EP3701574A1 - Dispositif de stockage d'énergie - Google Patents
Dispositif de stockage d'énergieInfo
- Publication number
- EP3701574A1 EP3701574A1 EP18789156.9A EP18789156A EP3701574A1 EP 3701574 A1 EP3701574 A1 EP 3701574A1 EP 18789156 A EP18789156 A EP 18789156A EP 3701574 A1 EP3701574 A1 EP 3701574A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cover
- substrate
- stack
- electrode
- storage system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0436—Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/1245—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure characterised by the external coating on the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/623—Portable devices, e.g. mobile telephones, cameras or pacemakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/102—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/11—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by their shape or physical structure having a structure in the form of a chip
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
- H01M50/117—Inorganic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
- H01M50/117—Inorganic material
- H01M50/119—Metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/131—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas-permeability or size
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
- H01M50/157—Inorganic material
- H01M50/159—Metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/40—Printed batteries, e.g. thin film batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrochemical energy storage device.
- microelectronic device any type of device made with the means of microelectronics. These devices include, in addition to purely electronic devices, micromechanical or electromechanical devices (MEMS, NEMS %) as well as optical or optoelectronic devices (MOEMS ).
- MEMS micromechanical or electromechanical devices
- MOEMS optical or optoelectronic devices
- a specific interest of the invention is the production of electrochemical energy storage devices. This includes devices such as battery, accumulator or capacitor using an electrolyte. BACKGROUND
- the electrochemical energy storage systems are generally made by successive deposits on a substrate of a first current collector, a first electrode, an electrolyte or ionic conductor, a second electrode, and a second current collector. Encapsulation, through additional layer deposition, or bonnet transfer, is often required to protect the system from chemical reactivity with oxygen and water vapor.
- the migration of one or more ions between the two electrodes through the electrolyte allows either to store energy or to deliver it to an external circuit.
- the energy storage component is formed with intrinsically transparent materials.
- the storage component often battery or capacitor, consists of a stack of materials that all have intrinsic transparency. It can also be materials having a very small thickness so as to minimize the total opacity of the component.
- This type of component has the disadvantage of a low overall energy storage performance. Indeed the thicknesses are often low for optimize the overall transparency, and thus limit the volume of material used for storage (insertion electrodes) or have an intrinsic storage capacity lower than that obtained by conventional materials, less transparent.
- a component architecture integrating opaque materials structured in a grid on the support substrate.
- a degree of transparency is obtained by structuring conventional materials in the form of a grid.
- the geometry of the grid makes it possible to modulate the overall transparency of the component, while selecting conventional materials with high electrochemical performance, disregarding their optical properties.
- This approach also makes it possible to decorrelate the transparency and the storage capacity of the components, since increasing the thickness of the electrodes makes it possible to increase the storage capacity without modifying the opening rate of the grid (opaque materials surface ratio / transparent surface) and therefore transparency.
- the patent publication US 2013/0252089 A1 discloses an energy storage device formed in a network on a support. It comprises a stack of layers forming a capacitive assembly, the stack comprising a sealing layer covering the other layers and may have a light absorption character. This attempt to limit the effects of stray light, however, is not optimal.
- a non-limiting aspect of the invention relates to an energy storage device, comprising a substrate having an optically transparent portion in a predefined wavelength range, and at least one electrochemical energy storage system comprising, from a face of the transparent portion, a stack having successively a first current collector, a first electrode, an electrolyte, a second electrode, a second current collector, the stack being covered at least partially with a cover .
- at least part of the cover has a light absorbance coefficient greater than or equal to 80%, preferably greater than 90%.
- the covering covers, preferably completely, the upper surface (that is to say, its opposite side to the substrate) of the second current collector.
- this absorption is advantageously limited to the area corresponding to the second collector, and the sides of the stack are not covered.
- This avoids increasing the width of the complete storage system in contact with the substrate to preserve a large opening of the substrate, and thus promote transparency. Nevertheless, the coverage remains effective in that it captures a majority of the heat from the impact light in the storage system and that the exchange surface it provides with the capacitive stack is high.
