EP3719434A1 - Adjustable liquid distributor of a coiled heat exchanger for implementing different liquid loads - Google Patents
Adjustable liquid distributor of a coiled heat exchanger for implementing different liquid loads Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3719434A1 EP3719434A1 EP20020143.2A EP20020143A EP3719434A1 EP 3719434 A1 EP3719434 A1 EP 3719434A1 EP 20020143 A EP20020143 A EP 20020143A EP 3719434 A1 EP3719434 A1 EP 3719434A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- container
- medium
- heat exchanger
- tube bundle
- radial direction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- FIKFLLIUPUVONI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-(2-phenylethyl)-1-oxa-3,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.O1C(=O)NCC11CCN(CCC=2C=CC=CC=2)CC1 FIKFLLIUPUVONI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D3/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
- F28D3/04—Distributing arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
- F28D7/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
- F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D3/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
- F28D3/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits with tubular conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
- F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
- F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
- F25J2280/02—Control in general, load changes, different modes ("runs"), measurements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/32—Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
- F28D2021/0064—Vaporizers, e.g. evaporators
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger and a method for operating such a heat exchanger.
- Coiled heat exchangers are e.g. used in natural gas liquefaction plants.
- a first fluid medium is applied as a refrigerant to the shell side and evaporates by means of a falling film. This evaporation can lead to a so-called maldistribution over the tube bundle, so that some tubes receive too much refrigerant, other tubes too little.
- the tube side i.e. the media carried in the tube bundle
- the first medium or the refrigerant on the shell side can also be regulated in order to compensate for a maldistribution.
- valves arranged in the jacket space or on the tube bundle, as well as moving parts inside the heat exchanger can only be implemented with comparatively great effort.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a heat exchanger and a corresponding method for indirect heat transfer, which enables a particularly continuous shift of the area-related task of the first medium in a radial direction of the tube bundle and so low the cost of additional instrumentation as possible.
- the distribution arms for applying the tube bundle with the liquid phase of the first medium have at least one first container and at least one second container separate from the first container, the first container being in flow connection with the annular channel so that the liquid phase of the first medium can be introduced from the annular channel into the at least one first container and can be distributed from there via outlet openings of the first container to a first region of the tube bundle, and the at least one second container is in flow connection with the collecting container, so that the liquid phase of the first medium can be introduced from the collecting container into the at least one second container and can be distributed from there to a second region of the tube bundle via outlet openings of the second container.
- the distribution arms can each be designed in the shape of a sector of a circle. Furthermore, between two adjacent distribution arms in the circumferential direction of the jacket or the core tube can be separated by a gap through which the tubes of the tube bundle can be passed (e.g. towards the connection pieces provided on the jacket).
- the heat exchanger has at least one first controllable valve, via which the ring channel can be charged with the first medium, and / or that the heat exchanger has at least one second controllable valve via which the collecting container of the core tube with the first medium can be loaded.
- the ring channel is in flow connection with a first inlet arranged on the jacket, so that the first medium can be introduced into the ring channel via the first inlet, the first valve in particular being arranged upstream of the first inlet.
- the collecting container of the core tube is in flow connection with a second inlet arranged on the jacket, so that the first medium can be introduced into the collecting container via the second inlet, the second valve in particular being arranged upstream of the second inlet.
- the first container and the second container can be charged simultaneously with variable mass flows of the first medium by appropriately setting the valves.
- the first container and the second container are arranged above the tube bundle that by setting the two valves the amount of liquid phase applied to the tube bundle per area and time in a radial direction of the Tube bundle is changeable or adjustable.
- one embodiment of the invention provides that the arrangement of the outlet openings of the first and the second container is designed so that radially different amounts of liquid can be adjusted.
- the second container can have outlet openings which are located further inward in the radial direction than the outlet openings of the first container.
- the second container only have outlet openings for an inner half of the tube bundle, while the first container only has outlet openings for the outer half of the tube bundle.
- the said amount can be changed or adjusted in the radial direction of the tube bundle so that the said amount increases monotonically towards the outside in a radial direction of the tube bundle or outwards decreases monotonously.
- one embodiment of the invention provides that the at least one first container is formed by a first distribution arm of the liquid distributor, and that the at least one second container is formed by a second distribution arm of the liquid distributor.
- the at least one first container is formed by a first area of a distribution arm
- the at least one second container is formed by a second area of the distribution arm that is separate from the first area
- the two regions run next to one another in the radial direction along which the distributor arm extends.
- the two areas are fluidically separated from one another by a partition wall of the distributor arm that extends in the radial direction.
- the two areas are opposite one another in the radial direction along which the distributor arm extends.
- it can furthermore be provided according to one embodiment that the two areas are separated from one another by a partition wall extending in a circumferential direction of the core tube.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for performing an indirect heat transfer between at least a first fluid medium and a second fluid medium using a heat exchanger according to the invention, wherein the second medium is introduced into the tube bundle, and wherein a first mass flow of the first medium over the ring channel is introduced into the at least one first container, and wherein (in particular at the same time) a second mass flow of the first medium is introduced into the at least one second container via the collecting container, the two mass flows being set (e.g. using the said valves), in order to change the amount of the liquid phase of the first medium applied to the tube bundle per area and time via the outlet openings of the at least one first container and the outlet openings of the at least one second container in the radial direction of the tube bundle put.
- the two mass flows of the first medium are set such that the said amount of the liquid phase of the first medium increases monotonically towards the outside in a radial direction of the tube bundle or decreases monotonously towards the outside.
- the Figure 1 shows in connection with the Figure 2 an embodiment of a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention, which makes it possible to counteract a maldistribution of a first medium M (eg a refrigerant) guided in a jacket space 3 onto a tube bundle 5 of the heat exchanger 1.
- a first medium M eg a refrigerant
- the heat exchanger 1 has in detail a jacket 2 which surrounds the jacket space 3, a core tube 4 which extends in the jacket space 3 and on which the tubes 50 of the tube bundle 5 are wound, the tube bundle 5 for receiving at least one fluid second medium M ' is designed so that heat can be transferred indirectly between the first medium M and the at least one second medium M '.
