EP3810330A1 - Device for purifying a gaseous medium loaded with particles - Google Patents

Device for purifying a gaseous medium loaded with particles

Info

Publication number
EP3810330A1
EP3810330A1 EP19737864.9A EP19737864A EP3810330A1 EP 3810330 A1 EP3810330 A1 EP 3810330A1 EP 19737864 A EP19737864 A EP 19737864A EP 3810330 A1 EP3810330 A1 EP 3810330A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
purification device
shell
passage
tubular part
end plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19737864.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Daniel Teboul
Emrah ALTUGLU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3810330A1 publication Critical patent/EP3810330A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
    • B03C3/15—Centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/49—Collecting-electrodes tubular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B03C3/70—Applications of electricity supply techniques insulating in electric separators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/82—Housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/10—Ionising electrode with two or more serrated ends or sides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/30—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation for use in or with vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for purifying a gaseous medium charged with particles of all kinds, such as dust particles, organic particles in suspension in exhaust gases of all kinds and in particular industrial boilers, chimneys equipping industrial ovens and diesel engines, ...
  • This treatment device comprises an electro-filter or electro-filters with a crown effect comprising a longitudinal casing of cylindrical shape in which extends a longitudinal passage for the gases to be treated, an emissive structure extending longitudinally in the center of the passage and a collector structure (formed by stainless steel metal knitting, called cartridge) extending longitudinally between the passage and the envelope and comprising a plurality of cavities forming trapping housings for the particles contained in the gaseous medium, the emissive structure comprising a plurality of serrated plates arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction and forming points directed towards the collecting structure.
  • These serrated plates are carried by a rigid rod connected to a circuit providing a stabilized high voltage and which is carried at each of its ends by an insulator protected by a bell.
  • the insulators made from vitrified ceramic (dielectric), each include an end disc closing the openings of the envelope at its two longitudinal ends.
  • the present invention aims to provide a device of the same type, having improved performance in particular in terms of efficiency and also leading to other advantages.
  • a device for purifying a gaseous medium charged with particles comprising:
  • an envelope closed at its ends by an end plate protected by a disjointed shell surrounding one of the ends of an emissive structure and having a cavity facing said end plate, said shell being disposed inside said envelope;
  • an electrostatic filtration chamber having a passage for the gaseous medium charged with particles extending in said envelope between an inlet of this medium in the chamber and an outlet of the latter; said chamber comprising
  • an emissive structure comprising serrated plates forming points directed towards a collecting structure
  • said collecting structure being on either side of said emissive structure and designed to trap the particles contained in the gaseous medium;
  • said end plate and said shell are each brought to a different predetermined potential so as to create an electric repulsion field in the vicinity of said end plate, directed towards said passage.
  • the device according to the invention has, at each end of the envelope, an end plate / shell assembly which, thanks to its arrangement and the difference in potential between the end plate and the shell, creates a field electric repulsion in the vicinity of each end plate.
  • This repulsive electric field is directed towards the passage of the electrostatic filtration chamber, the particles are thus repelled from the end plate and they are directed towards the passage of the electrostatic filtration chamber.
  • said end plate is brought to a zero potential and said shell is brought to a negative potential of between - 10 KV and - 25 KV;
  • the potential difference between said end plate and said shell is between -35 KV and 0 KV;
  • said shell in the form of a bell formed by a circular wall being closed at one of its ends by a roof;
  • said envelope is circular in shape and said end plate is formed by an end disc of a cylindrical part comprising a first tubular part and a second tubular part projecting from said end disc, said first tubular part and said second part tubular being opposite to each other with respect to said end disc with the first tubular part which is disposed inside said envelope and with the second tubular part which is arranged outside said envelope, said end disc further comprising a central opening forming an internal passage in said cylindrical part between said first tubular part and said second tubular part;
  • said first tubular part enters said shell to form a baffle for the gas flow
  • said serrated plates are carried by a central rod passing through said internal passage of said cylindrical part, said central rod being connected to a circuit supplying a stabilized high voltage and being brought to each of its ends by an insulator surrounding said central rod, said insulator being arranged in said second tubular part of said cylindrical part to electrically protect said cylindrical part from said central rod;
  • said stabilized voltage of said central rod is preferably negative between -10 KV and -25 KV;
  • said emissive structure comprises at least one filament conducting electricity and able to be brought to the potential of said emissive structure, said at least one filament connecting at least one said point of at least two said serrated plates to each other;
  • said at least one filament connects said point of all of said serrated plates
  • said at least one filament is electrically connected to a central rod carrying said serrated plates and being connected to a circuit providing a stabilized high voltage
  • Said emissive structure comprises several said parallel filaments surrounding said emissive structure in a circular manner;
  • said serrated plates include as many said openings as said filaments
  • said serrated plates are star-shaped, that is to say with a circular central support provided at its periphery with triangular branches, the end of which forms said points;
  • said serrated plates alternate with perforated helical washers
  • said inlet and said outlet each form an angle with the axis of said passage generating a cyclonic effect in said passage;
  • the invention also proposes the use of a purification device as defined above for the purification of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine.
  • the invention aims, in a second aspect, to provide a device having improved performance, in particular in terms of efficiency, avoiding as much as possible the deposition of particles on the tips of the emissive structure which have the effect of reducing performance, and further leading to other benefits.
  • the invention proposes a device for purifying a gaseous medium charged with particles comprising:
  • an electrostatic filtration chamber having a passage for the gaseous medium charged with particles extending in said envelope between an inlet of this medium in the chamber and an outlet of the latter; said chamber comprising
  • an emissive structure arranged in the passage and comprising serrated plates forming spikes directed towards a collecting structure
  • said emissive structure comprises at least one filament conducting electricity and able to be brought to the potential of said emissive structure, said at least one filament connecting at least one said point of at least two said serrated plates to each other.
  • the device according to the invention allows, thanks to the filament which is brought to the potential of the emissive structure between two points, to form a conductive electric bridge connecting the two points.
  • this filament produces an additional crown effect (ionization of the gas when the electric field reaches a breaking gradient) to the crown effect already produced by the serrated plate tips, which improves the efficiency of the purification device.
  • said at least one filament has a predetermined diameter, preferably 0.5 mm;
  • Said at least one opening of the serrated plates is located at a predetermined distance from said tip between 0.5 mm and 2 mm, preferably 1 mm;
  • Said passage extends longitudinally and said serrated plates are arranged transversely and are carried by a central rod connected to a stabilized high voltage circuit, each end of said at least one filament being electrically connected to said central rod;
  • Said serrated plates are in the shape of stars, that is to say with a circular central support provided at its periphery with branches of triangular shape whose end forms said points, said branches each comprising a said opening at the level of tips capable of receiving a said filament;
  • - Said serrated plates alternate with perforated washers or rings, in the form of a helix each comprising at least one opening through which said at least one filament passes; - Said at least one opening of the perforated rings or rings is located at a predetermined distance from said tip between 0.5 mm and 2 mm, preferably 1 mm;
  • Said at least one filament is a tungsten or stainless steel filament
  • said serrated plates all have the same number of said points and said emissive structure comprises as many filaments as said points per serrated plate;
  • said emissive structure comprises several said parallel filaments surrounding said central rod;
  • - Said envelope is closed at its ends by an end plate being protected by a disjointed shell surrounding one end of said emissive structure and having a cavity facing said end plate, said shell being disposed inside of said envelope, said end plate and said shell each being brought to a different predetermined potential so as to create an electric repulsion field in the vicinity of said end plate, directed towards said passage;
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a device for purifying a gaseous medium, according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is the sectional view identified by ll-ll in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of Figure 2 taken at the left side of the device;
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the main elements of the purification device of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of a front view of one of the star-shaped serrated plates shown in Figures 2 to 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a front view of one of the perforated washers in helical force shown in Figures 2 to 4;
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 are respectively perspective and plan views of the shell shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.
  • the device 10 for purifying a gaseous medium charged with particles which is the subject of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 10 is used for purifying the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine.
  • This purification device 10 comprises in particular a longitudinal casing 11 in which is housed an electrofilter with a crown effect, the operating principle of which is known from the prior art, in particular from patent application WO 01/19525.
  • the casing 1 1 is closed at its ends by an end plate.
  • the end plate is formed here by an end disc 31 (of a cylindrical part 30 also shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 7 and 8) and by a ring 13.
  • the envelope 11 is here of circular shape. It is formed here by three cylindrical cages 16, 17 and 18 assembled together.
  • the central cylindrical cage 16 is placed in the center and is assembled, at one of its ends, with the cylindrical cage 17 and at the opposite end with the cylindrical cage 18 by means of clamps 19.
  • the cylindrical cages 17 and 18 are identical.
  • the opening 14 is formed in the cylindrical cage 17 and the opening 15 is formed in the cylindrical cage 18.
  • the purification device 10 also includes an electrostatic filtration chamber 20 located in the casing 11.
  • This electrostatic filtration chamber 20 forms a longitudinal passage for the gaseous medium charged with particles between an inlet thereof and an outlet thereof.
  • the inlet to the electrostatic filtration chamber 20 through which the gaseous medium charged with particles penetrates is here the opening 14.
  • the outlet from the electrostatic filtration chamber 20 through which the gaseous medium free of its particles is discharged is here the opening 15.
  • the inlet 14 and the outlet 15 each form an angle with the axis of the passage generating a cyclonic effect in the passage.
  • the angle here is ninety degrees.
  • the gaseous medium charged with particles thus enters the purification device 10, in a direction substantially perpendicular to that of the flow in the chamber and also emerges in a direction perpendicular to that of the flow in the chamber.
  • the electrostatic filtration chamber 20 comprises an emissive structure 40 arranged in the passage and a collecting structure 50, on either side of the emissive structure 40, designed to trap the particles contained in the medium.
  • the collecting structure 50 is formed of a cartridge produced from a knitting of metallic wire surrounding here the emissive structure 40.
  • the knitting of metallic wire is here formed by three knits 51, 52 and 53 assembled so as to produce a knitting homogeneous.
  • the metallic knits 51, 52 and 53 are here of cylindrical shape and they delimit an internal space in which the emissive structure 40 is arranged.
  • the three knits 51, 52 and 53 comprise a plurality of cavities not shown in the figures and forming housings capable of trapping the particles contained in the medium loaded with particles passing through the passage.
  • each knit 51, 52 and 53 makes it possible, by its seasoned structure, to facilitate the penetration of the particles into the thickness of the knit.
  • Two identical metallic knits 51 and 52 are arranged respectively in the cylindrical cage 17 and in the cylindrical cage 18. These metallic knits 51 and 52 extend up to the end plate and they form at the level of the openings 14 and 15, a mechanical particle filter.
  • a central metallic knit 53 is arranged in the central cylindrical cage 16.
  • the central metallic knit 53 has annular discs 54 serving as spacers. These annular discs 54 protrude from a central tube 55 which comprises the knitted fabric 53.
  • the emissive structure 40 at the center of the passage comprises, for its part, serrated plates 42 carried by a central rod 41 and which alternate with perforated washers 43.
  • the central rod 41 extends axially and is carried at each of its ends by an insulator 44 surrounding the central rod 41, and which is arranged in the cylindrical part 30 (FIG. 3).
  • the central rod 41 is connected to a circuit 80 supplying a stabilized high voltage of the type comprising a converter supplying a stabilized high voltage here negative and between 10 and 25 kV, with adjustment of a variator.
  • the serrated plates 42 and the perforated washers 43 form metallic emissive parts mounted on the central rod 41.
  • the serrated plates 42 and the perforated washers 43 are arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the passage.
  • the serrated plate 42 is here in the shape of a star, that is to say with a circular central support 45 provided at its periphery with triangular branches 46 whose end forms a point 47.
  • the circular central support 45 has a central opening 48 capable of passing the central rod 41, as well as peripheral openings 49, here eight in number.
  • the peripheral openings 49 are regularly and circularly spaced around the central opening 48. The peripheral openings 49 make it possible to avoid the phenomena of back pressure.
  • the triangular branches 46 are here sixteen in number and they are arranged regularly around the circular central support 45. Each branch 46 has an opening 61, at the point 47, configured to allow a conductive filament 62 to pass, as explained in more detail later.
