Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
  • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
  • F01D5/3007—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
  • F01D25/28—Supporting or mounting arrangements, e.g. for turbine casing
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
  • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
  • F01D25/28—Supporting or mounting arrangements, e.g. for turbine casing
  • F01D25/285—Temporary support structures, e.g. for testing, assembling, installing, repairing; Assembly methods using such structures
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
  • F05D2230/70—Disassembly methods
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
  • F05D2260/00—Function
  • F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position

Definitions

• the present disclosure relates to a holding system for disassembling an impeller and a method of disassembling an impeller.
• a turbine rotor comprising a mobile impeller 1, that is to say configured to be driven in rotation about the axis of the rotor, represented in FIG. 1, forming a crown, and which comprises a disc 2 around which are circumferentially mounted a set of blades 3. It is also known to maintain the blades 3 axially by means of a retaining ring 17.
• the retaining ring 17 is subject to faster wear than the disc 2. It is therefore to be replaced more regularly.
• the present presentation aims to solve all or part of the drawbacks mentioned above.
• the present disclosure relates to a holding system for the disassembly of an impeller, the impeller comprising:
• a plurality of blades configured to be mounted circumferentially around the disc, the plurality of blades defining a plurality of inter-blade spaces, the spaces inter-blades each being defined circumferentially between two adjacent blades of the plurality of blades,
• the holding system comprising a plurality of inserts, each of the inserts being configured to be inserted in each of the inter ⁇ blade spaces in a holding position so as to maintain the relative position of the blades when the plurality of blades is removed from the disc .
• This axis corresponds to the impeller rotation tax.
• the axial direction corresponds to the direction of the impeller of the impeller and a radial direction is a direction perpendicular to the axis of the impeller and intersecting this axis.
• an axial plane is a plane containing the impeller of the impeller and a radial plane is a plane perpendicular to this axis.
• a circumference is understood as a circle belonging to a radial plane and the center of which belongs to the axis of the impeller.
• a circumferential direction is a direction along a circumference.
• the inner / inner and outer / outer adjectives are used with reference to a radial direction so that the inner part of an element is, in a radial direction, closer to the axis of the wheel. paddle as the outer part of the same element.
• the holding position is at a determined height of the inter-blade space in the radial direction.
• the center of the insert in the radial direction is at the determined height.
• the holding position of the inserts is preferably as close as possible to the disc, in order to best maintain the blades.
• the impeller further includes a retaining ring configured to axially hold the blades on the disc.
• each blade of the plurality of blades comprises a foot, a blade and a head, arranged in this order in a longitudinal direction of the blade.
• the longitudinal direction of the blade corresponds to the radial direction.
• the holding position of the inserts is at an internal portion of the inter-blade space, defined between the blade root and the center of the inter-blade space according to a radial direction.
• each insert has a shape corresponding to the inter-blade space, defined between two adjacent blades.
• at least a portion of the inserts follows the shape of a portion of the blades of two adjacent blades.
• each insert in the holding position, is disposed against, and preferably directly against, each of the adjacent blades defining the inter-blade space.
• each of the inserts comprises at least one portion of an aluminum-based alloy, and / or a polymer having a shore A hardness of between 75 and 100.
• the inserts could comprise a portion comprising an aluminum-based alloy covered with a polymer.
• the polymer is a resin. It is understood that the at least one portion comprising aluminum, or a polymer having a shore A hardness of between 75 and 100 is a portion in contact with a blade.
• the at least one portion consists of an aluminum-based alloy, and / or of a polymer having a shore A hardness of between 75 and 100.
• the material forming the blade is less tender than the aluminum-based alloy and / or the polymer having a shore A hardness of between 75 and 100.
• the inserts have a thickness in a radial direction greater than or equal to 10% of the height of a blade of a blade in the radial direction.
• the height of a blade of a blade means the greatest distance between a platform of the blade root and a platform of the blade head.
• the thickness is approximately 10 mm, for a blade height of approximately 100 mm.
• the insert comprises a first part and a second part.
• the first part is the part of the insert intended to be inserted in the inter-blade space.
• the second part is used, for example, for mounting the insert.
• the greatest length in an axial direction of the first part is between 10 mm and 20 mm, that is to say represents between 70% and 100% of the length of the blade of the blade in the axial direction.
