EP3816697A1 - Dispositif d'affichage d'image et système optique de projection - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage d'image et système optique de projection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3816697A1
EP3816697A1 EP19826384.0A EP19826384A EP3816697A1 EP 3816697 A1 EP3816697 A1 EP 3816697A1 EP 19826384 A EP19826384 A EP 19826384A EP 3816697 A1 EP3816697 A1 EP 3816697A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
image
reflection surface
optical
display apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19826384.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3816697A4 (fr
Inventor
Jun Nishikawa
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Sony Group Corp
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Sony Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Sony Corp filed Critical Sony Corp
Publication of EP3816697A1 publication Critical patent/EP3816697A1/fr
Publication of EP3816697A4 publication Critical patent/EP3816697A4/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/10—Projectors with built-in or built-on screen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3152—Modulator illumination systems for shaping the light beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/16—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use in conjunction with image converters or intensifiers, or for use with projectors, e.g. objectives for projection TV
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
    • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
    • G02B17/082—Catadioptric systems using three curved mirrors
    • G02B17/0828—Catadioptric systems using three curved mirrors off-axis or unobscured systems in which all of the mirrors share a common axis of rotational symmetry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
    • G02B3/04—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with continuous faces that are rotationally symmetrical but deviate from a true sphere, e.g. so called "aspheric" lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/008—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements with means for compensating for changes in temperature or for controlling the temperature; thermal stabilisation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2066—Reflectors in illumination beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/28—Reflectors in projection beam

Definitions

  • the present technology relates to, for example, an image display apparatus such as a projector and a projection optical system.
  • a projector has been widely known as a projection image display apparatus for displaying a projection image on a screen. Recently, there has been an increasing demand for an ultra-wide-angle front-projection projector that is capable of displaying a large screen even on a small projection space. By using this projector, a large screen can be projected in a limited space by performing projection obliquely and at a wide angle with respect to a screen.
  • Patent Literature 1 Japanese Patent No. 5365155
  • an image display apparatus includes: a light source; an image generation unit; and a projection optical system.
  • the image generation unit modulates light emitted from the light source to generate image light.
  • the projection optical system includes a first lens system, a first reflective optical system, a second lens system, and a second reflective optical system.
  • the first lens system has a positive refractive power as a whole and refracts the generated image light.
  • the first reflective optical system has a first reflection surface and a second reflection surface, the first reflection surface folding back and reflecting the image light refracted by the first lens system, the second reflection surface folding back and reflecting the image light reflected by the first reflection surface.
  • the second lens system has a positive refractive power as a whole and refracts the image light reflected by the second reflection surface.
  • the second reflective system has a recessed reflection surface reflecting the image light refracted by the second lens system toward an object to be projected.
  • the image display apparatus is configured to satisfy the following relationship: 5 ⁇ 10 -7 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 10 -5 , ⁇ 1 representing a linear expansion coefficient of a first optical part on which the first reflection surface is formed.
  • the image light refracted by the first lens system is folded back and reflected by each of the first and second reflection surfaces.
  • the optical path length of the image light can be sufficiently ensured without increasing the size of the projection optical system.
  • the linear expansion coefficient of the first optical part on which the first reflection surface is formed is defined by the above-mentioned conditional expression. This makes it possible to sufficiently suppress the influence of environmental changes, and performance enhancement is realized.
  • the image display apparatus may be configured to satisfy the following relationship: 5 ⁇ 10 -7 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 10 -5 , ⁇ 2 representing a linear expansion coefficient of a second optical part on which the second reflection surface is formed.
  • At least one of the first optical part or the second optical part may be formed of glass.
  • the first optical part and the second optical part may each be formed of glass.
  • the first optical part may have one or more transparent surfaces that are formed in an area different from the first reflection surface and cause the image light to be transmitted therethrough.
  • the one or more transparent surfaces of the first optical part may function as the second lens system.
  • the second optical part may have one or more transparent surfaces that are formed in an area different from the second reflection surface and cause the image light to be transmitted therethrough.
  • the one or more transparent surfaces of the second optical part may function as the first lens system.
  • the projection optical system may be configured with reference to a predetermined reference axis.
  • the first lens system may include the nearest optical part that has an incident surface and an emission surface and is disposed at a position closest to the first reflection surface, the image light entering the incident surface, the emission surface refracting the image light that has entered from the incident surface and emitting the refracted light to the first reflection surface.
  • the image display apparatus may be configured to satisfy the following relationship: 1 ⁇
  • the outermost incident light may be light emitted from a position farthest from the reference axis of the image generation unit.
  • At least one of the incident surface or the emission surface of the nearest optical part may be an aspherical surface.
  • the incident surface and the emission surface of the nearest optical part may each be an aspherical surface.
  • the nearest optical part may be formed of plastic.
  • the image display apparatus may be configured such that a refractive index temperature coefficient dn/dt of each of one or more optical parts satisfies the following relationship; -5 ⁇ dn/dT ⁇ 5, the one or more optical parts being included in the first lens system, formed of a material different from plastic, and having a positive refractive power.