  • each opening 61 is substantially equal to the diameter of the conductive filament 62 to allow its passage.
  • Each opening 61 is located at a predetermined distance from the tip 47, here the distance is between 0.5 mm and 2 mm, preferably 1 mm.
  • the serrated plates 42 alternate with the perforated metal washers 43 which will now be described in support of FIG. 6.
  • a single perforated washer 43 is shown in this figure, the other metal washers 43 being identical to the metal washer 43 which will be described.
  • the perforated washer 43 shown in FIG. 6 here has the same outside diameter as the serrated plate 42.
  • the perforated washer 43 is here in the form of a helix comprising a ring 63 from which protrudes blades 64, here in number of four.
  • the ring 63 has a central opening 65 capable of passing the central rod 41.
  • Each blade 64 has openings 66, here three in number, capable of passing the filament 62 as explained in more detail below.
  • the diameter of each opening 66 is substantially equal to the diameter of the conductive wire to allow its passage.
  • each opening 66 is located at a predetermined distance from the end of the blade 64, here the distance is between 0.5 mm and 2 mm, preferably 1 mm.
  • the emissive structure 40 also includes filaments 62 conducting electricity and able to be brought to the potential of the emissive structure 40.
  • these filaments 62 are very fine and are not visible in the section of FIG. 2. These filaments 62 are however visible in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the emissive structure 40 here comprises sixteen filaments 62 (eight of which are shown in the section of FIG. 3), that is to say as many filaments 62 as tips 47 per serrated plate 42.
  • the filaments 62 are here made of tungsten, but they can also be made of stainless steel and they preferably have a predetermined diameter of the order of 0.5 mm.
  • the filaments 62 are parallel. They extend longitudinally in the direction of passage, parallel to the central rod 41 and they surround the central rod 41 in a circular fashion.
  • the filaments 62 connect the tips 47 of the serrated plates 42 together. Each filament 62 connects a tip 47 of a serrated plate 42 to a tip 47 of another serrated plate 42 in the manner of a bridge and this, between all the serrated plates 42, all along the central rod 41.
  • the filaments 62 pass here through the openings 61 of the serrated plates 42.
  • the filaments 62 are located at the points 47.
  • the serrated plates 42 have as many openings 61 as there are filaments 62, that is to say here sixteen openings 61 per serrated plate 42 and sixteen filaments 62.
  • the serrated plates 42 have as many points 47 as there are filaments 62, that is to say here sixteen points 47 and sixteen filaments 62.
  • the arrangement of the filaments 62 relative to the perforated washers it will be noted that certain filaments 62 pass through the openings 66 of the perforated washers 43 and that other filaments 62 pass through the space between the blades 64.
  • the end of the filament 62 is connected to the central rod 41, the filament 62 then passes through the opening 66 (shown in FIG. 6) of the perforated washer 43 (closest to the end disc 31), then through the opening 61 (shown in FIG. 5) of a first serrated plate 42 then it passes through the opening 66 (shown in FIG. 6) of a second perforated washer 43 then through the opening 61 (shown in the FIG. 5) of a second serrated plate 42.
  • the filament 62 then continues on its way in the same way (not shown in FIG. 3) to the last perforated washer 43 of the central rod 41 (illustrated on the far right in FIG. 2) before being connected in the same way way to the central rod 41 by its other end.
  • the filaments 62 do not pass through the openings 66 of the perforated washers 43 but that they pass over the blades 64.
  • Each end of the filaments 62 is electrically connected to the central rod 41.
  • the filaments 62 are thus brought to the same tension as the central rod 41.
  • the filaments 62 produce a crown effect additional to the crown effect produced by the tips 47 which allows better ionization of the gas passing through the passage and better collection of particles.
  • the filaments 62 are traversed by a predetermined current capable of bringing the filaments 62 to incandescent. burn the soot particles which are deposited on the tips 47 of the serrated plates 42. The tips 47 thus remain clean throughout the duration of use of the device 10, the crown effect is thus optimal throughout the duration of use of the device 10.
  • the envelope 1 1 is closed at each of its ends by an end plate, here formed by an end disc 31 and by a ring 13, protected by a disjointed shell 70 disposed inside the envelope 11 and which surrounds one of the ends of the emissive structure 40 ( Figures 2 and 3).
  • the ring 13 is mounted on the end disc 31. It is held in the casing 11 by a clamp 19. The ring 13 and the collar 19 allow the cylindrical part 30 to be easily removed to facilitate cleaning of the filtration device 10.
  • the cylindrical part 30 comprises the end disc 31, a first tubular part 32 and a second tubular part 33, opposite one another, and which project from the end disc 31.
  • the second tubular part 33 is arranged outside the envelope 11 and the first tubular part 32 is arranged inside the envelope 11.
  • the insulator 44 here made of ceramic, is arranged inside the second tubular part 33.
  • the insulator 44 carries and surrounds the central rod 41. Its function is to electrically protect the cylindrical part 30 from the central rod 41 which is brought to a stabilized high voltage ( Figure 3).
  • the second tubular part further comprises two bolts 35 on its external face which are here connected to the ground of the circuit and more precisely to the ground (not shown).
  • the end disc 31 has a central opening 34 connecting the first tubular part 32 and the second tubular part 33 and forming a internal passage for the central rod 41 between the first tubular part 32 and the second tubular part 33.
  • end disc 31 has an external diameter greater than the external diameter of the first tubular part 32 and the external diameter of the second tubular part 33.
  • the external diameter of the first tubular part 32 is less than the external diameter of the second tubular part 33.
  • the shell 70 has the shape of a bell. It comprises a circular wall 72 closed at one of its ends by a roof 71 as well as a central tube 73 capable of receiving the central rod 41.
  • the roof 71 is in the form of a disc arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the passage and from which extends longitudinally, in the direction of the passage towards the end disc 31, the circular wall 72.
  • the roof 71 and the circular wall 72 delimit a cavity facing the end disc 31 and the ring 13.
  • the central tube 73 extends in the center of the shell 70 and it includes an end 74 which extends slightly beyond the roof 71 and an opposite end 75 which extends slightly beyond the cylindrical wall 72.
  • the shell 70 is fixed to the central rod 41 by a bolt (not shown in FIG. 3) at the end 74 which extends slightly beyond the roof 71. It is brought to the same stabilized tension as the central rod 41.
  • the ends of the filaments 62 are connected to the central rod 41 at the end 74 of the central tube 73.
  • the shell 70, the central rod 41 and the filaments 62 are thus brought to the same predetermined potential.
  • the first tubular part 32 penetrates into the shell 70, and more particularly into the cavity delimited by the circular wall 72 and the roof 71, to form a baffle for the gas flow. This baffle protects the insulator 44 from soot and moisture.
  • the first tubular part 32 has a diameter greater than the central tube 73 which it encircles and the circular wall 72 has a diameter greater than the first tubular part 32 which it encircles.
  • the opposite end 75 of the central tube 73 is located substantially in the central opening 34 of the end disc 31 at the insulator 44.
  • the end of the circular wall 72, opposite the end closed by the roof 71, is in turn located near the end disc 31.
  • the shell 70 is not in contact with the cylindrical part 30 except at the level of the central opening 34 with the insulator 44 located in the second tubular part 32 which electrically protects the shell 70 from the cylindrical part 30.
  • the central rod 41 is connected to the circuit 80 providing a negative stabilized high voltage. It passes through the internal passage of the cylindrical part 30 and it is carried by the insulator 44, located in the second tubular part 33, which surrounds it.
  • the insulator 44 thus electrically protects the cylindrical part 30 from the central rod 41.
  • central rod 41 passes through the internal passage of the cylindrical part 30 without being in contact with the cylindrical part 30 if not with the insulator 44 which surrounds the central rod 41.
  • the cylindrical part 30 and the ring 13 have a predetermined potential different from the predetermined potential of the shell 70.
  • the shell 70 is brought here to a negative potential of between - 10 kV and - 25 kV by the stabilized high voltage circuit 80 while the end plate, here connected to ground and more precisely to the ground via bolts 35, is here brought to a zero potential.
  • This difference in potential between the end plate (more generally the cylindrical part 30) and the shell 70 creates an electric repulsion field in the vicinity of the end plate directed towards the passage for the gaseous medium charged with particles.
  • the potential difference here is between - 10 kV and - 25 kV.
  • this potential difference is between - 35 kV and 0 kV.
  • the charged soot particles are thus repelled from the end plate (end disc 31 and ring 13) in the direction of passage. This avoids the deposition of soot particles on the end plate.
  • soot particles arriving with a predetermined speed in the device 10 at the level of the inlet 14 are thus repelled in the passage which makes it possible to avoid the deposit of soot particles on the end disc 31 and on the ring. 13.
  • the cylindrical part 30 is isolated from the casing 11 for example by means of a circular insulator and the cylindrical part 30 is not connected to ground but to a circuit supplying a stabilized high voltage capable of carrying the end plate to a predetermined potential different from 0 V, for example 5 kV.
  • the envelope 11 and the metallic knits 51, 52 and 53 are not circular in shape but rather square;
  • the number of triangular branch 46 of the serrated plates 42 is different from sixteen, for example eight or four or any other value which may be suitable;
  • the inlet to the electrostatic filtration chamber 20 through which the gaseous medium charged with particles penetrates is not the opening 14 but the opening 15 and the outlet from the electrostatic filtration chamber 20 through which the gaseous medium freed of its particles is rejected is not the opening 15 but the opening 14; - There is no ring 13, the end disc 31 is fixed directly to the end of the casing 1 1 by means of the clamp 19
  • the casing 11 is not formed by three cages 16, 17 and 18 but by a single cylindrical cage comprising the opening 14 and the opening 15;
  • the collecting structure 50 is not formed by three metallic knits 51, 52 and 53 but by a single metallic knit extending up to each of the end plates;
  • the serrated plates 42 are not star-shaped but in the form of a blade that can be twisted or in the form of a plate having on either side of a central deflection surface, notches forming the points 47 and the structure collector 50 is not formed by circular metallic knits 51, 52 and 53 but by plates located on either side, that is to say to the left and to the right, serrated plates 42;
  • the negative pole capable of generating negative high voltage electricity between 0 and 20,000 volts is connected to the central rod 41 providing a crown effect via the serrated plates 42 and the filaments 62, the central rod 41 being insulated by a dielectric ceramic, the positive pole capable of generating positive high voltage electricity between 0 and 20000 is connected to the collecting structure 50 formed of a cartridge produced from a knitted wire, the collecting structure 50 being isolated from the casing 11 by a circular insulator; note that alternatively the positive pole can be connected to the central rod and the negative pole can be connected to the collecting structure; a high-voltage power source with potential difference is thus generated so as to control the ozone concentration while having better efficiency.
  • the purification device 10 comprises, upstream of the crown effect electrostatic precipitator, another similar electrostatic precipitator into which clean air enters and comes out of the ionized air which is injected through the opening 14 into the corona electrostatic precipitator in order to be mixed with the particles of the exhaust gases, and
  • the purification device 10 is not used for the purification of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine but it is used more particularly in an industrial installation, in a thermal plant or in an incineration unit;

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Abstract

The invention relates to a device for purifying a gaseous medium loaded with particles comprising a shell (11) closed at the ends thereof by an end plate (31) protected by a disjoined shell (70), an electrostatic filtration chamber (20) having a passage for the gaseous medium loaded with particles; said chamber (20) comprising an emissive structure (40) comprising serrated plates (42) forming tips (47) directed towards a collecting structure (50) on either side of said emissive structure (40) and designed to trap the particles contained in the gaseous medium; said end plate (31) and said shell (70) are each brought to a different predetermined potential so as to create an electric repulsion field in the vicinity of said end plate (31), directed towards said passage.

Description

Dispositif de purification d'un milieu gazeux chargé de particules  Device for purifying a gaseous medium charged with particles
La présente invention a trait à un dispositif de purification d’un milieu gazeux chargé de particules de toutes natures, telles que des particules de poussière, des particules organiques en suspension dans les gaz d’échappement de toutes natures et notamment des chaudières industrielles, des cheminées équipant les fours industriels et des moteurs Diesel, ... The present invention relates to a device for purifying a gaseous medium charged with particles of all kinds, such as dust particles, organic particles in suspension in exhaust gases of all kinds and in particular industrial boilers, chimneys equipping industrial ovens and diesel engines, ...