- the core tube 4 serves in particular as the core or carrier of the tube bundle, the individual tubes 50 being wound onto the horizontally arranged core tube 4 with spacers in between.
- the core tube 4 extends along the vertical and preferably carries at least part of the load on the tubes 50 of the tube bundle 5.
- the individual tubes 50 are preferably wound on or around the core tube 4, at least in sections, in a helical manner.
- Such a heat exchanger is therefore also referred to as a wound heat exchanger 1.
- the heat exchanger 1 has a - in relation to the vertical or longitudinal axis z of the core tube 4 - arranged above the tube bundle 5 in the jacket space 3 liquid distributor 6 for subjecting the tube bundle 5 with a liquid phase F of the first medium M
- the liquid distributor 6 from Core tube 3 has distribution arms 60 protruding in the radial direction R, which can be configured in the shape of a sector of a circle, for example in the plan view along the longitudinal axis z (see also FIG Figures 2 to 4 ).
- the distributor arms 60 each have a base 60g and side walls 60d extending from the respective base 60g, which, starting from the core tube 4, extend outward to the annular channel 61.
- the liquid distributor 6 preferably has an annular channel 61 extending or encircling above the distributing arms 60 in a circumferential direction U of the casing 2 and also a collecting container 62 formed by the core tube 4, the annular channel 61 and the collecting container 62 each for collecting the first medium M, which is in particular a two-phase mixture, are formed.
- the first medium M can be calmed and degassed in the collecting container 62 and in the annular channel 61 or later in the containers 60a, 60b or areas 60a, 60b, so that ultimately a liquid phase F of the first medium or refrigerant M via the distribution arms 60 can be distributed over the tube bundle 5.
- the distribution arms 60 form at least one first container 60a and at least one second container 60b separate from the first container 60a, the at least one first container 60a being in flow connection with the annular channel 61 so that the liquid phase F des first medium M can be introduced from the annular channel 61 into the at least one first container 60a and from there can be distributed via outlet openings 600 of a bottom 60g of the at least one first container 60a to a first area 5a of the tube bundle 5, and the at least one second container 60b is in flow connection with the collecting container 62 so that the liquid phase F of the first medium M can be introduced from the collecting container 62 into the at least one second container 60b and from there via outlet openings 601 of a bottom 60g of the at least one second container 60b to a second area 5b of the tube bundle 5 is distributable.
- the liquid distributor 6 has several (here for example four) distribution arms 60, two distribution arms 60 opposite one another in the radial direction R each forming a first container 60a, which is fluidically separated from the collecting container 62 or from the core tube 4 (for example through a wall section 60f of the core tube 4) and is fed with the liquid phase F of the first medium M only from the outside via the ring channel 61, for example through an opening 61a of an inner wall 61c of the ring channel 61 Figure 2
- the inner wall 61c lies opposite an outer circumferential wall 61b of the annular channel 61, both walls extending from a base 61d of the annular channel 61.
- the ring channel 61 can also be attached to the jacket 2 so that, for example, the outer wall 61b can be formed by the jacket 2.
- two further distribution arms 60 opposite one another in the radial direction R each form a second container 60b, the respective second container 60b, in contrast to the respective first container 60a, being fluidically separated from the annular channel 61 (e.g. by a section 60e of the inner wall 61c of the annular channel 61) and is only fed with the liquid phase of the F of the first medium M from the inside via the collecting container 62 or the core tube 4.
- a wall of the core tube 4 can each have a corresponding opening 4a.
- the containers 60a, 60b are each assigned to an area 5a or 5b of the upper side of the tube bundle 5 (cf. Fig. 1 ), so that the distribution of the liquid phase F on the tube bundle 5 can be influenced by different liquid delivery to the areas 5a, 5b.
- the first and second containers 60a, 60b allow different liquid levels and thus also different volume flows.
- the arrangement of the outlet openings 600, 601 of the first and second containers 60a, 60b can be designed such that radially different amounts of liquid can be set.
- the second containers 60b connected to the core tube 4 can have outlet openings 601 which are located further inward in the radial direction R than the outlet openings 600 of the first container 60a.
- the second containers 60b only have outlet openings 601 for an inner half of the tube bundle 5 and the first containers 60a connected to the annular channel 61 can only have outlet openings 600 for the outer half of the tube bundle 5.
- the outlet openings 600, 601 can here also be varied in size or an overlap of the outlet openings 600 of the first container 60a with the outlet openings 601 of the second container 60b with respect to the radial direction can be provided.
- the ring channel 61 can be charged with the first medium M via a first valve 7 and via the subsequent first inlet or connector 9, so that a corresponding mass flow of the first medium M into the ring channel 61 and the first Container or distribution arms 60a can be regulated accordingly.
- the collecting container 62 can be charged with the first medium M via a second valve 8 and via the subsequent second inlet or connection 10, which is provided centrally above the collecting container 62 on the jacket 2, so that a corresponding mass flow of the first medium M in the collecting container 62 or the second container or distribution arms 60b can also be regulated accordingly.
- the amount of liquid phase F that is applied along the radial direction R of the tube bundle 5 to the tube bundle 5 or the areas 5a, 5b can be varied in order to counteract a maldistribution of the liquid phase F in the jacket space 3.
- the distribution arms 60 are therefore fed from the outside via the annular channel 61 (first container 60a) or from the inside via the collecting container 62 provided in the core tube 4 (second container 60b) in order to vary the liquid discharge to the tube bundle 5 in the radial direction R if necessary . to adjust.
- Figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the liquid distributor 6, wherein the at least one first container 60a is formed by a first area 60a of a distribution arm 60, and wherein the at least one second container 60b is formed by a second area 60b of the same distribution arm 60 which is fluidically separated from the first area 60a is.
- the two areas 60a, 60b in the radial direction R, along which the distribution arm 60 extends, run next to one another from the core tube 4 to the jacket 2, the two areas 60a, 60b preferably extending through one in the radial direction R.
- Partition 60c of the distributor arm 60 are fluidically separated from one another.
- the first area 60a is again supplied with the liquid phase F of the first medium M from the outside via the ring channel 61, in particular via an opening 61a in the inner wall 61c of the ring channel 61 Wall section 60f of core tube 4 is fluidically separated from core tube 4 or collecting container 62.