  • the image display apparatus may be configured such that a refractive index temperature coefficient dn/dt of each of one or more optical parts satisfies the following relationship; -5 ⁇ dn/dT ⁇ 5, the one or more optical parts being included in the first lens system, formed of a material different from plastic, and having a negative refractive power.
  • All optical parts included in the first lens system other than the nearest optical part may each be formed of a material different from plastic.
  • the reference axis may be an axis obtained by extending an optical axis of a lens disposed at a position closest to the image generation unit, the lens being included in the first lens system.
  • the projection optical system may be configured such that each optical axis of all of the optical parts included in the projection optical system coincides with the reference axis.
  • the recessed reflection surface may be configured such that a rotational symmetry axis coincides with the reference axis.
  • each of the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface may be a recessed reflection surface and configured such that a rotational symmetry axis thereof coincides with the reference axis.
  • the second reflective optical system may form an image of the image light on a plane portion included in the object to be projected.
  • a projection optical system is a projection optical system that projects image light generated by modulating light emitted from a light source, including the first lens system; the first reflective optical system; the second lens system; and the second reflective optical system.
  • the projection optical system is configured to satisfy the following relationship: 5 ⁇ 10 -7 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 10 -5 , ⁇ 1 representing a linear expansion coefficient of a first optical part on which the first reflection surface is formed.
  • the outline of the projection image display apparatus will be briefly described by exemplifying a liquid crystal projector.
  • the liquid crystal projector spatially modulates the light applied from a light source to form an optical image (image light) corresponding to the video signal.
  • a liquid crystal display element or the like is used as an image modulation element.
  • a three-plate liquid crystal projector including a panel-shaped liquid crystal display element (liquid crystal panel) corresponding to each of RGB is used.
  • the optical image is magnified and projected by the projection optical system and displayed on a screen.
  • the projection optical system is compatible with ultra-wide angles in which the half angle of view is, for example, approximately 70°. It goes without saying that the angle is not limited to this angle.
  • liquid crystal projector can be disposed close to the screen, it is possible to sufficiently reduce the possibility of direct entry of light from the liquid crystal projector into the human eye, and achieve a higher degree of security.
  • the degree of freedom of selecting the installation site is high, and it can be easily installed even in a narrow installation space, a ceiling with many obstacles, or the like.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram for describing other advantages of the liquid crystal projector compatible with ultra-wide-angles. As shown in Fig. 1 , by installing a liquid crystal projector 1 compatible with ultra-wide-angles on a table, an enlarged image 2 can be projected onto the same table. Such use is also possible, and space can be efficiently used.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a projection image display apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present technology.
  • An image display apparatus 100 includes a light source 10, a lighting optical system 20, and a projection optical system 30.
  • the light source 10 is disposed to emit a light beam to the lighting optical system 20.
  • a highpressure mercury lamp or the like is used.
  • a solid-state light source such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode) and an LD (Laser Diode) may be used.
  • the lighting optical system 20 uniformly applies a light beam emitted from the light source 10 onto the surface of image modulation element (liquid crystal panel P) serving as the primary image plane.
  • the light beam from the light source 10 passes through two fly-eye lenses FL, a polarization conversion element PS, and a condenser lens L in this order, and is converted into a uniform light beam of polarized light.
  • the light beam that has passed through the condenser lens L is separated into light of RGB color components by a dichroic mirror DM that reflects only light in a particular wavelength band.
  • the light of the respective RGB color components enters the liquid crystal panel P (image modulation element) provided corresponding to the respective RGB colors via a total reflection mirror M, the lens L, and the like.
  • optical modulation according to the video signal is performed by the respective liquid crystal panels P.
  • the modulated lights of the color components are combined by a dichroic prism PP, and image light forming an image is generated. The generated image light is emitted toward the projection optical system 30.
  • the optical part or the like constituting the lighting optical system 20 is not limited, and an optical part different from the optical part described above may be used.
  • a reflective liquid crystal panel, a digital micromirror device (DMD), or the like may be used instead of the transmission-type liquid crystal panel P.
  • a polarizing beam splitter (PBS), a color combination prism that combines video signals of RGB colors, a TIR (Total Internal Reflection) prism, or the like may be used instead of the dichroic prism PP.
  • the lighting optical system 20 corresponds to the image generation unit.
  • the projection optical system 30 adjusts the image light emitted from the lighting optical system 20 and projects the image light onto a screen serving as a secondary image plane in an enlarged manner. That is, image information of the primary image plane (the liquid crystal panel P) is adjusted by the projection optical system 30, and is enlarged and projected onto the secondary image plane (screen).
  • the screen corresponds to the object to be projected
  • the portion of the screen where the image is projected corresponds to the plane portion of the object to be projected.
  • the object to be projected is not limited, and the present technology is applicable to displaying an image on an arbitrary object to be projected such as a table shown in Fig. 1 and walls of buildings.
