EP3818194A1 - Method for producing a sealing element on a gas diffusion layer of an electrochemical unit and assembly comprising a gas diffusion layer and a sealing element - Google Patents
Method for producing a sealing element on a gas diffusion layer of an electrochemical unit and assembly comprising a gas diffusion layer and a sealing elementInfo
- Publication number
- EP3818194A1 EP3818194A1 EP19737673.4A EP19737673A EP3818194A1 EP 3818194 A1 EP3818194 A1 EP 3818194A1 EP 19737673 A EP19737673 A EP 19737673A EP 3818194 A1 EP3818194 A1 EP 3818194A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- diffusion layer
- gas diffusion
- injection molding
- deformation limiting
- sealing element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0286—Processes for forming seals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14836—Preventing damage of inserts during injection, e.g. collapse of hollow inserts, breakage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
- B29L2031/3468—Batteries, accumulators or fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a sealing element on a gas diffusion layer of an electrochemical unit.
- Such an electrochemical unit can form part of an electrochemical device, which is designed, for example, as a fuel cell device or as an electrolyzer.
- the electrochemical device preferably comprises a plurality of electrochemical units arranged one above the other in a stacking direction, and preferably two end plates, between which the stack of electrochemical units is arranged and which can be clamped against one another by means of a tensioning device, around the electrochemical units arranged between them, and in particular to apply their sealing elements with a clamping force directed along the stacking direction.
- different media are carried in different levels of an electrochemical unit and, depending on the design, also in different areas of the same level.
- These media can in particular be an anodic fluid (fuel gas), a cathodic fluid (oxidizing agent) and possibly also a fluid coolant.
- the media to be supplied to the electrochemical device are by means of a media distribution structure (also referred to as “manifold”) with medium supply channels and medium discharge channels which extend in the stacking direction of the electrochemical device, the different levels of electrochemical Device supplied or discharged from the various levels of the electrochemical device and each have to be fed from a medium supply channel to the flow field of the medium in question in an electrochemical unit and removed from the flow field again into a medium discharge channel.
- the medium supply channels and medium discharge channels as well as the flow fields must be sealed in order to prevent both leakages in the exterior of the electrochemical device and between the spaces through which the various media flow.
- the media passed through the electrochemical device must neither mix with one another nor emerge from the electrochemical units, which is why seals are required on several levels.
- seals can be implemented, for example, on the basis of elastomer materials.
- the seals can be realized completely or partially by beads in the bipolar plate or by seals based on elastomer materials.
- the bipolar plates can be formed in one piece or comprise at least two individual layers (bipolar plate layers).
- the bipolar plate layers of a multilayer bipolar plate can be connected to one another by joining methods such as welding or gluing.
- a seal can be inserted as a separate component in the stack of electrochemical units or fixed on a bipolar plate or on another component of an electrochemical unit, for example on a gas diffusion layer. If a sealing element is connected directly to a gas diffusion layer, a smooth transition between the seal and the gas diffusion layer is created.
- a membrane pressed between two assemblies, each consisting of a gas diffusion layer and a sealing element, does not experience excessive stress peaks.
- a cell structure with assemblies each consisting of a gas diffusion layer and a sealing element can be constructed very compactly in comparison to a sealing solution with an edge reinforcement arrangement, since no additional space has to be provided for the overlap between the edge reinforcement arrangement and the membrane electrode arrangement.
- the sealing element can be connected to the gas diffusion layer, for example, in an injection molding process.
- a gas diffusion layer is placed in a (preferably multi-part) injection molding tool and overmolded on its outer circumference with a sealing material or injection molding material.
- This penetration area creates a cohesive and / or positive connection between the gas diffusion layer and the sealing element, so that the gas diffusion layer and the sealing element are mechanically sufficiently well connected to one another during the subsequent assembly steps and during operation of the electrochemical device.
- the pores of the gas diffusion layer are filled with the injection molding material, which forms the sealing material after curing, so that in this area the transport of a cathodic fluid or an anodic fluid to the electrochemically active area of the electrochemical unit is made more difficult.
- the penetration area should therefore include as small a part of the gas diffusion layer as possible, but should be sufficiently large to ensure a stable mechanical connection between the gas diffusion layer and the sealing element.
- the gas diffusion layer which is mechanically compressible in its thickness direction (parallel to the stacking direction of the electrochemical device), is pressed locally in the injection mold by means of a pressing edge.
