EP3770867A1 - Computer-aided door locking system for at least one object with users consisting of at least two different levels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a computer-aided door locking system for at least one property with users from at least two different levels. The invention is based on the object of providing a computer-aided door locking system that can also or exclusively be operated with multifunctional elements such as smartphones, tablet PCs, smartwatches, etc., with the door locking system defining access authorizations to authorized users from at least two different levels and at the same time enables a secure transfer of access authorizations in the event of a change of ownership or change of use. In this context, reference is made only by way of example that in a property, for example a single-family house, a first user level can be provided for a property owner and the owner in turn can grant access rights to persons at a second, lower level, for example a friend who during an absence ( e.g. during a vacation) should have temporary access to the property. The object is achieved according to the invention with the features of claim 1.

Description

The invention relates to a computer-aided door locking system for at least one property with users from at least two different levels.

An object within the meaning of the invention is understood to mean in particular buildings, but also rooms, apartments, containers and any objects that have at least one door within the meaning of the invention. A door within the meaning of the invention can be opened or locked using a digital key as required. The door can be opened in particular in that a door opener is provided which, with valid authorization, enables the door to be opened using a digital key.

Alternatively or in addition to this, the door can be opened and closed by an active door opener with a suitable door actuating device, for example with a motor drive that can move the door between an open position and a closed position. Such a drive can also provide a sufficiently large closing force, so that in this case - provided there is sufficient security against forcible opening - a door lock can be dispensed with.

A door in the sense of the invention is to be understood as any movable closure element that can be moved into a position that enables access to an object, in particular to an enclosed space or area. However, the term door is to be understood broadly. It includes any type of closure element by means of which an opening is released as required by moving the closure element. In this respect, reference is also made to access control systems such as turnstiles, revolving doors, etc., which, if the term door is interpreted further, are also to be regarded as doors in the sense of the invention. In this respect, it is not absolutely necessary for a door in the sense of the invention to completely close the opening of an object in the closed state.

Users of the door locking system in the context of the invention are understood to mean both an administrator or several administrators and users. At least two levels mean, in particular, a superordinate administrator level and one or more user levels to which individual users or user groups can be assigned. Users at the same level usually have the same authorizations, whereas users at different levels, in particular users at different levels, have different rights.

The invention can be used particularly advantageously and easily in connection with such door locking systems in which there is exactly one administrator of an administrator level (first absolute level) and one or more users of at least one user level (second absolute level). In the case of such door locking systems, the administrator is particularly authorized to authorize one or more other users of a user level by assigning access authorizations. Several user levels can also be provided, e.g. a first user level (second absolute level), a second user level (third absolute level), etc.

The administrator and / or one or more users of certain user levels can be authorized to authorize further users of at least the same or lower user level. With the authorization every user of a certain user level receives the rights assigned to the corresponding user level. The rights mentioned refer in particular to access authorizations to doors within the meaning of the invention.

For example, an administrator can have unrestricted access authorization to all relevant doors of an object of which he is the owner. The users of certain user levels, on the other hand, can - if desired - only have restricted access rights. These restricted access authorizations can either be set individually for each user or for each user level.

Using the example of an object in the form of a building, the access authorization for a specific user or a specific user level can be limited, for example, to a specific period (in particular to one or more months, weeks, hours) and / or to specific times of the day. As an alternative or in addition, the access authorization can also be restricted to one door or several selected doors of an object.

For example, users in the form of cleaning staff can only be granted access authorization on Mondays between 9 a.m. and 10 a.m. so that they can access areas of an object to be cleaned.

Or users in the form of craftsmen can be given access to certain areas of a building in a certain period of time in order to carry out maintenance or repair work.

A large number of computer-aided locking systems for objects within the meaning of the invention are known from practice, in particular electronic locking systems. The computerized locking systems make it possible to open a door lock and / or a door of the property using a digital key. Such a digital key is different differs from conventional keys in that no manual insertion of a physical key into a door lock combined with a mechanical opening process with the aid of the key is required. Rather, the door lock can be unlocked or a door can be opened if an administrator or user has a digital key, this digital key is transmitted in a suitable form to a computer system with a computer program product that is functionally connected to the door locking system, and then the Door lock is effected by activating a door opener and / or opening the door. The transmission of the digital key can take place in particular with the aid of a cell phone, another mobile communication device or some other suitable means (eg a transponder). It is not necessary for the administrator or user who wants to open a door to be on site at the door. He can also initiate this via a remote data connection. The term digital key is to be interpreted broadly. It also includes digital requests and commands in the form of code, which is transmitted directly to a door opener and causes the door opener to be activated. Such a code can be sent, for example, by an administrator or a user logging on to an account and / or establishing data access to at least one server and at least one database in some other way and using a computer program product (software) to send the Initiated codes. Such a registration can take place, for example, by an - also automated - input of a combination of user name and password by means of a device (also internet-based) in a database. The database can then be used to check whether the user has the appropriate access authorization. As an alternative or in addition to entering a user name and password for logging on to a database, the presentation of a human finger on a fingerprint sensor and / or computer-aided person recognition on a door and / or a transponder can also be provided. With regard to transponders, those transponders are particularly preferred that are used to activate a Door opener can remain in a pocket or other container because an access authorization comparison is carried out automatically. The door opener is activated automatically with such transponders when approaching a door for which the administrator or user has access authorization.

