EP3707807A1 - Method for monitoring rolling bearings - Google Patents
Method for monitoring rolling bearingsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3707807A1 EP3707807A1 EP18796651.0A EP18796651A EP3707807A1 EP 3707807 A1 EP3707807 A1 EP 3707807A1 EP 18796651 A EP18796651 A EP 18796651A EP 3707807 A1 EP3707807 A1 EP 3707807A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electric motor
- bearing
- change
- electromagnetic
- electromagnetic pulses
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
- H02K11/35—Devices for recording or transmitting machine parameters, e.g. memory chips or radio transmitters for diagnosis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/04—Bearings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/001—Measuring interference from external sources to, or emission from, the device under test, e.g. EMC, EMI, EMP or ESD testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
- G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
- F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
- F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2233/00—Monitoring condition, e.g. temperature, load, vibration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2380/00—Electrical apparatus
- F16C2380/26—Dynamo-electric machines or combinations therewith, e.g. electro-motors and generators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/0864—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics characterised by constructional or functional features
- G01R29/0892—Details related to signal analysis or treatment; presenting results, e.g. displays; measuring specific signal features other than field strength, e.g. polarisation, field modes, phase, envelope, maximum value
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for monitoring rolling bearings in an electrical machine, such. As an EC motor.
- Variable-speed motors today are predominantly fed by voltage intermediate-circuit converters.
- a pulse inverter for example, a capacitive
- the main task of a method for monitoring the state of the bearings of particular rotating or rotating machinery, such as EC motors is to allow as possible without interruption in service, an assessment of the current state of storage and any changes in the state.
- Under storage condition in the sense of the present invention is meant the evaluation of the technical condition of the Bearing regarding the change of the bearing due to spark erosion,
- the invention is therefore based on the object to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages and to provide a reliable and inexpensive to implement solution for monitoring the storage condition and in particular to detect damage to the rolling bearing.
- the basic idea of the invention lies in the fact that by measuring high-frequency radio radiation between the balls and the running surface of the bearing, as a result of sparks, a conclusion on the bearing quality can be drawn from the electromagnetic waves obtained therefrom.
- an electrical spark spark discharge
- the same phenomenon takes place between the bearing raceway and the bearing ball on the surface.
- the spark current which leads to the electric spark is the bearing current described above which, together with the rotation of parts of the bearing (balls and raceway of the Balls in the bearing) causes a kind of spark erosion.
- antenna parasitsitic antenna
- the bearing damage continues to increase in number and extent over time due to said spark erosion, but the increase in bearing damage does not behave linearly with time.
- the already existing number of bearing damage to the balls of the rolling bearing has in addition to the actual erosion process on the formation of further bearing damage, since this adversely changes the required position between tread and spherical surface.
- the invention it is therefore provided to use the evaluation of the electromagnetic pulses in a specific time interval for determining the storage condition.
- By evaluating these pulses namely by averaging the signals at the output of the receiver and by the subsequent calculation of the rate of change of the mean value, it can be concluded that the state of the bearing.
- the determined average value increases and changes faster and faster with increasing bearing damage.
- the measured electromagnetic spectrum is subjected to spectral analysis in such a way that the number of electromagnetic pulses is formed over a defined time unit, the mean value of the electromagnetic pulses over this time and the time differential of the average values. This makes it possible according to the invention to monitor the storage condition in a cost-effective manner by means of a receiving antenna and an evaluation device.
- a preferred option for analysis and prognosis is the use of reference data.
- a corresponding reference model is designed for the respective EC motor.
- the reference model includes a data set with the electromagnetic pulses of a specific frequency band for different storage conditions, in which a bearing damage of the bearing is present in each case in different form.
- a non-linear storage status curve is extrapolated, which represents the non-linear course of a bearing damage. It is particularly advantageous if the mean value curve is not determined or extrapolated, and a maximum differential is defined as the absolute limit differential from which the bearing is considered to be "defective.” Exceeds the increase in the electromagnetic impulses Thus, for each defined time interval, the value of the limit differential, an error signal can be output, for example.
- a second limit (relative limit differential) is defined, which represents a state in time, which is before reaching the absolute limit differential (defect of the bearing) and announces the expected soon bearing failure. Based on the actual curve and the average operating time of the failure time can be predicted so that not only the current state, but also the forecast course of the storage condition are detected by means of the invention can, so that a preventive maintenance is feasible.
- So z. B. also fully automatically a demand request are triggered when the limit of the relative limit differential is detected.
- a certain frequency band electromagnetic waves are detected by the receiver. It is particularly advantageous if this frequency band is selectively tuned to the resonance frequency of the parasitic transmitting antenna of the EC motor.
- the receiver not only a single bearing in the EC motor, but depending on the frequency and thus in dependence of the vote of the parasitic antenna (s) on the receiver frequency (s) also several bearings are monitored in the engine.
