EP3760924A1 - Schalldämmvorrichtung für ein rauchgasabzugsrohr einer raucherzeugenden vorrichtung - Google Patents

Schalldämmvorrichtung für ein rauchgasabzugsrohr einer raucherzeugenden vorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3760924A1
EP3760924A1 EP20183656.6A EP20183656A EP3760924A1 EP 3760924 A1 EP3760924 A1 EP 3760924A1 EP 20183656 A EP20183656 A EP 20183656A EP 3760924 A1 EP3760924 A1 EP 3760924A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
upstream
downstream
central tube
section
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20183656.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3760924B1 (de
Inventor
Benjamin Laurent
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Poujoulat SA
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Poujoulat SA
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Publication of EP3760924A1 publication Critical patent/EP3760924A1/de
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Publication of EP3760924B1 publication Critical patent/EP3760924B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J13/00—Fittings for chimneys or flues 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
    • F01N1/04—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance having sound-absorbing materials in resonance chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M20/00—Details of combustion chambers, not otherwise provided for, e.g. means for storing heat from flames
    • F23M20/005—Noise absorbing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/161—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general in systems with fluid flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/02—Tubes being perforated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/13003—Means for reducing the noise in smoke conducing ducts or systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of noise attenuating devices (also called “silencers”) for smoke discharge ducts equipping a smoke-producing device, such as a generator engine, a boiler, or the like.
  • noise attenuating devices also called “silencers”
  • certain devices which produce fumes such as generator motors, boilers or others, can generate noise, in particular due to the motorization, the burner and / or the fan which equips them, this noise propagating in the associated conduits or casings, in particular in the smoke evacuation conduits.
  • the sound level of this noise is sometimes important; it is specific to each installation and is characterized by an amplitude and a frequency range (between a few tens and a few thousand Hertz).
  • noise attenuating devices also called silencers, placed on the smoke evacuation duct, between an upstream section and a downstream section of the latter.
  • noise attenuating (or silencing) devices which operate according to a so-called “reactive” principle, consisting in causing sound waves to penetrate into a cavity, in a manner suitable for changing their frequency.
  • absorptive type silencers are also known in which an absorptive material (in particular high density mineral fibers) is used to seek to absorb sound waves.
  • absorptive material in particular high density mineral fibers
  • Such devices generally have good efficiency for the absorption of waves at high frequencies (up to 40dB absorption between 1000 and 3000 Hertz), this efficiency being nevertheless reduced in the low frequency range (of the order of a few dB up to 400 - 500 Hertz).
  • the document EP 2 857 748 describes for its part a noise attenuator device using both the “reactive” principle and the “absorptive” principle, so as to seek to benefit from their respective advantages.
  • the corresponding noise attenuator device comprises a central tube which is provided, taking into account the direction of movement of the fumes, with an upstream extension suitable for its connection to an upstream flue section, and a downstream extension suitable for its connection to a section of downstream flue.
  • This central tube has perforations over part of its length and it is surrounded by an outer tube to define between them an acoustic absorption chamber, which outer tube is connected to said central tube, always taking into account the direction of movement of the fumes. , by an upstream end wall and by a downstream end wall, which delimit the length of said sound absorption chamber.
  • This acoustic absorption chamber is partially filled, here in its upstream part, by an acoustic absorptive material which fills its thickness between the central tube and the outer tube.
  • the perforations of the central tube are provided on an upstream section arranged facing the sound-absorbing material and also facing a part of the sound-absorption chamber devoid of said sound-absorbing material.
  • a noise attenuator device is thus obtained, the absorptive part of which is located upstream, followed by the reactive part located downstream.
