Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
  • B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
  • B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
  • B01D29/15—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
  • B01D29/56—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
  • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
  • B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
  • B01D29/668—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps with valves, e.g. rotating valves for coaxially placed filtering elements

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a Multi Stage Auto Self Cleaning Filter for the filtering of a liquid.
• Self-cleaning filter systems permit the cleaning of filters or filter membranes without the filters or filter membranes having to be replaced or removed from the system.
• filter systems which filter a liquid in a plurality of stages arranged vertically one above the other. These systems employ in each stage a variety of filters in order to filter out particles of differing sizes. This means that the maintenance requirement of such systems is therefore considerable, and in order to clean the system it has to be switched off, and cannot at this time filter any liquid. Since the stages are of differing design, the components are expensive and maintenance and installation work is accordingly complex. Even fluid handling in known filter systems entails a high equipment outlay.
• the problem posed for the present invention consists in creating a low- maintenance filter system which can filter particles of differing sizes, can be used in long-term operation and only entails a low equipment outlay.
• a self-cleaning filter system for the filtering of a low-viscosity liquid in particular, comprising in particular an even-numbered quantity of at least four filter modules with each module comprising at least one filter candle, an inlet area for liquid inflow into the filter elements, an outlet area for discharging the filtered liquid, a self-cleaning device and a housing holding all filter modules, wherein the filter candleshave a filtering through flow direction for filtering the liquid and a cleaning through flow direction opposite thereto, for cleaning the filter candle, wherein the self-cleaning device has a by- pass element, by means of which a delivery end of a first filter module is connectable to a delivery end of a second filter module, such that, after filtering by the first filter module, the liquid can be transferred into the second filter module and the second filter module is flowed through in cleaning through flow direction by the liquid, the self-cleaning device having an outlet element for discharging the liquid used for cleaning which is connectable to an inlet end of the second filter
• a multi-stage filter system as described above which has at its disposal a self-cleaning device, makes it possible to clean the filter modules and the filter candles comprised therein without having to fully adjust the filtering operation of the filter system. At the same time, it represents a cost- efficient and low-maintenance method of filtering particles of widely differing sizes from a liquid.
• the invention of the filter system is by preference kept as simple as possible, making it possible to avoid the duplication of components which would otherwise be necessary for each filter stage.
• the filter system in accordance with the present invention can be supplied by means of a single pump, and the self cleaning device can be controlled by a single drive unit.
• the self-cleaning device utilises the already filtered liquid to clean the filter modules and the filter candles comprised therein.
• the liquid is conducted through the filter modules in a direction opposite to the actual filtering throughflow direction used for filtering.
• the separation layers of the filter candles, on which the particles to be filtered out settle are flowed through in reverse direction. In this way, at least some of the particles are detached from the separation layer and then transported away.
• the self-cleaning device may have a drive unit for adjusting the by-pass element and the outlet element, preferably both in a single work step.
• the drive unit consists preferably of a rotary machine for generating a rotary movement, of a shaft for transmitting this rotary movement, and of a gearbox for changing the direction of rotation and/or the speed of rotation.
• the drive unit may' comprise a clutch capable of interrupting power transmission. It is also in particular preferable that the by-pass element and the outlet element are coupled, and controllable via a single drive unit.
• the rotary machine may in this case for example be a motor or a hand crank.
• the liquid When filtering the liquid, the liquid can be pumped into the inlet area by means of a pump.
• the inlet area is connected to the inlet end of all filter modules.
• the liquid In the inlet area the liquid can be distributed to the filter modules of the first filter stage.
• the first filter stage can be the filter stage which filters out the largest particles.
• the liquid By means of the feed pressure generated by the pump, the liquid can be fed to the filter stages through the filter modules. Preferably, finer particles are thereby filtered out at each further stage. After passing the last filter stage, the liquid flows as filtrate either into the outlet area, and from there continues to further utilisation, or via the by-pass element into a second row of filter modules for backwashing and cleaning.
• the filter system has three filter stages.
• the filter module search comprise one or more filter candles, where each filter candle has an inner flow channel of circular cross-section and the filter module of which it is part, is acting as an outer flow channel of preferably triangular, circular segment or circle-ring segment cross-section, both flow channels being separated by a separation layer, which is impervious to at least one constituent of the low-viscosity liquid or to particles present in the liquid.
• the described filter modules and the filter candles comprised therein are particularly well suited for modularisation of the filter stages.
• the filter candles may in particular be arranged in close parallel one to another and preferably in equal numbers within each module in a filter stage. In this way, the capacity of the filter system can be adjusted by the number of filter candles arranged in parallel to one another in a filter stage.