Le demandeur a déjà proposé ce type de dispositif de purification d’un milieu gazeux chargé de particules, destiné plus particulièrement aux gaz d’échappement d’un moteur à combustion interne (cf. notamment la demande de brevet WO 01/19525).  The applicant has already proposed this type of device for purifying a gaseous medium charged with particles, intended more particularly for the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine (cf. in particular patent application WO 01/19525).
Ce dispositif de traitement comporte un électro-filtre ou des électro filtres à effet couronne comportant une enveloppe longitudinale de forme cylindrique dans laquelle s’étend un passage longitudinal pour les gaz à traiter, une structure émissive s’étendant longitudinalement au centre du passage et une structure collectrice (formé par du tricot métallique en inox, appelé cartouche) s’étendant longitudinalement entre le passage et l’enveloppe et comportant une pluralité de cavités formant des logements de piégeage des particules contenues dans le milieu gazeux, la structure émissive comportant une pluralité de plaques dentelées disposées transversalement à la direction longitudinale et formant des pointes dirigées vers la structure collectrice. Ces plaques dentelées sont portées par une tige rigide reliée à un circuit fournissant une haute tension stabilisée et qui est portée à chacune de ses extrémités par un isolateur protégé par une cloche. Les isolateurs, réalisés à partir de céramique vitrifiée (diélectrique), comportent chacun un disque d’extrémité obturant les ouvertures de l’enveloppe à ses deux extrémités longitudinales.  This treatment device comprises an electro-filter or electro-filters with a crown effect comprising a longitudinal casing of cylindrical shape in which extends a longitudinal passage for the gases to be treated, an emissive structure extending longitudinally in the center of the passage and a collector structure (formed by stainless steel metal knitting, called cartridge) extending longitudinally between the passage and the envelope and comprising a plurality of cavities forming trapping housings for the particles contained in the gaseous medium, the emissive structure comprising a plurality of serrated plates arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction and forming points directed towards the collecting structure. These serrated plates are carried by a rigid rod connected to a circuit providing a stabilized high voltage and which is carried at each of its ends by an insulator protected by a bell. The insulators, made from vitrified ceramic (dielectric), each include an end disc closing the openings of the envelope at its two longitudinal ends.
Ce dispositif donne entière satisfaction, cependant il arrive que des particules, telle que des particules de suies chargées, viennent se déposer sur les isolateurs notamment au niveau du disque d’extrémité formant ainsi une couche de suie responsable de la formation d’arcs électriques réduisant l’efficacité du dispositif de filtration et nécessitant parfois d’arrêter le dispositif. La présente invention vise à proposer un dispositif du même type, présentant des performances améliorées notamment en terme d’efficacité et conduisant en outre à d’autres avantages. This device is entirely satisfactory, however it sometimes happens that particles, such as charged soot particles, are deposited on the insulators in particular at the end disc thus forming a layer of soot responsible for the formation of electric arcs reducing the efficiency of the filtration device and sometimes necessitating stopping the device. The present invention aims to provide a device of the same type, having improved performance in particular in terms of efficiency and also leading to other advantages.
Elle vise également à réaliser un dispositif de purification qui soit commode et facile à entretenir.  It also aims to produce a purification device which is convenient and easy to maintain.
Elle propose à cet effet un dispositif de purification d’un milieu gazeux chargé de particules comportant :  To this end, it proposes a device for purifying a gaseous medium charged with particles comprising:
une enveloppe fermée à ses extrémités par une plaque d’extrémité protégée par une coque disjointe entourant l’une des extrémités d’une structure émissive et présentant une cavité tournée vers ladite plaque d’extrémité, ladite coque étant disposée à l’intérieur de ladite enveloppe ;  an envelope closed at its ends by an end plate protected by a disjointed shell surrounding one of the ends of an emissive structure and having a cavity facing said end plate, said shell being disposed inside said envelope;
une chambre de filtration électrostatique ayant un passage pour le milieu gazeux chargé de particules s’étendant dans ladite enveloppe entre une entrée de ce milieu dans la chambre et une sortie de cette dernière ; ladite chambre comportant  an electrostatic filtration chamber having a passage for the gaseous medium charged with particles extending in said envelope between an inlet of this medium in the chamber and an outlet of the latter; said chamber comprising
• une structure émissive comportant des plaques dentelées formant des pointes dirigées vers une structure collectrice ; et  • an emissive structure comprising serrated plates forming points directed towards a collecting structure; and
• ladite structure collectrice étant de part et d’autre de ladite structure émissive et conçue pour piéger les particules contenues dans le milieu gazeux ;  • said collecting structure being on either side of said emissive structure and designed to trap the particles contained in the gaseous medium;
caractérisé en ce que ladite plaque d’extrémité et ladite coque sont chacune portées à un potentiel prédéterminé différent de manière à créer un champ électrique de répulsion au voisinage de ladite plaque d’extrémité, dirigé vers ledit passage.  characterized in that said end plate and said shell are each brought to a different predetermined potential so as to create an electric repulsion field in the vicinity of said end plate, directed towards said passage.
Le dispositif selon l'invention possède, à chaque extrémité de l’enveloppe, un ensemble plaque d’extrémité / coque qui permet, grâce à son agencement et à la différence de potentiel entre la plaque d’extrémité et la coque de créer un champ électrique de répulsion au voisinage de chaque plaque d’extrémité. Ce champ électrique de répulsion est dirigé vers le passage de la chambre de filtration électrostatique, les particules sont ainsi repoussées de la plaque d’extrémité et elles sont dirigées vers le passage de la chambre de filtration électrostatique. On observera que, contrairement au dispositif antérieur susmentionné, le dispositif de purification selon l’invention permet d’éviter le dépôt et l’agglomération de particules de suies sur les plaques d’extrémité ; on évite ainsi la formation d’arcs électriques sur les plaques d’extrémité responsable notamment de la baisse d’efficacité du dispositif de purification. The device according to the invention has, at each end of the envelope, an end plate / shell assembly which, thanks to its arrangement and the difference in potential between the end plate and the shell, creates a field electric repulsion in the vicinity of each end plate. This repulsive electric field is directed towards the passage of the electrostatic filtration chamber, the particles are thus repelled from the end plate and they are directed towards the passage of the electrostatic filtration chamber. It will be observed that, unlike the above-mentioned prior device, the purification device according to the invention makes it possible to avoid the deposition and agglomeration of soot particles on the end plates; this avoids the formation of electric arcs on the end plates responsible in particular for the decrease in efficiency of the purification device.
De plus, ces dispositions permettent de réaliser un dispositif facile à entretenir et qui de surcroît permet de réduire les coûts de maintenance du dispositif de purification puisque cela évite de démonter régulièrement le dispositif de purification pour nettoyer les plaques d’extrémité.  In addition, these provisions make it possible to produce a device which is easy to maintain and which, in addition, makes it possible to reduce the maintenance costs of the purification device since this avoids regularly dismantling the purification device to clean the end plates.
Selon des caractéristiques avantageuses du dispositif selon l’invention :  According to advantageous characteristics of the device according to the invention:
ladite plaque d’extrémité est portée à un potentiel nul et ladite coque est portée à un potentiel négatif compris entre - 10 KV et - 25 KV ;  said end plate is brought to a zero potential and said shell is brought to a negative potential of between - 10 KV and - 25 KV;
la différence de potentiel entre ladite plaque d’extrémité et ladite coque est comprise entre -35 KV et 0 KV ;  the potential difference between said end plate and said shell is between -35 KV and 0 KV;
ladite coque à la forme d’une cloche formée par une paroi circulaire étant fermée à l’une de ses extrémités par un toit ;  said shell in the form of a bell formed by a circular wall being closed at one of its ends by a roof;
ladite enveloppe est de forme circulaire et ladite plaque d’extrémité est formée par un disque d’extrémité d’une pièce cylindrique comportant une première partie tubulaire et une seconde partie tubulaire saillant dudit disque d’extrémité, ladite première partie tubulaire et ladite seconde partie tubulaire étant opposée l’une à l’autre par rapport audit disque d’extrémité avec la première partie tubulaire qui est disposée à l’intérieur de ladite enveloppe et avec la seconde partie tubulaire qui est disposée à l’extérieur de ladite enveloppe, ledit disque d’extrémité comportant en outre une ouverture centrale formant un passage interne dans ladite pièce cylindrique entre ladite première partie tubulaire et ladite seconde partie tubulaire ;  said envelope is circular in shape and said end plate is formed by an end disc of a cylindrical part comprising a first tubular part and a second tubular part projecting from said end disc, said first tubular part and said second part tubular being opposite to each other with respect to said end disc with the first tubular part which is disposed inside said envelope and with the second tubular part which is arranged outside said envelope, said end disc further comprising a central opening forming an internal passage in said cylindrical part between said first tubular part and said second tubular part;
ladite première partie tubulaire pénètre dans ladite coque pour former une chicane pour le flux de gaz ;  said first tubular part enters said shell to form a baffle for the gas flow;
lesdites plaques dentelées sont portées par une tige centrale passant par ledit passage interne de ladite pièce cylindrique, ladite tige centrale étant reliée à un circuit fournissant une haute tension stabilisée et étant portée à chacune de ses extrémités par un isolateur entourant ladite tige centrale, ledit isolateur étant disposé dans ladite seconde partie tubulaire de ladite pièce cylindrique pour protéger électriquement ladite pièce cylindrique de ladite tige centrale ; said serrated plates are carried by a central rod passing through said internal passage of said cylindrical part, said central rod being connected to a circuit supplying a stabilized high voltage and being brought to each of its ends by an insulator surrounding said central rod, said insulator being arranged in said second tubular part of said cylindrical part to electrically protect said cylindrical part from said central rod;
- ladite coque est fixée à ladite tige centrale et ladite coque est portée à la même dite tension stabilisée que ladite tige centrale ;  - Said shell is fixed to said central rod and said shell is brought to the same said stabilized tension as said central rod;
ladite tension stabilisée de ladite tige centrale est négative préférentiellement entre -10 KV et -25 KV ;  said stabilized voltage of said central rod is preferably negative between -10 KV and -25 KV;
ladite structure émissive comporte au moins un filament conduisant l’électricité et apte à être porté au potentiel de ladite structure émissive, ledit au moins un filament reliant au moins une dite pointe d’au moins deux dites plaques dentelées entre elles ;  said emissive structure comprises at least one filament conducting electricity and able to be brought to the potential of said emissive structure, said at least one filament connecting at least one said point of at least two said serrated plates to each other;
ledit au moins un filament relie une dite pointe de toutes lesdites plaques dentelées ;  said at least one filament connects said point of all of said serrated plates;
- lesdites plaques dentelées comportent chacune au moins une ouverture par laquelle passe ledit au moins un filament conducteur ;  - Said serrated plates each have at least one opening through which said at least one conductive filament passes;
ledit au moins un filament est relié électriquement à une tige centrale portant lesdites plaques dentelées et étant reliée à un circuit fournissant une haute tension stabilisée ;  said at least one filament is electrically connected to a central rod carrying said serrated plates and being connected to a circuit providing a stabilized high voltage;
- ladite structure émissive comporte plusieurs dits filaments parallèles entourant ladite structure émissive de façon circulaire ;  - Said emissive structure comprises several said parallel filaments surrounding said emissive structure in a circular manner;
lesdites plaques dentelées comportent autant de dites ouvertures que de dits filaments ;  said serrated plates include as many said openings as said filaments;
lesdites plaques dentelées sont en forme d’étoile, c’est-à-dire avec un support central circulaire pourvu à sa périphérie de branches triangulaires dont l’extrémité forme lesdites pointes ;  said serrated plates are star-shaped, that is to say with a circular central support provided at its periphery with triangular branches, the end of which forms said points;
lesdites plaques dentelées alternent avec des rondelles perforées en forme d’hélice ;  said serrated plates alternate with perforated helical washers;
ladite entrée et ladite sortie forment chacune un angle avec l’axe dudit passage générant un effet cyclonique dans ledit passage ;  said inlet and said outlet each form an angle with the axis of said passage generating a cyclonic effect in said passage;
- ladite entrée et ladite sortie sont diamétralement opposées ; et ladite structure collectrice s’étend jusqu’à chacune desdites plaques d’extrémité de ladite enveloppe. - Said inlet and said outlet are diametrically opposite; and said collecting structure extends to each of said end plates of said envelope.
