EP3728996A1 - Dispositif de mesure d'au moins une vitesse de rotation d'une tête d'un utilisateur autour d'un axe - Google Patents
Dispositif de mesure d'au moins une vitesse de rotation d'une tête d'un utilisateur autour d'un axeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3728996A1 EP3728996A1 EP18833982.4A EP18833982A EP3728996A1 EP 3728996 A1 EP3728996 A1 EP 3728996A1 EP 18833982 A EP18833982 A EP 18833982A EP 3728996 A1 EP3728996 A1 EP 3728996A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- head
- user
- axis
- measuring device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C25/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
- G01C25/005—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass initial alignment, calibration or starting-up of inertial devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0176—Head mounted characterised by mechanical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/011—Arrangements for interaction with the human body, e.g. for user immersion in virtual reality
- G06F3/012—Head tracking input arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/033—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
- G06F3/0346—Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a three-dimensional [3D] space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0138—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising image capture systems, e.g. camera
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/014—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising information/image processing systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0149—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features
- G02B2027/015—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features involving arrangement aiming to get less bulky devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0149—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features
- G02B2027/0152—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features involving arrangement aiming to get lighter or better balanced devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
- G02B2027/0187—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to a device for measuring at least one rotational speed of a head about an axis.
- It relates more particularly to such a device, comprising an optical fiber gyro.
- augmented reality display for displaying, in a field of view of the user, information superimposed visually on its environment.
- a helmet or glasses for display in "virtual reality” to display, in a field of view of the user, an image of a virtual environment in which the user would move. It also applies advantageously in a helmet or glasses for display in "mixed reality” for displaying, in the user's visual environment, computer images simulating the presence of three-dimensional objects.
- US Pat. No. 4,213,185 discloses glasses comprising a gyroscope, for example a fiber optic gyroscope or a MEMS-type gyroscope (according to the acronym for "microelectromechanical System” or electromechanical microsystem). These glasses include a display device for displaying an image in "augmented reality”. The display device is configured to adjust the position of this image according to a movement of the glasses determined by the gyro.
- the space available to accommodate the display device and the gyrometer is limited.
- the gyrometer must therefore be small and if possible light. It must also have a high measurement sensitivity, to accurately measure a rotation, even slow, the head of the user.
- the fiber coil thus obtained occupies a cylindrical volume whose height is comparable to the radius, because of the large number of turns of the coil.
- one of the smaller ones comprises a fiber coil about 2 centimeters in diameter and 1 centimeter high.
- the invention proposes a device for measuring at least one rotational speed of a user's head around a measurement axis, comprising:
- an optical fiber gyroscope comprising at least one coil formed of an optical fiber wound in a ring several times around an axis of the coil to form several turns, the coil being centered on its axis, an average plane of the coil, parallel to said turns, being perpendicular to the axis of the coil, the coil axis being parallel to said measurement axis, the coil being fixed to the cap.
- a plane tangent to said ellipsoid at a point situated at the intersection between the ellipsoid and the axis of the coil is less than 20 degrees.
- the coil therefore extends substantially parallel to the plane tangent to the portion of the head of the user who is located vis-à-vis the coil.
- This arrangement of the coil promotes a support of the coil on the head of the user, and thus improves the mechanical stability of the device. It allows in particular that the coil marries the head of the user, which leads to a mechanical stability of the optimal device.
- This arrangement also makes it possible to increase an outer diameter of the fiber coil, which is interesting in terms of measurement sensitivity, without increasing the bulk of the device installed on the head of the user since the coil and the head of the user are superimposed, so to speak, to one another.
- the outer diameter of said coil is greater than 5 centimeters, or even greater than 8 centimeters.
- Such a fiber coil of large diameter, appears at first sight very bulky. But as the surface of a coil of this coil is very large, it is possible to reduce the number of turns of the coil, and therefore its height, while maintaining a high measurement sensitivity.
- Using a coil of large external diameter thus allows, while maintaining a high measurement sensitivity, to give this coil a flat shape particularly favorable in terms of size and mechanical stability of the device. Indeed, because of its size, such a coil even better suits the shape of the user's head, making only slightly protruding from the head of the user or with respect to the cap.
- its height is less than 10 millimeters, or even less than 5 millimeters.
- the height of the coil is less than one-tenth of its outer diameter.
- an internal diameter of the coil is greater than 4 centimeters.
- the coil, shaped ring then has a wide opening central, diameter greater than 4 centimeters, which can pass to part of the cap or part of the head of the user, which further reduces the size of the device, and improve the mechanical stability .
- cap designates an element or a set of elements shaped to fit at least in part said ellipsoid, capable of being applied to this ellipsoid and mechanically stable when applied thereto.
