EP3719583A1 - Mechanical braking device for a clock mobile - Google Patents

Mechanical braking device for a clock mobile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3719583A1
EP3719583A1 EP19166951.4A EP19166951A EP3719583A1 EP 3719583 A1 EP3719583 A1 EP 3719583A1 EP 19166951 A EP19166951 A EP 19166951A EP 3719583 A1 EP3719583 A1 EP 3719583A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
mobile
braking
axis
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19166951.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3719583B1 (en
Inventor
Ivan Villar
Anne PHILIPPS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Original Assignee
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse filed Critical ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Priority to EP19166951.4A priority Critical patent/EP3719583B1/en
Priority to US16/815,767 priority patent/US11703803B2/en
Priority to JP2020059489A priority patent/JP6944562B2/en
Priority to CN202010259133.6A priority patent/CN111796502B/en
Publication of EP3719583A1 publication Critical patent/EP3719583A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3719583B1 publication Critical patent/EP3719583B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/021—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/021—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft
    • G04B13/022—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft with parts made of hard material, e.g. silicon, diamond, sapphire, quartz and the like
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/021—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft
    • G04B13/023—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft allowing rotational slipping when a threshold torque is exceeded
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B35/00—Adjusting the gear train, e.g. the backlash of the arbors, depth of meshing of the gears

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a clockwork mechanism comprising a supporting structure of at least a first device and / or a second device for guiding in pivoting a shaft of a moving body about an axis of rotation, and comprising at the same time at least one braking device which is separate and distant, in the direction of said axis of rotation, from any pivoting guide device that said mechanism comprises, said braking device comprising at least one braking mobile comprising at least one resilient blade arranged for exert mechanical braking support on said shaft.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece movement comprising at least one such timepiece mechanism.
  • the invention also relates to a watch comprising at least one such movement and / or at least one such clockwork mechanism.
  • the invention relates to the field of clockwork mechanisms, in particular display mechanisms.
  • Some systems already exist such as magnetic brakes, flexible teeth or springs serving as brakes. These are often chip springs (foils) or blades rubbing against the mobile, which have the drawback of inducing a large variation in friction force and therefore a variable disturbance of the rate.
  • the document EP3396470 in the name of ETA SA describes a clockwork mechanism comprising a structure in which a shaft of a moving body is pivoted, and comprising a braking device for mechanical braking at constant torque of this shaft, this braking device comprises a moving part.
  • removable brake with respect to the structure and which comprises, for its attachment to the structure, a massive rim, which carries a plurality of elastic elements, distributed regularly around a common axis around which these elastic elements each comprise a contact zone, these contact zones together defining an opening arranged to cooperate by driving and elastic clamping with the shaft, so as to make this common axis coincide with the axis of rotation of the shaft, and to apply to the shaft 'shaft a substantially constant tangential braking force.
  • the invention proposes to reduce in a simple and economical manner the angular play of the display mobile device in an untensioned gear, and to make radial introduction or extraction of a braking mobile device easy.
  • the invention relates to a timepiece mechanism according to claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece movement comprising at least one such timepiece mechanism.
  • the invention also relates to a watch comprising at least one such movement and / or at least one such clockwork mechanism.
  • the invention relates to a timepiece mechanism 1000, comprising a structure 1 carrying at least a first device 4 and / or a second device 5 for guiding in pivoting a shaft 30 of a mobile 40 around a axis of rotation D.
  • This mechanism 1000 comprises at least one braking device 100 which is separate and distant, in the direction of the axis of rotation D, from any pivoting guide device 4, 5, or the like, which the mechanism 1000 comprises.
  • This braking device 100 comprises at least one braking mobile 10, which comprises at least one elastic blade 3, 31, 32, arranged to exert mechanical braking support on the shaft 30.
  • this at least one braking mobile 10 extends substantially perpendicularly to the axis of rotation D, and is mounted prisoner between the structure 1 and a lock 6 which the mechanism 1000 comprises, and is mobile at least in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation D, relative to the structure 1 and to the shaft 30.
  • the structure 1 is conventionally carrying a first device 4 and a second device 5 for guiding the pivoting of the shaft 30 about the axis of rotation D, distinct and distant from each other. , and these two guide devices are each separate and remote from the braking device 100.
  • the structure 1 carries a first device 4 for guiding the shaft 30 in pivoting, which first guide device 4 comprises, or else a first bearing 40 of the structure 1 cooperating in a complementary manner with a first bearing 41 of the shaft 30, or a first anchor 45 carrying a first flexible guide 46 from which the shaft 30 is suspended or to which the shaft 30 is integral.
  • the structure 1 carries a second device 5 for guiding the pivoting shaft 30, which second guide device 5 comprises either a second bearing 50 of the structure 1 cooperating in such a manner. complementary with a second bearing 51 of the shaft 30, or a second anchor 55 carrying a second flexible guide 56 from which the shaft 30 is suspended or to which the shaft 30 is integral.
  • the braking mobile 10 has axial mobility, with a first axial play, in the direction of the axis of rotation D, with respect to the structure 1 and to the shaft 30.
  • the braking mobile 10 is designed to apply mechanical braking at constant torque to the shaft 30.
  • the braking mobile 10 comprises at least one anti-shock stop 22, 23, which is arranged to limit the relative travel between the braking mobile 10 and the shaft 30 in the direction of mobility DM. More particularly still, the braking mobile 10 comprises at least two anti-shock stops 22, 23, which are arranged on either side of the shaft 30, as visible on the figures. figures 2 and 3 .
  • At least one braking mobile 10 comprises two parallel blades 31, 32, straight, on either side of the shaft 30, and which exert support on the shaft 30 in mutually parallel tangent directions, and which are arranged to allow the radial insertion of the braking mobile 10 around the shaft 30. More particularly, this brake mobile 10 comprises only these two parallel blades 31, 32.
  • At least one braking mobile 10 comprises two convex blades 31, 32, each convex on the side of the shaft 30, on either side of the shaft 30, and which exert support on the shaft 30 according to tangent directions parallel to each other, and which are arranged to allow the radial insertion of the braking mobile 10 around the shaft 30. More particularly, this braking mobile 10 comprises only these two convex blades 31, 32.
  • At least one braking mobile 10 comprises a straight blade, which is opposite a convex blade, on either side of the shaft 30, and which exert support on the shaft 30 according to tangent directions parallel to each other, and which are arranged to allow the radial insertion of the braking mobile 10 around the shaft 30. More particularly, this braking mobile 10 comprises only these two blades, one straight, the other convex.
  • the braking mobile 10 comprises two elastic blades 31, 32, arranged on either side of the shaft 30 and together forming a hairpin spring comprising at least one elastic notch 39. More particularly, the first 31 of the elastic blades is substantially straight, and the second 32 comprises two notches 39 arranged to ensure friction on a part of the periphery of the shaft 30 at an angle at the center ⁇ less than 180 ° with respect to the axis of rotation D.
  • the figures 11 to 14 illustrate the stages of assembly of another variant of the brake mobile 10, this time single-blade, on a structure 1 provided with a lock 6, and through which structure 1 pivots a shaft 30, which is guided by elsewhere with guide means not shown, and that it is a question of braking.
  • the braking mobile 10 is this time single-blade, it comprises a single elastic blade 3, forming an open loop 31, one branch of which is straight, or substantially straight, on the side of the support with the shaft 30. These figures illustrate a preferred variant where this branch is straight.
  • the brake mobile 10 comprises, facing this right branch of the blade 3, a vee 33, delimited by two vertices 34, and, beyond the vee 33, a blind clearance 35, limited on the side opposite to the vee 33 by the attachment of the elastic blade 3 to the body of the braking mobile 10.
  • This clearance 35 allows the angular movement of the elastic blade 3 between a completely free position visible on the figure 12 , and a position where its distal end abuts against the body of the braking mobile 10, as visible on the figure 13 ; and this clearance 35 is further dimensioned to allow the passage of the shaft 30 in an eccentric assembly position, visible at the figure 12 , for the relative axial insertion between the brake mobile 10 and the shaft 30.
  • the elasticity of the blade 3 allows sufficient deflection to allow the crossing of a top 34 by the shaft 30, before its immobilization in the vee 33.
  • the shaft 30 bears on one side on the vee 33 delimited by its two vertices 34, and is braked on the opposite side by the single elastic blade 3, the forks 7 of the braking mobile 10 grip the lock 6 with a slight play; this lock 6 can then be turned by a quarter of a turn, to limit the axial movement of the braking unit 10 relative to the structure 1.
  • the braking mobile 10 is asymmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation D.
  • the braking mobile 1 is in one piece and made of micromachinable material.
  • the positioning lock 6 is designed to be fixed on an implantation that comprises the structure 1, by trapping the braking mobile 10, so as to allow it an axial play limited to a limited axial value, in the direction of the axis D, and / or to allow it an angular play limited to a limited angular value, in a plane perpendicular to the axis D.
  • the braking mobile 10 is not lined in the structure 1, but positioned by this lock 6, which does not block the braking mobile 10.
  • the lock 6 leaves a radial and axial degree of freedom to the braking mobile 10, so that the latter self-centers and compensates thus the geometric variations. More particularly, this lock 6 consists of a screw within reach.
  • the braking mobile 10 comprises, in a plane perpendicular to the axis D, a fork 7.
  • This fork 7 is arranged to surround a bearing surface of the lock 6 with a play corresponding to the angular value bounded.
  • An upper face of this fork 7 is arranged to cooperate in abutment bearing with at least one lower face, which a collar of the latch 6 comprises, to limit the axial travel of the braking mobile 10.
  • this collar comprises, in a first direction, a narrow part of width less than the opening of the fork 7, to allow the insertion of the brake mobile 10 on the shaft 30 near the latch 6 fixed in a first angular position of mobility, on the structure 1.
  • the collar comprises, in a second direction preferably but not limited to orthogonal to the first direction, a wide part, which is of greater width than the opening of the fork 7. This part wide carries the lower face which axially immobilizes the fork 7 in a second angular locking position of the latch 6.
  • the lock 6 can simply be driven into the implantation of the structure 1, or mounted screwed, or with a bayonet connection, or the like.
  • the axial play like the radial play, is preferably, and not limited to, between 10 and 30 micrometers, more particularly between 15 and 25 micrometers.
  • the rim of the braking mobile 10 comprises, in a plane perpendicular to the axis D, hollow clearances, diametrically opposed two by two with respect to the axis D, and which are provided for handling. of the braking mobile 10 by a robotic manipulator clamp, or for easy gripping by the tweezers of an operator.
  • the brake mobile 10 can simply be placed on a bearing surface of the structure 1, on which it is preferably held by the latch 6.
  • the rim 2 of the brake mobile 10 comprises, in a plane perpendicular to the axis D, radial stops which are arranged to cooperate in radial stop support with a recess that the structure 1 comprises, to limit the radial travel with respect to the axis of rotation D of the shaft 30. More particularly, these radial stops are alternated with all or part of the clearances, when the braking mobile 10 includes them.
  • a mobile 40 is a small seconds display mobile, the shaft of which is generally rolled and slightly conical.
  • the solution offered by the invention is well suited to this scenario, because of the moderate cost, the small size, the precision and the surface condition of the components present, and the easy assembly due to the cone of the mobile shaft.
  • the structure 1 comprises a plurality of implantations, which are arranged for the pivoting of different shafts 30 of different mobiles 40, around the same implantation, which is arranged to receive a lock 6 capable of cooperating with a brake mobile 10 arranged on any one of the shafts 30.
  • the system makes it possible to manage different small second center distances, while using the same components.
  • the rim of the braking unit 10 comprises a peripheral bearing surface which is arranged so as, in a plane perpendicular to the axis D, to cooperate with clamping with a recess that the structure 1 comprises.
  • the braking mobile 10 is in one piece and made of micromachinable material, such as silicon, DLC, or the like.
  • micromachinable material such as silicon, DLC, or the like.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece movement 200 comprising at least one such timepiece mechanism 1000.
  • a particular application of the invention relates to its application to a chronograph mechanism.
  • the invention also relates to a watch 300 comprising at least one such movement 200 and / or at least one such clockwork mechanism 1000.
  • the use of a braking mobile is particularly advantageous, because of the reproducibility of the behavior of the mobile, due to the method of manufacturing the braking mobile.
  • the variation in frictional force, unacceptable in the prior art is reduced, or even eliminated, which induces less variation in the rate.
  • the assembly of the mechanism is, moreover, extremely easy.
  • the cost of the braking device is reduced, its bulk in terms of thickness is very small, and this allows the inexpensive improvement of any existing mechanism with a loose gear and comprising a mobile, in particular a display mobile, of which stabilization is desired.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de freinage (100) par appui, distinct et distant de ses guidages, sur un arbre (30) de mobile horloger, de lames élastiques (3 ; 31 ; 32) portées par un mobile de freinage (10) prisonnier entre une structure (1) et un verrou (6) et mobile perpendiculairement à l'axe dudit arbre (30), où,- ou tous les appuis sur l'arbre (30) des lames (3) s'exercent dans un secteur angulaire unique d'angle au centre (a) inférieur à 180°,- opposée à une première lame (31) droite ou convexe freinant tangentiellement ledit arbre (30), une deuxième (32) autorise une mobilité relative entre le mobile de freinage (10) et ledit arbre (30) selon une direction de mobilité (DM), cette dernière étant :o soit similaire et sensiblement parallèle à la première lame élastique (31),o soit ondulée en épingle à cheveux à cran élastique (39) déformable perpendiculairement audit axe (D) et à la direction de mobilité (DM).Braking device (100) by pressing, separate and distant from its guides, on a shaft (30) of a watch mobile, elastic blades (3; 31; 32) carried by a brake mobile (10) trapped between a structure ( 1) and a lock (6) and movable perpendicular to the axis of said shaft (30), where - or all the supports on the shaft (30) of the blades (3) are exerted in a single angular sector of angle at the center (a) less than 180 °, - opposite a first straight or convex blade (31) tangentially braking said shaft (30), a second (32) allows relative mobility between the braking mobile (10) and said shaft (30) in a direction of mobility (DM), the latter being: o either similar and substantially parallel to the first elastic blade (31), o or wavy hairpin elastic notch (39) deformable perpendicular to said axis ( D) and the mobility directorate (DM).

