EP3695100B1 - Rotor pourvu d'élément d'étanchéité et de bague d'étanchéité - Google Patents

Rotor pourvu d'élément d'étanchéité et de bague d'étanchéité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3695100B1
EP3695100B1 EP19701772.6A EP19701772A EP3695100B1 EP 3695100 B1 EP3695100 B1 EP 3695100B1 EP 19701772 A EP19701772 A EP 19701772A EP 3695100 B1 EP3695100 B1 EP 3695100B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sealing
rotor
ring
sealing ring
pointing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19701772.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3695100A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Schröder
Karsten Kolk
Peter Kury
Dirk Springborn
Kevin KAMPKA
Christopher W. Ross
Yulia Bagaeva
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3695100A1 publication Critical patent/EP3695100A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3695100B1 publication Critical patent/EP3695100B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
    • F01D11/006—Sealing the gap between rotor blades or blades and rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3007—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type
    • F01D5/3015—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type with side plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/001—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between stator blade and rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/025—Fixing blade carrying members on shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/06—Rotors for more than one axial stage, e.g. of drum or multiple disc type; Details thereof, e.g. shafts, shaft connections
    • F01D5/066—Connecting means for joining rotor-discs or rotor-elements together, e.g. by a central bolt, by clamps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/32—Locking, e.g. by final locking blades or keys
    • F01D5/326—Locking of axial insertion type blades by other means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3007—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/20—Rotors
    • F05D2240/24—Rotors for turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/55—Seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/55—Seals
    • F05D2240/58—Piston ring seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sealing element for use in a rotor with a rotor disk, to which a plurality of rotor blades can be attached, distributed around the circumference.
  • a plurality of sealing elements are arranged on one end face of the rotor disk, by means of which the blade holding grooves required for receiving the rotor blades are covered.
  • the invention also relates to a rotor.
  • rotors which have a rotor disk with rotor blades and sealing plates.
  • the rotor disk has blade holding grooves distributed on the outer circumference, in each of which a rotor blade is fastened with a blade root.
  • the rotor blades have a blade platform radially outside the rotor disk which extends in the circumferential direction in each case to the following blade platform.
  • On one or both end faces of the rotor disk there are sealing plates to cover the blade holding grooves, which are intended in particular to separate between a hot gas flowing along the rotor and a cooling air flowing inside the rotor blades.
  • the sealing plates are mounted in a known manner in an inner annular groove on the rotor disk and in an outer annular groove formed by the rotor blade.
  • the task of mounting the sealing plate in the annular groove is in particular to seal the area between the sealing plate and the rotor disk separate from an area on the opposite side of the sealing plate.
  • sealing plates are still attached to the rotor disk by means of a hook.
  • the rotor disk between the blade retaining grooves and the sealing plates have corresponding mutually complementary interlocking means. This improves the axial fixation of the sealing plates on the rotor disk.
  • a disadvantage of this per se advantageous fastening of the sealing plates is the necessary arrangement of the annular groove in the rotor disk with the interlocking means so that the axial position of both the annular groove and the interlocking means is fixed. This is the only way to ensure problem-free assembly and to avoid bending stresses in the sealing plate when it is installed on the rotor disk. This disadvantage is particularly evident in the manufacture of the rotor disk with the processing steps necessary to implement the interlocking means and the annular groove.
  • the sealing plates are fixed with an inner edge section on the rotor disk and thus at the same time an advantageous tightness is brought about by the interlocking of the inner edge section in the annular groove. If the sealing elements with the inner edge section are mounted in annular grooves in the rotor, an overpressure between the rotor disk and the sealing plate usually results in the inner edge section of the sealing plate being pressed against a flank of the annular groove facing away from the rotor disk.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to enable the sealing plates to be axially fixed on the rotor disk at a distance from an inner edge section, without that an axial fixation on the inner edge section is necessary.
  • a second embodiment of a rotor according to the invention based on the same idea for solving the object is specified in claim 14.
  • the generic sealing element is intended for use in a rotor.
  • the type of rotor involved is initially irrelevant, the sealing element being used in particular in a gas turbine. Independently of this, the embodiment can also be used for other types of rotors, for example a steam turbine.
  • the design of the rotor is initially irrelevant for the determination of the sealing element. At least a reference to a rotor axis and to one side or to another side is required.
  • the intended rotor comprises a rotor disk and defines a rotor axis.