L'invention propose également l’utilisation d'un dispositif de purification tel que défini ci-dessus pour la purification des gaz d’échappement d’un moteur à combustion interne.  The invention also proposes the use of a purification device as defined above for the purification of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine.
L’invention vise, sous un deuxième aspect, à fournir un dispositif présentant des performances améliorées notamment en terme d’efficacité, évitant au maximum le dépôt de particules sur les pointes de la structure émissive qui ont pour effet d’amoindrir les performances, et conduisant en outre à d’autres avantages.  The invention aims, in a second aspect, to provide a device having improved performance, in particular in terms of efficiency, avoiding as much as possible the deposition of particles on the tips of the emissive structure which have the effect of reducing performance, and further leading to other benefits.
L’invention propose à cet effet un dispositif de purification d’un milieu gazeux chargé de particules comportant :  To this end, the invention proposes a device for purifying a gaseous medium charged with particles comprising:
- une enveloppe ;  - an envelope ;
- une chambre de filtration électrostatique ayant un passage pour le milieu gazeux chargé de particules s’étendant dans ladite enveloppe entre une entrée de ce milieu dans la chambre et une sortie de cette dernière ; ladite chambre comportant  - an electrostatic filtration chamber having a passage for the gaseous medium charged with particles extending in said envelope between an inlet of this medium in the chamber and an outlet of the latter; said chamber comprising
• une structure émissive agencée dans le passage et comportant des plaques dentelées formant des pointes dirigées vers une structure collectrice ; et  • an emissive structure arranged in the passage and comprising serrated plates forming spikes directed towards a collecting structure; and
• une structure collectrice conçue pour piéger les particules contenues dans le milieu gazeux, située de part et d’autre de ladite structure émissive ;  • a collecting structure designed to trap the particles contained in the gaseous medium, located on either side of said emissive structure;
caractérisé en ce que ladite structure émissive comporte au moins un filament conduisant l’électricité et apte à être porté au potentiel de ladite structure émissive, ledit au moins un filament reliant au moins une dite pointe d’au moins deux dites plaques dentelées entre elles.  characterized in that said emissive structure comprises at least one filament conducting electricity and able to be brought to the potential of said emissive structure, said at least one filament connecting at least one said point of at least two said serrated plates to each other.
Le dispositif selon l'invention permet, grâce au filament qui est porté au potentiel de la structure émissive entre deux pointes, de former un pont électrique conducteur reliant les deux pointes. D’une manière très simple, ce filament produit un effet couronne additionnel (ionisation du gaz lorsque le champ électrique atteint un gradient de de rupture) à l’effet couronne déjà produit par les pointes des plaques dentelées, ce qui améliore l’efficacité du dispositif de purification. The device according to the invention allows, thanks to the filament which is brought to the potential of the emissive structure between two points, to form a conductive electric bridge connecting the two points. In a very simple way, this filament produces an additional crown effect (ionization of the gas when the electric field reaches a breaking gradient) to the crown effect already produced by the serrated plate tips, which improves the efficiency of the purification device.
On observa encore, que le courant électrique traversant le filament dissipe de l’énergie sous forme de chaleur (effet joule) et porte à incandescence le filament ce qui a pour effet de brûler les particules qui viennent se déposer sur les pointes. On évite ainsi le dépôt et l’agglomération de particules sur les pointes de la structure émissive ce qui permet de garder des pointes propres générant un effet couronne optimal.  It was also observed that the electric current passing through the filament dissipates energy in the form of heat (Joule effect) and carries the filament incandescent which has the effect of burning the particles which come to deposit on the tips. This avoids the deposition and agglomeration of particles on the tips of the emissive structure which keeps the tips clean generating an optimal crown effect.
De plus, ces dispositions permettent de réaliser un dispositif facile à entretenir et qui de surcroit permet de réduire les coûts de maintenance du dispositif de purification puisque cela évite de nettoyer régulièrement les pointes de la structure émissive.  In addition, these provisions make it possible to produce a device which is easy to maintain and which, moreover, makes it possible to reduce the maintenance costs of the purification device since this avoids regular cleaning of the tips of the emissive structure.
Selon des caractéristiques avantageuses de mise en oeuvre :  According to advantageous characteristics of implementation:
ledit au moins un filament possède un diamètre prédéterminé, préférentiellement 0,5 mm ;  said at least one filament has a predetermined diameter, preferably 0.5 mm;
- lesdites plaques dentelées comportent chacune au moins une ouverture par laquelle passe ledit au moins un filament conducteur ;  - Said serrated plates each have at least one opening through which said at least one conductive filament passes;
- ladite au moins une ouverture des plaques dentelées est située à une distance prédéterminée de ladite pointe comprise entre 0,5 mm et 2 mm, préférentiellement 1 mm ;  - Said at least one opening of the serrated plates is located at a predetermined distance from said tip between 0.5 mm and 2 mm, preferably 1 mm;
- ledit passage s’étend longitudinalement et lesdites plaques dentelées sont disposées transversalement et sont portées par une tige centrale reliée à un circuit de haute tension stabilisé, chacune des extrémités dudit au moins un filament étant reliées électriquement à ladite tige centrale ;  - Said passage extends longitudinally and said serrated plates are arranged transversely and are carried by a central rod connected to a stabilized high voltage circuit, each end of said at least one filament being electrically connected to said central rod;
- lesdites plaques dentelées sont en forme d’étoiles, c’est-à-dire avec un support central circulaire pourvu à sa périphérie de branches de forme triangulaires dont l’extrémité forme lesdites pointes, lesdites branches comportant chacune une dite ouverture au niveau des pointes apte à recevoir un dit filament ;  - Said serrated plates are in the shape of stars, that is to say with a circular central support provided at its periphery with branches of triangular shape whose end forms said points, said branches each comprising a said opening at the level of tips capable of receiving a said filament;
- lesdites plaques dentelées alternent avec des rondelles ou couronnes perforées, en forme d’hélice comportant chacune au moins une ouverture par laquelle passe ledit au moins un filament ; - ladite au moins une ouverture des rondelles ou couronnes perforées est située à une distance prédéterminée de ladite pointe comprise entre 0,5 mm et 2 mm, préférentiellement 1 mm ; - Said serrated plates alternate with perforated washers or rings, in the form of a helix each comprising at least one opening through which said at least one filament passes; - Said at least one opening of the perforated rings or rings is located at a predetermined distance from said tip between 0.5 mm and 2 mm, preferably 1 mm;
- ledit au moins un filament est un filament en tungstène ou en inox ; - Said at least one filament is a tungsten or stainless steel filament;
- lesdites plaques dentelées comportent toutes le même nombre de dites pointes et ladite structure émissive comporte autant de filaments que de dites pointes par plaque dentelée ; - said serrated plates all have the same number of said points and said emissive structure comprises as many filaments as said points per serrated plate;
- ladite structure émissive comporte plusieurs dits filaments parallèles entourant ladite tige centrale ;  - Said emissive structure comprises several said parallel filaments surrounding said central rod;
- lesdites plaques dentelées comportent autant de dites ouvertures que de dits filaments ;  - Said serrated plates comprise as many said openings as said filaments;
- ladite enveloppe est fermée à ses extrémités par une plaque d’extrémité étant protégée par une coque disjointe entourant l’une des extrémités de ladite structure émissive et présentant une cavité tournée vers ladite plaque d’extrémité, ladite coque étant disposée à l’intérieur de ladite enveloppe, ladite plaque d’extrémité et ladite coque étant chacune portées à un potentiel prédéterminé différent de manière à créer un champ électrique de répulsion au voisinage de ladite plaque d’extrémité, dirigé vers ledit passage ;  - Said envelope is closed at its ends by an end plate being protected by a disjointed shell surrounding one end of said emissive structure and having a cavity facing said end plate, said shell being disposed inside of said envelope, said end plate and said shell each being brought to a different predetermined potential so as to create an electric repulsion field in the vicinity of said end plate, directed towards said passage;
- ladite coque est portée au même potentiel prédéterminée que ladite structure émissive ;  - Said shell is brought to the same predetermined potential as said emissive structure;
- ladite entrée et ladite sortie forment chacune un angle avec l’axe dudit passage générant un effet cyclonique dans ledit passage ; et  - said inlet and said outlet each form an angle with the axis of said passage generating a cyclonic effect in said passage; and
- ladite entrée et ladite sortie sont diamétralement opposées.  - Said inlet and said outlet are diametrically opposite.
L’exposé de l’invention sera maintenant poursuivi par la description détaillée d’un exemple de réalisation, donnée ci-après à titre illustratif et non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés. Sur ceux-ci :  The description of the invention will now be continued with the detailed description of an exemplary embodiment, given below by way of illustration and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. On these:
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d’un dispositif de purification d’un milieu gazeux, conforme à la présente invention ;  - Figure 1 is a perspective view of a device for purifying a gaseous medium, according to the present invention;
- la figure 2 est la vue en coupe repérée par ll-ll sur la figure 1 ; - Figure 2 is the sectional view identified by ll-ll in Figure 1;
- la figure 3 est une représentation schématique de la figure 2 prise au niveau du côté gauche du dispositif ; - la figure 4 est une vue éclatée, des principaux éléments du dispositif de purification de la figure 1 ; - Figure 3 is a schematic representation of Figure 2 taken at the left side of the device; - Figure 4 is an exploded view of the main elements of the purification device of Figure 1;
- la figure 5 est une représentation schématique d’une vue de face d’une des plaques dentelées en forme d’étoile montrée sur les figures 2 à 4 ;  - Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a front view of one of the star-shaped serrated plates shown in Figures 2 to 4;
- la figure 6 est une représentation schématique d’une vue de face d’une des rondelles perforées en force d’hélice montrée sur les figures 2 à 4 ;  - Figure 6 is a schematic representation of a front view of one of the perforated washers in helical force shown in Figures 2 to 4;
- les figures 7 et 8 sont des vues respectivement en perspective et en plan de la pièce cylindrique montrée sur les figures 2 à 4 ; et  - Figures 7 and 8 are respectively perspective and plan views of the cylindrical part shown in Figures 2 to 4; and
- les figures 9 et 10 sont des vues respectivement en perspective et en plan de la coque montrée sur les figures 2 à 4.  FIGS. 9 and 10 are respectively perspective and plan views of the shell shown in FIGS. 2 to 4.
Le dispositif de purification 10 d’un milieu gazeux chargé de particules faisant l’objet du mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 10 est utilisé pour la purification des gaz d’échappement d’un moteur à combustion interne.  The device 10 for purifying a gaseous medium charged with particles which is the subject of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 10 is used for purifying the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine.
Dans un souci de mise en évidence de ses éléments caractéristiques, ce dispositif de purification a été représenté d’une manière très schématique sur certaines figures.  In order to highlight its characteristic elements, this purification device has been shown very schematically in certain figures.
Ce dispositif de purification 10 comporte notamment une enveloppe longitudinale 11 dans laquelle est logée un électrofiltre à effet couronne dont le principe de fonctionnement est connu de l'art antérieur notamment de la demande de brevet WO 01/19525.  This purification device 10 comprises in particular a longitudinal casing 11 in which is housed an electrofilter with a crown effect, the operating principle of which is known from the prior art, in particular from patent application WO 01/19525.
Comme illustré sur la figure 1 , l'enveloppe 1 1 est fermée à ses extrémités par une plaque d’extrémité. La plaque d'extrémité est formée ici par un disque d’extrémité 31 (d’une pièce cylindrique 30 également représentée sur les figures 2, 3, 7 et 8) et par un anneau 13.  As illustrated in Figure 1, the casing 1 1 is closed at its ends by an end plate. The end plate is formed here by an end disc 31 (of a cylindrical part 30 also shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 7 and 8) and by a ring 13.