Out DE 10 2013 111 429 A1 a method for operating a locking system and a locking system are known. In the method and the locking system, a digital key, referred to as an electronic key, and an electronic lock are provided, as well as a central unit used in the locking mode that is locally separated from the electronic key and the electronic lock. In the process, an external authorization code is generated by the central unit by means of an authorization code determination program, the external authorization code is transmitted to the electronic key and the external authorization code from the electronic key is stored in a memory, with the external one from the electronic lock when the electronic key interacts with the electronic lock Authorization code is read from the memory and checked by a processor of the electronic lock in that the processor itself determines its own authorization code with its own authorization code determination program and compares it with the external authorization code received from the electronic key. If the determined own authorization code is identical, the processor enables an opening process with the transmitted external authorization code. It is also disclosed that a mobile phone is used as a communication device for sending and / or receiving the authorization code.

Out DE 44 36 605 A1 a method for the secure locking and unlocking of locks with authentication is known, which can be used in hotels in particular. In connection with this procedure, reference is also made to administrator functions, such as the introduction and deletion of access authorizations (storage or deletion of a Public keys) or reading out an event log (log of the access attempts). Furthermore, reference is made to an interface for convenient use of the administrator functions, whereby the administrators (for example hotel staff equipped with a master key card) should be able to assign and delete access authorizations.

The prior art mentioned above essentially relates to electronic locking systems which use key cards or other separate access elements which are usually provided exclusively or predominantly as an element for storing and providing a digital key as required. Such access elements can - analogous to conventional keys - be physically transferred from one person to another. When a guest checks out of a hotel or when a property is sold, all existing access elements are physically handed over, and as with conventional, mechanical keys, it is easy to ensure and check that a guest checking out or the seller of a property is no longer authorized remain.

• digitale Schlüssel verwiesen, die in Form von Zugangsberechtigungen auf Mobiltelefonen von Nutzern hinterlegt sind,
• digitale Schlüssel in Form von einmal, mehrmals und/oder für eine begrenzte Zeitdauer benutzbaren Hyperlinks,
• digitale Schlüssel verwiesen, die mit einem Nutzerkonto verknüpft sind, wobei zum Öffnen einer Tür Zugriff auf dem Nutzerkonto zugewiesene Rechte erforderlich ist, beispielsweise durch Anmelden oder sonstigen Zugriff auf das Nutzerkonto und/oder ein dem Nutzerkonto zugewiesenes Recht.

On the other hand, it becomes difficult or even impossible to check if - in addition to separate access elements or instead of separate access elements - digital keys are used, in particular if these are (also) stored on devices that are not to be the subject of a change in ownership (especially transfer) or change of use . In this respect, only an example is given

• referenced digital keys that are stored in the form of access authorizations on users' mobile phones,
• digital keys in the form of hyperlinks that can be used once, several times and / or for a limited period of time,
• Referenced digital keys that are linked to a user account, with access to the user account assigned to open a door Rights is required, for example by logging in or other access to the user account and / or a right assigned to the user account.

The above-mentioned examples of digital keys can also be combined with one another - as far as technically possible and logically feasible.

The invention is based on the object of providing a computer-aided door locking system that can also or exclusively be operated with multifunctional elements such as smartphones, tablet PCs, smartwatches, etc., with the door locking system determining access authorizations Authorized users from at least two different levels and at the same time a secure transfer of access authorizations in the event of a change of ownership or use. In this context, reference is made only by way of example that in a property, for example a single-family house, a first user level can be provided for a property owner or tenant and the owner or tenant in turn can grant access rights to persons at a second, lower level, for example a friend who should have temporary access to the property during a period of absence (e.g. during vacation).

The object is achieved according to the invention with the features of claim 1. Further practical embodiments and advantages of the invention are described in connection with the dependent claims.

