EP3806126A1 - Ensemble et procédé de surveillance de l'état d'un relais - Google Patents

Ensemble et procédé de surveillance de l'état d'un relais Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3806126A1
EP3806126A1 EP19201657.4A EP19201657A EP3806126A1 EP 3806126 A1 EP3806126 A1 EP 3806126A1 EP 19201657 A EP19201657 A EP 19201657A EP 3806126 A1 EP3806126 A1 EP 3806126A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
assembly
relay
armature
inductance
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19201657.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3806126B1 (fr
Inventor
Matthias Kroeker
Christian Lindner
Harry Koch
Peter Sandeck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TE Connectivity Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
TE Connectivity Germany GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TE Connectivity Germany GmbH filed Critical TE Connectivity Germany GmbH
Priority to EP19201657.4A priority Critical patent/EP3806126B1/fr
Priority to DE102020126215.9A priority patent/DE102020126215A1/de
Publication of EP3806126A1 publication Critical patent/EP3806126A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3806126B1 publication Critical patent/EP3806126B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/002—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H2047/008—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current with a drop in current upon closure of armature or change of inductance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
    • H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an assembly for and a method of monitoring the status of a relay having an armature and a coil for moving the armature.
  • Relays are often used for switching currents with a contact bridge that is movable relative to stationary or fixed contacts. Under faulty conditions the contact bridge can be welded to the stationary contacts for example due to an overcurrent. As this is a dangerous configuration, it is necessary to be able to monitor the switching state and/or detect such a welding. Current solutions for doing this are, however, very bulky.
  • an assembly for monitoring the status of a relay having an armature and a coil for moving the armature wherein the assembly comprises an inductance measurement device adapted for measuring the inductance of the coil.
  • the object is also achieved by a method of monitoring the status of a relay having an armature and a coil for moving the armature, wherein an inductance of the coil is measured.
  • the inductance measurement device can comprise a current measurement device to allow a simple implementation.
  • the circuit can discriminate the inductance difference between partially closed armature and fully open armature.
  • the assembly can comprise an oscillator adapted for creating an alternating current. This can allow a quick measurement.
  • the inventive solution can be part of a relay assembly comprising a relay and an assembly according to the invention.
  • the relay and the assembly can have a common ground.
  • the assembly can be connected to a control circuit of the relay. This can keep the configuration simple and compact.
  • the assembly can be adapted to be connected to the control circuit of the relay. It can be added to existing relays.
  • control circuit and the assembly are arranged on the same PCB. This keeps the overall device simple and compact.
  • PCB can comprise additional elements for performing the measurement.
  • the assembly can be connected to the relay via a capacitor.
  • Relays are often operated with a direct current (DC) or a current that is similar to a direct current.
  • the capacitor can thus achieve a good decoupling.
  • the assembly can be arranged within a housing of the relay. This keeps the configuration compact.
  • a connector of the relay assembly can comprise at least one pin for a signal of the assembly.
  • signals indicative of a measurement can be transmitted.
  • the signal could indicate a position or a status of the contact bridge or whether a fault condition exists.
  • the pin can be used to output current or voltage that has to be processed in additional elements.
  • the assembly can be arranged outside a housing of the relay.
  • the assembly can then be added to existing relays without big modifications.
  • the assembly can, for example, be at least partially located in a control circuit, e.g. an engine control unit.
  • the armature can be at least partially located in the coil.
  • the armature is located entirely or almost entirely within the coil.
  • the armature can be located in a space defined by the outlines of the coil and/or a housing of the coil.
  • the inductance can be measured at at least one frequency with an alternating current.
  • the frequency can be selected such that a certain difference in the inductance values exists between a normal and a fault state.
  • the method can comprise a step of detecting a fault state of the armature.
  • a fault state can in particular be a state in which the switching has not taken place although a corresponding control signal is applied.
  • the detection of the fault state can be made by comparing the measured inductance to a predefined value. If the measured inductance is below or above a certain threshold value, a fault state can be diagnosed.
  • the predefined value can depend on the inductance value of a normal state and can, for example, be 20% higher or lower than such a normal state value.
  • the inductance can be measured at at least two frequencies.
  • the assembly or the method can be such that the status is only monitored in a non-energized state of the relay.
  • the application also covers a computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the inventive method.
  • the application covers a computer-readable medium comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the inventive method.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 the operation of a relay 100 is depicted.
  • Fig. 1 can be seen as an energized state 401 of a coil 220 that results in a closed state 411 of a load circuit 255.
  • a current runs through the coil 220, which generates a magnetic field that pulls an armature 210 inwards.
  • the armature 210 is coupled to a contact bridge 240 via a transfer rod 246 and an attachment assembly 247.
  • a contact bridge 240 is thus pushed onto two fixed contacts 250 of a load circuit 255 and closes the load circuit 255.
  • a non-energized state 402 of the coil 220 resulting in an open state 412 of the load circuit 255 is shown.
  • the armature 210 is pushed outwards by a spring 245.
  • the contact bridge 240 is thus pulled away from the fixed contacts 250 so that the load circuit 255 is open.
  • Fig. 1 can also be seen as showing such a fault state 406 in which the load circuit 255 is closed or almost closed although the coil 220 is in a non-energized state 402.
  • the relay assembly 300 can comprise an assembly 100 that comprises an inductance measurement device 10 adapted for measuring the inductance of the coil 220. Details of such embodiments are shown in Figs. 3 and 4 .
  • the inductance of the coil 220 depends on the position of the armature 210 in the coil 220. In case of a fault condition, in which the contact bridge 240 is welded to at least one fixed contact 250, the armature 210 cannot move back although the coil 220 is not energized. In the embodiment of Fig. 3 , two coils 220 are present, wherein one of the coils 220 can be activated selectively by a transistor 56.
  • the assembly 100 can more generally be adapted to detect or measure the position of the armature 210. Such a position measurement can, for example, be used to detect further fault conditions. For example, the movement profile of the armature 210 can be analyzed to check whether the friction is increased. Further, the assembly 100 could be used to detect the tear and wear of contact elements 241 located on the contact bridge 240 and the fixed contacts 250. Such contact elements 241 are used up during the lifetime of the relay 200. The lack of enough material in the contact elements 241 can cause dangerous situations. The assembly 100 can be adapted to detect such conditions, for example by detecting an increased movement span of the armature 210.
  • the assembly comprises an oscillator 20 adapted for creating an alternating current.
  • the frequency of the alternating current can be constant or variable.
  • the alternating current is used for measuring the inductance in the coil 220.
  • the inductance measurement device 10 comprises a current measurement device 15 that measures the current resulting in the circuit.
  • the current in the circuit depends on the inductance of the coil 220.
  • the inductance measurement device 10 is adapted to calculate the maximum current measured with the current measurement device 15.
  • the relay 200 and the assembly 100 have a common ground 40 in order to simplify the electrical layout and in order to keep the number of pins 60 that are necessary for contacting the relay assembly 300 low.
  • three pins 60 are necessary, which is only one pin more than a relay 200 without an assembly 100.
  • a schematically shown connector 62 having the pins in a housing 64 can thus be similar in size to a connector with only two pins 60.
  • the assembly 100 is connected to a control circuit 215 of the relay 200, which is shown only schematically.
  • the assembly 100 can be arranged on the same PCB as the control circuit 215.
  • a capacitor 50 can be used to decouple a control signal for the switching of the relay 200, which is a direct current, or a signal similar to a direct current, from the alternating current used in the assembly 100.
  • the assembly 100 is arranged within a housing 230 of the relay 200.
  • the assembly 100 can be arranged outside a housing 230 of the relay 200, for example in an external control circuit or an engine control unit. In such a configuration, it could suffice to use only two pins 60 in the connector 62, as the necessary contacts to the circuit of the coil 220 can be made outside of the housing 230.
  • the armature 210 is at least partially located in the coil 220 and/or in the housing 230 of the coil 220.
  • an inductance of the coil 220 is measured.
  • the method can be adapted to detect a fault state of the armature 210 by comparing the measured inductance to a predefined value.
  • the inductance can be measured at at least two frequencies.
  • the method is only used and the status is only monitored in a non-energized state of the relay. It is then not necessary to compensate effects due to the operation of the relay 200.
  • a graph showing the different inductive behavior of a relay 200 in an open position 412 and a fault state 406 is shown.
  • the graph shows an inductance signal in arbitrary units on the ordinate over the frequency of the alternating current used for the measurement on the abscissa. It can be seen that at certain frequencies, a distinct difference between the two conditions exists. The measurement should be made at such a frequency. The frequency at which such a difference exists of course depends on the specific case.