  • the present invention proposes a noise attenuator device for a smoke evacuation duct fitted to a smoke producing device (such as a generator engine, a boiler or other), which noise attenuating device comprises a central tube provided, taking into account the direction of movement of the fumes, with an upstream extension suitable for its connection to a section of upstream flue, and a downstream extension suitable for its connection to a section of downstream flue, which central tube has perforations and is surrounded by an outer tube to define between them an acoustic absorption chamber, which outer tube is connected to said central tube, always taking into account the direction of movement of the fumes, by an upstream end wall and by a downstream end wall, which delimit the length of said sound absorption chamber, said the acoustic absorption chamber being partially filled with an acoustic absorber material which fills its thickness between the central tube and the outer tube, over part of its length, this noise attenuator device being characterized by
  • the upstream part of this noise attenuator device comprises a cavity having the effect, in particular, of modifying the frequency of the waves, and the downstream part has an action of absorption of the waves, thanks to the acoustic absorptive material, to attenuate the sound level. .
  • the absorptive part is thus located at the outlet of the noise attenuating device, downstream of the reactive part, and it attenuates the regenerated noise and consequently increases the performance of the silencer.
  • the cavity upstream of the acoustic absorption chamber is delimited, on one side, by the edge of the acoustic absorber material, which also provides a sound wave absorption function at this level, helping to improve the efficiency of the device.
  • the figures 1 to 4 illustrate a first embodiment of a noise attenuator device 1 according to the invention, intended to be integrated into the smoke evacuation duct 2 fitted to a smoke producing device 3, for example an engine or a boiler.
  • This noise attenuator device 1 is in particular here arranged to be integrated between an upstream section 2a and a downstream section 2b of the flue pipe 2 ( figure 4 ) to form part of this duct 2 and also to fulfill its function of reducing the noise coming from the device 3.
  • the device 3 is simply shown diagrammatically in dotted lines at the upstream end of the upstream duct section 2a.
  • the orientation arrow 4 shows the upstream / downstream direction of movement of the fumes and sound waves in the duct 2 (and therefore also in the noise attenuating device 1).
  • This upstream / downstream direction is used in the remainder of the description to define certain structural parts of the noise attenuator device 1.
  • the upstream 12 and downstream 13 end walls extend parallel to one another. They each have a planar annular shape centered on the longitudinal axis A, and they define between them the length L of the sound absorption chamber 11.
  • Cylindrical rings, respectively 15 and 16 extend the circular peripheral edge of the upstream 12 and downstream 13 end walls, secured to the latter by welding. These cylindrical rings 15 and 16 extend inwardly, that is to say they are oriented opposite one another.
  • the upstream 7 and downstream 9 extensions consist of cylindrical structures comprising an insulated wall, formed of two concentric tubes which sandwich an insulating material.
  • the upstream extension 7 of the central tube 5 is in the form of a male end which is adapted to cooperate with a female end of the upstream flue pipe section 2a, and its downstream extension 9 is in the form of a female end adapted to cooperate with a male end of the downstream flue section 2b.
  • upstream 7 and downstream 9 extensions extend mainly outward from the end walls 12 and 13, their inner tube 7a, 9a being secured by welding with the edge of the central orifice of said end walls 12 , 13, and their outer tube 7b, 9b being secured by welding against the outer face of said end walls 12, 13.
  • An interior section 7a1, 9a1 of the interior tubes 7a, 9a of the upstream 7 and downstream 9 extensions extends towards the interior of the sound absorption chamber 11. These two interior sections 7a1, 9a1 extend opposite one another. on the other, and they receive by simple fitting the upstream 6 and downstream 8 ends of the central tube 5.
  • the outer tube 10 consists of a cylindrical shell obtained from a curved plate, the two opposite longitudinal edges of which, following the bending, are assembled together by welding, and whose upstream and downstream ends are secured by removable interlocking with the aforementioned cylindrical rings 15 and 16 which extend the circular peripheral edge of the upstream 12 and downstream end walls 13. This interlocking connection is locked by means of assembly collars 17 and 18.
  • the central tube 5, the outer tube 10, the end walls 12 and 13 and the two concentric tubes of the extensions 7 and 9 are made of metallic material, preferably of stainless steel (for example of type 316L) to suitably resist corrosion and condensation.
  • metallic material preferably of stainless steel (for example of type 316L) to suitably resist corrosion and condensation.