1. a) mindestens eine, einem Objekt zugeordnete Tür,
2. b) einen der Tür zugeordneten Türöffner und
3. c) ein funktional mit dem Türöffner oder der Tür verbundenes Computersystem mit einem Computerprogrammprodukt und einem Prozessor, wobei
4. d) das Computerprogrammprodukt einen ausführbaren Code umfasst, der beim Ablauf in dem Prozessor dazu ausgebildet ist, bei Übermittlung eines digitalen Schlüssels an den Türöffner einer bestimmten Tür mit Hilfe des Computerprogrammproduktes zu überprüfen, ob der digitale Schlüssel über eine Berechtigung für das Öffnen dieser Tür verfügt und falls ja, das Öffnen eines der Tür zugeordneten Türschlosses durch Aktivierung des Türöffners oder das Öffnen der Tür durch Aktivierung des Türöffners zu bewirken, wobei
5. e) in dem Code des Computerprogrammprodukts eine Administratorebene für mindestens einen Administrator des Objekts und mindestens eine erste Benutzerebene für mindestens einen ersten Benutzer dieser ersten Benutzerebene definiert ist, wobei der Administrator dazu berechtigt ist, mindestens eine Benutzer-Zugangsberechtigung für einen Benutzer der ersten Benutzerebene zu vergeben,
6. f) wobei der Code des Computerprogrammprodukts ein Übergabemodul umfasst, das es dem mindestens einen Administrator des Objekts oder einem Nachfolge-Administrator des Objekts ermöglicht, eine Eigentumsänderung oder eine Nutzungsänderung des Objekts selbst umzusetzen, wobei entweder
   1. i. im Falle einer Aktivierung durch den Administrator der Administrator einen Nachfolge-Administrator des Objekts bestimmt, wodurch der Nachfolge-Administrator veranlasst durch den Code des Computerprogrammprodukts eine entsprechende Anfrage bezüglich des Objekts erhält, die er annehmen kann, wenn er Nachfolge-Administrator des Objekts werden möchte, wobei im Falle der Annahme der Anfrage durch den Nachfolge-Administrator in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt zunächst automatisiert sämtliche Benutzer-Zugangsberechtigungen der dem Administrator des Objekts zugeordneten Benutzerebenen deaktiviert werden und in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt die Berechtigung des Administrators des Objekts auf den Nachfolge-Administrator des Objekts übertragen wird oder
   2. ii. im Falle einer Aktivierung durch den Nachfolge-Administrator der Nachfolge-Administrator des Objekts zumindest das Objekt benennt, wodurch der Administrator des Objekts veranlasst durch den Code des Computerprogrammprodukts eine entsprechende Anfrage bezüglich der Abgabe der Administratorrolle des Objekts erhält, die er annehmen kann, wenn er seine Administrator-Rolle an den Nachfolge-Administrator abgeben möchte, wobei im Falle der Annahme der Anfrage durch den Administrator in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt zunächst automatisiert sämtliche Benutzer-Zugangsberechtigungen der dem Administrator zugeordneten Benutzerebenen deaktiviert werden und in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt die Berechtigung des Administrators auf den Nachfolge-Administrator übertragen wird oder
   3. iii. im Falle einer Aktivierung durch eine Hilfsperson die Hilfsperson einen Administrator eines Objekts und einen Nachfolge-Administrator eines Objekts benennt, wodurch der Administrator und der Nachfolge-Administrator veranlasst durch den Code des Computerprogrammprodukts eine entsprechende Anfragen bezüglich der Übertragung der Administratorrolle des Objekt erhalten, die diese annehmen können, wenn sie mit der Übertragung einverstanden sind, wobei im Falle der Annahme der Anfrage sowohl durch den Administrator des Objekts als auch durch den Nachfolge-Administrator des Objekts in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt zunächst automatisiert sämtliche Benutzer-Zugangsberechtigungen der dem Administrator des Objekts zugeordneten Benutzerebenen deaktiviert werden und in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt die Berechtigung des Administrators bezüglich des Objekts auf den Nachfolge-Administrator des Objekts übertragen wird.

A computer-aided door locking system according to the invention has at least the following elements:

1. a) at least one door assigned to an object,
2. b) a door opener assigned to the door and
3. c) a computer system that is functionally connected to the door opener or the door and has a computer program product and a processor, wherein
4. d) the computer program product comprises an executable code which, when running in the processor, is designed to use the computer program product to check whether the digital key has authorization to open this door when a digital key is transmitted to the door opener of a specific door and if so, to open a door lock assigned to the door by activating the door opener or to open the door by activating the door opener, wherein
5. e) an administrator level for at least one administrator of the object and at least one first user level for at least one first user of this first user level is defined in the code of the computer program product, the administrator being authorized to assign at least one user access authorization for a user of the first user level forgive,
6. f) the code of the computer program product comprising a transfer module that enables the at least one administrator of the object or a successor administrator of the object to implement a change in ownership or a change in use of the object himself, with either
   1. i. In the event of activation by the administrator, the administrator determines a successor administrator of the object, whereby the successor administrator receives a corresponding request regarding the object, prompted by the code of the computer program product, which he can accept if he wants to become the successor administrator of the object , whereby in the case of acceptance of the request by the successor administrator in a first method step, all user access authorizations of the user levels assigned to the administrator of the object are initially deactivated automatically and in a second method step the authorization of the administrator of the object is transferred to the successor administrator of the object or
   2. ii. in the case of activation by the successor administrator, the successor administrator of the object at least names the object, whereby the administrator of the object receives a corresponding request via the code of the computer program product regarding the submission of the administrative role of the object, which he can accept if he is would like to hand over his administrator role to the successor administrator, whereby in the case of the acceptance of the request by the administrator in a first procedural step all user access authorizations of the user levels assigned to the administrator are deactivated and in a second procedural step the authorization of the administrator on the Successor administrator is transferred or
   3. iii. in the case of activation by an auxiliary person, the auxiliary person names an administrator of an object and a successor administrator of an object, whereby the administrator and the successor administrator prompted by the code of the computer program product receive a corresponding request regarding the transfer of the administrative role of the object, which they can accept if they agree to the transfer, in the case of acceptance of the request both by the administrator of the object and by the successor administrator of the object in a first In the first process step, all user access authorizations of the user levels assigned to the administrator of the object are automatically deactivated and, in a second process step, the authorization of the administrator with regard to the object is transferred to the successor administrator of the object.

