EP3755540A1 - Method and devices for producing a product having adhesive elements - Google Patents
Method and devices for producing a product having adhesive elementsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3755540A1 EP3755540A1 EP19707758.9A EP19707758A EP3755540A1 EP 3755540 A1 EP3755540 A1 EP 3755540A1 EP 19707758 A EP19707758 A EP 19707758A EP 3755540 A1 EP3755540 A1 EP 3755540A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chitosan
- fiber
- adhesive
- containing solution
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims description 122
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 121
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 156
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 130
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 hygiene articles Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 64
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 14
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- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 4
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- NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-ethenylphenyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BFMKFCLXZSUVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl but-3-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC=C BFMKFCLXZSUVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940100486 rice starch Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005789 ACRONAL® acrylic binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl cyanoacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(=C)C#N MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004823 Reactive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013011 aqueous formulation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011138 biotechnological process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SYUXAJSOZXEFPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutin Natural products COc1c(O)cc2OC(=CC(=O)c2c1O)c3ccccc3OC4OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C4O SYUXAJSOZXEFPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108010037896 heparin-binding hemagglutinin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011090 solid board Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003732 tyramine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42C—BOOKBINDING
- B42C9/00—Applying glue or adhesive peculiar to bookbinding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to methods and apparatuses for producing a product comprising at least two elements bonded together, in particular a cellulose product, and to products made therewith.
- Such adhesive binding methods are binding methods for, for example, books or other printed products, wherein adhesives are applied to the backs of the cut book blocks, which ensure the cohesion of the leaves.
- Methods for bonding elements can be distinguished according to the operating temperatures used in cold and hot glues.
- thermoplastic adhesives which are solid at room temperature and liquid when heated, in particular ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers or
- Hot melt adhesives used.
- a disadvantage of the hot glueing is a high energy consumption, a high viscosity of the hot melt adhesive and any damage of temperature-sensitive elements to be bonded.
- the obtained bond has insufficient flexibility. This leads in particular in the binding of books, magazines or magazines to an inflexible impact behavior, in particular the impact is not possible at an angle of 180 ° and open books, magazines or magazines fold by itself again.
- hot-melt adhesives have been widely used in view of the need to perform such high throughput industrial bonding processes.
- the adhesive In the field of cold gluing, which is much gentler, the adhesive (usually polymer dispersions with natural or artificial polymers or synthetic or natural resin dispersions in water, for example aqueous formulations based on acrylate) must be liquid at room temperature and the Paper structure, in particular depending on the Viscosity, good to wet.
- the adhesion or durability of the glued fiber-containing elements with the glue is often too low. Therefore, in mechanical stress, for example, when repeatedly turning a book, a magazine or magazine, so after a short time separate individual leaves from the bandage.
- the present invention is based on the technical problem of overcoming the above disadvantages, in particular to provide methods which result in a particularly stable bonding of elements to be bonded, in particular when adhesive formulations or cold glues are to be used for bonding.
- the present invention is also based on the technical problem of providing bonded products, which are characterized by a particularly stable bonding of the elements forming them.
- the present invention is further based on the technical problem of providing devices which are suitable, in particular adapted, for carrying out the methods according to the invention.
- the present invention solves the underlying technical problems by providing the subject matters of the independent claims.
- the present invention solves the underlying problem by providing a process for producing a product comprising at least two elements bonded together comprising a) providing at least a first element comprising at least one fiber-containing surface, at least one second element, at least one chitosan - containing solution and at least one liquid adhesive formulation, b) applying the at least one chitosan-containing solution to at least one surface to be bonded on the at least one fiber-containing surface of the first
- Elements for obtaining a pretreated gluing zone having the chitosan-containing solution on the first element c) applying the at least one liquid adhesive formulation to the adhesive zone having the pretreated chitosan-containing solution obtained in process step b) and d) contacting the at least one second Element with the adhesive zone of the first element to obtain the bonded product.
- the invention accordingly provides that in a first method step a) at least two elements to be bonded are provided, of which a first element is characterized in that at least one surface of the element is a fiber-containing surface, ie has fibers, in particular one Having fibers formed surface.
- the first element may preferably comprise a coating of fibrous material, for example fibers, for example a fibrous coating.