Deux ouvertures 14 et 15 diamétralement opposées sont pratiquées dans cette enveloppe 11 pour permettre l’entrée et la sortie des gaz de l’enveloppe 11.  Two diametrically opposite openings 14 and 15 are made in this envelope 11 to allow the entry and exit of gases from the envelope 11.
L’enveloppe 11 est ici de forme circulaire. Elle est formée ici par trois cages cylindriques 16, 17 et 18 assemblées entre elles. La cage cylindrique centrale 16 est disposée au centre et elle est assemblée, à une de ses extrémités, avec la cage cylindrique 17 et à l’extrémité opposée avec la cage cylindrique 18 grâce à des colliers de serrage 19. Les cages cylindriques 17 et 18 sont identiques. L’ouverture 14 est formée dans la cage cylindrique 17 et l’ouverture 15 est formée dans la cage cylindrique 18. The envelope 11 is here of circular shape. It is formed here by three cylindrical cages 16, 17 and 18 assembled together. The central cylindrical cage 16 is placed in the center and is assembled, at one of its ends, with the cylindrical cage 17 and at the opposite end with the cylindrical cage 18 by means of clamps 19. The cylindrical cages 17 and 18 are identical. The opening 14 is formed in the cylindrical cage 17 and the opening 15 is formed in the cylindrical cage 18.
Comme illustré sur les figures 2 et 3, le dispositif de purification 10 comporte également une chambre de filtration électrostatique 20 située dans l’enveloppe 1 1 .  As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the purification device 10 also includes an electrostatic filtration chamber 20 located in the casing 11.
Cette chambre de filtration électrostatique 20 forme un passage longitudinal pour le milieu gazeux chargé de particules entre une entrée de celle- ci et une sortie de celle-ci.  This electrostatic filtration chamber 20 forms a longitudinal passage for the gaseous medium charged with particles between an inlet thereof and an outlet thereof.
L’entrée de la chambre de filtration électrostatique 20 par lequel pénètre le milieu gazeux chargé de particules est ici l’ouverture 14. La sortie de la chambre de filtration électrostatique 20 par lequel le milieu gazeux débarrassé de ses particules est rejeté est ici l’ouverture 15.  The inlet to the electrostatic filtration chamber 20 through which the gaseous medium charged with particles penetrates is here the opening 14. The outlet from the electrostatic filtration chamber 20 through which the gaseous medium free of its particles is discharged is here the opening 15.
L'entrée 14 et la sortie 15 forment chacune un angle avec l’axe du passage générant un effet cyclonique dans le passage. L’angle est ici de quatre- vingt-dix degrés.  The inlet 14 and the outlet 15 each form an angle with the axis of the passage generating a cyclonic effect in the passage. The angle here is ninety degrees.
Le milieu gazeux chargé de particules pénètre ainsi dans le dispositif de purification 10, selon une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à celle de l’écoulement dans la chambre et ressort également selon une direction perpendiculaire à celle de l’écoulement dans la chambre.  The gaseous medium charged with particles thus enters the purification device 10, in a direction substantially perpendicular to that of the flow in the chamber and also emerges in a direction perpendicular to that of the flow in the chamber.
La chambre de filtration électrostatique 20 comporte une structure émissive 40 agencée dans le passage et une structure collectrice 50, de part et d’autre de la structure émissive 40, conçue pour piéger les particules contenues dans le milieu.  The electrostatic filtration chamber 20 comprises an emissive structure 40 arranged in the passage and a collecting structure 50, on either side of the emissive structure 40, designed to trap the particles contained in the medium.
La structure collectrice 50 est formée d’une cartouche réalisée à partir d’un tricot en fil métallique entourant ici la structure émissive 40. Le tricot en fil métallique est ici formé par trois tricots 51 , 52 et 53 assemblés de façon à réaliser un tricot homogène. Les tricots métalliques 51 , 52 et 53 sont ici de forme cylindrique et ils délimitent un espace interne dans lequel est agencé la structure émissive 40. Les trois tricots 51 , 52 et 53 comportent une pluralité de cavités non représentées sur les figures et formant des logements aptes à piéger les particules contenues dans le milieu chargé de particules traversant le passage. The collecting structure 50 is formed of a cartridge produced from a knitting of metallic wire surrounding here the emissive structure 40. The knitting of metallic wire is here formed by three knits 51, 52 and 53 assembled so as to produce a knitting homogeneous. The metallic knits 51, 52 and 53 are here of cylindrical shape and they delimit an internal space in which the emissive structure 40 is arranged. The three knits 51, 52 and 53 comprise a plurality of cavities not shown in the figures and forming housings capable of trapping the particles contained in the medium loaded with particles passing through the passage.
En outre, chaque tricot 51 , 52 et 53 permet par sa structure chevronnée, de faciliter la pénétration des particules dans l’épaisseur du tricot.  In addition, each knit 51, 52 and 53 makes it possible, by its seasoned structure, to facilitate the penetration of the particles into the thickness of the knit.
Deux tricots métalliques identiques 51 et 52 sont agencés respectivement dans la cage cylindrique 17 et dans la cage cylindrique 18. Ces tricots métalliques 51 et 52 s'étendent jusqu'à la plaque d’extrémité et ils forment au niveau des ouvertures 14 et 15, un filtre mécanique des particules.  Two identical metallic knits 51 and 52 are arranged respectively in the cylindrical cage 17 and in the cylindrical cage 18. These metallic knits 51 and 52 extend up to the end plate and they form at the level of the openings 14 and 15, a mechanical particle filter.
Un tricot métallique central 53 est agencé dans la cage cylindrique centrale 16. Le tricot métallique central 53 comporte des disques annulaire 54 servant d’entretoise. Ces disques annulaire 54 saillent d’un tube central 55 que comporte le tricot 53.  A central metallic knit 53 is arranged in the central cylindrical cage 16. The central metallic knit 53 has annular discs 54 serving as spacers. These annular discs 54 protrude from a central tube 55 which comprises the knitted fabric 53.
La structure émissive 40 au centre du passage comporte pour sa part des plaques dentelées 42 portées par une tige centrale 41 et qui alternent avec des rondelles perforées 43.  The emissive structure 40 at the center of the passage comprises, for its part, serrated plates 42 carried by a central rod 41 and which alternate with perforated washers 43.
La tige centrale 41 s’étend axialement et elle est portée à chacune de ses extrémités par un isolateur 44 entourant la tige centrale 41 , et qui est disposé dans la pièce cylindrique 30 (figure 3).  The central rod 41 extends axially and is carried at each of its ends by an insulator 44 surrounding the central rod 41, and which is arranged in the cylindrical part 30 (FIG. 3).
La tige centrale 41 est reliée à un circuit 80 fournissant une haute tension stabilisée du type comportant un convertisseur fournissant une haute tension stabilisé ici négative et comprise entre 10 et 25 kV, avec réglage d’un variateur.  The central rod 41 is connected to a circuit 80 supplying a stabilized high voltage of the type comprising a converter supplying a stabilized high voltage here negative and between 10 and 25 kV, with adjustment of a variator.
Les plaques dentelées 42 et les rondelles perforées 43 forment des pièces émissives métalliques montées sur la tige centrale 41. Les plaques dentelées 42 et les rondelles perforées 43 sont disposées transversalement à la direction longitudinale du passage.  The serrated plates 42 and the perforated washers 43 form metallic emissive parts mounted on the central rod 41. The serrated plates 42 and the perforated washers 43 are arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the passage.
On va maintenant décrire plus en détails à l’appui de la figure 5, une des plaques dentelées 42 représentée sur les figures 2 à 4, les autres plaques dentelées 42 étant identique à la plaque dentelée 42 qui va être décrite par la suite. La plaque dentelée 42 est ici en forme d’étoile, c’est-à-dire avec un support central circulaire 45 pourvu à sa périphérie de branches triangulaires 46 dont l’extrémité forme une pointe 47. We will now describe in more detail in support of FIG. 5, one of the serrated plates 42 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the other serrated plates 42 being identical to the serrated plate 42 which will be described below. The serrated plate 42 is here in the shape of a star, that is to say with a circular central support 45 provided at its periphery with triangular branches 46 whose end forms a point 47.
Lorsque le dispositif 10 est assemblé, ces pointes 47 sont dirigées vers la structure collectrice 50, c’est-à-dire vers les tricots métalliques 51 , 52 et 53 (figure 2 et 3).  When the device 10 is assembled, these points 47 are directed towards the collecting structure 50, that is to say towards the metal knits 51, 52 and 53 (FIGS. 2 and 3).
Le support central circulaire 45 possède une ouverture centrale 48 apte à faire passer la tige centrale 41 , ainsi que des ouvertures périphériques 49, ici au nombre de huit. Les ouvertures périphériques 49 sont espacées régulièrement et de façon circulaire autour de l’ouverture centrale 48. Les ouvertures périphériques 49 permettent d’éviter les phénomènes de contre- pression.  The circular central support 45 has a central opening 48 capable of passing the central rod 41, as well as peripheral openings 49, here eight in number. The peripheral openings 49 are regularly and circularly spaced around the central opening 48. The peripheral openings 49 make it possible to avoid the phenomena of back pressure.
Les branches triangulaires 46 sont ici au nombre de seize et elles sont agencées régulièrement autour du support central circulaire 45. Chaque branche 46 comporte une ouverture 61 , au niveau de la pointe 47, configurée pour laisser passer un filament conducteur 62, ainsi qu’expliqué plus en détail par la suite.  The triangular branches 46 are here sixteen in number and they are arranged regularly around the circular central support 45. Each branch 46 has an opening 61, at the point 47, configured to allow a conductive filament 62 to pass, as explained in more detail later.
Le diamètre de chaque ouverture 61 est sensiblement égale au diamètre du filament conducteur 62 pour permettre son passage. Chaque ouverture 61 est située à une distance prédéterminée de la pointe 47, ici la distance est comprise entre 0,5 mm et 2 mm, préférentiellement 1 mm.  The diameter of each opening 61 is substantially equal to the diameter of the conductive filament 62 to allow its passage. Each opening 61 is located at a predetermined distance from the tip 47, here the distance is between 0.5 mm and 2 mm, preferably 1 mm.
Ainsi qu’expliqué auparavant, les plaques dentelées 42 alternent avec les rondelles métalliques perforées 43 que l’on va maintenant décrire à l’appui de la figure 6. Une seule rondelle perforée 43 est représentée sur cette figure, les autres rondelles métalliques 43 étant identiques à la rondelle métallique 43 qui va être décrite.  As explained above, the serrated plates 42 alternate with the perforated metal washers 43 which will now be described in support of FIG. 6. A single perforated washer 43 is shown in this figure, the other metal washers 43 being identical to the metal washer 43 which will be described.
La rondelle perforée 43 représentée sur la figure 6 possède ici le même diamètre extérieur que la plaque dentelée 42. La rondelle perforée 43 se présente ici sous la forme d’une hélice comportant un anneau 63 à partir duquel saille des pales 64, ici au nombre de quatre.  The perforated washer 43 shown in FIG. 6 here has the same outside diameter as the serrated plate 42. The perforated washer 43 is here in the form of a helix comprising a ring 63 from which protrudes blades 64, here in number of four.
L’anneau 63 possède une ouverture centrale 65 apte à faire passer la tige centrale 41. Chaque pale 64 comporte des ouvertures 66, ici au nombre de trois, apte à faire passer le filament 62 ainsi qu’expliqué plus en détail par la suite. Le diamètre de chaque ouverture 66 est sensiblement égale au diamètre du fil conducteur pour permettre son passage. De plus, chaque ouverture 66 est située à une distance prédéterminée de l’extrémité de la pâle 64, ici la distance est comprise entre 0,5 mm et 2 mm, préférentiellement 1 mm. The ring 63 has a central opening 65 capable of passing the central rod 41. Each blade 64 has openings 66, here three in number, capable of passing the filament 62 as explained in more detail below. The diameter of each opening 66 is substantially equal to the diameter of the conductive wire to allow its passage. In addition, each opening 66 is located at a predetermined distance from the end of the blade 64, here the distance is between 0.5 mm and 2 mm, preferably 1 mm.