Door locks in the sense of the invention are in particular motor locks with at least one mechanical bolt that can be moved between an open and a closed position for opening and closing, magnetic locks that can be kept open and / or locked by being energized, or other door locking devices that have suitable Have means for alternately opening and closing a door. A door lock is not absolutely necessary.

As an alternative or in addition to a door lock, the door can also be provided with a suitable drive (e.g. an electric motor drive) in order to open and close the door. The drive can be designed in such a way that it has a sufficiently high resistance when the door is closed and thereby generates a closing force that prevents the door from being opened undesirably. In this case there is no need for a separate door lock.

Door openers within the meaning of the invention are, in particular, all devices that enable or actively cause the door to be opened. in case of a Existing door lock are door openers in particular devices with an unlocking mechanism for the door lock, which make it possible to open the door manually and / or with motorized assistance when or after the door opener is activated. In particular, if there is no door lock, a door opener is also to be regarded as a drive that opens the door when activated. A previous unlocking process is then not necessary.

The transmission of the digital key can, in particular if this is done with a mobile device, for example a mobile phone, be connected to an additional security check in order to increase the security before a stolen digital key is used. For example, in addition to digital keys, identification codes of mobile devices can also be stored in the computer system, which should be authorized in connection with a digital key. When the digital key is transmitted, the device must also transmit the identification code and match it with the aid of the computer program product. The door opener is activated or the door is only opened if the digital key and identification code are stored as an authorized combination.

According to the solution according to the invention, activation can take place in different variants, namely according to variant i., Which relates to activation by the administrator and according to variant ii., Which relates to activation by the successor administrator.

To variant i.

In the case of variant i. the administrator of an object determines a successor administrator of the object, whereby the successor administrator, prompted by the code of the computer program product, receives a corresponding request that he can accept if he wants to become the successor administrator of the object, in which case the Request by the successor administrator in a first procedural step initially automatically deactivates all user access authorizations of the user levels assigned to the administrator and in a second procedural step the authorization of the administrator is transferred to the successor administrator.

This scenario is explained below using an example with a request by e-mail. In this example, the object is an apartment in a building, the administrator is the owner of an apartment and the successor administrator is the buyer of this apartment, to whom the electronic key sovereignty is to be completely and securely handed over by the owner according to the inventive method. It should be noted that instead of the e-mail used in this example, other suitable query options can also be used, e.g. messages sent to a mobile phone with a specific telephone number or messages to a user ID of a user portal, in particular an internet-based user portal, etc. Example is not to be understood as limiting in terms of specific technical details.

If the owner of an apartment (property) that has a computer-aided door locking system within the meaning of the invention has sold it, he is usually obliged to hand over the key sovereignty to the buyer (new owner). If he is the administrator of the object and would like to initiate the transfer, he determines according to variant i. the buyer as successor administrator of the object and in this case, for example, enters the e-mail address of the buyer in connection with his administrator role assigned to the object into the computer system. The code of the computer program product then causes an e-mail with a request to take over the administrator role (and thus the key sovereignty) to be sent to the buyer (new owner). If the buyer accepts this request, all user access authorizations for the administrator are initially automated in a first process step assigned user levels deactivated. In other words, with the aid of the computer program product, all user access authorizations ever assigned by the administrator are automatically and irrevocably deleted. This ensures that no more authorizations remain after the second process step. Only when the deletion is complete is the authorization of the administrator (administrator role) transferred to the successor administrator in a second process step. The function of administrator is withdrawn from the previous owner and the buyer is assigned the administrator role at the same time.

To variant ii.

Variant ii. The main difference is that the initial action for the transfer of the administrator role is carried out by the successor administrator. According to variant ii. With reference to the example, the buyer (new owner) initiates the transfer by requesting the administrator role. He can do this by at least specifying the object and thus requesting the administrator role of the current administrator. Alternatively, he can also specify the object and contact information of the previous administrator. The current administrator then receives a request that he can accept if he wants to agree. After acceptance, the transfer module according to variant ii. in the first method step and in the second method step the same as in the previously described variant i. In this respect, reference is made to the explanation above.

In connection with the inquiries according to variant i. as well as according to variant ii. For the sake of clarity, it is pointed out that the person of the current administrator and an object assigned to this administrator role can also be linked with further parameters, for example with a user ID of a database-based system. This applies in particular to cases in which a door locking system according to the invention is also included is linked to a database and each administrator role can only be assigned once for a specific object. A person can then also be clearly assigned to each object using the user ID. In this case, the simple specification of a user ID and an object by a successor administrator is sufficient for a change of ownership or a change of use according to variant ii. to cause. An advantage in terms of data protection law is that the contact details of the current administrator do not have to be communicated to the successor administrator and can therefore be kept hidden by the database.

In connection with the requests according to the variants i. and ii. In addition, both the administrator and the successor administrator can activate a change in the administrator role in relation to a change in ownership or use and then - with the consent of the other, i.e. the person who did not make the request - transfer the administrator role .

The variant iii. has the advantage that a helper who is not a party to the actual transfer of the administrator role can initiate and thus initiate the transfer process. This can be beneficial, especially when it comes to the transfer of administrator roles from tenants, to ensure a timely transfer.