- the capillary pressure in the pores of the gas diffusion layer rises locally, and the penetration of the gas diffusion layer with the injection molding material is limited in the x and y directions perpendicular to the thickness direction (z direction).
- the pressure edge must press the gas diffusion layer with a minimum pressure in order to limit the penetration of the gas diffusion layer with the injection molding material.
- the local compression of the gas diffusion layer by the pressure edge must not be too high, since the gas diffusion layer can be damaged by excessive compression, for example by fiber breakage.
- the degree of penetration of the gas diffusion layer by the injection molding material depends on the local pressure in the respective area of the gas diffusion layer of the injection molding compound in the injection mold.
- the degree of penetration of the gas diffusion layer with the injection molding material depends on the viscosity of the injection molding material, on the temperature of the injection molding tool (which influences, among other things, the viscosity of the injection molding material) and on the properties of the gas diffusion layer in the area of the pressure edge and in remaining area of the gas diffusion layer, in particular of porosity, of tortuosity (that is, of the degree of tortuousness of the transport routes within the gas diffusion layer), of the capillary pressure and of the hydrophobization.
- injection molding material is introduced into the cavity of the injection mold at one injection point or at several injection points and then spreads along flow paths with the formation of a flow front in the cavity.
- the injection points for the injection molding material lie outside the connection area between the sealing element and the gas diffusion layer, it can fold over in this connection area during the filling of the cavity of the injection molding tool with the injection molding material, that is to say a deformation of the gas diffusion layer.
- the gas diffusion layer is brought locally out of its usually flat shape and subjected to bending.
- the gas diffusion layer can be damaged, for example due to breakage, by the bending of the gas diffusion layer in the deformed connection area.
- connection area can be mechanically weakened by the gas diffusion layer protruding into the connection area lying in the thickness direction above the gas diffusion layer, which is also referred to as the connection lip, and thus the flow of (in particular elastomeric) injection molding material prevented in this area. It is then not guaranteed that the cavity of the injection molding tool in the area of the connection lip is completely filled, which increases the risk of mechanical damage to the connection area of the sealing element, in particular due to the formation of cracks.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method for producing a sealing element on a gas diffusion layer of an electrochemical unit of the type mentioned at the outset, in which damage to the gas diffusion layer is avoided and a sealing element with a mechanically stable connection area is produced.
- the injection molding tool comprises at least one deformation limiting element which limits or prevents deformation of the gas diffusion layer during the introduction of the injection molding material into the cavity.
- the present invention is based on the concept of preventing one or more deformation limiting elements in the interior of the cavity of the injection molding tool from preventing the gas diffusion layer from deforming excessively during the introduction of the injection molding material into the cavity of the injection molding tool under the internal mold pressure or injection pressure that occurs. It is hereby achieved that the regions of the cavity lying outside the at least one deformation limiting element are completely filled with the injection molding material. This reduces the risk of mechanical damage to the connection area of the sealing element, in particular cracking.
- the injection mold comprises at least one push-off tool part which has a push-off projection for pressing the gas diffusion layer.
- a push-off edge of the injection mold can in particular be arranged on such a push-off projection.
- the at least one deformation limiting element can be formed separately from the push-off tool part and / or separately from other tool parts of the injection molding tool, in particular separately from a support tool part.
- the at least one deformation limiting element is formed in one piece with a tool part of the injection molding tool, for example in one piece with a push-off tool part.
- the deformation limiting element can be in contact with the push-off projection of the push-off tool part during the introduction of the injection molding material into the cavity of the injection molding tool.
- the deformation limiting element is spaced from the push-off projection of the push-off tool part during the introduction of the injection molding material into the cavity of the injection molding tool.
- the deformation-limiting element can be arranged in a thickness direction of the gas diffusion layer above or below a penetration area of the gas diffusion layer, which is penetrated by the injection molding material during the introduction of the injection molding material into the cavity.
- the at least one deformation limiting element can touch the gas diffusion layer before the injection molding material is introduced into the cavity of the injection molding tool.
- the deformation limiting element can also be spaced from the gas diffusion layer before the injection molding material is introduced into the cavity of the injection molding tool. In this case, deformation of the gas diffusion layer due to the exposure to the injection molding material is reduced.
- a plurality of deformation limiting elements are provided, which are spaced apart from one another along a circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer.
- the distance from two deformation limiting elements which follow one another in the circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer can in particular be less than twice the longitudinal extent of a deformation limiting element along the circumferential direction, in particular less than that
- a single deformation limiting element is provided which extends along the circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer around the gas diffusion layer.