  • Fig. 3 is an optical path diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a projection optical system according to the first embodiment.
  • the liquid crystal panel P and the dichroic prism PP of the lighting optical system 20 are schematically illustrated.
  • the emission direction of the image light emitted from the dichroic prism PP to the projection optical system is defined as the Z-direction.
  • the lateral direction of the primary image plane (the liquid crystal panel P) is defined as the X-direction
  • the longitudinal direction is defined as the Y-direction.
  • the X-direction and the Y-direction are directions corresponding to the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction of an image to be enlarged and projected onto the secondary image plane (screen).
  • the traveling direction of the image light is not limited to this direction, and the traveling direction of the image light is determined in accordance with the orientation, posture, and the like of the image display apparatus 100.
  • the projection optical system 30 includes a first lens system L1, a first reflective optical system R1, a second lens system L2, and a second reflective optical system R2.
  • the first lens system L1 has a positive refractive power as a whole and refracts the image light generated by the lighting optical system 20.
  • the portion from an incident surface F1 where image light of a lens L11 disposed at the position closest to the lighting optical system 20 enters to an emission surface F2 where image light of a lens L12 (hereinafter, referred to as the nearest lens L12) disposed at the position closest to a first reflection surface Mr1 is emitted function as the first lens system L1.
  • the first lens system L1 is configured with reference to a reference axis extending in the Z-direction (hereinafter, this reference axis will be referred to as the optical axis O). Specifically, the first lens system L1 is configured such that the optical axis of each of one or more optical parts included in the first lens system L1 substantially coincides with the optical axis O that is a reference axis.
  • the optical axis of the optical part is typically an axis that passes through the center of an optical surface such as a lens surface and a reflection surface of the optical part.
  • the rotational symmetry axis corresponds to the optical axis.
  • the nearest lens L12 there may be a case where only a part including an active area, which is an area where image light enters, of an optical part disposed so that its own optical axis substantially coincides with the optical axis O is used.
  • the projection optical system 30 can be miniaturized.
  • the optical axis O is an axis obtained by extending the optical axis (rotational symmetry axis) of the lens L11 disposed at a position closest to the lighting optical system 20, which is included in the first lens system L1. That is, another optical part is disposed on the axis obtained by extending the optical axis of the lens L11.
  • the image light is emitted along the optical axis O from a position offset from the optical axis O in the perpendicular direction (the up-and-down direction).
  • the direction along the optical axis O can also be referred to as the optical path traveling direction of the first lens system L1.
  • the first reflective optical system R1 includes the first reflection surface Mr1 and a second reflection surface Mr2.
  • the two reflection surfaces function as the first reflective optical system R1.
  • the first reflection surface Mr1 is disposed below the optical axis O, and folds back and reflects the image light refracted by the first lens system L1. Specifically, the image light entering from the left side is folded back and reflected toward the upper left side.
  • a first optical part R11 is disposed such that the rotational symmetry axis substantially coincides with the optical axis O.
  • the first optical part R11 has a rotationally symmetric aspherical surfaces F3 and F4.
  • the first reflection surface Mr1 is formed in an area of the aspherical surface F3 of the first optical part R11 where the image light emitted from the first lens system L1 enters.
  • the second reflection surface Mr2 is disposed above the optical axis O, and folds back and reflects the image light reflected by the first reflection surface Mr1 towards the second lens system L2. Specifically, the image light entering from the lower right side is folded back and reflected toward the right side.
  • a second optical part R12 is disposed such that the rotational symmetry axis substantially coincides with the optical axis O.
  • the second optical part R12 has rotationally symmetric surfaces F5 and F6.
  • the second reflection surface Mr2 is formed in an area of the rotationally symmetric surface F5 of the second optical part R12 where the image light reflected by the first reflection surface Mr1 enters.
  • transparent surfaces Tr1 and Tr2 that cause the image light emitted from the side of the lens L11 to be transmitted therethrough are formed.
  • the transparent surfaces Tr1 and Tr2 are formed in an area different from the second reflection surface Mr2 of the second optical part R12.
  • the transparent surfaces Tr1 and Tr2 function as the first lens system L1.
  • an optical surface (the transparent surfaces Tr1 and Tr2) that functions as the first lens system L1 and an optical surface (the second reflection surface Mr2) that functions as the first reflective optical system R1 may be realized by one optical part.
  • the second optical part R12 having a rotational symmetry axis, it is possible to improve the assembly accuracy of the projection optical system 30.
  • transparent surfaces Tr3 and Tr4 that cause the image light reflected by the second reflection surface Mr2 to be transmitted therethrough are respectively formed in the aspherical surface F3 and the F4.
  • the transparent surfaces Tr3 and Tr4 are formed in an area different from the first reflection surface Mr1 of the first optical part R11.
  • the transparent surfaces Tr3 and Tr4 function as the second lens system L2.
  • the method of forming a reflection surface and a transparent surface on one optical part is not limited.
