EP3765307A1 - Document apte a generer une image couleur - Google Patents
Document apte a generer une image couleurInfo
- Publication number
- EP3765307A1 EP3765307A1 EP19717539.1A EP19717539A EP3765307A1 EP 3765307 A1 EP3765307 A1 EP 3765307A1 EP 19717539 A EP19717539 A EP 19717539A EP 3765307 A1 EP3765307 A1 EP 3765307A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pixels
- lens
- pixel
- color
- sub
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/43—Marking by removal of material
- B42D25/435—Marking by removal of material using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/324—Reliefs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/41—Marking using electromagnetic radiation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/43—Marking by removal of material
- B42D25/44—Marking by removal of material using mechanical means, e.g. engraving
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of color image formation and relates more particularly to a device or object, such as a document for example, capable of generating a personalized color image.
- the invention finds particular applications in the formation of identity images in identity documents such as official documents: identity cards, credit cards, passports, driving licenses, secure entry badges and so on.
- the invention is intended in particular to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the state of the art mentioned above.
- the present invention relates to a document capable of generating a color image, comprising:
- each pixel forming a pattern comprising an arrangement of sub-pixels of at least two different colors
- a lens array disposed opposite the set of pixels so as to generate the color image by focusing or diverging incident light through the lenses on at least a portion of the sub-pixels
- each lens being positioned, relative to an associated pixel located opposite, to focus or diverge the incident light on at least one of the sub-pixels of said associated pixel so as to modify the contribution of the respective colors of the sub-pixels; pixels of the associated pixel, in a region of the color image generated through said lens, with respect to the pattern intrinsically formed by the associated pixel independently of said lens.
- the invention advantageously makes it possible, thanks to the lenses, to create shades of colors so as to form a color image by the interaction between the lens array and the set of pixels.
- the color image is formed by the combination of the lens array and the set of pixels located vis-à-vis.
- the set of pixels is only a blank arrangement of color pixels to the extent that this set is devoid of the information characterizing the color image.
- It is the lens array that is configured, according to the chosen subpixel arrangement, to customize the visual appearance of the pixels and thereby generate, by juxtaposition of the visual appearances of the pixels, the final color image.
- the lenses shape, positioning, etc.
- it is possible to configure the lenses so as to select certain colors from among the different colors present in the set of pixels.
- the invention makes it possible in particular to generate a highly saturated color zone in the desired color or even desaturated in the particular case where the target sub-pixel is white in color.
- the invention thus makes it possible to form monochrome image areas of good quality, while ensuring a high level of complexity that guarantees the security of the image with respect to fraud.
- the invention makes it possible, for example, to produce a highly saturated or desaturated background image in a given color, such as white, for example.
- the principle of the invention it is possible to easily detect fraud when the image has been falsified or illegally reproduced.
- this level of complexity and security of the image achieved through the invention is not detrimental to the quality of the visual rendering of the image. This does not prevent in particular the formation of color images comprising areas requiring significant contrast as in the case of a face vis-à-vis a background image.
- the invention makes it possible to form quality color images from a large gamut of color.
- each pixel of said set of pixels forms an identical pattern of sub-color pixels.
- the set of pixels is configured so that the sub-pixels are uniformly distributed on or in the substrate.
- each pixel of said set of pixels is configured such that each sub-pixel has a unique color in said pixel.
- the lens array is formed from a layer comprising surface deformations defining the microlenses, said layer being the substrate or a layer laminated with the substrate.
- the sub-pixels in the set of pixels comprise a reflective surface positioned under the sub-pixels for reflecting the incident light through the lens array.
- At least one lens in the lens array is a convergent lens configured to focus incident light received so as to enhance the color contribution of at least one subpixel of the associated pixel, in the region. corresponding color image generated through said lens, with respect to the respective color contribution of each other sub-pixel of said associated pixel.
- At least one lens in the lens array is a convergent lens configured to focus incident light received on only one of the subpixels of the associated pixel so as to mask the color of each other sub-pixel of said associated pixel in the corresponding region of the color image generated through said lens.
- each lens of the lens array is a convergent lens configured to focus incident light received on a single subpixel of the same predetermined color in the associated pixel. so as to display as a single color the predetermined color in said monochrome region of the color image.
- At least one first lens of the lens array is a convergent lens configured to focus incident light received on at least two sub-pixels of the associated pixel so as to appear in a corresponding region of the image color a hybrid color resulting from a combination of the colors of said at least two sub-pixels, wherein said first lens has, in its smallest dimension, a smaller maximum dimension of 150 ⁇ m.
- At least one lens of the lens array is a diverging lens configured to diverge incident light received by the lens so as to reduce the color contribution of at least one subpixel of the associated pixel, in the corresponding region of the color image generated through said lens, with respect to the respective color contribution of each other sub-pixel of said associated pixel.
- the document furthermore comprises:
- a laserizable transparent layer arranged facing the set of pixels, said laserizable transparent layer being at least partially carbonized by laser radiation so as to include opacified regions locally opposite sub-pixels to produce gray levels in the color image generated through the lenses.
- the probability density of the presence of each sub-pixel color is constant in the set of pixels.
- the invention also relates to a method for generating an image in a document as defined above.
- the invention provides a method for generating a color image, comprising:
- each pixel forming a pattern comprising an arrangement of sub-pixels of at least two different colors
- the method comprises:
- the method comprises:
- each lens is positioned relative to the associated pixel located vis-à-vis independently of the positioning of the other lenses of said lens array.