- the first element can be constructed from the fibers, in particular consist of these.
- the entire surface of the first element is a fiber-containing surface.
- it can also be provided that only one surface, in particular a part of one or more surfaces of the first element, is a fiber-containing surface.
- the fiber-containing surface may in a preferred embodiment consist solely of fibers.
- the fiber-containing surface in addition to the fibers further components such as synthetic and natural polymers, glues, fillers, dyes, defoamers, dispersants, rheology agents, wetting agents or the like included.
- the fibers present in the fiber-containing surface of the first element provided in process step a), preferably all fibers, can be present over their entire length, but at least over a substantial fiber length in the form of a fiber composite, ie in a form in which at least parts of the fibers to each other and / or to other components of the element directly direct physical contact, preferably in close physical contact, for example in compressed form.
- a first method step a at least one second element to be bonded to the first element, at least one chitosan-containing solution and at least one liquid adhesive formulation are provided.
- the invention further provides that in a second method step b) the at least one chitosan-containing solution is applied to a surface to be bonded, in particular to a region of the at least one fiber-containing surface or to the entire fiber-containing surface of the first element , whereby a gluing zone comprising the chitosan-containing solution is obtained on the first element, for example the entire fiber-containing surface or a region of this surface.
- adheresive zone is understood to mean the surface of the fiber-containing surface of the first element to which the chitosan-containing solution has been applied and to those in a subsequent process step, in particular without carrying out further steps, in particular intermediate steps , the liquid adhesive formulation is applied.
- step b) The pretreated, containing the chitosan-containing solution adhesive zone of the first element thus obtained in step b), the chitosan-containing solution therefore still in the provided in step a) liquid form.
- a third process step c) the at least one liquid adhesive formulation is then applied to the adhesive zone having the pretreated chitosan-containing solution obtained in process step b), for example with a nozzle or roller application, such that a "wet on wet” Application takes place.
- the invention sees Therefore, in particular, that after process step b) and before process step c), no drying of the applied chitosan-containing solution takes place, but rather, it is brought into contact with the liquid adhesive formulation in its liquid state.
- no further process step takes place following process step b) and before process step c), in particular it is preferably provided that process step c) takes place immediately after process step b).
- step d the second element is then brought into contact with the adhesive zone of the first element to obtain the bonded product, optionally under pressure.
- no further process step is carried out following process step c) and before process step d); in particular, it is provided in a preferred embodiment that process step d) takes place immediately after process step c).
- the procedure according to the invention leads to a particularly stable adhesion of the elements which, in particular in a tensile test, leads to a cohesive failure and not to an adhesion break.
- the chitosan-containing solution used according to the invention acts as an agent which, in its liquid form, ie in the wet state, allowing the adhesive formulation to rise and, without being bound by theory, allow the adhesive to be more easily drawn into the adhesive zone, particularly into the depth of the fiber-containing surface, and thus in particular to provide an increased adhesive zone.
- the chitosan-containing solution gets into even the smallest structurings in and on the surface and draws in the adhesive formulation, thus providing a surface-enlarged adhesive zone against non-pretreatment with chitosan-containing solution.
- the chitosan and / or chitosan derivative molecules present in the chitosan-containing solution undergo a change in the interface with the fibers in the fiber-containing surface by a change in surface energy.
- the use according to the invention of the chitosan-containing solution therefore permits, in particular, improved application of an adhesive formulation in the adhesive zone under wet-in-wet conditions.
- wet-in-wet conditions mean, in particular, that the chitosan-containing solution is completely in the at least one fiber-containing surface of the at least one first element that is, no chitosan-containing solution is more on the at least one fiber-containing surface, but this is completely in the at least one fiber-containing surface, and the chitosan-containing solution while still remaining in the liquid state, the means before applying the at least one liquid adhesive formulation is still liquid.
- the chitosan-containing solution largely or, preferably, completely absorbs into the at least one fiber-containing surface of the first element. Accordingly, there is preferably little or, preferably, no chitosan-containing solution more on the at least one fiber-containing surface. Rather, it is largely or, preferably, completely present in the at least one fiber-containing surface, specifically in the liquid state.
