EP3768977A1

EP3768977A1 - Propeller wheel to be driven in a rotational direction

Info

Publication number: EP3768977A1
Application number: EP19717110.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Karl Hägele; Markus Lechler
Original assignee: IE Assets GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: IE Assets GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2018-03-20
Filing date: 2019-03-15
Publication date: 2021-01-27
Anticipated expiration: 2039-03-15
Also published as: US11365749B2; ES2951018T3; DE102018106455A1; US20210003141A1; WO2019179562A1; PL3768977T3; EP3768977B1; FI3768977T3; DK3768977T3; DE102018106455B4

Abstract

For a propeller wheel to be driven in a rotational direction comprising a central drive unit, a hub positioned coaxially relative to the drive unit and comprising radial propeller blades mounted in the hub, an embodiment is provided, whereby the propeller blades engage at the base end between two drive tracks which are fixed relative to the drive unit and are arranged coaxially opposite one another in the direction of the axis of rotation of the propeller wheel, and said propeller blades can be adjusted in terms of their blade angle, into opposing conveying directions, by being driven by a respective one of the drive tracks about their blade axis via a reversal plane perpendicular to the circulation plane.

Description

Fan to be driven in one direction of rotation

The invention relates to a fan which, despite its limitation to only one driving direction and the resulting limited demands on the associated drive unit the requirements for opposite directions of flow and for variability in the delivery volume, in particular

Depending on an axial load of the fan wheel, but optionally also each selected, freely adjustable axial load of the fan wheel, is fair.

This is achieved by a structural design of the fan wheel with a coaxial with the drive unit, preferably at least part of the drive unit receiving and / or enclosing and limited play axially

slidable and with rotational play to the drive unit

driven hub. In this hub are the radial ones

Fan blades rotatably supported about their wing axes and against the drive unit positionally stable and axially spaced drive tracks, according to the load-dependent axial

Adjustment of the hub to the drive unit, synchronous

supported by drives. The rotation of the hub to

Drive unit and thus the conversion of the fan blades mounted in the hub in their orientation to the orbital plane of the fan wheel is optionally also dampening and / or Temperature dependent limited to at least one switching window. This is such that with respect to a the axes of rotation of

Fan blade containing envelope plane the fan blades

be rotated about their respective axis of rotation rotatably between opposite conveying directions, namely suction or blowing direction.

To the limited rotational play drive connection of the hub to the drive unit, an actuator is provided in the invention, in the axial connection between the drive unit and the hub head lying, wherein -

Nabenkopf rotatably and together with the hub head according to the axial clearance between the hub and drive unit axially

displaceable - a switching star is provided.

This switching star lies in the axial overlap area to two annular discs, which are connected to the drive unit, in particular a drive part of the drive unit, rotatably and positionally fixed and against which the switching star in the context of

provided axial clearance of the hub to the drive part is axially adjustable. These annular discs are not only firmly connected to each other, but also provided with respect to their inner circumference with the same meander-shaped structures, to which on the part of the switching star in opposite directions

Meander-shaped structure is provided circumferentially.

Due to the interaction of the meandering, congruent inner circumferential structures of the annular discs and the meandering, circumferential structure of the star switch radial engagement areas are given in the circumferential direction, which given in accordance with a circumferentially offset between the ring side and star side given, radially overlapping boundary surfaces, the rotation of the

Enable and limit switching stars against the annular discs, and thus each corresponding, the axial displacement of the

Set switching star each simultaneously approaching switching window.

According to the respective switching window size and the rotation angle between hub and

Drive unit is the switching process in the transition from bubbles to suction, or vice versa - and thus the change in the air flow and the flow direction

dependent axial load of the fan wheel - limited to a relatively small angle of rotation. This

Rotation angle range is sufficiently dimensioned to allow a largely unimpeded axial transition of the switching star from a given to one of the annular disks same level position on the plane of the other annular disc.

Accordingly, the switching process is therefore not high

Stellkräfte dependent and / or associated with such, especially the associated with the switching rotation of the fan blades about their axes of rotation and on the Umschlag level

sudden switching processes also mass-force dependent

due to inertia, an overshoot of the switching level

favors.