  • a metal sheet the thickness of which is of the order of 0.4 to 2 mm.
  • the upstream section 5a and the downstream section 5b of the central tube 5 are juxtaposed and they extend together over the entire length L of the sound absorption chamber 11.
  • the length C of the upstream section 5a of the central tube 5 is preferably between half and 3/4 of the length L, the length D of the downstream section 5b occupying the remainder of this length L.
  • the perforations 20 are adapted in size and number to allow sound waves to penetrate as much as possible into the sound absorption chamber 11, while allowing the central tube 5 to correctly hold the sound absorbing material 14.
  • the perforations 20 of the downstream section 5b of the central tube 5 are made homogeneously over the entire wall surface concerned, and they have a diameter which is preferably between 5 and 20 mm (more preferably between 10 and 15 mm). These perforations occupy 15 to 70% of the wall area of the tube section 5b (preferably 45 to 60% of this wall area).
  • the inner section 9a1 of the inner tube 9a into which the downstream end 8 of the central tube 5 is fitted, has openings or perforations 9a2.
  • These perforations 9a2 of the inner section 9a1 are adapted to limit (or avoid) the blocking of the perforations 20 of the downstream end of the central tube 5 and thus ensure that the corresponding perforated zone extends to the end wall. downstream 13.
  • the acoustic absorption chamber 11 is generally annular in shape with a constant section, and it is delimited by the central tube 5, the outer tube 10, the upstream end wall 12 and the downstream end wall 13.
  • This acoustic absorption chamber 11 comprises here an empty upstream part 11a, devoid of filling material, forming a cylindrical annular cavity, followed by a downstream part 11b which is filled with the acoustic absorptive material 14.
  • the upstream part 11a of the acoustic absorption chamber 11, of length E, extends from the upstream end wall 12 to a plane F perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A, located downstream of the aforementioned intermediate zone 19, separating the non perforated 5a of the perforated zone 5b of the central tube 5, and corresponding to the upstream end edge 14a of the sound absorption material 14.
  • the upstream part 11a in the form of a cavity of the sound absorption chamber 11, of length E therefore comprises - an upstream part 11a ', of length C, which surrounds the full upstream section 5a of the central tube 5, and - a part downstream 11a ", of length G, which surrounds an upstream part 5b1 of the perforated downstream section 5b of the central tube 5.
  • This cavity 11a of the sound absorption chamber 11 is delimited a / by the upstream part of the outer tube 10, b / by the upstream end edge 14a of the sound absorption material 14, c / by the end wall upstream 12, and d / by a part of the central tube 5 (comprising the non-perforated upstream part 5a followed by the perforated upstream part 5b1 of the perforated downstream section 5b of the central tube 5).
  • the length G of this perforated upstream part 5b1 surrounded by the downstream part of the cavity 11a ", between the aforementioned planes B and F, corresponds between 1 / 6th and 1/2 of the length E of the cavity 11a.
  • the sound-absorbing material 14 is in the form of an annular cylinder delimited a / by the upstream end edge 14a, extending in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A and corresponding to the aforementioned plane F located downstream of the intermediate zone 19, b / by an upstream end edge 14b, extending in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A, arranged close to the downstream end wall 13 or resting against the latter, c / by an outer cylindrical surface 14c, in contact with the inner face of the outer tube 10, and, d / by an inner cylindrical surface 14d, in contact with the outer face of the central tube 5.
  • the length of the cylinder made of sound-absorbing material 14, between its upstream end edges 14a and downstream 14b corresponds to the length H of the downstream part 11b of the sound absorption chamber 11, and the whole of this length is opposite a perforated part of the central tube 5.
  • the acoustic absorptive material 14 here consists of high density mineral fibers, for example rock wool, the density of which is between 30 and 140 kg / m 3 , preferably between 60 and 120 kg / m 3 .
  • the length H of the downstream part 11b of the sound absorption chamber 11, filled with the sound absorbing material 14, corresponds between 1/3 and 2/3 of the length L of said chamber 11.