Description

Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention

L'invention concerne un mécanisme d'horlogerie comportant une structure porteuse d'au moins un premier dispositif et/ou un deuxième dispositif pour le guidage en pivotement d'un arbre d'un mobile autour d'un axe de rotation, et comportant au moins un dispositif de freinage qui est distinct et distant, selon la direction dudit axe de rotation, de tout dispositif de guidage en pivotement que comporte ledit mécanisme, ledit dispositif de freinage comportant au moins un mobile de freinage comportant au moins une lame élastique agencée pour exercer un appui de freinage mécanique sur ledit arbre.The invention relates to a clockwork mechanism comprising a supporting structure of at least a first device and / or a second device for guiding in pivoting a shaft of a moving body about an axis of rotation, and comprising at the same time at least one braking device which is separate and distant, in the direction of said axis of rotation, from any pivoting guide device that said mechanism comprises, said braking device comprising at least one braking mobile comprising at least one resilient blade arranged for exert mechanical braking support on said shaft.

L'invention concerne encore un mouvement d'horlogerie comportant au moins un tel mécanisme d'horlogerie.The invention also relates to a timepiece movement comprising at least one such timepiece mechanism.

L'invention concerne encore une montre comportant au moins un tel mouvement et/ou au moins un tel mécanisme d'horlogerie.The invention also relates to a watch comprising at least one such movement and / or at least one such clockwork mechanism.

L'invention concerne le domaine des mécanismes d'horlogerie, en particulier des mécanismes d'affichage.The invention relates to the field of clockwork mechanisms, in particular display mechanisms.