• the filter candles are arranged within a filter module in a way that the largest possible number of filter candles maybe placed in the filter module, while still the filter candles are spaced apart from each other in a distance that all filter candles are fully coverable by a liquid flowing through the outer flow channel of the filter module, wherein said outer flow channel is formed by the spaces between the filter candles and the housing of the filter module.
• each filter module has a generally triangular or circle segment or circular ring segment cross section.
• the filter candles can be arranged in rows, each row being aligned along a tangential or circular line with regard to a rotation axis of the by-pass element.
• a first, innermost row of the filter candles may consist of one, two or more filter candles.
• a second row further outside may consist of one more filter candle than the first row, while the second row is offset in a radial and in a circumferential direction against the first row in such a way that the filter candle(s) of the first row is (are) arranged between the filter candles of the second row, when looking in a radial direction.
• filter candle rows may follow, wherein each further filter candle row comprises one more filter candle than the preceding filter candle row. All filter candle rows are arranged in such a way that the filter candles of a row are placed in the middle between the filter candles of a following row, seen in a radial direction, and with an offset in a radial direction.
• the shortest row of filter candles in a filter module which is the most central one, has two filter candles, the second row three filter candles and the third row four filter candles.
• the separation layers may consist of wire spirals, sintered wire meshes, woven textile wire meshes and/or other filter materials. Multilayer separation layers may also be used.
• Embodiments of the described filter system are capable of filtering particulate contamination ranging from l ppm to 400 ppm.
• embodiments of the described filter elements are capable of filtering particle sizes from 6.000 pm to 10 pm.
• an individual filter module is not subjected to a liquid volume flow greater than the maximum permitted for the number of filter candles comprised therein (e. g. by using a throttle valve and/or a differential pressure control).
• the maximum liquid volume flow of a filter candle is 5 m3 per hour.
• a filter system handles a liquid volume flow of between 10 m3 per hour and 1.000 m3 per hour.
• each filter stage has an even number of filter modules.
• the by-pass element has an angle of 180° in horizontal direction. Consequently, the same two filter modules are always connectable to each other, regardless of the direction in which the flushing process occurs.
• the advantage of this embodiment consists in the simple design of the by-pass element, in a simple and symmetrical arrangement of the filter modules and in the simple control of the self-cleaning device.
• the filter stages are more or less identical to one another, so that the stages have the same measurements and the same connecting elements are usable, and that in every filter stage filter modules and in every filter module filter candles of the same geometry are usable and that the same, standardized filter elements are usable in all filter candles, the filter elements only differing in the properties of the used separation layer, e.g. the permeability.
• a modular structure of the filter system makes it possible to use standardized components and to simplify the installation, maintenance and/or replacement of components.
• the filter components and elements which are required for attachment and accommodation of the filter modules in the filter stages may be standardized.
• Replacement of the filter modules or filter candles may be undertaken to compensate for wear and tear. Also, the filter elements used in the candles may be exchanged for the purpose of modifying the filter system, for example to change the permeability of the filter.
• the filter properties of the filter system may, in accordance with the invention in its present embodiment, be modified by incorporation of filter candles with a different separation layer, which only lets through smaller or larger particles than the previously installed separation layer.
• the filter system maybe designed in such a way that all constituents and components are accessible from outside for the purposes of maintenance or refitting, without major expenditure.
• the filter modules of a filter stage may for this purpose be arranged at an adequate distance one from another.
• the filter modules should preferably be arranged in a way, that for the purposes of assembly or disassembly, a staff member is able to insert an arm in between the filter modules.
• the filter candles of a filter module may for this purpose be arranged at an adequate distance one from another.
• the filter candles should preferably be arranged in a way that, for the purposes of assembly or disassembly, a staff member is able to insert an arm in between the filter candles.
• flange- type tube sheets are arranged between the filter stages, between a filter stage and the inlet area and between a filter stage and the outlet area.
• Uniform tube sheets lower the manufacturing price and permit standardization of the filter modules and filter candles and of the push-fit or screwed connections with which the filter candles may be built into the filter modules.
• all filter stages and filter modules are operable via a common inlet area, a common outlet area, a common self-cleaning device, common pumps, a common drive system and/ or a common control system.
• various components of the filter system are used in common by all filter modules and all filter stages. These components may include the pump, the drive system, the Control unit, the inlet area, as well as the outlet area and the self-cleaning device.
• the use of common components reduces the equipment outlay and the costs.
• the filter modules of a filter stage are arranged in parallel to each other along their longitudinal axes, their longitudinal axes lying on a circular path.
• the midpoints of the filter modules lie on a circular path.
• the circular path in this case lies on a cross-sectional plane orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the filter modules and of the filter system, and thus has a horizontal extent.