- the area to be bonded on the fiber-containing surface before carrying out this preferred process step b) has been supplied to a surface enlargement, in particular a fiber exposure.
- the application of the at least one chitosan-containing solution in process step b) and the subsequent application of the at least one liquid adhesive formulation in process step c) advantageously also makes possible, in particular, a more flexible development of the bonding technology, since in particular no stable adhesive formulations comprising at least one chitosan or chitosan Derivative must be developed as an ingredient new, but already known adhesive formulations used and can be developed separately, without taking into account the chemical needs and influences of at least one chitosan or chitosan derivative.
- the present teaching uses the polyamino sugar chitosan, which is available in sufficient quantity as a renewable raw material and is available in large quantities.
- Chitosan is stable in solution, especially acid solution, and allows sufficient processing time.
- chitosan is easily processed as a refined waste Available in its structure as a linear unbranched polymer is similar to the sugar chains of cellulose, is soluble at slightly acidic pH and thus easy to work in so-called "wet-in-wet" processes.
- the fibers comprise at least one polymeric compound, hereinafter also referred to as "polymer”, in particular the fibers consist of at least one polymer.
- the polymer may in particular be a naturally occurring polymer, preferably a biopolymer, for example a natural fiber, in particular a naturally occurring polymer in plants, in particular cellulose.
- the fibers are vegetable fibers which preferably contain or consist of cellulose as a polymer.
- the vegetable fibers may be present in the form of paper, paperboard, in particular solid board and corrugated cardboard, cardboard, mechanical pulp, pulp, semi-pulp or paperboard, in particular in the form of paper.
- the fibers comprise an artificially produced polymer, in particular the fibers consist of an artificially produced polymer which is in particular a chemically synthesized polymer, in particular a chemically modified polymer based on naturally occurring polymers.
- the first element provided in process step a) and having at least one fiber-containing surface is a cellulose-containing element, in particular a cellulose product.
- the first, second, further or all of the elements provided in process step a) are cellulose-containing elements, in particular cellulose products.
- the first element comprising at least one fiber-containing surface is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, wood, natural fibers and vegetable fiber materials, wherein in a particularly preferred embodiment the fibers contain or consist of cellulose consist.
- Paper, paperboard, wood, natural fibers or vegetable fiber material may preferably be in the form of wood components, wound dressings, textiles, hygiene articles or absorber / adsorbent materials, wherein in a particularly preferred embodiment the fibers contain or consist of cellulose.
- the term paper is understood in the context of the present invention, in particular graphic papers, packaging papers, tissue paper and specialty papers. As a graphic papers are preferably all papers for printing, writing and copying, such as photo prints and digital prints.
- Packaging papers are preferably paper, cardboard and cardboard for packaging purposes.
- Sanitary papers are preferably high volume, high absorbency papers typically used in the sanitary or kitchen area.
- special papers preferably denotes papers and cardboards for special technical purposes.
- the invention relates to graphic papers. More preferably, the invention relates to graphic papers which have already been subjected to a printing process, in particular to photographic prints and digital prints. However, it is also possible to use non-printed papers within the scope of the invention.
- the first element comprising at least one fiber-containing surface is selected from the group consisting of paper, cardboard, wood, vegetable fiber materials, natural fibers and / or combinations thereof.
- the first element comprising at least one fiber-containing surface is selected from the group consisting of paper, paperboard, wood, vegetable fiber materials, natural fibers and combinations thereof in combination with synthetic polymers.
- the first element comprising at least one fiber-containing surface is paper, in particular made from fibers of deciduous or softwood, wherein in a particularly preferred embodiment the fibers contain or consist of cellulose.
- the first element comprising at least one fiber-containing surface is cardboard, wherein in a particularly preferred embodiment the fibers contain or consist of cellulose.
- the first, at least one fiber-containing surface element comprising wood, especially coniferous or hardwood, wherein in a particularly preferred embodiment, the fibers contain or consist of cellulose.
- the first element comprising at least one fiber-containing surface is an element of vegetable fiber materials, in particular fibers of coniferous or deciduous trees, wherein in a particularly preferred embodiment the fibers contain or consist of cellulose.
