EP3710135A1 - Dispositif de capture et de concentration efficaces de co2 à partir de flux gazeux dans un adsorbeur à lit radial - Google Patents

Dispositif de capture et de concentration efficaces de co2 à partir de flux gazeux dans un adsorbeur à lit radial

Info

Publication number
EP3710135A1
EP3710135A1 EP18796996.9A EP18796996A EP3710135A1 EP 3710135 A1 EP3710135 A1 EP 3710135A1 EP 18796996 A EP18796996 A EP 18796996A EP 3710135 A1 EP3710135 A1 EP 3710135A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compartment
insert
desorption
mode
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18796996.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sjoerd Daamen
Sasa Marinic
Igor Vlaceslavovic BABICH
Gerrit VAN PUTTEN
Paul O'connor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Climeworks AG
Original Assignee
Climeworks AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Climeworks AG filed Critical Climeworks AG
Publication of EP3710135A1 publication Critical patent/EP3710135A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0431—Beds with radial gas flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
    • B01D53/0446—Means for feeding or distributing gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
    • B01D53/82—Solid phase processes with stationary reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
    • B01D2251/306—Alkali metal compounds of potassium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
    • B01D2251/606—Carbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/112—Metals or metal compounds not provided for in B01D2253/104 or B01D2253/106
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and method for ca ptu ring a nd
  • US 2001/0022955 describes a reactor having active regenerable packing for treati ng gas, incl uding also capturi ng of C0 2 , said reactor packing com prises at least one bed of active pa rticles, especial ly of adsorbent, said bed bei ng a nnular, wherein gas is treated in a cycle which comprises at least one treatment phase, i n the course of which a gas to be treated is caused to circulate th rough the packaging, and at least one phase for regenerating the packing, for exam ple by a TSA process (Temperatu re Swi ng Adsorption or modulated tem perature
  • Regeneration comprises a phase of flushing with a dry a nd decarbonated regeneration gas.
  • the adsorption /desorption cycles are done by switching flow of one reactor from one mode to a nother mode or by using 2 u nits with one in adsorption mode and another in desorption mode.
  • WO 2017/053062 descri bes apparatuses, systems, and methods for performi ng two stage separation of C0 2 from a gaseous stream.
  • the fi rst and second stage adsorbent ca n be a rranged radially about a centra l axis
  • the first stage adsorbent being steam sensitive a nd a second stage adsorbent being stea m insensitive.
  • the method comprising a fi rst C0 2 adsorption; desorbing C0 2 from the fi rst stage adsorbent forming a fi rst C0 2 -rich strea m and contacting the first C0 2 -rich stream with a second stage stea m i nsensitive adsorbent such that C0 2 is adsorbed in the second stage adsorbent and a second C0 2 -lean stream is formed; and desorbing C0 2 from the second stage adsorbent thereby formi ng a second C0 2 rich stream wherein the second C0 2 rich stream has a higher C0 2 concentration by mol.
  • a device for the capturing and concentration of C0 2 comprising a vessel C comprising one or more tubular, ring shaped compartments B comprising a space between an inner and an outer circle containing a solid sorbent capable of capturing C0 2 from a gaseous stream, wherein in an adsorption mode the gaseous stream is introduced in the inner space A of the compartment B and flows through the compartment B, and wherein in a desorption mode a desorption stream is introduced directly into the space between the inner and outer circle of the compartment B and an insert D is used in the inner space A to prevent gasses flowing through the inner circle of compartment B.
  • gaseous streams can be contacted with a solid sorbent at relatively high gas velocities while ensuring a low pressure drop and a good gas-solid mass transfer. Further advantages are a lower energy consumption and improved separation efficiency of C0 2 from air and faster adsorption/desorption cycles. Higher gas velocities allow a lower surface area, so hence a reduced footprint and cost of the equipment.
  • the adsorbent becomes saturated and needs to be regenerated after some adsorption time by a desorption step.
  • Regeneration comprises flushing the adsorbent with a regeneration gas (the desorption gas stream) that will take up the C0 2 from the sorbent.
  • a regeneration gas the desorption gas stream
  • the temperature and humidity are increased, pressure is reduced, and steam is injected, preferably in a down flow, to desorb C0 2 from the solid sorbent in compartment B.
  • the regeneration in the desorption mode is done by entering regeneration gas into the central space passing through the sorbent in a generally radial and centrifugal manner, arriving into the outer space of the vessel and by consequence, the C0 2 in the desorption gas stream will be less concentrated.