- at least one deformation limiting element is provided which has a height which varies along a circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer and / or whose outer edge has a distance from an outer edge of the gas diffusion layer which varies along a circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer.
- the height of the at least one deformation limiting element can vary, for example, in a wave-like manner or in sections linearly.
- the distance of the outer edge of the at least one deformation limiting element from the outer edge of the gas diffusion layer can vary, for example in a wave-like manner or in sections linearly.
- An outer edge of the at least one deformation-limiting element facing away from the push-off edge of the injection molding tool can, for example, be designed in a wave-like manner or in sections linearly, the linear sections running at an acute angle with respect to the push-off edge.
- At least one deformation limiting element is arranged movably on the relevant part of the injection mold relative to a part of the injection mold and is moved relative to the relevant part of the injection mold by the gas diffusion layer and / or by injection molding to produce the generated sealing element from the relevant part of the injection mold.
- the deformation limiting element can therefore in particular be in the form of a
- Ejectors are used to after injection molding and
- the relevant part of the injection mold can in particular be a push-off tool part of the injection mold, which has a push-off projection for pressing the gas diffusion layer.
- the relevant part of the injection molding tool can, for example, by means of a hydraulic movement device, a pneumatic one
- Movement device are generated.
- the deformation limiting element can be coupled to a plunger, which is moved by means of a movement device relative to the relevant part of the injection mold.
- the plunger can be perpendicular to its direction of movement
- the tappet can be displaceably guided on a part of the injection mold, in particular on a push-off tool part.
- the present invention further relates to an assembly of an electrochemical device, for example a fuel cell device or an electrolyzer, which has a gas diffusion layer and a sealing element fixed to the gas diffusion layer, which has a sealing area lying outwards from an outer edge of the gas diffusion layer and an inward area from the outer edge of the gas diffusion layer includes connection area.
- the present invention has for its object to provide such an assembly in which damage to the gas diffusion layer is avoided during the manufacture of the assembly and which has a mechanically stable connection area.
- connection area is provided with at least one recess on an inner edge of the connection area and / or outwards from the inner edge of the connection area.
- the relevant recess is preferably created in that the region of the recess is occupied by a deformation limiting element, which is arranged in the cavity of the injection molding tool, during the production of the sealing element on the gas diffusion layer.
- the at least one recess has a shape which corresponds to the shape of a deformation limiting element used in the production of the sealing element on the gas diffusion layer.
- the method according to the invention for producing a sealing element on a gas diffusion layer is particularly suitable for producing the assembly according to the invention.
- An electrochemical device which contains an assembly according to the invention can in particular be designed as a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell device.
- support or deformation limiting elements can be introduced in the connection area between a gas diffusion layer and a sealing element in an injection molding tool, which prevent the gas diffusion layer from deforming during an injection process of injection molding material under the mold cavity pressure or injection pressure that occurs.
- the support or deformation limiting elements can be designed in such a way that in the connection area between the gas diffusion layer and the sealing element, only support or deformation limiting elements are provided in certain areas, so that there is sealing material between the individual support or deformation limiting elements a good mechanical connection of the sealing element to the gas diffusion layer ensures.
- Such areas of the connection area of the sealing element provided between the support or deformation limiting elements are referred to as stabilization areas.
- the support or deformation limiting elements can be designed such that an outer edge of the gas diffusion layer is enclosed with sealing material over its entire circumference.
- the support or deformation limiting elements can be designed in such a way that they touch and / or compress the gas diffusion layer in the injection mold.
- connection area between the sealing element and the gas diffusion layer in which the connection lip is interrupted in some areas.
- the transition between the stabilization area and a recess, in which a support or deformation limiting element is arranged when the sealing element is produced from the injection molding material can be embodied discretely, in a wave shape, in a triangular shape or in other shapes.
- the support or deformation limiting elements can be designed such that they do not touch the gas diffusion layer in the injection mold (in particular before the injection molding process), but in the event of the gas diffusion layer being deformed during the injection molding process, they prevent the gas diffusion layer from folding too far.
- the support or deformation limiting elements can be designed such that they protrude beyond an outer edge of the gas diffusion layer.
- the support or deformation limiting elements can be designed such that they do not extend beyond an outer edge of the gas diffusion layer, but are arranged entirely within the region of the cavity of the injection mold that is covered by the gas diffusion layer.