- the second element is selected from a group consisting of plastic element, paper, cardboard, wood, vegetable fibers, natural fibers or combinations thereof, these in a preferred embodiment as wood components, functional materials, wound dressings, textiles, hygiene articles or Absorber / adsorber materials may be present.
- the elements are made of different materials.
- the elements consist of the same materials.
- the chitosan in the chitosan-containing solution is chitosan or a chitosan derivative.
- suitable chitosan derivatives are chitosan esters, chitosanamides, chitosan monomers and other chitosan derivatives, such as chitosan conjugates with polyphenols, such as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid or oxytalgalate, salts of organic acids, for example citric acid or polyepoxysuccinate, chitosan-PEG-tyramine, Chitosan amylose, chitosan ester and amine derivatives, carboxy-functionalized chitosans, phosphorylated chitosans, glycosylated, etherified, crosslinked and copolymerized chitosan can be used.
- a chitosan derivative according to the invention in the chitosan-containing solution is a chitosan derivative which can be used in a process according to the invention, in particular in a process according to the invention, if its use according to the invention results in that the adhesive formulation used in process step c) draws in the at least one fiber-containing adhesive zone in a shorter time compared to a direct, that is without prior application of the chitosan-containing solution in a process step b), orders on the at least one fiber containing surface.
- At least one chitosan-containing solution is provided in process step a), the chitosan-containing solution containing at least one chitosan or chitosan derivative, in particular one to three chitosans or chitosan derivatives, in particular one or two chitosans or chitosan derivatives, in particular a chitosan or chitosan derivative.
- a chitosan-containing solution is understood in particular to mean a solution which contains at least one chitosan or chitosan derivative, in particular mixtures of chitosans and / or chitosan derivatives.
- chitosan means deacetylated chitin.
- the degree of deacetylation may vary.
- the degree of deacetylation of the chitosan varies from 40 to 100%, in particular 50 to 100%, in particular 60 to 100%, in particular 95 to 100%, in particular 70 to 100%, in particular 80 to 100%, in particular 90 to 100%, in particular 40 to 90%, in particular 40 to 80%, in particular 40 to 70%, in particular 40 to 60%, in particular 40 to 50%, in particular 50 to 90%, in particular 50 to 80%, in particular 50 to 70 %, in particular 50 to 60%, in particular 60 to 90%, in particular 60 to 80%, in particular 60 to 70%, in particular 70 to 90%, in particular 70 to 80%, in particular 80 to 90%.
- the degree of deacetylation is> 50%, in particular> 90%.
- the chitosan or chitosan derivative is present as a chitosan oligomer.
- the chitosan oligomer has a molecular weight of 1 to 50 kDa, in particular 2 to 40 kDa, in particular 1 to 20 kDa, in particular 1 to 2 kDa, in particular 2 to 20 kDa or especially 5 to 20 kDa on.
- the chitosan or chitosan derivative is present as a chitosan polymer.
- the chitosan polymer has a molecular weight of 51 to 400 kDa, in particular 51 to 200 kDa, in particular 60 to 100 kDa, in particular 65 to 90 kDa, in particular up to 100 to 200 kDa or in particular 200 to 400 kDa on.
- the chitosan or chitosan derivative is present in the chitosan-containing solution in a concentration of 0.001 to 10%, in particular 0.001 to 1%, in particular 0.01 to 5%, in particular 0.01 to 3%, 0.01 to 1%, in particular 0.05 to 1%, in particular 0.1 to 1%, in particular 0.5 to 1%, in particular 0.1 to 0.5%, in particular 0.01 to 0.1% , in particular 0.01 to 0.9% (in each case m / v).
- the chitosan can be present in aqueous solution, in particular in buffered aqueous solution, in particular in acidic buffered solution, in particular in phosphate-buffered solution.
- the chitosan can be present in an acidic aqueous solution, for example in an aqueous solution having a pH of from 1 to 6.9, in particular from 2 to 6, in particular from 3 to 5.5.
- the chitosan-containing solution can be present as an aqueous solution, in particular as a buffered aqueous solution, in particular an acid-buffered solution, in particular a phosphate-buffered solution.
- the chitosan-containing solution can be present as an acidic aqueous solution, for example as an aqueous solution having a pH of from 1 to 6.9, in particular from 2 to 6, in particular from 3 to 5.5.