Arrière-plan de l'inventionBackground of the invention

Dans un rouage non tendu, le jeu angulaire des mobiles d'affichage se traduit par un effet visuel désagréable pour l'utilisateur, appelé chevrotement, comme classiquement visible sur une aiguille d'un affichage de petite seconde à rouage non tendu.In an untensioned gear train, the angular play of the display mobiles results in an unpleasant visual effect for the user, called jerking, as conventionally visible on a hand of a small seconds display with untensioned gear.

Certains systèmes existent déjà tel que les freins magnétiques, les dentures flexibles ou les ressorts servant de frein. Ce sont souvent des ressorts chips (clinquants) ou des lames frottant sur le mobile, qui présentent l'inconvénient d'induire une grande variation de force de frottement et donc une perturbation variable de la marche.Some systems already exist such as magnetic brakes, flexible teeth or springs serving as brakes. These are often chip springs (foils) or blades rubbing against the mobile, which have the drawback of inducing a large variation in friction force and therefore a variable disturbance of the rate.

Le document EP3396470 au nom de ETA SA décrit un mécanisme d'horlogerie comportant une structure dans laquelle est pivoté un arbre d'un mobile, et comportant un dispositif de freinage pour le freinage mécanique à couple constant de cet arbre, ce dispositif de freinage comporte un mobile de freinage amovible par rapport à la structure et qui comporte, pour sa fixation à la structure, une serge massive, laquelle porte une pluralité d'éléments élastiques, répartis régulièrement autour d'un axe commun autour duquel ces éléments élastiques comportent chacun une zone de contact, ces zones de contact définissant ensemble une ouverture agencée pour coopérer par chassage et serrage élastique avec l'arbre, de façon à faire coïncider cet axe commun avec l'axe de rotation de l'arbre, et à appliquer à l'arbre un effort de freinage tangentiel sensiblement constant.The document EP3396470 in the name of ETA SA describes a clockwork mechanism comprising a structure in which a shaft of a moving body is pivoted, and comprising a braking device for mechanical braking at constant torque of this shaft, this braking device comprises a moving part. removable brake with respect to the structure and which comprises, for its attachment to the structure, a massive rim, which carries a plurality of elastic elements, distributed regularly around a common axis around which these elastic elements each comprise a contact zone, these contact zones together defining an opening arranged to cooperate by driving and elastic clamping with the shaft, so as to make this common axis coincide with the axis of rotation of the shaft, and to apply to the shaft 'shaft a substantially constant tangential braking force.

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

L'invention se propose de réduire de manière simple et économique le jeu angulaire au dispositif des mobiles d'affichage dans un rouage non tendu, et de rendre facile une introduction ou une extraction radiale d'un mobile de freinage.The invention proposes to reduce in a simple and economical manner the angular play of the display mobile device in an untensioned gear, and to make radial introduction or extraction of a braking mobile device easy.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un mécanisme d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1.To this end, the invention relates to a timepiece mechanism according to claim 1.

L'invention concerne encore un mouvement d'horlogerie comportant au moins un tel mécanisme d'horlogerie.The invention also relates to a timepiece movement comprising at least one such timepiece mechanism.

L'invention concerne encore une montre comportant au moins un tel mouvement et/ou au moins un tel mécanisme d'horlogerie.The invention also relates to a watch comprising at least one such movement and / or at least one such clockwork mechanism.

Description sommaire des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, en référence aux dessins annexés, où :

  • la figure 1 représente, de façon schématisée, et en vue en plan, une partie d'un mouvement d'horlogerie comportant un mécanisme selon l'invention, avec un dispositif de freinage qui comporte un mobile de freinage d'un arbre d'un mobile, ce mobile de freinage ayant une mobilité relative entre une structure et un verrou, à la fois selon la direction de l'axe du mobile à freiner et dans un plan perpendiculaire à cette direction ; le mobile de freinage est représenté dans une première variante comportant des bras élastiques formant ensemble un ressort en épingle à cheveux, une première lame étant sensiblement droite et tangentant le mobile à freiner, et l'autre lame comportant deux crans élastiques de part et d'autre du mobile à freiner, facilitant l'insertion ou l'extraction radiale du mobile de freinage par rapport au mobile à freiner ;
  • la figure 2 représente, de façon similaire à la figure 1, une deuxième variante du mobile de freinage, comportant deux lames droites de part et d'autre du mobile à freiner, selon des appuis tangentiels sensiblement parallèles entre eux, le mobile de freinage comportant encore des butées anti-choc de limitation de la course radiale relative entre le mobile de freinage et le mobile à freiner ;
  • la figure 3 représente le mobile de freinage de la figure 2, seul ;
  • la figure 4 représente, de façon analogue à la figure 1, une autre variante du mobile de freinage qui comporte deux lames chacune convexe du côté de l'arbre, de part et d'autre de celui-ci, qui exercent des appuis sur l'arbre selon des directions tangentes parallèles entre elles, et qui sont agencées pour autoriser l'insertion radiale du mobile de freinage autour de l'arbre ;
  • la figure 5 représente, de façon analogue à la figure 1, une autre variante du mobile de freinage qui comporte une lame unique avec une portée en secteur cylindrique creux, qui s'étend sur un secteur angulaire inférieur à 180° par rapport à l'axe du mobile à freiner ;
  • la figure 6 représente, de façon analogue à la figure 5, une autre variante du mobile de freinage qui comporte, en plus de la lame avec une portée en secteur cylindrique creux de la figure 5, une autre lame en appui, l'ensemble des lames s'étendant sur un secteur angulaire inférieur à 180° par rapport à l'axe du mobile à freiner ;
  • la figure 7 représente, de façon schématisée, et en vue en plan, en superposition les deux positions d'insertion et de service, et montre la mise en coopération d'une partie étroite du verrou de limitation au travers d'une ouverture d'une fourche que comporte le mobile de freinage ;
  • la figure 8 représente, de façon analogue à la figure 1, encore une autre variante du mobile de freinage, pivoté par une goupille sur la structure porteuse et toujours limité dans son débattement par un tel verrou, et comportant deux lames à corps sensiblement spiral et dont les extrémités sont droites de part et d'autre du mobile à freiner, selon des appuis tangentiels sensiblement parallèles entre eux ;
  • la figure 9 représente, de façon schématisée, et coupe passant par l'axe du mobile à freiner, le mécanisme selon l'invention dans une réalisation avec des pivots traditionnels ;
  • la figure 10 représente, de façon schématisée, et coupe passant par l'axe du mobile à freiner, le mécanisme selon l'invention dans une réalisation avec des pivots flexibles, et où la structure porteuse peut être monobloc avec le mobile à freiner ;
  • les figures 11 à 14 représentent, de façon schématisée, et en vue en plan, les étapes d'assemblage d'une autre variante de mobile de freinage, cette fois mono-lame, sur une structure munie d'un verrou, et au travers de laquelle pivote un arbre, qui est guidé par ailleurs avec des moyens de guidage non représentés, et qu'il s'agit de freiner :
  • la figure 11 montre le mobile de freinage à l'état libre, à côté de la structure ;
  • la figure 12 montre l'insertion de l'arbre dans un dégagement du mobile de freinage ;
  • la figure 13 montre l'appui de la lame élastique unique sur l'arbre, lequel est en appui diamétral sur un sommet d'un vé que comporte le mobile de freinage face à la lame élastique ;
  • la figure 14 montre la position de service atteinte après le franchissement de ce sommet, l'arbre porte d'un côté sur le vé délimité par deux sommets, et est freiné du côté opposé par la lame élastique unique, les fourches du mobile de freinage enserrent le verrou avec un léger jeu ; ce verrou peut ensuite être tourné d'un quart de tour, pour limiter le débattement axial du mobile de freinage ;
  • la figure 15 est un schéma-blocs représentant une montre comportant un mouvement avec un tel mécanisme.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the appended drawings, where:
  • the figure 1 represents, schematically, and in plan view, a part of a clockwork movement comprising a mechanism according to the invention, with a braking device which comprises a mobile braking of a shaft of a mobile, this braking mobile having relative mobility between a structure and a lock, both in the direction of the axis of the mobile to be braked and in a plane perpendicular to this direction; the brake mobile is shown in a first variant comprising elastic arms together forming a hairpin spring, a first blade being substantially straight and tangent to the mobile to be braked, and the other blade comprising two elastic notches on both sides another of the mobile to be braked, facilitating the radial insertion or extraction of the braking mobile relative to the mobile to be braked;
  • the figure 2 represents, similarly to the figure 1 , a second variant of the braking mobile, comprising two straight blades on either side of the mobile to be braked, according to tangential supports that are substantially parallel to each other, the braking mobile further comprising anti-shock stops for limiting the radial travel relative between the braking mobile and the mobile to be braked;
  • the figure 3 represents the braking unit of the figure 2 , only ;
  • the figure 4 represents, similarly to the figure 1 , another variant of the braking unit which comprises two blades each convex on the side of the shaft, on either side of the latter, which exert support on the shaft in tangent directions parallel to each other, and which are arranged to allow the radial insertion of the braking mobile around the shaft;
  • the figure 5 represents, similarly to the figure 1 , another variant of the braking mobile which comprises a single blade with a bearing surface in a hollow cylindrical sector, which extends over an angular sector less than 180 ° with respect to the axis of the mobile to be braked;
  • the figure 6 represents, similarly to the figure 5 , another variant of the braking unit which comprises, in addition to the blade with a bearing in the hollow cylindrical sector of the figure 5 , another blade in support, the set of blades extending over an angular sector less than 180 ° relative to the axis of the mobile to be braked;
  • the figure 7 represents, schematically, and in plan view, in superposition the two positions of insertion and service, and shows the cooperation of a narrow part of the limitation lock through an opening of a fork that comprises the braking unit;
  • the figure 8 represents, similarly to the figure 1 , yet another variant of the braking mobile, pivoted by a pin on the supporting structure and always limited in its movement by such a lock, and comprising two blades with a substantially spiral body and the ends of which are straight on either side of the mobile to be braked, according to tangential supports that are substantially parallel to each other;
  • the figure 9 represents, schematically, and section passing through the axis of the mobile to be braked, the mechanism according to the invention in an embodiment with traditional pivots;
  • the figure 10 represents, schematically, and section passing through the axis of the mobile to be braked, the mechanism according to the invention in an embodiment with flexible pivots, and where the supporting structure can be in one piece with the mobile to be braked;
  • the figures 11 to 14 represent, schematically, and in plan view, the assembly steps of another variant of braking mobile, this time single-blade, on a structure provided with a lock, and through which a shaft pivots , which is also guided with guide means not shown, and which it is a question of braking:
  • the figure 11 shows the braking unit in the free state, next to the structure;
  • the figure 12 shows the insertion of the shaft in a clearance of the braking mobile;
  • the figure 13 shows the support of the single elastic blade on the shaft, which bears diametrically on a top of a vee that the braking unit comprises facing the elastic blade;
  • the figure 14 shows the service position reached after crossing this peak, the shaft bears on one side on the vee delimited by two peaks, and is braked on the opposite side by the single elastic blade, the forks of the braking unit grip the lock with a slight play; this lock can then be turned by a quarter of a turn, to limit the axial movement of the braking unit;
  • the figure 15 is a block diagram showing a watch comprising a movement with such a mechanism.