The necessary for the conversion of the conveying direction

Switching forces are introduced according to a preferred solution on the air admission of the fan wheel, and thus only indirectly dependent on the controllable drive power.

Instead, or optionally in addition to the dependent on the aerodynamic loading of the impeller axial loading of the hub, the hub may also be assigned a separate adjusting device. These

Adjusting device may be formed in a simple manner magnetically working, so that optionally on the Adjustment device alone and / or in combination with the aerodynamic impingement the conversion of the fan blades on the turn-over level can be effected.

Furthermore, the number of switching windows can be selected matched to the respective shape of the meander-shaped contouring, with respect to a symmetrical to the axis of rotation support at least two with respect to the axis of rotation each other

opposite switching window conditionally and with regard to a smooth axial displacement of the switch _S ternes against the annular discs may also have adapted guide flanks.

Further details and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the drawing and the

Drawings. Show it:

1 is an exploded view of the hub portion of

Fan wheel with indicated position for one of the radial to the hub of the fan wheel and branched off by the rotary drive for the fan actuator for twisting the fan blades to their wing axes,

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the in Fig.

FIG. 1 fan blade illustrated as an exploded view, viewed radially along the axis of a blade, FIG.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 5

Schematic views of a same direction of rotation in opposite directions promotional fan wheel, in which the fan blades are adjusted to their wing axes to reverse the conveying direction over a plane transverse to the orbital plane of the fan wheel, 4 and 6

Corresponding to the sash positions according to FIGS. 3 and 5, the function of the actuator operating in an off-axis manner for the rotation of the fan blades about their sash axes and their successive steps in unwindings, as well as

FIGS. 7 and 8

Figs. 3 and 5 in the basic structure corresponding

Representations in which, in contrast to FIGS. 3 and 5, for reversing the conveying direction, the fan blades about their wing axes rotatably guided to the hub over the orbit plane of the fan wheel as Umschlag level

be pivoted.

The fan of FIG. 2, in Fig. 1 in a

is shown in detail in perspective exploded view, is designated as a whole and comprises as part of a

Drive unit 2 a to the rotation axis 3 coaxial drive part 4. For this drive part 4, a drive unit 2 forming a respective motor, possibly also electromotive drive integrated, or also be provided directly or indirectly verkuppelt.

In both embodiments, the drive part 4 is preferably provided with two in the direction of the rotation axis 3 of the impeller 1 coaxial opposing annular drive tracks 6 and 7, which form the opposite side walls of a radially outwardly open annular channel 24, in which the pin-like, in the hub 5 stored foot parts 12 of the

projecting radial fan blades 8 of the fan wheel 1 with a radial clearance. Preferably, in the annular channel 24th

protruding ends of the pin-like foot parts 12 by

Drive elements, such as pinion 10 formed at Power transmission to one of the drive tracks 6, 7 against the other drive track 7.6 each in the circumferential direction

limited play are rotatable.

According to this design, the drive part 4 is in

Direction of the rotation axis 3 in the context of an axial clearance S slidably, the alternative drive support of the

Pinion 10 against one of the opposite

Drive tracks 6, 7 allows.

By this engagement of their preferred each formed by a pinion 10 end of the pin-like foot part 12 between the drive tracks 6 and 7 and the respective drive support to one of these drive tracks 6, 7, the fan blades 8 are rotatable about their wing axes 9. This rotation of the fan blades 8 to their wing axles 9 allows for the same

Direction of rotation of the fan 1 conversion to

opposite conveying directions, so that, for example, between a working operation with suction of an air flow through an upstream cooler 11 can be switched from a suction position 25 and into a blow position 26, in which via the fan 1, a blowing against the radiator 11th

directed air flow is generated to - when blowing against the radiator 11 - to free the radiator 11 of scheduled impurities.

For a fan 1 according to FIGS. 3 and 5 with its hub 5 radially projecting, about their wing axes 9 rotatable fan blades 8 thus results in the same

Driving direction when turning the fan blades 8 on a plane transverse to the rotational plane 13 of the fan 1

Transhipment plane 14 is a reversal of the conveying direction. The

Transhipment level 14 lies in the transition between the suction mode and the blow mode as suction position 25 and blow position 26 occupied wing positions and corresponds to a relative to the conveying directions in the suction and blowing operation intermediate, directionally neutral transitional position of the

Fan blade 8. The change over the turn-over plane 14 is not connected to a change in the air supply to the fan blades between their wings to the blade plane opposite wing surfaces 33 and 34 as in the

Embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8. In both

Delivery directions are thus given the same funding conditions.