- the chitosan-containing solution comprises further additives.
- the additives are small, Carboxyl group-carrying molecules such as acetic acid and / or citric acid or higher molecular weight, carboxyl-bearing polymers.
- At least two different chitosan-containing solutions are provided in process step a), in particular at least three, in particular at least four.
- process step a) exactly one chitosan-containing solution is provided, in particular exactly two, in particular exactly three, in particular exactly four.
- the chitosan-containing solutions in process step b) are applied simultaneously or successively.
- the liquid adhesive formulation is a suspension, a dispersion, an emulsion or a solution of at least one adhesive.
- the adhesive formulation may contain, in addition to the at least one adhesive, at least one further agent selected from the group consisting of synthetic or natural polymers, plasticizers, resins, preservatives, dispersants, fillers, light stabilizers, defoaming agents,
- Rheology improvers thickeners, crosslinkers, hardeners and combinations thereof.
- the liquid adhesive formulation is a suspension of at least one adhesive.
- the liquid adhesive formulation is a dispersion of at least one adhesive.
- the liquid adhesive formulation is an emulsion of at least one adhesive.
- the liquid adhesive formulation is a solution, in particular an aqueous solution of at least one adhesive.
- the adhesive formulation comprises a physical-curing adhesive.
- the adhesive formulation comprises a chemical-curing adhesive.
- the adhesive formulation contains at least one adhesive which is commonly used in paper and print finishing, for example adhesives based on natural or semi-natural polymers, starch adhesives containing potato, maize, wheat, cassava, Tapioca and rice starch in native or degraded form, in various degrees of degradation, in cold or warm-soluble form, with different degrees of gelatinization, dextrin adhesives, prepared by thermal or chemical degradation of potato, maize, wheat, cassava, tapioca and Rice starch, gluten glues, starch / dextrin blends, cellulosic glues or cellulose derivative glues.
- adhesives based on natural or semi-natural polymers starch adhesives containing potato, maize, wheat, cassava, Tapioca and rice starch in native or degraded form, in various degrees of degradation, in cold or warm-soluble form, with different degrees of gelatinization, dextrin adhesives, prepared by thermal or chemical degradation of potato, maize, wheat, cassava, tapioca and Rice starch,
- hotmelt adhesives based on vinyl acetate hot-melt adhesives
- PUR reactive adhesives reactive polyurethane hotmelt adhesives
- polyvinyl alcohol adhesives or dispersion adhesives containing homo- or copolymers of vinyl acetate Ethyl vinyl acetate, acrylates, styrene acrylate and dispersion adhesives containing polyurethane.
- a dispersion adhesive formulation may be a dispersion of an organic base material, for example a polymer or copolymer of vinyl esters or acrylates in liquid dispersion media, in which the organic base material is insoluble.
- the dispersion may optionally contain plasticizers, resins or fillers.
- the adhesive formulation is a dispersion adhesive formulation, especially on an aqueous basis.
- Aqueous based dispersion adhesive formulations contain water as the solvent portion of the formulation.
- the dispersion adhesive formulation contains homo- or copolymers of vinyl acetate, ethyl vinyl acetate, acrylates, styrene-acrylate or a polyurethane.
- Emuldur ® (BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany) (anionic polyester-polyurethane in aqueous dispersion), adhesin ® A7362 (Henkel, Dusseldorf, Germany), (polyvinyl acetate) or Acronal ® is A508 (BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany ), (Acrylic acid ester copolymer dispersion) or one which consists partly or wholly of bio-based or renewable raw materials.
- the adhesive is an adhesive selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin. Polyurethane, methyl methacrylate, cyanoacrylate, PVC (polyvinyl chloride), polycarbonate, polysulfide, silicone, unsaturated polyester, glutin, casein, starch, methyl cellulose, polyimide, vinyl ester resin, polychloroprene and a combination thereof.
- the adhesive formulation is a glue, in particular a cold glue, in particular cold glue made from bio-based or renewable raw materials.
- a glue is a suspension, dispersion, emulsion or solution of an adhesive, in particular of animal, vegetable or synthetic base materials, in a liquid medium, in particular in water.