  • a reflective film formed of aluminum or the like is deposited in a predetermined area formed of s light-transmitting material such as transparent acrylics and glasses, so that the predetermined area can be realized as a reflection surface.
  • an antireflection film in an area serving as a transparent surface, light loss or the like can be suppressed.
  • an arbitrary method may be employed.
  • the second lens system L2 has a positive refractive index as a whole and refracts the image light reflected by the first reflective optical system R1, i.e. the image light reflected by the second reflection surface Mr2.
  • the portion from the transparent surface Tr3 formed on the first optical part R11 to an emission surface F7 where image light of the lens L21 disposed at the position closest to the second reflective optical system R2 is emitted functions as the second lens system L2.
  • the second lens system L2 is configured with reference to the optical axis O. Specifically, the second lens system L2 is configured such that the optical axis of each of the one or more optical parts included in the second lens system L2 substantially coincides with the optical axis O that is a reference axis.
  • the second reflective optical system R2 has a recessed reflection surface Mr3.
  • this recessed reflection surface Mr3 functions as the second reflective optical system R2.
  • the recessed reflection surface Mr3 reflects the image light refracted by the second lens system L2 toward the screen.
  • the recessed reflection surface Mr3 is a rotationally symmetric aspherical surface configured such that the rotational symmetry axis coincides with the optical axis O, and includes only a part including an active area that is a region where image light enters. That is, not the entire rotationally symmetric aspheric surface but only the necessary portion of the rotationally symmetric aspheric surface is disposed. This makes it possible to realize the miniaturization of the apparatus.
  • the first lens system L1, the first reflective optical system R1, the second lens system L2, and the second reflective optical system R2 are formed on the common optical axis O. That is, the first lens system L1, the first and second reflection surfaces Mr1 and Mr2, the second lens system L2, and the recessed reflection surface Mr3 are formed so that the axis obtained by extending the optical axis (rotational symmetry axis) of the lens L11 disposed at the position closest to the lighting optical system 20 substantially coincides with the respective optical axes (rotational symmetry axes). This makes it possible to reduce the size in the Y-direction, and miniaturize the apparatus.
  • the entire projection optical system 30 may be configured with reference to the optical axis O. That is, each of the optical axes of all of the optical parts included in the projection optical system 30 may be configured to substantially coincide with the optical axis O that is a reference axis. It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited thereto, and an optical part whose optical axis is offset from the optical axis O may be included in the projection optical system 30.
  • the transparent surfaces Tr1 and Tr2 correspond to the one or more transparent surfaces of the second optical part R12. Further, the transparent surfaces Tr3 and Tr4 correspond to the one or more transparent surfaces of the first optical part R11. The number of transparent surfaces formed on the first and second optical parts R11 and R12 is not limited, and three or more transparent surfaces may be formed. Further, the nearest lens L12 corresponds to the nearest optical part.
  • Fig. 3 optical paths of three pixel lights C1, C2, and C3, of the image light emitted from the dichroic prism PP to the projection optical system 30, are illustrated.
  • the pixel light C1 corresponds to the pixel light emitted from the pixel in the center of the liquid crystal panel P.
  • the pixel light C1 will be described as a main light beam C1 in some cases.
  • the pixel light C2 corresponds to the pixel light emitted from the pixel closest to the optical axis O in the center of the liquid crystal panel P.
  • the pixel light C3 corresponds to the pixel light emitted from the pixel farthest from the optical axis O in the center of the liquid crystal panel P.
  • the pixel light C2 corresponds to the pixel light emitted from the pixel closest to the optical axis O of the liquid crystal panel P.
  • the pixel light C3 corresponds to the pixel light emitted from the pixel farthest from the optical axis O, which is located on a straight line connecting the pixel closest to the optical axis O to the central pixel of the liquid crystal panel P.
  • the image light emitted from a position offset upwardly from the optical axis O to the projection optical system 30 along the optical axis O crosses the optical axis O in the first lens system L1 and travels downwardly. Then, the image light emitted from the first lens system L1 is folded back to the upper left by the first reflection surface Mr1 and crosses the optical axis O again.
  • the image light folded back toward the upper left is folded back by the second reflection surface Mr2 and reflected toward the second lens system L2. Then, the image light crosses the optical axis O again and travels to the lower right.
  • the image light traveling toward the lower right is reflected by the recessed reflection surface Mr3, crosses the optical axis O again, and travels toward the screen.
  • the optical path of image light is configured such that the main light beam C1 crosses the optical axis O four times.
  • the optical path of image light to the recessed reflection surface Mr3 can be formed in the vicinity of the optical axis O.
  • the image light is folded back and reflected by each of the first and second reflection surfaces Mr1 and Mr2.
  • the optical path length of image light can be sufficiently secured.
  • a plurality of intermediate images (not shown) is formed between the dichroic prism PP and the recessed reflection surface Mr3 included in the lighting optical system 20.