- At least one first lens of the lens array is a convergent lens configured to focus incident light received on at least two sub-pixels of the associated pixel so as to appear in a corresponding region of the image color a hybrid color resulting from a combination of the colors of said at least two sub-pixels,
- said first lens is formed so that it has, in its smallest dimension, a smaller maximum dimension of 150 ⁇ m.
- the method comprises a determination of respective weights assigned to each of said at least two subpixels, said weights representing respective contributions of each subpixel in the color combination producing the hybrid color;
- said first lens being configured relative to the associated pixel in accordance with said respective weights assigned to at least two subpixels.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a document according to a particular embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view schematically showing a document according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS. 3A to 3D diagrammatically represent sets of pixels according to particular embodiments of the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view along IV showing schematically a document according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing the document of Figure 4, according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 are diagrammatic views of the set of pixels of the document of FIG. 4, according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 8 is a top view diagrammatically representing the visual appearance of an image generated by the document of FIG. 4, according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view along IX schematically showing a document according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing the document of Figure 9, according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 11 is a top view schematically showing the set of pixels of the document of Figure 9, according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 12 is a top view diagrammatically representing the visual appearance of an image generated by the document of FIG. 9, according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 13 is a sectional view schematically showing a document according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- - Figure 14 is a sectional view schematically showing a document according to a particular embodiment of the invention
- - Figure 15 is a sectional view schematically showing a document according to a particular embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 16 represents, in the form of a diagram, the steps of a method for generating a color image, according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 17 represents, in the form of a diagram, the steps of a method for generating a color image, according to a particular embodiment of the invention.
- the invention relates to the formation of color images and aims in particular a device or object, such as a document for example, capable of generating a personalized color image from color pixels.
- the device in the sense of the invention can take various forms and have various functions, a characteristic being that it is capable of generating a color image according to the principle of the invention as disclosed in this document.
- This document can be any document, such as booklet, card or other, including an identity document such as for example: an identity card, a credit card, a passport, a driver's license, a badge of secure entry, etc.
- the examples described below aim to generate an identity image.
- the image considered can be any.
- the image can be (or include a region) monochrome or multicolor.
- the invention proposes to produce customized color images that are highly secure and have good image quality.
- the invention implements a device capable of generating a color image, comprising: a set of pixels printed on or in a substrate, each pixel forming a pattern comprising a sub-arrangement of pixels of at least two different colors; and a lens array arranged next to the set of pixels so as to generate the color image by focusing or diverging incident light through the lenses on at least a portion of the sub-pixels.
- Each lens can be positioned (or configured), relative to a pixel (called “associated pixel") situated opposite, to focus or diverge the incident light on at least one of the sub-pixels of said associated pixel of so as to modify the contribution of the respective colors of the subpixels of the associated pixel, in a region of the color image generated through the lens, with respect to the pattern intrinsically formed by the associated pixel independently of (or without) said lens.
- associated pixel a pixel
- each lens can be positioned (or configured), relative to an associated pixel located opposite, to focus or diverge the incident light on at least one of the sub-pixels of said associated pixel so as to modify the contribution of the respective color of at least one sub-pixel of the associated pixel, in a region of the color image corresponding to said pixel, with respect to the respective color contribution of each other sub-pixel of said associated pixel.
- each lens array allows color shades to be created so as to form a unique color image specific to each array and distinct from the pixel pattern.
- the invention also relates to a corresponding method for producing (or generating) a color image.
- Figure 1 schematically shows a device 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- the device 2 is a document comprising an identity image 6 formed in or on a device body (or substrate) 4.
- the document 2 takes the form of a card although other embodiments are possible.
- the color image 6 represents in this example a face 8 surrounded by an image background 6 which is monochrome, white or pale blue, for example.
- Figure 2 is a sectional view schematically showing the color image 6 formed in the document 2 shown in Figure 1, according to a particular embodiment. More particularly, the document 2 comprises a substrate 12 in or on which is disposed a network (or arrangement) of LN lenses.
- the substrate 12 is here transparent in order to let at least part of the incident light pass through the lenses LN so as to reach the color pixels 20.
- the pixels 20, and more particularly their sub-pixels 22, comprise in this example a surface reflective 23 located below the sub-pixels to reflect (at least partially) the incident light received through the lens array LN.
- This reflecting surface is for example a white surface.
- the LN lens array is arranged facing the set of pixels 20 so as to generate the color image 6 (FIG. 1) by focusing or diverging an incident light through the lenses LN on at least a part of the sub-pixels 22.
- the lenses can be configured in different ways and, in particular, can be convergent and / or divergent depending on the particular case. In the example under consideration, the lenses LN converge to converge the incident light on at least one of the subpixels 22 of the associated pixels 20 facing each other.
- each lens LN is positioned, relative to a pixel 20 facing said "associated" pixel, to focus or diverge the incident light on at least one of the sub-pixels 22 of the associated pixel 20 so as to modify the contribution of the respective colors of the subpixels 22 of the associated pixel 20, in a region of the corresponding color image 6 (i.e., generated through this lens LN), with respect to the pattern intrinsically formed by the associated pixel 20 independently of said LN lens.
- the lenses LN are configured so as to converge or diverge the incident light on certain sub-pixels 22 so as to reveal (reveal) the image color 6, from the set of pixels 20, giving priority to the color contribution of certain sub-pixels relative to others.
- LN lenses thus make it possible to create color shades so as to form a color image 6 by the optical interaction between the LN lens array and the set of pixels 20.
