EP3824283A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur zerstörungsfreien ermittlung lokaler mechanischer eigenschaften von bauteilen aus inhomogenen werkstoffen - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur zerstörungsfreien ermittlung lokaler mechanischer eigenschaften von bauteilen aus inhomogenen werkstoffenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3824283A1 EP3824283A1 EP19749227.5A EP19749227A EP3824283A1 EP 3824283 A1 EP3824283 A1 EP 3824283A1 EP 19749227 A EP19749227 A EP 19749227A EP 3824283 A1 EP3824283 A1 EP 3824283A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- deformation
- local
- determined
- mechanical properties
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0023—Bending
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/0202—Control of the test
- G01N2203/0212—Theories, calculations
- G01N2203/0216—Finite elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/0202—Control of the test
- G01N2203/0212—Theories, calculations
- G01N2203/0218—Calculations based on experimental data
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0252—Monoaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along a single axis of the specimen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0264—Beam
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/46—Wood
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for the non-destructive determination of local mechanical properties of a component, preferably an elongated component, made of inhomogeneous materials.
- Typical examples of components with pronounced anisotropic and at the same time inhomogeneous properties are those made from recycled plastics,
- the local mechanical properties of components made from such materials vary widely within the component. Local mechanical properties are understood to mean those that differ at different locations on the component, in particular with regard to their amount / value.
- Composition of the starting materials have a complex interaction on the mechanical properties of the material and thus also on the component made from it.
- the inhomogeneity of the properties results in high safety factors for component design with these materials.
- Applications with high quality requirements and corresponding price and sales potential are usually excluded.
- the mechanical properties of components made of fiber composite materials depend on the fiber distribution, the degree of wetting, the properties of the components, the thermal process control and many other factors.
- the use as a lightweight material places special demands on the methods of design and a stable quality control.
- the method of classic proof of strength in component design is only of limited suitability for lightweight construction with inhomogeneous materials.
- the invention is intended to improve quality assurance in the manufacture of components and semi-finished products, e.g. for lightweight applications. It is intended to enable reliable prediction of the deformation behavior and reliable strength monitoring.
- Lightweight applications is the monitoring of the manufacturing process.
- Homogeneity of the matrix and fiber orientation are determined using different technologies.
- the process-related imaging processes for example, control the orientation and number of fibers in the individual layers of a layered structure of the reinforcing fibers.
- the stable control of the cross-linking depends on the matrix material. Sensors are integrated into the infusion systems and / or tools, and pressure and temperature profiles are monitored. The properties of the laminate quality, such as pore content, fiber volume content, fiber alignment and undulation, cracks and other matrix inhomogeneities, are compared with the specifications for the respective component on component samples using various imaging methods.
- the deformation behavior of prototypes and sample components with measurement systems is determined on the basis of image correlation.
- wood or bamboo as an organic lightweight construction material or directly as a component, there is no monitoring of the manufacturing process. Nevertheless, the procedure for determining the mechanical properties of wood-based materials is comparable.
- the orientation and density distribution of the fiber structure are determined using X-ray systems or ultrasound methods. The result of this investigation is converted into a theoretical strength. Other important influencing factors in this evaluation are moisture and in particular the type of wood.
- the design of components made from these materials are based on the processes for metallic materials or have been derived from them.
- the basis is the principle of the reference voltage.
- the mechanical properties of a material are determined using standardized sample geometries. The mechanical properties determined in this way then become dependent on
- the determined comparison value is formed by the areas with low mechanical properties.
- the size determined in this way is then determined by factors that are larger than the sample
- the invention has the task of quality assurance in the manufacture of
- the invention also has the task of enabling a digitally simulated construction with real components.
- the invention is intended to allow components made of inhomogeneous materials or materials and / or with an inhomogeneous material / material distribution with regard to their mechanical
- Capture properties and more preferably integrate them into digitized manufacturing processes The determination of specific individual mechanical properties is preferably intended to enable these materials to be used in a load-compatible manner.
- Another object of the invention is preferably to reduce the reject rate in the production of components from fiber composite materials. It is also a task to reduce the safety coefficients, and thus to tap the potential of organic materials for lightweight applications.
- This object is achieved according to the invention in that the component is subjected to a mechanical load which deforms the component and the deformation of the component at a plurality of defined measuring points or
- Measuring sections is detected camera-based and the local deformation of the component is determined from the camera data and the local mechanical property is calculated from the local deformation.