- the parasitic antennas must be detuned by additional reactances (inductances and capacitances) in the resonant frequency. On the sparking so such, this has no appreciable effect, since the spark itself always emits a comparatively broadband frequency band electromagnetic safe waves.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to an EC motor with a bearing monitoring device comprising a receiving antenna and an evaluation device for evaluating the electromagnetic waves.
- the receiving antenna is arranged directly on the circuit board of the motor.
- FIG. 3 shows an extrapolated curve of the rate of change of the mean values of the detected electromagnetic pulses from bearing damage
- FIG. 4 shows an example of an equivalent circuit diagram of an electric motor with one
- the spectral lines a, b, c, d are each intended to represent a bearing damage in the roller bearing 2 and represent the corresponding amplitudes in the frequency spectrum. These are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 by way of example only as discrete spectral shown lines.
- the magnitude of the bearing damage is determined by the amplitude A. The higher the amplitude and the corresponding contribution, the greater the bearing damage.
- only 7 such spectral lines from the (not shown) frequency spectrum are shown by way of example in FIG. 1, while in FIG. 2 further damage has been added by way of example (represented by the spectral lines e).
- spectral lines a, b, c, d, e are used in the monitoring of the rolling bearing 2 of an electric motor 1 shown in FIG. It is assumed that the rolling bearing 2 to be monitored forms a capacitive parasitic antenna 3 which emits electromagnetic waves due to the sparking in the rolling bearing 2 due to the bearing damage present.
- an evaluation of the number N of electromagnetic pulses and their amplitude A, obtained in the frequency spectrum takes place averaging the pulses a, b, c, d, e contained in the frequency band f s (the range between the dashed lines) for the evaluation.
- the average values are plotted over the time at the respective acquisition times. This results in a nonlinear curve, as shown in FIG. 3, since the rate of change increases with time. Thus, the change in the increase from the time t1 to the time t2 is less than the subsequent change over the same time interval, since there the bearing damage continues to increase non-linearly.
- limit values are also merely exemplified, namely the first limit GWr and the second limit GWm, the first limit is to define a state in which the expected remaining life corresponds to a defined value, resulting from the previous rate of change and the operating time at which the rate of change results when the time of the first limit value is reached.
- FIG. 4 additionally shows a display 8 for displaying a spectrum 9, which was determined by the bearing monitoring device 5, in order to be able to display the results for a person graphically and possibly signals, warnings or the like in a simple manner for a user of the engine. It is advantageous if the bearing monitoring device 5 is already an integral part of the engine electronics.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102017125890.6A DE102017125890A1 (en) | 2017-11-06 | 2017-11-06 | Method for monitoring rolling bearings |
PCT/EP2018/080012 WO2019086606A1 (en) | 2017-11-06 | 2018-11-02 | Method for monitoring rolling bearings |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3707807A1 true EP3707807A1 (en) | 2020-09-16 |
Family
ID=64100658
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18796651.0A Pending EP3707807A1 (en) | 2017-11-06 | 2018-11-02 | Method for monitoring rolling bearings |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11105711B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3707807A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN111316540B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102017125890A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2019086606A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102021125852A1 (en) | 2021-10-05 | 2023-04-06 | HCP Sense GmbH | Method for determining an extent of damage in a bearing |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5812556A (en) * | 1981-07-14 | 1983-01-24 | Hitachi Ltd | Spark monitoring device for current collector |
DE3543927A1 (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1987-06-19 | Kraftwerk Union Ag | METHOD FOR PARTIAL DISCHARGE DETECTION AND Tear-off Spark Measurement in DYNAMOELECTRIC HIGH-VOLTAGE MACHINES AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION |
JPH0273499A (en) * | 1988-09-09 | 1990-03-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Monitoring method for abnormality of machine |
DD293422A5 (en) * | 1990-04-02 | 1991-08-29 | Technische Hochschule Zittau,De | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR DETERMINING THE CAUSE OF CONTAMINATION IN SLIDING BEARINGS |
JP2636097B2 (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1997-07-30 | 動力炉・核燃料開発事業団 | Monitoring device for the amount of wear of thrust bearings in immersion type electric pumps |
DE4128807A1 (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1993-03-04 | Hoesch Ag | DEVICE FOR MONITORING ROLLER BEARINGS |
US5511422A (en) * | 1993-04-09 | 1996-04-30 | Monitoring Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for analyzing and detecting faults in bearings and other rotating components that slip |
US5852793A (en) | 1997-02-18 | 1998-12-22 | Dme Corporation | Method and apparatus for predictive diagnosis of moving machine parts |
GB0200867D0 (en) * | 2002-01-15 | 2002-03-06 | Univ Glasgow | Electric motor monitoring system |