- the cover is also concentrated at an interface with the stack, which is generally a good thermal conductor, as regards the second current collector. While US 2013/0252089 A1 provides complete coverage of the capacitive stack, which may be more effective, one aspect of the present invention combats this bias by limiting the absorbent coverage to a selected area of overlap of the stack. capacitive.
- not covering the sidewalls of the capacitive stack avoids the effects of stray light that can occur when light incident on a sidewall portion of a blanket is diffused therein.
- the coverage of this embodiment of the present invention is not likely to create its brightness defects near or at the interface between the base of the capacitive stack and the substrate.
- Another separable aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a device.
- an energy storage device comprising a substrate having an optically transparent portion in a predefined wavelength interval, and at least one electrochemical energy storage system comprising, from one side of the transparent portion, a stack successively having a first current collector, a first electrode, an electrolyte, a second electrode, a second current collector.
- the storage system has, in a dimension perpendicular to the thickness of the substrate, a decreasing width away from the face of the substrate.
- the sides of the system are advantageously covered with the cover and thus form a large area of energy recovery. by optical absorption, so as to heat the stack of layers of the electrochemical storage system.
- FIG. 1 illustrates in perspective an energy storage device provided with a grid-organized system on a substrate
- FIGURES 2a to 2f show successive steps of a non-limiting embodiment of a device of the invention.
- FIGURES 3 to 5 show possible alternative configurations of the energy storage system
- FIGS. 6a to 6d show four examples of distribution of the energy storage system on the face of a substrate.
- the at least part of the cover comprises at least one layer of a metal oxide or nitride or an oxide or nitride of a semiconductor material, preferably silicon, or amorphous silicon;
- the at least part of the cover 30 has a textured exposed surface configured to increase the light absorbance
- the textured exposed surface comprises patterns in relief; the textured exposed surface comprises an RMS roughness greater than or equal to 100 nm;
- the at least part of the cover 30 has a surface coating antireflection
- the at least part of the cover 30 covers the entirety of the stack 29; this means that the set of superimposed layers is covered at the level of the face of the substrate 10, limiting the possibly uncovered portions to the portions of collectors whose exposure is possibly useful for a resumption of contact by the face of the substrate 10 (a resumption of contact by the opposite face of the substrate, for example with vias, is also possible);
- the stack 29 comprises an encapsulation layer 27 configured to encapsulate the stack in a sealed manner with water and / or air surmounted by the cover 30;
- the cover 30 is configured to encapsulate the stack (29) in a watertight and / or airtight manner;
- the cover 30 has a thickness greater than the largest wavelength of the predefined wavelength interval;
- the storage system 20 has, in a dimension perpendicular to the thickness of the substrate 10, a decreasing width away from the face of the substrate 10;
- the decreasing width defines two straight flanks whose slope is strictly greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 45 ° relative to the thickness of the substrate 10;
- the storage system 20 has a width, at the surface of the substrate 10, of between 5 and 50 microns and / or a height of between 5 and 50 microns;
- the stack 29 has flanks directed according to the thickness of the substrate 10 and in which the decreasing width is conferred by the cover 30;
- the decreasing width is conferred by the stack 29, the cover 30 conforming above the stack 29;
- the predefined wavelength range is between 200 and 2000 nm, and is preferably included in the visible spectrum;
- the cover 30 does not include charges absorbing light in its mass, and does not include in particular black pigment;
- the upper surface of the stack 29 is flat, and preferably parallel to the face of the transparent portion of the substrate 10; in particular, the upper surface of the second collector 26 can define this flat portion;
- the first collector, the first electrode, the electrolyte, the second electrode and the second collector all have a flat upper surface and preferably parallel to the face of the transparent portion of the substrate 10;
- the electrolyte covers the underlying layers; the second electrode and the second collector have no portion covering the flanks of the stack in this case; also, it is possible that the first electrode and the first collector do not have an underlying layer overlap portion; in a preferred embodiment, the different components of the stack are layers parallel to the face of the transparent portion of the substrate 10 superimposed on each other are side cover, except, preferably, with respect to the electrolyte; this limits the lateral dimensions of the storage system; the possible lateral overlap by the electrolyte, at the level of the sidewalls of the stack, possibly make it possible to thermally isolate the most central part of the stack, the material of the electrolyte being preferably a good thermal insulator.