- the color image 6 is thus formed by the combination of LN lens array and the set of pixels 20 located vis-à-vis.
- the set of pixels 20 is only a blank arrangement of color pixels to the extent that this set is devoid of the information characterizing the color image 6.
- the lenses can guide the incident light to change the color contribution of some subpixels 22 to other subpixels in the final color image 6 is described in more detail later.
- the lenses LN shape, positioning, etc.
- it is possible to configure the lenses LN shape, positioning, etc. so as to select certain colors from among the different colors present in the set of pixels 20.
- opacifying elements black or dark, for example
- the LN lenses arranged opposite the set of pixels 20 may have various shapes, sizes and configurations (magnification, converging or diverging power ). Depending on the particular case, LN lenses may for example be spheroidal or cylindrical, for example.
- each pixel of the set of pixels 20 may form an identical pattern of subpixels 22 of color.
- the set of pixels consists of a single subpixel pattern which repeats one plurality of times. This arrangement of subpixels is said to be "virgin” in the sense that it does not intrinsically form (that is to say without the addition of LN lenses and / or opacifying elements) the color image 6.
- each pixel 20 has an identical pattern of subpixels 22 in the same orientation through the set of pixels 20. It is thus possible to distribute in an identical manner the color sub-pixels in the set pixels (as illustrated for example in Figure 3A), which facilitates the formation of the lenses to the extent that the same frame (or the same layout) is used in each pixel.
- each pixel 20 has an identical pattern of sub-pixels 22, variations of orientation of this pattern being however made between certain pixels relative to each other, through the set of pixels 20. Otherwise said, the same pattern of sub-pixels 22 of color is then found in all the pixels 20 of said set but according to at least two different orientations (for example by applying rotations of 90 ° and / or 180 ° on the same pattern which is repeats through the set of pixels 20).
- FIG. 3C thus illustrates an example in which the same pattern of color sub-pixels 22a-22d is found in two different orientations (rotation of 180 °) in the set of pixels 20.
- This variant thus makes it possible to form a blank set color subpixels providing the flexibility necessary to generate any image through the lenses LN, while allowing to incorporate the same pattern in variable orientations to form for example a signature or a secure element, specific to each color image which is difficult to reproduce and easily detectable in case of fraud.
- the set of pixels 20 may be configured so that the sub-pixels are uniformly distributed on or in the substrate 12.
- the set of pixels may form a regular or periodic arrangement of pixels 22, forming sub-patterns. -pixels identical or not depending on the case.
- the set of pixels 20 may form a matrix of pixels consisting of rows and columns of sub-pixels 22. These rows and columns may be rectilinear and optionally orthogonal to each other.
- each pixel 20 forms a pattern composing a subpixel arrangement 22 of at least two different colors, the probability density of the presence of each subpixel color being constant in the pixels 20 of the pixel arrangement.
- the surface proportion of each color formed by one or more subpixels
- the set of pixels By way of example, the following densities can be found in each pixel: 30% yellow, 20% magenta, 40% cyan and 10% white).
- each pixel 20 can thus have an identical pattern of subpixels 22 of color in the same orientation across the pixel array 20 or, optionally, in an orientation that varies in the pixel array 20 (according to random variations or according to regular or other variations).
- a random arrangement of pixels 20 is possible.
- the desired color (s) can be selected using the LN lenses even if the corresponding subpixels are not exactly at their desired color. theoretical coordinates supposed.
- each pixel of the set of pixels is configured such that each of the subpixels 22 has a unique color in said pixel 20.
- a pixel 20 may thus be composed of a plurality of subpixels 22 , all of distinct color.
- each pixel 20 comprises sub-pixels 22 in the primary colors red / green / blue (RGB), possibly with white, or in primary colors yellow / magenta / cyan, possibly with white.
- RGB red / green / blue
- a white area may optionally be provided in the pixel array 22 between subpixel rows and columns 22 to avoid color overlap.
- Fig. 3A is a top view showing a set of pixels 20 according to a particular embodiment.
- the tiling forms an array of rows and columns of pixels, orthogonal to each other.
- Each pixel 20, of square shape forms a pattern composed of 4 sub-pixels 22, denoted 22a to 22d, also of square shape.
- the subpixels 22 all have a unique color in the pixel 20 considered.
- the pixels 20 are uniformly distributed so that the same subpixel pattern 22 repeats periodically in a region of the substrate 12.
- Fig. 3B is a top view showing another example of regular paving in which each pixel 20 is composed of 3 subpixels 22, denoted 22a to 22c, each of a distinct color.
- the sub-pixels 22 are here hexagonal.
- Fig. 3C is a top view showing another example of regular paving in which each pixel 20 is composed of 4 subpixels 22, denoted 22a to 22d, each of a distinct color.
- the sub-pixels 22 are here of triangular shape.
- FIG. 3D is a top view showing another example of regular paving in which each pixel 20 is composed of 4 subpixels 22, denoted 22a to 22d, each of a distinct color.
- the sub-pixels 22 are here of rectangular shape and are arranged in line, that is to say arranged parallel to each other to form rectilinear columns of sub-pixels.
- FIGS. 1, 2 and 3A-3D Examples of particular implementation of the device 2 described above with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3A-3D are now described below. More particularly, a first particular implementation of document 2 (FIG. 1) is described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 8.
- the device 2 comprises in this example a substrate 12 in which is disposed a set of pixels 20, each pixel comprising a plurality of sub-pixels 22.
