EP3769449A1 - Procédé de communication sans-fil entre au moins un terminal de détection d'un risque autonome énergétiquement et un organe communicant - Google Patents
Procédé de communication sans-fil entre au moins un terminal de détection d'un risque autonome énergétiquement et un organe communicantInfo
- Publication number
- EP3769449A1 EP3769449A1 EP19730184.9A EP19730184A EP3769449A1 EP 3769449 A1 EP3769449 A1 EP 3769449A1 EP 19730184 A EP19730184 A EP 19730184A EP 3769449 A1 EP3769449 A1 EP 3769449A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- terminal
- frequency
- transmission
- communicating
- synchronization
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B26/00—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station
- G08B26/007—Wireless interrogation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/007—Details of data content structure of message packets; data protocols
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B26/00—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station
- G08B26/008—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station central annunciator means of the sensed conditions, e.g. displaying or registering
Definitions
- the present invention is directed to a method of wireless communication between at least one energy-independent risk-detection terminal and a device communicating with the terminal. It applies, in particular, to the field of firefighting. STATE OF THE ART
- alarm systems usually comprise a set of detectors or actuators connected either directly or indirectly through intermediate members to a central alarm.
- An example of such a detector is, for example, a smoke detector and an example of an actuator is, for example, a manual alarm trigger located on a wall of a site to be secured and operated by a human operator.
- the current trend is to the autonomous power supply of the detectors, by means of batteries or batteries, and to the wireless communication between detectors and organs or power stations.
- the European Union imposes that certain radio channels, not subject to license for example, are not occupied more than 0.1% of the time by a system. This implies that the increase of the frequency of communication, to make reliable the radio link, is not possible.
- wireless communication between a base station often implements a plurality of channels within a frequency band, allowing the installation of several systems on the same geographical space by limiting the risk of interference between these systems.
- temperature-compensated quartz resonators within energy-independent terminals. Indeed, simple quartz resonators vary in frequency depending on the temperature at which they are exposed, which, in the case of fire detection terminals is counterintuitive to the skilled person. However, temperature-compensated quartz resonators are expensive and consume more electrical energy than simple quartz resonators.
- the present invention aims to remedy all or part of these disadvantages. To this end, the present invention aims at a method of wireless communication between at least one energy-independent risk detection terminal and a communicating device with each terminal, which comprises, iteratively:
- the synchronization between the terminal and the communicating member is performed periodically and on a quartz resonator without temperature compensation at the terminal.
- a quartz resonator is both cheaper and less energy consuming.
- the synchronization at each iteration of the process steps makes it possible to limit the drift in time and in frequency of the resonator.
- the synchronization of the transmit frequency on the received signal in narrow band makes it possible to not resort to a quartz resonator without temperature compensation. This significantly reduces the cost of the system.
- At least one transmit step and / or one transmit step implements narrow-band or FSK LoRa modulation.
- the transmission step is performed alternately between two bands each surrounding a specific and distinct frequency, the two frequencies being spaced at least 300 megahertz.
- the transmitted synchronization signal has frequency and clock information based on a temperature-compensated crystal oscillator of the communicating member.
- the synchronization step comprises:
- the interval between two synchronization and / or transmission steps is identical and less than seventy-five seconds.
- each interval is seventy seconds. In embodiments, each interval between a wake-up and a standby sub-step is less than one hundred and forty milliseconds.
- At least one transmit step is performed in a narrow-band channel whose bandwidth is between twenty-five and seventy-five kilohertz.
- each terminal simultaneously performs the synchronization step
- each terminal performs the transmission step after a different time offset value determined so that no terminal emits simultaneously.
- the time offset value is a multiple of two seconds.
- the method which is the subject of the present invention comprises, iteratively, and for each terminal:
- a first wireless transmission step by the terminal, of a destination message from the communicating member on a band surrounding a second frequency different from the first frequency, a second step of putting the terminal on standby,
- a fourth step of waking the terminal after a determined idle time the time interval between two iterations being less than three hundred seconds.
- the wake-up time of each alarm-transmission-standby terminal is limited in time, in the manner of a time division multiplexing system doubled a frequency division multiplexing system. This allows, in particular, each terminal to benefit from a long power supply by limiting the energy consumption of said terminal and the system to meet the standards in force in terms of occupancy of the available band.