- the electrolyte is configured to completely cover the first electrode and the first current collector; optionally, the stack 29 is covered with an encapsulation portion, for example based on at least one layer, preferably completely covering the stack 29; the cover 30 may be located above the encapsulation portion in this case, or below.
- the term “over” or “above” does not necessarily mean “in contact with”.
- the deposition of a layer on another layer does not necessarily mean that the two layers are directly in contact with each other but that means that one of the layers at least partially covers the other by being either directly in contact with it, or being separated from it by a film, or another layer or other element.
- a layer may also be composed of several sub-layers of the same material or different materials.
- the thickness of a layer or substrate is measured in a direction perpendicular to the surface according to which this layer or this substrate has its maximum extension.
- the term collector includes a part of the device whose function is to connect an electrode to an element outside the device, that is to say located outside the stack layers of the device, usually encapsulated.
- electrode refers in particular to a part of the device in electrical continuity with an active layer (in particular an electrolyte, preferably solid forming a solid ionic conductor).
- the current collector is connected to its electrode so as to establish an electrical continuity between these two parts; these can also be derived from one or more common layers of materials; in this case, the collector will generally form an outgrowth of the electrode, to the outside of the encapsulated device.
- the invention is based on a substrate 10 of which at least one portion is transparent according to its thickness. It is not necessary for the entire substrate 10 to be transparent; for example, the latter may have a non-transparent peripheral frame and a transparent inner volume, as is the case for a window.
- transparency is meant the optical property of a volume to transmit light in a given direction, for a given wavelength or range of wavelengths without excessive losses, by absorption or reflection. A transmission rate of at least 80% is considered acceptable to justify the transparency of an object. .
- FIG. 1 gives an illustration, in perspective, of a substrate 10 in the form of a transparent plate equipped with an energy storage system organized in the form of a grid and which is not, generally in the invention, transparent; in general, the stack used according to the invention is of a thickness such that the storage system is even completely opaque, the opening rate of the grid determines the degree of transparency of the assembly.
- the optical properties discussed in the invention are in the range of wavelengths useful, that is to say, relevant for the application.
- the term predefined wavelength range corresponds to this range, it being understood that the interval may consist of a single value, for example for monochromatic light treatment.
- the wavelength range can be between 200 and 2000 nanometers. In most applications, the wavelength range will be included in the visible spectrum, ie in the range of wavelengths detectable by the human eye, which may correspond to the range between 380 and 780 nanometers.
- the storage system 20 comprises a stack of layers making it possible to produce the various components of an electrochemical storage device, comprising a stack which itself comprises a first collector, a first electrode, an electrolyte, a second electrode and a second collector.
- the electrolyte is a portion interposed between the two separate conductive portions constituted respectively of the first collector and the first electrode, and the second electrode of the second collector. Ionic exchanges between these two conductive portions occur through the electrolyte, following the principle of electrochemical energy storage.
- one aspect of the operation of such devices is that the yield increases with temperature.
- one aspect of the invention the absorption of a portion of the light by the storage system 20, absorption which will allow to increase the temperature at the location of this system 20.
- this absorption of light is permitted thanks to a part of cover 30 of which geometrical examples will be given later.
- the cover 30 is configured to cover at least a portion of the exposed surface of the stack 29, and preferably all of this surface.
- it covers on the contrary that part of the sidewalls, without covering the upper face of the stack.
- the efficiency in terms of light absorption will be greater in the case of complete coverage, which is the preferred case.
- the cover 30 is in one piece, from a single layer manufacturing phase. This example is not limiting of the invention.
- the cover 30 may itself consist of a plurality of sub-layers manufactured successively.
- the cover 30 Since the cover 30 is intended to increase the light absorption of the storage system 20, its absorption coefficient, in the wavelength range considered, will be chosen to be greater than that or those of the layer or layers forming the exposed surface of the stack that the cover 30 covers.