  • the intermediate image is an intermediate image of an image formed by image light.
  • image light can be projected at an ultra-wide-angle. For example, a large screen can be displayed even in the case where the distance between a projector and a screen is short.
  • the optical path length is sufficiently secured, it is possible to suppress the optical load required to generate an appropriate intermediate image, and suppress the optical power of each of the optical parts included in the projection optical system 30. As a result, it is possible to miniaturize the respective optical parts, and realize the miniaturization of the entire apparatus.
  • an optimal intermediate image can be generated with high accuracy. This allows the recessed reflection surface Mr3 to display a high-precision image on a screen. As described above, by using the projection optical system 30 according to this embodiment, it is possible to realize performance enhancement of the apparatus.
  • the present inventors have found five conditions (1) to (5) regarding miniaturization and performance enhancement of the apparatus with respect to the projection optical system 30.
  • a linear expansion coefficient (/°C) of the first optical part R11 on which the first reflection surface Mr1 is formed is defined as ⁇ 1.
  • the projection optical system 30 is configured to satisfy the following relationship. 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 7 ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5
  • the above-mentioned problems can be sufficiently suppressed. That is, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the influence of the environmental change (temperature change). In addition, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the cost of the first optical part R11, and realize the cost reduction.
  • the first optical part R11 is formed of glass.
  • the specific type of the glass material is not limited, and an arbitrary glass material satisfying the conditional expression (1) may be employed. It goes without saying that another arbitrary material different from glass may be employed as long as the conditional expression (1) is satisfied.
  • a resin material such as acrylic, a metal material, a crystal material such as quartz, or the like may be used.
  • the linear expansion coefficient (/°C) of the second optical part R12 on which the second reflection surface Mr2 is formed defined as ⁇ 2.
  • the linear expansion coefficient ⁇ 2 of the second optical part R12 exceeds the upper limit specified in the conditional expression (2), the change in curvature due to heat becomes large, so that the imaging performance of an image at high temperature is greatly deteriorated.
  • the linear expansion coefficient ⁇ 2 exceeds the lower limit specified in the conditional expression (2), the selection range of materials that can be employed as the second optical part R12 is reduced, which increases material costs. Therefore, the second optical part R12 becomes very expensive, and it becomes difficult to reduce costs.
  • the above-mentioned problems can be sufficiently suppressed by appropriately selecting the material of the second optical part R12 so that the linear expansion coefficient ⁇ 2 satisfies the conditional expression (2). That is, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the influence of the environmental change (temperature change). In addition, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the cost of the second optical part R12, and reduce the cost.
  • the second optical part R12 is formed of glass.
  • the specific type of the glass material is not limited, and an arbitrary glass material satisfying the conditional expression (2) may be employed. It goes without saying that another arbitrary material different from glass may be employed as long as the conditional expression (2) is satisfied.
  • both the first and second optical parts R11 and R12 are formed of glass. It goes without saying that the present technology is not limited thereto.
  • at least one of the first and second optical parts R11 and R12 may be formed of glass.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram for describing a conditional expression 3.
  • the nearest lens L12 disposed at a position closest to the first reflection surface Mr1 has an incident surface F8 and the emission surface F2.
  • the incident surface F8 is a surface where image light enters.
  • the emission surface F2 is a surface that refracts the image light entering from the incident surface F8 and emits the refracted image light to the first reflection surface Mr1.
  • the light beam height from the optical axis O that is a reference axis is defined as h.
  • a derivative function obtained by differentiating a function Zf(h) with the light beam height is defined as Z'f(h), the function Zf(h) representing a shape of the incident surface F8 of the nearest lens L12 corresponding to the light beam height. Therefore, the derivative function Z'f(h) corresponds to the slope of the straight line tangent to the incident surface F8 in the light beam height h.
  • a derivative function obtained by differentiating a function Zr(h) with the light beam height is defined as Z'r(h), the function Zr(h) representing a shape of the emission surface F2 of the nearest lens L12 corresponding to the light beam height. Therefore, the derivative function Z'r(h) corresponds to the slope of the straight line tangent to the emission surface F2 in the light beam height h.
  • a light beam height corresponding to an incident position of outermost incident light CE on the incident surface F8 is defined as hmax1, the outermost incident light CE entering the incident surface F8 at a position furthest from the optical axis O.
  • a light beam height corresponding to an emission position of the outermost incident light CE is defined as hmax2, the outermost incident light CE being emitted from the emission surface F2 at the emission position.
  • the projection optical system 30 is configured to satisfy the following relationship. 1 ⁇ Z ′ f hmax 1 ⁇ Z ′ r hmax 2 ⁇ 45
  • This conditional expression (3) defines the optical power (refractive power) of the nearest lens L12 disposed at the position closest to the first reflection surface Mr1.
  • exceeds the upper limit specified in the conditional expression (3) the refractive effects of the lens are large, so that the imaging performance when the refractive index or the linear expansion changes is greatly deteriorated at a high temperature.
