real operation, but are absolutely smaller.
- a test carried out in this way is particularly comparable to a real operation of the multiphase transformer with the multiphase tap changer.
- the test signals are selected so that they correspond to an electrical current or an electrical voltage during symmetrical operation of the multiphase transformer.
- the multi-phase transformer is a three-phase power transformer with a corresponding three-phase tap changer educated.
- all three phases of a conventional energy supply network can be transformed into corresponding phases with a different current strength, a different voltage or a galvanic isolation for a further energy supply network, a consumer or a further part of the energy supply network.
- An advantage of the three-phase tap changer can be, in particular, that it can be used to adapt the gear ratios for all three phases, in particular synchronously, which enables an uninterrupted and / or symmetrical switching of the gear ratios for all phases.
- the multi-phase transformer is designed as a three-phase power transformer, that is to say as a three-phase transformer
- a direct current with a predetermined current strength is impressed into the three primary windings of the three-phase transformer.
- One of the direct currents has an opposite polarity to the other two direct currents, or its predetermined current intensity has an opposite sign.
- all three secondary windings of the three-phase transformer are short-circuited after the DC currents have been impressed and before the three-phase tap changer is actuated. In this advantageous manner, the direct currents can be impressed particularly quickly compared to differently selected polarities and / or a particularly high magnetic flux can be achieved.
- a core of the transformer that is to say in particular the legs made of magnetic material, can be magnetized particularly high or particularly quickly and can also be magnetically saturated.
- the magnetic fluxes in particular couple and support each other through the three legs of the three-phase transformer.
- One of the legs has a magnetic flux in a direction that corresponds to the polarity of the direct current through the primary winding from this leg, while the magnetic flux through the other two legs, the primary windings of which direct current of opposite polarity flows through, points in the opposite direction ,
- the shorting occurs for all secondary windings of the multi-phase transformer.
- the electrical measured variables for all phases can be recorded at the same time, these being decoupled from one another by short-circuiting.
- the testing of the multiphase transformer with the multiphase tap changer can be carried out particularly quickly and therefore efficiently.
- the secondary windings form the first pair of secondary windings from the at least two of the phases.
- the method is additionally carried out for at least a second pair of secondary windings. In this advantageous manner, the method can be carried out iteratively in pairs for further phases and accordingly for a second, and possibly a further pair of secondary windings.
- the method is carried out in pairs for secondary windings, the method is carried out in pairs for further pairs of secondary windings until a chain of overlapping pairs results, which comprises all secondary windings.
- a chain of overlapping pairs results, which comprises all secondary windings.
- An advantage of the paired design and the chain of overlapping pairs can be, in particular, that the timing behavior of the switching of the multiphase tap changer can also be determined if its behavior changes for several passes of the method, since in particular one of the secondary windings or In each case, a measured variable measured with respect to the primary winding assigned to the secondary winding can serve as a reference for the other, and so the behavior can first be determined in pairs relative to one another and the chain of overlapping pairs finally extends the relative assignment to all phases.
- the method can also be carried out instead of pairs with triples, quadruples, quintuples etc. of secondary windings.
- a second aspect of the invention relates to a system which comprises a multiphase transformer with a multiphase tap changer, a test device and Electrical connection means for releasably connecting the multi-phase transformer to the test device.
- the multiphase transformer has a primary winding and a secondary winding for each of its phases and a leg made of a magnetic material and extending through the primary and secondary windings.
- the primary windings are designed as step windings, each with at least one tap and a further tap.
- the multi-phase tap changer is set up to switch between the at least one and the further tap.
- This testing device is set up to carry out a method according to the first aspect of the invention and / or has corresponding features.
- the primary windings in cooperation with their respective legs, have a main inductance of at least 500 H (Henry), especially at least 1000 H.
- the short circuit across the respective secondary winding can also be designed such that the inductance is reduced.
- the reduction can have a factor of at least 10: 1, in particular 50: 1 and furthermore 100: 1, so that the inductance in the case of short-circuited secondary windings is reduced to approximately 50 H or less, in particular to less than 1 H, which in corresponds to some variants of a leakage inductance of the multiphase transformer or its primary windings.
- the primary windings have a DC resistance of at most 33 ohms, particularly less than 10 ohms, further less than about or exactly 1 ohm.
- the direct current can be 1 A (amper) or less, in particular less than or exactly 10 mA.