- support or deformation limiting elements can be provided in an injection molding tool, which prevent a gas diffusion layer from folding over during an injection molding process if a sealing element is connected to one or more porous layers, in particular gas diffusion layers, in an injection molding process.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through an injection molding tool and a gas diffusion layer projecting into a cavity of the injection molding tool, a deformed state of the gas diffusion layer caused by the introduction of injection molding material into the cavity being shown in broken lines;
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic section through an injection molding tool which has a plurality of deformation limiting elements which are spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer and which touch the gas diffusion layer before the injection molding material is introduced into the cavity of the injection molding tool and come into contact with an impression projection of an impression - Press tool part of the injection mold.
- FIG. 3 shows a partial plan view from above of an assembly comprising the gas diffusion layer and a sealing element fixed to the gas diffusion layer, which was produced by means of the injection molding tool from FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 shows a partial plan view of an alternative assembly consisting of a gas diffusion layer and a sealing element, which has been produced by means of a deformation limiting element, the outer edge of which has a distance that varies in a wave shape along the circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer from an outer edge of the gas diffusion layer;
- 5 shows a partial plan view of a further assembly consisting of a gas diffusion layer and a sealing element which has been produced by means of a deformation limiting element, the outer edge of which has a linearly varying distance from the outer edge of the gas diffusion layer in sections along the circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer;
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic section through an injection molding tool which comprises a plurality of deformation limiting elements which are spaced apart from one another along the circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer, are spaced apart from a push-off projection of a push-off tool part of the injection molding tool and the gas diffusion layer before the injection molding material is introduced into the cavity of the Touch the injection mold.
- Fig. 7 is a partial plan view of an assembly from a
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic section through an injection molding tool which comprises a deformation limiting element which has a height which varies in a wave-like manner along the circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer, the deformation limiting element in the sectional plane of FIG. 8 having its maximum height and there the Touches the gas diffusion layer before introducing the injection molding material into the cavity of the injection molding tool;
- Fig. 9 is a partial side view of an assembly from a
- Gas diffusion layer and a sealing element which was generated by means of the injection mold from FIG. 8, with the viewing direction in the direction of arrow 9 in FIG. 8;
- 10 is a partial side view corresponding to FIG. 9 of an assembly consisting of a gas diffusion layer and a sealing element which has been produced by means of an injection molding tool which has a plurality of deformation limiting elements which follow one another along the circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer, with two of the gas diffusion successive deformation-limiting elements, a stabilizing region of the sealing element is formed in each case;
- FIG. 11 shows a schematic section through an injection molding tool which comprises a deformation limiting element which has a height which varies in a wave-like manner along the circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer, the maximum height of the deformation limiting element being selected such that the deformation limiting element in front of the gas diffusion layer Introducing the injection molding material into the cavity of the injection molding tool;
- Fig. 12 is a partial side view of an assembly from a
- Fig. 13 is a partial side view of an assembly from a
- Gas diffusion layer and a sealing element which has been produced by means of an injection molding tool which comprises a deformation limiting element which has a height which varies linearly in sections along the circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer, the maximum height of the Deformation limiting element is selected such that the deformation limiting element does not touch the gas diffusion layer before the injection molding material is introduced into the cavity of the injection molding tool;
- FIG. 14 shows a schematic section through an injection molding tool which has a plurality of deformation limiting elements which are spaced apart in a circumferential direction of the gas diffusion layer and which touch the gas diffusion layer before the injection molding material is introduced into the cavity of the injection molding tool and relative to a push-off tool part of the
- Injection mold are movably arranged on the pressing tool part and after the injection molding process and the opening of the injection mold are moved relative to the pressing tool in order to detach the gas diffusion layer and the sealing element produced by injection molding from the pressing tool part, the
- Deformation limiting elements are each coupled to a plunger which is displaceably guided on the push-off tool part and the plunger in a perpendicular to it
- Direction of movement is a smaller direction
- FIG. 15 shows a schematic section through a variant of the injection mold shown in FIG. 14, in which the plungers have the same extent in a direction oriented perpendicular to their direction of displacement as the deformation limiting element coupled to the plunger.
- FIG. 1 A method according to the invention for producing a sealing element 100 on a gas diffusion layer 102 of a (otherwise not shown) membrane-electrode arrangement of an electrochemical device (not shown as a whole), for example a fuel cell device or an electrolyzer, is shown in FIG. 1 ,
- FIG. 1 shows a multi-part injection mold 104 which comprises a push-off tool part 106 and a support tool part 108.