- the at least one second region 60b is supplied with the liquid phase F of the first medium M from the collecting container 62 via an opening 4a of the core tube 4 and is e.g. Fluidically separated from the annular channel 61 by a section 60e of the inner wall 61c of the annular channel 61.
- annular channel 61 is variably supplied with the liquid phase F via the first valve 7
- the collecting container 62 is variably supplied with the liquid phase F of the first medium M via the second valve 8.
- the valves 7, 8 By appropriately setting the valves 7, 8 or regulating the two mass flows of the first medium M in the annular channel 61 or in the collecting container, the amount of liquid phase F, which along the radial direction R of the tube bundle 5 on the tube bundle 5 or The areas 5a, 5b given up are varied in order to counteract a maldistribution of the liquid phase F in the jacket space 3.
- the outlet openings 600, 601 of the first and second containers 60a, 60b are designed such that radially different amounts of liquid can be set.
- the second containers 60b connected to the core tube 4 can have outlet openings 601 which are located further inward in the radial direction R than the outlet openings 600 of the first container 60a.
- the second containers 60b only have outlet openings 601 for an inner half of the tube bundle 5 and the first containers 60a connected to the annular channel 61 can only have outlet openings 600 for the outer half of the tube bundle 5 (see above).
- Fig. 4 shows a further variant of a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention, the at least one first and the at least one second area 60a, 60b again being formed by a distributor arm, in which case, in contrast to FIG Figure 3 the partition wall 60c, which separates the two areas 60a, 60b from one another in terms of flow, extends in the circumferential direction U of the jacket 2 or of the core tube 4, so that the two areas 60a, 60c extend in the radial direction R, along which the distribution arm extends from the core tube to the jacket 2, are opposite one another.
- the first area is supplied with the liquid phase F via an opening 61a in the inner wall 61c of the annular channel
- the second area 60b is supplied with the liquid phase F from the collecting container 62 via an opening 4a in the core tube 4.
- the outlet openings 600 of the first container 60a lie further outside in the radial direction R than the outlet openings 601 of the second container 60b.
- the ring channel 61 is according to FIG Figure 4 variably supplied with the liquid phase F via the first valve 7, whereas the collecting container 62 is variably supplied with the liquid phase F of the first medium M via the second valve 8.
- the amount of liquid phase F that is flowing along the radial direction R of the tube bundle 5 onto the tube bundle 5 or the areas 5a, 5b abandoned are varied in order to counteract a maldistribution of the liquid phase F in the shell space 3. If e.g. If the mass flow of the first medium M in the collecting container 62 is increased or decreased in the annular channel 61, more liquid F is applied to the tube bundle 5 via the inner second areas 60b than via the outer first areas 60a.
- liquid distributor according to the invention it is possible to react optimally to any influence on the part of the process and to counteract a maldistribution on the shell side, so that the overall performance of the heat exchanger is improved.
- the two areas 60a, 60b can also be implemented via a divided ring channel 61 (e.g. two semicircular ring channels or two concentric ring channels) or a divided core tube 4 (e.g. concentric core tube plugged into one another or core tube divided in diameter).
- the distribution arms 60 can also have any other spatial separation.
- more than two valves or containers can be used to adjust the liquid distribution in the radial direction of the tube bundle.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmeübertrager (1), mit: einem Mantel (2), der einen Mantelraum (3) des Wärmeübertragers (1) umgibt, wobei der Mantelraum (3) zur Aufnahme eines fluiden ersten Mediums (M) ausgebildet ist, einem im Mantelraum (3) erstreckten Kernrohr (4), einem Rohrbündel (5) aufweisend mehrere Rohre (50), die um das Kernrohr (4) gewickelt sind, wobei das Rohrbündel (5) zur Aufnahme zumindest eines fluiden zweiten Mediums (M') ausgebildet ist, so dass zwischen dem ersten Medium (M) und dem mindestens einem zweiten Medium (M') indirekt Wärme übertragbar ist, und einem oberhalb des Rohrbündels (5) im Mantelraum (3) angeordneten Flüssigkeitsverteiler (6) zum Beaufschlagen des Rohrbündels (5) mit einer flüssigen Phase (F) des ersten Mediums (M), wobei der Flüssigkeitsverteiler (6) vom Kernrohr (3) in radialer Richtung (R) abstehende Verteilarme (60) aufweist, einen oberhalb der Verteilarme (60) in einer Umfangsrichtung (U) des Mantels (2) erstreckten Ringkanal (61) sowie einen durch das Kernrohr (4) gebildeten Sammelbehälter (62), wobei der Ringkanal (61) und der Sammelbehälter (62) jeweils zum Sammeln des ersten Mediums (M) ausgebildet sind. Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass die Verteilarme (60) zum Beaufschlagen des Rohrbündels (5) mit der flüssigen Phase (F) des ersten Mediums (M) zumindest einen ersten Behälter (60a) und zumindest einen vom ersten Behälter (60a) getrennten zweiten Behälter (60b) bilden.The invention relates to a heat exchanger (1), comprising: a jacket (2) which surrounds a jacket space (3) of the heat exchanger (1), the jacket space (3) being designed to accommodate a fluid first medium (M), an im Shell (3) extending core tube (4), a tube bundle (5) having a plurality of tubes (50) which are wound around the core tube (4), the tube bundle (5) designed to accommodate at least one fluid second medium (M ') is, so that heat can be transferred indirectly between the first medium (M) and the at least one second medium (M '), and a liquid distributor (6) arranged above the tube bundle (5) in the jacket space (3) for pressurizing the tube bundle (5) ) with a liquid phase (F) of the first medium (M), the liquid distributor (6) having distribution arms (60) projecting from the core tube (3) in the radial direction (R), one above the distribution arms (60) in a circumferential direction ( U) of the jacket (2) extending annular channel (61) and one collecting container (62) formed by the core tube (4), the annular channel (61) and the collecting container (62) each being designed to collect the first medium (M). According to the invention it is provided that the distribution arms (60) for applying the liquid phase (F) of the first medium (M) to the tube bundle (5) have at least one first container (60a) and at least one second container (60a) separate from the first container (60a). 60b).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmeübertrager sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Wärmeübertragers.The invention relates to a heat exchanger and a method for operating such a heat exchanger.