- the direct current can be selected such that it saturates a magnetic core of the multiphase transformer - in particular having the legs and yokes - when impressed.
- the multi-phase transformer can also be designed such that a direct current of less than 50 mA, in particular less than about 10 mA, saturates the magnetic core, in particular the legs, through the primary windings.
- An advantage of a direct current as a test signal and possibly for saturation can in particular lie in the fact that the power loss and in particular the electrical power in the short-circuited secondary windings can be reduced, which makes it possible to carry out the testing of the multi-stage switch without interruptions for cooling the multi-phase transformer , The energy requirement for carrying out the test can also be reduced in this way, which means that a more efficient method and / or a simplified test device which is therefore easier to manufacture / requires less resources can be achieved.
- a third aspect of the invention relates to a test device for testing a multiphase tap changer of a multiphase transformer.
- the multiphase transformer has a primary winding and a secondary winding as well as a leg made of a magnetic material for each of its phases, which extends through the primary winding and the secondary winding.
- the primary windings are designed as step windings with at least one and a further tap and the multi-phase tap changer is set up to switch between the at least one and the further tap.
- the testing device each has a test signal source for feeding a test signal into the respective primary winding and Primary connections for releasably connecting the respective test signal source to the respective primary winding and the respective part of the multi-phase tap changer at least for each phase of the multi-phase transformer and / or in total at least two of each.
- the test device has at least two switching means for short-circuiting each of the secondary windings of at least two of the phases of the multi-phase transformer and secondary connections for releasably connecting the at least two switching means to each of the secondary windings of the at least two of the phases.
- the test device has an actuating device for automatically actuating the multiphase step switch.
- the test device has a measuring device for detecting an electrical measurement variable with respect to the primary windings for the at least two of the phases or a corresponding measuring device for each phase.
- the switching means can be designed as automatically switchable relays or FETs; or alternatively as a manual switch.
- a low resistance in the switched state is advantageous here, in particular in order to short the secondary windings particularly effectively.
- An advantage of the switching means for short-circuiting and / or the actuating device can be, in particular, that the testing of the multiphase tap changer of the multiphase transformer can be carried out automatically.
- a fourth aspect of the invention relates to a test device for testing a multiphase tap changer of a multiphase transformer, which has a control device.
- the test device is set up for a method according to the first aspect of the invention, the control device being set up to control the execution of the method.
- the testing device is designed in some variants in accordance with the testing device of the third aspect of the invention.
- the testing device has separate measuring connections for the measuring device or the measuring devices, these being separated in particular from the respective test signal sources and their primary connections.
- the test signals and in particular electrical variables which result from the properties of the connecting means used in each case for connecting the primary connections to the primary windings, influence or falsify the detection of the electrical variables with respect to these primary windings.
- test signal sources are each designed as current sources.
- the test signal sources have a predetermined attenuation.
- the test signal sources designed as current sources have a certain, finite internal resistance.
- Methods, devices and systems according to embodiments and the following exemplary embodiments make it possible, in particular, to carry them out testing of multi-phase transformers with multi-phase tap changers and can make this more efficient, safer or more reliable.
- some embodiments and / or exemplary embodiments of the method can be carried out at least partially in an automated manner.
- a device or a system or a part thereof can be set up to automatically carry out process parts, or process parts can be carried out automatically by means of these devices, systems or parts thereof.
- “automatic” is at least to be understood to mean that a part of a method, in particular a method step or a process in the method, and / or a functionality of a device - in particular a test device - can be carried out without human intervention.
- Connections and couplings between functional units and elements shown in the figures can also be implemented as indirect connections or couplings.
- data connections can be wired or wireless, in particular as a radio connection.
- Certain connections, for example electrical connections, for example for energy supply, may also not be shown for the sake of clarity.
- a system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically.
- the system 1 has a test device 100, a multiphase transformer 200 with a multiphase step switch 260 and connecting means 300, 306 for releasably connecting the multiphase transformer 200 to the test device 100.
- the electrical connection means 300 can be designed as insulated cables.
- the connection means 306 for the tap changer can also be designed as an electrical connection means by means of which control signals are transferable between tester 100 and tap changer 260; alternatively or additionally, the connecting means 306 for the tap changer can also be designed as a mechanical or optical connection or not be present in other variants, in which case the tap changer 260 is actuated manually or by another device.