- the gas diffusion layer 102 projects into this cavity 110.
- the push-off tool part 106 has a push-off projection 112 which is provided with a push-off edge 114.
- the gas diffusion layer 102 inserted into the injection mold 104 which is mechanically compressible in its thickness direction 117 (in the assembled state of the electrochemical device parallel to the stacking direction of the electrochemical device) is pressed locally by means of the pressing edge 114.
- the capillary pressure in the pores of the porous gas diffusion layer 102 increases locally, and the penetration of the gas diffusion layer 102 with the
- Injection molding material is limited in the x and y directions perpendicular to the thickness direction (z direction).
- the sealing element 100 When the sealing element 100 is produced by means of an injection molding process in the injection molding tool 104, very high injection pressures occur in the cavity 110 of the injection molding tool 104. If the injection point or the injection points through which the injection molding material is introduced into the cavity 110 lie outside the connection areas between the sealing element 100 and the gas diffusion layer 102, it can occur during the filling of the cavity 110 of the injection molding tool 104 Injection molding material in these connection areas to fold over, that is to say to deform the gas diffusion layer 102.
- the deformed state of the gas diffusion layer 102 caused by the injection molding material introduced into the cavity 110 is shown in broken lines in FIG. 1.
- the gas diffusion layer 102 is locally brought out of its original flat shape and subjected to bending.
- the gas diffusion layer 102 By bending the gas diffusion layer 102 in the deformed connection area, the gas diffusion layer 102 can be damaged, for example by breakage.
- connection area can be mechanically weakened by the gas diffusion layer 102 projecting into the connection area 116 lying in the thickness direction 117 above the gas diffusion layer 102, which is also referred to as the connection lip 118, and thus the flow of (especially elastomeric) injection molding material in this area.
- Sealing material of the sealing element 100 is the production of the sealing element 100 on the gas diffusion layer 102 and thus the formation of an assembly 120 which comprises the gas diffusion layer 102 and the sealing element 100 fixed on the gas diffusion layer 102 and also as a seal-on-GDL unit 122 - is completed.
- the assembly 120 can be used in the assembly of the membrane-electrode arrangement and the assembly of the electrochemical device.
- the sealing element 100 of the finished assembly 120 comprises a sealing area 124 with a sealing lip 126, a penetration area 128, in which the injection molding material has penetrated into the porous material of the gas diffusion layer 102 and which extends from an outer edge 130 of the gas diffusion layer 102 inwards into the Extends the area of the pressing edge 114, and a connection area 116 in the form of a connection lip 118 outside the gas diffusion layer 102, in the thickness direction 117 above and / or below the gas diffusion layer 102.
- a plurality of deformation-limiting elements 132 are provided in the cavity 110 of the injection mold 104, which elements are located in a parallel to the outer edge 130 of the gas diffusion layer 102 and parallel to the pressing edge 114 of the Extraction tool part 106 aligned circumferential direction 134 of the gas diffusion layer 102 are spaced apart.
- the deformation limiting elements 132 are formed separately from the push-off tool part 106 and separately from the support tool part 108 of the injection mold 104 in the exemplary embodiment shown.
- the deformation limiting elements 132 can also be formed in one piece with another component of the injection molding tool 104, for example with the push-off tool part 106 or with the support tool part 108.
- the deformation limiting elements 132 are in contact with the push-off projection 112 of the push-off tool part 106.
- the deformation limiting elements 132 touch the gas diffusion layer 102 on its main surface 136 facing the pressing edge 114 even before the injection molding material is introduced into the cavity 110 of the injection molding tool 104.
- each deformation limiting element 132 facing away from the pressing edge 114 is arranged between the outer edge 130 of the gas diffusion layer 102 on the one hand and the pressing edge 114 of the injection molding tool 104 on the other hand, so that the deformation limiting elements 132 protrude from the area protruding into the cavity 110 of the injection molding tool 104 Do not completely cover gas diffusion layer 102.
- the deformation limiting elements 132 arranged in the connection area between the gas diffusion layer 102 and the sealing element 100 in the injection mold 104 prevent the gas diffusion layer 102 from deforming during the introduction of the injection molding material into the cavity 110 of the injection molding tool 104 under the mold cavity pressure or injection pressure that occurs, as shown in Fig. 1. It is thereby achieved that the areas of the cavity 110 lying outside the deformation limiting elements 132 are completely filled with the injection molding material. This reduces the risk of mechanical damage to the connection area 116 of the sealing element 100, in particular the formation of cracks.