  • the sealing element forms part of an annular disk and in this respect, at least in sections, a section of a body of revolution.
  • the sealing element extends essentially in the circumferential direction and in the radial direction, while, in contrast, the axial extent is smaller.
  • the sealing element forms an inner edge section on the side facing the rotor axis and, on the opposite side, an outer edge section on the side facing radially outward.
  • the side facing the rotor disk in the intended installation position is defined below as the inside of the sealing element and the opposite side facing away from the rotor disk is defined as the outside.
  • the sealing element On the inside, the sealing element has a retaining projection that is raised in the axial direction, i.e. in the direction of the rotor axis. This is intended to be used to attach the sealing element to the rotor disk.
  • the retaining projection is arranged between the inner edge section and the outer edge section. In this case, it is initially irrelevant whether only one retaining projection or several retaining projections are arranged on the sealing element. It is also initially irrelevant whether a retaining projection is connected to a fastening projection or a retaining projection with two fastening projections and / or two retaining projections are connected to one fastening projection.
  • the intended axial fixation of the sealing element on the rotor disk by the connection of the retaining projection and the fastening projection is essential.
  • the sealing element When considering the sealing element as part of an annular disk or the extension “at least” in the circumferential direction and in the radial direction, the retaining projection is accordingly neglected. Furthermore, it can be provided that the sealing element has further geometries, such as ribs, for example, which do not appear as part of a body of revolution.
  • this has a conical circumferential surface on the underside facing the rotor axis.
  • the circumferential surface is a section of a conical surface of revolution limited in the circumferential direction.
  • sealing element according to the invention enables the implementation of a rotor according to the invention.
  • the generic rotor has - as described above - at least one rotor disk, which has a plurality of blade holding grooves distributed on the outer circumference.
  • the blade retaining grooves run in the axial direction parallel to the rotor axis or in a direction inclined thereto or have an arcuate course, predominantly in the axial direction.
  • the blade retaining grooves are each intended to hold rotor blades.
  • the rotor disk has a plurality of fastening projections which are arranged distributed around the circumference and which extend axially from an end face of the rotor disk.
  • the fastening projections are each arranged between adjacent blade holding grooves.
  • the generic embodiment of the rotor comprises a plurality of sealing elements which are distributed around the circumference and which cover the blade retaining grooves at least in sections in front of an end face of the rotor disk.
  • the sealing elements are fastened to the rotor disk in at least the axial direction so that the sealing elements have retaining projections extending axially towards the end face.
  • the holding projections are attached to the fastening projections, so that at least one axial fixation takes place.
  • sealing elements are now used as described above, which have a sealing surface on the underside facing the rotor axis.
  • An advantageous rotor also has a plurality of rotor blades which are arranged on the rotor disk in a manner distributed around the circumference.
  • the rotor blades are each fastened with a blade root in the corresponding blade retaining grooves.
  • the rotor blades each have a blade platform which adjoins the blade root and which covers the rotor disk in sections and extends beyond an end face of the rotor disk.
  • An airfoil is located on the airfoil and extends radially outward.
  • annular segment groove opening toward the rotor axis is arranged in the blade platform in a section projecting beyond the end face.
  • the sealing element is received in the ring segment groove with an outer, radially outwardly pointing edge section. This achieves an axial coupling between the rotor blade and the sealing element and, by fixing it on the rotor disk, an axial coupling between the rotor blade and the rotor disk.
  • a first advantageous embodiment of the Holding projection is formed in the form of a hook extending to the rotor axis.
  • the rotor disk has a fastening projection in the form of a hook extending radially outward.
  • the axial fixation is achieved by the interlocking of the fastening projection and the retaining projection.
  • This embodiment favors a particularly simple assembly of the sealing element with an insertion facing the rotor axis.
  • the holding projection in the form of a hook extending radially outward. Accordingly, it is necessary for the fastening projection on the rotor disk to be designed in the form of a hook extending to the rotor axis. In an analogous manner, an axial fixation is made possible by the interlocking of the fastening projection and the retaining projection.
  • both designs can be combined in that the retaining projection or the fastening projection has a T-shaped profile which is clasped by a designated C-shaped fastening projection or retaining projection.
  • a design in the form of a dovetail connection can be selected.
  • the stable fastening of the sealing element on the rotor disk, in particular in the connection of the retaining projection on the fastening projection, is promoted if the two edges of the sealing element are located in the circumferential direction in the area between two blade retaining grooves.