- a lens array denoted here LN1 is arranged opposite the set of pixels 20 from so as to generate the color image 6 (FIG. 1) by focusing an incident light 30 on certain sub-pixels 22.
- the substrate 12 comprises in this example a transparent top layer 12a disposed on a white lower layer 12b.
- the set of pixels 20 is printed on the upper face of the lower layer 12b or on the lower face of the upper layer 12a, so as to be at the interface between the layers 12a and 12b, inside the substrate According to one variant, the set of pixels 20 is printed on the upper face of the substrate 12.
- each pixel 20 forms a pattern having an arrangement of subpixels 22 of at least two different colors.
- the sub-pixels 22 may be made according to any color printing technique that the skilled person can choose according to the particular case.
- the set of pixels used in this example is described later with reference to FIG.
- lenses LN1 are formed in a layer 14 having surface deformations defining the lenses.
- This layer 14 covers the substrate 12, the layer 14 and the substrate 12 being for example laminated together.
- the layer 14 may be for example silica glass or polycarbonate, or any transparent material of a density different from that of the air so that there is refraction of light and thus lens effect.
- the LN1 lens array is formed directly in the substrate 12 which then comprises surface deformations defining the lenses, no additional layer 14 being then necessary.
- the lenses LN1 here are of cylindrical shape and extending parallel to each other.
- the lenses LN1 are in this example convergent lenses.
- the array (or arrangement) of LN1 lenses is arranged facing the set of pixels 20 so as to generate the color image 6 by focusing an incident light 30 through the lenses on at least a portion of the sub-pixels 22.
- Each lens LN1 is positioned, relative to an associated pixel 20 facing each other, to focus the incident light 30 on at least one of the sub-pixels 22 of the associated pixel 20 so as to modify (or modulate ) the contribution of the respective colors of the subpixels 22 of the associated pixel 20, in a region of the color image 6 generated through said lens LN1, with respect to the pattern inherently formed by the associated pixel 20 independently of said lens LN1.
- the substrate 12 and the layer 14 are transparent so as to let the incident light pass at least partially through the lenses LN1 until reaching the color pixels 20.
- the pixels 20, and more particularly their sub-pixels 22 in this example, comprise a reflective surface 23, located under the sub-pixels, for reflecting (at least partially) the incident light 30 received through the LN1 lens array.
- the layers 12 and 14 are for example polycarbonate.
- the reflective layer 23 may be a white surface beneath the pixels.
- each LN1 lens has an incidence surface (or lens surface) SI, adapted to receive incident light 30, and further defines, on the surface of the pixel array 20, a useful surface area S2 on which the LN1 lens converges (guides) the incident light 30.
- Each LN1 lens is positioned opposite a pixel 20 associated thereto, the lens LN1 being arranged so that its useful surface S2 is positioned on at least a portion of one or more of the sub-pixels 22 of the associated pixel.
- the LN1 lenses thus focus the incident light 30 received so as to enhance the color contribution of at least one sub-pixel 22 of the associated pixel 20, in the corresponding region of the color image generated through said lens, relative to the respective color contribution of each other sub-pixel 22 of the associated pixel. This modulation of the colorimetric contributions of the sub-pixels is described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 6, 7 and 8.
- the set of pixels 20 used in the example considered here is illustrated in FIG. 6.
- the pixels 20 are rectangular and composed of 4 sub-pixels 22a-22d themselves of rectangular shape.
- Each sub-pixel 22a-22d of the same pixel 20 has a unique color denoted respectively CLa-CLd.
- the sub-pixels 22 are uniformly distributed so that the colors CLa to CLd repeat periodically in the substrate 12.
- This rectangular configuration has the advantage of being relatively simple to achieve by color printing.
- thin white lines for example less than 30 ⁇ m wide, are formed between the different color sub-pixels CLa, CLb, CLc and CLd.
- one of the colors CLa, CLb, CLc and CLd is white.
- Figure 7 shows in dotted line the useful area S2 defined by each lens LN1 on an associated pixel 20.
- the outline of the useful surfaces S2 corresponds to the sub-pixels 22c of color CLc.
- the useful surface S2 is smaller than the corresponding sub-pixel so that the observed color does not vary when the observer looks at the surface of the lenses with a not exactly perpendicular angle (oblique observation).
- FIG. 7 further represents, in superposition, the contour of the incidence surfaces (or lens surfaces) S 1 defining the location of the lenses LN 1 located opposite the pixels 20.
- each lens LN 1 is positioned in correspondence with the subpixels 22b, 22c and 22d of the associated pixel 20 and further covers a portion of the sub-pixel 22a of the associated pixel 20 (and a portion of the sub-pixel 22a of a neighboring pixel).
- each lens LN1 focuses the incident light 30 received (FIG. 4) on the sub-pixel 22c of the associated pixel 20, which has the effect of greatly accentuating the color contribution of the sub-pixel 22c in the corresponding region of the color image 6 (FIG. 1) generated through said LN1 lens, with respect to the respective color contribution of each other sub-pixel 22a, 22b and 22d of the associated pixel.
- FIG. 8 represents the visual rendering, in regions R1 and R2, of the color image 6 observable by an observer OB (FIG. 4). As shown, the regions R1 and R2 are observable in the single color CLc due to the focusing of the incident light 30 by the lenses LN1 on the subpixels 22c.
- the lenses LN1 make it possible to select certain colors so as to form the final color image 6 by the interaction between the lens array LN1 and the set of pixels 20.
