EP3820629A1 - Procédé de formation d'un film organique polymerique a la surface d'un substrat metallique mettant en ?uvre un gel - Google Patents
Procédé de formation d'un film organique polymerique a la surface d'un substrat metallique mettant en ?uvre un gelInfo
- Publication number
- EP3820629A1 EP3820629A1 EP19791310.6A EP19791310A EP3820629A1 EP 3820629 A1 EP3820629 A1 EP 3820629A1 EP 19791310 A EP19791310 A EP 19791310A EP 3820629 A1 EP3820629 A1 EP 3820629A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tetrafluoroborate
- gel
- substrate
- film
- chosen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
- B05D7/142—Auto-deposited coatings, i.e. autophoretic coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2202/00—Metallic substrate
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for forming a polymeric organic film of the polyarylene type on the surface of a specific metallic substrate which does not require the intervention of an electrochemical cell and / or of an external electrical initiation, for example, by application of a potential, the formation of the organic film occurring spontaneously by simple contacting between the film precursors and the metal substrate to be coated.
- the process according to the invention which makes it possible to graft a large variety of polymer films onto very diverse surfaces, both in terms of their dimensions and their configuration, is likely to find applications in all fields where the one may wish to endow such surfaces with particular properties such as, for example, corrosion resistance properties, tribological properties, hydrophilic properties or, on the contrary, hydrophobic properties and electrical insulation properties .
- the method according to the invention can also be used to cover the surface of a metal substrate with a polymer film suitable for serving as an adhesion primer for the subsequent fixing, on this same surface, of molecules of interest such as, for example , biologically active substances, for fixing paints in particular in the aeronautical, railway or automobile fields or even for the complexing of metallic element (s) capable of being reduced later to form a layer of metallization.
- molecules of interest such as, for example , biologically active substances
- this process consists in reducing, by application of a cathodic current, the diazonium cations of the aryldiazonium salt, in solution in a solvent, into aryl radicals.
- the aryl radicals thus formed can then react, covalently, with the surface on which the grafting is to be carried out and form an organic layer of aryl groups on this surface.
- These aryl groups can be substituted by one or more functional groups, for example of the nitro type, if the aryl group of the aryl diazonium salt which is used is itself substituted by this or these functional groups.
- a chemical reducing agent of the hypophosphorous acid (H 3 PO 2 ), ascorbic acid, iron powder or hydroquinone type is added to the solution of aryldiazonium salt.
- aryldiazonium salt has proven to be an interesting way to functionalize a wide range of carbon materials including, in particular, carbon nanotubes (CNT) as well as metals such as gold, platinum and nickel, however, it leads to the formation of organic films whose thickness is generally less than a few tens of nanometers and sometimes only corresponds to a bilayer of aryl groups.
- CNT carbon nanotubes
- metals such as gold, platinum and nickel
- the inventors therefore set themselves the goal of providing a process which makes it possible to form a polymeric film, and more specifically, a polyarylene type polymeric film on a specific metal substrate, which does not require the assistance of '' an electrochemical cell for the application of a current and which allows, moreover, the obtaining of a localized polymeric film without requiring a stage of saving or masking of the parts of substrate which must not be coated of the film.
- the invention relates to a process for forming a polymeric film of the polyarylene type on all or part of a metal substrate, characterized in that the film is formed spontaneously by the simple fact of bringing the or the parts of the substrate to be coated with the film with a gel comprising at least one aryl diazonium salt and at least one gelling agent and characterized in that the metallic substrate is a reducing metallic substrate.
- the formation of a polymeric film of the polyarylene type is carried out by simple contacting of the part or parts of a reducing metallic substrate which it is desired to coat with a gel comprising at least at least one aryl diazonium salt and at least one gelling agent.
- a gel comprising at least at least one aryl diazonium salt and at least one gelling agent.
- simple brought into contact it is understood that the film is formed by the simple fact of this contacting, that is to say without reduction treatment other than bringing the gel into contact with the reducing metallic substrate , for example, without the need for the application of an external reduction potential (i.e., for example, by means of an electrochemical cell connected to the substrate to be coated) or of another reduction treatment, such as '' UV or visible irradiation treatment.