- the absorption coefficient is chosen greater than or equal to 80%. More preferably, it is chosen greater than or equal to 90%.
- materials are used in the form of metal oxides or nitrides (for example tantalum nitride) or in the form of oxides or nitrides of a semiconductor material (preferably silicon) or else amorphous silicon to form all or part of the cover 30.
- the thickness of the cover is greater than the largest wavelength of the predefined wavelength range.
- another option of the invention is to select a surface condition for the exposed surface of the cover 30.
- the roughness of this surface can be increased by chemical or physical etching.
- it can be ensured that the RMS roughness obtained is greater than or equal to 100 nm.
- patterns on the surface of the cover 30 can be formed using the following technique.
- the invention does not make any hypothesis on the geometry of the texture produced.
- the shape of the reliefs can form pyramids, and therefore having a triangular section in section, regularly spaced without this in any way limiting the application of the invention to any other type of texturing.
- the reliefs could equally well have shapes of polygonal or circular section.
- the reliefs may also have curved shapes. They may especially be corrugations of the surface of the cover.
- the space between two patterns is not necessarily constant.
- the reliefs may have various shapes.
- the amplitude of a relief is defined as the distance between its highest point and its lowest point This distance is taken in a direction substantially normal to the surface of the cover.
- the size of the base of the reliefs is also potentially between 3 and 25 microns and more particularly between 4 to 15 microns.
- the size of the base of the reliefs corresponds to the maximum dimension of the relief taken level of its protruding portion relative to the surface of the cover taken between two reliefs.
- the pitch of a textured surface is the average distance between two consecutive reliefs.
- the pitch of the textured surface is between 2 and 20 microns and more particularly between 4 to 15 microns.
- reliefs shaped inverted pyramid are 6 ⁇ deep, and for a step of 15 ⁇ , they are 10 m deep.
- the steps are measured between two pyramid peaks.
- FIGS. 2a to 2f are partial sections oriented along a plane directed along the thickness of the substrate and containing the line A-A of FIG. That being so, no consistency of dimensional proportions has been sought between FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2a to 2f.
- the storage system 20 is made on a substrate 10 which may be glass, of thickness for example between 0.5mm and 1.5 mm.
- the first potential step is a relaxation of the stresses of the glass, achieved by annealing at 600 ° C for two hours. This step will allow the glass not to expand during future annealing; this corresponds to the step of Figure 2a.
- the second step is to deposit, in particular by PVD (acronym for Physical Vapor Deposition, that is to say a physical vapor deposition), the first collector, which is in the illustrated case, a bilayer composed of a first layer 21 (for example 50 nm Ti) and a second layer 22 (for example 250 nm Pt).
- the shaping can be done by photolithography, thanks to which a suitable design is transferred to the layers, and by wet etching, by which the materials are etched one after the other: the engraving of the Pt is carried out for example in a bath of HNO3 / HCl at 57 ° C, with an etching rate of the order of 25 nm / min.
- Etching of the Ti for its part, is carried out for example with a bath of NH 3 H 2 SO 4 H 2 O 2 H 2 O (1/1/1), with an etching rate of about 50 nm / min. the configuration illustrated in Figure 2b is reached.
- the next step is the deposition of the first electrode 23, generally positive electrode, which may be LICO (contraction of the term Lithium-Cobalt), and which can be deposited by PVD, in order to obtain a thickness layer in particular between 3 ⁇ and 20 ⁇ .
- a photolithography step and a wet etching step allow the realization of the patterns, aligned with respect to the patterns of the first collector 21, 22.
- the etching is carried out for example in a bath of H 2 SO 4 / H 2 O 2 / H 2 O (1/5/32), the etching rate being of the order of 6 m / min. Annealing at 600 ° C for two hours completes the realization of the first electrode 23. The result of Figure 2c is reached.
- the electrolyte 24, preferably LiPON, as well as the negative electrode 25, for example silicon, and the second collector 26 Ti, will be deposited successively.