According to - depending on the working mode - related to the suction and the blowing operation opposite

Flow directions and thus also on the fan blades 8 - and their storage in the hub 5 - acting on the hub 5, in the direction of the rotation axis 3 opposite to each other

aerodynamic axial forces results in the game area S an axial displacement of the hub 5 to the drive part 4. These

Displacement causes the support position of the pinion 10 to the drive tracks 6, 7 changes, associated with a change in the drive direction of rotation of the pinion 10, and thus also for the respective fan blades. 8

The embodiment provides for the conversion of the fan blades 8 in their conveying direction under the influence of aerodynamic and / or inertial restoring forces, such as initiated by brief interruption z. B. Shutdown of the drive. According to the invention corresponding control pulses, for example by means of mechanical or electrical adjusting devices are applied to the hub 5, whereby a respectively desired, so arbitrarily initiated conversion as well as a

Rotary fixation of the fan wheel can be achieved. A related actuator 35 may, for example

in addition, or independent of the aerodynamic

Be brought into use, for example to Definition of speed-dependent and / or temperature-dependent switching points. The adjusting device 35 is illustrated in Fig. 1 axially following the drive member 4 as an electrically controllable magnetic actuator, which is supported axially fixed position.

Relative to the design according to the invention are the

Drive tracks 6, 7 formed by with their sprockets 29 opposing ring gears between which the pinion 10 protrude. The pinion 10 have to the sprockets 29 so far game on that according to the size of the backlash between the teeth of the sprockets 29 and the pinion 10 in axiallastabhängiger admission of the hub 5 no

Actuating between the respective pairs of teeth, the pinion 10 to the sprockets 29 but still fixed rotational synchronous, so all the fan blades have 8 corresponding adjustment positions.

The change in the hub 5 in the parting plane between the drive side hub portion 28 and opposite, secondary head 27 mounted fan blades 8 in their orientation to the "suction" and "bubbles" opposite conveying directions is illustrated in Figs. 3 and 5, by a rotation of the fan blades 8 about their wing axes 9, wherein the change can be connected in opposite directions with a rotation of the fan blades 8 about their wing axes 9 over a rotation angle in the order of about 120 to 150 °, and wherein the fan blades 8 in this rotation each pivot over a plane perpendicular to the orbital plane 13 of the fan wheel 1 transverse plane, the turn-over plane 14, as illustrated in the illustrations of FIGS. 3 and 5.

This conversion takes place in the embodiment, in each case via a concentric to the drive part 4 and the hub 5, from the Hub 5 enclosed actuator 15, as illustrated for example in Fig. 1.

This actuator 15 comprises two to the axis of rotation 3 of the

Fan wheel 1 concentric and thus also to the hub axle coaxial annular discs 16, 17, which at their inner, delimiting their central recess ring circumference, each with at least substantially congruent, such as

Meander-shaped inner contours 18 are provided. With respect to their meandering inner contours 18 are the

Ring discs 16, 17 offset in the circumferential direction against each other axially fixed position connected to each other. Tuned to the inner contour 18 of the annular discs 16, 17 is a switching star 19 with a circumferential, complementary meandering

Outer contour 32.

The respective meander-shaped contouring 18 or 32 results from the fact that the annular discs 16, 17 have open recesses 20 for the respective inner annular circumference, which are delimited from each other by arms 21 that rebound radially between the recesses 20. The complementary

Außenkonturierung 32 of the switching _S ternes 19 provides against the outer periphery projecting, so radially outwardly projecting arms 22 to circumferentially intermediate recesses 23, wherein the measured distance in the circumferential direction between each radially projecting adjacent arms 21 of

Ring disks 16, 17, and thus the measured in the circumferential direction

Width of the recesses 20 of the annular discs 16, 17 is greater than the width of the arms 22 of the switch _S ternes 19th

Accordingly, the switching star 19 with a respective arm 22 to a respective receiving recess 20 of the annular discs 16, 17 in the circumferential direction game on, so that a

Switching window 30 is formed. The hitch-free initiating the arms 22 of the switch _S ternes 19 in corresponding

Recesses 20 can by Kantenverrundungen and / or

Chamfers are facilitated.