La structure émissive 40 comporte également des filaments 62 conduisant l'électricité et aptes à être portés au potentiel de la structure émissive 40.  The emissive structure 40 also includes filaments 62 conducting electricity and able to be brought to the potential of the emissive structure 40.
On notera que ces filaments 62 sont très fins et ne sont pas visibles sur la coupe de la figure 2. Ces filaments 62 sont en revanche visibles sur les figures 3 et 4.  It will be noted that these filaments 62 are very fine and are not visible in the section of FIG. 2. These filaments 62 are however visible in FIGS. 3 and 4.
La structure émissive 40 comporte ici seize filaments 62 (dont huit sont représentés sur la coupe de la figure 3), soit autant de filaments 62 que de pointes 47 par plaque dentelée 42.  The emissive structure 40 here comprises sixteen filaments 62 (eight of which are shown in the section of FIG. 3), that is to say as many filaments 62 as tips 47 per serrated plate 42.
Les filaments 62 sont ici réalisés en tungstène, mais ils peuvent également être réalisés en inox et ils possèdent un diamètre prédéterminé préférentiellement de l’ordre de 0,5 mm.  The filaments 62 are here made of tungsten, but they can also be made of stainless steel and they preferably have a predetermined diameter of the order of 0.5 mm.
Les filaments 62 sont parallèles. Ils s’étendent longitudinalement dans la direction du passage, parallèlement à la tige centrale 41 et ils entourent la tige centrale 41 de façon circulaire.  The filaments 62 are parallel. They extend longitudinally in the direction of passage, parallel to the central rod 41 and they surround the central rod 41 in a circular fashion.
Les filaments 62 relient les pointes 47 des plaques dentelées 42 entre elles. Chaque filament 62 relie une pointe 47 d'une plaque dentelée 42 à une pointe 47 d'une autre plaque dentelée 42 à la manière d’un pont et ce, entre toutes les plaques dentelées 42, tout le long de la tige centrale 41.  The filaments 62 connect the tips 47 of the serrated plates 42 together. Each filament 62 connects a tip 47 of a serrated plate 42 to a tip 47 of another serrated plate 42 in the manner of a bridge and this, between all the serrated plates 42, all along the central rod 41.
Les filaments 62 passent ici par les ouvertures 61 des plaques dentelées 42. Les filaments 62 sont situés au niveau des pointes 47.  The filaments 62 pass here through the openings 61 of the serrated plates 42. The filaments 62 are located at the points 47.
On remarquera à cet effet que les plaques dentelées 42 comportent autant d'ouvertures 61 qu'il y a de filaments 62, c'est à dire ici seize ouvertures 61 par plaque dentelée 42 et seize filaments 62.  It will be noted for this purpose that the serrated plates 42 have as many openings 61 as there are filaments 62, that is to say here sixteen openings 61 per serrated plate 42 and sixteen filaments 62.
On remarquera également que les plaques dentelées 42 comportent autant de pointes 47 qu'il y a de filaments 62, c'est à dire ici seize pointes 47 et seize filaments 62. Concernant l’agencement des filaments 62 par rapport aux rondelles perforées, on notera que certains filaments 62 passent par les ouvertures 66 des rondelles perforées 43 et que d’autres filaments 62 passent par l’espace entre les pales 64. It will also be noted that the serrated plates 42 have as many points 47 as there are filaments 62, that is to say here sixteen points 47 and sixteen filaments 62. As regards the arrangement of the filaments 62 relative to the perforated washers, it will be noted that certain filaments 62 pass through the openings 66 of the perforated washers 43 and that other filaments 62 pass through the space between the blades 64.
On va maintenant décrire plus en détail l’agencement du filament 62 représenté en haut sur la figure 3.  We will now describe in more detail the arrangement of the filament 62 shown above in FIG. 3.
L’extrémité du filament 62 est relié à la tige centrale 41 , le filament 62 passe ensuite par l'ouverture 66 (représenté sur la figure 6) de la rondelle perforée 43 (la plus proche du disque d’extrémité 31 ), puis par l'ouverture 61 (représenté sur la figure 5) d’une première plaque dentelée 42 puis il passe par l'ouverture 66 (représenté sur la figure 6) d’une seconde rondelle perforée 43 puis par l'ouverture 61 (représenté sur la figure 5) d’une seconde plaque dentelée 42.  The end of the filament 62 is connected to the central rod 41, the filament 62 then passes through the opening 66 (shown in FIG. 6) of the perforated washer 43 (closest to the end disc 31), then through the opening 61 (shown in FIG. 5) of a first serrated plate 42 then it passes through the opening 66 (shown in FIG. 6) of a second perforated washer 43 then through the opening 61 (shown in the FIG. 5) of a second serrated plate 42.
Le filament 62 continu ensuite sont chemin de la même manière (non représenté sur la figure 3) jusqu'à la dernière rondelle perforée 43 de la tige centrale 41 (illustré tout à droite sur la figure 2) avant d’être relié de la même manière à la tige centrale 41 par son autre extrémité.  The filament 62 then continues on its way in the same way (not shown in FIG. 3) to the last perforated washer 43 of the central rod 41 (illustrated on the far right in FIG. 2) before being connected in the same way way to the central rod 41 by its other end.
On notera, qu’il en est de même pour les autres filaments 62 si ce n’est que certains filaments 62 ne passent pas par les ouvertures 66 des rondelles perforées 43 mais dans l’espace prévu entre les pales 64 (visible sur la figure 6).  Note that it is the same for the other filaments 62 except that certain filaments 62 do not pass through the openings 66 of the perforated washers 43 but in the space provided between the blades 64 (visible in the figure 6).
On notera également qu’alternativement les filaments 62 ne passent par les ouvertures 66 des rondelles perforées 43 mais qu'ils passent au-dessus des pales 64.  It will also be noted that, alternatively, the filaments 62 do not pass through the openings 66 of the perforated washers 43 but that they pass over the blades 64.
Chaque extrémité des filaments 62 est reliée électriquement à la tige centrale 41. Les filaments 62 sont ainsi portés à la même tension que la tige centrale 41.  Each end of the filaments 62 is electrically connected to the central rod 41. The filaments 62 are thus brought to the same tension as the central rod 41.
Lors de l’utilisation du dispositif de purification 10, les filaments 62 produisent un effet couronne additionnel à l’effet couronne produit par les pointes 47 ce qui permet une meilleure ionisation du gaz passant dans le passage et une meilleure collecte des particules.  When using the purification device 10, the filaments 62 produce a crown effect additional to the crown effect produced by the tips 47 which allows better ionization of the gas passing through the passage and better collection of particles.
Au surplus, les filaments 62 sont traversés par un courant prédéterminé apte à porter à incandescence les filaments 62. Ces derniers brûlent les particules de suies qui se déposent sur les pointes 47 des plaques dentelées 42. Les pointes 47 restent ainsi propres durant toute la durée de l’utilisation du dispositif 10, l'effet couronne est ainsi optimal pendant toute la durée d’utilisation du dispositif 10. In addition, the filaments 62 are traversed by a predetermined current capable of bringing the filaments 62 to incandescent. burn the soot particles which are deposited on the tips 47 of the serrated plates 42. The tips 47 thus remain clean throughout the duration of use of the device 10, the crown effect is thus optimal throughout the duration of use of the device 10.
L'enveloppe 1 1 est fermée à chacune de ses extrémités par une plaque d’extrémité, formée ici par un disque d’extrémité 31 et par un anneau 13, protégée par une coque disjointe 70 disposée à l’intérieur de l’enveloppe 11 et qui entoure l’une des extrémités de la structure émissive 40 (figures 2 et 3).  The envelope 1 1 is closed at each of its ends by an end plate, here formed by an end disc 31 and by a ring 13, protected by a disjointed shell 70 disposed inside the envelope 11 and which surrounds one of the ends of the emissive structure 40 (Figures 2 and 3).
On va maintenant décrire la partie gauche du dispositif 10 représentée schématiquement sur la figure 3, la partie droite étant identique à la partie gauche qui va être décrite par la suite.  We will now describe the left part of the device 10 shown schematically in Figure 3, the right part being identical to the left part which will be described later.
L’anneau 13 est monté sur le disque d’extrémité 31. Il est maintenu à l’enveloppe 11 par un collier de serrage 19. L’anneau 13 et le collier 19 permettent de démonter facilement la pièce cylindrique 30 pour faciliter le nettoyage du dispositif de filtration 10.  The ring 13 is mounted on the end disc 31. It is held in the casing 11 by a clamp 19. The ring 13 and the collar 19 allow the cylindrical part 30 to be easily removed to facilitate cleaning of the filtration device 10.
On va maintenant décrire, à l’appui des figures 3, 7 et 8, la pièce cylindre 30.  We will now describe, using figures 3, 7 and 8, the cylinder part 30.
La pièce cylindrique 30 comporte le disque d’extrémité 31 , une première partie tubulaire 32 et une seconde partie tubulaire 33, opposée l’une à l’autre, et qui saillent du disque d’extrémité 31.  The cylindrical part 30 comprises the end disc 31, a first tubular part 32 and a second tubular part 33, opposite one another, and which project from the end disc 31.
La seconde partie tubulaire 33 est disposée à l’extérieure de l’enveloppe 11 et la première partie tubulaire 32 est disposée à l’intérieur de l’enveloppe 11.  The second tubular part 33 is arranged outside the envelope 11 and the first tubular part 32 is arranged inside the envelope 11.
L’isolateur 44, ici en céramique, est agencé à l’intérieur de la seconde partie tubulaire 33. L’isolateur 44 porte et entoure la tige centrale 41. Il a pour fonction de protéger électriquement la pièce cylindrique 30 de la tige centrale 41 qui est portée à une haute tension stabilisé (figure 3).  The insulator 44, here made of ceramic, is arranged inside the second tubular part 33. The insulator 44 carries and surrounds the central rod 41. Its function is to electrically protect the cylindrical part 30 from the central rod 41 which is brought to a stabilized high voltage (Figure 3).
La seconde partie tubulaire comporte en outre deux boulons 35 sur sa face externe qui sont reliés ici à la masse du circuit et plus précisément à la terre (non représenté).  The second tubular part further comprises two bolts 35 on its external face which are here connected to the ground of the circuit and more precisely to the ground (not shown).
Le disque d’extrémité 31 comporte une ouverture centrale 34 reliant la première partie tubulaire 32 et la seconde partie tubulaire 33 et formant un passage interne pour la tige centrale 41 entre la première partie tubulaire 32 et la seconde partie tubulaire 33. The end disc 31 has a central opening 34 connecting the first tubular part 32 and the second tubular part 33 and forming a internal passage for the central rod 41 between the first tubular part 32 and the second tubular part 33.
On remarquera que le disque d’extrémité 31 possède un diamètre externe supérieur au diamètre externe de la première partie tubulaire 32 et au diamètre externe de la seconde partie tubulaire 33.  It will be noted that the end disc 31 has an external diameter greater than the external diameter of the first tubular part 32 and the external diameter of the second tubular part 33.
On remarque également que le diamètre externe de la première partie tubulaire 32 est inférieur au diamètre externe de la seconde partie tubulaire 33.  It is also noted that the external diameter of the first tubular part 32 is less than the external diameter of the second tubular part 33.
On va maintenant décrire la coque 70, située sensiblement au niveau de l'ouverture 14, en référence aux figures 3, 9 et 10. La coque 70 située à l'opposée au niveau de l'ouverture 15 est identique à la coque qui va être maintenant décrite.  We will now describe the shell 70, located substantially at the opening 14, with reference to Figures 3, 9 and 10. The shell 70 located opposite to the opening 15 is identical to the shell which will now be described.
La coque 70 à la forme d’une cloche. Elle comporte une paroi circulaire 72 fermée à l’une de ses extrémités par un toit 71 ainsi qu'un tube central 73 apte à recevoir la tige centrale 41.  The shell 70 has the shape of a bell. It comprises a circular wall 72 closed at one of its ends by a roof 71 as well as a central tube 73 capable of receiving the central rod 41.
