EP3821173B1 - Brûleur pour fours industriels, séchoirs et similaires - Google Patents

Brûleur pour fours industriels, séchoirs et similaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3821173B1
EP3821173B1 EP19756253.1A EP19756253A EP3821173B1 EP 3821173 B1 EP3821173 B1 EP 3821173B1 EP 19756253 A EP19756253 A EP 19756253A EP 3821173 B1 EP3821173 B1 EP 3821173B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
duct
outlet section
passageway
partition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19756253.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3821173A1 (fr
EP3821173C0 (fr
Inventor
Fabio TAROZZI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siti B&T Group SpA
Original Assignee
Siti B&T Group SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Siti B&T Group SpA filed Critical Siti B&T Group SpA
Publication of EP3821173A1 publication Critical patent/EP3821173A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3821173C0 publication Critical patent/EP3821173C0/fr
Publication of EP3821173B1 publication Critical patent/EP3821173B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/008—Flow control devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/007—Mixing tubes, air supply regulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner for industrial kilns, dryers and the like.
  • burners are used which, using a gaseous fuel such as e.g. natural gas, generate thermal energy and deliver it inside a portion of the system or device (known as firing chamber, or drying chamber, etc.), in which the products being processed are located or through which they transit.
  • a gaseous fuel such as e.g. natural gas
  • the aforementioned burners are installed, in a suitable number, inside the system or device according to the most suitable configuration in relation to the type of product treated, and in relation to the treatment methods of the same; in the most typical applications, the burners are housed inside respective through openings formed in the side walls of the system or device, with the respective nozzles, if any, relating to the inner chamber.
  • Each burner usually comprises a main body, for example a tubular or substantially tubular body, provided with a first fuel inlet port, and with a second port for the entry of the oxidizing element, i.e. normally air (if necessary preheated to a certain temperature).
  • a main body for example a tubular or substantially tubular body, provided with a first fuel inlet port, and with a second port for the entry of the oxidizing element, i.e. normally air (if necessary preheated to a certain temperature).
  • the aforementioned first port communicates with a fuel supply manifold, typically coaxial to the main body; such manifold flows into a final supply element, provided with holes.
  • the diffuser is sized and mounted in such a way as to circumscribe the fuel supply end element, so as to keep the air and fuel outlets very close to each other.
  • ignition means are provided, which determine the ignition of a spark that ignites the mixture.
  • the burners of the type described above have some drawbacks, mainly related to the limited power range within which they have an optimal and regular, or in any case satisfactory behavior, free of malfunctions in relation to the specific application.
  • the air enters the burner through the diffuser which surrounds the gas supply end element the increase in its flow rate, beyond a certain limit, causes phenomena of accentuated turbulence mainly in the area of flame generation.
  • US 2008/138751 A1 , EP 0945678A2 and CN 103277795A disclose burners having a relative body provided with a first passageway for supplying primary air and a second passageway for supplying secondary air, where the first passageway has a first outlet section and the second passageway has a second outlet section, the second outlet section being located at the periphery of the first outlet section.
  • the burners disclosed by US 2008/138751 A1 , EP 0945678A2 and CN 103277795A further comprise a collector for the supply of fuel, provided with an end element adapted to dispense gas, surrounded by the first outlet section.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a burner for industrial kilns, dryers and the like that can operate optimally in a wider power range than burners currently used.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a burner for industrial kilns, dryers and the like which allows reducing or eliminating the harmful phenomena of turbulence due to the speed of the combustion air introduced through the diffuser.
  • the burner comprises a body, provided with a first passageway for the supply of primary combustion air, ending in a first outlet section.
  • the burner comprises a manifold for the supply of the fuel, provided with a gas supply end element, surrounded by the aforementioned first outlet section.
  • the burner also comprises triggering means for triggering the combustion of the fuel-oxidizing element mixture, and a nozzle, connected to the above body, provided with an outflow port adapted for the combustion products generated inside the burner to come out.
  • the secondary air which is introduced into the nozzle through a peripheral outlet section with respect to that of the primary air, compensates for the lack of combustion air resulting from the regulation of the primary air flow rate; the latter is instead limited according to two typical situations so as not to generate turbulence in the center of the nozzle in case of high power demand, or not to cause the accidental extinguishment of the flame, in case of low power demand.