  • the adsorption /desorption cycles are done by switching flow of one reactor from one mode to another mode or by using 2 units with one in adsorption mode and another in desorption mode.
  • a higher efficiency and higher concentration of C0 2 in the desorption stream can be achieved as in a desorption mode a desorption stream is introduced directly into the space between the inner and outer circle of the compartment B and an insert D is used in the inner space A to prevent gasses flowing through the inner circle of compartment B.
  • the device is more compact, more efficient and cost effective.
  • a gaseous stream containing C0 2 [ see Figure 1, inlet Gj is introduced in the inner circle of the compartment for adsorption [depicted as A, Figure 1] and flows through the ring-shaped compartment filled with a C0 2 sorbent [Figure 1, B] to the outer ring [ Figure 1, C]. Where gaseous stream with depleted C0 2 level exits the compartment on the outer circle of the ring [ Figure 1, Gj.
  • Diameter of the inner space is preferably at least 2 times thickness of the ring [defined as D b in Figure 1].
  • a part of the ring-shaped compartment (B) that is not covered by the insert (D) forms a C0 2 adsorption section
  • a part of the ring-shaped compartment (B) that is covered by the insert (D) and preferably also Jacket (J) forms a C0 2 desorption section.
  • the desorption gas stream is introduced into the desorption section of the ring-shaped compartment (B), preferably in a top down flow mode and exiting at the bottom of the C0 2 desorption section.
  • adsorption and desorption steps can be done in the same compartment B and simultaneous.
  • the insert and jacket can be rotated radially over the compartment B to move the desorption section (arrow in Figure 3).
  • One or more adsorption compartments B can be placed in one vessel C to minimise the cost of the installation [see Figure 4].
  • Figure 5a illustrates the device during adsorption mode wherein the expandable insert D, preferably a balloon, is contracted in the centre of the inner space A and the outer expandable Jacket J is extended against the outer wall of vessel C leaving an open space for the gas flow to move through the compartment B.
  • the outer pressure PI is atmospheric (1 bar) and pressure P2 in Vessel C is higher than PI such that the outer expandable jacket J is expanded away from the outer circle of compartment B is and the pressure P3 in the inner space A enclosed by compartment B is higher than P2 such that the gaseous stream flows through the compartment B and expandable insert D is shrunk away from the inner circle of compartment B.
  • Figure 5b illustrates the device during adsorption mode wherein the air is evacuated from the system through output So, while the air input and output are closed leading to a vacuum in the system (P2 and P3 lower than PI).
  • This vacuum will cause a difference in pressure between the in- and outside of the expandable insert D and jacket J causing expandable insert D to expand and press against the inner circle of compartment B and the outer expandable jacket J to shrink around the outer circle of the compartment B.
  • Fig 5c illustrates the inflated expandable insert D occupying the dead space in the inner space A of compartment B, and the expandable jacket J pressed against the outer circle of the compartment, thus effectively isolating the sorbent bed to be desorbed by vacuum steam stripping at low pressure P4.
  • the compartment B can be a cylindrical double wall compartment wherein the walls have perforations to permit air to flow through and containing solid adsorbent between the inner and outer circular walls.
  • the compartment B can also be a porous solid compartment, preferably a honeycomb, or one or more porous carpets or fabrics comprising sorbent capable of capturing C0 2 from the gaseous stream.
  • compartment B it is meant to indicate the direction of the gas flow in cross- sectional view ( Figure 2). This is also meant to include the gasses flowing through the inner and outer surface of the compartment B (as in Figure 1), i.e. through the inner and outer walls of a double walled compartment or through the inner and outer surface of a porous solid compartment, carpet or fabric.
  • the gaseous stream preferably air
  • the desorption gas stream coming from the compartment B in desorption mode, can be vented from the vessel C wherein the compartment B is placed.
  • the desorption gas stream preferably steam
  • the desorption gas stream is introduced directly in compartment B, preferably in down flow, by means of an inlet Si and evacuated at the opposite side So of the compartment B.
  • this process might require a preheating step which can be done by means of electrical heating.
  • the insert D optionally in combination with the jacket J can be used for heating and/or cooling the compartment B to avoid steam condensation. For the same reason the process may require reduced pressure, resulting in the fact that materials and construction are chosen accordingly.