- FIG. 3 which shows a partial plan view of the finished assembly 120 comprising the gas diffusion layer 102 and the sealing element 100 removed from the injection mold 104
- the connection area 116 of the sealing element 100 is due to the presence of the deformation limiting elements 132 in FIG Cavity 110 of the injection mold 104 is provided on an inner edge 140 of the same with recesses 142 which are arranged at the locations at which the deformation-limiting elements 132 were arranged, while the gas diffusion layer 102 was inserted into the injection mold 104.
- the deformation limiting elements 132 have a cross-sectional, in particular semicircular, cross section, taken perpendicular to the thickness direction 117 of the gas diffusion layer 102.
- Stabilization areas 146 are arranged between the recesses 142 in the connection area 116 of the sealing element 100, in which the sealing element 100 has a greater material thickness than in the area of the recesses 142, so that the stabilization areas 146 for a stable mechanical connection of the Provide sealing element 100 to the gas diffusion layer 102.
- the position of the outer edge 130 of the gas diffusion layer 102 is indicated in FIG. 3 by the dash-and-dot line 130.
- the position of the tip of the sealing lip 126 of the sealing element 100 is indicated in FIG. 3 by the broken line 144.
- Stabilization areas 146 are located between the recesses 142, in which the hardened injection molding material of the sealing element 100 ensures a good mechanical connection of the sealing element 100 to the gas diffusion layer 102.
- the outer edge of the gas diffusion layer 102 is enclosed over the entire circumference of the gas diffusion layer 102 with sealing material, that is to say with hardened injection molding material.
- connection region 116 of the sealing element 100 produced in this way comprises an inner edge 140, which is also wave-shaped and which
- the wave-shaped deformation limiting element 132 extends outward at least in sections over the outer edge 130 of the gas diffusion layer 102, so that in the finished assembly 120 the outer edge 130 of the gas diffusion layer 102 extends the inner edge 140 of the connecting region - Realm 116 of the sealing element 100 - seen along the thickness direction 117 of the gas diffusion layer 102 - cuts.
- the sealing element 100 points outward in the areas in which the inner edge 140 of the connecting area 116 runs from the outer edge 130 of the gas diffusion layer 102, but there are no through holes.
- the outer edge 138 of the deformation-limiting element 132 always lies between the outer edge 130 of the gas diffusion layer 102 and the pressing edge 114, so that in the finished assembly 120 the outer edge 130 of the gas diffusion layer 102 has the inner edge 140 of the connection region 116 of the sealing element 100 - as seen along the thickness direction 117 of the gas diffusion layer 102 - does not cut.
- the alternative method shown schematically in FIG.
- the injection molding tool 104 comprises a plurality of deformation limiting elements 132, which are spaced apart from one another along the circumferential direction 134 of the gas diffusion layer 102 and are spaced apart from the pressing edge 114 of the injection molding tool 104 and touch the gas diffusion layer 102 before the injection molding material is introduced into the cavity 110 of the injection mold 104.
- FIG. 7 shows a partial plan view of an assembly 120 produced by means of the injection mold from FIG. 6.
- connection area 116 of the sealing element 100 of this assembly 120 is provided with recesses 142 which are arranged outward from the inner edge 140 of the connection area 116 and are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction 134 of the gas diffusion layer 102.
- the deformation limiting elements 132 in this embodiment have, for example, a circular cross section — taken perpendicular to the thickness direction 117 of the gas diffusion layer 102 — so that the recesses 142 in the connection area 116 also have a circular cross section exhibit.
- the deformation-limiting elements 132 are arranged between the outer edge 130 of the gas diffusion layer 102 and the pressing edge 114 of the injection mold 104, so that in the finished assembly 120 the outer edge 130 of the gas diffusion layer 102 - as seen along the thickness direction 117 of the gas diffusion layer 102 - the recesses 124 does not cut in the connection area 116 of the sealing element 100.
- the injection mold 104 comprises a deformation limiting element 132 which has a height which varies in a wave-like manner along the circumferential direction 134 of the gas diffusion layer 102.
- the deformation limiting element 132 in the sectional plane of FIG. 8 has its maximum height, so that the deformation limiting element 132 touches the gas diffusion layer 102 in this plane even before the injection molding material is introduced into the cavity 110 of the injection molding tool 104.
- FIG. 9 The finished assembly 120 produced by means of the injection mold 104 from FIG. 8 is shown in FIG. 9 in a partial side view with the viewing direction in the direction of the arrow 9 in FIG. 8.