- the color image 6 is formed by the combination of the LN1 lens array and the set of pixels 20 facing each other. Without the addition of the lenses LN1 to judiciously orient the incident light, the set of pixels 20 constitutes only one blank arrangement of color pixels since this set is devoid of the information characterizing the color image 6. It is the LN1 lens array that is configured, according to the chosen subpixel arrangement 22, to customize the visual appearance of the pixels 20 and thereby generate the final color image 6.
- the LN1 lenses each converge the incident light 30 to a single sub-pixel 22c of the same color CLc predetermined in the associated pixel 20, so as to show as color only the color CLc in a monochrome region (for example the background image 10) of the color image 6 (FIG. 1).
- the smallest dimension of the LN1 lenses is less than or equal to 350 ⁇ 10 6 m, ie 350 ⁇ m.
- the smallest dimension of the lenses corresponds to the smallest side of the rectangle formed by the intersection of the cylinder portion of the lens with the plane on which she rests.
- the arrangement of pixels 20 in the document 2 shown in FIGS. 4 to 8 is such that the initial color contribution of a sub-pixel 22 in its pixel 20 (i.e. intrinsic color of this sub-pixel 22, regardless of the lenses) is 25% and its contribution in the corresponding region (corresponding to the incident surface of the associated lens) of the final color image 6 is 100% .
- the invention therefore advantageously makes it possible to generate a highly saturated color zone in the desired CLc color or even desaturated in the particular case where the target sub-pixel is white.
- Each lens LN1 masks the colors CLa, CLb, CLd from the other subpixels 22a, 22b and 22d of the associated pixel 20 in the corresponding region (R1 and R2) of the color image 10 generated through the lens.
- This masking is preferentially visible when the map is not inclined relative to the observer OB, that is to say, when one places oneself in a normal observation at the plane in which the pixels extend. The observation may not be constrained to an exact normality if the convergence of the lenses makes it possible to have a smaller useful surface centered on the subpixel concerned.
- the invention thus makes it possible to form monochrome image areas of good quality, while ensuring a high level of complexity ensuring the security of the image vis-à-vis screw fraud.
- the invention makes it possible, for example, to produce a highly saturated or desaturated background image 10 (FIG. 1) in a given color, such as white, for example.
- the configuration of the lenses is adapted only to the set of pixels 20 that has been printed and is therefore frozen in the image.
- this level of complexity and security of the image achieved through the invention is not detrimental to the quality of the visual rendering of the image. This does not prevent in particular the formation of color images comprising areas requiring significant contrast as in the case of a face vis-à-vis a background image.
- the invention makes it possible to form quality color images from a large gamut of color.
- the lenses LN1 it is possible to configure the lenses LN1 so that they each focus the incident light 30 on a single sub-pixel 22 of the associated pixel 20, these sub-pixels 22 not being necessarily always of the same color. Various color combinations are thus possible.
- the lenses LN1 each focus the incident light on a single sub-pixel 22 of an associated pixel 20 facing each other.
- the lenses focus the incident light on at least two sub-pixels of the same pixel, as described below.
- FIGS. 9 to 13 A second particular implementation of the device 2, as described above with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3A-3D, is now described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 13.
- the device 2 here comprises a substrate 12 in which is disposed a set of pixels, denoted 40, each pixel comprising a plurality of sub-pixels denoted here 42.
- a lens array, denoted here LN2 is disposed opposite the set of pixels 40 so as to generate the color image 6 (FIG. 1) by focusing an incident light 30 on some of the sub-pixels 42.
- the substrate 12 comprises an upper layer 12a disposed on a lower layer 12b, identical to the embodiment of FIGS. 4- 5.
- the set of pixels 40 is printed on the upper face of the lower layer 12b or on the lower face of the upper layer 12a, so as to be at the interface between the layers 12a and 12b, inside the substrate 12.
- the set of pixels 40 is printed on the upper face of the substrate 12.
- each pixel 40 forms a pattern comprising an arrangement of sub-pixels 22 of at least two different colors.
- the sub-pixels 22 may be made according to any color printing technique that the skilled person can choose according to the particular case.
- the set of pixels used in this example is described later with reference to FIG. 11.
- lenses LN2 are formed in a layer 14 having surface deformations defining the lenses, in a manner identical to the embodiment of FIGS. 4-5.
- This layer 14 covers the substrate 12, the layer 14 and the substrate 12 being for example laminated together.
- the layer 14 may be made of silica glass, polycarbonate or any other transparent material.
- the LN2 lens array is formed directly in the substrate 12, which then comprises surface deformations defining the lenses, no additional layer 14 being then necessary.
- the lenses LN2 here are of spheroidal shape and together form a lens matrix LN2, composed for example of rows and orthogonal columns. It is however possible to arrange LN2 lenses in a non-orthogonal arrangement, or even non-uniformly, depending on the visual effect that is sought.
- the LN2 lenses are in this example convergent lenses.
- the array (or arrangement) of lenses LN2 is arranged facing the set of pixels 40 so as to generate the color image 6 by focusing an incident light 30 through the lenses LN2 on at least a portion of the sub-lenses. pixels 42.
- Each LN2 lens is positioned, relative to an associated pixel 40 facing each other, to focus the incident light 30 on at least one of the sub-pixels 22 of the associated pixel 20 so as to modify (or modulate) the contribution of the respective colors of subpixels 22 of the associated pixel 20, in a region of the color image 6 generated through said lens LN2, with respect to the pattern intrinsically formed by the associated pixel 40 independently of said LN2 lens (ie without taking into account the modulation effect of said lens).
