EP3820682A1

EP3820682A1 - Fibre laying installation and method for depositing fibre material

Info

Publication number: EP3820682A1
Application number: EP19737507.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Yannis GROHMANN; Philipp SCHNEEVOIGT
Original assignee: Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Current assignee: Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Priority date: 2018-07-10
Filing date: 2019-07-04
Publication date: 2021-05-19
Also published as: WO2020011639A1; DE102018116662A1; JP2021524401A; JP7413342B2

Abstract

The invention relates to a fibre laying installation for depositing fibre material for producing a fibre preform, from which a fibre composite component is producible by curing a matrix material in which the fibre material of the fibre preform is embedded, wherein the fibre laying installation has: - a fibre laying head, which is configured to deposit fibre material on a tool, - a fibre transport device, which is configured to transport the fibre material from a fibre material store to the fibre laying head of the fibre laying installation, - a movement measuring device, which is set up to sense movement information of the fibre material when the fibre material is deposited continuously on the tool by the fibre laying head, and - a heating device, which is set up to heat up the fibre material in a heating region when the fibre material is deposited continuously on the tool by the fibre laying head, wherein the fibre laying installation has a control device, which is set up to receive the fibre material movement information sensed by the movement measuring device and to control the input of heat by the heating device into the fibre material during deposition depending on the sensed fibre material movement information.

Description

Fiber laying system and method for depositing fiber material

The invention relates to a fiber-bending system for depositing fiber material for producing a fiber preform, from which a fiber composite component can be produced or should be produced by curing a matrix material embedding the fiber material of the fiber preform. The invention also relates to a method for this.

Components made of a fiber composite material, so-called fiber composite components, have become indispensable in aerospace today. But the use of such materials is also becoming increasingly popular in other areas. Critical structural elements in particular are made from fiber-reinforced plastics due to their high weight-specific strength and rigidity with minimal weight. Due to the anisotropic properties of the fiber composite materials resulting from the fiber orientation, components can be adapted exactly to local loads and thus enable optimal material utilization in terms of lightweight construction.

In the manufacturing process, in addition to dry semi-finished fiber products such as scrims, woven fabrics or mostly pre-bound dry rovings, also known as prepregs, which represent a fiber material pre-impregnated with a matrix material. Due to the increasing number of pieces in the production of fiber-reinforced components, especially in series production, there are great efforts to largely automate the manufacturing process without negatively influencing the quality of the manufacturing process or the components to be manufactured.

So that the later component shape can arise from the semifinished fiber products, the semifinished fiber products are generally placed in or on a mold, for example using a force, the tool surface of which has a geometry corresponding to the later component shape or a preliminary stage thereof. In the automated or partially automated manufacturing process in particular, this filing process (also often called preforming) is carried out with the aid of fiber bending devices or fiber bending systems in which the end effectors are fiber bending heads. Such fiber-bending systems can, for example, be portal systems or robot-based systems in which the fiber-bending heads are arranged on industrial articulated arm robots.

Semi-finished fiber products, in particular flat fiber semi-finished products such as tapes, slittapes or rovings, are fed to the fiberizing heads by means of a material supply device so that they can be deposited in or on the molding tool by a relative movement between the laying head and the tool surface.

DE 10 2013 107 103 A1, for example, discloses a fiber head which can be arranged on a robot to form a fiber plant. The fiber-forming head is designed such that it uses a fiber-laying unit, for example a pressure roller, to deposit the flat fiber semifinished product supplied to it on the mold surface, the fiber-forming head having a plurality of electrical electrodes and / or counterelectrodes in order to apply an electrical one Voltage to be able to cause a current flow in the semi-finished fiber product between an electrode and a counter electrode. In this way, for example, certain materials or materials can be activated within the semi-finished fiber product, such as a binder material, in order to fix the semi-finished fiber product on the surface. It is also conceivable, however, that when using pre-impregnated semi-finished fiber products (prepregs), by energizing the semi-finished fiber product to be discarded, it is heated in order to achieve better fixation of the semi-finished fiber product on the surface by increasing the stickiness.

DE 10 2011 102 950 A1 discloses a laying head and a method for producing textile preforms from fiber arrangements containing carbon fibers, the laying head comprising at least one fiber feed device, a laying roller and a heating device for heating a thermally activatable binder Has fixation of the textile preform. The laying head comprises two contact surfaces which are contacted by the fiber arrangement which is fed through the fiber feed device and which is guided through the laying head to the laying roller, the two contact surfaces being made electrically conductive as a pair of electrodes and being connected to a current source, the electrically conductive carbon fibers of the fiber arrangement form a fleece section of the laying head between the electrode pairs, which provides the fleece device of the laying head. Here too, the fiber materials supplied to the laying head are energized within the laying head and thus heated up.