- the cap thus marries the head of the user, at least in part, and is mechanically stable when applied to the user's head (even if it is held by a fastener such as a clamp, a jugular or elastic cord).
- the cap is shaped to cover said ellipsoid so that at least a portion of the ellipsoid penetrates through said at least one coil;
- said at least one coil delimits, alone or with one or more additional coils, an aperture adapted to be traversed by at least a portion of the user's head when said cap covers the head of the user;
- an average diameter of said opening being greater than or equal to 10 centimeters
- said at least one coil is arranged so that each point of a lower face, this one a coil is located at less than 2 centimeters from the head of the user, when said headdress caps the head of the user, the face bottom of said coil being the face of this coil which is closest to the head of the user when said cap covers the head of the user;
- said at least one coil is integrated at least partially in the cap
- the gyrometer comprises an additional coil formed of an additional optical fiber wound several times around an axis of the additional coil to form several turns, an average plane of the additional coil, parallel to said turns, being perpendicular to the axis of the coil; the additional coil; an additional angle, formed between:
- the average plane of said at least one coil and the mean plane of said additional coil form a dihedral whose opening angle is greater than 90 degrees, said coils extending mainly on one and on the other of the two parts of this dihedron;
- the axis of said at least one coil is perpendicular to the axis of said additional coil
- the cap is shaped to cap the head of the user so that the average plane of said at least one coil, or the mean plane of said additional coil, forms, with the Frankfurt plane of the head of the user, an angle of inclination less than 20 degrees.
- the gyrometer comprises an additional coil formed of an additional optical fiber wound several times around an axis of the additional coil to form several turns, an average plane of the additional coil, parallel to said turns, being perpendicular to the axis of the coil; the additional coil, an additional angle, formed between the mean plane of the additional coil, and an additional plane, tangent to said ellipsoid at a point at the intersection between the ellipsoid and the axis of the additional coil, being less than 20 degrees;
- the cap is shaped to cap the head of the user so that the respective average planes of two coils, among said at least one coil, said additional coil and said additional coil, are perpendicular to the Frankfurt plane of the head of the user, and form with the sagittal plane of the user's head wedging angles of between 30 degrees and 60 degrees;
- the shape or at least one dimension of said cap may be modified reversibly
- the measuring device further comprises a calibration system, that is to say calibration of the gyrometer;
- the calibration system comprises a display device and a control unit of the display device programmed to perform the following steps:
- the measuring device further comprises an image capture device
- control unit is programmed further for:
- FIG. 1 to 3 shows schematically, in part, a measuring device according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 4 shows schematically, in part, a measuring device according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 5 schematically shows the main steps of a calibration process implemented in the measuring device of Figure 4;
- FIG. 6 shows schematically, in part, a measuring device according to a third embodiment;
- FIG. 7 to 9 show schematically, in part, a measuring device according to a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 to 12 show schematically, in part, a measuring device according to a fifth embodiment.
- Figures 1 to 11 show five embodiments of a device for measuring at least one rotational speed of a head 2 of a user around a measurement axis.
- Each of these measuring devices comprises an optical fiber gyrometer comprising at least one coil formed of an optical fiber wound in a ring several times.
- the gyroscope comprises a single fiber coil.
- the main differences between these three embodiments relate to the nature of a cap that includes the device, or the positioning of the fiber coil relative to this cap.
- the gyroscope comprises three fiber coils, which makes it possible to measure the rotational speeds of the head 2 of the user around three distinct measurement axes.
- the main differences between these two embodiments relate to the positioning of the fiber coils relative to the cap of the measuring device.
- each coil of the measuring device is located near the head of the user, when the device is in use position on the user's head).
- the coil or coils of the measuring device are each arranged so that each point of a lower face of the coil in question is located less than 2 centimeters from the head of the user, when said headdress caps the head of the user.
- the underside of the coil is the face of this coil which is closest to the user's head, when said cap covers the head of the user.
- each coil is thus arranged so that each point of the lower face of said coil is located less than 2 centimeters from this ellipsoid, when said cap (12) 42, 62, 72) cap this ellipsoid.
- the identical or corresponding elements are, as far as possible, identified by the same reference signs and are not necessarily described each time.
- FIG. 1 partially represents the measuring device 10 according to the first embodiment of the invention, in use position on the head 2 of the user, viewed from the side (the head 2 of the user is seen from the side ).
- This measuring device 10 comprises a cap, made in the form of a strip 12.
- the strip 12 may comprise:
- a semi-rigid external part for example of semi-rigid plastic material, intended to support a coil 13 of optical fiber of the gyrometer, and
- an internal part to be applied against the head 2 of the user which is more flexible, for example made of foam, to adapt to the shape of the user's head.
- This strip 12 generally has a ring shape, here in ellipse.