Gewickelte Wärmeübertrager werden z.B. in Erdgasverflüssigungsanlagen eingesetzt. Dabei wird auf der Mantelseite ein erstes fluides Medium als Kältemittel aufgegeben, das mittels eines Fallfilmes verdampft. Bei dieser Verdampfung kann es zu einer sogenannten Fehlverteilung über das Rohrbündel kommen, so dass einige Rohre zu viele, andere Rohre zu wenig Kältemittel abbekommen. Um diesem Effekt entgegenzuwirken, kann z.B. die Rohrseite, d.h., die im Rohrbündel geführten Medien, geregelt werden, um dort eine Verteilung der Medien zu erreichen, die einer mantelseitigen Fehlverteilung des ersten Mediums bzw. des Kältemittels entgegenwirkt. Alternativ hierzu kann auch das erste Medium bzw. das Kältemittel auf der Mantelseite geregelt werden, um eine Fehlverteilung zu kompensieren.Coiled heat exchangers are e.g. used in natural gas liquefaction plants. A first fluid medium is applied as a refrigerant to the shell side and evaporates by means of a falling film. This evaporation can lead to a so-called maldistribution over the tube bundle, so that some tubes receive too much refrigerant, other tubes too little. To counteract this effect, e.g. the tube side, i.e. the media carried in the tube bundle, are regulated in order to achieve a distribution of the media there which counteracts a maldistribution of the first medium or the refrigerant on the shell side. Alternatively, the first medium or the refrigerant on the shell side can also be regulated in order to compensate for a maldistribution.
Bei der Realisierung eines regelbaren Flüssigkeitsverteilers ist es nötig, unterschiedliche Bereiche des Rohrbündels mit verschiedenen Mengen an Kältemittel beaufschlagen zu können.When implementing a controllable liquid distributor, it is necessary to be able to apply different amounts of refrigerant to different areas of the tube bundle.
Diesbezüglich hat sich herausgestellt, dass im Mantelraum bzw. am Rohrbündel angeordnete Ventile sowie bewegliche Teile im Inneren des Wärmeübertragers nur mit vergleichsweise großem Aufwand umsetzbar sind.In this regard, it has been found that valves arranged in the jacket space or on the tube bundle, as well as moving parts inside the heat exchanger, can only be implemented with comparatively great effort.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Wärmeübertrager und ein entsprechendes Verfahren zur indirekten Wärmeübertragung anzugeben, der bzw. das eine insbesondere kontinuierliche Verschiebung der flächenbezogenen Aufgabe des ersten Mediums in einer radialen Richtung des Rohrbündels ermöglicht und dabei den Aufwand an zusätzlicher Instrumentierung so gering wie möglich zu halten.The present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a heat exchanger and a corresponding method for indirect heat transfer, which enables a particularly continuous shift of the area-related task of the first medium in a radial direction of the tube bundle and so low the cost of additional instrumentation as possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Wärmeübertrager mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 14 gelöst.This object is achieved by a heat exchanger having the features of
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen dieser Erfindungsaspekte sind in den entsprechenden Unteransprüchen angegeben und werden nachfolgend beschrieben.Advantageous configurations of these aspects of the invention are specified in the corresponding subclaims and are described below.
Gemäß Anspruch 1 wird ein Wärmeübertrager offenbart, mit:
- einem Mantel, der einen Mantelraum des Wärmeübertragers umgibt, wobei der Mantelraum zur Aufnahme eines fluiden ersten Mediums ausgebildet ist,
- einem im Mantelraum erstreckten Kernrohr,
- einem Rohrbündel aufweisend mehrere Rohre, die um das Kernrohr gewickelt sind, wobei das Rohrbündel zur Aufnahme zumindest eines fluiden zweiten Mediums ausgebildet ist, so dass zwischen dem ersten Medium und dem mindestens einem zweiten Medium indirekt Wärme übertragbar ist, und
- einem oberhalb des Rohrbündels im Mantelraum angeordneten Flüssigkeitsverteiler zum Beaufschlagen des Rohrbündels mit einer flüssigen Phase des ersten Mediums, wobei der Flüssigkeitsverteiler vom Kernrohr in radialer Richtung abstehende Verteilarme aufweist, einen oberhalb der Verteilarme in einer Umfangsrichtung des Mantels erstreckten Ringkanal sowie einen durch das Kernrohr gebildeten Sammelbehälter, wobei der Ringkanal und der Sammelbehälter jeweils zum Sammeln des ersten Mediums ausgebildet sind.
- a jacket which surrounds a jacket space of the heat exchanger, the jacket space being designed to accommodate a fluid first medium,
- a core tube extending in the shell space,
- a tube bundle having a plurality of tubes which are wound around the core tube, the tube bundle being designed to receive at least one fluid second medium, so that heat can be transferred indirectly between the first medium and the at least one second medium, and
- a liquid distributor arranged above the tube bundle in the jacket space for charging the tube bundle with a liquid phase of the first medium, the liquid distributor having distribution arms protruding from the core tube in the radial direction, an annular channel extending above the distribution arms in a circumferential direction of the jacket, and a collecting container formed by the core tube , wherein the annular channel and the collecting container are each designed to collect the first medium.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass die Verteilarme zum Beaufschlagen des Rohrbündels mit der flüssigen Phase des ersten Mediums zumindest einen ersten Behälter und zumindest einen vom ersten Behälter getrennten zweiten Behälter aufweisen, wobei der erste Behälter mit dem Ringkanal in Strömungsverbindung steht, so dass die flüssige Phase des ersten Mediums aus dem Ringkanal in den mindestens einen ersten Behälter einleitbar ist und von dort über Auslassöffnungen des ersten Behälters auf einen ersten Bereich des Rohrbündels verteilbar ist, und wobei der mindestens eine zweite Behälter mit dem Sammelbehälter in Strömungsverbindung steht, so dass die flüssige Phase des ersten Mediums aus dem Sammelbehälter in den mindestens einen zweiten Behälter einleitbar ist und von dort über Auslassöffnungen des zweiten Behälters auf einen zweiten Bereich des Rohrbündels verteilbar ist.According to the invention it is provided that the distribution arms for applying the tube bundle with the liquid phase of the first medium have at least one first container and at least one second container separate from the first container, the first container being in flow connection with the annular channel so that the liquid phase of the first medium can be introduced from the annular channel into the at least one first container and can be distributed from there via outlet openings of the first container to a first region of the tube bundle, and the at least one second container is in flow connection with the collecting container, so that the liquid phase of the first medium can be introduced from the collecting container into the at least one second container and can be distributed from there to a second region of the tube bundle via outlet openings of the second container.