- the gel can be integrated into different application devices (for example, an application pen, a tube or a device of the "roll-on” type) and can have its composition adapted depending on the needs and the desired result (for example, by the choice of the gelling agent (s), the aryl diazonium salt (s), the aryl diazonium salt concentration (s), the duration of contacting);
- the gel brought into contact a first time can be removed after having acted and repositioned on another part or on another place of the same part , this withdrawal and repositioning can be reiterated, as soon as the initial concentration of the gel in active species (in this case, here, the aryldiazonium salt or salts) is sufficient.
- active species in this case, here, the aryldiazonium salt or salts
- the invention uses a gel comprising at least one aryl diazonium salt and at least one gelling agent for the spontaneous formation of a film on the surface of a reducing metallic substrate.
- a chemical system consisting of a three-dimensional network consisting of gelling agent (s) (which can also be qualified as compound (s) with property (colloidal) forming a matrix (which constitutes a solid continuous phase), within which a liquid phase is trapped (in this case, the liquid phase trapped within the matrix comprises, conventionally, according to the invention, the aryldiazonium salt).
- the gels used in the process of the invention can comprise, as gelling agent (s) (or compound (s) with colloidal property (s)):
- polysaccharides for example, chosen from agaroses, chitosans, xanthans, carrageenans, guar gums and mixtures thereof;
- the gelling agent or agents used for implementing the method of the invention are polysaccharides of the guar gum family or are gelatins.
- the amount of gelling agents will be chosen as a function of the viscosity desired for the gel, which may in particular be dependent on the deposition technique adopted for bringing the gel into contact with the metal substrate, at the surface of which one wishes to form a film.
- the liquid phase included in the gel conventionally comprises one or more solvents, in which the aryliazonium salt or salts are conventionally dissolved.
- the solvent (s) can be organic solvents, water and mixtures thereof.
- the liquid phase included in the gel can consist of an acidic aqueous solution comprising the aryliazonium salt (s), advantageously, in a dissolved form.
- an acidic aqueous solution mention may be made of an aqueous solution comprising at least one strong acid and, more particularly, a mineral acid, such as:
- the sulfuric acid H 2 S0 4 in particular when the reducing metal substrate is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy;
- hydrochloric acid mixed with sulfuric acid especially when the reducing metal substrate is made of iron or an iron alloy;
- reducing metallic substrate is made of titanium or titanium alloy
- -nitric acid sulfuric acid, mixtures of nitric acid and sulfuric acid, chromic acid, phosphoric acid, especially when the metal substrate is made of magnesium or magnesium alloy.
- an acidic aqueous solution in addition to facilitating the solubilization of the aryldiazonium salt (s), may help to remove, if where appropriate, the passivation layer existing on the surface of the reducing metal substrate, which passivation layer is conventionally an oxide layer formed spontaneously when the reducing metal substrate is exposed to air and can thus hinder the formation of the film.
- the aryldiazonium salt which is chosen in particular as a function of the end use of the metal substrate and of the possible functionalities which it is desired to bring to this substrate by the polyarylene film, can be any salt of formula + N 2 -Ar, X in which:
- Ar represents an aryl group, this aryl group possibly comprising one or more aromatic or heteroaromatic rings condensed or not, this cycle or at least one of these cycles possibly being mono- or polysubstituted;
- X represents a monovalent anion
- the substituent or substituents carried by the aromatic ring or at least one of the aromatic rings of the aryl group can be chosen from very numerous chemical groups among which mention may, for example, be made of alkyl or haloalkyl groups of the type chloro- or fluoroalkyls, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, nitro, cyano, aldehyde, hydroxyl, ketone, carbonyl, carboxyl, ester, ether, amine, amide, nitrile, sulfonic, halogen atoms.
- the group Ar represents a phenyl group optionally substituted by at least one substituent chosen from alkyl, haloalkyl groups of the chloro- or fluoroalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, nitro, cyano, aldehyde, hydroxyl, ketone, carbonyl, carboxyl or ester type, ether, amine, amide, nitrile, sulfonic, halogen atoms, the substituent being, for example, a nitro group.
- the group Ar can represent a phenyl group substituted by at least one nitro group.
- X is an inorganic anion such as a halide ion such as a bromide ion (Br), iodide (I) or chloride (CI), a tetrahalogenoborate ion such as a tetrafluoroborate ion (BF 4 ), a hydrogen sulfate ion (HS0 4 ), a dihydrogen phosphate ion (FhPCV), a nitrate ion (NO 3 ) or a chlorate ion (CIO3-).
