EP3747534A1 - Dispositif et procédé de génération de nanobulles - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de génération de nanobulles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3747534A1
EP3747534A1 EP19305708.0A EP19305708A EP3747534A1 EP 3747534 A1 EP3747534 A1 EP 3747534A1 EP 19305708 A EP19305708 A EP 19305708A EP 3747534 A1 EP3747534 A1 EP 3747534A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
chambers
chamber
inlet
gas
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EP19305708.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Moreno Naldi
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Watermax AG
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Watermax AG
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Priority to EP19305708.0A priority Critical patent/EP3747534A1/fr
Publication of EP3747534A1 publication Critical patent/EP3747534A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
    • B01F23/2323—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/10—Maintenance of mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/237—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
    • B01F23/2373—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media for obtaining fine bubbles, i.e. bubbles with a size below 100 µm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3131—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers, e.g. screens, baffles or rotating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3133—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit characterised by the specific design of the injector
    • B01F25/31331—Perforated, multi-opening, with a plurality of holes
    • B01F25/313311—Porous injectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4314—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor with helical baffles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4316—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being flat pieces of material, e.g. intermeshing, fixed to the wall or fixed on a central rod
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B01F25/43171—Profiled blades, wings, wedges, i.e. plate-like element having one side or part thicker than the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431971—Mounted on the wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/432—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction with means for dividing the material flow into separate sub-flows and for repositioning and recombining these sub-flows; Cross-mixing, e.g. conducting the outer layer of the material nearer to the axis of the tube or vice-versa
    • B01F25/4323—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction with means for dividing the material flow into separate sub-flows and for repositioning and recombining these sub-flows; Cross-mixing, e.g. conducting the outer layer of the material nearer to the axis of the tube or vice-versa using elements provided with a plurality of channels or using a plurality of tubes which can either be placed between common spaces or collectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4337—Mixers with a diverging-converging cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/50—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle
    • B01F25/52—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle with a rotary stirrer in the recirculation tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/21—Measuring
    • B01F35/211—Measuring of the operational parameters
    • B01F35/2113—Pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/20—Measuring; Control or regulation
    • B01F35/22—Control or regulation
    • B01F35/221—Control or regulation of operational parameters, e.g. level of material in the mixer, temperature or pressure
    • B01F35/2211—Amount of delivered fluid during a period

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for generating nanobubbles of a gas in a liquid.
  • Gaseous nanobubbles are very small gas bubbles in liquids that typically have a diameter of less than 2000 nanometers.
  • Nanobubbles Contrary to microbubbles, often referred to as fine bubbles and of a diameter of less than 100 ⁇ m but larger than 2 ⁇ m, which rise and burst at the water surface and for which the buoyancy is essential for floating suspended solids to the surface, nanobubbles have remarkable stabilities, ascribed to different theories related to dissolved gas, unusual high surface tension and surface charges ( DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02489 Langmuir 2016, 32, 11086-11100 ). Nanobubbles do not float and can remain stable in liquid for a relatively long period of time.
  • Nanobubbles have known applications such as wastewater-treatment, flotation, aeration, hydroponics, drip irrigation, cleaning, disinfecting, drinking water treatment, environmental remediation and decontamination as well as uses in mining and chemical industry where reactions between gas and liquid are vital.
  • Nanobubbles can be generated by exerting shear stress in static mixers or in motor-driven generators on larger size bubbles until they become nanosized.
  • JP 2017/176924 discloses a micro-nanobubble generator mixing a gas into water supplied from a water supply port and outputting water containing gaseous micro-nanobubbles from a water output port.
  • the micro-nanobubble generator includes a first mixing chamber and a second mixing chamber disposed along a flow direction from the water supply port to the water output port. The cross section of each chamber decreases towards their respective inlet and outlet ends.
  • JP 2014231046 discloses a method of generating micro-nanobubbles comprising: a step of generating a gas-liquid two-phase swirl flow in a two-phase flow swirl-type micro-nanobubble generator; a step of releasing the gas-liquid two-phase swirl flow into an external liquid from a releasing hole of the micro-nanobubble generator; and a step of moving the discharged microbubbles in the release gas-liquid two-phase swirl flow along the outer wall surface of the micro-nanobubble generator.