- the smallest inner diameter of this ring is greater than or equal to 4 centimeters, preferably greater than or equal to 10 centimeters.
- the strip 12 thus has a large central opening, of diameter at least greater than 4 centimeters (or even greater than 10 centimeters), which allows the strip 12 to be inserted on the user's head, in the manner of a greenhouse -head. A part of the head 2 of the user then passes through the ring formed by the band 12.
- This ellipsoid 20 is for example the ellipsoidal surface which, on average, closely matches the surface of the head 2 of the user between the brow bone, the occiput, the left temple and the right temple.
- the ellipsoid in question may correspond to a fixed template (independent of the user considered), the dimensions of which are representative of the average dimensions of an adult human skull (or possibly a human child skull).
- the ellipsoid may for example have: a large diameter of between 15 and 25 centimeters, and two other diameters each between 10 and 20 centimeters.
- the inner face of the strip 12 may be concave and / or inclined in the manner of a lateral truncated cone surface.
- the thickness of the strip 12, perpendicular to its inner face, is for example between 1 and 5 millimeters, while its width, parallel to its inner face, may be for example between 0.5 and 3 centimeters.
- the band 12 can be held on the head 2 by fastening means (not shown) such as a belt to pass under the chin (or chinstrap), or a hair clip.
- fastening means such as a belt to pass under the chin (or chinstrap), or a hair clip.
- the measuring device 10 also comprises a fiber optic gyroscope.
- the coil 13 of the gyrometer is formed of an optical fiber wound in a ring several times around an axis of the coil z1 to form several turns.
- the average plane of the coil P1 is parallel to these turns, and extends approximately halfway up the coil 13.
- the axis of the coil z1 is perpendicular to the mean plane of the coil P1, and passes through the center of the coil C1 ( Figure 2).
- the center of the coil C1 is the center of the circular or elliptical contour along which the fiber is wound.
- the coil 13 extends all along the circumference of the strip 12.
- the ring formed by the coil 13, and the ring formed by the strip 12 are thus almost merged here.
- the coil 13 is fixed to the strip 12. It is for example applied to the outer surface 121 of the strip 12 (and fixed to this surface by gluing). Alternatively, the coil could also be integrated in the thickness of the strip.
- the coil 13 is shown schematically in Figure 2, seen from above, and in section in Figure 3 (according to the sectional plane A-A marked in Figure 2).
- the smallest internal diameter of the coil 13 is greater than or equal to 4 centimeters, preferably greater than or equal to 10 centimeters (in other words, a cylinder of 4 or even 10 centimeters in diameter could be inserted through the ring formed by the coil 13).
- the coil thus has, as well as the strip 12, a large central opening, thanks to which the entire measuring device 10 can be plugged onto the head 2 of the user.
- the coil 13 defines a wide opening, able to be traversed by at least a portion of the ellipsoid 20 (in practice, by at least a portion of the head 2 of the user), when the cap 12 caps this ellipsoid (in practice, when the cap 12 caps the head 2 of the user).
- the opening in question is delimited here by a circular or elliptical inner edge of the coil, in this case by an inner face 131 of the coil.
- the measuring device 10 defines a free space, surrounded by the fiber coil and the cap, large enough to receive at least a portion of the head of the user. Instead of being unused, the space surrounded by the fiber is thus usefully used to house a portion of the user's head, thereby reducing the overall size of the device when worn by the user.
- the coil 13 has, on the side of its axis z1, the inner face 131 mentioned above, which surrounds this axis, and whose base is here an ellipse.
- the small diameter Dintl of this ellipse corresponds to the internal diameter of the coil mentioned above ( Figure 2).
- the small diameter Dintl of this ellipse may be equal to about 10 centimeters, the large diameter Dintl 'of this ellipse being equal to about 12 centimeters.
- the coil also has an outer diameter Dextl greater than or equal to 5 centimeters, preferably greater than or equal to 11 centimeters.
- the height h1 of the coil is also less than 5 millimeters.
- the height h1 is the dimension presented externally by the coil 13, parallel to the axis of the coil z1.
- the coil 13 can be integrated entirely in the cap, or at least be applied to the cap slightly protruding from it.
- the cross section of the coil 13 (section perpendicular to the mean line, in ellipse, along which the coil extends) may be square, the side of this section, which then corresponds to the height h1 of the coil 13, being equal to about 2.5 millimeters.
- the optical fiber of the coil has an outer diameter of 0.17 mm, 210 turns of this fiber can then be contained in the coil 13.
- the small and large diameters Dintl and Dintl 'mentioned above are respectively 10 and 12 centimeters, the total area enclosed by the optical fiber is then about 2 square meters, which leads to sufficient measurement sensitivity in practice for many applications.
- the coil 13 extends somewhat flat with respect to the portion of the head 2 located vis-à-vis the coil13.