  • the length L of the sound absorption chamber 11 may be between 700 and 1000 mm, and its thickness between 100 and 150 mm; the diameter of the central tube 5 may, for its part, be between 130 and 600 mm.
  • the cylinder of sound-absorbing material 14 is preferably produced by means of two complementary half-shells 141, 142, each semi-cylindrical, as illustrated on the figure. figure 2 . This feature makes it easier to assemble and replace the acoustic absorber material in the event of degradation or clogging.
  • This cylinder 14 of sound-absorbing material can be protected by a fiberglass fabric provided on the internal face of the sound-absorbing material 14, pressed against the central tube 5.
  • the acoustic absorptive material 14 is held in position at its upstream end edge 14a by small retaining tabs 22 which extend in the plane F, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A.
  • These retaining lugs 22 are advantageously obtained in the material of the central tube 5 by suitable cutting and bending at a square. They can also be attached and fixed by welding.
  • the noise attenuating device 1 comprises a drain system 23 adapted to ensure the evacuation of the condensates.
  • This purge system 23 is formed by a purge orifice associated with a removable sealing plug, and it is fitted near the upstream extension 7 of the male type, here on the outer tube 10 next to the upstream end wall 12 .
  • this purge system 23 can be positioned on the upstream end wall 12.
  • the condensate can also be evacuated by means of a suitable orifice (not shown), passing through the upstream end 6 of the central tube 5, as well as the inner section 7a1 of the inner tube 7a.
  • Such a noise attenuating device structure makes it possible to effectively absorb the sound waves emitted by the device 3, and which propagate in the smoke exhaust duct 2.
  • Such a device makes it possible to trap the sound waves by the acoustic absorptive material 14, and also by the cavity 11a, this effectively over a wide range of wave frequencies.
  • the positioning of the acoustic absorptive material 14 downstream of the cavity 11a also makes it possible to attenuate the noise regenerated in the absorber device 1, in particular in the case of rapid flow of the gas streams.
  • the figures 5 and 6 illustrate another embodiment of a noise attenuator device according to the invention.
  • This noise attenuator device 1 has a structure very close to that of the embodiment illustrated in the figures. figures 1 to 4 . It further comprises an absorption core arranged inside the central tube, making it possible in particular to limit the air path in the case of large central tube diameters.
  • the noise attenuator device 1 herein comprises a central tube 5 provided with two end extensions 7 and 9 and surrounded by an outer tube 10.
  • This outer tube 10 is assembled with the central tube 5 by the upstream end wall 12 and by the downstream end wall 13 to define the annular sound absorption chamber 11.
  • the upstream section 5a of the central tube 5 is solid (not perforated) and it extends to the intermediate zone 19.
  • This solid section 5a is extended by a downstream section 5b which is perforated.
  • a ring of acoustic absorptive material 14 fills the downstream part 11b of the acoustic absorption chamber 11, from the plane F located downstream of the aforementioned intermediate zone 19.
  • a complementary absorption core 24 is mounted inside the central tube 5, on the longitudinal axis A of the latter.
  • This internal absorption core 24 is in the general form of a cylinder whose diameter is less than the diameter of the central tube 5, assembled with the internal face of the latter by means of spacer lugs 25.
  • This absorption core 24 comprises a cylindrical outer casing 26 which is provided with perforations 27; this envelope 26 is filled with an acoustic absorptive material 28.
  • the outer casing 26 of the absorption core 24 is made of stainless steel, for example of type 316L.
  • the perforations 27 are distributed homogeneously over the entire surface of the outer envelope 26 and they occupy between 40 and 60% of the surface of this envelope.
  • the acoustic absorptive material 28 preferably consists of rock wool, the density of which is between 30 and 140 kg / m 3 , preferably between 60 and 80 kg / m 3 .
  • At least the upstream end 29 of the absorption core 24 is in the form of an ogive (or dome) to limit disturbances in the flow of smoke.
  • downstream end 30 of the absorption core 24 is also in the form of a bullet.