  • WO 2018/081868 and WO 2017/130680 disclose generating nanobubbles with a device comprising a plurality of inner tubes which are formed each in a tubular shape extending in the longitudinal direction, and in which at least a section of each tube comprises pores, air coming into contact with the liquid in the porous section and generating air bubbles in the liquid.
  • no shear-force is generated by the pores within the fluid flowing through the different tubes.
  • the tubes themselves do not contain flow-resisting elements that create further nanobubbles.
  • Nanobubble generating has been gaining attention in research, but field results have been focused on small scale applications with relatively clean water (fish and fruit cleaning, pond purification, small agricultural uses) - large scale industrial applications are still very limited. The lack of industrial scale applications is reflected in today's offer of nanobubble generating devices.
  • the present invention provides a device for generating nanobubbles, comprising:
  • protrusions creates shear stress and helps improve the generation of nanobubbles in the fluid.
  • the protrusions of the different chambers may be the same, so as to allow fluid flowing through the different chambers to be subject to similar shear stress.
  • protrusions of at least two chambers are different and, in this way, fluid flowing through these chambers are subject to different shear stress.
  • the protrusions may be situated at a central portion of the chambers when observed along a longitudinal axis of the chamber.
  • the protrusions may be present along at least half of the length of the chamber, more preferably between 50% and 80% of the length of the chamber.
  • the protrusions may present circular symmetry around the longitudinal axis of the chamber.
  • the protrusions preferably form solid surfaces projecting inwardly towards the longitudinal axis of the chamber.
  • the shear stress induced by the protrusions on the fluid is between 30% and 80% more than the shear stress without protrusions as noted by increased pressure drop and increased dissolved oxygen measurement when using air or oxygen as a gas and water as a liquid.
  • the protrusions may have a length, when observed along a longitudinal axis of the chamber, that is preferably between 6 mm and 10 mm.
  • the protrusions preferably have a height, when measured perpendicularly to a longitudinal axis of the chamber, that is greater than 2 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 5 mm.
  • each serration may comprise an oblique side converging towards a main direction of the flow, followed by an opposite side perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the flow.
  • the oblique side preferably forms an angle of 50° with the main direction of the flow.
  • Vortex may be formed locally at the junction between two adjacent serrations.
  • the chamber may comprise between 15 to 25 serrations.
  • the protrusions may be formed integrally with the internal surface of the chamber.
  • the protrusions may be machined on the internal surface of the chamber or formed by molding.
  • the protrusions may be attached to the internal surface of the chamber.
  • the protrusions may form a monolithic element or may comprise individual protrusions arranged side by side along the longitudinal axis of the chamber.
  • the protrusions may be metallic or plastic.
  • Each chamber may be selectively closed, so that the fluid only passes through the other chambers.
  • at least some chambers are equipped with their own valve so that a variable number of chambers may be put into service.
  • at least one or each chamber is equipped with a respective flow control valve for selective control of the flow within the chamber, said valve being controlled either manually or electronically.
  • the flow may be split, after gas injection, into a variable number of chambers depending the on/off state of the flow control valves of the chambers. Controllable flow through one, several or all of these flow-chambers allows controlling the pressure-drop, the amount of nanobubbles generated and the flow rate through the device. This makes it possible to scale to high flow rates with limited yield loss.
  • the valves are preferably proportional valves.
  • the chambers are preferably positioned such that flows collected at the flow collector comes together for a swirling turbulence.
  • the chambers may have respective longitudinal axes that diverge from the longitudinal axis of the device when distance from the inlet increases.
  • the chambers have an elongated part of tubular shape.
  • the elongated part of the chambers is preferably oriented obliquely with regard to a longitudinal direction of the device.
  • the chambers preferably have outlets oriented radially inwardly through which the chambers open out into the flow collector. The flows are re-united after leaving the chambers, with swirling turbulence in the flow collector, instead of exiting the chambers with swirling turbulence.