The door locking system according to the invention has the advantage that, with the transfer module, it enables a secure transfer of the administrator role in the event of a change in ownership or use. In particular, it is ensured in this way that access authorizations are not unintentionally left with users who should no longer have access authorization after a change of ownership or a change of use. Furthermore, the door locking system enables initiation and complete, secure implementation without any involvement in the change of ownership or the change of use involved operator of the door locking system.

For all described variants i., Ii. and iii. Special transfer functions can be provided, according to which the code of the computer program product includes a special transfer module that enables the at least one administrator and a successor administrator to implement a change in ownership or use of the object itself in such a way that all existing access authorizations are retained. In this case, however, this special transfer is clearly visible to the successor administrator and requires confirmation. Security can be increased by the fact that the activation of the special transfer module is only possible by a successor administrator. In another embodiment, however, it can also be enabled by an assistant or the current administrator.

In a practical embodiment of the door locking system, the computer program product is functionally linked to a database in which at least one digital contact information of the administrator is stored, the code of the computer program product for the creation of a request for feature i., Ii. and / or iii. is designed to query at least one contact information of the successor administrator, provided that such is not yet stored in the database. In this case, the door locking system has the advantage that it automatically prompts the user, in particular new users, to enter contact information and stores this in the database if such contact information is not yet available.

The coupling to a database can have further functional advantages. In particular, in this context, reference is made to internet-based databases that make it possible to use door locking systems operate and control worldwide for a large number of customers. In particular, contact information can be queried worldwide and new users can be created by corresponding queries with all contact data relevant to the database, without the operator of the door locking system being involved. For example, the buyer of an object, who receives a corresponding request from the current administrator, can transmit all contact information, for example via the Internet, and thus complete the database of the operator of the door locking system with his entry with the appropriate contact information. The execution of the second method step according to the variants i. and ii. With the help of the transfer module, it can optionally also be made dependent on a passed plausibility check, which can be computer-assisted and / or carried out through a personal check.

It can be of further practical use if the database of a door locking system according to the invention is designed to store a transfer date for the transmission. In this case, the transfer can also be made dependent on acceptance before a corresponding transfer date. In the event that the transfer date has already passed, the person who did not accept the request in due time can be notified that the acceptance was late and is therefore no longer possible or can only be effected under certain additional conditions, for example consent to the payment of a late fee.

If the database enables a transfer date to be stored, it can also be advantageous if the transfer module is also designed to carry out a transfer on the transfer date at least optionally automatically. In this case, if the option of automatic transmission was activated at the time of the handover date, the transfer module can delay the transfer until the transfer date is reached. This enables transmissions to be unusual Times and also to be carried out when a (possibly sole) responsible person is prevented from personally realizing or activating a corresponding transmission.

If the database is designed to store a transmission acceptance parameter, it can be specified, for example, that the recipient of an inquiry according to variants i., Ii. and / or iii. only receives a certain time window to positively confirm the request and the request is considered confirmed if it does not respond. This makes it possible to increase the practical benefit insofar as - if this procedure is legally compliant - to increase the acceptance of the door locking system, because a non-response to inquiries can result in legal disadvantages. In this case, the door locking system and the messages sent by a transfer module are more likely to be taken seriously by the user in any case.

If the database is designed so that users of the database can save at least one transmission acceptance parameter and define a complex transmission acceptance requirement on the basis of the one transmission acceptance parameter or several such transmission acceptance parameters, the practical benefit can be further increased. In particular, a door locking system according to the invention can thus enable automated transmissions and make them dependent on the fulfillment of complex framework conditions. For example, a transfer of key sovereignty from tenant A to tenant B can be made dependent on tenant A having initially agreed to the submission within a certain period, that tenant A has renovated, uploaded photos of the renovated property to the database, the owner has reviewed the photos and accepted the renovation and tenant B has also accepted the renovation and consented to the transfer. Such a configuration makes it possible to rent real estate including tenant changes for almost any Manage periods of time across a large number of tenant changes without ever being on site during this period.

The practical benefit is further increased if the database has a user-related possibility of uploading and / or downloading electronic files, conducting audio or video conferences and / or accepting electronic signatures. In this case, transmissions can also be enriched with formal things such as documents, qualitative approvals of objects and other interactive interactions.

In a further practical embodiment of the door locking system, the executable code or a digital access authorization for activating the door opener is transmitted at least partially via a remote data connection from the computer system with the computer program product to the door to be opened. The door opener can thus be activated either directly via the remote data connection, for example by setting up a command from a mobile device via the remote data connection to a database and sending an executable code to activate the door opener directly from the database via another remote data connection . Alternatively or in addition, a certain number of digital access authorizations can be stored directly on a door, so that sending a digital access authorization from a mobile device to the door is sufficient to activate the door opener immediately. The variant described last is particularly suitable for areas in which no remote data connection is possible, a remote data connection fails more frequently or redundancy is desired for other reasons.

A remote data connection means, in particular, Internet connections, intranet connections, dedicated lines, VPN connections, etc. This means that a central computer system can be used for a large number of door locking systems. A central computer system, possibly with a corresponding one Database, can in this case be operated by one operator in connection with a large number of door locking systems from different customers.

If at least one digital access authorization is stored in a user account and can be exercised via a mobile device and / or in a transponder, the activation of the door opener can also be done independently by using standards contained in almost every phone, tablet PC and other mobile devices from the Internet. In this regard, reference is made in particular to WLAN, Bluetooth and other wireless transmission standards.