- the entire measuring device 10 has a shape adapted to that of the ellipsoid 20, and only slightly protrudes relative to the ellipsoid.
- the measuring device 10 also comprises, in addition to the coil 13, optical and electronic components necessary for the operation of the gyrometer (not shown).
- the gyro delivers a measurement signal proportional to the rotational speed of the coil 13 about its axis z1 and / or a signal representative of an angular position of the coil about its axis z1 (obtained by integration over time of the speed of rotation of the coil about its axis z1).
- the measuring device 10 When it is installed on the head 2 of the user, the measuring device 10 thus makes it possible to measure a rotational speed of this head around a measurement axis which is parallel to the axis of the coil z1.
- FIG. 4 partially represents the measuring device 40 according to the second embodiment of the invention, in use position on the head 2 of the user, viewed from the side (the head 2 of the user is seen from the side ).
- the cap 42 of the measuring device 40 comprises an eyeglass frame 422 and a fixing strip 421 of this frame.
- the spectacle frame 422 is shaped to conform to the part of the user's face 2 that surrounds his eyes (in particular the root and the wings of the nose).
- the fastening strip 421 connects two branches of the spectacle frame 422 and is intended to pass behind the head 2.
- the cap 42 generally has the shape of a ring, whose smallest internal diameter is greater than or equal to 10 centimeters. It can thus be pressed on the user's head. In the position of use, the cap 42 encloses the head 2 of the user, marrying the ellipsoid 20 representative of this head 2.
- the fastening strip 421 is partially flexible and elastic, so that its shape and length adapt to the shape of the head of the user and his head circumference.
- the fixation strip could be flexible but inextensible, and include adjustment means, such as a loop, to adjust the length of the perimeter of the cap to the cranial perimeter of the user.
- the gyrometer of the measuring device 40 also comprises a coil 43 formed of an optical fiber wound in a ring several times around an axis of the coil z3 to form several turns.
- the coil 43 extends all along the circumference of the cap 42, and therefore has an outer diameter greater than or equal to 10 centimeters.
- the cross section of the coil 43 is square, with a side less than 5 millimeters.
- the coil 43 is fixed to the cap 42.
- the coil 43 is integral with the spectacle frame 422, but is not connected to the fastening strip over the entire length of the latter. With this arrangement, a deformation of the fastening strip (when it is adjusted to the user's head) only causes limited deformation of the coil 43.
- the internal diameter of the coil 43 is large enough so that the coil can be plugged onto the head of the user.
- the coil 43 defines an opening adapted to be traversed by at least a portion of the head of the user, when the cap 12 caps its head.
- the opening in question is delimited here also by an inner edge, circular or elliptical, of the coil.
- the average plane of the coil P4, and the axis of the coil z4 are defined in the same way as in the first embodiment described above.
- the measuring device 40 also comprises, in addition to the coil 43, a set of optical and electronic components 44 necessary for the operation of the gyro.
- the gyro delivers a measurement signal proportional to the speed of rotation of the coil 43 about its axis z4.
- the measuring device 40 When the measuring device 40 is in use position on the head 2 of the user, the average plane of the coil P4 is approximately parallel to the Frankfurt plane PF relative to the head 2 of the user. In the position of use, the measuring device 40 thus makes it possible to measure a speed of rotation of the head 2 around a measurement axis, parallel to the axis of the coil z4 which is substantially perpendicular to the Frankfurt plane relative to the head of the user, and which passes for example by the first cervical vertebrae.
- the Frankfurt plane PF is the plane passing through the lower orbital points 02 and 03 and the user's porion 01. (the porion being the point of the highest skull of the auditory canal, which corresponds to the tragedy of the ear).
- the Frankfurt PF plane is approximately horizontal.
- the glasses whose frame has been described above are equipped with a display device 450 for augmented reality, to display different elements and additional information so that they are superimposed on the environment of the user, or an image of that environment captured by a camera.
- the camera is secured to the cap 42.
- the display device 450 is controlled by an electronic control unit 451.
- the measuring device 40 comprises a calibration system 45, for re-calibrating the gyrometer once the measuring device 40 is installed on the head of the user.
- This calibration system 45 here comprises the display device 450 and the control unit 451.
- the control unit 451 is programmed to implement a first calibration method described below, whose main steps are represented on Figure 5.
- a symbol such as an arrow or a cross, is displayed at a first display position, by means of the display device 450.
- This symbol is superimposed visually, for the user, with a remarkable point of the environment, fixed and easily recognizable visually.
- the user turns his head relative to his environment. This rotation is performed in part at least around the measurement axis. Between the beginning and the end of this rotational movement, the user's head has rotated by a non-zero rotation angle (possibly a multiple of 360 degrees) around the measurement axis.