- a cold glue is understood to mean a glue which can be processed cold, in particular at room temperature (19 to 21 ° C.), without heating.
- At least two different adhesive formulations are provided in process step a), in particular at least three, in particular at least four.
- precisely one liquid adhesive formulation is provided in method step a), in particular exactly two, in particular exactly three, in particular exactly four.
- the adhesive formulations are applied simultaneously or sequentially.
- the chitosan-containing solution in step b) can be applied manually, for example with a brush or sponge, or in another preferred embodiment, by machine, for example with a nozzle or rolling machine.
- the roller of the rolling machine may be constructed of a foam, which in a preferred embodiment is immersed in half in a tank containing the chitosan-containing solution so as to be able to fill the pores of the foam with the chitosan-containing solution.
- the chitosan-containing solution is applied in a preferred embodiment with the protruding from the basin other half on the at least one surface to be bonded on the at least one laser-containing surface of the first element.
- the adhesive formulation in method step c) can be applied manually, for example with a brush or sponge, or in another preferred embodiment by machine, for example with a nozzle or a rolling machine.
- the invention also relates to a device, suitable, in particular adapted, for carrying out a method according to the invention.
- the invention also relates to a device for producing a product having at least two elements bonded together, comprising a) a clamping unit for clamping at least a first element containing at least one fiber-containing surface, in particular a book block tongs, b) a fiber exposure device for surface enlargement , in particular
- Roughening device for roughening, at least one surface to be bonded of the at least one first element having at least one fiber-containing surface, c) a first applicator, in particular a nozzle or roller unit, for applying a chitosan-containing solution from a first reservoir to the at least one surface to be bonded; and d) a second applicator for applying a liquid adhesive formulation from a second reservoir to the one containing the chitosan pre-treated solution
- the invention also relates to a device for adhesive bonding of paper products, comprising a) a clamping unit for clamping a paper stack, in particular a book block tongs, b) a fiber exposure device for surface enlargement, in particular roughening device for roughening at least one surface of the paper stack to be bonded, c) a first applicator, in particular a nozzle or roller unit, for applying a chitosan-containing solution from a first reservoir to the at least one surface to be bonded; and d) a second applicator for applying a liquid adhesive formulation from a second reservoir to the one containing the chitosan containing solution pretreated adhesive zone.
- the device for producing a product comprising at least two elements bonded together, in particular for bonding paper products has a further device for bringing the at least one second element into contact with the adhesive zone of the at least one first element.
- the at least one second element is brought into contact with the adhesive zone of the at least one first element manually.
- the surface to be bonded on the fiber-containing surface prior to carrying out process step b) in a process step al) an increase in surface area, in particular a fiber exposure, supplied.
- the fibers of the fiber-containing surface are present in a fiber composite, ie in particular the fibers are arranged either directly, preferably over their entire catches, physically adjacent to one another, for example pressed together, and / or or in optionally present further components of the element, in particular its surface, are embedded, for example in a matrix.
- method step al) represents roughening of the surface, in particular a fiber exposure, in particular a fiber exposure is carried out when paper or cardboard represent the fiber-containing surface.
- method step al) takes place in connection with method step a) and before method step b).
- the surface of at least one fiber-containing surface of the first element, in particular the surface to be bonded is increased in surface area. This is done in a preferred embodiment, characterized in that in the fiber-containing surface, preferably in a fiber composite, present fibers of the first element provided in step a) are fully or partially exposed by the surface enlargement, that is, a fiber exposure takes place.
- the surface of a fiber-containing surface of an element is formed by the areas of the surface, that is surfaces of the fibers and optionally other surfaces of the surface, for example of other components of the surface, which are not in communication, in particular in physical contact, that is to fibers or components of the element, and wherein these areas of the surface are thus available for contacting, in particular wetting with the chitosan-containing solution available.
- the areas of the fibers available for contacting with the chitosan-containing solution may be almost the entire surface of the exposed fiber in the case of exposed fibers or, in the case of fibers which, at least partially, are in the fiber composite, those parts of the fiber surface not in contact with other fibers or components of the element.
- the fibers of the fiber-containing surface are exposed from the fiber composite and thus increase the surface available for contacting the chitosan-containing solution.
