Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/63—Control systems
  • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
  • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
  • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
  • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
  • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
  • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
  • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
  • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
  • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
  • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
  • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
  • H01M10/625—Vehicles
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/63—Control systems
  • H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
  • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
  • H01M10/6561—Gases
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
  • H01M10/6567—Liquids
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
  • H01M10/6567—Liquids
  • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
  • H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
  • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
  • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
  • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
  • B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
  • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
  • B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
  • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
  • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
  • B60L2240/545—Temperature
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
  • B60L2240/60—Navigation input
  • B60L2240/66—Ambient conditions
  • B60L2240/662—Temperature
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
  • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a cooling system of at least one motor vehicle battery.
• the invention is particularly applicable for all electric or hybrid cars with a battery pack and an air conditioning system, and possibly a fast charging input batteries.
• US8852772 discloses a lithium ion battery cooling system for use in a hybrid vehicle.
• This system comprises a plurality of autonomous liquid cooling modules.
• Each cooling module includes a plurality of battery cells having at least one fluid channel formed therebetween.
• a dielectric fluid is disposed in at least one fluid channel. The dielectric fluid is in contact with the entire battery to heat and / or cool the entire battery.
• a heating element may be disposed in the interior space and heats the dielectric fluid.
• a cooling element is disposed in the interior space and cools the dielectric fluid.
• the present invention aims to improve the known systems.
• the subject of the invention is thus a cooling system for at least one motor vehicle battery, this system comprising:
• a closed compartment arranged to receive a battery or battery cells
• a cooling device arranged to cool the dielectric fluid, this cooling device comprising at least one channel in which a coolant fluid distinct from the dielectric fluid can circulate, this cooling device being arranged so as to allow cooling of the refrigerant, optionally parameter function, by ambient air, in particular with a radiator, or by heat exchange with a set of air conditioning, or also called air conditioning assembly, of the motor vehicle.
• the battery cells are immersed in the dielectric fluid.
• the cooling of the dielectric fluid may be a condensation of the fluid passed in the vapor phase.
• the thermal management of the cooling system makes it possible to obtain a gain in autonomy by cooling more easily with the ambient ambient air without having recourse to the air conditioning assembly,
• the cooling device is connected to a low temperature loop which comprises a heat exchanger, in particular a radiator, in which this refrigerant can circulate, the radiator being in contact with the ambient air.
• the radiator is disposed on a front face of the vehicle.
• the low temperature loop has no component to cool upstream of the cooling system of the battery.
• the cooling device is connected to a heat exchanger, in particular a cooler or cbiüer, which is connected to the air conditioning assembly so that the coolant can be cooled by heat exchange with the fluid coolant of the set of air conditioning.
• a heat exchanger in particular a cooler or cbiüer
• the coolant is a liquid, in particular a brine.
• the heat exchange can be effective, especially with respect to the blown air.
• the compartment of the battery pack is essentially filled with dielectric fluid, in liquid or gaseous phase, without substantial presence of air. Thermal exchanges are mainly provided by the dielectric fluid.
• the cooling device and the compartment form an integrated module, namely a set that can be handled as a whole, or otherwise says the cooling device and the compartment are not deported from each other .
• the heat exchange between the cooling device and the compartment can be effective and the implementation can be relatively simple. It is thus possible to avoid additional ducts between the cooling device and the compartment that is intended to receive the battery or batteries or battery cells.
• the dielectric fluid is in contact with the battery or batteries.
• the dielectric fluid is arranged in the compartment at a negative pressure at usual temperatures. (about 30 °) and, in operation of the battery, the pressure is of the order of 0.5 bar at 20 ° C.
• the compartment does not receive any electrical cooling device housed therein.
• the cooling of the dielectric fluid is ensured by the heat exchange with the coolant fluid circulating in the cooling device, without the use of a possible electric cooling device housed in the compartment, this type of device could then generate an electrical overconsumption.
• the dielectric fluid is maintained, during operation of the vehicle, at a temperature between 20 and 35 °, in particular about 30 °. This is a satisfactory compromise between the cooling potential in the ambient air and the thermal stresses imposed by the battery or cells.
• the dielectric fluid is a fluid capable of changing phase during operation, in particular the fluid has a boiling point at 30 ° under the pressure conditions in the compartment, especially at 0.5 bar.
• the cooling device comprises a condenser in contact with which the dielectric fluid, in the gas phase, can condense.
• the condenser comprises a cold plate in contact with which dielectric fluid, in gaseous phase, can condense.
• the channel in which the coolant fluid can circulate is formed on the condenser so as to cool it.
• the temperature of the refrigerant as it passes through the condenser is preferably less than 30 °.
• the system is arranged to cause the circulation of either in the radiator in contact with the ambient air or in the cooler connected to the air conditioning assembly of the vehicle according to at least one of the following parameters: the outside temperature, the temperature of the battery or batteries, the state of the vehicle represented for example by the speed of the vehicle, the charging power of the battery.
• the fluid passing through the cooling device can be provided at higher temperatures than in a conventional system (about 15-20 ° C) for example a cold plate type system that has more heat resistance. It can therefore be cooled with liquid itself cooled by air to temperatures close to 25-30 ° C. This avoids frequent use of the air conditioning assembly that consumes energy.
• the air conditioning assembly comprises:
• the invention further relates to a method of cooling at least one battery or a motor vehicle battery pack, this method comprising the following steps:
• a closed compartment arranged to receive a battery or battery cells, supplying a dielectric fluid present in the compartment so as to be able to cool the battery or the cells,
• cooling device arranged to cool the dielectric fluid, said cooling device comprising at least one channel in which a heat transfer fluid distinct from the dielectric fluid can circulate,
• the switching from one of the cooling modes to the other according to at least one of the following parameters: the external temperature, the temperature of the battery or batteries, the state of the vehicle represented for example by the speed of the vehicle, its consumption in charge or in discharge.