  • This enables the retaining projection to be hooked onto two adjacent fastening projections which are spaced apart by an intermediate blade retaining groove. It is also possible in this case to provide two holding projections spaced apart in the circumferential direction on a sealing element.
  • a radial fixation of the sealing plate can take place in different ways, whereby in a first simple and advantageous embodiment the outer edge section is in contact is provided with a radially inwardly facing contact surface on the blade platform, ie advantageously on the groove base of the ring segment groove. In this respect, centrifugal forces are first transferred from the sealing element to the blade platform.
  • sealing element is supported by the outer edge section on the blade platform, it is still possible to mount the sealing element radially inward and, after moving it in the circumferential direction - with a release of a blade retaining groove - insert the rotor blade and then move the sealing elements back into their desired position.
  • the sealing element is mounted with a movement pointing radially outward.
  • the sealing element it is necessary that there is sufficient free space on the rotor disk in addition to the inner edge section in the installation position so that first the sealing element is arranged with the inner edge section in the free space and then with a radially outward movement while pivoting the sealing element at the same time
  • the retaining projection is joined to the fastening projection and, advantageously, the outer edge section is in contact with the blade platform.
  • a sealing ring is arranged on the sealing surface on the side facing the rotor axis, which sealing ring rests on the sealing surface at least when the rotor is rotating.
  • the sealing ring rests flat against the sealing surfaces of the sealing elements and thus has an equally conical shape on the side pointing radially outward.
  • the sealing ring it is possible for the sealing ring to be convex on the radially outwardly facing side, so that a circumferential contact is provided regardless of the axial position of the sealing ring on the conical sealing surface.
  • the solution according to the invention should make it possible for the sealing element to be able to move axially relative to the sealing ring.
  • the surfaces lying on top of one another are not of the same width in the axial direction.
  • the width of the sealing surface on the sealing element is considered corresponds in the axial direction between 0.6 times and 0.9 times the width of the sealing ring.
  • a ratio of the width of the sealing surface in the axial direction to the width of the sealing ring between 0.7 times and 0.8 times is particularly advantageous.
  • the sealing surface is made wider than the sealing ring.
  • the advantageous width of the sealing ring is between 0.6 times and 0.9 times the width of the sealing surface in the axial direction.
  • the reliable position of the sealing ring below the sealing surface is ensured if the sealing ring can be reliably supported on the inner edge section of the sealing element when centrifugal forces occur. If the cross-section through the sealing ring is considered, the center of gravity is located radially below the inner edge section, i.e. below the sealing surface, in every intended state of the rotor, so that the centrifugal force of the sealing ring is supported directly on the inner edge section without additional bending moments and shear forces occur in the sealing ring. To this end, the possible axial changes in position of the sealing ring relative to the sealing element must be taken into account.
  • the rotor advantageously has an annular surface extending around the rotor axis, the sealing ring being arranged radially outside the annular surface.
  • the position of the sealing ring on the side facing the rotor axis is limited by the ring surface.
  • the rotor advantageously has a sealing flank.
  • the sealing flank is located radially outside the ring surface and extends in the circumferential direction and radially outward.
  • the sealing flank is arranged adjacent on the outside facing away from the rotor disk next to the sealing ring.
  • the position of the sealing ring is correspondingly the side facing away from the rotor axis is limited by the sealing flank.
  • a defined position of the sealing ring relative to the sealing flank is achieved. Since the sealing ring rests against the conical sealing flank on the outer circumference, the movement in the side axially facing the rotor axis is thus limited at the same time. At the same time, a seal is created between the sealing ring and the sealing flank. In particular, a rotation of the rotor with the centrifugal forces that occur leads to the sealing ring being pressed against the conical sealing surface and the conicity at the same time leads to a low axial force on the sealing ring and thus to the sealing ring being pressed against the sealing flank.
  • the outer diameter of the sealing flank is greater than the outer diameter of the sealing ring.
  • the assembly is furthermore favored if, in a further advantageous variant, a supporting edge is still present opposite the sealing edge.
  • the sealing ring is arranged in the axial direction between the sealing flank and the supporting flank. It is particularly advantageous if the sealing ring is received between the sealing flank and the supporting flank essentially free of play, with easy assembly without jamming being ensured.
  • the height of the supporting flank ie the radial extension, can be designed differently, the alternatives each having different advantages.
  • the outer diameter of the supporting flank is smaller than the outer diameter of the smallest outer diameter of the conical circumferential surface of the sealing ring.