Description détaillée des modes de réalisation préférésDetailed description of the preferred embodiments

L'invention concerne un mécanisme d'horlogerie 1000, comportant une structure 1 porteuse d'au moins un premier dispositif 4 et/ou un deuxième dispositif 5 pour le guidage en pivotement d'un arbre 30 d'un mobile 40 autour d'un axe de rotation D.The invention relates to a timepiece mechanism 1000, comprising a structure 1 carrying at least a first device 4 and / or a second device 5 for guiding in pivoting a shaft 30 of a mobile 40 around a axis of rotation D.

Ce mécanisme 1000 comporte au moins un dispositif de freinage 100 qui est distinct et distant, selon la direction de l'axe de rotation D, de tout dispositif de guidage en pivotement 4, 5, ou autre, que comporte le mécanisme 1000.This mechanism 1000 comprises at least one braking device 100 which is separate and distant, in the direction of the axis of rotation D, from any pivoting guide device 4, 5, or the like, which the mechanism 1000 comprises.

Ce dispositif de freinage 100 comporte au moins un mobile de freinage 10, lequel comporte au moins une lame élastique 3, 31, 32, agencée pour exercer un appui de freinage mécanique sur l'arbre 30.This braking device 100 comprises at least one braking mobile 10, which comprises at least one elastic blade 3, 31, 32, arranged to exert mechanical braking support on the shaft 30.

Selon l'invention, cet au moins un mobile de freinage 10 s'étend sensiblement perpendiculairement à l'axe de rotation D, et est monté prisonnier entre la structure 1 et un verrou 6 que comporte le mécanisme 1000, et est mobile au moins dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation D, par rapport à la structure 1 et à l'arbre 30.According to the invention, this at least one braking mobile 10 extends substantially perpendicularly to the axis of rotation D, and is mounted prisoner between the structure 1 and a lock 6 which the mechanism 1000 comprises, and is mobile at least in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation D, relative to the structure 1 and to the shaft 30.

Et l'agencement de la lame 3, 31, 32, si elle est unique comme sur la figure 5, ou l'agencement relatif des différentes lames 3, 31, 32, quand le mobile de freinage 10 en comporte plusieurs comme dans les variantes préférées illustrées par les autres figures, est tel que :

  • ou bien tous les appuis sur l'arbre 30 de toutes les lames élastiques 3, 31, 32, que comporte le mobile de freinage 10 s'exercent dans un secteur angulaire unique selon un angle au centre α inférieur à 180° par rapport à l'axe de rotation D, de façon à autoriser une mobilité relative entre le mobile de freinage 10 et l'arbre 30 selon une direction de mobilité incluse dans le secteur angulaire ;
  • ou bien le mobile de freinage 10 comporte une première lame élastique 31 droite ou convexe agencée pour freiner tangentiellement l'arbre 30 et dont la direction définit une direction de mobilité DM perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation D, et, du côté opposé à la première lame élastique 31 par rapport à l'axe de rotation D, au moins une deuxième lame élastique 32 qui est agencée pour autoriser une mobilité relative entre le mobile de freinage 10 et l'arbre 30 selon la direction de mobilité DM, la deuxième lame élastique 32 étant :
  • soit unique, et droite ou convexe, et agencée pour freiner tangentiellement l'arbre 30 sensiblement parallèlement à la première lame élastique 31, c'est-à-dire selon une direction parallèle à la direction de tangence de la première lame élastique 31 ;
  • soit ondulée à la façon d'une épingle à cheveux et comportant au moins un cran élastique 39 déformable selon une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe de rotation D et à la direction de mobilité DM.
And the arrangement of the blade 3, 31, 32, if it is unique as on the figure 5 , or the relative arrangement of the different blades 3, 31, 32, when the braking mobile 10 comprises several as in the preferred variants illustrated by the other figures, is such that:
  • or else all the supports on the shaft 30 of all the elastic blades 3, 31, 32, which the braking unit 10 comprises, are exerted in a single angular sector at an angle at the center α less than 180 ° with respect to the axis of rotation D, so as to allow relative mobility between the braking mobile 10 and the shaft 30 in a direction of mobility included in the angular sector;
  • or else the braking mobile 10 comprises a first straight or convex elastic blade 31 arranged to tangentially brake the shaft 30 and whose direction defines a direction of mobility DM perpendicular to the axis of rotation D, and, on the side opposite to the first elastic blade 31 relative to the axis of rotation D, at least one second elastic blade 32 which is arranged to allow relative mobility between the braking mobile 10 and the shaft 30 in the direction of mobility DM, the second blade elastic 32 being:
  • either single, and straight or convex, and arranged to tangentially brake the shaft 30 substantially parallel to the first elastic blade 31, that is to say in a direction parallel to the direction of tangency of the first elastic blade 31;
  • or wavy in the manner of a hairpin and comprising at least one elastic notch 39 deformable in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation D and to the direction of mobility DM.