Since the distance between the electrodes and the counterelectrodes is generally fixed, the current path in the semi-finished fiber also has a predetermined fixed length. The thermal energy input due to the energization is therefore not only dependent on the length of the energization section, but also on the deposition speed at which the fiber material is deposited on the semi-finished fiber. This is because the deposition speed also defines the period of time within which a specific semifinished fiber position is located within the energization section between the electrodes and the counter electrodes.

For monitoring the plant parameters, it is known in practice to determine the depositing speed approximately via the actual TCP speed (TCP: Tool Center Point). However, the accuracy here depends on the sensors for detecting the TCP speed as well as on the inertia and inaccuracy of the overall system due to the mass and the vibration behavior.

DE 10 2009 017 217 A1 discloses a device for depositing a band-shaped semi-finished fiber product and a method for operating the device, the fiber-forming head used here having a cutting device in order to cut the band-shaped semi-finished fiber product to a predetermined length. Here, the length subtracted is determined with the aid of a measuring device in order to determine the length in time

Control the cutting device and cut off the semi-finished fiber. The measuring device includes a laser-based sensor that detects the end of a cut fiber semifinished product, the unrolled length of the fiber semifinished product can then be determined on the basis of the transport speed of the conveyor or transport belt which produces the feed of the fiber material.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved fiber-bending plant and an improved method for depositing fiber material for producing a fiber preform, with which the thermal energy input into the fiber material can be adjusted in a targeted and very fine manner while the fiber material is being deposited on the molding tool , It is a particular object of the present invention to provide an improved fiber-bending plant and an improved method in which the thermal energy input can be adjusted very finely and with high precision based on the existing process boundary conditions of the laying process.

The object is achieved according to the invention with the fiber-bending plant according to claim 1 and the method for depositing fiber material according to claim 12.

According to claim 1, a fiber-bending system for depositing fiber material for producing a fiber preform is claimed, wherein a fiber composite component can or should be produced from the fiber preform by curing a matrix material embedding the fiber material of the fiber preform. Accordingly, the fiber-bending system is designed to produce a fiber preform from a fiber composite material that contains at least the two main components fiber material and matrix material, at least from the fiber material of the fiber composite material by depositing the fiber material, so that the fiber composite component is then cured from this fiber preform of the matrix material can be produced. The fiber preform is a component preform that can partially or completely have the later component geometry.

The fiber-bending system has a fiber-forming head of the generic type, which is designed to deposit fiber material on a tool. In addition, the fiber-bending plant has a fiber transport device of the generic type which is designed to transport the fiber material from a fiber-material store to a fiber-laying head of the fiber-bending plant. The fiber head can be arranged on an automatic machine so that the fiber head can be moved in space is and can perform a relative movement between the fiber head and an immovable mold. Such an automatic machine can be, for example, a portal system or a robot. However, it is also conceivable that the fiber head is stationary or can only move in one spatial direction, while the shaping tool surface moves relative to the fiber head (for example in the winding process).

With the aid of the fiber transport device, the fiber material from the fiber material store, which is generally arranged so as to be stationary relative to the fiber head, so that a relative movement and movement of the fiber head takes place between the fiber head and the fiber head, can be transported to the fiber head and fed to it , so that the fiber head can lay down the fiber material fed to it.

Furthermore, the fiber-bending system has a movement measuring device which is set up to record movement information of the fiber material when the fiber material is continuously deposited on the tool by the fiber-forming head. With the aid of such a motion measuring device, for example, the material path covered and / or the material speed when the fiber material is deposited can be determined continuously. The movement measuring device is designed such that it directly detects the movement of the fiber material and determines the movement information of the fiber material based on this. Movements of the fiber material and not of the fiberizing head are measured to determine the movement information, movement of the fiber material through the fiberizing head or along the transport device being detected directly and immediately with the aid of the movement measuring device. Such a movement measuring device can be, for example, a rotary encoder on a deflection roller or a conveyor belt. However, the movement measuring device can also have an optical sensor which is set up for contactless detection of a movement of the fiber material.

In addition, the fiberizing system, preferably arranged inside the fiberizing head, has a pickling device which is set up to heat the fiber material in a pickling area when the fiber material passes through the fiberizing head is continuously placed on the tool. According to the invention, it is now provided that the fiber-bending system has a control device which is set up to receive the movement information of the fiber material detected by the movement measuring device and to increase the heat supply of the meat device into the fiber material during the deposition as a function of the detected movement information of the fiber material Taxes.

The inventors have recognized that by measuring the movement of the fiber material directly and independently of the movement of the fiber head, movement information can be determined with an accuracy that is suitable for controlling the heat input into the fiber material, and so on to be able to heat the fiber material to a desired temperature or to heat the fiber material within a predetermined temperature range shortly before the fiber material is deposited. In particular in the case of rapid laying maneuvers and rapid starting and braking operations of the fiber head, the direct detection of the movement of the fiber material and the movement information derived therefrom can provide a sufficient control parameter with which the heat supply into the fiber material can be controlled.