- a measuring point is not only a point in the mathematical sense, but also a location on the component with a finite extension.
- a preferred development of the invention relates to a digital clone of inhomogeneous components / semi-finished products or workpieces that actually exist Materials or inhomogeneous material distribution.
- the digital clone represents the individual specific mechanical properties of the component as a model. It is the explicit representation of the result of an individual test of the mechanical properties of a real existing component, the
- the digital twin as an established state of the art is an image of a non-real one
- Properties reflect the material properties determined in analogy experiments, projected onto the respective component or semi-finished product geometry.
- the digital clone as a preferred embodiment of the invention is the digital image of a real component or semi-finished product. As a specific result of an individual test according to the invention, it does not exist without an equivalent in reality. It follows that there is an individual CAD file for each component or semi-finished product that represents the digital clone.
- the decisive innovation of this further training is the individual mapping of the inhomogeneities of the respective component or semi-finished product in an explicit digital model.
- the focus of the digital clone is on the digital or
- Make properties usable for constructions in a digital working environment e.g. when planning products using CAD.
- a component made of inhomogeneous material or inhomogeneous material distribution can preferably be positioned in the overall construction with the information from the digital clone in such a way that areas with particularly high mechanical
- the digital clone is preferably the representation of the results of a mechanical test in the form of an individual CAD file.
- a mechanical property is preferably understood to be one that characterizes the behavior of a component in relation to external stresses. Possible mechanical properties within the scope of the invention in terms of their local
- the bending strength the tensile strength, the compressive strength, the shear strength, the breaking strength, the modulus of elasticity, the shear modulus, the transverse contraction number.
- Such a device comprises a device for loading the component to be tested, e.g. by exerting force on the component at selected points, so that the component is deformed compared to the unloaded case.
- the device further comprises at least one camera with which
- different measuring points of the component preferably at least at several different spaced measuring points along its extent, preferably the longitudinal extent, the component deformed under the load, optionally also the originally unloaded component, optically, e.g. is captured photographically or videographically.
- the invention can preferably also provide for a number of cameras to be used simultaneously for the acquisition, which corresponds at least to the number of (fixed) measurement points to be acquired or also measurement ranges of the component.
- a number of cameras to be used simultaneously for the acquisition which corresponds at least to the number of (fixed) measurement points to be acquired or also measurement ranges of the component.
- Longitudinal extension preferably lined up equidistant.
- the at least one camera preferably has an alignment of its optical axis perpendicular to the component longitudinal extent, preferably also an alignment of the optical axis also perpendicular to the force exerted.
- the type of load can preferably depend on the component and / or on the mechanical tested
- Property in the facility can be selected differently, or different facilities are selected for this.
- the mechanical load on the component to be tested takes place entirely in the area of the elastic deformation. Damage to the component or semi-finished product is excluded in this way.
- the form of the mechanical load is preferably based on the load to be expected when using or using the component or semi-finished product. The requirement for a purely elastic deformation leads to comparatively small test loads and
- Loads can be realized in different ways. Examples are the 3-point or 4-point load, an example of which is also described below. Other types of stress are e.g. Tensile, compressive, shear or torsional loads.
- One possible method is that of image correlation. Although this method is known as the state of the art and enables a partial evaluation of the deformation under load on individual areas of the sample, the invention generally still provides regardless of the evaluation method used, e.g. by conversion, to determine an individual local value or several values of the respectively examined mechanical properties from the optically recorded local deformation of individual areas of a tested component, e.g. the
- Flexural rigidity as a mechanical property is expressly not limited to evaluation in the visible light range. However, this is preferably carried out with visible light.
- the local mechanical properties determined are preferred.
- Property values represent at least one vector or a matrix of the values.
- the results of the component test are e.g. converted into a CAD file using selected algorithms.
- the algorithms preferably ensure that the digital clone accurately reproduces the properties of the tested component or semi-finished product in the required resolution.
- a recursive optimization of these algorithms can be carried out, e.g. through a particularly weak artificial intelligence.
- the invention can provide that the local deformation is determined in relation to the non-deformed component, in particular which is also recorded camera-based or is determined in relation to a deformed component assumed to be homogeneous, the deformation of which is simulated.