  • the sealing element with the inner edge section, in particular at axial displacements, extending over the supporting flank is particularly advantageous when the sealing surface is wider than the sealing ring.
  • the supporting flank is larger than the smallest outer diameter of the sealing ring, but smaller than the outer diameter of the sealing flank.
  • the inner edge section is also arranged between the sealing flank and the supporting flank, which means that the width of the sealing surface must be smaller than the width of the sealing ring, so that the required axial displaceability can be guaranteed. This design can, if necessary, facilitate the assembly of the sealing elements.
  • a defined position of the sealing ring in the axial direction is achieved by the sealing flank and the supporting flank, and the position of the sealing ring in the radial direction on the side facing the rotor axis is limited by the ring surface and on the radially outward facing side by the sealing surface of the sealing element.
  • this favors sliding of the circumferential surface of the sealing ring relative to the sealing surface without the sealing ring tilting (for example caused by frictional forces).
  • the sealing element according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously when the rotor comprises a rotor component adjoining the rotor disk.
  • the rotor component can be a further rotor disk provided with rotor blades or another rotor disk without rotor blades or a rotor component ring-shaped surrounding the rotor axis, which can be designed in one piece or segmented. At least the rotor component is mounted directly adjacent to the rotor disk.
  • the rotor component here has a circumferential sealing section which is arranged adjacent to the inner edge section of the sealing element. With this arrangement of the inner edge portion of the sealing element In the sealing section of the rotor component, a sealing gap is defined between these two components, which is to be sealed.
  • the sealing section comprises the sealing flank and the annular surface of the step shoulder, which together limit the position of the sealing ring opposite to the sealing surface of the sealing element.
  • the embodiment according to the invention with the separate rotor component mounted on the rotor disk enables a limited axial displacement of the rotor component relative to the rotor disk in a particularly advantageous manner.
  • these relative displacements can be used to compensate for tolerances and, in a particularly advantageous manner, also enable compensation of different thermal expansions. This results in a relative displacement of the sealing section on the rotor component relative to the fastening projection on the rotor disk and thus relative to the inner edge section of the sealing element mounted on the rotor disk.
  • the sealing flank of the rotor component or the sealing section of the rotor component and thus at the same time the sealing ring by at least 0.2 times the width of the smaller sliding surface of the sealing surface of the sealing element and the peripheral surface of the sealing ring is axially displaceable relative to the inner edge portion.
  • the advantageous axial displaceability of the sealing flank relative to the sealing surface is at least 0.2 times the width of the sealing surface.
  • the axial displaceability of the sealing flank relative to the sealing surface is at least 0.2 times the width of the sealing ring.
  • an axial displaceability is at least 0.5 times Width of the sealing surface (in the first embodiment) or of the sealing ring (in the second embodiment) is given.
  • This second embodiment of a rotor according to the invention has the following design:
  • the second embodiment of a rotor according to the invention comprises a rotor disk as described above.
  • a rotor component is mounted on the rotor disk, which is axially displaceable to a limited extent and has a sealing section.
  • the blade retaining grooves in the rotor disk are covered analogously by a plurality of sealing elements which are arranged distributed around the circumference and which are each fastened with retaining projections to the fastening projections of the rotor disk.
  • the sealing elements have an outer edge section on the radially outwardly facing side and an inner edge section on the side facing the rotor axis and an inner side on the side facing the rotor disk and an outside facing away from the rotor disk.
  • a sealing gap to be sealed between the inner edge section of the sealing elements and the sealing section of the rotor component is considered analogously.
  • the sealing section of the rotor component now has a conical sealing surface on the radially outward-facing side, the inner edge section of the respective sealing element having a sealing flank extending in the circumferential direction and radially inward and a circumferential, axially extending ring surface having. It is also a one-piece or multi-piece sealing ring arranged between the inner edge portion of the sealing element and the sealing portion of the rotor component, which is now turned around in contrast to the previous embodiment.
  • the sealing ring rests on the radially outward facing side of the cylindrical ring surface and is axially limited in position by the sealing flank of the sealing element, while the sealing ring on the side facing the rotor axis rests against the conical sealing surface on the sealing section of the rotor component.
  • a sealing ring is arranged in the receiving space between the sealing section and the inner edge section, which seals on the one hand by contacting the sealing section and on the other hand by contacting the inner edge section.