Le toit 71 se présente sous la forme d’un disque disposé transversalement à la direction longitudinale du passage et à partir duquel s’étend longitudinalement, dans la direction du passage vers le disque d’extrémité 31 , la paroi circulaire 72.  The roof 71 is in the form of a disc arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the passage and from which extends longitudinally, in the direction of the passage towards the end disc 31, the circular wall 72.
Le toit 71 et la paroi circulaire 72 délimitent une cavité tournée vers le disque d’extrémité 31 et l’anneau 13.  The roof 71 and the circular wall 72 delimit a cavity facing the end disc 31 and the ring 13.
Le tube central 73 s'étend au centre de la coque 70 et il comprend une extrémité 74 qui s'étend légèrement au-delà du toit 71 et une extrémité opposée 75 qui s'étend légèrement au-delà de de la paroi cylindrique 72.  The central tube 73 extends in the center of the shell 70 and it includes an end 74 which extends slightly beyond the roof 71 and an opposite end 75 which extends slightly beyond the cylindrical wall 72.
La coque 70 est fixée à la tige centrale 41 par un boulon (non représenté sur la figure 3) au niveau de l'extrémité 74 qui s'étend légèrement au- delà du toit 71. Elle est portée à la même tension stabilisée que la tige centrale 41.  The shell 70 is fixed to the central rod 41 by a bolt (not shown in FIG. 3) at the end 74 which extends slightly beyond the roof 71. It is brought to the same stabilized tension as the central rod 41.
On remarquera que les extrémités des filaments 62 sont reliées à la tige centrale 41 au niveau de l’extrémité 74 du tube central 73. La coque 70, la tige centrale 41 et les filaments 62 sont ainsi portés au même potentiel prédéterminée. De l'autre côté de la coque 70, la première partie tubulaire 32 pénètre dans la coque 70, et plus particulièrement dans la cavité délimitée par la paroi circulaire 72 et le toit 71 , pour former une chicane pour le flux de gaz. Cette chicane protège l’isolant 44 des suies et de l’humidité. It will be noted that the ends of the filaments 62 are connected to the central rod 41 at the end 74 of the central tube 73. The shell 70, the central rod 41 and the filaments 62 are thus brought to the same predetermined potential. On the other side of the shell 70, the first tubular part 32 penetrates into the shell 70, and more particularly into the cavity delimited by the circular wall 72 and the roof 71, to form a baffle for the gas flow. This baffle protects the insulator 44 from soot and moisture.
La première partie tubulaire 32 possède un diamètre supérieur au tube centrale 73 qu'elle encercle et la paroi circulaire 72 possède un diamètre supérieur à la première partie tubulaire 32 qu'elle encercle.  The first tubular part 32 has a diameter greater than the central tube 73 which it encircles and the circular wall 72 has a diameter greater than the first tubular part 32 which it encircles.
L'extrémité opposée 75 du tube central 73 est située sensiblement dans l'ouverture centrale 34 du disque d'extrémité 31 au niveau de l'isolateur 44. L'extrémité de la paroi circulaire 72, opposée à l'extrémité fermée par le toit 71 , est quant à elle située à proximité du disque d'extrémité 31.  The opposite end 75 of the central tube 73 is located substantially in the central opening 34 of the end disc 31 at the insulator 44. The end of the circular wall 72, opposite the end closed by the roof 71, is in turn located near the end disc 31.
On remarquera que la coque 70 n'est pas en contact avec la pièce cylindrique 30 si ce n'est au niveau de l'ouverture centrale 34 avec l'isolateur 44 située dans la seconde partie tubulaire 32 qui protège électriquement la coque 70 de la pièce cylindrique 30.  It will be noted that the shell 70 is not in contact with the cylindrical part 30 except at the level of the central opening 34 with the insulator 44 located in the second tubular part 32 which electrically protects the shell 70 from the cylindrical part 30.
La tige centrale 41 est reliée au circuit 80 fournissant une haute tension stabilisée négative. Elle passe par le passage interne de la pièce cylindrique 30 et elle est portée par l’isolateur 44, située dans la seconde partie tubulaire 33, qui l’entoure.  The central rod 41 is connected to the circuit 80 providing a negative stabilized high voltage. It passes through the internal passage of the cylindrical part 30 and it is carried by the insulator 44, located in the second tubular part 33, which surrounds it.
L’isolateur 44 protège ainsi électriquement la pièce cylindrique 30 de la tige centrale 41.  The insulator 44 thus electrically protects the cylindrical part 30 from the central rod 41.
On remarquera que la tige centrale 41 passe par le passage interne de la pièce cylindrique 30 sans être en contact avec la pièce cylindrique 30 si ce n'est avec l'isolateur 44 qui entoure la tige centrale 41.  It will be noted that the central rod 41 passes through the internal passage of the cylindrical part 30 without being in contact with the cylindrical part 30 if not with the insulator 44 which surrounds the central rod 41.
La plaque d’extrémité (disque d’extrémité 31 et anneau 13) et la coque The end plate (end disc 31 and ring 13) and the shell
70 possède chacune un potentiel prédéterminée différent. Plus généralement, ici, la pièce cylindrique 30 et l'anneau 13 possède un potentiel prédéterminé différent du potentiel prédéterminé de la coque 70. 70 each has a different predetermined potential. More generally, here, the cylindrical part 30 and the ring 13 have a predetermined potential different from the predetermined potential of the shell 70.
La coque 70 est portée ici à un potentiel négatif compris entre - 10 kV et - 25 kV par le circuit 80 de haute tension stabilisé alors que la plaque d'extrémité, relié ici à la masse et plus précisément à la terre par l'intermédiaire des boulons 35, est ici portée à un potentiel nul. Cette différence de potentiel entre la plaque d’extrémité (plus généralement la pièce cylindrique 30) et la coque 70 crée un champ électrique de répulsion au voisinage de la plaque d’extrémité dirigé vers le passage pour le milieu gazeux chargé de particules. The shell 70 is brought here to a negative potential of between - 10 kV and - 25 kV by the stabilized high voltage circuit 80 while the end plate, here connected to ground and more precisely to the ground via bolts 35, is here brought to a zero potential. This difference in potential between the end plate (more generally the cylindrical part 30) and the shell 70 creates an electric repulsion field in the vicinity of the end plate directed towards the passage for the gaseous medium charged with particles.
La différence de potentiel est ici comprise entre - 10 kV et - 25 kV. The potential difference here is between - 10 kV and - 25 kV.
Généralement cette différence de potentiel est comprise entre - 35 kV et 0 kV. Generally this potential difference is between - 35 kV and 0 kV.
Les particules de suies chargés sont ainsi repoussées de la plaque d’extrémité (disque d’extrémité 31 et anneau 13) dans la direction du passage. On évite ainsi le dépôt de particules suies sur la plaque d'extrémité.  The charged soot particles are thus repelled from the end plate (end disc 31 and ring 13) in the direction of passage. This avoids the deposition of soot particles on the end plate.
Les particules de suies arrivant avec une vitesse prédéterminée dans le dispositif 10 au niveau de l’entrée 14 sont ainsi repoussées dans le passage ce qui permet d’éviter le dépôt de particules de suies sur le disque d’extrémité 31 et sur l'anneau 13.  The soot particles arriving with a predetermined speed in the device 10 at the level of the inlet 14 are thus repelled in the passage which makes it possible to avoid the deposit of soot particles on the end disc 31 and on the ring. 13.
On évite ainsi la formation d'arcs électriques sur la plaque d'extrémité, responsable d'une baisse d'efficacité du dispositif de purification 10. On évite également l’arrêt du dispositif de purification 10 afin de nettoyer la face du disque d'extrémité 31 et de l’anneau 13 disposée en regard du passage.  This avoids the formation of electric arcs on the end plate, responsible for a reduction in efficiency of the purification device 10. It also avoids stopping the purification device 10 in order to clean the face of the disc. end 31 and the ring 13 disposed opposite the passage.
Dans des variantes non illustrées :  In variants not shown:
- la pièce cylindrique 30 est isolée de l’enveloppe 11 par exemple grâce à un isolant circulaire et la pièce cylindrique 30 n’est pas reliée à la masse mais à un circuit fournissant une haute tension stabilisée apte à porter la plaque d’extrémité à un potentiel prédéterminé différent de 0 V, par exemple 5 kV.  the cylindrical part 30 is isolated from the casing 11 for example by means of a circular insulator and the cylindrical part 30 is not connected to ground but to a circuit supplying a stabilized high voltage capable of carrying the end plate to a predetermined potential different from 0 V, for example 5 kV.
- l’enveloppe 11 et les tricots métalliques 51 , 52 et 53 ne sont pas de forme circulaire mais plutôt carré ;  - the envelope 11 and the metallic knits 51, 52 and 53 are not circular in shape but rather square;
- le nombre de branche triangulaire 46 des plaques dentelées 42 est différent de seize, par exemple huit ou quatre ou tout autre valeur pouvant convenir ;  - The number of triangular branch 46 of the serrated plates 42 is different from sixteen, for example eight or four or any other value which may be suitable;
- l’entrée de la chambre de filtration électrostatique 20 par lequel pénètre le milieu gazeux chargé de particules n’est pas l’ouverture 14 mais l’ouverture 15 et la sortie de la chambre de filtration électrostatique 20 par lequel le milieu gazeux débarrassé de ses particules est rejeté n’est pas l’ouverture 15 mais l’ouverture 14 ; - il n’y a pas d’anneau 13, le disque d'extrémité 31 est fixé directement sur l'extrémité de l'enveloppe 1 1 au moyen du collier de serrage 19 the inlet to the electrostatic filtration chamber 20 through which the gaseous medium charged with particles penetrates is not the opening 14 but the opening 15 and the outlet from the electrostatic filtration chamber 20 through which the gaseous medium freed of its particles is rejected is not the opening 15 but the opening 14; - There is no ring 13, the end disc 31 is fixed directly to the end of the casing 1 1 by means of the clamp 19
- l’enveloppe 11 n’est pas formée par trois cages 16, 17 et 18 mais par une seule cage cylindrique comportant l’ouverture 14 et l’ouverture 15 ; - the casing 11 is not formed by three cages 16, 17 and 18 but by a single cylindrical cage comprising the opening 14 and the opening 15;
- la structure collectrice 50 n'est pas formée par trois tricots métalliques 51 , 52 et 53 mais par un seul tricot métallique s'étendant jusqu' à chacune des plaques d'extrémité ;  - The collecting structure 50 is not formed by three metallic knits 51, 52 and 53 but by a single metallic knit extending up to each of the end plates;
- les plaques dentelées 42 ne sont pas en forme d’étoile mais en forme de lame pouvant être vrillées ou en forme de plaque présentant de part et d’autre d’une surface centrale de déflexion, des échancrures formant les pointes 47 et la structure collectrice 50 n’est pas formée par des tricots métalliques circulaires 51 , 52 et 53 mais par des plaques situées de part et d’autre, c’est-à- dire à gauche et à droite, des plaques dentelées 42 ;  - the serrated plates 42 are not star-shaped but in the form of a blade that can be twisted or in the form of a plate having on either side of a central deflection surface, notches forming the points 47 and the structure collector 50 is not formed by circular metallic knits 51, 52 and 53 but by plates located on either side, that is to say to the left and to the right, serrated plates 42;
- les rondelles perforées 43 sont remplacées par des couronnes perforées comportant les ouvertures 66 ;  - The perforated washers 43 are replaced by perforated rings having the openings 66;
- un transformateur haute tension à deux pôles, à savoir un négatif et l'autre positif, fournissant une tension pouvant être réglé de 0 à 20000 volts est utilisé, le pôle négatif capable de générer de l'électricité haute tension négative entre 0 et 20000 volts est connecté à la tige centrale 41 fournissant un effet couronne par l’intermédiaire des plaques dentelées 42 et des filaments 62, la tige centrale 41 étant isolée par une céramique diélectrique, le pôle positif capable de générer de l'électricité haute tension positive entre 0 et 20000 est connecté à la structure collectrice 50 formée d’une cartouche réalisée à partir d’un tricot en fil métallique, la structure collectrice 50 étant isolée de l'enveloppe 1 1 par un isolant circulaire ; on notera qu’alternativement le pôle positif peut être connecté à la tige centrale et le pôle négatif peut être connecté à la structure collectrice ; on génère ainsi une source d'alimentation haute-tension à différence de potentiel de façon à contrôler la concertation d'ozone tout en ayant une meilleure efficacité.  - a high voltage transformer with two poles, namely a negative and the other positive, providing a voltage that can be adjusted from 0 to 20,000 volts is used, the negative pole capable of generating negative high voltage electricity between 0 and 20,000 volts is connected to the central rod 41 providing a crown effect via the serrated plates 42 and the filaments 62, the central rod 41 being insulated by a dielectric ceramic, the positive pole capable of generating positive high voltage electricity between 0 and 20000 is connected to the collecting structure 50 formed of a cartridge produced from a knitted wire, the collecting structure 50 being isolated from the casing 11 by a circular insulator; note that alternatively the positive pole can be connected to the central rod and the negative pole can be connected to the collecting structure; a high-voltage power source with potential difference is thus generated so as to control the ozone concentration while having better efficiency.