- a mathematical model that describes the deformation behavior of the component in particular describes the deformation behavior of the component assumed to be homogeneous, from the measured values that represent the local deformation in relation to the non-deformed component, in particular in connection with the known forces used during loading by changing the model, a simulated deformed component described by the modified model is approximated to the real deformed component, in particular iteratively until a convergence criterion is met.
- the invention can provide the real deformation behavior of the tested component from inhomogeneous components
- finite elements To depict or simulate materials / materials with the known methods of mechanics, eg with methods of finite elements (FEM). This can lead to multidimensional systems of equations that can be solved with iterative methods.
- FEM finite elements
- Boundary conditions react and how loads and reactions propagate during the transition from one element of the body to the neighboring. It can thus be calculated numerically how a component discretized into finite elements deforms under a load.
- a general form of the finite element method is e.g. given by:
- [K] is the total stiffness matrix, which includes all information about the geometric shape, the volumetric properties and solution methods from the exact mechanics for the component under consideration.
- the overall stiffness matrix comprises the coefficients and values formed therefrom for the individual element stiffness matrices of those elements in which the component is discretized.
- ⁇ U ⁇ is the solution in the form of displacements of the nodes of the discretized elements of the component. The areas that connect the discretized elements are understood as nodes.
- the invention can generally apply methods of mechanics, e.g. the FEM, for example so that it is quasi inverted.
- FEM e.g. the FEM
- This is to be understood in particular in such a way that a mathematical model, in the example one of the finite element method, is changed so that it describes the deformation behavior actually recorded. At least part of this model can form the digital clone mentioned.
- this overall stiffness matrix can be changed successively, in particular iteratively, in particular in one or more parameters
- the unloaded component and the loaded component can be optically recorded with the at least one camera. From a comparison of the recorded data (images / videos), e.g. As part of a computer-based image evaluation, the exact displacement of the component can be determined, or the displacement of the nodes of the elements into which the component is discretized in this method, thus the exact solution ⁇ UEX ⁇ in the FEM.
- the image evaluation e.g. a position difference is formed between the deformed and undeformed component, in particular for the previously defined nodes of the elements in which the component is discretized.
- the position differences form, for example
- Load method or device and the acting forces is given. It can thus be numerical, e.g. a solution of the overall stiffness matrix is determined iteratively, with knowledge of the displacements ⁇ U EX ⁇ and the load ⁇ F ⁇ , in particular where at least some of the coefficients of this matrix represent the values of the local mechanical property sought.
- the mechanical properties of the component generally result from the at least one, preferably iteratively changed, overall stiffness matrix, in particular with a local resolution that corresponds to the resolution when the component is discretized into finite elements, but at least in the resolution of the number of cameras or measuring points.
- the at least one overall stiffness matrix can directly change the digital one after the preferably iterative change Represent clone, or from this values are taken to form the digital clone.
- An iteration can e.g. in such a way that the first digital clone generated, that is to say preferably the overall stiffness matrix of an FEM model of the component assumed to be homogeneous, is exposed to the loads on the real component test in a simulation using FEM methods.
- This initial simulation will, in particular due to the iterative solution chosen in its first solution ⁇ Ui ⁇ , initially deviate from the real component behavior, ie the real displacement of the element nodes. These deviations are preferably quantified, especially afterwards used to form a changed overall stiffness matrix.
- the evaluation takes place e.g. analogous to the determination of the deformation behavior.
- the quantified deviations are preferably an additional input variable for the generation of a second digital clone, preferably one compared to the first
- Component behavior lies within previously defined limits, in particular the iteration converges within the specified limits, i.e. a solution ⁇ U N ⁇ has been found whose deviation from the exact optically recorded solution ⁇ U EX ⁇ is less than or equal to the limit or the limits.
- the total stiffness matrix determined after the iteration describes the selected one to be tested in at least one of the coefficients, preferably in several
- the overall stiffness matrix can be e.g. be changed (preferably iteratively) by changing the coefficients of the element stiffness matrices of the individual elements into which the component is discretized.
- the overall stiffness matrix must be created individually for each component to be tested, in particular it depends on the material of the component and its shape.
- a bamboo cane as an exemplary component, it can be provided, for example, to iteratively change the element stiffness matrix assigned to each measuring point on the tube or the tube section that is recorded with the at least one camera, as a result of which the overall stiffness matrix of the component is also changed as a whole.