The exercise can also take place via transponders, in particular in that a transponder transmits its ID to the door, the door verifies whether this ID has authorization according to a list available on the door, and - provided the authorization is given, the door opener is activated.

The activation of the door opener by means of an internet-enabled mobile device is preferably carried out by a user logging in to a database-based system via the internet with their user data and the system then transmitting an opening command in the form of an executable code to the relevant door of the object.

With regard to the aforementioned user account, reference is made in particular to centrally stored user accounts, preferably those that are stored on the Internet and can therefore be reached at any time via a remote data connection.

If a reading device, which is functionally coupled to the computer system via a remote data connection, is arranged integrated on at least one door or in an opening mechanism of a door, enables this is an operation in a buffer storage mode, wherein the buffer storage mode can be maintained even if the remote data connection is temporarily interrupted. For this purpose, the reading device preferably has an intermediate memory in which digital access authorizations can be stored for access using a mobile terminal device and / or a transponder.

As already mentioned, it is preferred in a door locking system according to the invention because it considerably simplifies the programming effort if it is specified in the code of the computer program product that only exactly one administrator can be assigned to each door or door opener.

In a further practical embodiment of a door locking system, at least one second user level (third absolute level) is provided in the code of the computer program product, an administrator and a user of the first user level being authorized to assign at least one user access authorization for a user of the second To be assigned to a user level and / or to a further user level. In this regard, especially in connection with buildings or apartments, it is pointed out that it is helpful if the first user level - like the administrator himself - receives permanent access authorization and also has the option of authorizing further users. For children, especially those who do not yet have access to a database functionally connected to the door locking system, an additional user level is useful, which, although not able to authorize other users, also has permanent access authorization. For tradespeople, staff, guests and other groups of people who only have limited access and should also not be able to authorize other users, it makes sense to provide additional levels.

It can further increase the practical use of the door locking system if there is a possibility in the code of the computer program product for Pre-scheduling is provided on the part of an administrator and / or a successor administrator in order to carry out a request at a predetermined date, which is stored in the database and is executed on schedule by the computer program product. This makes it possible to prepare transactions that have already been completed and which are associated with a change of ownership or change of use at a certain date in such a way that they can be carried out on time without further measures.

It can also be advantageous if it is specified in the code of the computer program that an administrator who makes a request for feature i) which was not accepted by a successor administrator (subsequent tenant) determined by the administrator at a defined end time, automatically by an alternative successor administrator (property management / owner) is accepted. Such a case can arise, for example, if a tenant dutifully wishes to hand over his (electronic) key sovereignty to a new tenant, but the new tenant does not accept this key sovereignty. For such cases, a "cascade protection" can take place in such a way that the request directed by the tenant to the new tenant is automatically directed additionally or alternatively to the property manager and / or owner after a predetermined period of time, e.g. one week, in order to increase the chance that the tenant can also fulfill his duty, which he would like to fulfill by handing over the electronic key sovereignty, for example by the property manager or owner - instead of the new tenant - taking over the electronic key sovereignty. The current administrator (tenant) can thus fulfill his duty on time even if a new tenant does not behave properly.

In a further practical embodiment of the door locking system, the code of the computer program stipulates that a successor administrator who makes a request according to feature ii) will not be informed by a successor administrator at a defined end time (Subsequent tenant) has been accepted by a certain administrator with regard to the property, then the request can be compulsorily fulfilled if at least one further requirement defined in the code of the computer program is met. Should it be established by a legally binding court order that an administrator who was asked to accept a request has not complied with it, although he would have been obliged to do so by a legally binding court order, the code of the computer program product can define that after a corresponding Evidence, for example the uploading of an original judicial document with a corresponding decision, a compulsory fulfillment of the request is effected and the successor administrator is assigned the administrator role by the computer system without the administrator's consent.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung des Ablaufs einer Übertragung der Administratorrolle bei Eigentümerwechsel von einer Person A auf eine Person B mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Tür-Schließsystem gemäß Variante i.,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung des Ablaufs einer Übertragung der Administratorrolle bei Eigentümerwechsel von einer Person A auf eine Person B mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Tür-Schließsystem gemäß Variante ii.,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung des Ablaufs einer Übertragung der Administratorrolle bei Nutzungswechsel von einer Person A auf eine Person B mit einer Zwischenübertragung auf eine Hilfsperson H und

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung des Ablaufs einer Übertragung der Administratorrolle bei Nutzungswechsel von einer Person A auf eine Person B mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Tür-Schließsystem gemäß Variante iii.

Further practical exemplary embodiments and advantages of the invention are described below in connection with the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of the sequence of a transfer of the administrator role in the event of a change of owner from person A to person B with a door locking system according to the invention according to variant i.,

Fig. 2

a schematic representation of the process of a transfer of the administrator role in the event of a change of owner from person A to person B with a door locking system according to the invention according to variant ii.,

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of the sequence of a transfer of the administrator role when changing use from a person A to a person B with an intermediate transfer to an auxiliary person H and

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of the sequence of a transfer of the administrator role when changing use from a person A to a person B with a door locking system according to the invention according to variant iii.