- the multi-phase transformer 200 is designed in some variants, as shown in FIG. 1, as a three-phase transformer - in particular as a power transformer in a star connection.
- the multiphase transformer 200 has a primary winding 21 1, 221, 231 and a secondary winding 212, 222, 232 for each of its phases, that is to say in particular for three phases.
- one leg 214 made of a magnetic material extends through the primary winding 21 1 and the secondary winding 212, correspondingly another leg 224 made of magnetic material extends through the primary winding 221 and through the secondary winding 222; finally, another leg 234 made of magnetic material extends through the primary winding 231 and through the secondary winding 232.
- the multiphase transformer 202 has yokes 240, 242 which magnetically connect the legs 214, 224, 234 to one another and thus in particular close the magnetic flux generated by the windings to form a magnetic circuit.
- legs 214, 224, 234 and yokes 240, 242 can be made of the same magnetic material, such as iron.
- the legs and / or the yokes can also only have the respective magnetic material and additionally consist of further materials.
- a magnetic core of the transformer can advantageously be formed from the legs and the yokes, this being built up from several layers of iron plates or sheets, which are each separated from one another by an electrical insulator, in particular in order to avoid eddy currents.
- the primary windings are each designed as step windings, the primary winding 214 having at least one tap 216 and a further tap 217 and correspondingly for further phases of the multi-phase Transformer 200 has the respective primary winding 221, 231 at least one tap 226, 236 and a further tap 227, 237.
- the multiphase tap changer 260 can advantageously be constructed from a plurality of single-phase tap changers 261, 262, 263, the multiphase tap changer 260 having a corresponding single-phase tap changer at least for each of its phases.
- the tap changer 261 has at least two load resistors 266, 267, which are electrically connected to the at least one tap 216 or to the further tap 217.
- the step switch 261 has a sliding contact, by means of which it is possible to switch between the two taps.
- the sliding contact can first be used to switch to an electrical connection with the tap 216 via the load resistor 266, and then a parallel electrical connection between the tap 216 and the tap can be made using the sliding contact 217 are each produced via the assigned load resistor 266 or 267 - as shown in FIG. 1 -, then the electrical connection is released from the tap 216 via the load resistor 266 and the tap changer 261 makes an electrical connection via the sliding contact and the load resistor 267 with the further tap 217 and finally the further tap 217 is contacted directly or the load resistor 267 is short-circuited via the sliding contact.
- the tap changer it can be operated so that it switches through the switching states just described.
- the further single-phase tap changers 262 and 263 can be designed corresponding to the tap changer 261.
- the test device 100 is designed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention and can in particular be set up to carry out a method for testing the multiphase transformer using the multiphase step switch.
- the secondary windings 212, 222, 232 can be connected to the test device 100 by means of electrical connecting means 300 - for example cables - and this is set up, at least two of the secondary windings 212, 222 or all secondary windings 212, 222, 232 short-circuit.
- the test device 100 is set up to record electrical measured variables, at least with respect to the primary windings 21 1, 221, in which the secondary windings 212, 222 are short-circuited.
- the test device 100 can be set up, into the primary windings 21 1, 221, 231 in each of the taps 216, 217 or 226, 227 or 236, 237 via the multi-phase tap changer 260 - in particular via the respective single-phase tap changer 261, 262, 263 - to feed a direct current with a predetermined current.
- the direct current can be fed in until it enters the multiphase transformer - i.e. into the primary windings, secondary windings and legs as well as yokes - and then the direct current is used as a test signal.
- test device 100 can be set up to detect the voltage which drops in each case via the tap changer 260 or 261, 262, 263 and the respective primary winding 21 1, 221, 231.
- FIG. 2 shows an output of the measured variables which have been measured with one embodiment when the method is carried out.
- the time is plotted along the abscissa in milliseconds and the ordinate is the electrical voltage recorded as an electrical measurement variable via the respective primary winding and the respective tap changer or the respective part of the multiphase tap changer.
- the synchronism of the switching of the multi-phase tap changer can be checked by the common representation of the time-dependent electrical voltages.
- the voltage curves shown show that - for this test object, i.e. for the multi-phase transformer with multi-phase tap changer checked in the measurement shown - the multi-phase tap changer for the second phase - symbolized by ⁇ Ph2> - switches to the load resistance somewhat earlier , when switching to the load resistors, the voltage increases by the amount that additionally drops across the load resistors.