- connection area 116 of the sealing element 100 of this assembly 120 is provided with recesses 142 which follow one another along the circumferential direction 134 of the gas diffusion layer 102 and which have a wave-shaped varying height (that is to say extension along the thickness direction 117 of the gas diffusion layer 102).
- These recesses 142 are separated from one another by intermediate stabilization areas 146, which likewise have a height that varies in a wave shape and follow one another in the circumferential direction 134 of the gas diffusion layer 102.
- An alternative embodiment of an assembly 120, shown in detail in FIG. 10, consisting of a sealing element 100 and a gas diffusion layer 102 is produced by means of an injection molding tool 104, which instead of a deformation limiting element 132 with variable height comprises a plurality of deformation limiting elements 132, which in the circumferential direction 134 of FIG Gas diffusion layer 102 follow one another and in the circumferential direction 134 of the gas diffusion layer 102 are spaced apart from one another, so that the connection region 116 of the finished sealing element 100 has stabilization regions 146 formed between the positions of the deformation limiting elements 132.
- the cross section of the deformation limiting elements 132 taken perpendicular to the thickness direction 117 of the gas diffusion layer 102, can in principle have any shape, for example a polygonal, in particular a quadrangular, for example a rectangular shape, or a shape with a curved edge line, for example an ellipse section shape or a circular section shape, in particular a semicircular shape.
- FIG. 11 schematically shows a further embodiment of a method for producing the sealing element 100 on the gas diffusion layer 102, in which a deformation limiting element 132, which extends in the circumferential direction 134 of the gas diffusion layer 102, is used, which is located on the forcing projection 112 and on one of the forcing projection 112
- Adjacent boundary wall 148 (preferably oriented perpendicular to the thickness direction 117 of the gas diffusion layer 102) of the push-off tool part 106 and has a height which varies along the circumferential direction 134 of the gas diffusion layer 102, in particular in an undulating manner.
- the maximum height of the deformation limiting element 132 is, however, smaller than the distance between the limiting wall 148 of the push-off tool part 106 on the one hand and the main surface 136 of the gas diffusion layer 102 facing the limiting wall 148 on the other hand, so that the deformation limiting element 132 before introduction of the injection molding material into the cavity 110 of the injection mold 104 does not touch the gas diffusion layer 102.
- an outer edge 138 of the deformation-limiting element 132 is - seen in a plan view of the gas diffusion layer 102 along the thickness direction 117 of the gas diffusion layer 102 - between the
- the outer edge 130 of the gas diffusion layer 102 and the pressure edge 114 are arranged.
- the assembly 120 produced from the gas diffusion layer 102 and the sealing element 100 by means of the injection mold 104 shown in FIG. 11 is shown in detail in FIG. 12.
- FIG. 13 shows a variant of the assembly from FIG. 12, which is produced using a deformation limiting element 132, the height of which does not vary in a wave-like manner along the circumferential direction 134, but rather linearly in sections, so that the connection area 116 of the sealing element 100 has a ( to the deformation limiting element 132 has a stabilizing area 146, the height (ie the extent thereof along the thickness direction 117 of the gas diffusion layer 102) varies linearly in sections.
- the injection mold 104 comprises a plurality of deformation limiting elements 132, which are spaced apart from one another along the circumferential direction 134 of the gas diffusion layer 102 and are each coupled to a plunger 150, which along one Displacement direction 152 is guided displaceably on the push-off tool part 106 of the injection mold 104.
- the displacement direction 152 which corresponds to a movement direction 154 of the respectively assigned deformation limiting element 132, is preferably oriented essentially parallel to the thickness direction 117 of the gas diffusion layer 102.
- Each plunger 150 is coupled to a movement device (not shown), by means of which a movement of the plunger 150 along the displacement direction 152 and thus a movement of the respectively assigned deformation limiting element 132 along the movement direction 154 can be generated.
- the deformation limiting elements 132 which are movable relative to the pressing-off tool part 106, are brought into the rest position shown in FIG. 14, in which they deform the gas diffusion layer 102 during the introduction of the Limit or prevent injection molding material into cavity 110.
- the deformation-limiting elements 132 become actuated relative to the push-off tool part 106 against the gas diffusion layer 102 and / or moved against the sealing element 100 produced by injection molding that the gas diffusion layer 102 and / or the sealing element 100 produced by injection molding is detached from the push-off tool part 106.