- le dispositif de purification 10 comporte en amont de l’électrofiltre à effet couronne un autre électrofiltre similaire dans lequel pénètre de l’air propre et ressort de l’air ionisé qui est injecté par l’ouverture 14 dans l’électrofiltre à effet couronne afin d’être mélangé avec les particules des gaz d’échappement, et the purification device 10 comprises, upstream of the crown effect electrostatic precipitator, another similar electrostatic precipitator into which clean air enters and comes out of the ionized air which is injected through the opening 14 into the corona electrostatic precipitator in order to be mixed with the particles of the exhaust gases, and
- le dispositif de purification 10 n’est pas utilisé pour la purification des gaz d’échappement d’un moteur à combustion interne mais il est utilisé plus particulièrement dans une installation industrielle, dans une usine thermique ou dans une unité d’incinération ;  - The purification device 10 is not used for the purification of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine but it is used more particularly in an industrial installation, in a thermal plant or in an incineration unit;
De nombreuses autres variantes sont possibles en fonction des circonstances et l’on rappelle à cet égard que l’invention ne se limite pas aux exemples décrits et représentés.  Many other variants are possible depending on the circumstances and it is recalled in this regard that the invention is not limited to the examples described and shown.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Dispositif de purification d'un milieu gazeux chargé de particules comportant :  1. Device for purifying a gaseous medium charged with particles comprising:
une enveloppe (11 ) fermée à ses extrémités par une plaque d’extrémité (31 ) protégée par une coque (70) disjointe entourant l’une des extrémités d’une structure émissive et présentant une cavité tournée vers ladite plaque d’extrémité (31 ), ladite coque (70) étant disposée à l’intérieur de ladite enveloppe (11 ) ;  an envelope (11) closed at its ends by an end plate (31) protected by a disjointed shell (70) surrounding one end of an emissive structure and having a cavity turned towards said end plate (31 ), said shell (70) being disposed inside said envelope (11);
une chambre de filtration électrostatique (20) ayant un passage pour le milieu gazeux chargé de particules s’étendant dans ladite enveloppe (11 ) entre une entrée (14) de ce milieu dans la chambre et une sortie (15) de cette dernière ; ladite chambre (20) comportant  an electrostatic filtration chamber (20) having a passage for the gaseous medium charged with particles extending in said envelope (11) between an inlet (14) of this medium in the chamber and an outlet (15) of the latter; said chamber (20) comprising
• une structure émissive (40) comportant des plaques dentelées (42) formant des pointes (47) dirigées vers une structure collectrice (50) ; et • an emissive structure (40) comprising serrated plates (42) forming spikes (47) directed towards a collecting structure (50); and
• ladite structure collectrice (50) étant de part et d’autre de ladite structure émissive (40) et conçue pour piéger les particules contenues dans le milieu gazeux ; • said collecting structure (50) being on either side of said emissive structure (40) and designed to trap the particles contained in the gaseous medium;
caractérisé en ce que ladite plaque d’extrémité (31 ) et ladite coque (70) sont chacune portées à un potentiel prédéterminé différent de manière à créer un champ électrique de répulsion au voisinage de ladite plaque d’extrémité (31 ), dirigé vers ledit passage.  characterized in that said end plate (31) and said shell (70) are each brought to a different predetermined potential so as to create an electric repulsion field in the vicinity of said end plate (31), directed towards said passage.
2. Dispositif de purification selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ladite plaque d’extrémité (31 ) est portée à un potentiel nul et en ce que ladite coque (70) est portée à un potentiel négatif compris entre - 10 KV et - 25 KV.  2. Purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that said end plate (31) is brought to a zero potential and in that said shell (70) is brought to a negative potential of between - 10 KV and - 25 KV.
3. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la différence de potentiel entre ladite plaque d’extrémité (31 ) et ladite coque (70) est comprise entre -35 KV et 0 KV.  3. Purification device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the potential difference between said end plate (31) and said shell (70) is between -35 KV and 0 KV.
4. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite coque (70) à la forme d’une cloche formée par une paroi circulaire (72) étant fermée à l’une de ses extrémités par un toit (71 ).  4. Purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said shell (70) in the form of a bell formed by a circular wall (72) being closed at one of its ends by a roof (71).
5. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite enveloppe (11 ) est de forme circulaire et en ce que ladite plaque d’extrémité est formée par un disque d’extrémité (31 ) d’une pièce cylindrique (30) comportant une première partie tubulaire (32) et une seconde partie tubulaire (33) saillant dudit disque d’extrémité (31 ), ladite première partie tubulaire (32) et ladite seconde partie tubulaire (33) étant opposée l’une à l’autre par rapport audit disque d’extrémité (31 ) avec la première partie tubulaire (32) qui est disposée à l’intérieur de ladite enveloppe (11 ) et avec la seconde partie tubulaire (33) qui est disposée à l’extérieur de ladite enveloppe (11 ), ledit disque d’extrémité (31 ) comportant en outre une ouverture centrale (34) formant un passage interne dans ladite pièce cylindrique (30) entre ladite première partie tubulaire (32) et ladite seconde partie tubulaire (33). 5. Purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said envelope (11) is of circular shape and in that that said end plate is formed by an end disc (31) of a cylindrical part (30) comprising a first tubular part (32) and a second tubular part (33) projecting from said end disc (31) , said first tubular part (32) and said second tubular part (33) being opposite to each other with respect to said end disc (31) with the first tubular part (32) which is arranged inside of said casing (11) and with the second tubular part (33) which is disposed outside of said casing (11), said end disc (31) further comprising a central opening (34) forming an internal passage in said cylindrical part (30) between said first tubular part (32) and said second tubular part (33).
6. Dispositif de purification selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que ladite première partie tubulaire (32) pénètre dans ladite coque (70) pour former une chicane (76) pour le flux de gaz.  6. Purification device according to claim 5, characterized in that said first tubular part (32) penetrates into said shell (70) to form a baffle (76) for the gas flow.
7. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que lesdites plaques dentelées (42) sont portées par une tige centrale (41 ) passant par ledit passage interne de ladite pièce cylindrique (30), ladite tige centrale (41 ) étant reliée à un circuit fournissant une haute tension stabilisée (80) et étant portée à chacune de ses extrémités par un isolateur (44) entourant ladite tige centrale (41 ), ledit isolateur (44) étant disposé dans ladite seconde partie tubulaire (33) de ladite pièce cylindrique (30) pour protéger électriquement ladite pièce cylindrique (30) de ladite tige centrale (41 ).  7. Purification device according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that said serrated plates (42) are carried by a central rod (41) passing through said internal passage of said cylindrical part (30), said rod central (41) being connected to a circuit supplying a stabilized high voltage (80) and being carried at each of its ends by an insulator (44) surrounding said central rod (41), said insulator (44) being arranged in said second part tubular (33) of said cylindrical piece (30) to electrically protect said cylindrical piece (30) from said central rod (41).
8. Dispositif de purification selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ladite coque (70) est fixée à ladite tige centrale (41 ) et en ce que ladite coque (70) est portée à la même dite tension stabilisée que ladite tige centrale (41 ).  8. Purification device according to claim 7, characterized in that said shell (70) is fixed to said central rod (41) and in that said shell (70) is brought to the same said stabilized tension as said central rod ( 41).
9. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que ladite tension stabilisée de ladite tige centrale (41 ) est négative préférentiellement entre -10 KV et -25 KV.  9. Purification device according to any one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that said stabilized voltage of said central rod (41) is preferably negative between -10 KV and -25 KV.
10. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ladite structure émissive (40) comporte au moins un filament (62) conduisant l’électricité et apte à être porté au potentiel de ladite structure émissive (40), ledit au moins un filament (62) reliant au moins une dite pointe (47) d’au moins deux dites plaques dentelées (42) entre elles. 10. Purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said emissive structure (40) comprises at least one filament (62) conducting electricity and able to be brought to the potential of said emissive structure ( 40), said at least one filament (62) connecting at least one said point (47) of at least two said serrated plates (42) therebetween.
11 . Dispositif de purification selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un filament (62) relie une dite pointe (47) de toutes lesdites plaques dentelées (42).  11. Purification device according to claim 10, characterized in that said at least one filament (62) connects a said point (47) of all of said serrated plates (42).
12. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 10 ou 11 , caractérisé en ce que lesdites plaques dentelées (42) comportent chacune au moins une ouverture (61 ) par laquelle passe ledit au moins un filament conducteur (62).  12. Purification device according to any one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that said serrated plates (42) each comprise at least one opening (61) through which said at least one conductive filament (62) passes.
13. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un filament (62) est relié électriquement à une tige centrale (41 ) portant lesdites plaques dentelées (42) et étant reliée à un circuit fournissant une haute tension stabilisée (80).  13. Purification device according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that said at least one filament (62) is electrically connected to a central rod (41) carrying said serrated plates (42) and being connected to a circuit supplying a stabilized high voltage (80).
14. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que ladite structure émissive (40) comporte plusieurs dits filaments (62) parallèles entourant ladite structure émissive (40) de façon circulaire.  14. Purification device according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that said emissive structure (40) comprises several said filaments (62) parallel surrounding said emissive structure (40) in a circular fashion.
15. Dispositif de purification selon les revendications 12 et 13, caractérisé en ce que lesdites plaques dentelées (42) comportent autant de dites ouvertures (61 ) que de dits filaments (62).  15. Purification device according to claims 12 and 13, characterized in that said serrated plates (42) have as many said openings (61) as said filaments (62).
16. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que lesdites plaques dentelées (42) sont en forme d’étoile, c’est-à-dire avec un support central circulaire (45) pourvu à sa périphérie de branches triangulaires (46) dont l’extrémité forme lesdites pointes (47).  16. Purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that said serrated plates (42) are in the shape of a star, that is to say with a circular central support (45) provided with its periphery of triangular branches (46), the end of which forms said points (47).
17. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que lesdites plaques dentelées (42) alternent avec des rondelles perforées (43) en forme d’hélice.  17. Purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that said serrated plates (42) alternate with perforated washers (43) in the form of a helix.
18. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que ladite entrée (14) et ladite sortie (15) forment chacune un angle avec l’axe dudit passage générant un effet cyclonique dans ledit passage. 18. Purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that said inlet (14) and said outlet (15) each form an angle with the axis of said passage generating a cyclonic effect in said passage.
19. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce que ladite entrée (14) et ladite sortie (15) sont diamétralement opposées. 19. Purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that said inlet (14) and said outlet (15) are diametrically opposite.
20. Dispositif de purification selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 19, caractérisé en ce que ladite structure collectrice (50) s’étend jusqu’à chacune desdites plaques d’extrémité (31 ) de ladite enveloppe (11 ).  20. Purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that said collecting structure (50) extends up to each of said end plates (31) of said envelope (11).
21. Utilisation d’un dispositif de purification tel que défini par l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 20 pour la purification des gaz d’échappement d’un moteur à combustion interne.  21. Use of a purification device as defined by any one of claims 1 to 20 for the purification of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine.
EP19737864.9A 2018-06-22 2019-06-13 Device for purifying a gaseous medium loaded with particles Pending EP3810330A1 (en)

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FR3082760A1 (en) 2019-12-27

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