The switching star 19 is fixed to the coaxial hub 5 on an axial overlap position to the annular discs 16, 17th

supported and is in accordance with the axial loading of the hub 5 by the in the "suction" 25 or "Blasbetrieb" 26 opposite axial forces each to one of the annular discs 16, 17 in the same plane, said

Ring discs 16, 17 due to their summary to a

"Package" are mutually supported and despite small thickness while maintaining their plan training and can transmit large torques on the star 19.

For the star 19, which is at least in thickness in its thickness

Range of its outer contour to the thickness of the annular discs 16,

17 is tuned, it is possible to reinforce this in the region of its central region by thickening or the like bulge and / or bowl-like. In particular, this also comes with regard to the rigid connection of the

Switch _S ternes 19 to the hub head 27 in question.

In the case of operating state dependent changes in the position of the switching star 19 this is axially displaced according to the axial clearance S between the hub 5 and drive part 4 and it changes the star 19 in the switching window 30 (see FIGS. 4 and 6) on the other of the adjacent and interconnected annular discs 16, 17.

This with the result that according to the offset position of the switching star 19 between the drive tracks 6 and 7 engaging pinion 10 in its engaged position to the

Drive tracks 6, 7 changes. This is again at

constant drive-side direction of rotation with a Changing the direction of rotation and the rotational position of the fan blades 8 to their respective wing axes 9 and a reversal of the

Conveying direction connected.

If, for example, starting from a working state "blowing", a changeover to the working state "suction", the axial state associated with the blowing state is reduced

Actuation of the fan wheel 1 with the approximation of

Alignment of the fan blades 8 to its envelope plane 14, leads in a boundary region around the transfer plane to reverse the axial loading of the fan and the turning of the wings 8 and to change the system of the pinion 10 between the drive tracks 6 and 7. This takes place in the

provided switching window 30th

According to the contouring of the annular discs 16, 17 and the

Switch star 19 is provided over the respective circumference at least one respective switching window 30, but preferably at least two or more mutually diametrically opposed switching window 30 are provided with respect to the axis of rotation 3 symmetrical supporting forces.

Apart from the limited by the game S securing the axial position of the hub 5 non-rotatable switching star 19 for each according to the operating phase "bubbles" or "sucking" axially overlapping annular disc 16, 17 outside the limited by the switching window envelope area allows the invention regardless Extension of the functions a very compact structure. In addition, the rotation between

Switch star 19 and respective, located in the axial overlap position annular disc 16, 17 a low-impact transition

Change of the switching star 19 between the annular discs 16, 17 due to the corresponding rotational speeds and each of which is limited in terms of play and interrupted

Drive connection result.

The inventive separation of axial and radial

Engagement path in the drive connection between the

Drive part 4 and by the aerodynamic force

acted hub 5 affects the constructive

Design options advantageous, so in particular with regard to the design of the actuator 15 from easy to manufacture and space-saving cooperating elements, the mutual support between these elements also a very lightweight and compact design

allows.

The actuator 15 according to the invention has outside the

Switching phase with the result that the fan blades 8 via their associated pinion 10 to one of the drive tracks 6, 7th

are stationary "in engagement" and the fan wheel 1 is thus rotatably supported via drive paths parallel to the drive part 4. This by engagement of the pinion 10 in one of

Drive tracks 6, 7 and through the storage of

Fan blade 8 in the non-rotatable to the drive part 4 hub 5, which leads to mutual relief.

For a to be driven in one direction only fan 1 with a central drive unit 2, with the drive unit 2 coaxial hub 5 and with radial, mounted in the hub 5 fan blades 8 training is provided in which the fan blades 8 feet position between two to the drive unit 2 position and in the direction of the axis of rotation 3 of the fan wheel 1 coaxially opposed drive tracks 6.7

engage and in their wing angle by driving over each one of the drive tracks 6.7 to their wing axes 8 via a transfer plane 14 in opposite directions of conveyance can be changed, wherein the turn-over plane 14 extends transversely to the circulating plane 13 or, as shown in FIG. 7 and 8, the

Transverse plane 14 coincides with the orbital plane 13.