- a halide ion such as a bromide ion (Br), iodide (I) or chloride (CI)
- a tetrahalogenoborate ion such as a tetrafluoroborate ion (BF 4 ), a hydrogen sulfate ion (HS0 4 ), a dihydrogen phosphate ion (FhPCV), a
- aryldiazonium salts which may be used, mention may be made of phenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate, 4-methylphenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate, 4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluorobrate, 4-carboxyphenyldiazor tetrafluoroborate, tetrafluoretrafluoride carboxymethylphenyldiazonium, 4-chloromethylphenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate, 4-bromophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate, tetrafluoroborate
- the aryl group of the aryldiazonium salt is a phenyl group, optionally carrying one or more substituents, whereby the polyarylene film which is grafted is a film of a polyphenylene.
- the aryl group of the aryldiazonium salt is a phenyl group substituted by a nitro group, in which case the film formed is a film of a poly (nitrophenylene).
- the substrate on the surface of which a polymeric film of the polyarylene type is formed, is a reducing metallic substrate, that is to say a substrate comprising one or more metallic elements, at least one of which of these metallic elements is capable of reducing the aryliazonium salt or salts.
- a reducing metal substrate suitable for implementing the invention can be a substrate comprising (or consisting of) aluminum, titanium, magnesium, zinc, copper, iron, manganese, cobalt, nickel and alloys thereof.
- it may specifically be aluminum alloys, copper and zinc alloys (such as brass) or iron alloys (such as stainless steels ).
- the duration of contacting can be chosen by a person skilled in the art so as to obtain the desired film, the obtaining of the film being able to be verified by analysis techniques such as infrared spectroscopy.
- the gel is brought into contact with the reducing metallic substrate by any deposition techniques compatible with a gel and, in particular, by one of the following techniques:
- doctor blade coating also known by the English name “doctor blade coating”
- an application system of the “roll-on” type (which can also be called a ball applicator, it being understood that the ball is the gel dispensing element);
- the contacting can be carried out by prior cutting of a part formed from said gel and the deposition of said part on the surface of the substrate, on which it is desired to obtain the formation of a film.
- the method of the invention may also comprise a prior step of preparation of the gel comprising a step of bringing the different constituent ingredients of the gel into contact, the methods of this contact being dependent on the ingredients used (in particular, the nature of the 'gelling agent used).
- the preparation can comprise, for example, the following operations:
- an operation for preparing an acidic aqueous solution comprising the aryliazonium salt (s);
- the preparation of the gel can comprise, for example, the following operations:
- an operation for preparing an acidic aqueous solution comprising the aryliazonium salt (s);
- the prepared gels can advantageously be stored in a cold enclosure, for example, a refrigerator.
- the formation of the film (s) on the surface of the reducing metal substrate according to the method of the invention results in a grafting covalent, that is to say a grafting which involves the formation of covalent bonds between the polyarylene film and the reducing metallic substrate.
- the film or films coating, in whole or in part, the substrate can serve as a primary adhesion layer, that is to say a layer which will allow, thanks to the chemical groups which they carry the adhesion of another layer. More specifically, the film or films can serve as a primary adhesion layer for the application of a paint.
- the film or films coating, in whole or in part, the substrate can also perform the function of complexing layer of metallic element (s), since this or these films comprise at least one organic group capable of complexing (for example, a carboxyl or carboxylate group) the desired metallic element or elements.
- the metal element (s) thus complexed can then be reduced to form a metallization layer on the surface of the film (s).
- FIGS. 1 to 3 represent IR spectra illustrating the evolution of the transmittance T (in%) as a function of the number of N waves (in cm 4 ), these spectra being obtained in the context of the implementation of examples 1 and 2 presentations below.
- This example illustrates the formation of a poly (4-nitrophenylene) film on the surface of an aluminum alloy substrate in accordance with the process of the invention, the reagents and objects used being the following: -4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate;
- a substrate made of an aluminum alloy known as an AI2024 alloy.
- the AI2024 alloy is a high tensile strength alloy, generally used in the aeronautical field and considered as ideal for shaping and machining.
- composition of this alloy is as follows:
- 4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate in powder form (876.6 mg for IL) is added to a 1 M aqueous sulfuric acid solution (1 L), the concentration of 4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate being thus 3.7 * 10 3 M.
- the resulting mixture is passed through ultrasound for 10 minutes.
- the gelling agent of the guar gum type (16 g for IL) is added gradually, at room temperature and manually using a spatula.