In the example of Figure 1 In the initial situation, Person A is the administrator of an object, for example an apartment. As the owner of the object, person A has electronic key sovereignty. Figure 1 shows how a transfer of the administrator role in the event of a change of owner with a door locking system according to the invention according to variant i. takes place, ie initiated by person A. To this end, person A begins with an action that is visualized by arrow 1. According to this action 1, person A, in their function as administrator, determines person B as the successor administrator. This can be done, for example, in that person A logs on to a database-based online portal with their user profile and specifies person B as the successor administrator in an area provided for this purpose. Person B can thus - if person B is already included in the online portal - be made in a simple manner by selection, possibly with a previous search in a directory - and confirmation.

After confirmation, a corresponding request is sent to person B by the code of the computer program product. This request informs person B that person A has requested a transfer of the administrator role. This can be done, for example, in that person B is informed by email, by message on a mobile phone or in some other way.

If person B rejects the request, which is visualized by the action according to arrow 2a, the request is rejected and person A remains the administrator. The same can optionally also be provided if person B does not accept the request within a predetermined time window. In In this case, the computer program product evaluates the non-acceptance within a time window as a rejection (counts as rejected).

If, on the other hand, person B accepts the request in accordance with the action according to arrow 2b, all user access authorizations that person A may have granted while holding the administrator role are initially deactivated, i.e. completely deleted, with the help of the transmission module. Only when this deletion has taken place is the authorization of the administrator (administrator role) transferred from person A to person B in a second process step.

Figure 2 visualized - starting from the same starting position as in Figure 1, ie person A is the owner of an object and accordingly has electronic key sovereignty and the administrator role - a transfer of the administrator role according to variant ii. In this case, the transfer of the administrator's authorization is initiated by person B. Accordingly, according to the method step, which is visualized by arrow 3, person B names an object for which person B would like to assume the administrator role. This can be done by selecting the object from a directory, in particular if the administration takes place via an online portal with a corresponding database. After the selection of the object by person B, the code of the computer program product then causes a request to transfer the administrator role to be sent to the person who is currently in the administrator role. In the present case, this is person A. If person A rejects the corresponding request, as indicated by arrow 4a, it is rejected. If, on the other hand, person A accepts the request, the first process step and the second process step run in the same way as above in connection with Figure 1 described from, so that as a result in the second process step person B has the administrator role of the object.

In the example of Figure 3 is in the starting position person A tenant of an object, for example a rented apartment. Person A has electronic key sovereignty and thus the administrator role for the rental apartment. Person A lives in the rented apartment with other family members who are users within the meaning of the invention and who have user access authorizations, for example a first user level.

In the first step according to arrow 5, person A cancels the tenancy. A person H responsible for the house, for example a landlord or a property manager, becomes aware of this and takes note of the notice date. Then, according to the step according to arrow 6, H makes a request as the successor administrator according to variant ii. In order to agree to a transfer of the key sovereignty on a specific termination date. The termination date can either be entered in A together with the termination in a database, or H entered it in a database after receiving the termination. In response to H's request, the code of the computer program product causes A to be requested to consent to the transfer of the administrator role on the cancellation date entered in the database. If A rejects this request according to arrow 7a, the request is canceled. If A agrees to the request according to arrow 7b, the method is continued with the steps outlined by 8 and 9. According to step 8, in a first method step, all user access authorizations that A had ever granted are deleted, in particular the user access authorizations mentioned at the beginning for the other family members. According to step 9, the administrator role is then transferred to the assistant H after all user access authorizations have been successfully deleted.

H then has the option of assigning user access authorizations himself as a new administrator in accordance with step 10, for example in order to grant service providers access to the rented apartment and to carry out corresponding activities to carry out in the property, in particular cleaning, maintenance, repair, renovation or control services.

After completion of the optional work and adequate preparation of the apartment - or even in advance by specifying a transfer date - the assistant H appoints a new tenant B as the successor administrator. The code causes tenant B to receive a request as to whether he agrees to accept the administrator role. If B rejects this request according to arrow 13a, the request is discarded. If B agrees to the request according to arrow 13b, in a first step 14 all user access authorizations that H had assigned are deleted. And in a further, later step 15, the administrator role is transferred from H to B on the specified transfer date. B then of course again has the option of assigning user access authorizations as a new administrator.

Figure 4 shows an example of a door locking system in which the transfer module for a transmission according to variant iii. is used. In the initial situation, the administrator role lies with person A, who rents an apartment. A terminates the apartment and an auxiliary person H, in particular a property manager or the apartment owner, becomes aware of this in accordance with step 16. Person H also learns that person B has rented the apartment from a certain handover date and that person A will leave the apartment renovated by this handover date. Then, according to step 17, H enters the handover date and the information that B should become the successor administrator on the handover date. The transfer module of the door locking system according to the invention then initiates a request to person A according to step 18 with the information that the administrator role is to be handed over on the transfer date and according to step 19 a request to person B that he can accept the administrator role on the transfer date. If, at the latest by the handover date, both person A has agreed to the request in accordance with step 20 and person B has consented in accordance with step 21, On the transfer date according to step 22, the door locking system causes all user access authorizations that person A had assigned to be deleted. Only then is the administrator role transferred from person A to person B according to step 23. Person B can then assign user access authorizations himself according to step 24.