  • the nearest lens L12 so as to satisfy the conditional expression (3), the above-mentioned problems can be sufficiently suppressed. That is, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the influence of the environmental change (temperature change), and realize high imaging performance.
  • the nearest lens L12 is formed of plastic.
  • the specific type of the plastic material is not limited, and an arbitrary plastic material may be employed.
  • the plastic material has a relatively large change in refractive index or linear expansion at a high temperature. Therefore, it is very effective to realize a configuration satisfying the conditional expression (3).
  • the projection optical system 30 is configured such that a refractive index temperature coefficient dn/dt of each of one or more optical parts satisfies the following relationship, the one or more optical parts being included in the first lens system L1, formed of a material different from plastic, and having a positive refractive power. ⁇ 5 ⁇ dn / dT ⁇ 5
  • the projection optical system 30 is configured such that the refractive index temperature coefficient dn/dt of each of all of the optical parts satisfies the conditional expression (4), the optical parts being included in the first lens system L1, formed of a material different from plastic, and having a positive refractive power.
  • the focus position on the secondary image plane (screen) becomes large. Then, in the case where the refractive index temperature coefficient dn/dt exceeds the upper limit specified in the conditional expression (4), the focus position of an image moves toward the projection optical system 30, i.e., toward the front of the screen, at a high temperature. In the case where the refractive index temperature coefficient dn/dt exceeds the lower limit specified in the conditional expression (4), the focus position of an image moves away from the projection optical system 30, i.e., toward the back of the screen, at a high temperature. In any case, the imaging performance of an image at a high temperature is greatly deteriorated.
  • the above-mentioned problems can be sufficiently suppressed. That is, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the influence of the environmental change (temperature change), and realize high imaging performance.
  • the projection optical system 30 is configured such that a refractive index temperature coefficient dn/dt of each of one or more optical parts satisfies the following relationship, the one or more optical parts being included in the first lens system L1, formed of a material different from plastic, and having a negative refractive power. ⁇ 5 ⁇ dn / dT ⁇ 5
  • the projection optical system 30 is configured such that the refractive index temperature coefficient dn/dt of each of all of the optical parts satisfies the conditional expression (5), the optical parts being included in the first lens system L1, formed of a material different from plastic, and having a negative refractive power.
  • the focus position on the secondary image plane (screen) becomes large. Then, in the case where the refractive index temperature coefficient dn/dt exceeds the upper limit specified in the conditional expression (5), the focus position of an image moves away from the projection optical system 30, i.e., toward the back of the screen, at a high temperature. In the case where the refractive index temperature coefficient dn/dt exceeds the lower limit specified in the conditional expression (5), the focus position of an image moves toward the projection optical system 30, i.e., toward the front of the screen, at a high temperature. In any case, the imaging performance of an image at a high temperature is greatly deteriorated.
  • the above-mentioned problems can be sufficiently suppressed. That is, it is possible to sufficiently suppress the influence of the environmental change (temperature change), and realize high imaging performance.
  • the lower limit value and the upper limit value of each of the conditional expressions (1) to (5) are not limited to the values described above.
  • the respective values can be changed as appropriate in accordance with the configuration of the lighting optical system 20, the projection optical system 30, or the like.
  • an arbitrary value included in the above-mentioned range may be selected as the lower limit value and the upper limit value, and may be set as the optimum range again.
  • conditional expression (1) can be set to the following ranges. 4.7 ⁇ 10 -6 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1.45 ⁇ 10 -5 1.0 ⁇ 10 -6 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2.0 ⁇ 10 -5 2.0 ⁇ 10 -6 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 10 -5 3.0 ⁇ 10 -6 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 9.0 ⁇ 10 -6
  • conditional expression (2) can be set to the following ranges. 4.7 ⁇ 10 -6 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 1.45 ⁇ 10 -5 1.0 ⁇ 10 -6 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 2.0 ⁇ 10 -5 2.0 ⁇ 10 -6 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 1.0 ⁇ 10 -5 3.0 ⁇ 10 -6 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 9.0 ⁇ 10 -6
  • conditional expression (3) can be set to the following ranges. 5 ⁇
  • conditional expression (4) can be set to the following ranges.
  • conditional expression (5) can be set to the following ranges.
  • the projection optical system 30 configured as described above will be briefly described with reference to specific numerical examples.
  • Fig. 5 is a table showing an example of parameters relating to image projection.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram for describing the parameters shown in Fig. 5 .
  • a numerical aperture NA of the projection optical system 30 on the side of the primary image plane is 0.167.
  • the lengths (H ⁇ VSp) of the image modulating element (the liquid crystal panel P) in the lateral direction and longitudinal direction are 13.4 mm and 7.6 mm, respectively.
  • a central position (Chp) of the image modulation element is 5.2 mm above the optical axis O.
  • An image circle (imc) on the side of the primary image plane is ⁇ 22.4 mm.