  • turbulence is not only created within the chambers, but most importantly subsequently in the flow collector. This is advantageous because 1) it provides the opportunity to gain efficiency from multiple chamber's turbulence culmination as input at a single point 2) variable amount of chambers / shear paths / pressure configurations can be used to feed into the flow collector so as to make the generator adaptable to different circumstances 3) it is possible to vary the size of the flow collector so as to obtain different results for scaling the appliance.
  • the flow collector may have a collecting chamber into which the mixing chambers open out and an outlet channel, the collecting chamber diverging towards the outlet channel, the outlet channel converging and then optionally diverging on approaching an end of the outlet channel.
  • the outlet channel is of constant diameter.
  • the device may comprise downstream of the outlet channel of the flow collector an end nozzle.
  • the end nozzle may comprise a vortex forming element for creating a swirl flow, the vortex forming element preferably comprising at least one swirling fin.
  • the end nozzle may comprise downstream of the vortex forming element a flow breaker for creating turbulence to the swirl flow.
  • the flow breaker may comprise swirling interceptors in the form of projections on an internal surface thereof. The projections may be saw-shaped.
  • the end nozzle may comprise a vortex generator.
  • the vortex generator may comprise a main body having an upper part into which an inlet of the vortex generator radially opens.
  • the main body may further comprise a conical lower part following the upper part in a longitudinal direction of the main body.
  • An internal surface of the main body may comprise helicoidal grooves extending around the longitudinal direction of the main body so that turbulence is created in the main body.
  • a length of the mixing chambers may be greater than 20 mm, and an internal diameter of the inlet may be smaller than 60mm.
  • the number of mixing chambers may be range from 3 to 16, being preferably 4, the mixing chambers preferably being delimited at least partially by a monolithic insert having as many recesses as mixing chambers.
  • the gas injector preferably comprises a porous element positioned upstream from the mixing chambers and downstream from the inlet. This allows the gas to be transformed into micro-bubbles when being injected.
  • the gas injector may be removable.
  • the removable porous element can be removed for cleaning or replaced with minimum off-line time. This allows reduced service intervention time. It also allows reducing probability of replacing the entire device.
  • the gas injector preferably has a frustoconical shape converging opposite the flow direction for facilitating the injection of gas.
  • the gas is preferably air, oxygen, ozone, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, chlorine or a mixture of thereof.
  • the inlet of the device may be connected to a source of compressed gas, for example as an external device for gas production.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the invention also relate to a system for generating nanobubbles, comprising:
  • the recirculation loop recirculates flow taken up at the outlet channel of the flow collector.
  • the flow of liquid may range from 1 to 1000 m 3 /h, preferably from 10 m 3 /h to 200 m 3 /h.
  • the flow of gas typically set at about 15% of the liquid flow, may range from 0.1-200 m 3 /h and preferably between 1.5 and to 30 m 3 /h.
  • the method may comprise recirculating part of the flow between downstream of the mixing chamber and upstream of the gas injector.
  • the liquid may be an effluent of a plant for processing wastewater or flow that needs to be mixed with gas including wastewater containing solids.
  • An embodiment of a device 1 according to the present invention illustrated in Fig.1 to Fig 3 comprises an inlet 10 for supplying a liquid to the device 1 and a casing 20.
  • the casing 20 comprises, along a longitudinal axis X of the device 1, a first substantially cylindrical section 21 followed by a second substantially frustoconical section 22.
  • the cross-section of the second section 22 first decreases and then increases towards an outlet 14 of the device.
  • the inlet 10 and outlet 14 of the device 1 may have both a cylindrical shape of axis X.
  • the first section 21 comprises for example a monolithic insert 28 delimiting at least partially a plurality of mixing chambers 11.
  • the insert 28 has as many recesses 48 as mixing chambers 11, as illustrated in Fig.4B, 4C and 4D .
  • the device comprises four mixing chambers 11.