Plus particulièrement, la structure 1 est classiquement porteuse d'un premier dispositif 4 et d'un deuxième dispositif 5 de guidage en pivotement de l'arbre 30 autour de l'axe de rotation D, distincts et distants l'un de l'autre, et ces deux dispositifs de guidage sont chacun distinct et distant du dispositif de freinage 100.More particularly, the structure 1 is conventionally carrying a first device 4 and a second device 5 for guiding the pivoting of the shaft 30 about the axis of rotation D, distinct and distant from each other. , and these two guide devices are each separate and remote from the braking device 100.

Plus particulièrement, la structure 1 est porteuse d'un premier dispositif 4 de guidage en pivotement de l'arbre 30, lequel premier dispositif 4 de guidage comporte, ou bien un premier coussinet 40 de la structure 1 coopérant de façon complémentaire avec un premier palier 41 de l'arbre 30, ou bien un premier ancrage 45 porteur d'un premier guidage flexible 46 auquel est suspendu l'arbre 30 ou dont est solidaire l'arbre 30.More particularly, the structure 1 carries a first device 4 for guiding the shaft 30 in pivoting, which first guide device 4 comprises, or else a first bearing 40 of the structure 1 cooperating in a complementary manner with a first bearing 41 of the shaft 30, or a first anchor 45 carrying a first flexible guide 46 from which the shaft 30 is suspended or to which the shaft 30 is integral.

Plus particulièrement, la structure 1 est porteuse d'un deuxième dispositif 5 de guidage en pivotement de l'arbre 30, lequel deuxième dispositif 5 de guidage comporte, ou bien un deuxième coussinet 50 de la structure 1 coopérant de façon complémentaire avec un deuxième palier 51 de l'arbre 30, ou bien un deuxième ancrage 55 porteur d'un deuxième guidage flexible 56 auquel est suspendu l'arbre 30 ou dont est solidaire l'arbre 30.More particularly, the structure 1 carries a second device 5 for guiding the pivoting shaft 30, which second guide device 5 comprises either a second bearing 50 of the structure 1 cooperating in such a manner. complementary with a second bearing 51 of the shaft 30, or a second anchor 55 carrying a second flexible guide 56 from which the shaft 30 is suspended or to which the shaft 30 is integral.

Plus particulièrement, le mobile de freinage 10 a une mobilité axiale, avec un premier jeu axial, selon la direction de l'axe de rotation D, par rapport à la structure 1 et à l'arbre 30.More particularly, the braking mobile 10 has axial mobility, with a first axial play, in the direction of the axis of rotation D, with respect to the structure 1 and to the shaft 30.

Plus particulièrement, le mobile de freinage 10 est agencé pour appliquer un freinage mécanique à couple constant sur l'arbre 30.More particularly, the braking mobile 10 is designed to apply mechanical braking at constant torque to the shaft 30.

Plus particulièrement, le mobile de freinage 10 comporte au moins une butée anti-choc 22, 23, qui est agencée pour limiter la course relative entre le mobile de freinage 10 et l'arbre 30 selon la direction de mobilité DM. Plus particulièrement encore, le mobile de freinage 10 comporte au moins deux butées anti-choc 22, 23, qui sont disposées de part et d'autre de l'arbre 30, tel que visible sur les figures 2 et 3.More particularly, the braking mobile 10 comprises at least one anti-shock stop 22, 23, which is arranged to limit the relative travel between the braking mobile 10 and the shaft 30 in the direction of mobility DM. More particularly still, the braking mobile 10 comprises at least two anti-shock stops 22, 23, which are arranged on either side of the shaft 30, as visible on the figures. figures 2 and 3 .

Plus particulièrement, et tel que visible sur les figures 2, 3, et 8, au moins un mobile de freinage 10 comporte deux lames parallèles 31, 32, droites, de part et d'autre de l'arbre 30, et qui exercent des appuis sur l'arbre 30 selon des directions tangentes parallèles entre elles, et qui sont agencées pour autoriser l'insertion radiale du mobile de freinage 10 autour de l'arbre 30. Plus particulièrement, ce mobile de freinage 10 ne comporte que ces deux lames parallèles 31, 32.More particularly, and as visible on the figures 2 , 3 , and 8 , at least one braking mobile 10 comprises two parallel blades 31, 32, straight, on either side of the shaft 30, and which exert support on the shaft 30 in mutually parallel tangent directions, and which are arranged to allow the radial insertion of the braking mobile 10 around the shaft 30. More particularly, this brake mobile 10 comprises only these two parallel blades 31, 32.

Plus particulièrement, et tel que visible sur la figure 4, au moins un mobile de freinage 10 comporte deux lames convexes 31, 32, chacune convexe du côté de l'arbre 30, de part et d'autre de l'arbre 30, et qui exercent des appuis sur l'arbre 30 selon des directions tangentes parallèles entre elles, et qui sont agencées pour autoriser l'insertion radiale du mobile de freinage 10 autour de l'arbre 30. Plus particulièrement, ce mobile de freinage 10 ne comporte que ces deux lames convexes 31, 32.More particularly, and as visible on the figure 4 , at least one braking mobile 10 comprises two convex blades 31, 32, each convex on the side of the shaft 30, on either side of the shaft 30, and which exert support on the shaft 30 according to tangent directions parallel to each other, and which are arranged to allow the radial insertion of the braking mobile 10 around the shaft 30. More particularly, this braking mobile 10 comprises only these two convex blades 31, 32.

Dans une autre variante non illustrée, au moins un mobile de freinage 10 comporte une lame droite, qui est opposée à une lame convexe, de part et d'autre de l'arbre 30, et qui exercent des appuis sur l'arbre 30 selon des directions tangentes parallèles entre elles, et qui sont agencées pour autoriser l'insertion radiale du mobile de freinage 10 autour de l'arbre 30. Plus particulièrement, ce mobile de freinage 10 ne comporte que ces deux lames, l'une droite, l'autre convexe.In another variant not shown, at least one braking mobile 10 comprises a straight blade, which is opposite a convex blade, on either side of the shaft 30, and which exert support on the shaft 30 according to tangent directions parallel to each other, and which are arranged to allow the radial insertion of the braking mobile 10 around the shaft 30. More particularly, this braking mobile 10 comprises only these two blades, one straight, the other convex.

Plus particulièrement, le mobile de freinage 10 comporte deux lames élastiques 31, 32, agencées de part et d'autre de l'arbre 30 et formant ensemble un ressort en épingle à cheveux comportant au moins un cran 39 élastique. Plus particulièrement, la première 31 des lames élastiques est sensiblement droite, et la deuxième 32 comporte deux crans 39 agencés pour assurer un frottement sur une partie de la périphérie de l'arbre 30 selon un angle au centre α inférieur à 180° par rapport à l'axe de rotation D.More particularly, the braking mobile 10 comprises two elastic blades 31, 32, arranged on either side of the shaft 30 and together forming a hairpin spring comprising at least one elastic notch 39. More particularly, the first 31 of the elastic blades is substantially straight, and the second 32 comprises two notches 39 arranged to ensure friction on a part of the periphery of the shaft 30 at an angle at the center α less than 180 ° with respect to the axis of rotation D.