• the rotary axis of the elements of the self-cleaning device, and thus of the by-pass element and outlet element form the midpoint of the circular path on which the midpoints of the filter modules are arranged.
• every two filter modules lie opposite to each other in such a way that a connecting line between the midpoints of both filter elements runs through the midpoint of the circular path.
• This embodiment has the advantage that two filter modules may in each case be mutually connected by means of the by-pass element in a particularly simple manner, and the outlet element is easily able to reach all corresponding filter modules of a first filter stage.
• Two filter stages may respectively be joined together by a flange-type tube sheet.
• Preferably two filter stages are connected to each other by the flange-type tube sheet and a cover flange, wherein the tube sheet provides a liquid passage that is connected to one of the outer flow channels of a first filter stage, while the ends of the inner flow channels of the first filter stage are sealed towards the tube sheet, and wherein a chamber element tube sheet provides one liquid passage for every filter candle of a second filter stage, in such a way that the chamber element tube sheet seals the outer flow channel of the second filter stage and that the liquid passages of the chamber element tube sheet are collectively connected to the liquid passage of the tube sheet.
• Each filter stage connects above and below either to a further filter stage, or to the inlet area, or to the outlet area.
• a tube sheet is in particular employed.
• the tube sheet has a liquid passage through which the low- viscosity liquid can be conducted.
• the tube sheet preferably also has a further passage, the shaft passage, through which a drive train for the selfcleaning device, for example a shaft, can be guided.
• the stages of the filter system may be separated by a layer assembly.
• the layer assembly may consist of one, two or three layers.
• one layer is formed by the tube sheet, a second layer can be formed by a chamber cover and the third layer can be formed by a chamber element tube sheet.
• the chamber element tube sheet can comprise several liquid passages for each filter module, preferably one for each filter candle.
• each of the said liquid passages is connected to one of the inner flow channels of the filter candles of the filter modules below the chamber element tube sheet.
• the tube sheet can comprise a liquid passage for each filter module above the tube sheet.
• one liquid passage of the tube sheet is connected to every outer flow channel of a filter module of the filter stage above the tube sheet.
• the chamber cover may connect the liquid passages of the tube sheet with the liquid passages of the chamber element tube sheet.
• the chamber cover may comprise a cavity with a preferably triangular, circular segment or a circle-ring segment cross view that covers the area above a filter module to connect all liquid passages of the chamber element tube sheet of one filter module with one liquid passage of the tube sheet.
• the cavity may therefore narrow to a tube of circular cross section.
• the inner flow channel of a filter candle which abuts on the tube sheet with its external tube wall, is closed by a filter lock, so that the low-viscosity liquid cannot enter the inner flow channel from this side.
• the filter lock has in this case a two-dimensional extent orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the filter module.
• the end of the other filter stage facing the tube sheet preferably is provided with a stage cover, which closes the outer flow channels of the filter modules of the filter stage on their end face, so that the low-viscosity liquid on this side can only flow out of the filter module through the inner flow channel.
• the stage cover may be formed as an integral part of the tube sheet.
• the filter candles are clampable to the filter stage by means of a lock nut, and in particular the filter modules are clampable to the stage cover by means of the lock nut.
• the by-pass element should be designed as a U-shaped or C- shaped tube and should be movable in such a way that each filter module of the filter stage nearest to the by-pass element is connectable to at least one further filter module of the filter module nearest to the by-pass element, so that the liquid can be conducted from the one filter module into the other filter module.
• the by-pass element is a tube which mutually connects the delivery ends of two opposite filter modules of the top filter stage, the liquid from one filter module being conducted into the other filter module.
• the by-pass element is situated in the outlet area of the filter system and is attached to a shaft which is rotationally drivable by means of a drive system. Attachment of the by-pass element to the shaft occurs preferably by means of two split pins, which are pushed respectively through holes in the shaft and through holes in attachment projections of the by-pass element above and below the connecting tube of the by-pass element.
• the tube of the by-pass element is bent in such a way that it is essentially U-shaped or C-shaped in form.
• the shaft runs parallel to the longitudinal axes of the ' filter modules.
• the by-pass element preferably mutually connects two filter modules which lie opposite each other on the circular path.
• the by-pass element is also preferably connected to the inner flow channels of both filter modules.
• a top tube sheet can be used, which is similar in design to the tube sheets which connect two filter stages one to another.
• That part of the top tube sheet adjacent to the final or top filter stage can furthermore be identical in design to the tube sheets lying between two filter stages, so that the same standardized filters can be used as in the other filter stages.
• the tube sheet between the outlet area and the top filter stage has lateral projections which are provided with holes, so that the tube sheet can be clamped to the outlet area by means of clamping elements (for example bolts, threaded rods or tie rods).