  • the sealing ring can move radially outward to a limited extent (by stretching and / or due to a division), with the inner edge section being able to be axially displaced relative to the sealing section.
  • the inclined sealing surface on one side ensures that the sealing ring rests on the sealing surface.
  • FIG. 1 a first embodiment of a rotor according to the invention is outlined.
  • a rotor disk 01 can be seen, which 01 has blade retaining grooves 02 distributed around the circumference. In these 02 blades are attached as intended.
  • the rotor disk 01 has a fastening projection 05, which 05 is designed in the form of a hook pointing radially outward.
  • a rotor component 11 fastened to the rotor disk 01 is located adjacent to the rotor disk 01, with a gap 07 being located between the components 01, 11.
  • the two components 01, 11 can move a small distance relative to one another. This serves in particular to compensate for different thermal expansions in the rotor with the rotor disk 01 and the rotor component 11.
  • the arrangement of the sealing elements 21, which are distributed around the circumference and attached to the rotor disk 01 in front of the blade retaining grooves 02, can also be seen.
  • the sealing elements 21 have a holding projection 25 which, in this exemplary embodiment, is designed in the form of a hook pointing radially to the rotor axis.
  • the axial fixation of the sealing elements 21 is effected by the interlocking of the fastening projection 05 and the retaining projection 25.
  • the axial fixation of the sealing elements 21, which is usually still present, with a radially outwardly pointing edge section in an annular segment groove of the rotor blades fastened in the rotor disk 01 is not shown.
  • the seal between the sealing plates 21 and the rotor component 11 is shown in detail.
  • the rotor disk 01 with the adjacently arranged rotor component 11 can again be seen in front of an end face of the rotor disk 01 is the sealing element 21.
  • the sealing element 21 adjoins a sealing section 13 of the rotor component 11 with an inner edge section 23.
  • a sealing ring 29 is used to seal between the two components 11, 21.
  • the sealing section 13 has a shoulder.
  • the shoulder is formed on the side facing away from the rotor disk 01 by a sealing flank 15 and on the side facing the rotor axis by an annular surface 14.
  • Opposite the inner edge section 23 of the sealing element 21 has a conical sealing surface 24.
  • the conical sealing surface 24 is oriented in such a way that the distance to the rotor axis from the sealing flank 15 decreases as it approaches the rotor disk.
  • a limited receiving space for the arrangement of the sealing ring 29 is formed.
  • the position of the sealing ring 29 is limited on the side facing the rotor axis of the annular surface 14 of the sealing section 13 and on the side facing away from the rotor disk 01 by the sealing flank 15 of the sealing section 13 and on the radially outwardly facing side and in the direction of the rotor disk 01 pointing from the sealing surface 24 on the inner edge section 23 of the sealing element 21.
  • the sealing ring 29 can move within the receiving space to a limited extent, but when the rotor rotates, the sealing ring 29 rests on the conical sealing surface 24 and on the sealing flank 15 and thus creates a seal between the sealing element 21 and the rotor component 11 will.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment example for a rotor according to the invention with the novel seal between sealing elements 41 and a rotor component 31 is outlined.
  • the rotor disk 01 can be seen, on which the rotor component 31 is arranged adjacent to 01.
  • Sealing elements 41 are again located in front of an end face of the rotor disk 01.
  • a gap is formed between the sealing elements 41 and the rotor component 31, which gap is to be sealed off as best as possible.
  • a possible relative axial displacement of the rotor component 31 relative to the rotor disk 01 and thus to the sealing elements 41 is in turn made possible by the special seal between the inner edge section 43 of the sealing elements 41 and the sealing section 33 of the rotor component 31.
  • the sealing elements 41 are analogous to the embodiment Fig. 2 provided with a conical sealing surface 44.
  • a sealing ring 49 rests on the sealing surface 44 and 49 likewise has a conical shape on the radially outwardly facing side.
  • the sealing section 33 has a circumferential groove which is delimited in the axial direction by a sealing flank 35 on the outside facing away from the rotor disk 01 and by a supporting flank 36 on the inside facing the rotor disk 01.
  • a sealing flank 35 extends, pointing radially outward, beyond the sealing ring 49.
  • the sealing flank 35 not only forms the contact surface for the sealing ring 49, but also represents a limitation for the movement space of the inner edge section 43 of the sealing element 41.
  • the supporting flank 36 which likewise extends radially outward, has a significantly smaller outer radius and is surmounted by the sealing ring 49. Furthermore, the inner edge section 43 is located radially outside the support flank 36 and can therefore move unhindered in the axial direction over the support flank 36.