  • the invention is not limited to a particular number of mixing chambers, and the number of chambers may range from 3 to 16.
  • the recesses 48 are closed, on a radially outward side thereof, by removable parts 29 inserted into the recesses 48 in an airtight manner.
  • the removable parts 29 delimit, together with the insert 28, the mixing chambers 11.
  • the chambers 11 preferably have a circular cross-section along a major part of its length.
  • the insert 28 may be metallic.
  • the insert may comprise a plastic material.
  • the removable parts 29 may comprise metallic or plastic material.
  • the removable parts may comprise a window through which flow of the fluid inside a respective chamber 11 can be observed.
  • the insert 28 comprises, between a front flange 52 and a rear flange 53, a substantially frustoconical central portion 54 which diverges towards the rear flange 53.
  • the plurality of chambers 11 are arranged around the central portion 54.
  • the chambers have respective longitudinal axes Y that diverge from the longitudinal axis X of the device when distance from the inlet 10 increases.
  • the mixing chambers 11 preferably have a constant cross-section, along a major part of their length.
  • the casing 20 and the removable parts 29 further define a flow collector 19 for collecting the flows leaving the chambers 11.
  • the flow collector 19 has a collecting chamber 12 followed an outlet channel 13, arranged respectively in the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 of the casing 20.
  • the mixing chambers 11 open out into the collecting chamber 12 via outlets 30 which are oriented radially inwardly with regard to the longitudinal direction of the device 1.
  • the flow collector 19 diverges along the length of the collecting chamber 12 and then converges along a major length of the outlet channel 13.
  • the outlet channel 13 may slightly diverge on approaching the outlet 14 of the device 1.
  • the outlet channel 13 may have a constant diameter along its entire length.
  • the device also comprises a gas inlet 15, for example being connected to a source of compressed gas such as an external device for gas production 36 as illustrated in Fig.7 .
  • the device 1 comprises a gas injector 16 for injecting the gas introduced from the gas inlet 15 into the flow before it leaves the chambers 11.
  • the gas injector 16 comprises a porous injection section 61 and an inlet section 62.
  • the injection section 61 protrudes, at least partially, into the inlet 10 of the device 1.
  • the injection section 61 has a frustoconical shape so as to help separation of the fluid into the different mixing chambers 11.
  • the liquid injected through the inlet 10 is then split into a plurality of flows flowing through respective mixing chambers 11 of the device 1.
  • the inlet section 62 is received at least partially in a central hole 67 of the central portion 54.
  • the outer diameter of the inlet section 62 is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the central hole 67.
  • the inlet section 62 may not extend until a bottom 80 of the hole 67.
  • the gas injector 16 may be removable, as illustrated in Fig.10B to 10F .
  • An intermediate element 63 is disposed between the injection section 61 and the central portion 54 of the casing 20 when the inlet section 62 of the gas injector 16 is inserted into the central hole 67.
  • the intermediate element 63 has a through hole 65 which receives therein the part of the inlet section 62 not inserted into the central hole 67.
  • the through hole 65 has a diameter that is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inlet portion 62, as illustrated in Fig.10C .
  • the intermediate element 63 is sleeved onto the inlet portion 62 and can be removed from the inlet portion 62 after the latter is retreated from the central hole 67.
  • the intermediate element 63 can be fixed to the central portion 54 of the casing 20, as illustrated in Fig.18A to 18C which illustrate a process for removing and installing removable gas injector 16.
  • the inlet 10 of the device is disconnected from the front flange 52.
  • the recirculating loop 2 is disconnected at the level of the no-return valve 25.
  • the inlet 10 of the device is reconnected to the front flange 52, and the recirculating loop 2 is reconnected.
  • the bottom 80 of the central hole 67 is connected to the external device for gas production 36 via a central duct 44 formed in the casing 20.
  • the external device for gas production 36 may also comprise a gas flowmeter and control 42.
  • the outlet 14 of the device may be connected to an end nozzle 3, for example through a flexible tube 5, as illustrated in Fig.1 .
  • the flexible tube 5 may be sleeved onto the outlet 14.