• clamping elements for example bolts, threaded rods or tie rods.
• the tube sheet between the outlet area and top filter stage and/or the outlet area can be clamped to the tube sheet between the bottom filter stage and inlet area and/or to the inlet area by means of tie rods.
• the clamping elements connecting the bottom filter stage to the inlet area may be the same tie rods which clamp the tube sheet between the outlet area and top filter stage and/or the outlet area to the tube sheet between the bottom filter stage and inlet area and/or to the inlet area, or even separate tie rods. That side of the tube sheet adjacent to the outlet area should preferably have a guideway in which the ends of the by-pass element are circularly guidable across the filter elements.
• the by-pass element should in this case preferably be held in the guideway by means of a PTFE bush, this PTFE bush having low friction resistance and low wear on movement of the by-pass element. Other seals, in particular with lower friction resistance, are usable.
• the outlet element should preferably be formed as an S-shaped tube and should be movable, so that it is connectable to an inlet end of each filter module in the bottom or first filter stage, so that the liquid can be removed from the corresponding filter module via the outlet element.
• the outlet element should be movable in such a way that it can be connected to the inlet end of a filter module, which with the aid of the by pass element can be flowed through in cleaning throughflow direction.
• the outlet element should preferably consist of a tube which is connectable to the inlet end of a filter module, so that the liquid flows from the filter module into the outlet element.
• the function of the outlet element is to lead away the low-viscosity liquid which cleans a filter element by backwashing.
• the liquid can then be conducted by means of pipes into a collecting tank, a wastewater system, a recycling system or similar, for example.
• the inlet area should preferably have a central drain opening, through which the outlet element is guided out, sealed from the inlet area, and through which the liquid can be transported away from the outlet element.
• the outlet element should preferably be attached to a shaft, which may be the same shaft as that which drives the by-pass element.
• the outlet element may be attached to this shaft with a split pin.
• the split pin may for example be guided through a hole in an outlet element projection which clasps the shaft, and through a hole in the shaft.
• the drain opening in the inlet area should preferably be arranged on the central axis of the filter system, and thus below the shaft.
• the drain opening may be designed as a drain flange, by means of which the outlet element is clampable to a further drain pipe outside the inlet area.
• the outlet element may be led through the drain opening.
• seals may be provided.
• seals with a friction resistance value should be employed.
• PTFE bushes should preferably be used.
• a bottom tube sheet can be provided between the bottom filter stage and the inlet area. It can have an essentially identical geometry than the tube sheet between the outlet area and the top filter stage. That is to say, the bottom tube sheet preferably has liquid passages and/or reception points for filter module attachment that are identical to those of a tube sheet between two filter stages. Furthermore, the tube sheet may have lateral projections with holes, so that it can be clamped to the inlet area and/or to the tube sheet between the outlet area and top filter stage and/or to the outlet area. Clamping of the tube sheet to the inlet area and/or to the tube sheet between the outlet area and top filter stage and/or to the outlet area may occur by means of either a tie rod or a similar element which can withstand tensile force.
• the bottom tube sheet has a guideway by means of which one end of the outlet element is guidable along the circular path formed by the filter modules, so that a tubular opening of the outlet element can superposed over the openings of the flow channels of the filter modules.
• the inner flow channels of that filter candles in contact with the outlet element should in this case be closed in the direction of the outlet element, whilst the outer flow channel of that filter module in contact with the outlet element should be open, so that the low- viscosity liquid can flow from the outer flow channel into the outlet element.
• a seal may also be fitted between the outlet element and the tube sheet, in which case it should have a low friction resistance value, in particular, a PTFE bush.
• the bush may also be used as a rail for keeping the outlet element in the guideway.
• the outlet element may be designed as an S- shaped tube.
• the outlet element and the by-pass element should preferably be attached to a shaft, in which case the midpoints of both tube ends of the by-pass element and the midpoint of a tube end of the outlet element are movable along a circular path of the same radius around the shaft, and an upper end of the outlet element occupies the same position in circumferential direction as an end of the by-pass element, so that, by means of a chain of several filter elements arranged vertically one on top of another, the one end of the by-pass element is connectable to the one end of the outlet element
• the number of the filter modules is equally large in each filter stage.
• the filter modules and the filter candles in each module are similarly arranged in each filter stage, so that in two filter stages lying one on top of another the filter modules and filter candles also lie precisely one on top of another.
• the filter modules lying one on top of another thus, form a chain of filter modules extending from the first to the last filter stage, as may the filter candles.