The control device can be designed in such a way that it can adjust the meat yield (heat output over time) as a function of the movement information of the fiber material in order to control the heat input into the fiber material. Alternatively or additionally, the control device can also be designed such that it adjusts or varies the heat input into the fiber material by adjusting the heating time in which the pickling device supplies heat to the fiber material (and consequently emits heat), in order to adjust the heat input to be able to control over time. As a result, the amount of heat emitted over time and the heating-up time or pickling time per se would advantageously be used as possible control parameters for controlling the heat supply.

As already mentioned, it is advantageous if the movement measuring device is used to record a material speed and / or a covered material path as movement information of the fiber material during the laying down. is directed, the control device being set up to control the heat supply of the heating device into the fiber material as a function of the detected material speed and / or the detected material path of the fiber material.

It is conceivable, for example, that the stain output (amount of heat over time) is adapted as a function of the material speed, so that the stain output is increased at higher material speeds, while the stain output is reduced at lower material speeds. As a result, the control device is designed in such a way that the pickling performance correlates with the material speed. However, it is also conceivable that the meat device is switched on or off depending on the material path covered, so that the amount of heat per time is indirectly regulated and controlled as a result. It is thus conceivable that the control device activates the pickling device after a predetermined material path has been covered, so that the pickling device begins to supply heat. This supply of heat by the pickling device is maintained until the control device recognizes that since the beginning of the supply of heat by the pickling device a second material path S2 has been covered, whereupon the control device controls the pickling device in such a way that the supply of heat is stopped.

The heat supply through the meat device can be done directly or indirectly. It is conceivable that the pickling device for supplying heat is set up based on classic heat convection, for example by supplying heat to the fiber material using a pickling heater. This is advantageous, for example, if the fiber material consists of non-electrically conductive fiber materials.

If the fiber material has electrically conductive reinforcing fibers, it can be advantageous if the heat is supplied by energizing the fiber material in the form of a resistance heater. With the help of electrodes, a voltage is applied that leads to a current flow within the fiber material and thereby heats the fiber material. However, it is also conceivable that heating takes place inductively, using an alternating magnetic field. Furthermore, the heat supply can be regulated on the basis of the (length-specific) quantities or masses of material, the specific heat capacity and / or the electrical and thermal properties of the material to be heated as a function of process boundary conditions. The heat supply can then be regulated on the basis of the process-dependent material parameters in connection with the recorded material movement.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the fiber-bending system has at least one temperature sensor, which is designed to detect the temperature of the fiber material outside or inside the meat area of the meat device. The control device is also set up in such a way that the heat supply of the heating device into the fiber material is controlled as a function of the measured temperature of the fiber material. By analyzing the material temperature, the control parameters can be automatically adapted to changing material properties or changing process boundary conditions. The material temperature is preferably recorded by a contactless measuring method such as one or more pyrometers or a thermal camera. However, other contactless measuring methods are also conceivable that allow the material temperature to be recorded quickly.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the fiber-laying system is designed to deposit fiber material consisting of a plurality of individual strands, which are generally fed in parallel to the fiber-laying head and then deposited in parallel by the fiber laying head. With the aid of the motion measuring device, movement information is now recorded for each band-shaped single strand or a group of individual strands, so that, based on the movement information recorded individually for each individual strand, the pickling device can be controlled in such a way that for each individual strand or the group of individual strands Heat supply in the respective single strand or the respective group of single strands is controlled.

This makes it possible to individually supply the heat for each sliver to be laid (single strand) depending on the movement information of the respective one To control the fiber strand, which enables heat input even more precisely through the fiber laying system.

Because with tight curve radii or a large number of wide fiber strips to be simultaneously laid down, there is a clear difference in material withdrawal between the outer strips or single strands compared to the strips or single strands lying in the inner radius of the circular path, so that with a common one Heat input the heat input for the single strands in the outer radius would be lower than for the single strands in the inner radius. By individually determining the movement information for each individual strand and individually controlling the heat supply in each individual strand, this problem can be taken into account when depositing the fiber material in tight curve radii. The control device would then detect an increased material draw-off in the external fiber tapes, for example in the form of an increased material speed or a faster reaching of the material waypoints covered, so that the heat supply for the external fiber tapes is automatically increased by the control device. in order to achieve the most uniform possible heat input in all fiber bands.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the pickling device is designed for the pulsed supply of heat into the fiber material, the control device of the fiber laying system being set up to control the pulsed heat supply as a function of the detected movement information of the fiber material. A pulsed supply of heat is understood in particular to mean a discontinuous supply of heat at discrete time intervals, the duration of the pickling time being limited in time and generally a large number of heat supply cycles being provided. It is particularly advantageous if the start and / or end of a heat supply pulse (heat supply cycle) are controlled as a function of the detected movement information of the fiber material. However, it is also conceivable that the pulse duration is controlled as a function of the recorded movement information.