• the holding system comprises a gripping portion configured to be mounted on an insert of the plurality of inserts, the gripping portion being configured to allow the gripping of the insert and facilitate assembly of the insert in an inter-blade space.
• the gripping portion configured to be mounted on an insert of the plurality of inserts, the gripping portion being configured to allow the gripping of the insert and facilitate assembly of the insert in an inter-blade space.
• the gripping portion can allow the inserts to be mounted directly at their holding position, by a movement which follows the shape of the insert.
• the gripping portion can form a lever arm which allows to be able to exert sufficient force on the insert to insert it directly into the holding position.
• the holding system comprises a device for positioning the plurality of inserts, each insert of the plurality of inserts being configured to be attached to the positioning device so as to hold in position the inserts, that is to say so that the inserts are arranged in the holding position.
• the inserts are substantially aligned in a circumferential direction, which allows to balance the forces exerted on the blades, and thus more effectively maintain the position of the blades relative to each other, and will facilitate the disassembly of the disk.
• the positioning device allows slightly different insert holding positions in the radial direction, so as to compensate for the dimensional tolerances / dispersions of the blades.
• substantially or “slightly” is meant that the actual height in the radial direction of the inserts in their holding position differs by at most 5% from the determined height.
• the positioning device allows the radial locking of the inserts which ensures the integrity of the assembly comprising the blades and the inserts, especially when the disc is disassembled.
• the positioning device comprises a positioning ring, the positioning ring comprising fixing elements to allow the fixing of the inserts on the positioning ring.
• the inserts are held in their holding position, which makes it possible to more effectively maintain the relative position of the blades.
• the positioning device is annular.
• the fastening elements allow the fastening of the inserts on the positioning ring.
• the fastening elements of the positioning device are intended to be arranged opposite the inserts when the inserts are in the holding position, to allow the fastening of the inserts on the positioning device.
• the fastening elements comprise oblong openings each opening towards an inter-blade space.
• the oblong slots extend in the radial direction so as to allow a slightly different positioning of the inserts relative to each other in the radial direction.
• the inserts each include a blind hole extending in the axial direction.
• the blind hole is intended to come opposite the oblong lumen when the insert is in the holding position.
• a fixing member makes it possible to fix the insert on the positioning ring, by cooperating with the blind hole.
• the blind hole is bored and the fixing member is threaded.
• the fasteners are threaded and are configured to cooperate with the bored blind holes present in each of the inserts.
• the fixing members are configured to hold the inserts against the positioning ring, for example by means of a stop element, such as a screw head.
• the inserts each include a first member and a second member, the first and second members being configured to be arranged in an inter-blade space, the first member being disposed against a first blade, and the second member being disposed against a second blade circumferentially adjacent to the first blade; and a clamp, configured to be inserted between the first and second organs so as to maintain the insert between the first and second blades.
• the clamping piece is configured to be inserted between the first and second members in the axial direction.
• the mounting of the inserts can be performed axially especially when the radial mounting is difficult to achieve in certain circumstances.
• This embodiment of the inserts also makes it possible to adapt the clamping to each inter-blade space, as a function of the insertion of the clamping piece.
• the holding system comprises a stop disc, allowing the positioning of the inserts.
• At least one of the first and second members comprises a guide surface, configured to guide the clamping piece during its insertion between the first and second members and to avoid the radial displacement of the clamping piece .
• the clamping piece comprises a stopper configured to come into contact with the first and second members when the clamping piece is mounted between the first and second members.
• the clamping piece has a wedge shape, bevel, conical or rectangular.
• the present disclosure also relates to a method for dismantling an impeller comprising a disc and a plurality of blades circumferentially mounted around the disc, the plurality of blades defining a plurality of inter-blade spaces. , the inter-blade spaces each being defined circumferentially between two adjacent blades of the plurality of blades, the disassembly process comprising the following steps:
• the method further comprises the following steps:
• step A In certain embodiments, during step A:
• the inserts are inserted at a radially external portion of the inter-blade spaces
• the inserts are moved in a radial direction, radially inward, until reaching the holding position.
• the inserts are inserted directly at their holding position, thanks to a gripping portion, by a movement which follows the shape of the insert.