• the low-viscosity liquid may flow or be pumped from the inlet area into the outlet area, or vice-versa, via one of the chains of filter modules. Consequently, the longitudinal axes of the filter modules in a chain of filter modules all lie on one chain line.
• all chain lines should also lie on a cylindrical plane.
• both midpoints of the cross-sections of both tube ends of the by-pass element and the midpoint of a tube end of the outlet element are moved by rotation of the by-pass element and of the outlet element along the circular path.
• the by-pass element and the outlet element may be attached to a shaft, which connects these to a drive unit.
• the longitudinal axis of the shaft should preferably form the midpoint of the circular path.
• the by-pass element accordingly has a liquid-receiving tube end, through which the liquid from a delivery end of a first filter module can flow into the by-pass element, and a liquid delivery tube end, through which the liquid can flow from the by-pass element into a delivery end of a second filter module.
• the by-pass element and the outlet element may be fitted to the shaft in such a way that, during the cleaning process, the midpoint of the tube end of the outlet element lies on the same chain line of filter modules as the midpoint of the liquid-delivering tube end of the by-pass element. In that case the midpoint of the liquid-receiving tube end of the by-pass element may lie on the chain line offset by i8o° on the circular path.
• the shaft occupies the midpoint of the circular path formed by the longitudinal axes of the filter modules, such that the arrangement of the filter modules comprises an empty position at two points lying diametrically opposite each other, so that in precisely two positions, which form rest positions, the by-pass element and the outlet element are not connected to any of the filter modules.
• the empty positions are provided in order to utilise all filter modules simultaneously for filtering the liquid, without a flushing process being carried out.
• An empty position should preferably extend over the same circumferential angle along the circular path as a filter module.
• An empty position corresponds to the omission of a chain of filter modules over all filter stages, which is preferred for reasons of space requirement.
• both ends of the by-pass element and one end of the outlet element are moved into the empty positions.
• the empty positions are situated at the same angles relative to each other as the ends of the by-pass element, which in the preferred embodiment is i8o°.
• the back- flushing process is continuous, at equally timed intervals for each pair of filter modules, thus dispensing with the need for an empty position.
• the empty positions in each stage would become two additional filter modules, each comprising the same number of filter candles as contained in every module of every stage.
• the various areas of the filter system should preferably conform to the following vertical arrangement: bottom - inlet area with outlet element above this - first filter stage above this - second filter stage above this - further filter stages where required top - outlet area with by-pass element,
• the structure of the filter system described above permits operation of the filter system without further piping systems being built into the filter system, by allowing the liquid outside the filter modules to be pumped from top to bottom and vice-versa.
• the liquid is driven by the fluid pressure present in the outlet element and by the gravitational force acting in the direction opposite to the filtering direction, So that no further pump is required for operation of the cleaning function.
• the inlet area which is tillable with the liquid by means of an inlet flange and has a sealed exit for the outlet element, is essentially cylindrical in shape.
• the outlet area which has an outlet flange for transporting away the low-viscosity filtered liquid, may also be essentially cylindrical in shape.
• the liquid flows from the inner flow channel of the filter candles of the first filter module into the outer flow channel of the second filter module, in which case the inner flow channel of the filter candles of the second filter module at its delivery end and the outer flow channel of the of the first filter module at its inlet end are closed off.
• the liquid flows from the outer flow channel of the second filter module into the inner flow channel of the filter candles of the first filter module.
• a method for the operation of a self-cleaning filter system in accordance with the invention may comprise the following steps: a) Bringing or leaving the by-pass element to or in a position, in which, the by-pass element sealingly connects the ends of two filter modules one to another; b) Bringing or leaving the outlet element to or at one end of a filter module, the other end of which is connected to the by-pass element, so that the outlet element sealingly abuts on the filter module; c) Causing liquid to be flowed through at least one filter module in cleaning throughflow direction; d) Moving the by-pass element into a position in which the by-pass element is not connected to any filter module, or is connected to the nearest filter module; e) Moving the outlet element into a position in which the outlet element is not connected to any filter module, or is connected to the nearest filter module; where the movement of the by-pass element and that of the outlet element is coupled and can occur in a single work step.