- the subsequent drop in the voltages - for example at 25 ms - is due to the fact that in this switching state the two load resistors per phase are connected in parallel, that is to say they are contacted together by the tap changer, one load resistor on the at least one electrical tap and the other load resistor at the further tap is connected in each case.
- the subsequent increase in voltages results from the fact that in this time range the primary windings are electrically contacted at their further taps via the other load resistor, so that the entire current now flows through the other load resistor and a correspondingly higher voltage drops.
- the further tapping is directly electrically contacted - ie without the other load resistor.
- the voltage drops again accordingly, although in the illustration in FIG.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a measurement which corresponds to that from FIG. 2.
- current sources according to one embodiment which are used for impressing the direct current and for the test signal, have a lower damping, as a result of which oscillations during switching are shown, which superimpose the voltage changes caused by the switching. It can therefore be advantageous in some variants to use current sources which, in cooperation with the tap changer and the transformer, constitute a damped system and / or which have a finite internal resistance, in particular to enable better time resolution of the transition resistances.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a test device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the test device 100 has a test signal source 1 10, 1 12 and primary connections 130, 132 for two phases.
- the primary connections 130, 132 are set up by means of electrical connecting means to be electrically connected to the respective primary winding and to the corresponding part of the multiphase step switch, so that a test signal can be fed into the respective primary winding via the test signal source 1 10, 1 12.
- the test signal source 1 10, 1 12 can be designed as a current source in some variants.
- the test device 100 can also have further test signal sources and primary connections for further phases of a multiphase transformer and corresponding primary windings. A larger number of primary connections and test signal sources enables test signals to be fed into several or a plurality of primary windings, while a smaller number can make the test device more resource-efficient, cheaper and / or more efficient.
- the testing device 100 has a measuring device 180 for at least two phases or at least two measuring devices 180 each for one phase and corresponding measuring connections 138.
- these measuring connections 138 can advantageously be combined with and / or electrically connected to the primary connections 130, 132, in order in particular to enable a simple connection to the test object.
- the measuring connections 138 can also be electrically insulated from the primary connections 130, 132, as shown in FIG. 4, which in particular falsifies the measurements due to the electrical connections with finite resistance - which thus occurs when the impressing current or the Test signal itself cause a change in the detected electrical quantities - have avoided.
- test device 100 has at least two switching means 120, 122 and associated secondary connections 134, 136, which are set up, those secondary windings with which the switching means 120, 122 connect via the
- Secondary connections 134, 136 and corresponding electrical connection means are connected to short-circuit.
- the switching means 120, 122 can each have or be designed as an electromechanical relay, which enables automatic short-circuiting and / or a low resistance in the switched - that is, short-circuited state - which can be particularly advantageous for an automatic and thus efficient execution of a method according to an embodiment of the invention or for a high quality of the short circuit of the secondary windings and thus a particularly good decoupling of the primary windings.
- the testing device 100 has a larger number, i.e. can have more than two of them, in particular to enable a faster check.
- the test device can advantageously have three test signal sources, three measurement devices and three switching means, with which all phases of a three-phase transformer with three-phase step switch can be tested at the same time.
- the test device 100 has a control device 140, the control device being set up to control a method for testing a multi-phase transformer with a multi-phase step switch according to one embodiment.
- the control device 140 can be set up to control the further components of the test device 100 - in particular the test signal sources 110, 112, the switching means 120, 122 and the measuring device (s) 180 - in accordance with a time schedule for testing the multi-phase tap changer to read out and / or process the parameters, in particular measured variables.
- the system 1 from FIG. 1 can have a testing device which corresponds to the testing device with respect to FIG. 4.
- the multiphase transformer has a primary winding and a secondary winding for each of its phases, and a leg made of magnetic material which extends through the primary and secondary windings. They are also Primary windings are designed as step windings with at least one and a further tap and the multi-phase tap changer is set up to switch between the at least one and the further tap.
- method 400 has method steps 420, 422, 424, 426, 428, 430, 432, 434 and 436.
- Method 400 begins at method start 402 and ends at method end 404, wherein one or more method steps, in particular a sequence of method steps, and preferably the entire method can be carried out repeatedly.
- a test signal is fed into the respective primary winding for each phase via the multiphase step switch, which at least essentially corresponds to the impressed direct current.