• the gripping portion can form a lever arm which allows to be able to exert sufficient force on the insert to insert it directly into the holding position.
• the inserts each comprise a first member, a second member and a clamping piece, during step A:
• the first member has an insert, in an inter-blade space, against a first blade at the level of the holding position, the second member of the insert is placed, in the inter-blade space, against a second blade, adjacent to the first blade, so that the second member is arranged circumferentially opposite the first member,
• the clamping piece is inserted between the first and second members so as to keep the insert in the holding position.
• the mounting of the inserts can be carried out axially if the radial mounting is difficult to achieve in certain circumstances.
• the positioning device comprises a positioning ring, and the positioning ring is positioned in such a way that the fastening elements, for example oblong slots, are located at the position for holding the inserts.
• the fastening elements for example oblong slots
• the inserts are fixed to the positioning ring thanks to the fixing elements.
• FIG. 1 shows a paddle wheel
• FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the impeller according to the plane II-II of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic portion view of an impeller in which inserts are inserted in the inter-blade spaces
• - Figure 4 shows an insert according to a first embodiment
• - Figure 5 shows an insert according to the first embodiment, mounted on the impeller and fixed to a positioning device
• FIG. 6 shows an insert according to the first embodiment on which is mounted a gripping portion
• FIG. 7 shows a portion of the impeller, on which is mounted a holding system according to the first embodiment
• FIG. 8 shows a portion of the impeller, on which is mounted an insert according to the second embodiment
• FIG. 9 shows a step of mounting an insert according to the first embodiment in an inter-blade space.
• Figure 1 shows an impeller 1.
• the impeller 1 is installed at the low pressure turbine of a turbomachine.
• the impeller 1 comprises a disc 2 and a plurality of vanes 3.
• the plurality of vanes 3 is mounted on the disc 2 around its circumference.
• FIG. 2 is a section of the impeller 1 according to the plane II-II shown in Figure 1.
• the blade 3 shown in Figure 2 comprises a blade 5, a blade root 7 and a head d 'blade 9.
• the blade root 7 comprises a radially internal platform 11.
• the blade head 9 comprises a platform 13 radially external.
• the blade 5 extends radially between the platforms 11, 13. All the blades 3 of the plurality of blades are similar to the blade shown in FIG. 1.
• the blades 5 of the blades 3 each have a concave face and a convex face .
• the blades 3 When mounted on the disc 2, the blades 3 extend in a radial direction DR and are spaced from each other so as to define inter-blade spaces 15, visible in Figure 1 for example. It is understood that an inter-blade space 15 is defined between two adjacent blades 3. The distance between two blades 5 of adjacent blades 3 is greater near the blade heads 9 than proximity of the blade roots 7. Thus, the distance between two blade blades decreases between the blade heads 9 and the blade feet 7.
• the vanes 3 are mounted on the disc 2 in a nominal operating position.
• Figures 1 and 2 also show a retaining ring 17, configured to axially block the vanes 3 on the disc 2.
• Figure 3 shows a portion of an impeller 1 and a holding system 19 for disassembly of the impeller 1.
• the holding system 19 comprises a plurality of inserts 21.
• the inserts 21 are here inserted in each of the inter-blade spaces 15 so as to maintain the relative position of the blades 3 and to allow disassembly of the disc 1.
• the insert 21 comprises a first part 23 and a second part 25.
• the first part 23 is configured to maintain the relative position of the blades 3.
• the first part 23 comprises a first contact surface 27, configured to come into contact of a blade 5a of a first blade 3a and follow the shape of the convex face of the blade 5a.
• the first contact surface 27 therefore has a concave shape.
• the first contact surface 27 and the convex face of the blade 5a have complementary shapes.
• the first part 23 further comprises a second contact surface 29, configured to come into contact with a blade 5b of a second blade 3b and match the shape of the concave face of the blade 5b.
• the second contact surface 29 therefore has a convex shape.
• the second contact surface 29 and the concave face of the blade 5b have complementary shapes.
• the first and second blades 3a, 3b are adjacent in the circumferential direction of the impeller.
• the convex face of the blade 5a and the concave face of the blade 5b face each other in the circumferential direction.