Les figures 11 à 14 illustrent les étapes d'assemblage d'une autre variante de mobile de freinage 10, cette fois mono-lame, sur une structure 1 munie d'un verrou 6, et au travers de laquelle structure 1 pivote un arbre 30, qui est guidé par ailleurs avec des moyens de guidage non représentés, et qu'il s'agit de freiner. Le mobile de freinage 10 est cette fois mono-lame, il comporte une lame élastique 3 unique, formant une boucle ouverte 31, dont une branche est rectiligne, ou sensiblement rectiligne, du côté de l'appui avec l'arbre 30. Ces figures illustrent une variante préférée où cette branche est droite. Le mobile de freinage 10 comporte, face à la cette branche droite de la lame 3, un vé 33, délimité par deux sommets 34, et, au-delà du vé 33, un dégagement borgne 35, limité du côté opposé au vé 33 par l'attache de la lame élastique 3 sur le corps du mobile de freinage 10. Ce dégagement 35 autorise le débattement angulaire de la lame élastique 3 entre une position entièrement libre visible sur la figure 12, et une position où son extrémité distale vient en butée contre sur le corps du mobile de freinage 10, tel que visible sur la figure 13 ; et ce dégagement 35 est encore dimensionné pour autoriser le passage de l'arbre 30 dans une position excentrée d'assemblage, visible à la figure 12, pour l'insertion axiale relative entre le mobile de freinage 10 et l'arbre 30. L'élasticité de la lame 3 permet un fléchissement suffisant pour permettre le franchissement d'un sommet 34 par l'arbre 30, avant son immobilisation dans le vé 33. Dans la position de service de la figure 14, l'arbre 30 porte d'un côté sur le vé 33 délimité par ses deux sommets 34, et est freiné du côté opposé par la lame élastique unique 3, les fourches 7 du mobile de freinage 10 enserrent le verrou 6avec un léger jeu; ce verrou 6 peut ensuite être tourné d'un quart de tour, pour limiter le débattement axial du mobile de freinage 10 par rapport à la structure 1.The figures 11 to 14 illustrate the stages of assembly of another variant of the brake mobile 10, this time single-blade, on a structure 1 provided with a lock 6, and through which structure 1 pivots a shaft 30, which is guided by elsewhere with guide means not shown, and that it is a question of braking. The braking mobile 10 is this time single-blade, it comprises a single elastic blade 3, forming an open loop 31, one branch of which is straight, or substantially straight, on the side of the support with the shaft 30. These figures illustrate a preferred variant where this branch is straight. The brake mobile 10 comprises, facing this right branch of the blade 3, a vee 33, delimited by two vertices 34, and, beyond the vee 33, a blind clearance 35, limited on the side opposite to the vee 33 by the attachment of the elastic blade 3 to the body of the braking mobile 10. This clearance 35 allows the angular movement of the elastic blade 3 between a completely free position visible on the figure 12 , and a position where its distal end abuts against the body of the braking mobile 10, as visible on the figure 13 ; and this clearance 35 is further dimensioned to allow the passage of the shaft 30 in an eccentric assembly position, visible at the figure 12 , for the relative axial insertion between the brake mobile 10 and the shaft 30. The elasticity of the blade 3 allows sufficient deflection to allow the crossing of a top 34 by the shaft 30, before its immobilization in the vee 33. In the service position of the figure 14 , the shaft 30 bears on one side on the vee 33 delimited by its two vertices 34, and is braked on the opposite side by the single elastic blade 3, the forks 7 of the braking mobile 10 grip the lock 6 with a slight play; this lock 6 can then be turned by a quarter of a turn, to limit the axial movement of the braking unit 10 relative to the structure 1.

Plus particulièrement, le mobile de freinage 10 est asymétrique par rapport à l'axe de rotation D.More particularly, the braking mobile 10 is asymmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation D.

Plus particulièrement, le mobile de freinage 1 est monobloc et en matériau micro-usinable.More particularly, the braking mobile 1 is in one piece and made of micromachinable material.

En ce qui concerne le verrou 6 de positionnement, celui-ci est agencé pour être fixé sur une implantation que comporte la structure 1, en emprisonnant le mobile de freinage 10, de façon à lui permettre un jeu axial limité à une valeur axiale bornée, selon la direction de l'axe D, et/ou à lui permettre un jeu angulaire limité à une valeur angulaire bornée, dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe D. Ainsi, le mobile de freinage 10 n'est pas garni dans la structure 1, mais positionné par ce verrou 6, lequel ne bloque pas le mobile de freinage 10. Le verrou 6 laisse un degré de liberté radial et axial au mobile de freinage 10, de sorte à que celui-ci s'auto-centre et compense ainsi les variations géométriques. Plus particulièrement, ce verrou 6 est constitué par une vis à portée.As regards the positioning lock 6, the latter is designed to be fixed on an implantation that comprises the structure 1, by trapping the braking mobile 10, so as to allow it an axial play limited to a limited axial value, in the direction of the axis D, and / or to allow it an angular play limited to a limited angular value, in a plane perpendicular to the axis D. Thus, the braking mobile 10 is not lined in the structure 1, but positioned by this lock 6, which does not block the braking mobile 10. The lock 6 leaves a radial and axial degree of freedom to the braking mobile 10, so that the latter self-centers and compensates thus the geometric variations. More particularly, this lock 6 consists of a screw within reach.

Dans une variante particulière illustrée par les figures, le mobile de freinage 10 comporte, dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe D, une fourche 7. Cette fourche 7 est agencée pour entourer une portée du verrou 6 avec un jeu correspondant à la valeur angulaire bornée. Une face supérieure de cette fourche 7 est agencée pour coopérer en appui de butée avec au moins une face inférieure, que comporte une collerette du verrou 6, pour limiter la course axiale du mobile de freinage 10.In a particular variant illustrated by the figures, the braking mobile 10 comprises, in a plane perpendicular to the axis D, a fork 7. This fork 7 is arranged to surround a bearing surface of the lock 6 with a play corresponding to the angular value bounded. An upper face of this fork 7 is arranged to cooperate in abutment bearing with at least one lower face, which a collar of the latch 6 comprises, to limit the axial travel of the braking mobile 10.

Plus particulièrement, cette collerette comporte, selon une première direction, une partie étroite de largeur inférieure à l'ouverture de la fourche 7, pour permettre l'insertion du mobile de freinage 10 sur l'arbre 30 à proximité du verrou 6 fixé dans une première position angulaire de mobilité, sur la structure 1. La collerette comporte, selon une deuxième direction de préférence mais non limitativement orthogonale à la première direction, une partie large, qui est de largeur supérieure à l'ouverture de la fourche 7. Cette partie large porte la face inférieure qui immobilise axialement la fourche 7 dans une deuxième position angulaire de verrouillage du verrou 6.More particularly, this collar comprises, in a first direction, a narrow part of width less than the opening of the fork 7, to allow the insertion of the brake mobile 10 on the shaft 30 near the latch 6 fixed in a first angular position of mobility, on the structure 1. The collar comprises, in a second direction preferably but not limited to orthogonal to the first direction, a wide part, which is of greater width than the opening of the fork 7. This part wide carries the lower face which axially immobilizes the fork 7 in a second angular locking position of the latch 6.

Le verrou 6 peut être simplement chassé dans l'implantation de la structure 1, ou monté vissé, ou avec une liaison à baïonnette, ou autre. Le jeu axial, comme le jeu radial, est de préférence, et non limitativement, compris entre 10 et 30 micromètres, plus particulièrement entre 15 et 25 micromètres.The lock 6 can simply be driven into the implantation of the structure 1, or mounted screwed, or with a bayonet connection, or the like. The axial play, like the radial play, is preferably, and not limited to, between 10 and 30 micrometers, more particularly between 15 and 25 micrometers.

Dans une variante particulière, la serge du mobile de freinage 10 comporte, dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe D, des dégagements creux, diamétralement opposés deux à deux par rapport à l'axe D, et qui sont prévus pour la manutention du mobile de freinage 10 par une pince de manipulateur robotisé, ou encore pour une préhension facile par les brucelles d'un opérateur.In a particular variant, the rim of the braking mobile 10 comprises, in a plane perpendicular to the axis D, hollow clearances, diametrically opposed two by two with respect to the axis D, and which are provided for handling. of the braking mobile 10 by a robotic manipulator clamp, or for easy gripping by the tweezers of an operator.

Le mobile de freinage 10 peut être simplement posé sur une surface d'appui de la structure 1, sur laquelle il est de préférence maintenu par le verrou 6. Dans une variante particulière, la serge 2 du mobile de freinage 10 comporte, dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe D, des butées radiales qui sont agencées pour coopérer en appui de butée radial avec un chambrage que comporte la structure 1, pour limiter la course radiale par rapport à l'axe de rotation D de l'arbre 30. Plus particulièrement, ces butées radiales sont alternées avec tout ou partie des dégagements, quand le mobile de freinage 10 en comporte.The brake mobile 10 can simply be placed on a bearing surface of the structure 1, on which it is preferably held by the latch 6. In a particular variant, the rim 2 of the brake mobile 10 comprises, in a plane perpendicular to the axis D, radial stops which are arranged to cooperate in radial stop support with a recess that the structure 1 comprises, to limit the radial travel with respect to the axis of rotation D of the shaft 30. More particularly, these radial stops are alternated with all or part of the clearances, when the braking mobile 10 includes them.