- the deformation limiting elements 132 thus act as ejectors 156 for ejecting the gas diffusion layer 102 and / or the sealing element 100 produced thereon by injection molding from the injection mold 104.
- the movement device can in particular be designed as a hydraulic movement device, a pneumatic movement device and / or an electromotive movement device.
- Deformation limiting element 132 can be produced, for example, by the tappet 150 being integral with the respectively associated one
- Deformation limiting element 132 is formed.
- the extension d of the plunger 150 in a direction oriented perpendicular to the displacement direction 152 and preferably perpendicular to the circumferential direction 134 of the gas diffusion layer 102 can be smaller than the extension D of the respectively assigned deformation limiting element 132 in the same direction, as shown in FIG. 14.
- An alternative method for producing the sealing element 100 on the gas diffusion layer 102 differs from the method shown in FIG. 14 in that the extension d of the plunger 150 is perpendicular to its displacement direction 152 and preferably perpendicular to the circumferential direction 134 of the gas diffusion layer 102 is essentially the same size as the extension D of the deformation limiting element 132 coupled to the plunger 150 along the same direction.
- FIG. 15 corresponds to the method shown in FIG. 14, to the above description of which reference is made in this regard.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102018115987.0A DE102018115987A1 (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2018-07-02 | Method for producing a sealing element on a gas diffusion layer of an electrochemical unit and assembly from a gas diffusion layer and a sealing element |
PCT/EP2019/067361 WO2020007731A1 (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2019-06-28 | Method for producing a sealing element on a gas diffusion layer of an electrochemical unit and assembly comprising a gas diffusion layer and a sealing element |
Publications (1)
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EP3818194A1 true EP3818194A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
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EP19737673.4A Pending EP3818194A1 (en) | 2018-07-02 | 2019-06-28 | Method for producing a sealing element on a gas diffusion layer of an electrochemical unit and assembly comprising a gas diffusion layer and a sealing element |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US12126059B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3818194A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN112368419A (en) |
DE (1) | DE102018115987A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020007731A1 (en) |
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WO2020121830A1 (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-18 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Fuel cell module, fuel cell stack, and method for manufacturing fuel cell module |
DE102021105029A1 (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2022-09-08 | Ekpo Fuel Cell Technologies Gmbh | Electrochemical unit for an electrochemical device and method of making an electrochemical unit for an electrochemical device |
DE102021105017A1 (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2022-09-08 | Ekpo Fuel Cell Technologies Gmbh | Electrochemical unit for an electrochemical device and method of making an electrochemical unit for an electrochemical device |
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US7771181B2 (en) | 2005-11-14 | 2010-08-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Gasket molding system for membrane electrode assemblies |
JP5011764B2 (en) | 2006-03-14 | 2012-08-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Manufacturing technology for integrated membrane electrode assembly |
WO2009047908A1 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-04-16 | Panasonic Corporation | Electrode-film-frame joint for polymer electrolyte type fuel cell, its manufacturing method, and polymer electrolyte type fuel cell |
US8703360B2 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2014-04-22 | Panasonic Corporation | Method for producing an electrode-membrane-frame assembly |
JP5653015B2 (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2015-01-14 | 日本ゴア株式会社 | Method for manufacturing reinforced membrane electrode assembly and reinforced membrane electrode assembly |
JP6383200B2 (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2018-08-29 | Nok株式会社 | Manufacturing method of plate-integrated gasket |
GB2524353A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-09-23 | Daimler Ag | Separator plate assembly for a fuel cell stack, injection molding tool, fuel cell system and vehicle |
DE102015109393A1 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2016-12-15 | Elringklinger Ag | Electrochemical device and method for producing an electrochemical unit for an electrochemical device |
KR101806641B1 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-12-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Injection mold for unit cell of fuel cell |
-
2018
- 2018-07-02 DE DE102018115987.0A patent/DE102018115987A1/en active Pending
-
2019
- 2019-06-28 CN CN201980043738.7A patent/CN112368419A/en active Pending
- 2019-06-28 EP EP19737673.4A patent/EP3818194A1/en active Pending
- 2019-06-28 WO PCT/EP2019/067361 patent/WO2020007731A1/en unknown
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US20210126267A1 (en) | 2021-04-29 |
DE102018115987A1 (en) | 2020-01-02 |
WO2020007731A1 (en) | 2020-01-09 |
US12126059B2 (en) | 2024-10-22 |
CN112368419A (en) | 2021-02-12 |
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