• the surfaces of the blades 5a, 5b of the first and second blades 3a, 3b define the inter-blade space 15.
• the first part 23 of the insert 21 has a shape corresponding to a portion of the inter-blade space 15, when the blades 3 are in the nominal position.
• At least the portions of the first part 23 of the insert 21 in contact with the blades 5a, 5b of the blades 3a, 3b, and preferably at least the first part 23 of the insert 21, comprise / comprises an aluminum-based alloy, and / or a polymer having a shore A hardness of between 75 and 100.
• the polymer is a resin.
• the dimension of the section of the first part 23 of the insert 21 along a plane normal to the radial direction DR is greater than the dimension along this plane of the inter-blade space 15 near the feet of blade 7.
• the insert 21, in the position for maintaining the relative position of the blades 3, is positioned in the inter-blade space 15 at a portion having substantially the same dimension as the dimension of the section of the insert 21 along a plane normal to the radial direction DR.
• the inserts 21 are arranged at a first end portion of the inter-blade spaces 15, defined, for each inter-blade space, between the blade root 7 and the center of the space inter-blade 15 in the radial direction DR.
• the inserts 21, and more particularly their first part 23, have a thickness e in the radial direction DR greater than or equal to 10% of the height h of the blade in the radial direction DR.
• the holding position of each insert is at a determined height of the inter-blade space 15, or adjacent blades 5.
• the center of the insert according to the radial direction that is to say a height of the insert corresponding to half its thickness e, is at the level of the determined height.
• the height in the radial direction, corresponding to the holding position is significantly different to the height determined for certain inserts.
• the difference between the actual height of the position for holding the inserts 21 and the determined height is less than or equal to 5% of the total height of the blade 5, or of the inter-blade space 15.
• the thickness e is approximately 10 mm, for a blade height of approximately 100 mm.
• the greatest length along an axial direction DA of the first part 23 is 15 mm, that is to say between 70 and 100% of the length along the axial direction DA of the blade 5 of the blade 3.
• the second part 25 of the insert 21 is connected to the first part of the insert 23.
• the first and second parts 23, 25 are formed together.
• the second part 25 extends, here, in the extension of the first part 23 in the axial direction DA.
• the second part 25 provides a gripping means making it possible to engage or disengage the insert 21 from the inter-blade space 15.
• the second part 25 can also serve as a support for mounting the insert 21 on other elements.
• the holding system 19 may further comprise a gripping portion 31 of the inserts 21.
• the gripping portion 31 can be mounted on the second part 25.
• the gripping portion 31 allows to form a handle, long enough to allow a user to grip it easily.
• the gripping portion 31 makes it easier to handle the inserts 21 and their insertion in the inter-blade spaces 15.
• the gripping portion 31 is removably mounted on the second part 25. In this way, the The user can use the same gripping portion 31 for mounting all of the inserts 21.
• the holding system 19 may include a positioning device 33.
• the positioning device 33 comprises, in this embodiment, a positioning ring 35 configured to be positioned against the vanes 3, in a circumferential direction.
• the positioning ring 35 includes oblong slots 37 emerging towards the inter-blade space 15.
• the oblong slots 37 extend in a radial direction DR so as to allow a slightly different positioning of the inserts 21 relative to each other in the radial direction DR, so as to take account dimensional tolerances / dispersions.
• the second part 25 comprises a blind hole 38 bored extending in the axial direction DA.
• the blind hole 38 is intended to come opposite the oblong opening 37, when the insert 21 is in the holding position.
• a fixing member 39 makes it possible to fix the insert 21 on the positioning ring 35.
• the fixing member 39 is a screw, configured to be inserted in the blind hole 38 bored.
• the insert 21 could be fixed to the positioning ring 35 by any other means. In this way, the inserts 21 are substantially aligned along the circumferential direction.
• an internal radial stop disc could be provided at a predetermined height, corresponding to the holding position of the inserts 21.
• the second part 25 of the inserts could then come into abutment against the internal disc.
• the inserts 21 are inserted, one by one, in each of the inter-blade spaces 15, in their holding position.
• inserts 21 at an external portion of the inter-blade space 15, as shown in Figure 9, then move the inserts 21, for example through the portion of gripping 31, in the radial direction DR, along the arrow F, that is to say inwards, until reaching the holding position.