  • the device can be operated in a fractional desorption mode, separating the desorbed fractions according to their purity. For example, when C0 2 concentration is low at the start of the desorption, a fraction of the desorption stream comprising desorbed C0 2 at the start is collected separately from the later higher C0 2 content stream.
  • Suitable sorbents are described in the prior art Dl and D2 described above. Suitable sorbents and methods for adsorption/desorption processes of C0 2 that can be used in this invention are described in WO2014012963,
  • the sorbent is a non-amine material, for instance a potassium carbonate.
  • the insert D also reduces the volume of the inner space A, preferably for at least 25, 50 or 75 %. This drives out air in the inner space A and reduces leaking of air into the desorption gas stream and thus reduces dilution of the C0 2 therein.
  • a jacket J is used opposite to the insert D at the outer circle of the compartment B, to also prevent cross sectional flow through the outer circle of the compartment B.
  • a desorption stream Si is introduced directly into the space between the inner and outer circle of the compartment B, the desorption stream is forced to flow between the insert D and jacket J resulting in higher concentration (less dilution) of C0 2 in the desorption stream So.
  • insert D and jacket J can be a metal or polymeric material shaped to fit the inner or outer circle of the compartment B, but can also be a flexible material, for example a flexible expandable insert, for example a balloon type of insert, or a flexible flap that can cover part or all of the surface of the inner or outer circle of compartment B.
  • the flexible flap can be pressed against at least part of the inner or outer circle of the compartment B either by vacuum suction or by gas flow pressure or a combination thereof.
  • the flexible expandable insert preferably a balloon can be inflated and deflated.
  • insert D prevents gasses flowing through part of the inner circle of compartment B, preferably a part having a radial size between 10 and 280°, preferably between 150 and 210°, more preferably about 180 0 (as in Figure 3), wherein insert D creates a desorption zone where it covers the inner circle of compartment B and an adsorption zone where it does not cover the inner circle of compartment B.
  • the insert D and jacket J can together form a double walled cylinder section with a radial size between 10 and 280°, preferably between 150 and 210°, more preferably about 180°.
  • the insert D preferably together with jacket J, can be rotated around a central longitudinal axis to radially move over compartment B, thus creating a continuously movable desorption and adsorption zone within one compartment B.
  • the insert D and the outer jacket J can rotate simultaneously to facilitate continuous process.
  • a nitrogen cushion is applied between the adsorption section and the desorption section of compartment B to purge residual gasses from the sorbent material and prevent dilution with air from inner space A.
  • This nitrogen cushion can be applied by injecting nitrogen gas into the compartment B from the edges of the insert D and/or jacket J, for example from a perforated tube or slit positioned along the edge of insert D and/or jacket J (see dots on edge of jacket in Figure 3).
  • the insert D prevents gasses to flow through the entire inner circle of compartment B and preferably also having a jacket J at the outer circle of the compartment B to prevent gasses to flow through the entire outer circle of compartment B.
  • the insert D and jacket J together form a double walled cylinder wherein the walls are spaced to enclose compartment B, which double walled cylinder is placed over the compartment B in desorption mode.
  • insert D is an expandable insert, preferably a balloon, which in desorption mode can expand towards the inner circle of compartment B to prevent gasses flowing through the inner circle of compartment B and which in adsorption mode shrinks back to allow gasses to flow through the inner circle of compartment B.
  • the device according to the invention preferably comprises a pressure control unit operating the device
  • the device preferably also comprises a jacket J in the form of an expandable jacket, preferably a balloon, that in adsorption mode expands away from the outer circle of compartment B to allow gasses to flow through
  • the device comprises a pressure control unit operating the device
  • the invention also relates to a process for the effective capturing and concentration of C0 2 using a device according to anyone of the embodiments herein described, wherein preferably the adsorption and desorption process is operated in a continuous mode.
  • a device for the effective capturing and concentration of C0 2 comprising a tubular, ring shaped compartment containing a solid sorbent capable of capturing C0 2 from a gaseous stream.
  • Step 1) gas is flowing through the compartment from inside out during the adsorption of C0 2 .
  • Step 2 temperature and humidity are increased, pressure is reduced, and steam is injected to desorb C0 2 .
  • Step 3 temperature and humidity from Step 2 are decreased where after Step 1 commences.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)