  • the end nozzle 3 may be connected directly to the outlet 14.
  • the end nozzle 3 may comprise a vortex forming element 31 comprising swirling fins for increasing the nanomizing of the nanobubbles at the outlet 14 of the device and a flow breaker 32 for creating turbulence to the swirling flow.
  • the flow breaker may comprise swirling interceptors, for example in the forms of projections 93 projecting from the internal surface 83 of the flow breaker.
  • the end nozzle 3 may comprise a vortex generator as illustrated in Fig.20 .
  • the outlet 14 of the device is connected to an inlet 70 of the vortex generator, which opens radially into a main body 71 of the vortex generator.
  • the main body 71 comprises an upper part 78, followed in a longitudinal direction Z thereof, by a lower part 79 of conical shape.
  • An outlet 90 is arranged at the end of the lower part 79.
  • An internal face 73 of the main body 71 comprises grooves 73 of helicoidal shape extending around the longitudinal direction Z. Swirl is formed in the main body 73, which allows further decrease of the bubble size in the flow passing through the vortex generator.
  • An opening 76 is arranged opposite the outlet 90.
  • the opening 76 can be blocked by a simple screw.
  • the opening 76 can be used as a further gas inlet, for example of pressurized gas.
  • the inlet 10 of the device 1 is connected to a water supply 33.
  • a water flowmeter 34 may be arranged between the inlet 10 and the water supply 33 to measure the flow rate into the inlet 10.
  • Each mixing chamber 11 may be provided with a water pressure sensor 35.
  • the device may further include a water pressure control unit 39 as illustrated in Fig.8 .
  • the device 1 comprises, for each mixing chamber 11, a flow control valve 17 for selective control of the flow within the chamber 11. In this way, the number of mixing chambers 11 in operation can be adjusted by controlling the valves 17.
  • the valves 17 can be controlled manually or electronically.
  • the device 1 may be connected to a recirculation loop 2 for recirculating part of the flow taken up at the outlet channel 13 of the flow collector 19 towards the inlet 10 of the device 1.
  • the recirculating loop 2 comprises a pump 24 with a cavitation chamber 23 for generating turbulence.
  • the recirculating loop 2 may comprise a non-return valve 25 for preventing backward flow of recycled water 26.
  • a length L1 of the mixing chambers 11 along the longitudinal direction of the device is preferably greater than 20 mm.
  • a length L2 of the collecting chamber 12 is preferably greater than 5 mm.
  • a length L3 of the outlet channel 13 is preferably greater than 15 mm.
  • the length L4 of the outlet channel 13 along which it converges is preferably greater than 12 mm.
  • the ratio between L2 and L3 is between 0.25 to 0.35.
  • the ratio between L3 and L4 is between 1.18 to 1.30.
  • An internal diameter r0 of the inlet 10 is preferably smaller than 60 mm.
  • An internal diameter r3 of the outlet 14 is preferably smaller than 60 mm.
  • the collection chamber 12 preferably has a dimeter r2 smaller than 90 mm at its inlet and a diameter r3 preferably smaller than 80 mm at its outlet.
  • the angle ⁇ between the longitudinal axis X of the device 1 and the longitudinal direction Y of the chambers 11 is preferably between 4° and 8°, for example around 6°.
  • Fig.11B shows details of the chamber 11 observed from the direction S of Fig.11A , through a window 56 on the removable part 29.
  • Fig.11C shows details of the chamber 11 between the cross-sections A-A and B-B of Fig.11B .
  • the internal surface 91 of the chamber 11 comprises protrusions in the form of serrations 92 present on the internal surface 91 of the chambers. These serrations 92 induce shear forces on the flow, which travels through a shear-stress path.
  • the serrations 92 have a length l , measured in a direction of flow U, which is preferably between 7 mm and 9 mm.
  • the serrations 92 have a height h, measured perpendicularly to the direction of flow U, which is preferably between 3 mm and 4 mm.
  • Each serration 92 has an oblique surface 93 that converges in the direction of flow U and an opposite surface 94 perpendicular to the direction of flow U.