  • This absorption core 24 extends over part of the length of the central tube 5; preferably it extends inside the perforated downstream section 5b of said central tube 5. In this case, the absorption core 24 extends here over all or practically the entire length of this perforated downstream section 5b, and over the entire length occupied by the sound absorber core cylinder 14.
  • This absorption core 24 has the function and the advantage of adding absorptive material to compensate for the large internal diameter of the acoustic absorption device, in particular in the case of internal tubes having a diameter greater than or equal to 350 mm.
  • the figure 7 illustrates yet another embodiment of a noise attenuator device 1 "according to the invention.
  • This noise attenuator device 1 "therefore comprises a central tube 5 provided with two end extensions 7 and 9 and surrounded by an outer tube 10.
  • This outer tube 10 is assembled with the central tube 5 by the upstream end wall 12 and by the downstream end wall 13 to define the annular chamber 11.
  • the central tube 5 comprises a non-perforated upstream section 5a up to the intermediate zone 19, followed by a perforated downstream section 5b.
  • a ring of acoustic absorptive material 14 fills the downstream part 11b of the absorption chamber 11.
  • an inspection hatch 31 is provided in the outer tube 10, opening into the upstream part 11a in the form of a cavity.
  • This inspection hatch 31 is formed by a cylindrical shell 32 fixed to the outer tube 10 (along an axis perpendicular to the axis of this outer tube 10), associated with an insulated removable plug 33.
  • a cutout / opening 34 is made in the central part of the central tube 5 facing the inspection hatch 31, to allow access to the interior of this central tube 5.
  • Such an inspection hatch 31 allows the maintenance of the device, in particular when it is placed on conduits serving solid fuel boilers such as wood.
  • This type of inspection hatch can of course also be fitted in attenuating devices with an absorption core, as illustrated on the figures 5 and 6 .
  • the upstream section 5a of the central tube 5 is preferably devoid of perforations or openings. However, one or a few perforations / openings can be arranged therein, as required, (as in the embodiment of the figure 7 ), without occupying a large wall area. This perforated / open wall surface of the upstream section 5a will in any event be less than that of the downstream section 5b.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
EP20183656.6A 2019-07-03 2020-07-02 Raucherzeugungsvorrichtung mit einer schalldämmvorrichtung in einem rauchgasrohr Active EP3760924B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1907419A FR3098280B1 (fr) 2019-07-03 2019-07-03 Dispositif atténuateur de bruit pour un conduit d’évacuation de fumée équipant un appareil producteur de fumée

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3760924A1 true EP3760924A1 (de) 2021-01-06
EP3760924B1 EP3760924B1 (de) 2022-10-12

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20183656.6A Active EP3760924B1 (de) 2019-07-03 2020-07-02 Raucherzeugungsvorrichtung mit einer schalldämmvorrichtung in einem rauchgasrohr

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EP (1) EP3760924B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3098280B1 (de)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB403651A (en) * 1931-06-20 1933-12-20 Burgess Lab Inc C F Silencer for gaseous currents
US3757892A (en) * 1972-04-03 1973-09-11 Skyway Machine Inc Exhaust unit for combustion engine
US20120261210A1 (en) * 2011-04-18 2012-10-18 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Resonant-type muffler
EP2857748A1 (de) 2013-10-03 2015-04-08 Poujoulat Schalldämmvorrichtung für ein Rauchgasabzugsrohr eines Heizkessels

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB403651A (en) * 1931-06-20 1933-12-20 Burgess Lab Inc C F Silencer for gaseous currents
US3757892A (en) * 1972-04-03 1973-09-11 Skyway Machine Inc Exhaust unit for combustion engine
US20120261210A1 (en) * 2011-04-18 2012-10-18 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Resonant-type muffler
EP2857748A1 (de) 2013-10-03 2015-04-08 Poujoulat Schalldämmvorrichtung für ein Rauchgasabzugsrohr eines Heizkessels

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Publication number Publication date
FR3098280B1 (fr) 2021-07-30
EP3760924B1 (de) 2022-10-12
FR3098280A1 (fr) 2021-01-08

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