The pulsed supply of heat can also, depending on the process-dependent material parameters, the voltage provided by the energy source, the desired target temperature or the desired number of pulses be determined, calculated and / or determined to achieve the target temperature.

In this way, the individual heat supply pulses can be triggered as a function of the distance traveled (for example every 10 mm), such a heat supply pulse having a heat supply duration of a predetermined period of time.

It is conceivable that in the case of a plurality of individual strands or fiber bands that are to be laid in parallel by the fiber laying head, an individual fiber supply pulse for supplying heat to the respective fiber band can be set individually for each fiber band. Movement information is thus determined individually for each fiber sliver, whereupon a heat supply pulse is then controlled individually for each fiber sliver, so that an individually pulsed heat supply can be achieved independently of the other fiber slivers.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the pickling device has at least one electrode which is connected to an electrical energy source and which is in electrical contact with the electrically conductive fiber material when the fiber material is being transported and which interacts with a counterelectrode which likewise electrically contacts the electrically conductive fiber material in such a way that in one of the electrodes electrical contacting of the at least one electrode and at least one counterelectrode current flow section causes a current flow to heat the fiber material when an electrical voltage is applied to the electrode and / or counterelectrode, the control device being set up to supply the heat to the Control fiber material by controlling the application of the electrical voltage as a function of the detected movement information of the fiber material.

One or more electrodes and one or more counterelectrodes can be provided in order to be able to form different current supply sections. The electrodes and the counter electrodes are preferably provided in the fiberizing head, for example in the form of deflection rollers. However, it is also conceivable that, for example, the counter electrode is formed by the molding tool if the molding tool has an electrically conductive tool surface. It is of course conceivable that in the case of a plurality of individual strands which are to be deposited by the fiber head, each individual strand individually forms an energization section by means of contacting electrodes and counterelectrodes, so that each individual strand has at least one energization section, within which a current flow by application can be caused by electrical voltages in order to heat the fiber material or the single strand within the energization section in the manner of a resistance heater. In this case, the control device can be set up to control the application of the electrical voltage individually for each energization section of a respective single strand, in order to enable individual heating of the respective single strand.

Advantageously, the control device of the fiber-depositing system for controlling the application of the electrical voltage is set up in such a way that the fleas of the electrical voltage, the time of application of the electrical voltage and / or the time interval between two energization phases and the duration of the applied electrical voltage for controlling the heat supply is controlled.

It is conceivable that all electrodes (for example in the form of positive poles) of the system are connected to a large energy storage device (e.g. capacitor). The purpose of this is to avoid voltage drops when connecting electrodes. It is also a simple technical solution. The individual electrodes are now connected to the energy store for a pulse by a suitable electrical component (e.g. MOSFET) and then separated again. This enables pulses to be switched in the microsecond range. If the energy store is charged with a high voltage (preferably direct current) in the touch-safe range <120 VDC or even <60 VDC, the desired target temperatures can be reached within a few milliseconds or microseconds with conventional carbon fiber semi-finished products.

Accordingly, it is advantageous if the heating device is designed for the pulsed application of the electrical voltage for the pulsed supply of heat into the fiber material, the control device of the fiber-bending system being set up to use the pulsed device To control the heat supply as a function of the recorded movement information of the fiber material. It is advantageous if such a heat supply pulse has a duration of less than one second, preferably less than 0.1 seconds.

The duration of the heat supply pulse can be predefined, while the triggering times at which the respective heat supply pulse is to be triggered by applying the electrical voltage are based on the distance traveled or on the basis of a material speed, i.e. based on movement information.

In the case of particularly fast deposition processes, the heat supply pulses are advantageously controlled via the determined material path, since this can be carried out quickly, reliably and efficiently. In addition to this, it is also conceivable that the pulses are designed to be temperature-controlled. For example, if the target temperature falls below a certain value, a heat supply pulse is triggered. Because the energy content of a heat supply pulse can be controlled very finely over its set duration, a single pulse can increase the material temperature as required. This can be done in addition to the heat supply pulses controlled according to the movement information.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the fiber-bending system is designed to detect at least one parameter of the energization section, the control device of the fiber-bending system being set up to supply heat to the fiber material by controlling the application of the electrical voltage to the fiber material as a function of the electrical detected To control parameters of the fiber material.

In the case of a heat supply pulse, for example, the electrical parameters (voltage drop over the measuring section and / or current) can be measured and further heat supply pulses can then be optimized on the basis of the measurement data (for example pulse duration or frequency of the pulsed heat supply). This can enable the meat parameters to be adapted very quickly to natural process fluctuations. The total resistance prevailing within the meat section gives conclusions about the energy converted into heat in the material. If an increased resistance is sensed, this usually means that less energy in the material Heat was converted. Accordingly, the pulse duration can be increased or a further heat supply pulse is triggered (increase in frequency).