- the gel obtained is then applied with a spatula at the rate of approximately 0.2 ml / cm 2 to the substrate made of AI2024 alloy and left to stand for 5 minutes.
- the substrate thus coated is then thoroughly rinsed with water and then dried under compressed air.
- the substrate thus treated is characterized by infrared spectroscopy, the spectrum obtained being illustrated by Figure 1 attached. It emerges from this spectrum, two intense bands at 1350 and 1520 cm 1 characteristic of the presence of nitro-NO 2 groups and another band at 1600 cm 1 characteristic of the presence of phenyl groups. This spectrum confirms the presence of a poly (4-nitrophenyl) film on the surface of the substrate.
- the substrate is then passed through ultrasound for 5 minutes in ethanol.
- an IR spectrum is again recorded as illustrated by FIG. 2 attached in the appendix. It remains unchanged compared to the previous spectrum, which attests to the fact that the film is not physisorbed but is grafted covalently to the substrate.
- This example illustrates the formation of a poly (4-nitrophenylene) film on the surface of an aluminum alloy substrate in accordance with the process of the invention, the reagents and objects used being the following:
- gelatin as a gelling agent, gelatin
- 4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate in powder form (876.6 mg for IL) is added to a 1 M aqueous sulfuric acid solution (1 L), the concentration of 4-nitrophenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate being thus 3.7 * 10 3 M.
- the resulting mixture is passed through ultrasound for 10 minutes.
- the gelling agent of the gelatin type (18.9 g for IL) is immersed in cold water for 5 minutes to hydrate it. It is then drained and added to the previous mixture at 40 ° C. Manual mixing is carried out with a spatula and the whole is placed in the refrigerator for 3 hours.
- the gel obtained is then applied with a spatula at the rate of approximately 0.2 ml / cm 2 to an AI2024 alloy substrate and left to stand for 5 minutes.
- the substrate thus coated is then thoroughly rinsed with water and then dried under compressed air.
- the substrate thus treated is characterized by infrared spectroscopy, the spectrum obtained being illustrated by Figure 3 attached. It emerges from this spectrum, two intense bands at 1350 and 1520 cm 1 characteristic of the presence of nitro-NO 2 groups and another band at 1600 cm 1 characteristic of the presence of phenyl groups. This spectrum confirms the presence of a poly (4-nitrophenyl) film on the surface of the substrate.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1856296A FR3083546B1 (fr) | 2018-07-09 | 2018-07-09 | Procede de formation d'un film organique polymerique a la surface d'un substrat metallique mettant en œuvre un gel |
| PCT/FR2019/051692 WO2020012102A1 (fr) | 2018-07-09 | 2019-07-08 | Procédé de formation d'un film organique polymerique a la surface d'un substrat metallique mettant en œuvre un gel |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3820629A1 true EP3820629A1 (fr) | 2021-05-19 |
| EP3820629C0 EP3820629C0 (fr) | 2024-11-27 |
| EP3820629B1 EP3820629B1 (fr) | 2024-11-27 |
Family
ID=65031393
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19791310.6A Active EP3820629B1 (fr) | 2018-07-09 | 2019-07-08 | Procédé de formation d'un film organique polymerique a la surface d'un substrat metallique mettant en oeuvre un gel |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3820629B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3083546B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2020012102A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2916766B1 (fr) * | 2007-06-01 | 2009-09-11 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de formation d'un film organique mettant en oeuvre un gel, ledit gel et son utilisation. |
| FR2973036B1 (fr) * | 2011-03-22 | 2013-04-26 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de preparation d'un film organique a la surface d'un support solide par transfert ou par projection |
| FR2991887B1 (fr) * | 2012-06-19 | 2014-07-18 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de greffage covalent d'un film d'un polyarylene sur une surface conductrice ou semi-conductrice de l'electricite |
| FR3014116A1 (fr) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-05 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Primaire d'adherence pour peinture |
-
2018
- 2018-07-09 FR FR1856296A patent/FR3083546B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-07-08 WO PCT/FR2019/051692 patent/WO2020012102A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2019-07-08 EP EP19791310.6A patent/EP3820629B1/fr active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3083546B1 (fr) | 2022-04-01 |
| FR3083546A1 (fr) | 2020-01-10 |
| EP3820629C0 (fr) | 2024-11-27 |
| WO2020012102A1 (fr) | 2020-01-16 |
| EP3820629B1 (fr) | 2024-11-27 |
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