- the method that is the subject of the present invention comprises a step of transmitting an alarm signal, by the terminal, successively on the two bands.
- the terminal transmits an identifier representative of a group of terminals.
- the method that is the subject of the present invention comprises, between two transmission steps by the terminal:
- FIG. 1 represents, schematically and in the form of a logic diagram, a succession of steps of a first particular embodiment of the method which is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 2 represents, schematically, an illustrative chronogram of the method which is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 3 represents, schematically, an illustrative chronogram of the occupation of a frequency band by the implementation of the method which is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 4 represents, schematically and in the form of a logic diagram, a succession of steps of a second particular embodiment of the method which is the subject of the present invention
- FIG. 5 shows, schematically and in the form of a logic diagram, a particular sequence of steps of the device object of the present invention.
- risk detection terminal is meant a device provided with a sensor of a value representative of a physical quantity or an actuator.
- autonomous energy is meant that the terminal is provided with an independent power source, such as a battery or a battery. This autonomy can optionally also be provided by a means of producing electrical energy via a dedicated device, such as a solar panel for example.
- communicating organ is meant any device capable of being connected to a terminal by a radio communication link. This organ may or may not be powered autonomously. This communicating body may be an alarm center or an intermediate member responsible for relaying wirelessly or wirelessly a risk detection to a central alarm.
- system targeted by the present invention may comprise several communicating terminals with a communicating member.
- system targeted by the present invention may comprise several communicating members. Each communicating organ is then associated with at least one terminal.
- FIG. 1 which is not to scale, shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the method 100 which is the subject of the present invention.
- This method of wireless communication between at least one energy-independent risk detection terminal and a communicating device with each terminal comprises, iteratively, and for each terminal:
- the method 100 which is the subject of the present invention implements, for at least one emission step, 105, 120, 135 and / or 150, the narrow-band LoRa or FSK (Frequency Shift Keying).
- the narrow-band LoRa or FSK Frequency Shift Keying
- the method illustrated in FIG. 1 shows, in particular, the way in which the detection of a loss of radio link between a terminal and the organ is ensured.
- the method 100 performs a plurality of cycles consisting of waking, transmitting and then suspending steps. It is the absence of reception of a message sent by a terminal, at the organ, which triggers the detection of a radio link break.
- Each transmission step, 105, 120, 135 and 150 is performed, for example, by the implementation of an antenna chosen and configured to transmit according to the LoRa physical layer transmission protocol, to distinguish LoRaWAN protocol which implements broadband transmission.
- Each transmission step, 105, 120, 135 and 150 can be performed by a single antenna or a separate antenna.
- each transmission step, 105, 120, 135 and 150, according to an identical given frequency band implements a single antenna.
- Each transmission step, 105, 120, 135 and 150, is triggered, for example, by the implementation of a radio transceiver of the terminal, this transceiver being associated with a microcontroller embedded in the terminal.
- the terminal is configured to transmit a message at a given instant according to an internal clock at the terminal preferentially synchronized with the rest of the system.
- the interval between two transmission steps, 105, 120, 135 and 140 is identical and less than seventy-five seconds. In preferred embodiments, each interval is seventy seconds.
- Each transmission step, 105, 120, 135 and 150 is thus preferentially spaced in time from a determined and regular time interval between each transmission step, 105, 120, 135 and 150.
- the monitoring sequence is systematic, whether there is confirmation or not by the receiver of the receipt of a message, the wear of the cells of the elements of the system is therefore similar and this facilitates the maintenance operation battery change.
- the wear of the cells of the elements of the system is therefore similar and this facilitates the maintenance operation battery change.
- the first transmission steps, 105 and 120 are performed respectively on two bands around two distinct frequencies and the second emission stages, 135 and 150, are respectively performed on these two bands, the two frequencies being spaced at least 300 megahertz.
- the two bands are then spaced more than 300 MHz, which is an advantage to secure the transmission of alarms.
- frequency hopping it is usually frequency hopping in the same band (there is therefore a risk of disturbance spread over several channels).
- Another advantage related to the En54-25 standard is that such redundancy on channels more than 1 MHz apart makes it possible to reduce the attenuation reserve by a factor of two, which in fact increases the effective range of the system. respecting the limits of the standard. Frequency hopping would not bring this benefit.
- These two bands correspond, for example, to frequency bands surrounding the frequencies of 868 MHz and 433 MHz.