In a further advantageous embodiment, a preheating device is provided, which is arranged in the conveying direction of the fiber material in front of the pickling device and is designed to preheat the fiber material before the actual heating. In this way it can be achieved that the fiber material is preheated to a temperature below the actual target temperature (e.g. melting temperature in the case of thermoplastics). The target temperature can then be generated directly in front of the deposit in the deposit head by a last heat supply pulse with a low energy content.

Different energy stores can be connected to the contact areas with which energy pulses can be introduced into the material. For example, a first pulse comes from an energy storage device with voltage level 1 (e.g. 60 VDC) and a second pulse follows from an energy storage device with a lower voltage level 2 (e.g. 30VDC) and it could continue. A "switch" eg MOSFET) can be switched by two or more different pulse generators. This can e.g. lead to faster or simpler flardware solutions for the control / regulation. When activated, pulse generator 1 switches e.g. Always a pulse with a length of 800 microseconds while pulse generator 2 activates a pulse with 300 microseconds.

The invention also encompasses the aspect that, instead of the movement measuring device for detecting movement information, a temperature measuring device is provided, which is set up for recording temperature information or information that allows a conclusion to be drawn about the temperature when the fiber material is continuously placed on the tool by the fiber head. The control device of the fiberizing system is then set up to receive the temperature information of the fiber material detected by the temperature measuring device and to control the heat supply of the meat device into the fiber material during the laying down as a function of the detected temperature information of the fiber material. It is also encompassed by the present invention that the fiberizing system has both a movement measuring device and a temperature measuring device, the control device then being designed such that the temperature information of the fiber material acquired by the temperature measuring device and the movement information of the fiber material acquired by the movement measuring device to obtain and then to control the heat supply of the pickling device into the fiber material during the deposition as a function of the detected temperature information and as a function of the detected movement information of the fiber material. Accordingly, one aspect of the present invention is a fiber-laying system for depositing fiber material for the production of a fiber preform, from which a fiber composite component can be produced by curing a matrix material embedding the fiber material of the fiber pre-form, the fiber fiber plant comprising:

A fiber head, which is designed to deposit fiber material on a tool,

a fiber transport device which is designed to transport the fiber material from a fiber material store to the fiber laying head of the fiber laying system,

a temperature measuring device which is set up to record temperature information or information which allows a conclusion to be drawn about the temperature when the fiber material is continuously deposited on the tool by the fiber laying head, characterized in that the fiber-laying system has a control device , which is set up to receive the temperature information of the fiber material detected by the temperature measuring device and to control the heat supply of the heating device into the fiber material during the deposition as a function of the detected temperature information of the fiber material.

Another aspect of the present invention is a method for depositing fiber material for producing a fiber preform, from which by curing a a fiber composite component is to be produced, the fiber material of the matrix material embedding the fiber preform, the method comprising the following steps:

Transporting fiber material from a fiber material storage to a fiberizing head by means of a fiber transport device of a fiber laying plant,

Depositing the transported fiber material on a tool by means of the fiber laying head;

Acquiring temperature information of the fiber material by means of a temperature measuring device during the continuous transport of the fiber material; and

Heating the fiber material within a meat area by means of a meat device during the continuous transport of the fiber material,

characterized in that the recorded temperature information is transmitted to a control device, the control device controlling the heat supply of the pickling device into the fiber material as a function of the recorded temperature information of the fiber material.

It is conceivable, for example, that when the temperature exceeds or falls below a threshold value, which is recognized by the temperature measuring device, an electrical energy pulse is triggered by the pickling device, which is triggered accordingly by the control device, so as to introduce heat into the material to generate. When the temperature is detected, the temperature measuring device can determine how many electrical pulses have to be triggered in order to reach the desired target temperature. This presupposes that it is known how large the temperature increase per electrical pulse is.

According to the invention, temperature information is also used in all embodiments of the present invention instead of movement information. used to be able to control the heat input during the continuous laying down of fiber material accordingly. It is certainly also advantageous if both temperature and movement information are recorded and the control is based on temperature and movement information.

The invention is explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:

Figure 1 - Schematic representation of a fiber head;

Figure 2 - Schematic representation of an embodiment with a

Strand fiber material;

Figure 3 - Schematic representation of an embodiment with several

Fiber strands.

FIG. 1 shows, in a highly simplified manner, the internal structure of a fiber head 1 in a schematic illustration. A fiber material 2 is fed to the fiber head 1, which is then to be placed on a tool 100 with the aid of a pressure roller 3 of the fiber head 1. For this purpose, the fiber material 2 is guided through the fiber laying head 1 in such a way that it finally arrives at the pressure roller 3 and is guided thereon so that the pressure roller 3 can press the fiber material 2 onto the tool 100. The fiber material 2 consequently runs between the pressure roller 3 and the tool 100. For this purpose, the fiberizing head 1 has a plurality of guide elements 4, which in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 are in the form of pairs of rollers or rollers.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1, the fiberizing head 1 furthermore has an optional cutting device 5 with which fiber material 2 can be severed in front of the pressure roller 3. In this way, the fiber material 2 supplied in the form of quasi-endless fiber bands can be cut to a desired length or at the end of the tool 100.