Abstract

Un dispositif de capture et de concentration CO2 comprend un récipient C comprenant un ou plusieurs compartiments tubulaires B en forme d'anneau comprenant un espace entre un cercle intérieur et un cercle extérieur contenant un sorbant solide capable de capturer CO2 à partir d'un flux gazeux, dans un mode d'adsorption, le flux gazeux est introduit dans l'espace interne A du compartiment B et s'écoule à travers le compartiment B, et dans lequel, dans un mode de désorption, un flux de désorption est introduit directement dans l'espace entre le cercle intérieur et extérieur du compartiment B et un insert D est utilisé dans l'espace intérieur A pour empêcher des gaz s'écoulant à travers le cercle intérieur du compartiment B. L'invention concerne également un processus de capture et de concentration CO2 à l'aide du dispositif.
EP18796996.9A 2017-11-13 2018-11-13 Dispositif de capture et de concentration efficaces de co2 à partir de flux gazeux dans un adsorbeur à lit radial Withdrawn EP3710135A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17201374.0A EP3482813A1 (fr) 2017-11-13 2017-11-13 Dispositif de capture et de concentration efficaces de co2 à partir de flux gazeux dans un lit radial
PCT/EP2018/081124 WO2019092288A1 (fr) 2017-11-13 2018-11-13 Dispositif de capture et de concentration efficaces de co2 à partir de flux gazeux dans un adsorbeur à lit radial

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3710135A1 true EP3710135A1 (fr) 2020-09-23

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17201374.0A Withdrawn EP3482813A1 (fr) 2017-11-13 2017-11-13 Dispositif de capture et de concentration efficaces de co2 à partir de flux gazeux dans un lit radial
EP18796996.9A Withdrawn EP3710135A1 (fr) 2017-11-13 2018-11-13 Dispositif de capture et de concentration efficaces de co2 à partir de flux gazeux dans un adsorbeur à lit radial

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17201374.0A Withdrawn EP3482813A1 (fr) 2017-11-13 2017-11-13 Dispositif de capture et de concentration efficaces de co2 à partir de flux gazeux dans un lit radial

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (2) EP3482813A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019092288A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112604449B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2023-01-10 深圳市杰准精密机械有限公司 一种医用手动制氧装置
WO2023222441A1 (fr) 2022-05-18 2023-11-23 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Système de capture de dioxyde de carbone
CN117085459B (zh) * 2023-10-20 2024-02-13 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 低温吸附净化装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3482813A1 (fr) 2019-05-15
WO2019092288A1 (fr) 2019-05-16

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