• Fig. i is a vertical sectional view of a multi-stage modular filter system with self-cleaning function
• Fig. 2A is a horizontal sectional view of the outlet area, when not in the flushing state
• Fig. 2B is a horizontal sectional view of the inlet area, when not in the flushing state
• Fig. 3A is a horizontal sectional view of the outlet area, in the flushing state
• Fig. 3B is a horizontal sectional view of the inlet area, in the flushing state
• Fig. 4A is a vertical sectional view of the outlet area, with filter elements in the filtering state
• Fig. 4B is a vertical sectional view of the inlet area, with filter elements in filtering state
• Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of the transition between two filter stages, with filter elements in filtering state
• Fig. 6A is a vertical sectional view of the outlet area, with a filter module in flushing state
• Fig. 6B is a vertical sectional view of the inlet area during the flushing process
• Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view of the transition between two filter stages during the flushing process
• Fig. 8A is a detailed view of the connection between the outlet area and the highest filter stage
• Fig. 8B is a detailed view of the connection between the two filter stages
• Fig. 8C is a detailed view of the connection between the inlet area and the lowest filter stage
• Fig. 9A is a detailed representation of the top extension of the filter system
• Fig. 9B is a detailed representation of the bottom steel of the filter
• Figure 1 represents a filter system in longitudinal section.
• the filter system comprises: three filter stages 1C, 2C, 3C, each of which has a plurality of filter modules lA, 2A, 3A, six of which are respectively shown in cross section, each filter moduleiA, 2A, 3A consisting of an inner flow channel Hand an outer flow channel 25 where the inner flow channel nis separated from the outer flow channel 25by a filter candle lB, 2B, 3Bwith a separation layer and the outer flow channel 25 is outwardly restricted by an external tube wall lA, 2A, 3A; a cylindrical inlet area 7D, which has a lateral inlet flange 42A, through which a low- viscosity liquid can be pumped into the inlet area 7D; an outlet area 7Cwith a lateral outlet flange 42Band a vent 16 to prevent air lock, such that the liquid can be carried away through the lateral outlet flange 42B.
• the vent i6 is also designed as a flange; a self-cleaning device comprised of a by-pass element 26and an outlet element 29, such that the by-pass element 26 in the state as illustrated is connected to the delivery ends of two filter modules 3Aof the top filter stage 3C, and the outlet element 291s connected to an inlet end of one of the filter modules lA of the bottom filter stage 1C; a drive system 43comprising a prime mover with clutch and gearbox 3oand a shaft 32, wherein the by-pass element 26 is attached with two split pins 28Ato the shaft 32and the outlet element 291s attached with a split pin 28Bto the shaft 32; a top extension 17, which by means of a plurality of screws, two of which are illustrated, is screwed fast to the upper end of the outlet area 7C and to which the drive system 431s attached; a bottom stool 15, which is welded to the lower end of the inlet area 7D and through which a drain29is conducted, which carries away the low- vis
• the filter system is based on a bottom stool 15 which is screwed or welded on the bottom side of the inlet area 7D and provides space for a drain flange 14 which is connected to the S-shaped outlet element 29.
• the outlet element can connect a filter module lA with the drain flange 14.
• the drain flange 14 as shown in Figs. 6B and 9B is connected to the inlet area by a flange 9 and a set of bolts nuts and washers 10 since the outlet element 29 is rotatable, a seal 44 is needed that allows a rotation of the outlet element 29 relative to the inlet area 7D and the outlet flange 14.
• the seal 44 can be an EPDM gasket.
• the inlet area 7D further comprises a inlet sampling tap 19A and a handhole 41 for maintenance work.
• the first filter stage iC is mounted on top of the inlet area 7D.
• the inlet area 7D and the first filter stage iC are separated by a tube sheet 5A.
• the tube sheet 5A and the inlet area 7D are sealed against each other by an O-ring 6A and connected to each other by flange holes 33D, bolts nuts and washers 33B.
• the tube sheet 5A further comprises a passage for the shaft 32 which is sealed by a seal 20C, which can be a stuffing box to allow a rotation of the shaft 32.
• a seal 20C which can be a stuffing box to allow a rotation of the shaft 32.
• the first filter stage comprises, as all filter stages in the shown embodiment, six filter modules lA, 2A, 3A and two empty positions 35, as shown in Figs 2A, 2B, 3A and 3B. Furthermore, each filter module lA, 2A, 3A comprises eight filter candles iB, 2B, 3B.
• the filter candles lB, 2B, 3B are arranged in three rows per filter module lA, 2A, 3A, wherein the first row, which is closest to the centre of the filter system, comprises two filter candles, the second row comprises three filter candles with an offset relative to the first row and the third row comprises four filter candles with an offset to the second row.
• the filter candles 1C, 2C, 3C are locked on the downside of the filter candle with a filter lock 111. Thus, a liquid cannot enter the filter candles iC, 2C, sCfrom the bottom side but has to pass the separation layer of the filter candles.
• the first and the second filter stage iC, 2C are separated by a tube sheet 4A, a chamber cover 35A and a chamber element tube sheet 35B.
• the tube sheet 4A, the chamber cover 35A and the chamber element tube sheet 35B are clamped together with a chamber body flange 35C of the first filter stage iC with the aid of bolts, nuts and washers 34A.