Dans une application particulière de ce mécanisme d'horlogerie 100, un mobile 40 est un mobile d'affichage de petite seconde, dont l'arbre est en général roulé et légèrement conique. La solution offerte par l'invention est bien adaptée à ce cas de figure, en raison du coût modéré, du faible encombrement, de la précision et de l'état de surface des composants en présence, et du montage aisé en raison du cône de l'arbre du mobile.In a particular application of this clockwork mechanism 100, a mobile 40 is a small seconds display mobile, the shaft of which is generally rolled and slightly conical. The solution offered by the invention is well suited to this scenario, because of the moderate cost, the small size, the precision and the surface condition of the components present, and the easy assembly due to the cone of the mobile shaft.

Dans une autre variante, la structure 1 comporte une pluralité d'implantations, qui sont agencées pour le pivotement de différents arbres 30 de mobiles 40 différents, autour d'une même implantation, laquelle est agencée pour recevoir un verrou 6 apte à coopérer avec un mobile de freinage 10 agencé sur l'un quelconque des arbres 30. Ainsi, par exemple, le système permet de gérer des entraxes différents de petite seconde, tout en utilisant les mêmes composants.In another variant, the structure 1 comprises a plurality of implantations, which are arranged for the pivoting of different shafts 30 of different mobiles 40, around the same implantation, which is arranged to receive a lock 6 capable of cooperating with a brake mobile 10 arranged on any one of the shafts 30. Thus, for example, the system makes it possible to manage different small second center distances, while using the same components.

Dans une autre variante encore, la serge du mobile de freinage 10 comporte une portée périphérique qui est agencée pour, dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe D, coopérer avec serrage avec un chambrage que comporte la structure 1.In yet another variant, the rim of the braking unit 10 comprises a peripheral bearing surface which is arranged so as, in a plane perpendicular to the axis D, to cooperate with clamping with a recess that the structure 1 comprises.

Dans une exécution particulière, le mobile de freinage 10 est monobloc et en matériau micro-usinable, tel que silicium, DLC, ou autre. La fabrication par un procédé lithographique ou similaire garantit une grande précision géométrique, et un bon état de surface et qui est surtout répétitif.In a particular embodiment, the braking mobile 10 is in one piece and made of micromachinable material, such as silicon, DLC, or the like. The manufacture by a lithographic or similar process guarantees high geometric precision, and a good surface condition, which is above all repetitive.

L'invention concerne encore un mouvement d'horlogerie 200 comportant au moins un tel mécanisme d'horlogerie 1000.The invention also relates to a timepiece movement 200 comprising at least one such timepiece mechanism 1000.

Une application particulière de l'invention concerne son application à un mécanisme de chronographe.A particular application of the invention relates to its application to a chronograph mechanism.

L'invention concerne encore une montre 300 comportant au moins un tel mouvement 200 et/ou au moins un tel mécanisme d'horlogerie 1000.The invention also relates to a watch 300 comprising at least one such movement 200 and / or at least one such clockwork mechanism 1000.

En somme, l'utilisation d'un mobile de freinage, tel que décrit ci-dessus, est particulièrement avantageuse, en raison de la reproductibilité du comportement du mobile, due au procédé de fabrication du mobile de freinage. La variation de force de frottement, rédhibitoire dans l'art antérieur, est réduite, voire éliminée, ce qui induit une variation moindre de la marche. L'assemblage du mécanisme est, de surcroît, extrêmement facile. Enfin, le coût du dispositif de freinage est réduit, son encombrement en épaisseur est très faible, et ceci autorise l'amélioration à peu de frais de tout mécanisme existant à rouage non tenu et comportant un mobile, notamment un mobile d'affichage, dont la stabilisation est souhaitée.In short, the use of a braking mobile, as described above, is particularly advantageous, because of the reproducibility of the behavior of the mobile, due to the method of manufacturing the braking mobile. The variation in frictional force, unacceptable in the prior art, is reduced, or even eliminated, which induces less variation in the rate. The assembly of the mechanism is, moreover, extremely easy. Finally, the cost of the braking device is reduced, its bulk in terms of thickness is very small, and this allows the inexpensive improvement of any existing mechanism with a loose gear and comprising a mobile, in particular a display mobile, of which stabilization is desired.

Claims (18)

Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) comportant une structure (1) porteuse d'au moins un premier dispositif (4) et/ou un deuxième dispositif (5) pour le guidage en pivotement d'un arbre (30) d'un mobile (40) autour d'un axe de rotation (D), et comportant au moins un dispositif de freinage (100) qui est distinct et distant, selon la direction dudit axe de rotation (D), de tout dispositif de guidage en pivotement (4 ; 5) que comporte ledit mécanisme (1000), ledit dispositif de freinage (100) comportant au moins un mobile de freinage (10) comportant au moins une lame élastique (3 ; 31 ; 32) agencée pour exercer un appui de freinage mécanique sur ledit arbre (30), caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un dit mobile de freinage (10) s'étend sensiblement perpendiculairement audit axe de rotation (D), et est monté prisonnier entre ladite structure (1) et un verrou (6) que comporte ledit mécanisme (1000) et est mobile au moins dans un plan perpendiculaire audit axe de rotation (D), par rapport à ladite structure (1) et audit arbre (30), et en ce que, - ou bien tous les appuis sur ledit arbre (30) de toutes les dites lames élastiques (3 ; 31 ; 32) que comporte ledit mobile de freinage (10) s'exercent dans un secteur angulaire unique selon un angle au centre (a) inférieur à 180° par rapport audit axe de rotation (D), de façon à autoriser une mobilité relative entre ledit mobile de freinage (10) et ledit arbre (30) selon une direction de mobilité incluse dans ledit secteur angulaire, - ou bien ledit mobile de freinage (10) comporte une première lame élastique (31) droite ou convexe agencée pour freiner tangentiellement ledit arbre (30) et dont la direction définit une direction de mobilité (DM) perpendiculaire audit axe de rotation (D), et, du côté opposé à ladite première lame élastique (31) par rapport audit axe de rotation (D), au moins une deuxième lame élastique (32) qui est agencée pour autoriser une mobilité relative entre ledit mobile de freinage (10) et ledit arbre (30) selon ladite direction de mobilité (DM), ladite deuxième lame élastique (32) étant : ∘ soit unique, et droite ou convexe, et agencée pour freiner tangentiellement ledit arbre (30) parallèlement à ladite première lame élastique (31), ∘ soit ondulée à la façon d'une épingle à cheveux et comportant au moins un cran élastique (39) déformable selon une direction perpendiculaire audit axe de rotation (D) et à ladite direction de mobilité (DM). Clockwork mechanism (1000) comprising a structure (1) carrying at least a first device (4) and / or a second device (5) for guiding in pivoting a shaft (30) of a mobile ( 40) around an axis of rotation (D), and comprising at least one braking device (100) which is separate and distant, in the direction of said axis of rotation (D), from any pivoting guide device (4) ; 5) that comprises said mechanism (1000), said braking device (100) comprising at least one braking mobile (10) comprising at least one elastic blade (3; 31; 32) arranged to exert a mechanical braking support on said shaft (30), characterized in that said at least one said braking mobile (10) extends substantially perpendicular to said axis of rotation (D), and is mounted captive between said structure (1) and a lock (6) that comprises said mechanism (1000) and is movable at least in a plane perpendicular to said axis of rotation (D), with respect to said said the structure (1) and said tree (30), and in that , - or all the supports on said shaft (30) of all said elastic blades (3; 31; 32) which said braking unit (10) comprises are exerted in a single angular sector at an angle at the center (a) less than 180 ° with respect to said axis of rotation (D), so as to allow relative mobility between said braking unit (10) and said shaft (30) in a direction of mobility included in said angular sector, - or else said braking mobile (10) comprises a first elastic blade (31) straight or convex arranged to tangentially brake said shaft (30) and whose direction defines a direction of mobility (DM) perpendicular to said axis of rotation (D) , and, on the side opposite to said first elastic blade (31) relative to said axis of rotation (D), at least one second elastic blade (32) which is arranged to allow relative mobility between said braking mobile (10) and said shaft (30) in said direction of mobility (DM), said second elastic blade (32) being: ∘ either single, and straight or convex, and arranged to tangentially brake said shaft (30) parallel to said first elastic blade (31), ∘ or wavy in the manner of a hairpin and comprising at least one elastic notch (39) deformable in a direction perpendicular to said axis of rotation (D) and to said direction of mobility (DM). Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite structure (1) est porteuse d'un premier dispositif (4) et d'un deuxième dispositif (5) de guidage en pivotement dudit arbre (30) autour dudit axe de rotation (D), distincts et distants l'un de l'autre et dudit dispositif de freinage (100).Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to claim 1, characterized in that said structure (1) carries a first device (4) and a second device (5) for guiding said shaft (30) in pivoting around of said axis of rotation (D), separate and distant from each other and from said braking device (100). Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite structure (1) est porteuse d'un premier dispositif (4) de guidage en pivotement dudit arbre (30), lequel premier dispositif (4) de guidage comporte, ou bien un premier coussinet (40) de ladite structure (1) coopérant de façon complémentaire avec un premier palier (41) dudit arbre (30), ou bien un premier ancrage (45) porteur d'un premier guidage flexible (46) auquel est suspendu ledit arbre (30) ou dont est solidaire ledit arbre (30).Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said structure (1) carries a first device (4) for guiding said shaft (30) in pivoting, which first device (4) for guide comprises either a first bearing (40) of said structure (1) cooperating in a complementary manner with a first bearing (41) of said shaft (30), or else a first anchor (45) carrying a first flexible guide ( 46) to which said shaft (30) is suspended or to which said shaft (30) is integral. Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite structure (1) est porteuse d'un deuxième dispositif (5) de guidage en pivotement dudit arbre (30), lequel deuxième dispositif (5) de guidage comporte, ou bien un deuxième coussinet (50) de ladite structure (1) coopérant de façon complémentaire avec un deuxième palier (51) dudit arbre (30), ou bien un deuxième ancrage (55) porteur d'un deuxième guidage flexible (56) auquel est suspendu ledit arbre (30) ou dont est solidaire ledit arbre (30).Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said structure (1) carries a second device (5) for guiding said shaft (30) in pivoting, which second device ( 5) guide comprises, either a second bearing (50) of said structure (1) cooperating in a complementary manner with a second bearing (51) of said shaft (30), or a second anchor (55) carrying a second flexible guide (56) from which said shaft (30) is suspended or from which said shaft (30) is integral. Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit mobile de freinage (10) a une mobilité axiale, avec un premier jeu axial, selon la direction dudit axe de rotation (D), par rapport à ladite structure (1) et audit arbre (30).Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said braking wheel set (10) has axial mobility, with a first axial play, in the direction of said axis of rotation (D), relative to said structure (1) and to said shaft (30). Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit mobile de freinage (10) est agencé pour appliquer un freinage mécanique à couple constant sur ledit arbre (30).Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said braking mobile (10) is arranged to apply mechanical braking at constant torque to said shaft (30). Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit mobile de freinage (10) comporte au moins une butée anti-choc (22 ; 23) qui est agencée pour limiter la course relative entre ledit mobile de freinage (10) et ledit arbre (30) selon ladite direction de mobilité (DM).Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said braking mobile (10) comprises at least one anti-shock stop (22; 23) which is arranged to limit the relative stroke between said braking unit (10) and said shaft (30) according to said direction of mobility (DM). Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit mobile de freinage (10) comporte au moins deux dites butées anti-choc (22, 23), disposées de part et d'autre dudit arbre (30).Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to claim 7, characterized in that said braking mobile (10) comprises at least two said anti-shock stops (22, 23), arranged on either side of said shaft (30) . Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un dit mobile de freinage (10) comporte deux lames parallèles (31, 32) agencées pour autoriser son insertion radiale autour dudit arbre (30).Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one said braking mobile (10) comprises two parallel blades (31, 32) arranged to allow its radial insertion around said shaft. (30). Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un dit mobile de freinage (10) comporte deux lames convexes (31, 32) agencées pour autoriser son insertion radiale autour dudit arbre (30).Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one said braking mobile (10) comprises two convex blades (31, 32) arranged to allow its radial insertion around said shaft. (30). Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que ledit mobile de freinage (10) comporte deux dites lames élastiques (31, 32) agencées de part et d'autre dudit arbre (30) et formant ensemble un ressort en épingle à cheveux comportant au moins un dit cran (39) élastique.Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said braking unit (10) comprises two said elastic blades (31, 32) arranged on either side of said shaft (30) and together forming a hairpin spring comprising at least one elastic said catch (39). Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la première (31) desdites lames élastiques est sensiblement droite, et en ce que la deuxième (32) comporte deux dits crans (39) agencés pour assurer un frottement sur une partie de la périphérie dudit arbre (30) selon un angle au centre (a) inférieur à 180° par rapport audit axe de rotation (D).Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to claim 11, characterized in that the first (31) of said elastic blades is substantially straight, and in that the second (32) comprises two said notches (39) arranged to ensure friction on a part of the periphery of said shaft (30) at an angle at the center (a) less than 180 ° with respect to said axis of rotation (D). Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que ledit mobile de freinage (10) comporte une dite lame élastique (3) unique faisant face à un vé (33) délimité par deux sommets (34), et comporte un dégagement (35) agencé pour autoriser l'insertion relative d'un dit arbre (30), et pour autoriser le débattement de ladite lame élastique (3).Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said braking mobile (10) comprises a single said elastic blade (3) facing a vee (33) delimited by two vertices ( 34), and comprises a clearance (35) arranged to allow the relative insertion of a said shaft (30), and to allow the movement of said elastic blade (3). Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que ledit mobile de freinage (10) est asymétrique par rapport audit axe de rotation (D).Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that said braking wheel set (10) is asymmetrical with respect to said axis of rotation (D). Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que ledit mobile de freinage (1) est monobloc et en matériau micro-usinable.Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that said braking mobile (1) is in one piece and made of micromachinable material. Mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'un dit mobile (40) est un mobile d'affichage de petite seconde.Clockwork mechanism (1000) according to one of Claims 1 to 15, characterized in that a said mobile (40) is a small seconds display mobile. Mouvement d'horlogerie (200) comportant au moins un mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon une des revendications 1 à 16.Clockwork movement (200) comprising at least one clockwork mechanism (1000) according to one of claims 1 to 16. Montre (300) comportant au moins un mécanisme d'horlogerie (1000) selon une des revendications 1 à 17.Watch (300) comprising at least one timepiece mechanism (1000) according to one of claims 1 to 17.
EP19166951.4A 2019-04-03 2019-04-03 Mechanical braking device for a clock mobile Active EP3719583B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19166951.4A EP3719583B1 (en) 2019-04-03 2019-04-03 Mechanical braking device for a clock mobile
US16/815,767 US11703803B2 (en) 2019-04-03 2020-03-11 Mechanical braking device for a horological mobile component
JP2020059489A JP6944562B2 (en) 2019-04-03 2020-03-30 Mechanical braking device for watch moving parts
CN202010259133.6A CN111796502B (en) 2019-04-03 2020-04-03 Mechanical braking device for a mobile timepiece component

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19166951.4A EP3719583B1 (en) 2019-04-03 2019-04-03 Mechanical braking device for a clock mobile

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EP3719583A1 true EP3719583A1 (en) 2020-10-07
EP3719583B1 EP3719583B1 (en) 2021-11-10

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US (1) US11703803B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3719583B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6944562B2 (en)
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US11703803B2 (en) 2023-07-18
US20200319595A1 (en) 2020-10-08
CN111796502B (en) 2021-09-10
CN111796502A (en) 2020-10-20
EP3719583B1 (en) 2021-11-10
JP2020169987A (en) 2020-10-15
JP6944562B2 (en) 2021-10-06

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