Die Verteilarme können jeweils kreissektorförmig ausgebildet sein. Weiterhin können zwischen je zwei in Umfangsrichtung des Mantels bzw. des Kernrohres benachbarte Verteilarme durch eine Lücke getrennt sein, durch die hindurch Rohre des Rohrbündels geführt sein können (z.B. hin zu am Mantel vorgesehenen Stutzen).The distribution arms can each be designed in the shape of a sector of a circle. Furthermore, between two adjacent distribution arms in the circumferential direction of the jacket or the core tube can be separated by a gap through which the tubes of the tube bundle can be passed (e.g. towards the connection pieces provided on the jacket).
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der Wärmeübertrager zumindest ein erstes regelbares Ventil aufweist, über das der Ringkanal mit dem ersten Medium beschickbar ist, und/oder dass der Wärmeübertrager zumindest ein zweites regelbares Ventil aufweist, über das der Sammelbehälter des Kernrohres mit dem ersten Medium beschickbar ist.According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the heat exchanger has at least one first controllable valve, via which the ring channel can be charged with the first medium, and / or that the heat exchanger has at least one second controllable valve via which the collecting container of the core tube with the first medium can be loaded.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der Ringkanal mit einem am Mantel angeordneten ersten Einlass in Strömungsverbindung steht, so dass das erste Medium über den ersten Einlass in den Ringkanal einleitbar ist, wobei insbesondere das erste Ventil stromauf des ersten Einlasses angeordnet ist.Furthermore, according to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the ring channel is in flow connection with a first inlet arranged on the jacket, so that the first medium can be introduced into the ring channel via the first inlet, the first valve in particular being arranged upstream of the first inlet.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer Ausführungsform vorgesehen, dass der Sammelbehälter des Kernrohres mit einem am Mantel angeordneten zweiten Einlass in Strömungsverbindung steht, so dass das erste Medium über den zweiten Einlass in den Sammelbehälter einleitbar ist, wobei insbesondere das zweite Ventil stromauf des zweiten Einlasses angeordnet ist.Furthermore, according to one embodiment it is provided that the collecting container of the core tube is in flow connection with a second inlet arranged on the jacket, so that the first medium can be introduced into the collecting container via the second inlet, the second valve in particular being arranged upstream of the second inlet.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der erste Behälter und der zweite Behälter durch entsprechendes Stellen der Ventile zeitgleich jeweils mit variablen Massenströmen des ersten Mediums beschickbar sind.Furthermore, according to one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the first container and the second container can be charged simultaneously with variable mass flows of the first medium by appropriately setting the valves.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist weiterhin vorgesehen, dass der erste Behälter und der zweite Behälter so oberhalb des Rohrbündels angeordnet sind, dass durch ein Stellen der beiden Ventile die pro Fläche und Zeit auf das Rohrbündel aufgegebene Menge der flüssigen Phase in einer radialen Richtung des Rohrbündels veränderbar bzw. einstellbar ist.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it is further provided that the first container and the second container are arranged above the tube bundle that by setting the two valves the amount of liquid phase applied to the tube bundle per area and time in a radial direction of the Tube bundle is changeable or adjustable.
Hierdurch kann auf einfache Weise eine insbesondere kontinuierliche Verschiebung der flächenbezogenen Aufgabe der flüssigen Phase des ersten Mediums (z.B. Kältemittel) in radialer Richtung des Rohrbündels erzielt werden, wobei der Aufwand an zusätzlicher Instrumentierung mit Vorteil vergleichsweise gering ausfällt.In this way, a particularly continuous shift in the area-related task of the liquid phase of the first medium (e.g. Refrigerant) can be achieved in the radial direction of the tube bundle, with the expense of additional instrumentation advantageously being comparatively low.
Um die Verteilung der flüssigen Phase in radialer Richtung mittels der Behälter effizient einzustellen, ist gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Anordnung der Auslassöffnungen des ersten und des zweiten Behälters so ausgestaltet ist, dass sich radial unterschiedliche Flüssigkeitsmengen einstellen lassen. Z.B. kann der zweite Behälter Auslassöffnungen aufweisen, die in radialer Richtung weiter innen gelegen sind als die Auslassöffnungen des ersten Behälters. So kann z.B. der zweite Behälter nur Auslassöffnungen für eine innere Hälfte des Rohrbündels aufweisen, während der erste Behälter nur Auslassöffnungen für die äußere Hälfte des Rohrbündels aufweist.In order to efficiently adjust the distribution of the liquid phase in the radial direction by means of the container, one embodiment of the invention provides that the arrangement of the outlet openings of the first and the second container is designed so that radially different amounts of liquid can be adjusted. E.g. the second container can have outlet openings which are located further inward in the radial direction than the outlet openings of the first container. E.g. the second container only have outlet openings for an inner half of the tube bundle, while the first container only has outlet openings for the outer half of the tube bundle.
Insbesondere ist aufgrund der Anordnung der Behälter oberhalb des Rohrbündels und durch ein entsprechendes Stellen der Ventile die besagte Menge in der radialen Richtung des Rohrbündels so veränderbar bzw. einstellbar, dass die besagte Menge in einer radialen Richtung des Rohrbündels nach außen hin monoton zunimmt oder nach außen hin monoton abnimmt.In particular, due to the arrangement of the containers above the tube bundle and by appropriately positioning the valves, the said amount can be changed or adjusted in the radial direction of the tube bundle so that the said amount increases monotonically towards the outside in a radial direction of the tube bundle or outwards decreases monotonously.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der mindestens eine erste Behälter durch einen ersten Verteilarm des Flüssigkeitsverteilers gebildet ist, und dass der mindestens eine zweite Behälter durch einen zweiten Verteilarm des Flüssigkeitsverteilers gebildet ist.Furthermore, one embodiment of the invention provides that the at least one first container is formed by a first distribution arm of the liquid distributor, and that the at least one second container is formed by a second distribution arm of the liquid distributor.