  • the lengths (H ⁇ VSs) of the screen in the lateral direction and longitudinal direction are 1,771 mm and 996 mm, respectively.
  • a central position (Chs) of the screen size is 853 mm above the optical axis O.
  • the light emitted from the central pixel of the liquid crystal panel P shown in Fig. 6 corresponds to the pixel light C1 shown in Fig. 3 (denoted by the same reference symbol) .
  • the light emitted from the pixel closest to the optical axis O in the center of the liquid crystal panel P corresponds to the pixel light C2 (denoted by the same reference symbol).
  • the light emitted from the pixel farthest from the optical axis O in the center of the liquid crystal panel P corresponds to the pixel light C3 (denoted by the same reference symbol).
  • the light emitted from the pixel C4 at the upper right end of the liquid crystal panel P corresponds to the light emitted from the position farthest from the optical axis O of the liquid crystal panel P (hereinafter, referred to as the pixel light C4 using the same reference symbol).
  • the pixel light C4 corresponds to the outermost incident light CE that enters the incident surface F8 at the position farthest from the optical axis O, which has been described in the conditional expression (3) and Part A of Fig. 4 .
  • the light beam height corresponding to the incident position of the pixel light C4 on the incident surface F8 is hmax1
  • the light beam height corresponding to the emission position of the pixel light C4 is hmax2
  • the pixel light C4 being emitted from the emission surface F2 at the emission position.
  • the pixel light emitted from a position different from the position farthest from the optical axis O of the liquid crystal panel P can be the outermost incident light CE in some cases.
  • the pixel light C3 or the like can be the outermost incident light CE in some cases.
  • Fig. 7 shows lens data of the image display apparatus.
  • Fig. 7 shows the data for optical parts 1 to 29 (lens surfaces) disposed from the side of a first image plane (P) toward the side of a second image plane (S).
  • a radius of curvature (mm), a core thickness d (mm), and a refractive index nd in a d-line (587.56 nm), and an Abbe number ⁇ d in the d-line are described.
  • optical parts having a positive refractive power and optical parts having a negative refractive power in the first lens system L1, which are each formed of a material different from a plastic material, are shown in a distinguishable manner. Further, the refractive index temperature coefficient dn/dt of each of these optical members is shown.
  • the nearest lens L12 disposed in the immediate vicinity of the first reflection surface Mr1, of the first lens system L1 is formed of plastic. Then, other optical parts are formed of glass. Thus, all optical parts included in the first lens system L1 other than the nearest lens L12 are formed of a material different from plastic. It goes without saying that the present technology is not limited to such a configuration, and the optical parts other than the nearest lens L12 may be formed of plastic.
  • optical part having an aspherical surface follows the following formula.
  • Fig. 8 is a table showing an example of aspherical coefficients of optical parts included in the projection optical system.
  • Fig. 8 shows the aspherical coefficients for the optical parts 16 to 18, 20, 21, and 30 having an aspherical surface, which are marked with * in Fig. 7 .
  • the aspheric coefficients in the illustrated example correspond to the above-mentioned formula (Math. 1).
  • the formula (Math. 1) corresponds to the function Zf(h) representing the shape of the incident surface F8 (surface 16 in the data) of the nearest lens L12 corresponding to the light beam height. Further, the formula (Math. 1) corresponds to the function Zr(h) representing the shape of the emission surface F2 (surface 17 in the data) of the nearest lens L12 corresponding to the light beam height.
  • a sag quantity Z when the light beam height h shown in Part A and Part B of Fig. 4 is input to the formula (Math. 1) is used as a parameter representing the shapes of the incident surface F8 and the emission surface F2 corresponding to the light beam height.
  • the "sag amount” represents, when a plane perpendicular to the optical axis through the plane apex is made, a distance between a plane and the point on the lens surface in the optical axis direction.
  • d Z dh 2 ch 1 + 1 ⁇ 1 + K c 2 h 2 1 ⁇ 2 + 1 + K c 3 h 3 1 ⁇ 1 + K c 2 h 2 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 1 + 1 ⁇ 1 + K c 2 h 2 1 ⁇ 2 2 + A 1 + 2 A 2 h + 3 A 3 h 2 + ⁇ ⁇
  • the slope of a straight line tangent to the incident surface F8 in the light beam height h and the slope of the straight line tangent to the emission surface F2 in the light beam height h are calculated by this formula.
  • the function representing the shapes of the incident surface F8 and the emission surface F2 is not limited, and other functions may be used.
  • An arbitrary function capable of calculating the slope of the tangent line at an incident position farthest from the optical axis O, and the slope of the tangent line at an emission position can be used, the outermost incident light CE entering the incident surface F8 at the incident position, the outermost incident light CE being emitted from the emission surface F2 at the emission position. Then, the projection optical system only needs to be configured so that the conditional expression (3) is appropriately satisfied.