- a terminal transmits, for example:
- At least one transmit step 105, 120, 135, 140 is performed in a narrow-band channel whose bandwidth is between twenty-five and seventy-five kilohertz. Preferably, this channel has a bandwidth of fifty kilohertz.
- the terminal transmits an identifier representative of a group of terminals.
- This identifier is coded, for example, on three bytes.
- each transmission step, 105, 120, 135 and 150 is preceded by an awakening step, 160, 115, 130 and 145, and succeeded by a standby step, 1 10, 125, 140 and 155.
- This waking state can correspond to:
- a preferential state of prolonged sleep also called hibernation where the terminal is off while all the RAM is copied to a non-volatile computer memory to be used during a wake up step, 160, 1 15, 130 and 145 .
- each standby step, 10, 125, 140 and 155 is triggered immediately after completion of the preceding transmission step 105, 120, 135 and 150.
- Each awakening step, 160, 1, 15, 130 and 145 is configured to be performed at a time corresponding to the determined instant of emission from which is subtracted a determined duration corresponding to a duration of initialization, or awakening, of terminal.
- the transmission steps, 105, 120, 135 and 150 are periodic then, in principle, each awakening step, 160, 1 15, 130 and 145, is also periodic according to the same period.
- each interval between a step, 1 15, 130, 145 and 160, of waking and a step, 1 10, 125, 140 and 155 of successive standby is less than one hundred and forty milliseconds. Preferably, this interval is less than one hundred and fourteen milliseconds.
- This duration corresponds, for example, to the physical duration chosen or necessary to transmit a message as configured in the system.
- each iteration of the method 100 implements four cycles during which the terminal performs a wake-up step, 1 15, 130, 145 and 160, a transmission step, 105, 120, 135 and 150, and a step of standby, 1 10, 125, 140 and 155.
- Each cycle is formed, in addition to these steps specific to the terminal, the remainder of the duration between two iterations of the steps specific to the terminal.
- a time interval of seventy seconds is provided, the cycle lasts seventy seconds.
- the method preferably comprises, between two stages, 105, 120 and 135, 140, transmission by the terminal:
- a step 175 of synchronization, by the terminal, with the transmitted signal a step 175 of synchronization, by the terminal, with the transmitted signal.
- the transmission 170 and synchronization 175 steps are performed once by iteration of the method 100. In other variants, the transmission 170 and synchronization 175 steps are performed once every two or more iterations of the process 100.
- the transmission step 170 is performed, for example, by the implementation of an antenna of the communicating member chosen and configured to transmit according to the LoRa physical layer transmission protocol.
- the reception step 171 is performed, for example, by the implementation of an antenna of the terminal.
- the synchronization step 175 is performed, for example, by recording a clock value at the terminal based on a clock value included in the synchronization signal.
- a start time of the steps of the method 100 is shifted, for each terminal, in the time of a time offset value determined so that no terminal emits simultaneously.
- This time offset value is preferably equal to two seconds.
- FIG. 2 diagrammatically shows the signal transmissions performed by a terminal 200 on two frequency bands 215 and 220, according to the time 230, corresponding to the method 100 illustrated in FIG. 1.
- the terminal 200 transmits:
- the emission 225 of an alarm signal on the two frequency bands is also represented.
- FIG. 3 diagrammatically shows a transmission cycle from the point of view of the communicating device.
- This communicating member receives successively, at regular interval 340, a signal, 301, 302, 303, 304, 331 and 332, from each terminal associated with said communicating member. Transmission of a synchronization signal 345 is also shown.
- the method 100 which is the subject of the present invention comprises a step of detecting a link break between the member and a terminal as a function of the absence of reception of a signal to be transmitted. by said terminal.
- the communicating member receives the signals transmitted by each terminal, on each frequency band, and measures the duration of time between two transmitted signals. If, after a predetermined time, no message has been received by the communicating member, the communicating member determines that a connection break has occurred.
- this predetermined duration corresponds to a representative duration of a plurality of waking-transmitting-standby cycles of the terminal. Preferably, this predetermined duration is less than three hundred seconds.
- the method 100 object of the present invention comprises a step of transmitting an alert signal when a connection break is detected by the communicating member.
- FIG. 1 also shows the consequences of the detection of a risk by a terminal on the communication between the terminal and the organ.
- the method 100 comprises a step 165 of transmitting an alarm signal, by the terminal, on the two bands successively.