Weiterhin ist gemäß einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der mindestens eine erste Behälter durch einen ersten Bereich eines Verteilarms gebildet ist, und dass der mindestens eine zweite Behälter durch einen vom ersten Bereich getrennten zweiten Bereich des Verteilarms gebildet ist.Furthermore, according to an alternative embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the at least one first container is formed by a first area of a distribution arm, and that the at least one second container is formed by a second area of the distribution arm that is separate from the first area.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist diesbezüglich vorgesehen, dass die beiden Bereiche in der radialen Richtung, entlang der sich der Verteilarm erstreckt, nebeneinander verlaufen. Hierbei kann gemäß einer Ausführungsform weiterhin vorgesehen sein, dass die beiden Bereiche durch eine in der radialen Richtung erstreckte Trennwand des Verteilarms voneinander strömungstechnisch getrennt sind.According to one embodiment it is provided in this regard that the two regions run next to one another in the radial direction along which the distributor arm extends. Here, according to one embodiment, it can furthermore be provided that the two areas are fluidically separated from one another by a partition wall of the distributor arm that extends in the radial direction.
Gemäß einer alternativen Ausführungsform kann weiterhin vorgesehen sein, dass die beiden Bereiche in der radialen Richtung, entlang der sich der Verteilarm erstreckt, einander gegenüberliegen. Diesbezüglich kann weiterhin gemäß einer Ausführungsform vorgesehen sein, dass die beiden Bereiche durch eine in einer Umfangsrichtung des Kernrohres erstreckte Trennwand voneinander getrennt sind.According to an alternative embodiment, it can also be provided that the two areas are opposite one another in the radial direction along which the distributor arm extends. In this regard, it can furthermore be provided according to one embodiment that the two areas are separated from one another by a partition wall extending in a circumferential direction of the core tube.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Durchführung einer indirekten Wärmeübertragung zwischen zumindest einem ersten fluiden Medium und einem zweiten fluiden Medium unter Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Wärmeübertragers, wobei das zweite Medium in das Rohrbündel eingeleitet wird, und wobei ein erster Massenstrom des ersten Mediums über den Ringkanal in den mindestens einen ersten Behälter eingeleitet wird, und wobei (insbesondere zeitgleich) ein zweiter Massenstrom des ersten Mediums über den Sammelbehälter in den mindesten einen zweiten Behälter eingeleitet wird, wobei die beiden Massenströme (z.B. unter Verwendung der besagten Ventile) eingestellt werden, um die pro Fläche und Zeit über die Auslassöffnungen des mindestens einen ersten Behälters und die Auslassöffnungen des mindestens einen zweiten Behälters auf das Rohrbündel aufgegebene Menge der flüssigen Phase des ersten Mediums in der radialen Richtung des Rohrbündels zu verändern bzw. einzustellen.Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for performing an indirect heat transfer between at least a first fluid medium and a second fluid medium using a heat exchanger according to the invention, wherein the second medium is introduced into the tube bundle, and wherein a first mass flow of the first medium over the ring channel is introduced into the at least one first container, and wherein (in particular at the same time) a second mass flow of the first medium is introduced into the at least one second container via the collecting container, the two mass flows being set (e.g. using the said valves), in order to change the amount of the liquid phase of the first medium applied to the tube bundle per area and time via the outlet openings of the at least one first container and the outlet openings of the at least one second container in the radial direction of the tube bundle put.
Hierbei ist gemäß einer Ausführungsform des Verfahrens vorgesehen, dass die beiden Massenströme des ersten Mediums so eingestellt werden, dass die besagte Menge der flüssigen Phase des ersten Mediums in einer radialen Richtung des Rohrbündels nach außen hin monoton zunimmt oder nach außen hin monoton abnimmt.Here, according to one embodiment of the method, it is provided that the two mass flows of the first medium are set such that the said amount of the liquid phase of the first medium increases monotonically towards the outside in a radial direction of the tube bundle or decreases monotonously towards the outside.
Im Folgenden sollen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sowie weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung anhand der Figuren erläutert werden. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Schnittdarstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Wärmeübertragers;
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Schnittdarstellung entlang der Ebene A-A der
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 3
- eine schematische Schnittdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung; und
- Fig. 4
- eine schematische Schnittdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention;
- Fig. 2
- a schematic sectional view along the plane AA of FIG
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 3
- a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of the invention; and
- Fig. 4
- a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of the invention.