  • the size of the bubbles generated by the gas passing the chamber 11 decreases in the direction of the flow U.
  • Fig.12B and 12C show details of the flow control valve 17.
  • Fig.12B when the flow control valve 17 is open, no turbulence is created and the bubbles travelling through the valve 17 does not change in size.
  • Fig.12C When the valve 17 is semi-open as illustrated in Fig.12C , turbulence T is created locally and the bubbles travelling though the valve 17 further decrease in size after passing though the valve 17.
  • the valve 17 When the valve 17 is closed (not illustrated), no flow passes in the corresponding chamber 11.
  • Fig.13B show details of the chamber 11 at its outlet 30 where the chamber 11 opens into the collecting chamber 12. Turbulence T is created locally at the outlet 30 of the chamber 11. Thus, the size of the bubbles further decreases in the flow which turns radially inward into the collecting chamber 12.
  • Fig.14B shows details of the collecting chamber 12 and the outlet channel 13. Turbulence is created inside the collecting chamber 12, which results in the size of the bubbles to further decrease in the flow leaving the collecting chamber 12 and entering the outlet channel 13.
  • Fig.15B shows details of the vortex forming element 31.
  • the vortex forming element comprises two swirling fins 81. As shown, a swirl flow SF is generated in the flow passing though the vortex forming element 31, further reducing the size of the bubbles in the flow.
  • Fig.16B shows details of the flow breaker 32.
  • the flow breaker 32 comprises swirling interceptors in the form of parallel lines of projection 93 on an internal surface 83 of the flow breaker 32.
  • the lines of projections 93 may be saw-shaped.
  • the swirling interceptors create turbulence T to the swirl flow SF, further reducing the size of the bubbles in the flow.
  • Fig.17B shows details of the pump 24 with cavitation chamber 23 of the recirculating loop.
  • the cavitation chamber 23 is configured for creating turbulence in the flow passing through the valve 24, in order to further reduce the size of the bubbles in the flow.
  • the device may allow self-cleaning of the system through regulated increase of the pressure drop as well as control over the yield of the nanobubbles.
  • Fig.21A to 21C illustrate a process of automatic unclogging of the device by monitoring clogging related pressure, and timely activating an automatic unclogging mechanism.
  • the water pressure sensor 35 is configured, upon detection of pressure drop, to send signals to control units of the valves 17, in order to open completely the valve 17 of the clogged chamber and close completely the valves 17 of the other chambers 11. In this way, the solids will be carried by the flow through the flow collector 19 to the outlet of the device. If several chambers are simultaneously clogged, they can be unclogged one by one or simultaneously.
  • the water pressure sensor 35 is configured to send signals to control units of the valve 17, in order to set the valves 17 back into the semi-open mode.
  • the valves 17 may be controlled manually.
  • Sensors may be linked to a data-collection and control system allowing on-line monitoring of all the conditions.
  • the sensors may be configured to detect changing conditions of the flow including but not limited to solids content, salt concentration, temperature, pressure, flowrate and other external factors that can influence the nanobubble generation. Data may be collected and treated in such a way that nanobubble yield and generation is controlled in changing conditions. This allows manual intervention or telecontrol and algorithms to optimize nanobubble yield.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
EP19305708.0A 2019-06-03 2019-06-03 Dispositif et procédé de génération de nanobulles Withdrawn EP3747534A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN114195234A (zh) * 2021-12-17 2022-03-18 中山市爱德泽环保科技有限公司 量子磁微纳米气泡水发生装置

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WO2018081868A1 (fr) 2016-11-03 2018-05-11 Nano Bubble Technologies Pty Ltd Générateur de nanobulles
JP2018176148A (ja) 2017-04-14 2018-11-15 天羽 玲子 海洋面に浮遊している超微細粒子水等の成分が海水に溶解している。その自然界の仕組みを利用した。空気中にナノ微細粒子水を発生させ、その粒子を液中に加圧溶解溶存させて機能水としてなるナノバブル発生装置。
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