• Said toggling can be conditioned by comparisons of the battery temperature or the outside temperature with a target or threshold temperature.
• the method can comprise the following steps:
• the liquid valve is directed towards the low temperature radiator and the refrigerant valve towards the cooler is in the closed position
• the liquid valve is directed towards the cooler and the coolant valve towards the cooler is in the open position.
• FIG. 1 schematically and partially illustrates a cooling system according to the invention and its environment
• FIG. 2 schematically and partially illustrates the cooling system of FIG. 1,
• FIG. 3 illustrates steps of the thermal management method.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 show a cooling system 1 for a motor vehicle battery pack 2, this system comprising:
• a closed compartment 3 arranged to receive the battery cells 2,
• a cooling device 5 arranged to cool the dielectric fluid 3, this cooling device 5 having a channel 8 in which a coolant fluid, distinct from the dielectric fluid 4, can circulate, this cooling device 5 being arranged so as to allow the cooling of the refrigerant, optionally depending on parameters, by ambient air or by heat exchange with an air conditioning assembly 10, or also called air conditioning assembly, of the motor vehicle.
• the air conditioning assembly 10 may comprise, in known manner, an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, a pressure reducer and valves (not shown).
• the carrier fluid used in the air conditioning assembly 10 may be chosen from naming fluids 134a, 1234yf, or CO2.
• the battery cells 2 comprise for example a plurality of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries for use in a hybrid vehicle.
• the plurality of battery cells are Li-ion batteries for use in a battery electric vehicle.
• the cells of the battery 20 can be stacked.
• the battery cells 2 are completely immersed in the dielectric fluid 4.
• the cooling device 5 is connected to a low temperature loop 11 which comprises a heat exchanger, here a radiator 12, in which the refrigerant can circulate, the radiator being in contact with the ambient air.
• a heat exchanger here a radiator 12
• the radiator being in contact with the ambient air.
• the radiator 12 is disposed on a front face of the vehicle so as to be cooled by the outside air 14 which circulates in its contact.
• the cooling device 5 is connected to a heat exchanger, here a Chilean or Chilean cooler which is placed in the air conditioning assembly 10 so that the heat transfer fluid can be cooled by heat exchange with the radiator of the air conditioning assembly 10.
• a heat exchanger here a Chilean or Chilean cooler which is placed in the air conditioning assembly 10 so that the heat transfer fluid can be cooled by heat exchange with the radiator of the air conditioning assembly 10.
• the heat transfer fluid is a brine.
• the compartment 3 can be formed to generate a vertical flow of dielectric fluid between the cells of the pack.
• the cooling device 5 and the compartment 3 form an integrated module, namely an assembly that can be handled as a whole, or otherwise says the cooling device and the compartment are not deported. 'other.
• the heat exchange between the cooling device and the compartment can be effective and the implementation can be relatively simple.
• the cooling device 5 comprises a condenser 20 in contact with which the dielectric fluid 4, in the gas phase, can condense.
• the condenser 20 comprises a cold plate, or several surfaces, in contact with which or dielectric fluid, in the gas phase, can condense.
• the system 1 is arranged to cause the circulation of coolant fluid either in the radiator 12 in contact with the ambient air or in the cooler 15 connected to the air conditioning assembly 10 of the vehicle according to at least one of the following parameters : the outside temperature, the temperature of the battery or batteries, the state of the vehicle represented for example by the speed of the vehicle.
• a pump 30 is provided downstream of the cooling device 5 for circulating the coolant fluid in this device 5.
• a 3-way valve 31 is provided downstream of the cooling device 5 to send the refrigerant, depending on the operation, either to the cooler 15 (or chiller) is in the low temperature loop 11 (with a low temperature radiator).
• the air conditioning assembly 10 comprises:
• the branch 34 opens on a pressure reducer 36 arranged upstream of an evaporator 38.
• the other branch 35 opens onto another expander 39 which is arranged upstream of the cooler 15.
• Both regulators 36 and 39 are connected to the compressor 30.
• An additional heating element of the coolant 50 is provided between the compressor 30 and the chiller 5, which may be an electric heater or a water-cooled heat exchanger for example.
• the system 1 can cool the refrigerant, according to a cooling mode:
• step 20 by ambient air using the low temperature loop 11 and thus the radiator 12 if the ambient temperature Tamb is less than 30 ° (step 20),
• step 21 By heat exchange with the air conditioning assembly 10 of the motor vehicle if the ambient temperature Tamb is greater than about 30 ° (step 21). In this case, the air conditioning assembly 10 is running.
• a fan of the car allows the passage of air without driving.
• the ambient temperature is very low, mainly in winter, the battery will normally be at low temperature too.
• the invention implements the following steps, especially to maintain the battery temperature below 30 °.
• Step 100 Start
• Step 101 Acquiring Outside Temperature Data and Battery Cell Temperature
• Step 102 Determination if the temperature of the cells is higher than a target temperature Tcible
• Step 103 If cell temperature is not higher than target, no need for cooling
• Step 104 If the temperature of the cells is higher than the target, determining if the outside temperature is higher than a target temperature Tseuii
• Step 105 if the outside temperature is not higher than Tseuii, evacuate the calories in the low temperature radiator 12
• Step 106 the liquid valve is directed to the low temperature radiator 12 and the refrigerant valve 33 to the cooler 15 is in the closed position
• Step 107 if the outside temperature is higher than Tseuii, evacuate the calories in the cooler 15
• Step 108 The liquid valve is directed to the cooler 15 and the coolant valve 33 to the cooler 15 is in the open position.

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