- each lens LN2 is positioned (or configured), relative to an associated pixel 40 located opposite, to focus the incident light 30 on at least one of the sub-pixels 22 of the associated pixel 20 so to modify (or modulate) the contribution of the respective color of at least one subpixel 22 of the associated pixel 20, in a corresponding region of the color image 6 generated through said lens LN2, with respect to the respective color contribution of each other subpixel 22 of said associated pixel.
- each lens can be uniquely shifted with respect to the position of the pixels 20 according to the perfectly regular organization presented by way of example in FIG.
- the substrate 12 and the layer 14 are transparent in order to allow at least part of the incident light 30 to pass through the lenses LN2 until reaching the color pixels 40.
- the pixels 40, and more particularly their sub-pixels 42 comprise in this example a reflective surface 23, positioned beneath the sub-pixels 42, to reflect (at least partially) the incident light 30 received through the LN2 lens array.
- the layers 12 and 14 are for example polycarbonate.
- each lens LN2 has an incidence surface SI, able to receive an incident light 30, and further defines, on the surface of the set of pixels 40, a useful surface S2 on which the lens LN2 converges the incident light 30.
- Each lens LN2 is positioned opposite a pixel 40 associated therewith, the lens LIM2 being arranged so that its useful surface S2 is positioned on at least a portion of two subpixels 42 of the associated pixel 40.
- the lenses LN2 thus focus incident light 30 received so as to accentuate the color contribution of at least two subpixels 42 of the associated pixel 20, in the corresponding region of the color image generated through said lens, relative to the respective color contribution of each other subpixel 42 of the associated pixel 40. This modulation of the colorimetric contributions of the sub-pixels is described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12.
- the set of pixels 40 used in the example considered here is illustrated in FIG. 11.
- the pixels 40 are here composed of 4 subpixels 42a-42d of hexagonal shape.
- Each sub-pixel 42a-42d of the same pixel 40 has a unique color denoted respectively CLa-CLd in the pixel in question.
- the sub-pixels 42 are uniformly distributed so that the colors CLa to CLd repeat periodically in the substrate 12. This hexagonal configuration offers great flexibility in the range colors that can be produced.
- Other exemplary embodiments are possible with only 3 subpixels 42 of distinct color in each pixel 40 (see, for example, the variation shown in FIG. 3B).
- FIG. 11 represents in dashed lines the useful area S2 defined by each lens LN2 on an associated pixel 40.
- the useful area S2 of each lens LN2 defines a zone straddling two sub-pixels 42 of the associated pixel 40 situated opposite. According to other variants, it is possible to configure lenses so that it focuses the incident light on 3 or more subpixels.
- the incidence surfaces SI define in particular the location of the lenses LN2 located opposite the pixels 40. These incidence surfaces SI are dependent on the shape, the position, and more generally the configuration of the lenses LN2.
- each LN2 lens is positioned in correspondence with a portion of certain sub-pixels 42 of an associated pixel 40 and may, if appropriate, also cover a portion of one or more neighboring pixels 40.
- each lens LN2 focuses the incident light 30 received (FIG. 9) on two sub-pixels 42 of the associated pixel 40, which has the effect of greatly accentuating the color contribution of these sub-pixels, in the corresponding region of the color image 6 (FIG. 1), corresponding to the incident surface S11, S12, generated through said lens LN2, with respect to the respective color contribution of each other sub-pixel 42 of the pixel 20 associate.
- the area defined by the useful area S21 is such that the colors CLc and CLd of the respective sub-pixels 42c and 42d are accentuated with respect to the colors of the other sub-pixels 42 of the pixel 40 considered.
- the area defined by the effective area S22 is such that the colors CLa and CLb of the respective sub-pixels 42a and 42b are accentuated with respect to the colors of the other sub-pixels 42 of the pixel 40 in question.
- FIG. 12 represents the visual rendering, in regions R1 and R2, of the color image 6 observable by an observer OB (FIG. 9).
- the regions R1 and R2, respectively corresponding to the incidence surfaces SU and S12 of two lenses LN2, are observable in hybrid colors CH and CL2 obtained by color mixtures coming from the sub-pixels on which the incident light 30 is focused.
- the region RI has the hybrid color CL1 resulting from an addition of the weighted contributions of the colors CLc and CLd of sub-pixels 42c and 42d.
- the region R2 has the hybrid color CL2 resulting from an addition of the weighted contributions of the colors CLa and CLb of sub-pixels 42a and 42b.
- the LN2 lenses make it possible to generate complex colors from the colors of the subpixels located opposite the lenses. It is possible to generate a hybrid color from 2, 3 or 4 distinct sub-pixels for example, according to the tiling used.
- the color image 6 is formed by the combination of the LN2 lens array and the set of pixels 40 facing each other. Without the addition of LN2 lenses to judiciously orient the incident light, the set of pixels 40 is only a blank arrangement of color pixels to the extent that this set is devoid of the information characterizing the color image 6. It is the LN2 lens array that is configured, according to the chosen subpixel arrangement 42, to customize the visual appearance of the pixels 40 and thereby generate the final color image 6.
- FIG. 13 represents an observer OB observing from a point I an image portion projected onto an LN2 lens.