- more than 50%, more than 60%, more than 70%, more than 80% or more than 90%, in particular more than 95% of the fibers are exposed within the surface to be bonded.
- a surface enlargement means that the area to be bonded is increased by at least 100%, in particular by at least 150%, in particular by at least 200%, in particular by at least 300%, in particular 100 to 450%, in particular by 150 to 450%, in particular increased by 200 to 450%.
- the extent of the surface enlargement of the surface to be bonded can be determined by means of microscopy, in particular Fichtmikroskopie or electron microscopy. For this purpose, before and after the surface enlargement, the number of exposed fibers or Fasemmaschine per unit area, and their dimensions, in particular the catches and the diameter, detected and calculated using these measures, the respective size of the surface.
- the measurement of the surface enlargement by means of a Fichtmikroskops is measured.
- the catches and the diameter of the exposed fibers, optionally partially exposed areas of fibers and optionally present other surfaces of a fiber-containing surface are measured.
- a fiber is equal to a cylinder
- the surface area of a cylinder representing the fiber will be determined on the basis of the determined catches as well calculated by the diameter of the fiber.
- the diameter used for the calculation can be the mean value of the diameter of a representative sample of fibers for the calculation.
- the sum of the surfaces of the individual cylinders, that is, the exposed fibers, exposed areas of fibers and any other surfaces of the surface gives the size of the roughened surface and is the sum of the surface area of any exposed fibers, exposed areas of fibers as well as any other surfaces of the surface which may be present, that is to say preferably only the flat two-dimensionally suitable surface of the fiber composite, compared to an untreated surface.
- the surface enlargement also referred to as roughening in connection with the present invention, can be achieved, for example, by means of roughening devices, for example knives or teeth having milling devices, rollers or discs.
- the roughening can be achieved by means of plate-like roughening devices, in particular tools, these preferably plate-like tool discs provide with small elevations, in particular teeth, which preferably roughened in parallel rotation to be roughened surface and thus achieved as it were a fiber exposure.
- the product having at least two adhesively bonded elements produced by the method is a book, a booklet, a writing pad, a brochure, a catalog, a magazine or a magazine.
- the product is a book, a booklet, a writing pad, a brochure, a catalog, a magazine or a magazine
- the first element is a paper side and the second element as a back, to Example spine, inserted spine, as well as other elements further pages.
- the term "product” is understood to mean, in particular, a paper product, in particular products produced by the Merging of the above-mentioned paper, so for example, products or intermediates of bookbinding, such as books, brochures, leaflets, magazines, catalogs, writing pads, book blocks, envelopes and magazines.
- the product having at least two elements bonded together by the method is a book, in particular a photo book.
- the method according to the invention is preferably used in print finishing.
- print finishing covers all steps by which the intended products with their respective shapes and properties are manufactured from printed or unprinted preliminary products.
- these include methods and steps of bookbinding that include bonding, for example, bookbinding, brochures, catalogs, writing pads, gluing, block gluing, book block bookding, gluing envelopes, book cover making, face gluing, back sizing, side sizing, Pasting, gluing cards and samples, laminating, gumming, self-adhesive gumming, adhesive gumming or label making.
- the method according to the invention is carried out in the context of a lay-flat method.
- a lay-flat method is understood to mean that paper pages, for example of a book, magazine or magazine, are glued together in such a way that the respective product can be completely opened and the two visible pages are completely opened, this means an angle of 180 °, can be opened and thereby form a flat surface.
- the invention also relates to a bonded, at least one fiber-containing surface exhibiting product produced according to a method of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a first element (10) having at least one fiber-containing paper edge (150) and having fibers (12) present in a fiber composite (17).
- FIG. 2 shows the first at least one fiber-containing surface (11)
- FIG. 2 shows in particular that the fibers (12) have been exposed by the surface enlargement.
- FIG. 3 shows the first, at least one fiber-containing surface (11) having
- FIG. 4 shows the liquid applied to the adhesive zone (13) of the element (10)
- FIG. 5 shows the adhesive zone (13) after the liquid has been applied
- the liquid adhesive formulation here lies homogeneously in intermediate spaces (31) between the exposed fibers (12) and the chitosan (20).