- the user can for example, while standing, make one or more turns on itself around the vertical axis, then stop.
- the user could achieve this rotational movement leaving his shoulders motionless and moving the top of his skull along an approximately horizontal circle, or along a closed curve, for example eight-shaped (this curve extending in an approximately horizontal plane).
- the control unit determines a first angle of rotation cd of the head, by temporal integration of the measurement signal delivered by the gyro.
- the first angle of rotation cd is exactly equal to the angle turned by the user's head, around the measurement axis, during the movement described above.
- the control unit determines a second display position according to the first rotation angle a1.
- the first position as the second display position are defined in a reference linked to the display device 40.
- the second display position is obtained, from the first position, by a rotation of an angle -a1 around the measurement axis (the first and second positions are angularly separated from one another, around the measurement axis, by the rotation angle determined in step E2).
- the symbol is then displayed, at the second display position.
- step E5 the control unit determines a second corrective angle of rotation a1 ', by integrating the measurement signal delivered by the gyrometer over time, throughout the rotational movement performed by the user to restore the alignment of the symbol and the remarkable point.
- the calibration coefficient of the gyrometer is corrected, as a function of the first rotation angle a1 and the second rotation angle a1 '.
- This calibration coefficient is a multiplicative coefficient applied to a raw signal produced by the gyro to obtain the measurement signal delivered by the gyro.
- the measurement signal has values equal to the rotational speed of the coil about its axis, measured by the gyro.
- the calibration coefficient is, for example, corrected by multiplying it by a first correction coefficient Ccor1, equal to the sum of the first rotation angle a1 and the second rotation angle a1 ', divided by the first rotation angle a1:
- Ccor1 (a1 + a1 ') / a1.
- this first method may either be completed or resume in step E1 to further fine-tune the calibration coefficient of the gyrometer again.
- the operations performed by the user are done at the request of the control unit 451.
- the control unit controls for example the display device 450 to display messages such as "make a turn on yourself", or "is the symbol aligned with the target?", or "turn your head to align the symbol with the target”.
- control unit 451 could be programmed to execute a second method of calibrating the gyrometer (not shown), which also makes it possible to calibrate the gyrometer (or to correct its calibration) once it is in place on the head of the user.
- the control unit invites the user to rotate his head around the measurement axis to bring the symbol, initially aligned with the first remarkable point, in alignment with the second remarkable point.
- An angle of rotation of the head, a2 is then determined by time integration of one of the measurement signals delivered by the gyro, during the time interval during which the user performs the movement just described.
- the calibration coefficient of the gyrometer is then corrected according to the measured angle of rotation a2 and the reference angle aref.
- control unit 451 could be programmed to carry out the steps of a third method of calibrating the gyrometer (not shown), which also makes it possible to calibrate the gyrometer once it is in place on the head of the gyro. 'user.
- This third method is based on a processing of at least two images captured by the camera, respectively before and after a rotational movement of the head. It comprises the steps E1 'to E4' described below.
- step E1 ' the control unit acquires a first image of the user's environment, captured by the camera.
- step E2 the user rotates his head relative to his environment, as in step E2 described above.
- the control unit determines an angle of rotation of the head, O3 G , by temporal integration of the measurement signal delivered by the gyro. This integration is performed for the time interval that begins after the capture of the first image, and ends with the capture of a second image.
- step E3 ' the control unit acquires the second image of the user's environment, captured by the camera after the user has turned his head.
- the driving unit determines, by processing the first and the second image, another angle of rotation of the head, a3c, used in a manner as a reference rotation angle.
- the control unit corrects the calibration coefficient of the gyrometer, as a function of the rotation angle O3 G and the other rotation angle a3c.
- Figure 6 partially shows the measuring device 60 according to the third embodiment of the invention, in use position on the head 2 of the user, seen from the side.
- This measuring device 60 comprises a cap, made in the form of a shell 62 which matches the ellipsoid 20 representative of the head of the user.
- this shell 62 covers the head from the top of the forehead to the occiput.
- the measuring device 60 also comprises a gyroscope which comprises a coil 63, formed of an optical fiber wound several times in a ring around an axis of the coil z6 to form several turns.
- a gyroscope which comprises a coil 63, formed of an optical fiber wound several times in a ring around an axis of the coil z6 to form several turns.
- This coil 63 forms a circular ring. It has an external diameter Dext6 greater than or equal to 5 centimeters, or even greater than or equal to 11 centimeters, and a height h6 less than one tenth of the external diameter Dext6, and in any case less than 5 millimeters.
- the coil 63 is applied to the outer surface of the shell 62 to which it is attached. Unlike the first and second embodiments described above, when this measuring device 60 is placed on the head of the user, the coil 63 does not surround the head 2 of the user.