  • reference numeral 1 globally indicates a burner for industrial kilns, dryers and the like according to the present invention.
  • the burner 1 of particularly effective and advantageous use in the context of firing kilns for ceramic products such as ceramic tiles, sanitary ware, and the like.
  • the body 2 could however have a different shape or geometry than the cylindrical tubular one, in relation to specific application requirements.
  • distal relates to the parts of the burner 1 facing the firing chamber, and therefore towards the inside of the kiln (not shown in the illustrations), while the adjective “proximal” relates to the parts of the burner facing the outside of the kiln.
  • the body 2 comprises a proximal portion 3; at the proximal portion 3 are provided the fluid inlet sections, i.e. the fuel and the oxidizing element. Moreover, the body 2 comprises a distal portion 4, opposite the proximal portion 3.
  • the burner comprises, in addition, a third port 7, for the entry of the fuel.
  • the burner 1 comprises a nozzle 8.
  • the nozzle 8 is connected to the body 2, at the distal portion 4 of the latter.
  • the nozzle 8 can be connected to the body 2 in a removable manner, e.g. with a connection of the flanged type.
  • the size and shape of the nozzle 8 can be modified to reach different areas inside the firing kiln, or to modify/optimize the behavior of the combustion products coming out of the burner 1.
  • the body 2 comprises, at its proximal portion 3, a first end 9.
  • the body 2 comprises, at its distal portion 4, a second end 10; more specifically, at least the second end 10 is flanged, and permits obtaining the connection with the nozzle 8.
  • a closure element 11 is connected to the first end 9 which can also be shaped as a flange.
  • the closure element 11 comprises the third port 7 for the fuel inlet.
  • the body 2 of the burner 1 comprises a first passageway 12 for the primary air.
  • the body 2 of the burner 1 comprises a second passageway 14 for the secondary air.
  • the second passageway 14 places the second port 6 in fluidic communication with a second outlet section 15 of the secondary air.
  • the burner 1 further comprises a fuel manifold 16.
  • the fuel can be for example natural gas, or even another fluid fuel suitable for the specific application of use of the burner 1.
  • the manifold 16 communicates with the third port 7; moreover, the manifold 16 comprises an end element 17, adapted to dispense the fuel gas.
  • the manifold 16 is arranged coaxial with the longitudinal axis A of the burner 1.
  • the end element 17 can comprise, for example, a number of holes 18 for the supply of combustible gas; such holes 18 can be arranged in different positions, e.g., parallel to the longitudinal axis A, or perpendicular to the latter, or yet in other positions.
  • the conformation of the end element 17 can however be any, in relation to specific functional requirements; also the conformation of the manifold 16 can be any.
  • the ignition means 19 are housed inside the body 2 of the burner 1; the ignition means 19 comprise a first connecting element 20, passing through a corresponding opening provided for in the closure element 11.
  • the burner 1 also comprises flame detection means 21.
  • the first passageway 12 and the second passageway 14 are separated from each other inside the body 2 by means of a partition 23.
  • the partition 23 has a tubular or substantially tubular conformation; more in detail, the partition 23 comprises - or consists of - a cylindrical or substantially cylindrical wall.
  • the first outlet section 13 - where the first passageway 12 ends - surrounds the end element 17 of the manifold 16; the second outlet section 15, where the second passageway 14 ends, is in turn located at the periphery of the first outlet section 13.
  • the burner 1 comprises a cage element 25, to which the partition 23 is connected, with its innermost or proximal end.
  • the cage element 25 is adapted to place the first port 5, provided in the lateral surface of the body 2, in communication with the inner volume of the partition 23, so as to create the first passageway 12.
  • the cage element 25 has an essentially cylindrical conformation; the cage element 25 comprises a plurality of lateral openings 26, which allow the primary air, coming from the first port 5, penetrating inside it.
  • the cage element 25 comprises a disc-shaped portion 27, having a larger diameter than that of its central part, which abuts at a respective shoulder 28 provided in the inner surface of the body 2.