- the electrode 25 and the second collector 26 can at this stage be shaped.
- a photolithography will make it possible to locate the future patterns of these parts, which will then be created by a plasma including Ar / O2 / CHF 3 , at 40T of pressure, under a RF power of 280W and a power LF of 400W (etching rate of the order of 0.7 nm / min).
- Figure 2d gives a result.
- the next step is etching of the material of the electrolyte 24, carried out in the case of LiPON in a bath of TMAH (tetra methyl ammonium hydroxide) after development of photoresin, with an etching rate of about 2 m / min.
- TMAH tetra methyl ammonium hydroxide
- the face 1 1 of the substrate 10 remains exposed outside the stacking zones 29.
- the cover 30 is then formed directly. This can be done by a step of depositing an amorphous silicon layer. As indicated above, this layer can be textured so as to increase the level of optical absorption.
- An example of coverage 30 is given in Figure 2f. According to a possibility not illustrated in FIG. 2f, an encapsulation layer is previously formed around the stack 29, below the cover 30.
- the cover 30 comprises an antireflection layer; it may be a surface coating constituted or comprising one or more dielectric materials, for example a multilayer SiO 2 Si 3 N 4 .
- An aspect of the invention separable from the other aspects is the optimization of the passage of light in the areas of the substrate 10 not occupied by the storage system.
- Figures 3 to 5 show three non-limiting embodiments of configurations adapted for this purpose.
- the storage system forms on the substrate a battery which must preserve the transparency and form a grid for the storage of energy in association with a transparent part (of the substrate 10) where it is advantageous to optimize the direct optical transmission.
- the invention takes into account dimensions of non-transparent elements in order to apprehend optical phenomena such as diffusion, diffraction, angular effects. Indeed, the thicker the structure - to increase the storage capacity of the component - the greater the optical effects.
- the diffraction of light is the phenomenon by which the light rays coming from a point source are deviated from their rectilinear trajectory when they skim the edges of an opaque obstacle. This phenomenon of optics, affecting the observation of an image through an instrument, is due to the wave character of the light.
- Diffusion is the phenomenon by which radiation, such as light, is diverted in various directions by interaction with other objects.
- the diffusion can be isotropic, that is to say distributed evenly in all directions, or anisotropic.
- broad angle scattering the light is diffused uniformly in all directions. This causes a contrast attenuation and a dull and dull image.
- One solution proposed to remedy this problem consists in forming a storage system having, in section planes comprising the thickness direction of the stack 29, a decrease in width away from the substrate 10.
- the width dimension is a dimension perpendicular to the thickness and preferably perpendicular to a longitudinal direction in which the largest dimension of a given portion of the system extends.
- trapezoidal structures can be generated. These forms make it possible, on the one hand, to limit shading and thus to optimize transmission over a larger angular range (device / observer) and, on the other hand, to reduce the phenomena of diffusion and diffraction of light.
- the upper corners of this set form significant obstacles to the light, when the latter is inclined relative to the direction of the light. thickness of the substrate.
- the luminous flux passing through the complete structure of the device is greater, insofar as the interaction of the light incident (non-normal, angled) with the surface of the electrochemical storage system is reduced.
- the cross section of the storage system comprises a base in contact with the face 1 1 of the substrate 10, an upper face, preferably flat and parallel to the face 1 1 of the substrate 10, said face being of dimension in width inferior to that of the base, and two flanks joining the base and the upper face.
- the flanks are straight and inclined.
- the inclination of the flanks is equivalent so as to form a system having an axial symmetry, in the thickness direction of the stack 29.
- the shaping can be carried out directly at the level of the stack 29 as it is the case of Figure 3. In this situation, the coverage is advantageously consistent, that is to say covering the structuring of the active level without modifying it.
- the shape of the cover 30 which determines the shape of the overall envelope of the storage system.
- the control of the slope is advantageously carried out by transfer of patterns of a photoresist: above the storage system, resin patterns having themselves slopes are produced.
- the etch selectivity ratio of etching rate resin / speed of etching absorbent material of the cover layer 30
- a selectivity of 1 makes it possible to transfer the same slope as that generated in the resin.