- the average plane of the coil P6, and the axis of the coil z6 are defined in the same way as for the first embodiment.
- the coil 63 thus extends parallel to the portion of the head 2 of the user located vis-à-vis the coil. As illustrated in Figure 6, this allows the coil to bear, over its entire length, on the head of the user, thus making the measuring device extremely stable mechanically, and space-saving once installed on the head of the 'user.
- the measuring device 60 also comprises, in addition to the coil 63, optical and electronic components necessary for the operation of the gyrometer (not shown).
- FIG. 7 partially represents the measuring device 70 according to the fourth embodiment of the invention, in use position on the head 2 of the user, viewed in perspective, the user's head being viewed from three quarters .
- Figure 8 corresponds substantially to the same view of the measuring device 70 as in Figure 7, but without the head of the user.
- Figure 9 partially shows the measuring device 70, seen from the front with respect to the mean plane of a cap 72 of this device.
- This cap 72 is made in the form of a spherical cap, which here is recessed at the top.
- the inner face 722 of the cap which is inscribed on a sphere, at least partially matches the ellipsoid 20 representative of the head 2 of the user.
- the diameter of the sphere on which the inner face 722 of the cap 72 is inscribed is such that the cap is positioned around the posterior fontanel when it is applied to the head (FIG. 7).
- the cap 72 has, perpendicular to its inner face, a thickness of, for example, between 1 and 5 millimeters.
- the measuring device 70 comprises three coils 73A, 73B and 73C, each formed of an optical fiber wound in a ring several times about an axis of the coil z7A, z7B, z7C.
- Each of these coils 73A, 73B and 73C forms a circular ring, of external diameter Dext7 greater than or equal to 5 centimeters, or even greater than or equal to 11 centimeters, and a height h7 less than one tenth of the external diameter Dext7 and in any state less than 5 millimeters.
- the respective axes of the three coils z7A, z7B and z7C are directed in three different directions.
- these directions are not orthogonal two by two. For example, they can form two by two angles of 120 degrees.
- each of these coils 73A, 73B, 73C is applied to the outer face 721 of the cap 72, to which the coil is fixed (for example by gluing).
- Each coil is arranged so that its mean plane is inclined less than 20 degrees from the plane tangential to the ellipsoid at the point of intersection between the axis of the coil and the ellipsoid (for each coil, the mean plane of the coil and the axis of the coil are defined in the same way as for the first embodiment).
- Each coil therefore extends approximately parallel to the portion of the ellipsoid 20 opposite the coil, whereby the set of coils conforms to the ellipsoid 20.
- the measuring device 70 thus delimits, between the fiber coils, a free space E suitable for receiving at least a portion of the user's head (FIG. 8). Instead of being unused, the space surrounded by all the coils is thus usefully used to house part of the user's head.
- the coils 73A, 73B and 73C together define an opening capable of being traversed by at least a portion of the head 2 of the user when the cap 72 caps its head, this opening being sufficiently wide for that.
- This opening is delimited here by the outer periphery, trilobed, of the assembly constituted by the three coils 73A, 73B and 73C.
- this opening is delimited by three portions of coils, each in the form of an arc of a circle, which extend from the crossover points between coils, at the periphery of the device 70.
- the opening in question (of trilobal overall shape) has a mean diameter greater than 10 centimeters.
- the coils 73A, 73B and 73C intersect in pairs. More precisely, the two coils of each pair of coils intersect at two points (at which they are in contact). By way of example, the coils 73A and 73B intersect at the points AB and AB 'identified in FIG. 9.
- the respective average planes of the two coils P7A, P7B, P7C form a dihedron whose opening angle is greater than 90 degrees, or even greater than 110 degrees.
- the two coils in question extend mainly, respectively on one and the other of the two sides of this dihedron.
- the three coils P7A, P7B, P7C then form a kind of flattened three-sided pyramid with an apex angle greater than 90 degrees.
- This configuration makes it possible to give the measuring device 70 an overall shape that best matches that of the head 2 of the user, even when the coils have a relatively small outer diameter, for example between 5 and 11 centimeters.
- the centers of the coils are located here equidistant from each other.
- the gyroscope comprises, in addition to the three coils 73A, 73B and 73C, a set of conventional optical and electronic components for its operation (not shown).
- the gyro is thus able to determine three rotational speeds of the head, respectively around the axis of the first coil z7A, around the axis of the second coil z7B, and around the axis of the third coil z7C.
- the gyrometer is further configured to determine, from these three speeds of rotation, rotation speeds of the user's head around three other axes of measurement, orthogonal two by two, one of these other measuring axes being for example perpendicular to the Frankfurt plane relative to the head of the user.
- the gyro delivers three measurement signals, which have values equal to the three rotational speeds of the user's head respectively around these three orthogonal measurement axes.