- the smallest dimension D of the LN2 lenses is such that:
- alim corresponds to the maximum limit angle of observation beyond which the human eye can discern two distinct colors
- L is the distance between the observation point I and the image. It should be noted that the smallest dimension of D lies in a plane in which the lens LN2 considered extends.
- the smallest dimension D of the LN2 lenses is less than 150 ⁇ 10 6 m, ie 150 ⁇ m.
- the smallest dimension D corresponds to the diameter of the circle formed by the intersection of the sphere portion of the lens with the plane on which it rests.
- the lenses used are convergent, although other embodiments are possible.
- the LN lens array may comprise at least one diverging lens configured to diverge incident light received by the lens so as to reduce the color contribution of at least one subpixel. 22 of the associated pixel 20, in the corresponding region of the color image 6 generated through said lens, with respect to the respective color contribution of each other sub-pixel 22 of said associated pixel.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the document 2 according to a variant of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
- the document 2 differs from the implementation of FIG. 2 in that the lenses, here denoted LN3, are divergent so they do diverging the incident light on the sub-pixels 22 located in correspondence. It is thus possible to position the diverging lenses LI ⁇ I3 in correspondence with certain sub-pixels 22 so as to reduce the color contribution of these sub-pixels in the regions of the color image 6 generated through these lenses.
- S21 and S22 define the incident lens surfaces LN3 diverging, and S11 and S22 define the useful surfaces of these lenses can be considered.
- FIG. 15 shows a particular embodiment which differs from the embodiment of FIG. 2 in that the document 2 further comprises opaque (or opacifying) or non-reflecting zones (or volumes) 60 which may be dark, gray or black for example, located next to certain sub-pixels 22 so as to create gray levels in the final color image 6.
- the substrate 12 comprises for example a lasérisable transparent layer 65 (corresponding for example to the layer 12a shown in Figures 4 and 9).
- lasérisable layer is understood to mean a layer sensitive to laser radiation.
- the lasérisable transparent layer 65 is arranged facing the set of pixels 20, this laserizable transparent layer being at least partially carbonized by a laser radiation LR1 so as to include regions 60 opacified locally opposite sub-pixels 20 to produce grayscale (or contrast) in the color image 6 generated through the LN lenses.
- the opaque regions 60 partially or totally mask some of the subpixels 22 (a subset of the subpixels 22) thus forming the gray levels of the color image 6. These opaque regions may also partially or completely mask the lenses, thus making it possible to modulate, that is to say, vary, the brightness of composite colors created by the alignment of the lenses and the sub-pixels.
- the opaque zones 60 are formed so as to cover the whole of a corresponding sub-pixel 22, although other embodiments are possible where, for example, at least some of these opaque areas 60 only cover a portion of the corresponding sub-pixel 22. It is thus possible to very precisely adjust the gray levels in the image 6 ( Figure 1).
- one or more opaque regions 60 are configured to partially (or totally) mask a respective area of the visible pixel array 20 through an associated LN lens facing each other.
- the set of opaque regions 60 may form a general pattern such as an inscription (characters or symbols for example, such as a name or other) or an image. This general pattern is then visible through LN lenses.
- the invention also relates to a method for generating (or forming) a color image according to the principle of the invention.
- This generation method may be configured to produce a device (or document) according to any of the embodiments described herein.
- the method comprises the following steps:
- step E2 printing (step E2) a set of pixels 20 on or in the substrate 12, each pixel 20 forming a pattern having a subpixel arrangement 22 of at least two different colors;
- step E4 formation (step E4) of a lens array LN arranged facing the set of pixels 20 so as to generate the color image 6 (FIG. 1) by focusing or divergence of an incident light through the lenses on at At least a portion of the sub-pixels 22.
- the lenses LN are convergent, so that they focus the incident light on the sub-pixels 22.
- the formation step E4 is such that each lens LN is positioned, relative to an associated pixel 20 facing each other, to focus (or, alternatively, to diverge) light incident on at least one of the sub-pixels 22 of said associated pixel 20 so as to modify the contribution of the respective colors of the sub-pixels of the associated pixel, in a region of the color image 6 generated through said lens, with respect to the pattern formed intrinsically by the pixel Associated independently of said lens 20.
- the LN lens forming step E4 comprises: providing a first transparent layer;
- a projection of transparent material is made on the first transparent layer using a 3D printer head so as to form lenses on the surface of the first transparent layer.
- This first transparent layer may correspond for example to the layer 14 shown in FIGS. 4 and 9, or to the substrate 12 itself in the case where the lenses LN are formed directly in the substrate.
- a C0 2 laser radiation can be used to create the surface deformations necessary to form the LN lens array.
- each lens LN (FIG. 2) is positioned relative to the associated pixel 20 independently of the positioning of the other lenses LN of the lens array. This positioning is for example carried out using a camera capable of identifying, for each lens, the position adapted vis-à-vis the associated pixel 20.
- the method may further include a step E5 of forming opaque areas 60 to create gray levels in the final image, as already explained with reference to FIG.
- the method may further comprise, prior to the training step E4, a calculation step E6 if at least one of the LN lenses has to be configured to focus the incident light on at least two sub-pixels. , as shown for example in Figures 11 and 12, to create a hybrid color.
- the respective weights are determined. respective weight constituting a hybrid color that is desired to obtain and from these weights the positioning of the corresponding LN lens (and in particular the position of its useful surface) by relative to the subpixels of the associated pixel.