- This transmission step 165 may be repeated on a first band in the absence of reception of acknowledgment signals transmitted by the communicating member before being repeated on a second band. Upon receipt of an acknowledgment signal, the terminal ceases to perform the transmission step 165.
- the transmit step 165 is performed up to five times on one band before being performed up to five times on the other band, in the absence of receiving a message. 'acquittal.
- This transmission step 165 implements, for example, an antenna controlled by a radio transceiver associated with a microcontroller of the terminal. This antenna is configured to transmit on both bands.
- the terminal waits for an acknowledgment signal sent by the communicating device before ceasing the transmission of alarm signals.
- this alarm signal transmission can proceed as follows, in an iterative manner: the terminal emits an alarm signal and waits, for a determined duration, an acknowledgment of receipt, this determined duration being greater than the determined duration of the alarm. previous iteration.
- an operator acknowledges the alarm and resets the system from the alarm center, by entering an access code, for example, a command is sent to all the communicating devices and then to the terminals.
- the communicating member receives this reset command, the member transmits a particular synchronization signal having a code different from the reset signal signals transmitted elsewhere.
- a terminal When a terminal receives such a synchronization signal, the transmission of an alarm signal is stopped. However, if a sensor of the terminal always detects the presence of a risk, such as smoke for example, when the terminal is awake, an alarm signal is always issued immediately. Thus, it is possible that the terminal receives the synchronization signal comprising a reset code, that the alarm signal ceases to be issued and that immediately an alarm signal is issued again. This is the case, for example, manual detectors that require a tool to be reset.
- a reset of the system corresponds to a power down of the system and then to a restart.
- the communicating member is configured to transmit, as soon as power is applied, and periodically, a synchronization signal.
- this synchronization signal is not transmitted at a clock time compatible with the step of receiving the synchronization signal from at least one terminal.
- At least one terminal is configured for, when no synchronization signal is received during the step of receiving the synchronization signal, causing an anticipation of the successive standby step.
- At least one terminal is configured to, when no synchronization signal is received during the receiving step, increase the wake-up time of the next reception step.
- At least one terminal is configured for, when no synchronization signal is received after a given number of reception steps, performing a step of transmitting a signal, intended for the communicating organ, representative desynchronization of the terminal.
- the communicating member Upon receipt of such a signal, the communicating member is then configured to extend the transmission time of the synchronization signal.
- Such embodiments make it possible not to have to maintain a permanent radio link between the communicating device and each terminal.
- This method 400 of wireless communication between at least one energy-independent risk-detection terminal and a communicating device with each terminal comprises, iteratively:
- step 425 secondary wake up terminal
- a secondary step 435 for putting the terminal on standby a secondary step 435 for putting the terminal on standby.
- At least one transmission step 405 and / or a transmission step 430 implements a LoRa or FSK modulation.
- the transmission step 405 is performed, for example, by an antenna of the communicating member. This transmission step 405 may be performed on a band surrounding a determined frequency or on a plurality of bands each surrounding a distinct predetermined frequency.
- the synchronization signal is thus transmitted according to a determined frequency and a determined clock signal.
- This clock signal is determined, for example, as a function of a clock signal internal to the communicating member.
- This clock signal is, preferably, derived from a temperature compensated crystal oscillator, also known by the abbreviation TCXO (for "Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscilator").
- the transmitted synchronization signal has frequency and clock information based on a temperature-compensated crystal oscillator. These two parameters serve as a reference for each terminal of the system.
- the primary awakening step 410 and the awakening secondary step 425 are performed in a manner similar to the awakening step 1 as described with reference to FIG.
- the synchronization step 415 is performed, for example, in a manner similar to the synchronization step 175 as described with reference to FIG.
- the synchronization step 415 comprises:
- a step 447 for modifying the resonator clock as a function of a measured drift value is a step 447 for modifying the resonator clock as a function of a measured drift value.
- the measurement step 440 is performed, for example, by an electronic control circuit comparing the transmission frequency of the terminal and the frequency of the synchronization signal.
- an electronic control circuit is typically present in a radio transceiver.
- the modification step 445 is performed by resonating the quartz resonator of the terminal with the frequency of the synchronization signal. This step 445 is preferably performed when the measured drift is greater than a determined limit value.
- the primary standby step 420 and the standby sub-step 435 are performed in a manner similar to the standby step 1 as described with reference to FIG.