Die
Hierzu weist der Wärmeübertrager 1 im Einzelnen einen Mantel 2 auf, der den Mantelraum 3 umgibt, ein im Mantelraum 3 erstrecktes Kernrohr 4, auf das die Rohre 50 des Rohrbündels 5 gewickelt sind, wobei das Rohrbündel 5 zur Aufnahme zumindest eines fluiden zweiten Mediums M' ausgebildet ist, so dass zwischen dem ersten Medium M und dem mindestens einem zweiten Medium M' indirekt Wärme übertragbar ist. Das Kernrohr 4 dient bei der Herstellung des Wärmeübertragers 1 insbesondere als Kern bzw. Träger des Rohrbündels, wobei die einzelnen Rohre 50 unter Zwischenlage von Abstandshaltern auf das horizontal angeordnete Kernrohr 4 gewickelt werden. Beim Betrieb des Wärmeübertragers 1 erstreckt sich das Kernrohr 4 entlang der Vertikalen und trägt vorzugsweise zumindest einen Teil der Last der Rohre 50 des Rohrbündels 5 ab. Die einzelnen Rohre 50 sind vorzugsweise zumindest abschnittsweise schraubenlinienförmig auf bzw. um das Kernrohr 4 gewickelt. Ein derartiger Wärmeübertrager wird daher auch als gewickelter Wärmeübertrager 1 bezeichnet.For this purpose, the
Weiterhin weist der Wärmeübertrager 1 einen - bezogen auf die Vertikale bzw. Längsachse z des Kernrohres 4 - oberhalb des Rohrbündels 5 im Mantelraum 3 angeordneten Flüssigkeitsverteiler 6 zum Beaufschlagen des Rohrbündels 5 mit einer flüssigen Phase F des ersten Mediums M auf, wobei der Flüssigkeitsverteiler 6 vom Kernrohr 3 in radialer Richtung R abstehende Verteilarme 60 aufweist, die z.B. in der Draufsicht entlang der Längsachse z kreissektorförmig ausgestaltet sein können (vgl. auch
Weiterhin weist der Flüssigkeitsverteiler 6 bevorzugt einen oberhalb der Verteilarme 60 in einer Umfangsrichtung U des Mantels 2 erstreckten bzw. umlaufenden Ringkanal 61 auf sowie ferner einen durch das Kernrohr 4 gebildeten Sammelbehälter 62, wobei der Ringkanal 61 und der Sammelbehälter 62 jeweils zum Sammeln des ersten Mediums M, bei dem es sich insbesondere um ein Zweiphasengemisch handelt, ausgebildet sind. Im Sammelbehälter 62 und im Ringkanal 61 bzw. später in den Behältern 60a, 60b bzw. Bereichen 60a, 60b kann das erste Medium M beruhigt und entgast werden, so dass über die Verteilarme 60 letztlich eine flüssigen Phase F des ersten Mediums bzw. Kältemittels M auf das Rohrbündel 5 verteilbar ist.Furthermore, the
Wie aus den
Wie insbesondere anhand der
Weiterhin bilden zwei weitere, in radialer Richtung R einander gegenüberliegende Verteilarme 60 jeweils einen zweiten Behälter 60b, wobei der jeweilige zweite Behälter 60b im Unterschied zum jeweiligen ersten Behälter 60a vom Ringkanal 61 strömungstechnisch getrennt ist (z.B. durch einen Abschnitt 60e der inneren Wandung 61c des Ringkanals 61) und lediglich über den Sammelbehälter 62 bzw. das Kernrohr 4 von innen her mit der flüssigem Phase des F des ersten Mediums M gespeist wird. Hierzu kann eine Wandung des Kernrohrs 4 jeweils eine entsprechende Öffnung 4a aufweisen. Die Behälter 60a, 60b sind jeweils einem Bereich 5a bzw. 5b der Oberseite des Rohrbündels 5 zugeordnet (vgl.
Um die Verteilung der flüssigen Phase F zu beeinflussen, kann z.B. vorgesehen sein, dass die ersten und zweiten Behälter 60a, 60b unterschiedliche Flüssigkeitsstände und somit auch unterschiedliche Mengenströme zulassen. Weiterhin kann die Anordnung der Auslassöffnungen 600, 601 der ersten und zweiten Behälter 60a, 60b so ausgestaltet sein, dass sich radial unterschiedliche Flüssigkeitsmengen einstellen lassen. Z.B. können die mit dem Kernrohr 4 verbundenen zweiten Behälter 60b Auslassöffnungen 601 aufweisen, die in radialer Richtung R weiter innen gelegen sind als die Auslassöffnungen 600 der ersten Behälter 60a. So können z.B. die zweiten Behälter 60b nur Auslassöffnungen 601 für eine innere Hälfte des Rohrbündels 5 aufweisen und die mit dem Ringkanal 61 verbundenen ersten Behälter 60a können nur Auslassöffnungen 600 für die äußere Hälfte des Rohrbündels 5 aufweisen. Die Auslassöffnungen 600, 601 können hierbei auch in der Größe variiert werden bzw. es kann ein Überlapp der Auslassöffnungen 600 der ersten Behälter 60a mit den Auslassöffnungen 601 der zweiten Behälter 60b bezüglich der radialen Richtung vorgesehen sein.In order to influence the distribution of the liquid phase F, e.g. it can be provided that the first and
Wie
Durch entsprechendes Stellen der Ventile 7, 8 bzw. Regeln der beiden Massenströme des ersten Mediums M kann nun die Menge an flüssiger Phase F, die entlang der radialen Richtung R des Rohrbündels 5 auf das Rohrbündel 5 bzw. die Bereiche 5a, 5b aufgegeben wird variiert werden, um einer Fehlverteilung der flüssigen Phase F im Mantelraum 3 entgegenzuwirken.By appropriately setting the
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Der mindestens eine zweite Bereich 60b wird hingegen über eine Öffnung 4a des Kernrohres 4 mit der flüssigen Phase F des ersten Mediums M aus dem Sammelbehälter 62 versorgt und ist dabei z.B. durch einen Abschnitt 60e der inneren Wandung 61c des Ringkanals 61 vom Ringkanal 61 strömungstechnisch getrennt.The at least one
Insbesondere werden gemäß
Auch bei der
Durch entsprechendes Stellen der Ventile 7, 8 bzw. Regeln der beiden Massenströme des ersten Mediums M in den Ringkanal 61 bzw. in den Sammelbehälter kann nun die Menge an flüssiger Phase F, die entlang der radialen Richtung R des Rohrbündels 5 auf das Rohrbündel 5 bzw. die Bereiche 5a, 5b aufgegeben wird variiert werden, um einer Fehlverteilung der flüssigen Phase F im Mantelraum 3 entgegenzuwirken.By appropriately setting the
Hierbei ist wiederum gemäß einer Ausführungsform vorgesehen, dass die Auslassöffnungen 600, 601 der ersten und zweiten Behälter 60a, 60b so ausgestaltet sind, dass sich radial unterschiedliche Flüssigkeitsmengen einstellen lassen. Z.B. können die mit dem Kernrohr 4 verbundenen zweiten Behälter 60b Auslassöffnungen 601 aufweisen, die in radialer Richtung R weiter innen gelegen sind als die Auslassöffnungen 600 der ersten Behälter 60a. So können z.B. die zweiten Behälter 60b nur Auslassöffnungen 601 für eine innere Hälfte des Rohrbündels 5 aufweisen und die mit dem Ringkanal 61 verbundenen ersten Behälter 60a können nur Auslassöffnungen 600 für die äußere Hälfte des Rohrbündels 5 aufweisen (siehe oben).Here again, according to one embodiment, it is provided that the
Insbesondere werden gemäß
Wie bereits zuvor, wird der Ringkanal 61 gemäß
Durch entsprechendes Stellen der Ventile 7, 8 bzw. Regeln der beiden Massenströme des ersten Mediums M in den Ringkanal 61 bzw. in den Sammelbehälter 62 kann nun die Menge an flüssiger Phase F, die entlang der radialen Richtung R des Rohrbündels 5 auf das Rohrbündel 5 bzw. die Bereiche 5a, 5b aufgegeben wird variiert werden, um einer Fehlverteilung der flüssigen Phase F im Mantelraum 3 entgegenzuwirken. Wird z.B. der Massenstrom des ersten Mediums M in den Sammelbehälter 62 erhöht bzw. in den Ringkanal 61 herabgesetzt, wird mehr Flüssigkeit F über die innen gelegenen zweiten Bereiche 60b als über die außen gelegenen ersten Bereiche 60a auf das Rohrbündel 5 gegeben.By appropriately setting the
Aufgrund des erfindungsgemäßen Flüssigkeitsverteilers, kann auf jeden Einfluss seitens des Prozesses optimal reagiert werden und einer mantelseitigen Fehlverteilung entgegengewirkt werden, so dass sich die Leistung des Wärmeübertragers insgesamt verbessert.Because of the liquid distributor according to the invention, it is possible to react optimally to any influence on the part of the process and to counteract a maldistribution on the shell side, so that the overall performance of the heat exchanger is improved.