• external portion of the inter-blade space 15 means a portion defined between the center of the blade 5 in the radial direction DR and the outer end of the blade 5.
• the inserts 21 are placed directly at their holding position by a movement which follows the shape of the first and second contact surfaces 27, 29, thanks to the gripping portion 31 which forms, in this variant, a lever arm and which allows to exert sufficient force on the insert 21 to insert it directly in the holding position.
• the positioning ring 35 can be placed so that the oblong slots 37 are at the level of the holding position of the inserts 21.
• the inserts are mounted, and face the oblong slots, they are fixed to the positioning ring 35, here by means of the fixing members 39 which can be inserted in the blind holes 37 of the inserts 21.
• the disc 2 can be removed. After having removed the disc 2, one can, for example, proceed replacing the retaining ring 17. Then, it is possible to re-engage the disc 2 with all of the blade roots 7 of the blades 3, since their relative position has been maintained by the inserts. Finally, once the blades 3 have been reassembled on the disc 2, the holding system 19 can be removed.
• a second embodiment of the holding system is shown in Figure 8.
• the elements common to the various embodiments are identified by the same reference numerals.
• the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the inserts 21 each comprise a first member 41 and a second member 43.
• the first and second members 41, 43 are configured to be arranged, in an inter-blade space 15
• the first member 41 is disposed against the blade 5a of the first blade 3a and the second member 43 is disposed against the blade 5b of the second blade 3b, circumferentially adjacent to the first blade 3a.
• the first and second members 41, 43 face each other in the circumferential direction of the impeller.
• the inserts 21 further each comprise a clamping piece 45, configured to be inserted, in the axial direction DA, between the first and second members 41, 43, so as to maintain the first and second members 41, 43 against the blades 5a, 5b.
• the clamping piece 45 has a wedge or bevel shape.
• At least one of the first and second members 41, 43 comprises a surface guide.
• each of the first and second members 41, 43 comprises a guide surface.
• the guide surfaces are here formed by grooves 47, 49, formed in each of the first and second members 41, 43.
• the edges of the grooves 47, 49 allow the radial locking of the clamping piece 45 and a guide in axial translation of the clamping piece 45.
• the clamping piece 41 comprises an axial stop configured to come into contact with the first and second members 41, 43 when the clamping piece 45 is mounted between the first and second members 41, 43.
• an internal disc 34 of radial stop could be provided at a predetermined height , corresponding to the holding position of the inserts 21.
• the first and second members could be positioned in abutment against the internal disc 34, before the insertion of the clamping piece.
• the inserts 21 are inserted, one by one, in each of the inter-blade spaces 15, in their holding position.
• the first member 41 of an insert 21 against the blade 5a of the first blade 3a, at the holding position.
• the second member 43 of the insert 21 is placed against the blade 5b of the second blade 3b, circumferentially adjacent to the first blade 3a, also at the level of the holding position, so that the second member 43 is arranged in face of first member 41 in the circumferential direction of the impeller.
• the clamping piece 45 is inserted between the first and second members 41, 43.
• Inserts 21 are thus inserted into each of the inter-blade spaces 15.
• the disc 2 can be removed. removed the disc 2, we can, for example, replace the retaining ring 17. Then, we can easily re-engage the disc 2 with all of the blade roots 7 of the blades 3, since their relative position has been maintained by the inserts. Finally, once the blades 3 have been reassembled on the disc 2, the holding system 19 can be removed.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
• Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 2018
  • 2018-06-12 FR FR1855124A patent/FR3082232B1/fr active Active
• 2019
  • 2019-06-06 CA CA3102895A patent/CA3102895A1/fr active Pending
  • 2019-06-06 WO PCT/FR2019/051351 patent/WO2019239036A1/fr unknown
  • 2019-06-06 EP EP19735372.5A patent/EP3807500B1/de active Active
  • 2019-06-06 US US16/973,663 patent/US11441431B2/en active Active
  • 2019-06-06 JP JP2020569089A patent/JP7485618B2/ja active Active
  • 2019-06-06 CN CN201980039914.XA patent/CN112313396B/zh active Active
  • 2019-06-06 RU RU2021100081A patent/RU2765596C1/ru active

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