- the transmission step 430 is similarly done in transmission 105 as described with reference to FIG.
- the transmission step 430 is performed alternately between two bands each surrounding a specific and distinct frequency, the two frequencies being spaced at least 300 megahertz.
- Such a variant is illustrated in FIG. 2 and described opposite the same figure.
- At least one transmit step 430 is performed in a narrow-band channel whose bandwidth is between twenty-five and seventy-five kilohertz.
- the interval between two synchronization and / or transmission steps 415 is identical and less than seventy-five seconds. In preferred embodiments, each interval is seventy seconds.
- each interval between a wake up secondary step 425 and a standby secondary step 435 is less than one hundred and forty milliseconds. In preferred embodiments, each interval is one hundred and fourteen milliseconds.
- each terminal simultaneously performs the synchronization step 415,
- each terminal performs the transmission step 430 after a different time offset value determined so that no terminal emits simultaneously.
- the simultaneous realization of the synchronization step 415 is meant the fact that the terminals wake up at a given identical time, and based on their own internal clock. For example, seventy seconds after the last primary wake up stage, the terminals wake up. This allows, in a single time slot, synchronize all terminals.
- the communicating member, here, then transmits only one synchronization signal.
- each terminal transmits at a differentiated clock time so as to avoid signal collisions.
- This clock time is specific to each terminal, and may be specified during the construction or during the deployment of the system by sending an initial signal of parameterization by the communicating device, in which each terminal receives a clock time d different emission or a number multiplied by a time constant, such as two seconds, to obtain a date of completion of a transmission step with respect to the clock.
- each terminal is associated with a number k from 1 to 32.
- Each terminal transmits a clock signal, since the last synchronization step 415 equal to k multiplied by a time offset value.
- This time offset value is, for example, a multiple of two seconds. Preferably, this time offset value is two seconds.
- FIG. 5 shows the system 500 object of the present invention comprising:
- a communicating member 505 emitting a single synchronization signal 525 received by each terminal 510, 515 and 520 and
- the three terminals 510, 515 and 520 each emitting a signal, 530, 535 and 540, of distinct communication and offset in time.
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Electric Clocks (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1853663A FR3080725B1 (fr) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-04-26 | Procede de communication sans-fil entre au moins un terminal de detection d'un risque autonome energetiquement et un organe communicant |
FR1853667A FR3080727B1 (fr) | 2018-04-26 | 2018-04-26 | Procede de communication sans-fil entre au moins un terminal de detection d'un risque autonome energetiquement et un organe communicant |
PCT/FR2019/050988 WO2019207261A1 (fr) | 2018-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | Procédé de communication sans-fil entre au moins un terminal de détection d'un risque autonome énergétiquement et un organe communicant |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3769449A1 true EP3769449A1 (fr) | 2021-01-27 |
Family
ID=66826991
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19730184.9A Pending EP3769449A1 (fr) | 2018-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | Procédé de communication sans-fil entre au moins un terminal de détection d'un risque autonome énergétiquement et un organe communicant |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3769449A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019207261A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2839593B1 (fr) * | 2002-05-07 | 2006-06-23 | Radio Systemes Ingenierie | Procede de communication radiofrequence entre plusieurs dispositifs et systeme de surveillance mettant en oeuvre un tel procede |
JP4396584B2 (ja) | 2005-06-08 | 2010-01-13 | パナソニック電工株式会社 | 火災報知システム |
US9264161B2 (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2016-02-16 | Life Safety Distribution Ag | Wireless fire system with idle mode and gateway redundancy |
BE1023503B1 (nl) * | 2015-10-07 | 2017-04-10 | Senso2Me Nv | Draadloos signaleringssysteem |
US9786155B2 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-10-10 | Honeywell International Inc. | Employing offsets to create multiple orthogonal channel sequences in frequency hopping systems |
FR3056867B1 (fr) * | 2016-09-29 | 2020-01-24 | Airbus Defence And Space Sas | Procede d’emission, par un terminal d’un systeme de communication a acces par slot, d’un message avec sauts de frequence intra-message |
-
2019
- 2019-04-26 WO PCT/FR2019/050988 patent/WO2019207261A1/fr unknown
- 2019-04-26 EP EP19730184.9A patent/EP3769449A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2019207261A1 (fr) | 2019-10-31 |
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