- step 424 the secondary winding of at least two of the phases is short-circuited.
- the multi-phase tap changer is actuated after the short-circuiting in method step 224 in order to simultaneously switch between the at least one tap and the further tap for the at least two of the phases.
- an electrical measurement variable with respect to the primary windings is recorded for the at least two of the phases.
- the acquisition in some advantageous variants is started when the test signal is fed in according to method step 422 and the method continues during and also after the multi-phase step switch has been actuated.
- the electrical voltage in which an electrical current is fed in as a test signal, the electrical voltage can be determined via the respective Primary winding and the respective part of the tap changer drops, are recorded as an electrical measured variable.
- the time profile of the at least two of the electrical measured variables recorded in each case is determined, that is to say in particular the time profile from the feeding in of the test signal until after the actuation of the multiphase step switch.
- a temporal course of the electrical resistance of the respective primary windings and of the respective part of the tap changer for some variants is determined in method step 432, in which an electrical current is fed in as a test signal and an electrical voltage is recorded as a measured variable.
- a synchronism of the switch between the at least one tap and the further tap for the at least two of the phases is determined on the basis of a comparison of the time profiles of the electrical measured variables, in particular the determined electrical resistances, for the at least two of the phases.
- step 436 the time course of the measured variables acquired, in particular the time course of the electrical resistance, is output and / or the synchronicity determined by comparing these courses is shown.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ATA50653/2018A AT521563A1 (de) | 2018-07-26 | 2018-07-26 | Prüfvorrichtung, Verfahren und System zum Prüfen eines Mehrphasen-Stufenschalters eines Mehrphasen-Transformators |
PCT/EP2019/065207 WO2020020529A1 (de) | 2018-07-26 | 2019-06-11 | Prüfvorrichtung, verfahren und system zum prüfen eines mehrphasen-stufenschalters eines mehrphasen-transformators |
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EP3827271A1 true EP3827271A1 (de) | 2021-06-02 |
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EP19729546.2A Pending EP3827271A1 (de) | 2018-07-26 | 2019-06-11 | Prüfvorrichtung, verfahren und system zum prüfen eines mehrphasen-stufenschalters eines mehrphasen-transformators |
Country Status (3)
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EP (1) | EP3827271A1 (de) |
AT (1) | AT521563A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2020020529A1 (de) |
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CN112748371B (zh) * | 2020-12-18 | 2024-03-12 | 国网福建省电力有限公司检修分公司 | 变压器试验多测试项目的通用测试结构及逻辑控制方法 |
CN113391131B (zh) * | 2021-08-03 | 2022-07-15 | 山东双益电气有限责任公司 | 一种干式变压器分接绕组的电阻测试装置及方法 |
CN115078880B (zh) * | 2022-06-27 | 2024-04-12 | 国网湖北省电力有限公司鄂州供电公司 | 一种配电变压器的能效参数的自动测试方法 |
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US6580276B2 (en) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-06-17 | Abb Technology Ag | Tap switch for frequency response and partial discharge measurement |
KR101037323B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-05-26 | (주)엘레시스 | 탭 체인저의 건전성 평가 장치 및 방법 |
AT515960B1 (de) * | 2014-07-02 | 2016-08-15 | Omicron Electronics Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Prüfen eines Stufenschalters eines Transformators |
AT516005B1 (de) * | 2014-07-02 | 2016-11-15 | Omicron Electronics Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Prüfen eines Stufenschalters eines Transformators |
PL3213095T3 (pl) * | 2014-10-30 | 2021-12-06 | Omicron Electronics Gmbh | Urządzenie do testowania transformatora i sposób testowania transformatora |
CN107407705A (zh) * | 2015-01-13 | 2017-11-28 | 欧米克朗电子有限公司 | 变压器测试装置和变压器测试方法 |
EP3254127B1 (de) * | 2015-02-06 | 2021-11-24 | Omicron electronics GmbH | Transformatorprüfvorrichtung und verfahren zum prüfen eines dreiwicklungstransformators |
-
2018
- 2018-07-26 AT ATA50653/2018A patent/AT521563A1/de unknown
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2019
- 2019-06-11 WO PCT/EP2019/065207 patent/WO2020020529A1/de active Application Filing
- 2019-06-11 EP EP19729546.2A patent/EP3827271A1/de active Pending
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WO2020020529A1 (de) | 2020-01-30 |
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