  • the burner 1 comprises means for generating a turbine within the flow of the fuel-oxidizing element mixture, adapted to facilitate the process of mixing of the two gases.
  • the first diffuser 29 also comprises a plurality of further holes 31.
  • the holes 31 are distributed in the central area of the first diffuser 29. Furthermore, the first diffuser 29 comprises a central opening, which allows the end element 17 of the manifold 16 to come out.
  • the partition 23 has a length such as to protrude, for a certain distance, from the body 2 of the burner 1, and to penetrate inside the nozzle 8.
  • the turbine generating means also comprise a second diffuser 32.
  • the second diffuser 32 is associated with the distal opening, in use, of the body 2.
  • the second diffuser 32 is substantially circular crown-shaped, and therefore defines a central opening; at the inner edge of this central opening, the second diffuser 32 comprises a plurality of second slits 33.
  • the second slits 33 also define respective channels inclined with respect to the longitudinal axis A of the burner 1, so as to impart a certain tangential component to the air which passes through them.
  • the second diffuser 32 is positioned so that the tubular partition 23 passes through its central opening, i.e. passes through it.
  • the nozzle 8 has an essentially cylindrical conformation; it comprises a substantially flared divergent proximal region 34 for the connection to the distal portion 4 of the body 2.
  • the nozzle 8 comprises a convergent distal region 35, which defines the outflow port 36 from which the combustion products generated inside the burner 1 are adapted to flow out.
  • the first outlet section 13 and the second outlet section 15 are adapted to diffuse, respectively, the primary combustion air and the secondary combustion air inside the nozzle 8.
  • the first outlet section 13 and the second outlet section 15 are arranged on respective different planes with respect to the longitudinal axis A of the burner 1 (since the partition 23 exits from the body 2 by a certain length): therefore, the second outlet section 15 is further back with respect to the first outlet section 13, with reference to the direction of flow of the gases.
  • the burner 1 comprises a first duct 37 for the supply of primary air; the first duct 37 ends in the first port 5.
  • the burner 1 comprises a second duct 38 for the supply of secondary air; the second duct 38 ends in the second port 6.
  • the burner 1 comprises a substantially Y-shaped fitting 39, for the (primary and secondary) air inlet in the burner 1.
  • the first duct 37 and the second duct 38 make up the two divergent branches of the aforementioned fitting 39.
  • the fitting 39 comprises an air inlet opening 39a.
  • the first duct 37 has an orthogonal, or substantially orthogonal, axis to the longitudinal axis A of the burner 1.
  • the second duct 38 instead, has an inclined axis, by a certain angle, with respect to the longitudinal axis A of the burner, and therefore also with respect to the axis of the first duct 37.
  • the fitting 39 can be made in a single piece with the body 2, or it can be made as a separate element, associated with the body 2 with suitable connecting members.
  • the first regulation device 40 and the second regulation device 41 allow the primary and secondary air flow rates to be varied independently of one another.
  • the first regulation device 40 can comprise a first butterfly valve 42.
  • the butterfly valve solution is very simple and economical in design, and at the same time effective and reliable.
  • the first butterfly valve 42 and the second butterfly valve 43 are controlled by respective first, second operating members 44, 45.
  • the first, second operating members 44, 45 are e.g. of the manual type.
  • the outer casing of the fitting 39 (or more generally of the body 2) comprises, for each of the regulation devices 40, 41, a respective slot 48, substantially shaped as an arc of circumference.
  • the center of the circumference along which the slot 48 extends belongs to the axis of rotation of the respective valve 42, 43.
  • the primary air consequently reaches the first diffuser 29, passes through it and its trajectory is consequently diverted, obtaining a turbine that facilitates mixing with the fuel.
  • the primary air flow rate can be regulated, i.e. limited, by means of the first regulation device 40, in such a way as not to exceed the maximum critical value beyond which phenomena of turbulence could be generated in the central area of the nozzle 8, in the proximity of the fuel outlet.
  • the primary air flow rate is suitably limited, by means of the first regulation device 40, so as not to cause flame burn-out, and therefore the burner to shut down.