US7649470B2 (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2010-01-19 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Method and apparatus for detection of brush sparking and spark erosion on electrical machines |
JP2005538674A (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2005-12-15 | アルストム テクノロジー リミテッド | Method and apparatus for capturing brush sparks and spark erosion in electrical machines |
DE20301956U1 (en) | 2003-02-07 | 2004-06-17 | Ab Skf | Device for protecting a bearing of an electrical machine from a damaging electrical continuity |
DE102004016738B3 (en) | 2004-04-05 | 2005-11-10 | Siemens Ag | Compensation device for avoiding harmful bearing currents in an electrical machine and corresponding compensation method |
AT502199B1 (en) * | 2006-02-24 | 2007-02-15 | Chemserv Ind Service Gmbh | Electric motor`s roller bearing monitoring device, has monitoring arrangement with data memory for storing data detected in time-referenced manner over observation period, and evaluating circuit designed as portable device with input unit |
ATE439695T1 (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2009-08-15 | Skf Ab | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES IN A BEARING OF AN ELECTRICAL DRIVE SYSTEM |
JP2008268187A (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-11-06 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method and device for diagnosing abnormality of extremely low speed rotary machine |
DE102007020938B8 (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2009-04-23 | Rothe Erde Gmbh | Device for detecting and monitoring damage to rolling bearings |
FI20080438A0 (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2008-07-15 | Abb Oy | Method and apparatus for measuring bearing currents in an electric machine |
DE102009044509A1 (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2011-05-19 | Minebea Co., Ltd. | Operation monitoring device for spindle motor of hard disk drive of computer, has signal processing unit for outputting operating condition of bearing based on result of comparison of analysis of detected spectrum with expected spectrum |
EP2513642A1 (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2012-10-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for detecting plasma bearing currents |
DE102010002297A1 (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2011-08-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, 80333 | Method and device for evaluating the damage to rolling bearings, in particular to converter-fed electrical machines |
-
2017
- 2017-11-06 DE DE102017125890.6A patent/DE102017125890A1/en active Pending
-
2018
- 2018-11-02 US US16/761,747 patent/US11105711B2/en active Active
- 2018-11-02 CN CN201880071823.XA patent/CN111316540B/en active Active
- 2018-11-02 WO PCT/EP2018/080012 patent/WO2019086606A1/en unknown
- 2018-11-02 EP EP18796651.0A patent/EP3707807A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN111316540A (en) | 2020-06-19 |
DE102017125890A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
CN111316540B (en) | 2022-07-22 |
WO2019086606A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
US11105711B2 (en) | 2021-08-31 |
US20200264073A1 (en) | 2020-08-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2304866B1 (en) | Method and system for monitoring the bearing current of an electrical machine | |
DE102008043103A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for monitoring and / or analyzing rotors of electric machines in operation | |
DE102016116118A1 (en) | Rolling elements for use in a rolling bearing | |
EP1537428B1 (en) | Method and device for detecting sparking and spark erosion in electric machines | |
DE60301329T2 (en) | ELECTRIC MOTOR-CONTROL SYSTEM | |
EP2737292B1 (en) | Method and arrangment for determining and/or monitoring the state of a roller bearing | |
EP3673231B1 (en) | Inductive sensor | |
EP3707807A1 (en) | Method for monitoring rolling bearings | |
EP3997469B1 (en) | Detection of partial discharge | |
DE202017106703U1 (en) | Device for monitoring rolling bearings | |
EP2513642A1 (en) | Method for detecting plasma bearing currents | |
EP3655786A1 (en) | Method and arrangement for detecting partial discharges in an electric operating means | |
DE102006025626A1 (en) | Procedure for rolling bearing diagnosis | |
DE102014103688A1 (en) | Device and method for error detection in machines | |
EP3671196B1 (en) | System for determining an aging state of an elastomeric product | |
WO2019179645A1 (en) | Method and measuring assembly for detecting an electromagnetic disturbance influence on a line core of an electrical line | |
EP4031840A1 (en) | Sensor network assembly | |
WO2008031659A1 (en) | Device for determining and/or monitoring a process variable | |
WO2018206707A1 (en) | Measuring arrangement for measuring a position and/or a rotational speed of a shaft | |
WO2018153680A1 (en) | Device and method for monitoring a leakage current | |
DE102015106188B4 (en) | System for inspecting impulse wire quality and method for inspecting impulse wire quality | |
DE102021109102B3 (en) | Method for monitoring a device state of a device; system | |
AT522128B1 (en) | Checking sheath voltage limiters | |
DE102018207171B4 (en) | Impedance limit switch, based on electrical resonance formation, with optimized data analysis to improve immunity to interference | |
DE102021006193A1 (en) | Sensor and method for monitoring an electrically operated drive system using a sensor |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20200506 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: G01R 31/34 20200101AFI20210414BHEP |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20210511 |