  • the supporting flank 36 serves in particular to secure the position of the sealing ring 49 during assembly.
  • the inclined contact surface of the sealing ring 49 on the inclined sealing surface 44 of the inner edge section 43 causes the sealing ring 49 to shift towards the sealing flank 35, so that the supporting flank 36 is without function when the rotor rotates.
  • the position of the sealing ring 49 is consequently limited when the rotor rotates by the sealing flank 35 and the sealing surface 44 of the inner edge section 33 both in the radial direction and in the axial direction.
  • the position of the sealing ring 49 when the rotor is at a standstill in the direction facing the rotor axis is limited by the groove base with an annular surface 34 on the sealing section 33 of the rotor component 31.
  • FIG. 4 an embodiment of a rotor analogous to the previous example is sketched.
  • the rotor disk 01 can again be seen with the adjacent rotor component 51, which likewise has a sealing section 53 on the side facing the rotor disk 01.
  • the sealing element 61 with the inner edge section 63 is located in front of the end face of the rotor disk 01.
  • a conical sealing surface 64 is arranged on the inner edge section 63.
  • the sealing section 53 coincidentally forms a sealing flank 55 and a supporting flank 56 and has an annular surface 54.
  • the sealing ring 69 has a greater width than the sealing surface 64 and, in this respect, the inner edge section 63 of the sealing element 61 is arranged axially displaceably between the sealing flank 55 and the supporting flank 56.
  • FIG. 5 an exemplary embodiment for the second inventive embodiment of a rotor for sealing between sealing elements 81 and a rotor component 71 is shown in a manner analogous to the illustration Fig. 2 outlined.
  • the rotor disk 01 with the adjacent rotor component 71 can again be seen.
  • the sealing elements 81 are again located in front of the end face of the rotor disk 01 Sealing surface 74 is provided.
  • the sealing element 81 has a shoulder on the inner edge section 83 delimited by a sealing flank 86 arranged on the side facing the rotor disk 01 and an annular surface 84
  • the sealing ring 89 is arranged.
  • the sealing ring 89 can move to a limited extent in the receiving space, a seal being effected during operation. On the one hand, this is brought about by the rotation of the rotor, as a result of which the sealing ring 89 rests securely on the annular surface 84. Cooling air usually flows through the space between the rotor disk 01 and the inside of the sealing element 81 at a higher pressure than on the opposite outside of the sealing element 81.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Elément (21, 41, 61) d'étanchéité à utiliser conformément aux prescriptions dans un rotor, notamment d'une turbine à gaz, dans lequel le rotor comprend au moins un disque (01) rotorique, dans lequel l'élément (21, 41, 61) d'étanchéité s'étend au moins dans la direction du pourtour et dans la direction radiale et forme, au moins par endroits, une partie d'une rondelle annulaire et a une partie de bord extérieure tournée radialement vers l'extérieur et une partie (23, 43, 63) de bord intérieure tournée vers l'axe du rotor et un côté intérieur tourné vers le disque (01) rotorique et un côté extérieur opposé et une saillie (25) de maintien disposée sur le côté intérieur, dans lequel la partie (23, 43, 63) de bord intérieure est réalisée coniquement sur un côté inférieur tourné vers l'axe du rotor, et dans lequel, conformément aux prescriptions, la saillie (25) de maintien rend possible une fixation de l'élément (21, 41, 61) au disque (01) rotorique,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le côté inférieur conique forme une surface (24, 44, 64) d'étanchéité, la distance de la surface (24, 44, 64) d'étanchéité à l'axe du rotor étant plus petite côté intérieur que du côté extérieur.
  2. Rotor, notamment d'une turbine à gaz, comprenant au moins un disque (01) rotorique, qui (01) a une pluralité de rainures (02) de maintien d'aube réparties sur le pourtour et une pluralité de saillies (05) de fixation disposées axialement devant un côté frontal entre les rainures (02) de maintien d'aube, et comprenant une pluralité d'éléments (21, 41, 61) d'étanchéité répartis sur le pourtour, qui (21, 41, 61) sont fixés par des saillies (25) de maintien aux saillies (05) de fixation,
    caractérisé par
    une réalisation des éléments (21, 41, 61) d'étanchéité suivant la revendication 1.