• the first filter stage iC is sealed against the chamber element tube sheet 35B with two O-rings 38A and 38C and the chamber element tube sheet 35B is sealed against the cover flange 35A with two O-rings 38D and 38B.
• the tube sheet 4A is sealed against the cover flange 35A with the seal 24A and the filter stage 2A is sealed against the tube sheet 4A with a seal 23B, wherein the seals 23B and 24 A are EPDM gaskets.
• the third filter stage 3C is connected to the second filter stage 2C analogue.
• the outlet area 7C is mounted on top of the third filter stage 3C.
• the outlet area 7C and the third filter stage 3C are separated by a tube sheet 5B, a cover flange 37A and a cover element tube sheet 37B.
• the tube sheet 5B is clamped to the outlet area 7C with the aid of bolts, nuts and washers 33A and the cover flange 37A, the chamber element tube sheet 37B and the flange 37C of the third filter stage are clamped together by bolts, nuts and washers, as well.
• the tube sheet 5B also comprises a passage for the shaft 32 sealed with a seal 20B, which is a stuffing box to allow a rotation of the shaft 32.
• the filter module 3C, the cover flange 37A and the chamber element tube sheet 37B are sealed against each other by O-rings 40A, 40B, 40C and 40D, analogue to the connections between two filter stages.
• the outlet area 7C also comprises a sampling tap 19B, an outlet pressure gauge 13B and a vent 16.
• the by-pass element 26 is arranged within the outlet area 7C and sealed against the tube sheet by a gasket 24, that allows a rotation of the by-pass element 26.
• Figure 2A shows a cross section through the outlet area 7C of the filter system, which is marked Bin Fig. 1 with cross-sectional marking.
• the outlet area 7C of the filter system has, in the illustrated embodiment, eight bracing holes 362, with the aid of which the filter system is held together with tie rods 22, and an outlet flange 42B.
• All six filter modules 3Aand both empty positions 35 occupying equal portions in the circular cross section of the filter stage 3C and the housing 3A being so designed that it separates the filter modules 3A and the empty positions 35 respectively one from another, wherein the midpoints of the filter modules 3A are arranged on a circular path, such that the midpoint of the shaft 32forms the midpoint of the circular path and wherein, in the situation illustrated, the by-pass element 26, attached to the shaft 32finds itself in an empty position, so that the ends of the by-pass element 26 are not in contact with a filter module 3Aand wherein the by-pass element 26 has an angle of 180°, that is, it connects both diametrically opposite empty positions 35 to each other.
• Figure 2b represents a cross section of the inlet area 7D, which in Fig. 1 is marked Awith cross-sectional marking.
• the inlet area 7D has eight bracing holes 362 for clamping the filter system i and an inlet flange42A.
• Each of the two illustrated empty positions 35 and each of the six illustrated entrances to filter modules (lA, 2 A, 3 A), are separated by a housing.
• Figures 3a and 3b represent the same sectional views as Figures 2a and 2b, where the by-pass element 26or outlet element 42A is rotated through 45 0 , so that the ends of the by-pass element 26and the end of the outlet element 42Aare each in contact with a filter module lA, 2A, sAand so a backwash or flushing process can be carried out.
• FIG 4a represents a detailed view of the outlet area 7C from Figure 1.
• a situation is represented in which both illustrated filter modules 3A are carrying out a filtering process. Accordingly, the filtering throughflow direction II in the filter modules 3A runs from the outside inwards and from the bottom upwards.
• the liquid does not flow into the by-pass element 26, but into the outlet area 7C and from there out through the outlet flange 42B,
• the filter modules3A are here joined by clamping nuts 34A, 34B to the housing 3A and to the tube sheet 5B, so that two stage cover 37Aand/or the chambers element tube sheet 37B closes off from above the outer flow channel 25of the filter modules 3A, so that the low- viscosity liquid can only flow through the inner flow channel nupwards through the tube sheet 5B.
• seals 6B are provided between the stage cover 37A and the filter modules 3A, as well as between tube sheet sBand clamping nut 361 and between outlet element 7Cand tube sheet 5B.
• Figure 4b represents a detailed view of the inlet area 7Dof the filter system from Fig. 1, where both illustrated filter modulesiAare carrying out a filtering process, so that the filtering throughflow direction II of the low- viscosity liquid runs from the outside inwards or from the bottom upwards, in which case the inner flow channels nof the filter modules lA are closed off in downward direction by filter locks 111, so that the low- viscosity liquid flows from the inlet area 7D through the tube sheet sAinto the outer flow channel 25.
• O-rings or/and shell gaskets 23, 6A are provided between the filter modules lA and the tube sheet sAand between the inlet area 7Dand the tube sheet 5B.