- the measuring device 70 may comprise a calibration system (not shown), comparable to that of the measuring device 40 of the second embodiment, making it possible to calibrate the gyrometer once the measuring device 70 is in place on the user's head.
- This calibration system is more precisely configured to correct, if necessary, three gyrometer calibration coefficients associated respectively with the three orthogonal measurement axes mentioned above.
- This calibration system is configured to execute one of the three calibration methods described above during the presentation of the second embodiment.
- the calibration method in question can be executed successively three times, to correct respectively the three calibration coefficients of the gyrometer (associated with the three measurement axes).
- the user is invited to rotate his head around the vertical axis (as described above for the second embodiment of the invention).
- the control unit invites the user to rotate his head upwards or downwards around a horizontal axis, transverse to the head (for example approximately parallel to the axis passing through the two auditory ducts of the user), and no longer around a vertical axis.
- control unit invites the user to tilt his head to the left or to the right, by rotating it about a horizontal axis, approximately orthogonal to the face of the user (instead of rotating it around a vertical axis).
- FIG. 10 partially represents the measuring device 100 according to the fifth embodiment of the invention, in use position on the head 2 of the user, viewed in perspective, the user's head being viewed from three quarters .
- Figures 11 and 12 partially represent the measuring device 100, respectively viewed from above and from the side relative to the user's head.
- This measuring device 100 again includes a cap (which is not shown in the figures).
- This cap is made for example in the form of a shell, which matches the ellipsoid 20 representative of the head of the user.
- the cap is shaped to take a predetermined fixed position and orientation, relative to the head of the user, when it is placed on this head 2, as is the case for example for a bicycle or motorcycle helmet when fastened to a user's head.
- the measuring device 100 comprises three coils 103A, 103B and 103C, each formed of an optical fiber wound in a ring several times about an axis of the coil z10A, z10B, z10C to form several turns.
- Each of these coils 103A, 103B and 103C forms a circular ring, of external diameter greater than or equal to 5 centimeters, or even greater than or equal to 11 centimeters, and of height less than one-tenth of the external diameter and in any case lower at 5 millimeters.
- the respective axes of the three coils z10A, z10B and z10C are orthogonal two by two.
- the fact that the axes of the coils are orthogonal two by two improves the accuracy of measuring rotational speeds of the head around the horizontal measurement axes (z10B, z10C).
- the fact that the coils are orthogonal two by two makes it possible to minimize the influence that a deformation of the cap, or that an initial misalignment between coils (here a lack of orthogonality), could have on the accuracy of the gyrometer. More precisely, since the coils are orthogonal two by two, a variation of the orientation of one of the axes of the coils (with respect to the other axes), of a small angle Q, causes only a measurement error. reduced, proportional to Q squared (variation of the second order with respect to the alignment error Q).
- the coils 103A, 103B and 103C are attached to the cap.
- each coil 103A, 103B and 103C is arranged so that its average plane is inclined less than 20 degrees from the plane tangential to the ellipsoid at the point of intersection between the coil axis and the ellipsoid (for each coil, the mean plane of the coil and the axis of the coil are defined in the same way as for the first embodiment).
- a first of these coils, 103A is positioned with respect to the cap so that its mean plane P10A, together with the Frankfurt plane PF of the head 2 of the user, forms an inclination angle of less than 20 degrees, when the cap is placed on the user's head. As shown in the figures, the measuring device 100 is even shaped so that this angle of inclination is zero, the first coil 103a thus extending parallel to the Frankfurt plane PF.
- the axis of the first coil, z10A passes approximately through the center of the user's head, and the average plane of this coil, P10A is located slightly above the top of the user's head ( Figure 11).
- the second and third coils 103B and 103 are located respectively in the rear right and left rear part of the head 2, when the measuring device is in the position of use. Their respective average planes P10B and P10C are both perpendicular to the average plane of the first coil P10A.
- the sagittal plane PS also called vertical median plane of the head, is the plane orthogonal to the plane of Frankfurt PF which contains the mediator of the segment connecting the respective centers of the two eyes.
- the first and second calibration angles bB, bq are each between 30 degrees and 60 degrees. As shown in Figure 12, they are equal to about 45 degrees.
- the three coils 103A, 103B and 103C of the gyrometer are inscribed here respectively on the three faces of a pyramid with three faces (orthogonal two by two).
- the measuring device 100 delimits, between the coils 103A, 103B and 103C, a free space suitable for usefully receiving at least a portion of the user's head.
- This free space is of approximately pyramidal shape (FIGS. 10 to 12), the apex of the corresponding pyramid being located in the vicinity of the posterior fontanelle when the measuring device 100 is in a position of use on the head 2 of the user.