The fiber head 1 also has a heating device 6 in order to be able to heat the fiber material 2 shortly before it is placed on the tool 100 by means of the pressure roller 3. The structure of the heating device 6 will be discussed in detail later.

Furthermore, the schematically shown fiberizing head 1 of FIG. 1 has at least one optical sensor 7, which can be part of a movement measuring device. The motion measuring device can also in front of the Cutting device 5 have a further optional optical sensor 7a in order to also be able to detect a movement in front of the cutting device 5.

The optical sensor 7 is designed such that it is set up to record movement information of the fiber material when the fiber material is continuously deposited on the tool by the fiberizing head.

The optical sensor 7 can advantageously be designed for contactless detection of the material speed or the material path covered. For this purpose, the optical sensor 7 has an imaging sensor chip which, for example, can be constructed from a pixel array of a digital image sensor. In this way, the material surface of the fiber material 2 is recorded, namely continuously with a predetermined frequency of, for example, 1000 flz, the images of two recordings then being compared with one another using a computing unit (DSP: digital signal processor) provided in the optical sensors 7 , On the basis of the comparison, a material shift of the fiber material or the fiber material surface between a first and a second recording time is then recognized, from which the material speed or the distance traveled by the material can then be determined.

The fiber-bending system, of which the fiber-fiber head 1 is a component, furthermore has a control device 10 which can be provided in the fiber-fiber head 1 or can be a component of the overall control system of the entire fiber-fiber system. The control device 10 now receives the movement information recorded by the optical sensors 7, for example the material speed or the distance covered, and then controls the pickling device in such a way that the heat supply of the pickling device 6 into the fiber material 2 during the deposition as a function of the Optical sensors 7 detected movement information of the fiber material is controlled. In particular, the heating power, the slicing time, a frequency with a pulsed supply of heat and the heating times can be predetermined by the control device 10 of the slicing device 6, as a result of which the heat supply as a whole is controlled accordingly. FIG. 2 shows a possible diagram of a path-controlled heat supply, as can be implemented directly within the fiber head 1. The control device 10 is connected in terms of signal technology to a displacement sensor 11 which, unlike an optical sensor from FIG. 1, detects the path covered by the fiber material 2 with contact. However, it is certainly also conceivable that an optical sensor 7, as is known from FIG. 1, is used instead of the displacement sensor 11.

Furthermore, the fiber material is electrically contacted with an electrode 12a and a counterelectrode 12b, which can be designed, for example, in the form of guide rollers. The electrode 12a and the counter electrode 12b form part of the pickling device 6.

An energy store 13, which can be designed, for example, in the form of a capacitor array, is charged via an energy source 20 connected to the pickling device 6. The energy source 20 is preferably constructed bidirectionally and can also empty the energy store 13 again if required. Alternatively, another device is to be provided which enables the energy store to be discharged, since this is intended to store large amounts of energy and should not be discharged in an uncontrolled manner.

A current supply section 14 is formed between the electrode 12a and the counter electrode 12b, within which a current flow is effected when a corresponding electrical voltage is applied to the electrode 12a and the counter electrode 12b. For this purpose, the electrode 12a is connected via a switch 15 to the energy store 13 in the form of a positive pole, and is accordingly separated from it when no heat is supplied, while the counter electrode 12b is connected to the ground line of the energy store 13 or the energy source 20.

If the switch 15 is closed, a current flow is effected in the energization section 14, which acts in the manner of a resistance heater and heats the fiber material accordingly within the energization section 14. When the switch is opened, the circuit is interrupted and no current flows through the energization section 14. The control device 10 determines how long the switch 15 is closed and how long it remains closed and thus causes a current to flow in the current supply section 14. Via the transducer 11, this receives the information of how much material has already been conveyed or withdrawn since a certain point in time. For example, the switch 15 is closed every 10 mm, thus triggering a heat supply pulse. If the semi-finished fiber 2 is pulled off, for example, a total of 24 mm, a total of two pulses are released. The duration of a pulse depends, for example, on what temperature should be reached by the pulse, how much and what kind of material is within the heating section and to what voltage level the energy store has been charged.

Another input parameter can be the measured temperature of the semi-finished fiber product, which can be determined with the aid of a temperature sensor 16. The pulse parameters can e.g. can be adjusted automatically by the control device 10 if the temperature of the semi-finished product is measured after a pulse and is compared with a target value.

Furthermore, an electrical measuring device 17 can be provided, with which the total resistance of the heating section can be determined and thereby serves as input for the control device 10. The electrical data (voltage / current / resistance) are evaluated for each pulse and compared with a target variable. The parameters for the next current pulse as an equivalent for the heat supply pulse are then adjusted accordingly. Such a measuring pulse could always take place shortly before the actual heating pulse for the purpose of optimization.