  • the burner 1 can also operate smoothly, and therefore in a problem-free way, with thermal powers lower than those achievable by burners of the known and currently used type.
  • the burner behaves as if it were provided with an air diffuser with variable geometry, easily controllable by adjusting the flow rate of the primary and secondary air respectively.
  • This embodiment differs from the previous one in terms of the shape of the first duct 37, for the supply of primary air, and of the second duct 38, for the supply of secondary air.
  • first duct 37 and the second duct 38 are completely separated from each other, and do not originate from a single fitting as in the previous embodiment.
  • the first duct 37 can be supplied with clean air, while the second duct 38 can be supplied with "dirty” or recycled air, coming from the same kiln/dryer or from other devices/systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. - Brûleur (1) pour fours industriels, séchoirs et analogues, comprenant :
    un corps (2) comportant un premier passage (12) pour l'alimentation en air primaire de combustion, aboutissant à une première section de sortie (13),
    un collecteur (16) pour l'alimentation en combustible, comportant un élément d'extrémité (17) agencé pour distribuer du gaz, entouré par ladite première section de sortie (13),
    des moyens d'allumage (19) pour la combustion d'un mélange du combustible et de l'air, et
    une buse (8), reliée audit corps (2), comportant un orifice de sortie (36) par lequel des produits de combustion générés à l'intérieur du brûleur peuvent s'écouler en sortie,
    ledit corps (2) comprenant un second passage (14) pour l'alimentation en air secondaire de combustion, aboutissant à une seconde section de sortie (15) située à la périphérie de ladite première section de sortie (13), ladite première section de sortie (13) et ladite seconde section de sortie (15) étant agencées pour diffuser l'air primaire et l'air secondaire, respectivement, à l'intérieur de ladite buse (8),
    ledit brûleur (1) comprenant un premier conduit (37) pour l'alimentation en air primaire et un second conduit (38) pour l'alimentation en air secondaire,
    caractérisé par le fait que ledit premier conduit (37) comprend un premier dispositif de régulation (40) pour réguler le débit d'air primaire et ledit second conduit (38) comprend un second dispositif de régulation (41) pour réguler le débit d'air secondaire, et par le fait qu'il comprend un raccord sensiblement en forme de Y (39), comportant une ouverture d'entrée (39a) de l'air de combustion, et ledit premier conduit (37) et ledit second conduit (38) constituant les deux branches divergentes du raccord en forme de Y, ledit premier conduit (37) ayant un axe orthogonal, ou sensiblement orthogonal, à l'axe longitudinal (A) du brûleur (1) et ledit second conduit (38) ayant un axe incliné par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (A) du brûleur (1), et donc aussi par rapport à l'axe dudit premier conduit (37).
  2. - Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite première section de sortie (13) et ladite seconde section de sortie (15) sont disposées sur des plans différents respectifs par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (A) du brûleur (1).
  3. - Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel ledit premier dispositif de régulation (40) comprend une première vanne papillon (42) et ledit second dispositif de régulation (41) comprend une seconde vanne papillon (43).
  4. - Brûleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit premier passage (12) et ledit second passage (14) sont séparés l'un de l'autre, à l'intérieur dudit corps (2), au moyen d'une cloison tubulaire (23), de telle sorte qu'entre ledit corps (2) et ladite cloison (23) est défini un intervalle (24), ledit premier passage (12) étant défini intérieurement à ladite cloison (23), ledit second passage (14) étant défini le long dudit intervalle (24).
  5. - Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 4, comprenant un élément cage (25) auquel ladite cloison (23) est reliée par son extrémité la plus intérieure ou proximale, ledit élément cage (25) étant agencé pour placer un premier orifice (5) pour l'entrée d'air primaire, prévu dans la surface latérale dudit corps (2), en communication avec le volume intérieur de ladite cloison (23), de façon à créer ledit premier passage (12), ledit élément cage (25) comprenant une pluralité d'ouvertures latérales (26) qui permettent à l'air primaire, provenant dudit premier orifice (5), de pénétrer à l'intérieur de celui-ci.