- the thickness of the cover 30 may be homogeneous in its horizontal extension above the stack 29. On the other hand, this thickness increases progressively in the direction of the face 1 1 of the substrate 10 so that make the slope.
- the slope is advantageously greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 45 ° relative to the thickness direction of the substrate.
- the cover 30 has both optical absorption characteristics and airtightness and / or water to encapsulate the stack 29.
- the cover 30 can be arranged directly above the second collector.
- the stack of the storage system comprises, underlying the cover 30, an encapsulation layer 27. This latter layer preferably covers the entire surface of the stack 29.
- C is the case of Figure 5.
- a dimension corresponding to the width dimension of a stacking pattern 29 may be between 5 and 50 microns.
- the spacing B between two stacking patterns can be between 5 and 50 microns.
- the height C of the storage system may be between 5 and 50 microns.
- the angle D formed between the plane of the substrate and the side of the stack may be between 45 and 90 degrees.
- the storage system thus proposed may be in the form of a mesh on the face of the substrate 10 with a regular shape such as is the case in FIG. 1 and in FIG. 6a, the mesh being in the form of a grid delimiting cavities of passage of the light of rectangular section and preferably square.
- Figure 6b shows an alternative in which the grid comprises hexagonal cells.
- the grid has a plurality of lines having different directions and including intersections.
- FIG. 6d for which, unlike FIG. 6c, the grid comprises a plurality of curvilinear lines extending so as to form intersections.
- the electrochemical storage system forms a network of portions comprising the stack 29 and extending at a face 11 of the substrate 10.
- This face of the substrate 10 can receive a plurality of such networks, namely a plurality of grids separated from each other so as to form a plurality of electrochemical storage systems.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1760163A FR3073089B1 (fr) | 2017-10-27 | 2017-10-27 | Dispositif de stockage d'energie |
PCT/EP2018/079052 WO2019081520A1 (fr) | 2017-10-27 | 2018-10-23 | Dispositif de stockage d'énergie |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3701574A1 true EP3701574A1 (fr) | 2020-09-02 |
Family
ID=61258338
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18789156.9A Withdrawn EP3701574A1 (fr) | 2017-10-27 | 2018-10-23 | Dispositif de stockage d'énergie |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11362387B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3701574A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3073089B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019081520A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4916035A (en) | 1987-08-06 | 1990-04-10 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Photoelectrochemical cells having functions as a solar cell and a secondary cell |
US7131189B2 (en) | 2000-03-24 | 2006-11-07 | Cymbet Corporation | Continuous processing of thin-film batteries and like devices |
WO2003102215A2 (fr) | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-11 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Procedes d'identification et d'isolement de cellules souches et de cellules souches cancereuses |
EP2248216B1 (fr) * | 2008-02-25 | 2018-03-21 | Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC | Batteries lithium ion flexibles en couches minces à électrolyte solide |
FR2977380B1 (fr) | 2011-07-01 | 2014-10-24 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de realisation d'un dispositif a batteries avec test du fonctionnement des batteries avant de les relier electriquement |
JP6181948B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-21 | 2017-08-16 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 蓄電装置及び電気機器 |
JP6495570B2 (ja) | 2012-03-23 | 2019-04-03 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 蓄電装置 |
WO2014062676A1 (fr) * | 2012-10-15 | 2014-04-24 | Cymbet Corporation | Batteries à film fin comprenant un substrat en verre ou en céramique |
-
2017
- 2017-10-27 FR FR1760163A patent/FR3073089B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2018
- 2018-10-23 US US16/759,114 patent/US11362387B2/en active Active
- 2018-10-23 EP EP18789156.9A patent/EP3701574A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-10-23 WO PCT/EP2018/079052 patent/WO2019081520A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2019081520A1 (fr) | 2019-05-02 |
US20210184300A1 (en) | 2021-06-17 |
FR3073089A1 (fr) | 2019-05-03 |
FR3073089B1 (fr) | 2021-07-23 |
US11362387B2 (en) | 2022-06-14 |
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