- the tube outside diameter of the bamboo tube at each measuring point or section and the inside diameter can be included in the respective element stiffness matrix or the total stiffness matrix at each measuring location / section.
- the outer diameter can e.g. within the scope of the invention, measurement technology is used to determine it from the camera images or beforehand separately at each measurement point / section and then, as a fixed parameter, to be taken into account in an iteration.
- the simulated component e.g. The shape of the bamboo cane can be adapted to the optically recorded simulative.
- the inner diameter values of the measuring points / sections form at least representatives of the chosen local sought
- the quality of the algorithms for generating the first digital clone can be continuously optimized.
- the coherence between real component behavior and the deformation behavior represented by the digital clone is continuously improved.
- a property value that is valid globally for the entire component for example the bending stiffness
- a measured deformation value first assuming a homogeneous component formation.
- the central maximum deflection of the component for example, again, can be used for this bamboo tube between the supports and the stamps compared to the unloaded case can be determined and from this, for example, the global bending stiffness of the component can be determined assuming a homogeneous composition. From this, the theoretical deformation of the component assumed to be homogeneous is calculated under the selected load type, for example the theoretical bending line of the component with a 4-point load.
- Measurement point or between adjacent measurement points ( measurement section) of the loaded and unloaded component.
- At least one per measuring point / section can directly represent a representative measure of a mechanical property or can be converted into such a property on the basis of mathematical relationships that apply to the component and / or the type of load.
- the invention can provide generally and therefore regardless of the type of evaluation that follows in general in the case of elongated components, the selected one
- tubular components for example, tubular components, rod-shaped components and flat components can be examined.
- the component is rotated by an angular amount about its longitudinal axis and the measurement is repeated, possibly several times for several different angles, so that several measurements for determining the selected property at several different angles
- the component surface can be completely captured, i.e. it can be captured from several directions, even though the cameras relate to the
- Earth reference system capture the component in only one direction.
- a possible embodiment of the described invention is quality assurance for an elongated or elongated, for example tubular component, for example a naturally grown bamboo tube.
- This component for example bamboo cane, generally has large inhomogeneities distributed over its length and over the circumference.
- a bamboo tube is a preferred component, since its structure, as a naturally grown bamboo tube, is a bionic model for modern lightweight constructions.
- bamboo cane has a stiffness to ratio
- bamboo can be used for a variety of products, e.g. among other things as material for the construction of bicycle frames. Use in scaffolding or other stiffening structures is also known.
- the invention accordingly has the task of investigating the inhomogeneous distribution of the bending stiffness of the component, e.g. of the bamboo cane to record and map.
- the mechanical property determined, e.g. the bending stiffness selected here is represented in the form of the digital clone.
- a bicycle frame is one of several inhomogeneous ones
- Components e.g. bamboo cane composite structure.
- the digital model thus consists of the individual digital clones of the components used. With the information about the local bending stiffness distribution of the components used, e.g. bamboo tubes, the composite structure is also mapped by a digital clone.
- the component e.g. a bamboo cane loaded.
- the mechanical load is e.g. a 4-point bending test was chosen.
- the component is preferably placed on two spaced-apart supports and loaded with two spaced-apart punches arranged between them.
- the 4-point bending test has the advantage of introducing a shear-free bending load on the component under investigation, for example the bamboo tube, between the loading punches.
- the longitudinal axis of the component is marked by the x coordinate. This is shown, for example, in Figures 1 to 4.
- the distances between the load application and support are, for example, different from the standard for 4-point bending tests
- the area free of lateral force in the sample is e.g. with a length of 1 m selected so that all for later use in one product, e.g. relevant component lengths are mapped to a bicycle frame.
- the applied load is preferably dependent on the pipe diameter examined and is limited by the specification of the purely elastic deformation.
- a plurality of cameras are mounted parallel to the longitudinal extent, with which the component is recorded in sections over its longitudinal extent, in this example parallel to the longitudinal axis of the
- the measured deflection is a function of the x coordinate along the longitudinal extent or longitudinal axis of the component, for example the bamboo tube.
- the component for example the bamboo tube.
- the inhomogeneous material in the component eg bamboo cane
- there is a bending line whose local deflection and slope is directly dependent on the local distribution of the bending stiffness in the respective component being examined.