- the coils 103A, 103B and 103C together define a wide opening, able to be traversed by at least a portion of the head of the user when the cap of the device 100 caps his head .
- This opening is delimited here by the outer periphery (that is to say the farthest from the center of the free space mentioned above), sort of trilobed, of the assembly constituted by the three coils 103A, 103B and 103C.
- this opening is delimited by the three portions of coils, each in the form of a circular arc or an elliptical arc, and which each extend between two "junction" points of the coil in question.
- the junction points of the coil considered are the two points of this coil closest to the other two coils of the device.
- the aperture in question (of trilobal overall shape) has an average diameter greater than 10 centimeters.
- the measuring device 100 may comprise a calibration system comparable to, or even identical to that of the fourth embodiment.
- the cap of the measuring device can be in the form of a cap rather than in the form of goggles.
- the cap may take the form of any type of cap, commercially available (cap, helmet, hat, headband, ...), compatible with the embodiment considered.
- the first and third embodiments may, optionally, be equipped with a calibration system such as that fitted to the measuring device of the second embodiment.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Gyroscopes (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1762430A FR3075385B1 (fr) | 2017-12-19 | 2017-12-19 | Dispositif de mesure d'au moins une vitesse de rotation d'une tete d'un utilisateur autour d'un axe |
| PCT/FR2018/053404 WO2019122710A1 (fr) | 2017-12-19 | 2018-12-19 | Dispositif de mesure d'au moins une vitesse de rotation d'une tête d'un utilisateur autour d'un axe |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3728996A1 true EP3728996A1 (fr) | 2020-10-28 |
Family
ID=61258442
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18833982.4A Ceased EP3728996A1 (fr) | 2017-12-19 | 2018-12-19 | Dispositif de mesure d'au moins une vitesse de rotation d'une tête d'un utilisateur autour d'un axe |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20210116245A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3728996A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3075385B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2019122710A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20220049957A1 (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2022-02-17 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Gyroscope devices with control rotors and reaction wheels |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2409518A1 (fr) * | 1977-11-22 | 1979-06-15 | Thomson Csf | Gyrometre interferometrique a laser |
| FR2887339A1 (fr) * | 1985-03-15 | 2006-12-22 | Thales Sa | Systeme gyrometre interferometrique a laser pour le reperage d'orientation spatiale d'une direction liee a un corps, et application a un viseur de casque |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2605101B1 (fr) * | 1986-10-14 | 1988-12-09 | Thomson Csf | Interferometre en anneau a fibres optiques a trois axes |
| US5645077A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1997-07-08 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Inertial orientation tracker apparatus having automatic drift compensation for tracking human head and other similarly sized body |
| US5974593A (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 1999-11-02 | Adams Usa, Inc. | Batting helmet with circumferential elastic head band |
| US6152403A (en) * | 1998-11-11 | 2000-11-28 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Gyroscopic calibration methods for spacecraft |
| US7352471B2 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2008-04-01 | The Boeing Company | Embedded interferometric fiber optic gyroscope systems and methods |
| EP1944678B1 (fr) * | 2007-01-10 | 2018-07-18 | Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH | Étalonnage de systèmes de centrage des têtes |
| US9229227B2 (en) * | 2010-02-28 | 2016-01-05 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | See-through near-eye display glasses with a light transmissive wedge shaped illumination system |
| US8810649B2 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2014-08-19 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Navigation in buildings with rectangular floor plan |
| US9213185B1 (en) | 2012-01-06 | 2015-12-15 | Google Inc. | Display scaling based on movement of a head-mounted display |
| US20140149062A1 (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2014-05-29 | Moulishankar Chandrasekaran | Sensor calibration |
| CN204439085U (zh) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-07-01 | 重庆华渝电气集团有限公司 | 光纤陀螺仪中全脱骨架光纤环的安装结构 |
-
2017
- 2017-12-19 FR FR1762430A patent/FR3075385B1/fr active Active
-
2018
- 2018-12-19 US US16/956,223 patent/US20210116245A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-12-19 WO PCT/FR2018/053404 patent/WO2019122710A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2018-12-19 EP EP18833982.4A patent/EP3728996A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2409518A1 (fr) * | 1977-11-22 | 1979-06-15 | Thomson Csf | Gyrometre interferometrique a laser |
| FR2887339A1 (fr) * | 1985-03-15 | 2006-12-22 | Thales Sa | Systeme gyrometre interferometrique a laser pour le reperage d'orientation spatiale d'une direction liee a un corps, et application a un viseur de casque |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO2019122710A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2019122710A1 (fr) | 2019-06-27 |
| US20210116245A1 (en) | 2021-04-22 |
| FR3075385B1 (fr) | 2020-08-14 |
| FR3075385A1 (fr) | 2019-06-21 |
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