Die Realisierung der zwei Bereiche 60a, 60b kann auch über einen geteilten Ringkanal 61 (z.B. zwei Halbkreisringkanäle oder zwei konzentrische Ringkanäle) oder ein geteiltes Kernrohr 4 (z.B. ineinander gestecktes konzentrisches Kernrohr oder im Durchmesser geteiltes Kernrohr) erfolgen. Die Verteilarme 60 können des Weiteren auch jegliche andere räumliche Trennung aufweisen. Weiterhin können auch mehr als zwei Ventile bzw. Behälter zur Einstellung der Flüssigkeitsverteilung in radialer Richtung des Rohrbündels verwendet werden.The two
Claims (14)
dass die Verteilarme (60) zum Beaufschlagen des Rohrbündels (5) mit der flüssigen Phase (F) des ersten Mediums (M) zumindest einen ersten Behälter (60a) und zumindest einen vom ersten Behälter (60a) getrennten zweiten Behälter (60b) bilden, wobei der mindestens eine erste Behälter (60a) mit dem Ringkanal (61) in Strömungsverbindung steht, so dass die flüssige Phase (F) des ersten Mediums (M) aus dem Ringkanal (61) in den mindestens einen ersten Behälter (60a) einleitbar ist und von dort über Auslassöffnungen (600) des mindestens einen ersten Behälters (60a) auf einen ersten Bereich (5a) des Rohrbündels (5) verteilbar ist, und wobei der mindestens eine zweite Behälter (60b) mit dem Sammelbehälter (62) in Strömungsverbindung steht, so dass die flüssige Phase (F) des ersten Mediums (M) aus dem Sammelbehälter (62) in den mindestens einen zweiten Behälter (60b) einleitbar ist und von dort über Auslassöffnungen (601) des mindestens einen zweiten Behälters (60b) auf einen zweiten Bereich (5b) des Rohrbündels (5) verteilbar ist.Heat exchanger (1), with:
that the distribution arms (60) for applying the tube bundle (5) with the liquid phase (F) of the first medium (M) form at least one first container (60a) and at least one second container (60b) separated from the first container (60a), wherein the at least one first container (60a) is in flow connection with the annular channel (61) so that the liquid phase (F) of the first medium (M) can be introduced from the annular channel (61) into the at least one first container (60a) and can be distributed from there via outlet openings (600) of the at least one first container (60a) to a first area (5a) of the tube bundle (5), and the at least one second container (60b) is in flow connection with the collecting container (62) so that the liquid phase (F) of the first medium (M) can be introduced from the collecting container (62) into the at least one second container (60b) and from there via outlet openings (601) of the at least one second container (60b) can be distributed over a second region (5b) of the tube bundle (5).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP19020246.5A EP3719433A1 (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2019-04-02 | Adjustable liquid distributor of a coiled heat exchanger for implementing different liquid loads |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3719434A1 true EP3719434A1 (en) | 2020-10-07 |
EP3719434B1 EP3719434B1 (en) | 2021-12-15 |
Family
ID=66091838
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19020246.5A Withdrawn EP3719433A1 (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2019-04-02 | Adjustable liquid distributor of a coiled heat exchanger for implementing different liquid loads |
EP20020143.2A Active EP3719434B1 (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2020-03-31 | Adjustable liquid distributor of a coiled heat exchanger for implementing different liquid loads |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19020246.5A Withdrawn EP3719433A1 (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2019-04-02 | Adjustable liquid distributor of a coiled heat exchanger for implementing different liquid loads |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11236945B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP3719433A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN111795590B (en) |
CY (1) | CY1124903T1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116379520A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-07-04 | 北京纵力能源科技服务有限公司 | Water quantity equalizer of central air conditioner cooling system |
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DE102012016500A1 (en) * | 2012-08-21 | 2013-08-22 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Heat exchanger, particularly liquid distributor for distributing liquid phase, has distribution container has receptacle for closure element along opening, from which closure element is moved out and unit for partially blocking opening |
EP3367034A1 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-08-29 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Heat exchanger and method for distributing a liquid phase in a heat exchanger |
EP3367033A1 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-08-29 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Heat exchanger and method for distributing a liquid phase in a heat exchanger |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2020111039A (en) | 2021-09-17 |
CN111795590A (en) | 2020-10-20 |
EP3719433A1 (en) | 2020-10-07 |
CN111795590B (en) | 2024-06-07 |
US20200318912A1 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
EP3719434B1 (en) | 2021-12-15 |
US11236945B2 (en) | 2022-02-01 |
CY1124903T1 (en) | 2023-01-05 |
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