- Picture 3 In direct comparison to the deformation of a component with a homogeneous material distribution, areas in the component, for example bamboo cane with high bending stiffness, lead to a locally flat slope of the bending line. Areas with weaknesses or defects, which lead to a local reduction in the bending stiffness are shown in the form of a larger slope.
- the component is rotated several times around its longitudinal direction at a defined angle. In the new position, the corresponding images are again created and compared in an exemplary evaluation in the loaded and unloaded state.
- the determined values of the local deformation can already be understood as representatives of the local bending stiffness and can preferably be converted into local stiffness.
- the determined values can also be used to form the exact measured solution ⁇ UEX ⁇ within the framework of an FEM.
- the iterative calculation of the overall stiffness matrix thus effectively converts the determined values into the local bending stiffness values sought.
- the result of the examination is represented by the digital clone, in particular namely by the determined overall stiffness matrix of the component, and this local stiffness determined in the form of a CAD file.
- the invention makes no statement about the cause of the local
- Another possible exemplary embodiment of the described invention is quality assurance for shell-shaped structural components or cladding parts made of preferably fiber composite materials. These components are often characterized by a very low material thickness or thickness in relation to the other dimensions of the component.
- Sheet material in a statistical value for the mechanical properties. As a potential source of error, this detour leads to high safety factors regardless of the resolution of the measurement or evaluation methods used.
- the digital clone contains information about the size and distribution of the mechanical properties in a component that have been examined as relevant
- the invention enables the relevant mechanical properties to be determined directly. Defects without any impact on the mechanical properties can be identified with the invention and accordingly reduce the reject rate.
- Comparable components can according to the invention locally by a pin or
- the probe body is loaded with a bump in the surface.
- This bulge generated by the load can be determined geometrically using an image correlation application according to the invention.
- the shape of the bulge is proportional to the mechanical properties of the exposed area and its surroundings.
- the invention and the method described are also suitable for quality assurance of complex components.
- a condition for use is preferably a damage-free deformation of the component in the elastic region. It makes sense to use all components or semi-finished products for one
- FIG. 5 shows a flow chart from which an exemplary embodiment for various exemplary component shapes a), b), c) can be found.
- Performing photogrammetry is optional.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018005635.0A DE102018005635A1 (de) | 2018-07-17 | 2018-07-17 | Verfahren zu Qualitätssicherung von Bauteilen aus inhomogenen Werkstoffen durch Bestimmung der lokalen mechanischen und geometrischen Eigenschaften und Erzeugung eines individuellen digitalen Klon |
PCT/EP2019/069279 WO2020016317A1 (de) | 2018-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur zerstörungsfreien ermittlung lokaler mechanischer eigenschaften von bauteilen aus inhomogenen werkstoffen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3824283A1 true EP3824283A1 (de) | 2021-05-26 |
Family
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EP19749227.5A Withdrawn EP3824283A1 (de) | 2018-07-17 | 2019-07-17 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur zerstörungsfreien ermittlung lokaler mechanischer eigenschaften von bauteilen aus inhomogenen werkstoffen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3824283A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102018005635A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2020016317A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110646286B (zh) * | 2019-10-10 | 2022-04-26 | 安徽农业大学 | 一种半分式测定棕榈藤材顺纹抗拉强度的方法 |
CN113221271B (zh) * | 2021-05-08 | 2022-10-28 | 西安交通大学 | 数字孪生驱动的航空发动机旋转叶片裂纹定量识别方法 |
CN115630460B (zh) * | 2022-10-28 | 2024-04-09 | 长沙理工大学 | 基于刚度和变形双控的路基顶面改善层设计方法、设备及存储介质 |
Family Cites Families (2)
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DE10105994B4 (de) * | 2001-02-09 | 2004-02-05 | Ettemeyer Ag | Verfahren zum Optimieren der Richtigkeit der theoretisch ermittelten Verformungen eines Werkstückes unter Belastung |
DE102016108991A1 (de) * | 2016-05-14 | 2017-11-16 | Technische Universität Darmstadt | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Charakterisierung eines Bauteils |
-
2018
- 2018-07-17 DE DE102018005635.0A patent/DE102018005635A1/de active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-07-17 EP EP19749227.5A patent/EP3824283A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-07-17 WO PCT/EP2019/069279 patent/WO2020016317A1/de unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2020016317A1 (de) | 2020-01-23 |
DE102018005635A1 (de) | 2020-01-23 |
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