  3. Rotor suivant la revendication 2,
    caractérisé par
    une pluralité d'aubes mobiles, qui sont fixées chacune par une emplanture d'aube dans les rainures (02) de maintien d'aube et ont une plateforme d'aube se raccordant à l'emplanture d'aube et entourant par endroits le disque (01) rotorique, dans lequel, dans la plateforme est disposée, dans une partie dépassant d'un côté frontal du disque (01) rotorique, une rainure de segment annulaire s'étendant dans la direction du pourtour et s'ouvrant vers l'axe rotorique, une partie de bord extérieure des éléments d'étanchéité étant montée au moins axialement dans la rainure de segment annulaire.
  4. Rotor suivant la revendication 2 ou 3,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la saillie (25) de maintien est formée d'un crochet tourné vers l'axe du rotor, et notamment la saillie (05) de fixation est formée d'un crochet tourné vers l'extérieur radialement, dans lequel notamment la transmission des forces centrifuges s'effectue conformément aux prescriptions par la partie de bord extérieure, ou
    en ce que la saillie de maintien est formée d'un crochet tourné vers l'extérieur radialement, et notamment la saillie (05) de fixation est formée d'un saillie tournée vers l'axe de rotor, la transmission des forces centrifuges s'effectuant par la saillie de maintien ; ou
    en ce que la saillie de maintien a une forme en T et notamment la saillie de fixation a une forme en C ; ou
    en ce que la saillie de maintien a une forme en C et notamment la saillie de fixation a une forme en T.
  5. Rotor suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 4,
    caractérisé par
    une bague (29, 49, 69) annulaire en une seule partie ou en plusieurs parties, qui (29, 49, 69) s'applique, du côté tourné vers l'axe de rotor, aux éléments (21, 41, 61) d'étanchéité et est réalisée notamment à la manière d'un segment de piston.
  6. Rotor suivant la revendication 5,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la largeur de la surface (24, 44, 64) d'étanchéité, dans la direction axiale représente de 0,6 fois à 0,9 fois, notamment de 0,7 fois à 0,8 fois la largeur de la bague (29, 49, 69) d'étanchéité ; ou
    en ce que la largeur de la bague (29, 49, 69) d'étanchéité représente de 0,6 fois à 0,9 fois, notamment de 0,7 fois à 0,8 fois la largeur de la surface (24, 44, 64) d'étanchéité dans la direction axiale.
  7. Rotor suivant la revendication 5 ou 6,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le centre de gravité de surface d'une section transversale de la bague (29, 49, 69) d'étanchéité se trouve, lorsque le rotor est dans l'état conforme aux prescriptions, dans la direction axiale dans la partie de la surface (24, 44, 64) d'étanchéité.
  8. Rotor suivant l'une des revendications 5 à 7,
    caractérisé par
    une surface (14, 34, 54) annulaire faisant le tour, qui (14, 34, 54) délimite la position de la bague (29, 49, 69) d'étanchéité du côté tourné dans l'axe du rotor, et un flanc (15, 35, 55) d'étanchéité, qui (15, 35, 55) délimite la position de la bague (29, 49, 69) d'étanchéité du côté extérieur.
  9. Rotor suivant la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le diamètre extérieur du flanc (15, 35, 55) d'étanchéité est plus grand que le diamètre extérieur de la bague (29, 49, 69) d'étanchéité.
  10. Rotor suivant la revendication 8 ou 9,
    caractérisé par
    un flanc (36, 56) d'appui, qui (36, 56) délimite, notamment sans jeu, la position de la bague (29, 49, 69) d'étanchéité du côté intérieur.
  11. Rotor suivant la revendication 10,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le diamètre extérieur du flanc (36, 56) d'appui est plus petit que le diamètre extérieur du flanc (15, 35, 55) d'étanchéité et/ou plus grand que le diamètre extérieur le plus petit de la bague (29, 49, 69) d'étanchéité.
  12. Rotor suivant l'une des revendications 8 à 11,
    caractérisé par
    une pièce (11, 31, 51) de rotor montée sur le disque (01) rotorique, dans lequel la pièce (11, 31, 51) de rotor forme le flanc (15, 35, 55) d'étanchéité et la surface (14, 34, 54) annulaire, dans lequel le flanc (15, 35, 55) d'étanchéité peut coulisser axialement de manière limitée, au moins en raison de dilatations thermiques, par rapport à la saillie (05) de fixation.