The embodiment described last has the advantage that the handover of rental objects including the handover of the electronic key sovereignty can be timed and with a high degree of legal certainty with regard to the deletion of all access authorizations. Furthermore - and this also applies to the other exemplary embodiments - the handover of an object itself can take place at a predetermined point in time without the presence of other people, for example the assistant H, being required. This makes it possible to manage properties without the mandatory on-site presence of an owner or property manager over a longer period of time and over several tenant changes.

The features of the invention disclosed in the present description, in the drawings and in the claims can be essential both individually and in any combination for the implementation of the invention in its various embodiments. The invention is not restricted to the embodiments described. It can be varied within the scope of the claims and taking into account the knowledge of the competent specialist.

Claims (15)

Computerized door locking system with a) at least one door assigned to an object, b) at least one door opener assigned to the door and c) a computer system functionally connected to the door opener or the door with a computer program product and a processor, wherein d) the computer program product comprises an executable code which, when running in the processor, is designed to use the computer program product to check whether the digital key has authorization to open this door when a digital key is transmitted to the door opener of a specific door and if so, to open a door lock assigned to the door by activating the door opener or to open the door by activating the door opener, wherein e) an administrator level for at least one administrator of the object and at least one first user level for at least one first user of this first user level is defined in the code of the computer program product, the administrator being authorized to assign at least one user access authorization for a user of the first user level forgive, where f) the code of the computer program product comprises a transfer module which enables the at least one administrator and a successor administrator to implement a change in ownership or a change in use of the object themselves, with either i. in the event of activation by the administrator, the administrator of the object is a successor administrator of the object, whereby the successor administrator, prompted by the code of the computer program product, receives a corresponding request with respect to the object, which he can accept if he wants to become a successor administrator, in which case the successor administrator accepts the request in a In the first step, all user access authorizations of the user levels assigned to the administrator of the object are deactivated in an automated manner, and in a second step the authorization of the administrator of the object is transferred to the successor administrator of the object
or ii. in the case of activation by the successor administrator, the successor administrator of the object at least names the object, whereby the administrator receives a corresponding request via the code of the computer program product regarding the submission of the administrator role of the object, which he can accept if he is the administrator -Role of the object would like to hand over to the successor administrator of the object, whereby in the case of the acceptance of the request by the administrator of the object in a first procedural step all user access authorizations of the user levels assigned to the administrator of the object are deactivated and in a second procedural step the authorization of the administrator regarding the object is transferred to the successor administrator of the object
or iii. In the case of activation by an auxiliary person, the auxiliary person names an administrator of an object and a successor administrator of an object, whereby the administrator and the successor administrator cause the code of the computer program product to receive appropriate requests regarding the transfer of the administrative role of the object, which they receive can accept if they agree to the transfer, and if the request is accepted by both the administrator of the object and the successor administrator of the object in a first process step, all user access authorizations of the user levels assigned to the administrator of the object are initially automated are deactivated and in a second step the authorization of the administrator with regard to the object is transferred to the successor administrator of the object Door locking system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the computer program product is functionally linked to a database in which at least one digital contact information of the administrator is stored, the code of the computer program product for the creation of a request according to features i), ii) and / or iii) is designed to query at least one contact information item for the successor administrator, provided that such contact information is not yet stored in the database. Door locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the database is designed to store a transfer date for the transmission. Door locking system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the transfer module is designed to automatically carry out a transfer on the transfer date. Door locking system according to one of the three preceding claims, characterized in that the transfer module is designed to store at least one transfer acceptance parameter. Door locking system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the database is designed so that users of the database can save at least one transmission acceptance parameter and define a complex transmission acceptance requirement on the basis of the one transmission acceptance parameter or several such transmission acceptance parameters . Door locking system according to one of the five preceding claims, characterized in that the database has a user-related possibility of uploading and / or downloading electronic files, conducting audio or video conferences and / or accepting electronic signatures. Door locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the executable code or a digital access authorization for activating the door opener is transmitted at least partially via a remote data connection from the computer system with the computer program product to the door to be opened. Door locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one digital access authorization is stored in a (in particular central and in particular online) user account and via a mobile terminal and / or in a Transponder is exercisable. Door locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one door or a reading device is arranged, which is functionally coupled to the computer system via a remote data connection. Door locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is specified in the code of the computer program product that only exactly one administrator can be assigned to each door or door opener. Door locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one second user level is provided in the code of the computer program product, an administrator and a user of the first user level being authorized to assign at least one user access authorization for a user of the second or one to assign another user level. Door locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the code of the computer program product provides an option for pre-scheduling on the part of an administrator and / or a successor administrator in order to carry out a request at a specified date, which is stored in the database and on schedule is executed by the computer program product. Door locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is stipulated in the code of the computer program that an administrator who makes a request for feature i), at a defined end time not from a Administrator specific successor administrator (new tenant) is accepted automatically by an alternative successor administrator (property management / owner). Door locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is stipulated in the code of the computer program that a successor administrator who makes a request according to feature ii), at a defined end time, is not by a successor administrator ( Subsequent tenant) has been accepted by a certain administrator, then the request can be compulsorily fulfilled if at least one further requirement defined in the code of the computer program is met.

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