FIG. 3 shows an arrangement of a multi-tow system in which a plurality of individual strands or slivers are laid in parallel. To simplify the illustration, the individual slivers to be laid in parallel are shown side by side.

In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3, the molding tool 100 is designed as a counter electrode and thus represents the common ground or the common ground connection for all individual fiber strands. A displacement sensor 11 a-11 c is provided for each individual fiber strand 2a-2c, which individually detects the respective movement information for each individual strand. The displacement transducers 11 a and 11 c can of course also be designed in the form of optical sensors.

Furthermore, each individual strand 2a-2c is connected to a respective electrode 12aa- 12ac, in order to be able to effect an individual current flow within the respective fiber strand 2a-2c in a targeted manner for each individual fiber strand 2a-2c.

Each of the electrodes 12aa-12ac is connected to an energy store 13 in such a way that each electrode can be switched separately. For this purpose, a control module 10a-10c is provided for each fiber strand 2a-2c, which is connected to a corresponding switch, as shown in FIG. 2.

If the distance is now measured in the first fiber strand 2a with the aid of the displacement transducer 11a and it is determined by the control module 10a that a new current pulse can be caused to heat up, a circuit is closed with the corresponding switch in such a way that a current flow is caused by the fiber strand 2a between the electrode 12aa and the common ground 100. This pulse leads to heating of the fiber material 2a in the respective energization section 14a.

Accordingly, in a multi-tow system or other systems which can lay several fiber strands in parallel, a separate energization section 14a-14c is formed for each fiber strand, through which a current flow can be effected in order to individually and independently of the fiber material to be able to heat up others.

The arrangement of the control modules 10a-10c shown in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3 is shown only by way of example. Of course, it is also conceivable that this can be done via a single higher-level controller. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 fiber head

2 fiber material

3 pinch roller

4 guide elements

5 cutting device

6 slicing device

7 optical sensor of a motion measuring device 10 control device

1 1 displacement sensor of a motion measuring device 12a electrode

12b counter electrode

13 energy source

14 energizing section

15 switches

16 temperature sensor

17 electrical measuring device

20 energy source

100 mold

Claims

claims:

1. Fiber-laying system for depositing fiber material (2) for producing a fiber preform, from which a fiber composite component can be produced by curing a matrix material embedding the fiber material (2) of the fiber preform, the fiber-bending system having:

a fiberizing head (1), which is designed for depositing fiber material (2) on a tool (100),

a fiber transport device which is designed to transport the fiber material (2) from a fiber material store to the fiber laying head (1) of the fiber laying plant,

a movement measuring device which is set up to record movement information of the fiber material (2) when the fiber material (2) is continuously deposited on the tool (100) by the fiberizing head (1), and

a meat device (6) which is set up to heat the fiber material (2) in a meat area when the fiber material (2) is continuously deposited on the tool (100) by the fiber laying head (1),

characterized in that the fiberizing system has a control device (10) which is set up to receive the movement information of the fiber material (2) detected by the motion measuring device and the heat supply of the meat device (6) into the fiber material (2) during the laying down in To control depending on the detected movement information of the fiber material (2).

2. Fiber-bending system according to claim 1, characterized in that the movement measuring device for detecting a material speed and / or of a material path covered is set up as movement information of the fiber material (2), the control device (10) being set up to heat the heating device (6) into the fiber material (2) as a function of the detected material speed and / or the detected distance traveled. to control th material path of the fiber material (2).

3. Fiber-bending system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fiber-bending system has at least one temperature sensor (16) for detecting the temperature of the fiber material (2) outside or inside the heating area of the heating device (6), the control device (10) also being switched on - Is directed to control the heat supply of the heating device (6) in the fiber material (2) depending on the measured temperature of the fiber material (2).

4. A fiber-bending system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber-bending system is designed for storing fiber material (2) consisting of a plurality of individual strands.

the movement measuring device is designed to capture respective movement information individually for each individual strand or a group of individual strands,

the heating device (6) for heating the individual strands or a group of individual strands is designed individually and independently of one another,

- Wherein the control device (10) of the fiber-bending plant is set up, the heat supply of the heating device (6) for each individual strand or a group of individual strands individually and independently of one another depending on the detected movement information of the respective single strand or the group of individual strands Taxes.

5. Fiber-laying system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating device (6) is designed for the pulsed supply of heat into the fiber material (2), the control device (10) of the fiber-laying plant being set up for the pulsed heat supply to be controlled as a function of the detected movement information of the fiber material (2).

6. Fiber-bending plant according to claim 4 and 5, characterized in that the heating device (6) for the pulsed supply of heat is designed individually in a respective single strand or a group of single strands, the control device (10) being set up for the pulsed heat supply of each individual strand or to control each group of individual strands individually and independently of one another as a function of the detected movement information of the respective single strand or the group of single strands.