  13. Rotor suivant la revendication 12,
    caractérisé
    en ce que le flanc (15) d'étanchéité peut coulisser axialement dans la direction axiale, d'au moins 0,2 fois, notamment de 0,5 fois la largeur de la bague (29) d'étanchéité pour une plus grande largeur de la surface (24) d'étanchéité ou
    en ce que le flanc (35, 55) d'étanchéité peut coulisser axialement d'au moins 0,2 fois, notamment 0,5 fois la largeur de la surface (44, 64) d'étanchéité dans la direction axiale pour une plus grande largeur de la bague (49, 69) d'étanchéité.
  14. Rotor notamment d'une turbine à gaz, comportant au moins un disque (01) rotorique, lequel (01) comporte une pluralité de rainures (02) de maintien d'aube réparties sur le pourtour et une pluralité de saillies (05) de fixation disposées axialement devant un côté frontal entre les rainures (02) de maintien d'aube, et
    une partie principale (71) de rotor, laquelle (71) est montée sur le disque (01) rotorique et peut ainsi coulisser axialement au moins de manière limitée et comporte une partie (73) d'étanchéité, et une pluralité d'éléments (81) d'étanchéité répartis sur le pourtour, lesquels (81) s'étendent sensiblement dans la direction du pourtour et dans la direction radiale et forment une partie d'une rondelle annulaire et ont une partie de bord extérieure tournée radialement vers l'extérieur et une partie (83) de bord intérieure tournée vers l'axe du rotor et un côté intérieur tourné vers le disque rotorique et un côté extérieur opposé et une saillie de maintien disposée sur le côté intérieur,
    dans lequel les éléments (81) d'étanchéité sont fixés par les saillies de maintien aux saillies (05) de fixation du disque (01) rotorique, et
    dans lequel la partie (83) de bord intérieure des éléments (81) d'étanchéité est disposée voisine de la partie (73) d'étanchéité de la partie (71) principale de rotor,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la partie (73) d'étanchéité comporte une surface (74) d'étanchéité conique tournée radialement vers l'extérieur et la partie (83) de bord intérieure comporte un flanc (86) d'étanchéité s'étendant dans la direction du pourtour et radialement vers l'intérieur et une surface (84) annulaire périphérique s'étendant axialement, une bague (89) d'étanchéité, en une partie ou en plusieurs parties, étant disposée entre la surface (74) d'étanchéité et la surface (84) annulaire et le flanc (86) d'étanchéité.
EP19701772.6A 2018-02-02 2019-01-07 Rotor pourvu d'élément d'étanchéité et de bague d'étanchéité Active EP3695100B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18154881.9A EP3521561A1 (fr) 2018-02-02 2018-02-02 Rotor pourvu d'élément d'étanchéité et de bague d'étanchéité
US201862642126P 2018-03-13 2018-03-13
PCT/EP2019/050247 WO2019149474A1 (fr) 2018-02-02 2019-01-07 Rotor comprenant un élément d'étanchéité et une bague d'étanchéité

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3695100A1 EP3695100A1 (fr) 2020-08-19
EP3695100B1 true EP3695100B1 (fr) 2021-10-06

Family

ID=61157083

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18154881.9A Withdrawn EP3521561A1 (fr) 2018-02-02 2018-02-02 Rotor pourvu d'élément d'étanchéité et de bague d'étanchéité
EP19701772.6A Active EP3695100B1 (fr) 2018-02-02 2019-01-07 Rotor pourvu d'élément d'étanchéité et de bague d'étanchéité

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18154881.9A Withdrawn EP3521561A1 (fr) 2018-02-02 2018-02-02 Rotor pourvu d'élément d'étanchéité et de bague d'étanchéité

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US (1) US11319823B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP3521561A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7026809B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR102455245B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN111670292B (fr)
WO (1) WO2019149474A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11542819B2 (en) * 2021-02-17 2023-01-03 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Split ring seal for gas turbine engine rotor

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US11319823B2 (en) 2022-05-03
KR20200111790A (ko) 2020-09-29
CN111670292A (zh) 2020-09-15
JP2021512250A (ja) 2021-05-13
EP3521561A1 (fr) 2019-08-07
EP3695100A1 (fr) 2020-08-19
WO2019149474A1 (fr) 2019-08-08
CN111670292B (zh) 2022-11-08
KR102455245B1 (ko) 2022-10-17
JP7026809B2 (ja) 2022-02-28
US20200392857A1 (en) 2020-12-17

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