  6. - Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 4 et 5, comprenant des moyens de génération d'une turbulence à l'intérieur de l'écoulement du mélange combustible-élément oxydant, qui sont agencés pour faciliter le processus de mélange des deux gaz, comprenant un premier diffuseur (29), définissant ladite première section de sortie (13), associé à l'extrémité distale de ladite cloison (23) en utilisation, et un second diffuseur (32), définissant ladite seconde section de sortie (15), ayant une ouverture centrale à travers laquelle passe ladite cloison (23).
  7. - Brûleur (1) selon la revendication 6 précédente, dans lequel ledit premier diffuseur (29) est sensiblement en forme de disque et comprend, le long de sa surface latérale extérieure, une pluralité de premières fentes périphériques (30).
  8. - Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7 précédentes, dans lequel ledit second diffuseur (32) est sensiblement en forme de couronne circulaire et définit une ouverture centrale, au bord intérieur de ladite ouverture centrale étant prévu une pluralité de secondes fentes (33).
  9. - Brûleur (1) selon l'une des revendications 3 à 8, dans lequel ladite première vanne papillon (42) et ladite seconde vanne papillon (43) sont commandées par des premier et second éléments de commande respectifs (44, 45) du type manuel.
  10. - Brûleur (1) selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel lesdits éléments de commande (44, 45) comprennent, pour chacune desdites vannes papillons (42, 43), un petit bras (46) ayant une extrémité verrouillée avec l'axe de rotation de ladite vanne (42, 43), l'extrémité opposée dudit petit bras (46) ayant un bouton (47), qui est associé audit petit bras (46) au moyen d'éléments de liaison filetés, qui permettent de le visser et de le dévisser par rapport audit petit bras (46).
  11. - Brûleur (1) selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel l'enveloppe extérieure dudit corps (2) comprend, pour chacun desdits dispositifs de régulation (40, 41), une fente respective (48) sensiblement en forme d'arc de circonférence, dont le centre appartient à l'axe de rotation de la vanne papillon respective (42, 43), et qui est agencée pour guider la rotation dudit bouton (47) pour régler la position de ladite vanne papillon (42, 43), ledit bouton (47) étant agencé pour verrouiller, par friction, la vanne papillon correspondante (42, 43) dans la position souhaitée au moyen de son vissage, de façon à venir en contact avec la surface extérieure de l'enveloppe dudit corps (2).
EP19756253.1A 2018-07-10 2019-07-09 Brûleur pour fours industriels, séchoirs et similaires Active EP3821173B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT201800007091 2018-07-10
PCT/IB2019/055825 WO2020012347A1 (fr) 2018-07-10 2019-07-09 Brûleur pour fours industriels, séchoirs et similaires

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3821173A1 EP3821173A1 (fr) 2021-05-19
EP3821173C0 EP3821173C0 (fr) 2023-12-20
EP3821173B1 true EP3821173B1 (fr) 2023-12-20

Family

ID=63834407

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19756253.1A Active EP3821173B1 (fr) 2018-07-10 2019-07-09 Brûleur pour fours industriels, séchoirs et similaires

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3821173B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112021000319A2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2971983T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020012347A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1238713B (it) * 1990-04-20 1993-09-01 Ente Naz Energia Elettrica Bruciatore perfezionato per olio e gas combustibili a bassa produzione di ossidi di azoto.
ITFI980069A1 (it) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-25 Enel Spa Bruciatore innovativo per combustibili liquidi e gassosi a bassa produzione di ossidi di azoto
US7549858B2 (en) * 2006-12-04 2009-06-23 Praxair Technology, Inc. Combustion with variable oxidant low NOx burner
EP2378196B1 (fr) * 2010-04-16 2015-02-18 Ammann Italy S.p.A. Brûleur à deux combustibles pour cylindres sécheurs et procédé d'utilisation le même
CN103277795B (zh) * 2013-05-27 2015-05-20 中国科学院广州能源研究所 可调节烟气自身再循环燃气燃烧器

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WO2020012347A1 (fr) 2020-01-16
EP3821173A1 (fr) 2021-05-19
ES2971983T3 (es) 2024-06-10
BR112021000319A2 (pt) 2021-04-06
EP3821173C0 (fr) 2023-12-20

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