• a PTFE seal 27A is situated between the outlet element29and the inlet area 7D or the flanged-mounted drain pipe 14B.
• Figs s shows detailed views of the transitions between two filter stages lA, 2A, from Fig. 1, a situation during filtering operation being illustrated, that is to say all illustrated filter modules lA, 2A are flowed through in filtering throughflow direction II.
• the low-viscosity liquid thus flows respectively from the outer flow channels 25of the lower filter modules lA, 2A,into the inner flow channels 11 of the lower filter modules lA, from the inner flow channels nof the lower filter modules lA through the tube sheet 4A, into the outer flow channels 25of the upper filter modules, 2Aand from the outer flow channels 25 of the upper filter modules lA, into the inner flow channels nof the upper filter modules 2A.
• the tube sheet chamber element 35B has respectively one bore per filter candle lB, of the filter stage lC, as a liquid passage 331, which is connected with the liquid passage 331 of the tube sheet 4B to provide a connection between the inner flow channels 11 of the filter stage 1C with the outer flow channel 25 of the filter stage 2C.
• the tube sheet 4A, 4B has a central bore as a shaft passage, through which the shaft 32 is conducted.
• Each filter module is enclosed by a housing, such that the outer flow channels 25 of the two illustrated lower filter modules iA, 2A are closed off from above by a stage cover 35A and a chamber element tube sheet 35B, which are sealed with O-rings 38A, 38B, 38C, 38D against each other and the walls of the housing, and the lower ends of the inner flow channels 11 of the upper filter modules 2Aare closed with the aid of filter locks 111.
• the upper filter modules 2A are attached by means of a push-fit system in a guideway on the upper side of the tube sheet 4A. On the underside of the tube sheet 4A the filter modules iA, 2A are clamped to the tube sheet 4Aby means of a clamping nut 34A,via the stage cover 35A.
• Figs. 6a and 6b represent a detailed view of the outlet area 7C and of the inlet area 7D during the cleaning process of a filter module lA, 3A.
• the low-viscosity liquid flows in filtering throughflow direction II from the opter flow channel 25of the first filter module 3A into the inner flow channel nof the first filter module 3A and beyond this through the liquid passage 331 of the tube sheet sBinto the by-pass element 26and through a second liquid passage 331 of the tube sheet 5B into the inner flow channel 11 of the second filter module 3A and there in cleaning throughflow direction I into the outer flow channel 25of the second filter module 3A.
• Fig. 6b the low- viscosity liquid flows through the inlet flange 42Ainto the inlet area 7Dand from there into the outer flow channel 25of a third filter module lA of the filter stage 1C, above (bottom left in Fig. 6b) and into the outer flow channels 25of the filter modules iA(not illustrated) of the bottom filter stage lC, the third filter module lAbeing arranged on the same central axis (chain line) III as the first filter module 3A (in Fig 6a).
• a fourth filter moduleiAof the lowest filter stage 1C bottom right in Fig. 6b is arranged vertically below the second filter module 3A(Fig.
• Fig. 7 shows the same detailed view as Fig. 5 and illustrates the cleaning process.
• the filter modules iA, 2A on the left side of the illustration are flowed through in filtering throughflow direction II from the outside inwards and from the bottom upwards
• the filter modules lA, 2 Aon the right side of the illustration are flowed through in cleaning throughflow direction I from the inside outwards and from the top downwards.
• Fig. 8a shows a detailed view of the top extension 7B of the filter system in Fig. 1.
• the vent i6Bof the outlet area 7C is in this case formed as a vent flange and the shaft 32 is sealed against the inlet area 7Dwith a stuffing box as seal 20A.
• the top extension 38 is formed as a truncated hollow pyramid flange-mounted to the outlet area 7C.
• Fig. 8b represents a detailed view of the bottom stool 15 of the filter system from Fig. 1.
• the bottom stool 15 here has a flange for attachment of the filter system 1 to a base or base plate and is designed as a hollow cylinder.
• a facility is provided in the bottom stool 15 for removal of the low-viscosity liquid which has been used for cleaning of the filter modules lA, 2A, 3A by means of a drain pipe 29, which is fixed with clamping nuts 33Bto the drain flange 39B on the inlet area 7D.
• drain pipe I4and outlet element 7D In the area between drain flange 39B, drain pipe I4and outlet element 7Da PTFE seal 27B is provided, which owing to its low friction resistance value allows simple rotation of the outlet element 7D.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

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• 2018
  • 2018-02-26 EP EP18895654.4A patent/EP3735309A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2018-02-26 WO PCT/IN2018/000014 patent/WO2019130328A1/en unknown

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