- FIG. 6 shows by way of example the two elements bonded together
- Product (50) comprising a first element (10) having at least one fiber-containing surface, a second element (40) and the adhesive zone (13).
- Figure 7 shows schematically in time sequences the behavior of an exposed
- 8 schematically shows an apparatus for bonding paper products comprising a clamping unit (book block tongs) (6), application rail / transport path (2), fiber exposure device, in particular roughening device (milling tool) (3), first applicator (activator application) (7) and second applicator ( Feimcited) (8) and a first applicator (7) associated with the first reservoir (4) and a second applicator (8) associated with the second reservoir (5).
- a book block (DIN A4, that is, with a back length of 297 mm) was clamped in a book block pliers so that the edge to be bound protrudes about 2 mm freely from the pliers (so-called notice board).
- This book block was roughened by a milling device (shown schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2). This pretreatment exposes the fibers and increases the surface area by about 300%.
- a 0.1% (m / v) chitosan-containing solution wherein a chitosan with> 50, in particular> 90% Deacetyltechniksgrad in the solution (aqueous phosphate-buffered solution) is included, applied to the roughened book block back (schematically according to FIG.
- the adhesive dispersion had a viscosity index which was practicable for the viscosity (measured with Ford cup, 5 mm nozzle) of preferably> 100 s. Subsequently, the book block is integrated into a book block back (schematically Figure 6) and obtained a book.
- FIG. 7 shows the effect of applying chitosan (20) to a paper edge (150).
- FIG. 7 shows that, without the use of chitosan (20) (FIG. 7, left), the adhesive (30) on a paper edge (150) to be bonded remains on the edge of the paper and not in the intermediate spaces (31) between the fibers deposited (12) penetrates, but dries out there (time 2).
- the paper edge (150) is provided with a chitosan-containing solution (20) before application of the adhesive (30) and thus a gluing zone (13) containing chitosan-containing solution, the adhesive (30) sinks "wet on wet” in the paper edge and distributed homogeneously in the spaces (31) ( Figure 7, right) (time 2).
- the adhesive does not rupture on the paper fiber but inside the adhesive sheath, it is a cohesive failure.
- the adhesive In the book blocks of the controls, when viewed with a light microscope, it is easy to see that the adhesive is relatively easily detached from the fiber (adhesion breakage). If the book block back was previously treated with a chitosan-containing solution, as described in Example 1, "wet on wet", you can see under the microscope a cohesive failure, that is, the adhesive film separates in the middle and there are adhesive residues to hang on the fiber.
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- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102018202677.7A DE102018202677A1 (en) | 2018-02-22 | 2018-02-22 | Process for the preparation of a product comprising glued elements |
PCT/EP2019/054440 WO2019162438A1 (en) | 2018-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | Method and devices for producing a product having adhesive elements |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3755540A1 true EP3755540A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
EP3755540B1 EP3755540B1 (en) | 2022-05-18 |
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EP19707758.9A Active EP3755540B1 (en) | 2018-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | Method and devices for producing a product having elements adhered together |
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EP (1) | EP3755540B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102018202677A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019162438A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO1997011226A1 (en) * | 1995-09-06 | 1997-03-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Paper product comprising adhesively joined plies |
ZA983874B (en) * | 1997-05-09 | 1998-11-09 | Procter & Gamble | Adhesive composition providing a signal means and adhesively laminated paper product |
EP2358837B1 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2013-05-01 | Basf Se | Composition containing a hydrophobin for adhesion of paper products |
EP2429598A2 (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2012-03-21 | Kitozyme S.A. | Adhesive composition |
CN105733410A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-07-06 | 蚌埠昆仑彩印包装有限公司 | Protection coating for book edge sealing adhesive packaging box |
CN107163863A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-15 | 界首市众鑫科技服务有限公司 | A kind of book cover rubber adhesive and preparation method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-02-22 DE DE102018202677.7A patent/DE102018202677A1/en active Pending
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2019
- 2019-02-22 WO PCT/EP2019/054440 patent/WO2019162438A1/en unknown
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EP3755540B1 (en) | 2022-05-18 |
DE102018202677A1 (en) | 2019-08-22 |
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