  • Fig. 9 is a table showing numerical values of parameters used in the above-mentioned conditional expressions (1) to (5) in this embodiment. ⁇ 1 6.30 ⁇ 10 -6 ⁇ 2 8.70 ⁇ 10 -6
  • the image light refracted by the first lens system L1 is folded back and reflected by each of the first and second reflection surfaces Mr1 and Mr2.
  • the optical path length of image light can be sufficiently secured without increasing the size of the projection optical system 30.
  • the linear expansion coefficient of the first optical part R11 on which the first reflection surface Mr1 is formed satisfies the conditional expression (1). This makes it possible to sufficiently suppress the influence of the environmental changes, and performance enhancement is realized.
  • conditional expressions (2) to (5) are also satisfied, the effects described above can be exhibited.
  • a highly precise image can be projected onto a screen via the second lens system L2 and the recessed reflection surface Mr3, and performance enhancement can be realized.
  • a projection image display apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present technology will be described.
  • description of the configurations and effects similar to those in the image display apparatus 100 described in the above-mentioned embodiment will be omitted or simplified.
  • Fig. 10 is an optical path diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a projection optical system according to the second embodiment.
  • Fig. 11 shows lens data of the image display apparatus.
  • Fig. 12 is a table showing an example of aspheric coefficients of optical parts included in the projection optical system.
  • the pixel light C4 emitted from the pixel C4 at the upper right end of the liquid crystal panel P corresponds to the outermost incident light CE that enters the incident surface F8 of the nearest lens L12 disposed in the immediate vicinity of the first reflection surface Mr1 at the position farthest from the optical axis O. Therefore, the light beam height corresponding to the incident position of the pixel light C4 on the incident surface F8 is hmax1, and the light beam height corresponding to the emission position of the pixel light C4 is hmax2, the pixel light C4 being emitted from the emission surface F2 at the emission position.
  • the incident surface F8 and the emission surface F2 of the nearest lens L12 disposed in the immediate vicinity of the first reflection surface Mr1 are aspherical surfaces. Therefore, the formula (Math. 1) corresponds to the function Zf(h) representing the shape of the incident surface F8 (the surface 17 in the data) of the nearest lens L12 corresponding to the light beam height. Further, the formula (Math. 1) corresponds to the function Zr(h) representing the shape of the emission surface F2 (surface 18 in the data) of the nearest lens L12 corresponding to the light beam height.
  • the nearest lens L12 disposed in the immediate vicinity of the first reflection surface Mr1, of the first lens system L1 is formed of plastic. Then, other optical parts are formed of glass. Thus, all optical parts other than the nearest lens L12, of the first lens system L1, correspond to the one or more optical parts formed of a material different from plastic.
  • Fig. 13 is a table showing numerical values of the parameters used in the conditional expressions (1) to (5) described above in this embodiment. ⁇ 1 6.30 ⁇ 10 -6 ⁇ 2 6.00 ⁇ 10 -6
  • Fig. 14 is an optical path diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a projection optical system according to another embodiment.
  • this projection optical system 330 only the portion where the first reflection surface Mr1 is formed is used as the first optical part R11 where the first reflection surface Mr1 is formed. Further, only the portion where the second reflection surface Mr2 is formed is used as the second optical part R12 where the second reflection surface Mr2 is formed.
  • the present technology is applicable also in such a configuration.
  • the recessed reflection surface Mr3 are free-form surfaces, or at least one or any two of the first reflection surface Mr1, the second reflection surface Mr2, and the recessed reflection surface Mr3 are decentered and inclined, it is possible to realize miniaturization and performance enhancement of the apparatus by applying the present technology.
  • both the incident surface F8 and the emission surface F2 of the nearest lens L12 have been aspherical surfaces.
  • the present technology is not limited thereto, and either one of the incident surface F8 and the emission surface F2 may not be an aspherical surface.
  • the incident surface F8 and/or the emission surface F2 are spherical surfaces or free-form surfaces, or the incident surface F8 and/or the emission surface F2 are decentered and inclined, it is possible to realize miniaturization and performance enhancement of the apparatus by applying the present technology.
  • the number of times the main light beam C1 of image light crosses the optical axis O is not limited to four.
  • the main light beam C1 of image light crosses the optical axis O four or more times it is possible to achieve miniaturization and performance enhancement of the apparatus.
  • the number of intermediate images is not limited, and two intermediate images may be generated, or three or more intermediate images may be generated. In any case, since the optical path length is sufficiently ensured by the first and second reflection surfaces Mr1 and Mr2, it is possible to achieve miniaturization and performance enhancement of the apparatus.
  • the terms “coincide”, “equal”, and the like are concepts including “substantially coincide” and “substantially equal”.
  • the states included in a predetermined range e.g., ⁇ 10%) based on “completely coincide”, “completely equal”, and the like are also included. Therefore, the concepts of "substantially coincide” and “substantially equal” are also included in the concepts of "coincide”, “equal”, and the like.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
EP19826384.0A 2018-06-29 2019-06-17 Dispositif d'affichage d'image et système optique de projection Pending EP3816697A4 (fr)

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