Landscapes

  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
EP19201657.4A 2019-10-07 2019-10-07 Ensemble et procédé de surveillance de l'état d'un relais Active EP3806126B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19201657.4A EP3806126B1 (fr) 2019-10-07 2019-10-07 Ensemble et procédé de surveillance de l'état d'un relais
DE102020126215.9A DE102020126215A1 (de) 2019-10-07 2020-10-07 Anordnung und Verfahren zur Überwachung des Status eines Relais

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19201657.4A EP3806126B1 (fr) 2019-10-07 2019-10-07 Ensemble et procédé de surveillance de l'état d'un relais

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3806126A1 true EP3806126A1 (fr) 2021-04-14
EP3806126B1 EP3806126B1 (fr) 2023-11-01

Family

ID=68159030

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19201657.4A Active EP3806126B1 (fr) 2019-10-07 2019-10-07 Ensemble et procédé de surveillance de l'état d'un relais

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3806126B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020126215A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0400389A2 (fr) * 1989-06-02 1990-12-05 Motorola, Inc. Détection de la connexion d'un solénoide
GB2275541A (en) * 1993-02-25 1994-08-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electromagnetic contactor
US5668693A (en) * 1996-06-25 1997-09-16 Eaton Corporation Method of monitoring a contactor
EP2884233A2 (fr) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-17 Eaton Electrical IP GmbH & Co. KG Mesure de paramètres dans un entraînement électromagnétique d'un appareil de commutation
DE102014111335B3 (de) * 2014-08-08 2015-11-19 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Überwachung eines Schalters
WO2019106488A1 (fr) * 2017-11-29 2019-06-06 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Dispositif ménager

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0400389A2 (fr) * 1989-06-02 1990-12-05 Motorola, Inc. Détection de la connexion d'un solénoide
GB2275541A (en) * 1993-02-25 1994-08-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electromagnetic contactor
US5668693A (en) * 1996-06-25 1997-09-16 Eaton Corporation Method of monitoring a contactor
EP2884233A2 (fr) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-17 Eaton Electrical IP GmbH & Co. KG Mesure de paramètres dans un entraînement électromagnétique d'un appareil de commutation
DE102014111335B3 (de) * 2014-08-08 2015-11-19 Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH Überwachung eines Schalters
WO2019106488A1 (fr) * 2017-11-29 2019-06-06 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Dispositif ménager

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102020126215A1 (de) 2021-04-08
EP3806126B1 (fr) 2023-11-01

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