Also based on the example of FIGS. 7 and 8 is the

Circumferential direction of the driven fan wheel 1 illustrated by the arrow 31. For the direction of rotation 31, and thus also to the orbital plane 13 of the fan wheel, the fan blades 8 are set at an angle depending on the desired conveying direction, with reference to FIG. 7 in the sense of a blowing operation in a blowing position 26

according to FIG. 5 and in FIG. 8 in the sense of a suction operation in a suction position 25 analogous to FIG. 3. The changeover between suction and blowing operation is neutral with respect to the conveying direction, with the orbital plane 13

coinciding handling plane 36 as Umschlagstellung.

Otherwise, comparable to Figures 3 and 5

Given working conditions, according to FIG. 4 and 6, so that in principle the same structural design an adaptation to respective needs is possible. This is particularly due to the differently shaped in the solutions of FIGS. 7 and 8 for the suction and blowing operation and curved in opposite directions wing surfaces 33, 34 and the achievable differences in terms of promotion in the suction and blowing operation.

The neutral with respect to the conveying direction Umschlagstellung the fan blades 8 can also be used according to the invention as a held intermediate layer to interrupt despite occasional continuous drive of the fan wheel 1, the air delivery and temporarily shut off. For this purpose, to be held

Intermediate layer on the adjusting device 35, in particular in the embodiment as a magnetic actuator, and independent of other the impeller 1 acting on the actuating forces

be set and held.

Claims

claims

1. Fan wheel (1) to be driven in only one direction of rotation with a central drive unit (2), with a hub coaxial to the drive unit (2), with radial, in the hub (5)

mounted fan blades (8), the foot side between two to the drive unit (2) positionally fixed and in the direction of the axis of rotation (3) of the fan wheel (1) coaxially opposite each other

Drive tracks (6, 7) engage and in their wing angle (31) by driving via one of the drive tracks (6 or 7) about their wing axes (9) via a to the orbital plane (13)

vertical transfer plane (14) to opposite

Conveying directions are reversible, wherein the hub (5) by a respective axial load to the drive unit (2) is axially displaceable and corresponding to the axial displacement of the hub (5) the rotational position of the fan blades (8) in the region of a Umschlagebene (14) cross-switching window (30) is convertible to opposite directions of conveyance.

2. Fan wheel (1) to be driven in only one direction of rotation with a central drive unit (2), with a hub coaxial to the drive unit (2), with radial, in the hub (5)

mounted fan blades (8), the foot side between two to Drive unit (2) positionally fixed and in the direction of the axis of rotation (3) of the fan wheel (1) coaxial with each other

Drive tracks (6, 7) engage and in their wing angle (31) by driving over one of the drive tracks (6 or 7) about their wing axes (9) over a along the orbital plane (13) extending envelope plane (14) to opposite

3. In only one direction to be driven impeller according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized,

in that the size of the switching window (30) extending over a rotary sector of the fan wheel (1) is defined by an adjusting drive (15) which is arranged in the drive connection between the drive unit (2) and the drive unit (2).

opposite end of the hub (5) is located.

4. In only one direction to be driven impeller according to claim 3,

characterized,

in that the actuating drive (15) is connected coaxially fixed in position,

concentric annular discs (16, 17) with the same, non-circular

Inner diameters, which are rotational position offset and against their inner diameter open recesses (20) for

Receiving radial arms (22) of an equiaxed central

Recorded switching _S ternes (19), in its

Axiallage to the annular discs (16, 17) between the

Ring discs (16, 17) even layers is convertible.

5. To be driven in a direction of rotation fan according to claim

4,

characterized,

that the conversion of the fan blades (8) between the

Suction position (25) and its blow position (26) for the axial displacement of the switch _S ternes (19) between the annular discs (16, 17) corresponds.

6. In only one direction to be driven impeller according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized,

the hub (5) is axially displaceable relative to the drive unit by aerodynamic loading and / or by means of an adjusting device (35).