7. Fibrous plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating device (6) has at least one electrode (12a) which is connected to an electrical energy source (13) and which is connected to the electrically conductive fiber material (2) when the Fiber material (2) is electrically contacted and cooperates with a counter electrode (12b) which also electrically contacts the electrically conductive fiber material (2) in such a way that in a current supply formed by the electrical contacting of the at least one electrode (12a) and at least one counter electrode (12b) - Cut (14) causes a current flow to heat the fiber material (2) when an electrical voltage is applied to the electrode (12a) and / or counter-electrode (12b), the control device (10) being set up to supply the heat into the fiber material (2) by controlling the application of the electrical voltage as a function of the detected movement i to control the formation of the fiber material (2).

8. A fiber-bending system according to claim 7, characterized in that the control device (10) of the fiber-bending system is set up to control the application of the electrical voltage in such a way that the level of the electrical voltage, the time of application of the electrical voltage, the duration of the applied electrical voltage and / or the time interval between two energization phases is controlled to control the heat supply.

9. fiber bending plant according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the heating device (6) for pulsed application of the electrical voltage to the pulsed heat supply is formed in the fiber material (2), the control device (10) of the fiber bending system being set up to control the pulsed heat supply as a function of the detected movement information of the fiber material (2).

10. A fiber-bending system according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the fiber-bending system is designed to detect at least one electrical parameter of the energization section, the control device (10) of the fiber-bending system being set up to supply heat to the fiber material (2 ) by controlling the application of the electrical voltage as a function of the detected electrical parameter of the fiber material (2).

11. Fibrous plant according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a preheating device is provided, which is arranged in the conveying direction of the fiber material (2) in front of the pickling device (6) and designed to preheat the fiber material (2) before the actual heating is.

12. A method for depositing fiber material (2) for producing a fiber preform from which a fiber composite component is to be produced by curing a matrix material embedding the fiber material (2) of the fiber preform, the method comprising the following steps:

- Transporting fiber material (2) from a fiber material storage to a fiberizing head (1) by means of a fiber transport device of a fiber laying system;

- Placing the transported fiber material (2) by means of the fiber head on a tool (100);

- Detection of movement information of the fiber material (2) by means of a movement measuring device during the continuous transport of the fiber material (2); and

Heating the fiber material (2) within a meat area by means of a meat device during the continuous transport of the fiber material (2), characterized in that the recorded movement information is transmitted to a control device (10), the control device (10) controlling the heat supply of the heating device (6) into the fiber material (2) as a function of the detected movement information of the fiber material (2) becomes.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that by means of at least one temperature sensor (16) the temperature of the fiber material (2) outside or within the heating area of the heating device (6) is detected, whereby by means of the control device (10) Heat supply of the heating device (6) in the fiber material (2) is controlled depending on the measured temperature of the fiber material (2).

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that a

A plurality of individual fiber strands are laid in parallel by means of the fiber-bending system,

movement information is recorded by means of the movement measuring device for each individual strand or a group of individual strands,

- Each individual strand or a group of individual strands can be heated individually and independently of one another by means of the heating device (6), and

- The control device (10) controls the heat supply of the heating device (6) for each individual strand or a group of individual strands individually and independently of one another as a function of the detected movement information of the respective single strand or the group of individual strands becomes.

15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that by means of the heating device (6) there is a pulsed supply of heat into the fiber material (2), with the control device (10) the pulsed heat supply depending on the detected movement information of the fiber material (2) is controlled.

16. The method according to claim 14 and 15, characterized in that by means of the heating device (6) individually for each individual strand or a group of individual strands there is a pulsed heat supply, with the control device (10) the pulsed heat supply of each individual strand or each group of individual strands is controlled individually and independently of one another depending on the recorded movement information of the respective single strand or the group of individual strands.

17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the electrically conductive fiber material (2) with at least one electrode (12a) and at least one counter electrode (12b) is electrically contacted, in one of the at least by the electrical contact an electrode section (12a) and at least one counterelectrode section (12b) forms a current flow for heating the fiber material (2) by applying an electrical voltage to the electrode (12a) and / or counterelectrode (12b) The heat supply into the fiber material (2) is controlled by the control device (10) by controlling the application of the electrical voltage as a function of the detected movement information of the fiber material (2).

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that by means of the control device (10) the level of the electrical voltage, the time at which the electrical voltage is applied, the duration of the electrical voltage applied and / or the time interval between two energization phases Controlling the heat input is controlled.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that by means of the heating device (6) there is a pulsed application of the electrical voltage for the pulsed supply of heat into the fiber material (2), the pulsed heat supply being carried out by means of the control device (10) is controlled as a function of the detected movement information of the fiber material (2).

20. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 19, characterized in that at least one electrical parameter of the energization section is detected , the heat supply into the fiber material (2) being controlled by means of the control device (10) by controlling the application of the electrical voltage as a function of the detected electrical parameter of the fiber material (2).