- At least one lens LN, called the first lens, of the lens array is a convergent lens configured to focus incident light received on at least two subpixels 42 of the associated pixel 40 (FIGS. so as to display in a corresponding region R1, R2 of the color image 6 a hybrid color CL1, CL2 resulting from a combination of the colors of said at least two sub-pixels, wherein said first lens LN is formed so that it has, in its smallest dimension, a smaller maximum dimension of 150 ⁇ m.
- the generation method then comprises a determination (E6) of respective weights assigned to each of said at least two sub-pixels 42, these weights representing respective contributions of each sub-pixel 42 in the color combination producing the hybrid color; the first lens being positioned relative to the associated pixel 40 in accordance with said respective weights assigned to said at least two sub pixels 42.
- the method may furthermore comprise a step E5 for forming opaque zones 60 to create gray levels in the final image, as already explained with reference to FIG.
- FIGS. 16 and 17 The order in which the steps are carried out in FIGS. 16 and 17 can be adapted according to the particular case.
- each lens of the document of the invention is associated with a single pixel.
- the image 6 (FIG. 1) is thus formed by n pair (s) lens / associated pixel, n being an integer greater than or equal to 1.
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1852273A FR3079052A1 (fr) | 2018-03-16 | 2018-03-16 | Document apte a generer une image couleur |
PCT/FR2019/050569 WO2019175514A1 (fr) | 2018-03-16 | 2019-03-14 | Document apte a generer une image couleur |
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EP3765307A1 true EP3765307A1 (fr) | 2021-01-20 |
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EP19717539.1A Pending EP3765307A1 (fr) | 2018-03-16 | 2019-03-14 | Document apte a generer une image couleur |
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EP (1) | EP3765307A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2021518282A (fr) |
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AU (1) | AU2019235502A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3079052A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019175514A1 (fr) |
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FR3105090B1 (fr) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-01-07 | Idemia France | Procédé de fabrication d’un dispositif de sécurité à variabilité optique et dispositif de sécurité associé |
WO2022080910A1 (fr) | 2020-10-14 | 2022-04-21 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | Électrode négative pour batterie secondaire, et batterie secondaire comprenant celle-ci |
FR3130689B1 (fr) | 2021-12-17 | 2024-01-19 | Idemia France | Dispositif de sécurité utilisable pour générer une image projetée agrandie utilisant des microlentilles et une couche de métal perforée |
FR3140012A1 (fr) | 2022-09-28 | 2024-03-29 | Idemia France | Document de sécurité comprenant une couche opaque d’apparence blanche perforée au-dessus d’une matrice de sous-pixels colorés |
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JP2000298319A (ja) * | 1999-04-15 | 2000-10-24 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 絵柄が変化して見える磁気カード |
ES2854709T3 (es) * | 2003-11-21 | 2021-09-22 | Visual Physics Llc | Sistema de presentación de imágenes y de seguridad micro-óptico |
US8867134B2 (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2014-10-21 | Visual Physics, Llc | Optical system demonstrating improved resistance to optically degrading external effects |
EP1747099B2 (fr) * | 2004-04-30 | 2017-09-20 | De La Rue International Limited | Reseaux de microlentilles et de micro-images sur des substrats de securite transparents |
RU2432262C1 (ru) * | 2007-09-03 | 2011-10-27 | Нэшнл Принтинг Бюро, Инкорпорейтед Эдминистрейтив Эдженси | Печатный документ с защитой от подделки |
JP2009113392A (ja) * | 2007-11-08 | 2009-05-28 | National Printing Bureau | 潜像表示媒体 |
JP5099638B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-25 | 2012-12-19 | 独立行政法人 国立印刷局 | 真偽判別印刷物 |
FR2972136B1 (fr) * | 2011-03-01 | 2013-03-15 | Jean Pierre Lazzari | Procede de realisation d'image couleur laser observable en trois dimensions et document sur lequel une image laser couleur observable en trois dimensions est realisee |
DE102012021724A1 (de) * | 2012-11-06 | 2014-05-08 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Sicherheitselement mit Linsenrasterbild |
DE102014104321A1 (de) * | 2014-03-27 | 2015-10-01 | Leonhard Kurz Stiftung & Co. Kg | Formkörper und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
AU2014395153B2 (en) * | 2014-05-20 | 2019-11-14 | Lumenco, Llc | Slant lens interlacing with linearly arranged lenses |
FR3030851B1 (fr) * | 2014-12-17 | 2021-12-03 | Oberthur Technologies | Dispositif de securite a reseau lenticulaire comprenant plusieurs motifs couleur graves |
NL2014690B1 (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2017-01-18 | Morpho Bv | Security document and method of manufacturing. |
CN107219570A (zh) * | 2016-03-22 | 2017-09-29 | 昇印光电(昆山)股份有限公司 | 光学成像薄膜及其制备方法 |
GB2553104B (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2019-12-11 | De La Rue Int Ltd | Image arrays for optical devices and methods of manufacture therof |
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2018
- 2018-03-16 FR FR1852273A patent/FR3079052A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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2019
- 2019-03-14 KR KR1020207029832A patent/KR20200132967A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2019-03-14 WO PCT/FR2019/050569 patent/WO2019175514A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2019-03-14 EP EP19717539.1A patent/EP3765307A1/fr active Pending
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WO2019175514A1 (fr) | 2019-09-19 |
US20210016593A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
AU2019235502A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
JP2021518282A (ja) | 2021-08-02 |
FR3079052A1 (fr) | 2019-09-20 |
KR20200132967A (ko) | 2020-11-25 |
US11007811B2 (en) | 2021-05-18 |
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